DOCSLIB.ORG

The Effectiveness of Home Language Medium Instruction on Improving Primary School Students’ Mathematical Performance

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Effectiveness of Home Language Medium Instruction on Improving Primary School Students’ Mathematical Performance The Effectiveness of Home Language Medium Instruction on Improving Primary School Students’ Mathematical Performance Gopal Singh Sijapati SID 18460009 Thesis submitted to the partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Research School of Humanities and Communication Arts Western Sydney University Parramatta South Campus, Sydney, Australia June 2017 Dedication This thesis is dedicated to all prospective researchers, Australian Indigenous peoples, especially Kunwinjku, and their communities. Acknowledgements My sincere and hearty gratitude goes to my thesis supervisor, Dr. Robert Mailhammer, Senior Lecturer in Linguistics, School of Humanities and Communication Arts, Western Sydney University, Australia, who inspired me to select Kunwinjku language for the purpose of the research project. His trust, kindness, motivation, enlightening ideas, supervision, proper guidance and valuable suggestions helped me complete this research work successfully. Without his inspiration and constructive feedback, I would not have been able to accomplish this thesis in the present form. I would like to thank to Dr. Susan Mowbrary, Academic Literacy Advisor, Graduate Research School, Western Sydney University, Australia, for her constructive feedback and creative approach to précising ideas that have turned the study into a standard and complete form. My sincere thankfulness goes to the lecturers, especially Dr. Jack Tsonis, Senior Lecturer in Higher Education, Graduate Research School and Dr. Jennifer Mensch, Senior Lecturer in Philosophy, School of Humanities and Communication Arts, Western Sydney University, Australia, for their direct guidance and suggestions that helped me get started and enabled my research intent to flourish in the form of present study. I am also grateful to Dr. Judith M Snodgrass, Director, Higher Degree Research, School of Humanities and Communication Arts, Western Sydney University, Australia, whose valuable suggestions to develop the study further are always appreciable. I would like to thank to the School of Humanities and Communication Arts and Research Graduate School, Western Sydney University, Australia, for granting my application to research travel funding. Also, thanks to Dr. Wayne Peake, Senior School Administration Officer and Ms. Amanda Mcnamara, School Administration Officer, Dean’s Unit, School of Humanities and Communication Arts, Western Sydney University, Australia, for their support and kind cooperation to the arrangement of travel funding for the field study. I cannot continue without thanking Ms. Heleana Wauchope, Teacher at Mamaruni School, Croker Island, Northern Territory, Australia, who assisted me to conduct an experiment among Kunwinjku students, residing in the community of Minjilang. This project would have not been possible without her support and great effort to arrange the Kunwinjku participants in the experiment. I am also thankful to Dr. Aug Si (University of Cologne) and Prof. Nicholas Evans (Australian National University) for their help with the transcription of the Kunwinjku data. Thanks to all the children who participated in the experiments. I am also thankful to those parents who allowed and encouraged their children to participate in the project. Also thanks to Mr. Damien Moran, Principal, Ashfield Public School, New South Wales, Australia, who permitted me to conduct a baseline test in the school. I am thankful to all the team members, particularly Mr. Arjun Akheli Chhetry, Mr. Arun Gautam and Mr. Jhalak Gurung, of Opera Academy Pty Ltd, Sydney, Australia, who permitted me to use their office printer and encouraged me to complete the study successfully. Finally, I would like to thank all my family members whose motivation and support during the project was invaluable. Statement of Authentication I declare that the work presented in this research is original and of my own effort. The content of the thesis, to the best of my knowledge and belief, except where due reference is cited in the text. I hereby certify that I have not submitted this thesis before, either in full or in part, for a degree at this or any other university. ___________________ Signature Gopal Singh Sijapati June 16, 2017 Table of Contents Dedication Acknowledgements Statement of Authentication Table of Contents …………………………………………………………………………i List of Tables ……………………………………………………………………………..iv List of Figures ……………………………………………………………………............v Abbreviations …………………………………………………………………………….vi Abstract ………………………………………………………………………………….viii Prologue …………………………………………………………………………………..x Chapter 1 – Introduction ………………………………………………...1 1 General Background ………………………………………………………………......1 1.1 Research Aims and Questions ……………………………………………………..4 1.2 Research Setting …………………………………………………………………….4 1.3 Methodology ………………………………………………………………………….5 1.4 Limitations …………………………………………………………………………….5 1.5 Thesis Structure …………………………………………………………………......6 1.6 Conclusion ……………………………………………………………………………7 Chapter 2 – Home Language in Primary School Education……….8 2.1 Definitions of Home Language …………………………………………………….8 2.2 Medium of Instruction ……………………………………………………………….9 2.3 Significance of Instructing in Home Language ………………………………….10 2.3.1 Cognitive Advantages ………………………………………………………...10 2.3.2 Reduction in Student Drop-out ………………………………………………15 2.3.3 Development of Self-esteem ………………………………………………...16 2.3.4 A Case Study from Papua New Guinea ……………………………………17 2.3.5 Māori Immersion and Revitalisation: A Case Study from New Zealand…19 2.4 Language and Identity ……………………………………………………………..20 i 2.4.1 The Kunwinjku Speaking People on Croker Island ………………………..21 2.4.2 Language Endangerment and Shift in Australia …………………………...22 2.4.3 Language Policy in the Northern Territory ……………………………........25 2.4.4 Conclusion to Language and Identity …………………………………........30 Chapter 3 – Home Language in Mathematics Education ………...31 3.1 Linguistic Relativity …………………………………………………………………31 3.2 Reviewing the Model of Culturally Responsive Education …………………….32 3.3 The Role of Home Language in Mathematics Education ……………………...34 3.4 Mathematics and Culture ………………………………………………………….36 3.4.1 Ethnomathematics ……………………………………………………………..37 3.4.2 Spatial Language as a Cultural Construct …………………………………..38 3.4.3 Spatial Thought in the Northern Territory Curriculum Framework………...39 3.4.4 Frame of Reference ……………………………………………………………40 3.5 Introduction to Kunwinjku ……………………………………………………........41 3.6 Conclusion …………………………………………………………………………..44 Chapter 4 – Methodology ………………………………………………45 4.1 Research Design …………………………………………………………………...45 4.2 Methods ……………………………………………………………………………..46 4.2.1 Experimental Tool …………………………………………………………….46 4.2.2 The Animals in a Row Matching Task……………………………………….47 4.2.3 Limitations of the Task ………………………………………………………..49 4.3 Sample Procedure …………………………………………………………………49 4.3.1 Participants ………………………………………………………………........49 4.3.2 Participant Consent …………………………………………………………...51 4.3.3 Limitations of Sample Population ……………………………………………51 4.4 Stimuli and Procedure ……………………………………………………………..51 4.5 Data Processing ……………………………………………………………………52 4.6 Process of Data Analysis …………………………………………………............53 4.7 Ethical Considerations ……………………………………………………………..54 ii Chapter 5 – Data Analysis and Interpretation ……………………...55 5.1 Mathematical Concepts Tested in Experiments ………………………………...55 5.2 Coding of Data ……………………………………………………………………...56 5.3 Animals’ Names in Kunwinjku Used in the Task ………………………………..56 5.4 Approach to Glossing ……………………………………………………………...57 5.5 Mathematical Performance of Control Group …………………………………...57 5.6 Mathematical Performance of Experimental Group …………………………….58 5.6.1 Kunwinjku Students’ Performance in English (Session I of Experiment 2) ………………………………………………………………………………………….59 5.6.2 Kunwinjku Students’ Performance in English after Kunwinjku Instruction …………………………………………………………………………………………..59 5.6.3 Comparing Scores Achieved by Kunwinjku Students Before and After Getting Kunwinjku Medium Instruction: The Dependent One Tailed (Paired Sample) t-test ………………………………………………………………….61 5.6.4 Comparison Between the Results of Experiment 1 and Experiment 2…..64 5.6.5 Kunwinjku Students’ Performance on Mathematical Concepts Corresponding to Ordinality and Spatial Skills ……………………………..64 5.7 Conclusion ………………………………………………………………………….65 Chapter 6 – Findings, Discussion and Recommendations ……...67 6.1 Major Findings from Experiment 1 ……………………………………………….67 6.2 Main Findings from Experiment 2 ………………………………………………..68 6.3 Findings from Observations ……………………………………………………….69 6.4 Discussion …………………………………………………………………………..70 6.5 Significance ………………………………………………………………………...73 6.6 Implications and Recommendations ……………………………………………..74 6.7 Limitations …………………………………………………………………………..75 6.8 Conclusion …………………………………………………………………………..76 References ………………………………………………………………………..........77 Glossary ………………………………………………………………………………...87 Appendices …………………………………………………………………………….91 iii List of Tables Table 1: Total Number of Speakers of Indigenous Languages in NT, Australia Table 2: Participants of Control Group Table 3: Participants of Experimental Group Table 4: List of Vocabulary Corresponding to Ordinality and Spatial Skills Table 5: Sample of Data Codification Table 6: Five Animals’ Names in Kunwinjku with their Corresponding Names in English Table 7: Kunwinjku Students’ Scores in English Table 8: Data Frames Used in the Sessions I and II of Experiment 2 Table 9: Differences Between Pretest Scores Mean and Posttest Scores Mean Table 10: Mean Difference and Standard Deviation
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Borrowing, Sound Change and Reduplication in Iwaidja
    Doubled up all over again: borrowing, sound change and reduplication in Iwaidja Nicholas Evans Department of Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies Australian National University [email protected] Abstract This article examines the interactions between reduplication, sound change, and borrowing, as played out in the Iwaidja language of Cobourg Peninsula, Arnhem Land, in Northern Australia, a non-Pama-Nyungan language of the Iwaidjan family. While Iwaidja traditionally makes use of (various types of) right-reduplication, contact with two other left-reduplicating languages – one Australian (Bininj Gun-wok) and one Austronesian (Makassarese) – has led to the introduction of several (non-productive) left-reduplicating patterns. At the same time as these new patterns have been entering the language, the cumulative effect of sweeping sound changes within Iwaidja has complicated the transparency of reduplicative outputs. This has left the language with an extremely varied and complicated set of reduplication types, for some of which the analysis is no longer synchronically recoverable by children. Keywords: Australian languages, Iwaidja, language contact, directionality, Makassarese, reanalysis 1. Introduction Despite growing interest in language contact on the one hand, and reduplication on the other, there has been little research to date on how diachrony and language contact impact upon reduplicative patterns. 1 In this article I examine precisely this theme, as played out in the Iwaidja language of Cobourg Peninsula, Arnhem Land, in Northern Australia, a non-Pama-Nyungan language of the Iwaidjan family spoken by around 150 people now mostly living on and around Croker Island in the Northern Territory (see Evans 2000 for a survey of this family).
    [Show full text]
  • Sorry Day Is a Day Where We Remember the Stolen Generations
    Aboriginal Heritage Office Yarnuping Education Series Ku-ring-gai, Lane Cove, North Sydney, Northern Beaches, Strathfield and Willoughby Councils © Copyright Aboriginal Heritage Office www.aboriginalheritage.org Yarnuping 5 Sorry Day 26th May 2020 Karen Smith Education Officer Sorry Day is a day where we remember the Stolen Generations. Protection & Assimilation Policies Have communities survived the removal of children? The systematic removal and cultural genocide of children has an intergenerational, devastating effect on families and communities. Even Aboriginal people put into the Reserves and Missions under the Protectionist Policies would hide their children in swamps or logs. Families and communities would colour their faces to make them darker. Not that long after the First Fleet arrived in 1788, a large community of mixed ancestry children could be found in Sydney. They were named ‘Friday’, ‘Johnny’, ‘Betty’, and denied by their white fathers. Below is a writing by David Collins who witnessed this occurring: “The venereal disease also has got among them, but I fear our people have to answer for that, for though I believe none of our women had connection with them, yet there is no doubt that several of the Black women had not scrupled to connect themselves with the white men. Of the certainty of this extraordinary instance occurred. A native woman had a child by one of our people. On its coming into the world she perceived a difference in its colour, for which not knowing how to account, she endeavoured to supply by art what she found deficient in nature, and actually held the poor babe, repeatedly over the smoke of her fire, and rubbed its little body with ashes and dirt, to restore it to the hue with which her other children has been born.
    [Show full text]
  • Downloaded from Brill.Com09/30/2021 10:48:31PM Via Free Access
    journal of language contact 11 (2018) 71-112 brill.com/jlc The Development of Phonological Stratification: Evidence from Stop Voicing Perception in Gurindji Kriol and Roper Kriol Jesse Stewart University of Saskatchewan [email protected] Felicity Meakins University of Queensland [email protected] Cassandra Algy Karungkarni Arts [email protected] Angelina Joshua Ngukurr Language Centre [email protected] Abstract This study tests the effect of multilingualism and language contact on consonant perception. Here, we explore the emergence of phonological stratification using two alternative forced-choice (2afc) identification task experiments to test listener perception of stop voicing with contrasting minimal pairs modified along a 10-step continuum. We examine a unique language ecology consisting of three languages spo- ken in Northern Territory, Australia: Roper Kriol (an English-lexifier creole language), Gurindji (Pama-Nyungan), and Gurindji Kriol (a mixed language derived from Gurindji and Kriol). In addition, this study focuses on three distinct age groups: children (group i, 8>), preteens to middle-aged adults (group ii, 10–58), and older adults (group iii, 65+). Results reveal that both Kriol and Gurindji Kriol listeners in group ii contrast the labial series [p] and [b]. Contrarily, while alveolar [t] and velar [k] were consis- tently identifiable by the majority of participants (74%), their voiced counterparts ([d] and [g]) showed random response patterns by 61% of the participants. Responses © Jesse Stewart et al., 2018 | doi 10.1163/19552629-01101003 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the prevailing cc-by-nc license at the time of publication.
    [Show full text]
  • Thesis FINAL DRAFT
    Breaking up is hard to do: Teasing apart morphological complexity in Iwaidja and Maung A thesis submitted by Amos Teo Under the supervision of Professor Nick Evans i This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts (Honours) in the Department of Linguistics and Applied Linguistics of the University of Melbourne. Work presented herein is the original work of the author, unless otherwise acknowledged. Amos Teo November 2007 ii Acknowledgements My deepest gratitude goes to Nick Evans who agreed to take on the role of supervisor in late March of 2007, when I had neither a supervisor nor a thesis topic (due to certain unforeseen complications). It is thanks to his tremendous encouragement and his knowledge and passion for linguistics that I have started to consider a future in this field of study. I am grateful to the department for its support and for the opportunity to present my initial findings at a lunchtime seminar I gave in August of this year. I thank the people who attended and offered comments on my analyses. I also thank Bruce Birch for his quick replies to all my emails and for his insightful observations and comments. I would also like to mention all the friends and classmates who have made the past year special. Special mention goes to Aung Si for taking the time to read through this thesis and for attending my lunchtime seminar. I thank all my classmates, especially Sara Ciesielski, Thomas Mendelovits, Annie Unger and Stephanie Campisi for their sympathy and support.
    [Show full text]
  • Indigenous Women's Preferences for Climate Change Adaptation And
    Indigenous women’s preferences for climate change adaptation and aquaculture development to build capacity in the Northern Territory Final Report Lisa Petheram, Ann Fleming, Natasha Stacey, and Anne Perry Indigenous women’s preferences for climate change adaptation and aquaculture development to build capacity in the Northern Territory Charles Darwin University Northern Territory Government Australian National University LISA PETHERAM, ANN FLEMING, NATASHA STACEY AND ANNE PERRY Published by the National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility ISBN: 978-1-925039-55-9 NCCARF Publication 84/13 © 2013 Charles Darwin University This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission from the copyright holder. Please cite this report as: Petheram, L, Fleming, A, Stacey, N and Perry, A 2013 Indigenous women’s preferences for climate change adaptation and aquaculture development to build capacity in the Northern Territory, National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility, Gold Coast, pp. 44. Acknowledgement This work was carried out with financial support from the Australian Government (Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency) and the National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility. The views expressed herein are not necessarily the views of the Commonwealth or NCCARF, and neither the Commonwealth nor NCCARF accept responsibility for information or advice contained herein. The role of NCCARF is to lead the research community in a national interdisciplinary effort to generate the information needed by decision-makers in government, business and in vulnerable sectors and communities to manage the risk of climate change impacts. The authors would like to express their gratitude to the Warruwi community for their participation and support in this project.
    [Show full text]
  • 14 Annu a L Repo
    20 t R l Repo A 14 Annu The Centre of Excellence for the Dynamics of Language is an ARC funded centre of excellence (CE140100041). College of Asia and the Pacifc The Australian National Unviersity H.C. Coombs Building Fellows Road, Acton ACT 2601 Email: [email protected] Phone: (02) 6125 9376 www.dynamicsofanguage.edu.au www.facebook.com/CoEDL © ARC Centre of Excellence for the Dynamics of Language 2014 Design: Sculpt Communications ARC Centre of excellence for the Dynamics of language Annual Report 2014 table of contents Section 1: The Centre 7 Section 2: People 25 Section 3: Research 49 Section 4: Education, Training and Mentoring 75 Section 5: Outreach and Engagement 81 Section 6: Outputs 90 Section 7: Financials 103 Section 8: Performance indicators 105 7 one on I t C e S 01tHe CentRe HEADING HEADING Introducing the ARC Centre of excellence for the Dynamics of language 8 Using language is as natural as breathing, and almost as important, for using language transforms every aspect of human experience. But it has been extraordinarily diffcult to understand its evolution, diversifcation, and use: a vast array of incredibly different language systems are found across the planet, all representing different solutions to the problem of evolving a fexible, all-purpose communication system, and all in constant fux. The ARC Centre of Excellence for the To achieve this transformation of the Dynamics of Language (CoEDL) will shift language sciences and the fow-on the focus of the language sciences from the translational outcomes for the public and long-held dominant view that language is a end-users, we have assembled a team which static and genetically constrained system — makes surprising and bold connections to a dynamic model where diversity, variation, between areas of research that until now plasticity and evolution, along with complex have not been connected: linguistics, interactions between language-learning and speech pathology, psychology, anthropology, perceptual and cognitive processes, lie at the philosophy, bioinformatics and robotics.
    [Show full text]
  • A Distinctive Voice in the Antipodes: Essays in Honour of Stephen A. Wild
    ESSAYS IN HONOUR OF STEPHEN A. WILD Stephen A. Wild Source: Kim Woo, 2015 ESSAYS IN HONOUR OF STEPHEN A. WILD EDITED BY KIRSTY GILLESPIE, SALLY TRELOYN AND DON NILES Published by ANU Press The Australian National University Acton ACT 2601, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at press.anu.edu.au National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Title: A distinctive voice in the antipodes : essays in honour of Stephen A. Wild / editors: Kirsty Gillespie ; Sally Treloyn ; Don Niles. ISBN: 9781760461119 (paperback) 9781760461126 (ebook) Subjects: Wild, Stephen. Essays. Festschriften. Music--Oceania. Dance--Oceania. Aboriginal Australian--Songs and music. Other Creators/Contributors: Gillespie, Kirsty, editor. Treloyn, Sally, editor. Niles, Don, editor. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design and layout by ANU Press. Cover photograph: ‘Stephen making a presentation to Anbarra people at a rom ceremony in Canberra, 1995’ (Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies). This edition © 2017 ANU Press A publication of the International Council for Traditional Music Study Group on Music and Dance of Oceania. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are advised that this book contains images and names of deceased persons. Care should be taken while reading and viewing. Contents Acknowledgements . vii Foreword . xi Svanibor Pettan Preface . xv Brian Diettrich Stephen A . Wild: A Distinctive Voice in the Antipodes . 1 Kirsty Gillespie, Sally Treloyn, Kim Woo and Don Niles Festschrift Background and Contents .
    [Show full text]
  • Final Report
    final report knowledge for managing Australian landscapes Kantri is for Laif (Country is for Life) A Strategy for the Promotion of Indigenous Knowledge and the Development of Indigenous Livelihoods on the Remote north Australian Indigenous Estate. A Land & Water Australia, CRC-TSM and NAILSMA Project Initiative Published by Land & Water Australia Product Code PN30198 Postal address GPO Box 2182, Canberra ACT 2601 Office location Level 1, The Phoenix 86 Northbourne Avenue, Braddon ACT 2612 Telephone 02 6263 6000 Email [email protected] Internet www.lwa.gov.au © Commonwealth of Australia, July 2009 Disclaimer The information contained in this publication is intended for general use, to assist public knowledge and discussion and to help improve the sustainable management of land, water and vegetation. It includes general statements based on scientific research. Readers are advised and need to be aware that this information may be incomplete or unsuitable for use in specific situations. Before taking any action or decision based on the information in this publication, readers should seek expert professional, scientific and technical advice and form their own view of the applicability and correctness of the information. To the extent permitted by law, the Commonwealth of Australia, Land & Water Australia (including its employees and consultants), and the authors of this publication do not assume liability of any kind whatsoever resulting from any person’s use or reliance upon the content of this publication. Kantri is for Laif (Country is for Life) Na‐ja narnu‐yuwa narnu‐walkurra barra, wirrimalaru, barni‐wardimantha, Barni‐ngalngandaya, nakari wabarrangu li‐wankala, li‐ngambalanga kuku, li‐ngambalanga murimuri, li‐ngambalanga ngabuji, li‐ngambalanga kardirdi kalu‐kanthaninya na‐ja narnu‐yuwa, jiwini awarala, anthaa yurrngumantha barra.
    [Show full text]
  • 2 Sociohistorical Context
    2 Sociohistorical context 2.1 Introduction This chapter presents sociohistorical data from the Roper River region from the 1840s to the 1960s. The aim of this chapter is to determine when and how a creole language evolved in the Roper River region and what role the pastoral industry may have played. Chapter 2 expands on Harris (1986), which is to date the most comprehensive sociohistorical study of pidgin and creole emergence in the Northern Territory. This work complemented Sandefur (1986) and provided background to other studies such as Munro (2000). Harris (1986) uses sociohistorical data from the 1840s-1900s from the early settlements in the vicinity of present day Darwin and the coastal regions in contact with the Macassans to describe the development and stabilisation of Northern Territory Pidgin (NT Pidgin) by the 1900s. Harris (1986) also describes the cattle industry invasion, as well as the establishment of the Roper River Mission (RRM), which led to the suggestion that abrupt creole genesis occurred in the RRM from 1908. The information in this chapter will contribute to the application of the Transfer Constraints approach to substrate transfer in Kriol in three ways. Firstly, it will provide evidence of which substrate languages had most potential for input in the process of transfer to the NT Pidgin, and ultimately then Kriol. Secondly, the sociohistorical data should suggest how much access to English, as the superstrate language, the substrate language speakers had. And finally, the description of each phase will allow for accurate identification of the timeframes within which transfer and levelling (as discussed in chapter 1) occurred.
    [Show full text]
  • 32 Warumungu (Australian – Pama-Nyungan)
    Warumungu (Australian – Pama-Nyungan) 707 32 Warumungu (Australian – Pama-Nyungan) JANE SIMPSON 1 Introduction Warumungu is a language spoken by a few hundred people in the central part of the Northern Territory of Australia around Tennant Creek. The speakers have suffered greatly from the invasion of their country and their dispossession. Through some successful land claims, they have regained some of this country, and many continue to work to overcome the tragic effects of the invasion on their families, health, culture and language. The language is undergoing rapid change (as are many surviving Australian languages), and the morphology used by younger speakers differs greatly from that used by older speakers. The analysis here is based largely on analysis of older speakers’ speech as in Hale 1959 and Heath 1977. (For annotated list of abbreviations used in this chapter, see appendix at end of chapter.) Warumungu is a Pama-Nyungan language.1 It is both a neighbour and a close relative of Warlpiri, whose morphology has been widely discussed (e.g. K. Hale 1973b, 1982, 1983; Nash 1986). Like Warlpiri and many other Pama- Nyungan languages, Warumungu is a suffixing language (although new verbs may be formed by compounding ‘preverbs’ with the verb root). Phonologically, Warumungu is set apart by the presence of three realizations of stops. Gram- matically, it is a language with an Ergative-Absolutive case-marking system, but with subject–object cross-referencing by pronominal clusters. Word order is reserved mostly for pragmatic functions, while the main grammatical func- tions are expressed by nominal suffixes and pronominal clusters.
    [Show full text]
  • Information Bulletin
    Information Bulletin Ministry of Health, NSW 73 Miller Street North Sydney NSW 2060 Locked Mail Bag 961 North Sydney NSW 2059 Telephone (02) 9391 9000 Fax (02) 9391 9101 http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/policies/ space space Country of Birth and Preferred Language Classification Codeset Updates - Effective 1 July 2017 space Document Number IB2017_007 Publication date 24-Feb-2017 Functional Sub group Corporate Administration - Information and data Clinical/ Patient Services - Information and data Summary This Information Bulletin advises of updates to the NSW Country of Birth and Preferred Language codesets for the purposes of admitted patient, emergency department and other client registration data collections across NSW. Author Branch Health System Information & Performance Reporting Branch contact Health System Information & Performance 0293919388 Applies to Local Health Districts, Board Governed Statutory Health Corporations, Specialty Network Governed Statutory Health Corporations, Ministry of Health, Public Hospitals Audience Data collection units, patient administration system manager/developers, health information managers Distributed to Public Health System, Ministry of Health Review date 24-Feb-2022 Policy Manual Not applicable File No. 16/4437 Status Active Director-General INFORMATION BULLETIN COUNTRY OF BIRTH AND PREFERRED LANGUAGE CLASSIFICATION CODESET UPDATES – EFFECTIVE 1 JULY 2017 PURPOSE The purpose of this Information Bulletin is to inform NSW Health service providers and source system administrators of changes to the classification and code set standards for Country of Birth and Preferred language. The revised codesets are applicable for the Client Contact Data Stream, and all data collections and data streams which contain the relevant data items. KEY INFORMATION As of 1 July 2017, two classifications are being updated with revisions to the current NSW Health codesets: Country of Birth and Preferred Language.
    [Show full text]
  • Linguistic Fieldwork 121
    OXFORD HANDBOOKS IN LINGUISTICS THE OXFORD HANDBOOK OF The Oxford Handbook of Applied linguistics Second edition Edited by Robert B. Kaplan The Oxford Handbook of Case Edited by Andrej MalchukoY and Andrew Spencer LINGUISTIC The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics Edited by Dirk Geeraerts and Hubert Cuyckens The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Syntax Edited by Guglielmo Cinque and Richard $. Kayne FIELDWORK The Oxford Handbook of Compounding Edited by Rochelle Lieber and Pavol Stekauer The Oxford Handbook of Computational Linguistics Edited by Ruslan Mitkov The Oxford Handbook of Compositionality Edited by Markus Werning, Edouard Machery, and Wolfram Hinzen The Oxford Handbook of Field Linguistics Edited by Edited by Nicholas Thieberger NICHOLAS THIEBERGER The Oxford Handbook of Grammaticalization Edited by HeLko Narrog and Bernd Heine The Oxford Handbook of Japanese Linguistics Edited by Shigeru Miyagawa and Mamow Saito The Oxford Handbook of Laboratory Phonology Edited by Abigail C. Cohn, Cecile Fougeron, and Marie Hoffman The Oxford Handbook of Language Evolution Edited by Maggie Tallerman and Kathleen Gibson The Oxford Handbook of Language and Law Edited by Lawrence Solan amd Peter Tiersma The Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Analysis Edited by Bernd Heine and HeLko Narrog The Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Interfaces Edited by Gillian Ramchand and Charles Reiss The Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Minimalism Edited by Cedric Boeckx The Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Typology Edited by lae lung Song The Oxford Handbook ofTranslation Studies Edited by Kirsten Malmkjaer and Kevin Windle OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford.
    [Show full text]