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Appendix 1: Bibliographic List of Plant Species Interactions in the Sonoran Desert

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Appendix 1: Bibliographic List of Plant Species Interactions in the Sonoran Desert Appendix 1: Bibliographic List of Plant Species Interactions in the Sonoran Desert Kinds of interactions and respective citations (in the same order as presented in the main text): two forms of antagonism, (i) plant-herbivore and (ii) plant host-parasite interactions, and five forms of mutualism, (iii) plant-pollinator, (iv) plant-seed disperser, (v) plant- protective agent, (vi) plant-plant, and (vii) plant-microbe interactions. (i) Plant-Herbivore Interactions —Mammal herbivory (e.g., McAuliffe 1986; Brown et al. 1972; Steenbergh and Lowe 1977; Hayes et al. 2013) —Insect herbivory, in general (e.g., Lightfoot and Whitford 1989, 1990, 1991; Karban 1993; Duval and Whitford 2008; Miller et al. 2009) —Insect herbivory by leaf cutter ants (Mintzer 1979; Wetterer et al. 2001) —Florivory (McIntosh 2002) —Pollen plundering (Ness 2006; Holland et al. 2011) —Nectar robbing (Richardson 2004a,b) —Seed consumption (Davidson 1977; Brown and Davidson 1977; Mares and Rosenzweig 1978; Brown et al. 1979; Reichman 1979; Inouye et al. 1980; Davidson et al. 1984; McAuliffe 1990; Price and Joyner 1997; Brown 1998) —Frugivory (review by Bronstein et al. 2007) —Galling insects (see next section, ii) (ii) Plant Host-Parasite Interactions —Desert mistletoe (Phoradendron californicum, Glazner et al. 1988; Aukema and Martínez del Rio 2002; Aukema 2003, 2004) —Broomrape (Orobanche ludoviciana, Musselman 1980) —Sandfood (Pholisma sonorae, Nabhan 1980) —Galling wasps (Fernandes and Price 1988; Price et al. 1994; Marchosky and Craig 2004) (iii) Plant-Pollinator Mutualisms —Pollinators (Chambers et al. 2004) —Pollination by bees, with focus on plants (Waser 1979; McIntosh 2005; Cane et al. 2013) —Pollination by bees, with focus on bees (e.g., Alcock 1980; Chappell 1982; Cooper et al. 1985; Alcock and Smith 1987; Buchmann et al. 1996; Minckley et al. 2003) —Pollination by hawkmoths (e.g., Raguso and Willis 2003, 2005; Raguso et al. 2003) —Pollination of yuccas (Yucca and Hesperoyucca) by yucca moths (Tegeticula and Parategeticula) (Keeley et al. 1984; Kiester et al. 1984; Addicott 1986; Turner et al. 1995, 2005; Pellmyr 1999, 2003; Good-Avila et al. 2006; Althoff et al. 2007; Smith et al. 2008) —Pollination of figs by fig wasps (Gates and Nason 2012; Smith and Bronstein 1996) —Pollination of columnar cacti by bats (Fleming et al. 2001; Simmons and Wetterer 2002; Bustamante et al. 2010; Fleming and Kress 2011), hawkmoths (Clark-Tapia and Molina- Freaner 2003, 2004), moths (Holland and Fleming 1999), hummingbirds (Johnsgard 1983), and other birds (McGregor et al. 1962) (iv) Plant-Seed Disperser Mutualisms —Dispersal by bats, rodents, and other mammals (Sherbrooke 1976; McAuliffe 1990; Fleming and Sosa 1994; Rojas-Aréchiga and Vázquez-Yanes 2000; Muscarella and Fleming 2007) —Dispersal by birds (e.g., Larson 1996; Aukema 2004; Carlo and Tewksbury 2014) —Dispersal by lizards (Sosa-Fernandez 1997) —Dispersal by ants (Ness and Bressmer 2005) (v) Plant-Protective-Agent Mutualisms (i.e., extrafloral nectary [EFN]-ant protection mutualisms) —Protection mutualisms in cacti (Ferocactus, Blom and Clark 1980; Ruffner and Clark 1986; Ness et al. 2006, 2009; Chamberlain and Holland 2008; Ludka 2009; Cylindropuntia [= syn. Opuntia], Pickett and Clark 1979; Lophocereus [= syn. Pachycereus] schottii, Holland et al. 2009) —Protection mutualisms in desert cotton (Gossypium thurberi, e.g., Rudgers et al. 2003, Rudgers 2004; Rudgers and Gardener 2004) —Protection mutualisms at the community scale (Chamberlain et al. 2010) —Protection mutualisms from the ant’s perspective (Lanan and Bronstein 2013) (vi) Plant-Plant Interactions —Ability to form resource islands (e.g., Carrillo-Garcia et al. 1999; Suzan et al. 1996) —Cacti and their nurse plants: saguaro (McAuliffe 1984; Medeiros and Drezner 2012; see Drezner 2014 and literature therein), other cacti (giant cardon, Pachycereus pringlei, Suzan-Azpiri and Sosa 2006; senita cactus, Lophocereus [= syn. Pachycereus] schotii, Holland and Molina-Freaner 2013; barrel cactus, Ferocactus acanthodes, Franco and Nobel 1989; Sonoran night-blooming cereus, Peniocereus striatus, Suzan et al. 1994) (vii) Plant-Microbe Interactions —Endo- and ectomycorrhizal and dark septate fungi (Allen et al. 1981; Barrow et al. 1997a,b; Carrillo-Garcia et al. 1999; Stutz et al. 2000; Bashan et al. 2007; Bills and Stutz 2009) —Rhizobial bacteria in legume plant roots (Shearer et al. 1983; Shoushtari and Pepper 1985; Jenkins et al. 1987, 1988, 1989; Jenkins 2003) —Endophytic bacteria (Puente and Bashan 1994; Puente et al. 2009a,b; Lopez et al. 2012) —Endophytic fungi (Suryanarayanan et al. 2005; Hoffman and Arnold 2008, 2010; Riddle and Arnold 2011; Lau et al. 2013; Massimo et al. 2015) —Other beneficial rhizosphere and rhizoplane microorganisms (Puente et al. 2004a,b; Andrew et al. 2012) —Biological soil crusts (Bates et al. 2011; Strauss et al. 2012) Supplemental Bibliography Addicott, J. F. (1986) Variation in the costs and benefits of mutualism: The interaction between yuccas and yucca moths. Ecology 70:486–494. Alcock, J. (1980) Natural selection and the mating systems of solitary bees. American Scientist 68:146–153. Alcock, J., and Smith, A. P. (1987) Hilltopping, leks and female choice in the carpenter bee Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) varipuncta. Journal of Zoology 211:1–10. Allen, M. F., Smith, W. K, Moore, T. S., and Christensen, M. (1981) Comparative water relations and photosynthesis of mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal Bouteloua gracilis H.B.K. Lag ex Steud. New Phytologist 88:683–693. Althoff, D. M., Svensson, G. P., and Pellmyr, O. (2007) The influence of interaction type and feeding location on the phylogeographic structure of the yucca moth community associated with Hesperoyucca whipplei. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 43:398– 406. Andrew, D. R., Fitak, R. R., Munguia-Vega, A., Racolta, A., Martinson, V. G., and Dontsova, K. (2012) Abiotic factors shape microbial diversity in Sonoran Desert soils. Applied and Environmental Biology 78:7527–7537. Aukema, J. E. (2003) Vectors, viscin, and Viscaceae: Mistletoes as parasites, mutualists, and resources. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 1:212–219. Aukema, J. E. (2004) Distribution and dispersal of desert mistletoe is scale-dependent, hierarchically nested. Ecography 27:137–144. Aukema, J. E., and Martínez del Rio, C. (2002) Where does a fruit-eating bird deposit mistletoe seeds? Seed deposition patterns and an experiment. Ecology 83:3489–3496. 1 Barrow, J. R., Havstad, K. M., and McCaslin, B. D. (1997a) Fungal root endophytes in fourwing saltbush, Atriplex canescens, on arid rangelands of Southwestern USA. Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation 11:177–185. Barrow, J. R., Havstad K. M., Hubstenberger J., and McCaslin B. D. (1997b) Seed-borne fungal endophytes on fourwing saltbush, Atriplex canescens. Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation 11:307–314. Bashan, Y., Khaosaad, T., Salazar, B. G., Ocampo, J. A., Wiemken, A., Oehl, F., and Vierheilig, H. (2007) Mycorrhizal characterization of the boojum tree, Fouquieria columnaris, an endemic ancient tree from the Baja California Peninsula, Mexico. Trees Structure and Function 21:329–335. Bates, S. T., Nash, T. H., and Garcia-Pichel, F. (2011) Patterns of diversity for fungal assemblages of biological soil crusts from the southwestern United States. Mycologia 104:353–361. Bills, R. J., and Stutz, J. C. (2009) AMF associated with indigenous and non-indigenous plants at urban and desert sites in Arizona. In Mycorrhizas: Functional Processes and Ecological Impact. Springer, Berlin. Pp. 207–220. Blom, P. E., and Clark, W. H. (1980) Observations of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) visiting extrafloral nectaries of the barrel cactus, Ferocactus gracilis Gates (Cactaceae), in Baja California, Mexico. Southwestern Naturalist 25:181–195. Bronstein, J. L., Izhaki, I., Nathan, R., Tewksbury, J. J., Spiegel, O., Lotan, A., Altstein, O., Dennis, A. J., Schupp, E. W., and Green R. J. (2007) Fleshy-fruited plants and frugivores desert ecosystems. In Dennis, A.J., Schupp, E.W., Green, R.A., and Westcott, D. A. 2 (eds.), Seed Dispersal: Theory and Its Application in a Changing World. CAB International, Wallingford, U.K. Pp. 148–177. Brown, J. H. (1998) The desert granivory experiments at Portal. In Resetarits, W. L., Jr., and Bernardo, J. (eds.), Issues and Perspectives in Experimental Ecology. Oxford University Press, Oxford. Pp. 71–95. Brown, J. H., and Davidson, D. W. (1977) Competition between seed-eating rodents and ants in desert ecosystems. Science 196(4292):880–882. Brown, J. H., Lieberman, G. A., and Dengler, W. F. (1972) Woodrats and cholla: Dependence of a small mammal population on the density of cacti. Ecology 53:310–313. Brown, J. H., Reichman, O. J., and Davidson D. W. (1979) Granivory in desert ecosystems. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 10:201–227. Buchmann, S. L., Matheson, A., O'Toole, C., Westrich, P., and Williams, I. H. (1996) Competition between honey bees and native bees in the Sonoran Desert and global bee conservation issues. In The Conservation of Bees. The Linnean Society of London and the International Bee Research Association. Academic Press, London. Pp. 125–142. Bustamante, E., Casas, A., and Burquez, A. (2010) Geographic variation in reproductive success of Stenocereus thurberi (Cactaceae): Effects of pollination timing and pollinator guild. American Journal of Botany 97:2020–2030. Cane, J. H., Kervin, L. J., and McKinley, R. (2013) Sensitivity of systematic net sampling for detecting shifting patterns of incidence and abundance
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