S1 the Three Areas of Importance for the Fruticose Ramalinaceae.FINAL
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Aportes Al Conocimiento De La Biota Liquénica Del Oasis De Neblina De Alto Patache, Desierto De Atacama1
Revista de Geografía Norte Grande, 68: 49-64 (2017) Artículos Aportes al conocimiento de la biota liquénica del oasis de neblina de Alto Patache, Desierto de Atacama1 Reinaldo Vargas Castillo2, Daniel Stanton3 y Peter R. Nelson4 RESUMEN Los denominados oasis de neblina son áreas en las zonas costeras del Desierto de Ataca- ma donde el ingreso habitual de niebla permite el establecimiento y desarrollo de diver- sas poblaciones de plantas vasculares, generando verdaderos hotspots de diversidad. En estas áreas, la biota liquenológica ha sido poco explorada y representa uno de los ele- mentos perennes más importantes que conforman la comunidad. En un estudio previo de la biota del oasis de neblina de Alto Patache se reportaron siete especies. Con el fin de mejorar este conocimiento, se analizó la riqueza de especies presentes en el oasis si- guiendo dos transectos altitudinales en diferentes orientaciones del farellón. Aquí repor- tamos preliminarmente 77 especies de líquenes para el oasis de neblina de Alto Patache. De estas, 61 especies corresponden a nuevos registros para la región de Tarapacá, en tanto que las especies Amandinea eff lorescens, Diploicia canescens, Myriospora smarag- dula y Rhizocarpon simillimum corresponden a nuevos registros para el país. Asimismo, se destaca a Alto Patache como la única localidad conocida para Santessonia cervicornis, una especie endémica y en Peligro Crítico. Palabras clave: Oasis de neblina, Desierto de Atacama, líquenes. ABSTRACT Fog oases are zones along the Atacama Desert where the regular input of fog favors the development of rich communities of vascular plants, becoming biodiversity hotspots. In these areas, the lichen biota has been poorly explored and represents one of the most conspicuous elements among the perennials organisms that form the community. -
Foliicolous Lichens and Their Lichenicolous Fungi Collected During the Smithsonian International Cryptogamic Expedition to Guyana 1996
45 Tropical Bryology 15: 45-76, 1998 Foliicolous lichens and their lichenicolous fungi collected during the Smithsonian International Cryptogamic Expedition to Guyana 1996 Robert Lücking Lehrstuhl für Pflanzensystematik, Universität Bayreuth, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany Abstract: A total of 233 foliicolous lichen species and 18 lichenicolous fungi are reported from Guyana as a result of the Smithsonian „International Cryptogamic Expedition to Guyana“ 1996. Three lichens and two lichenicolous fungi are new to science: Arthonia grubei sp.n., Badimia subelegans sp.n., Calopadia pauciseptata sp.n., Opegrapha matzeri sp.n. (lichenicolous on Amazonomyces sprucei), and Pyrenidium santessonii sp.n. (lichenicolous on Bacidia psychotriae). The new combination Strigula janeirensis (Bas.: Phylloporina janeirensis; syn.: Raciborskiella janeirensis) is proposed. Apart from Amazonomyces sprucei and Bacidia psychotriae, Arthonia lecythidicola (with the lichenicolous A. pseudopegraphina) and Byssolecania deplanata (with the lichenicolous Opegrapha cf. kalbii) are reported as new hosts for lichenicolous fungi. Arthonia pseudopegraphina growing on A. lecythidicola is the first known case of adelphoparasitism at generic level in foliicolous Arthonia. Arthonia flavoverrucosa, Badimia polillensis, and Byssoloma vezdanum are new records for the Neotropics, and 115 species are new for Guyana, resulting in a total of c. 280 genuine foliicolous species reported for that country, while Porina applanata and P. verruculosa are excluded from its flora. The foliicolous lichen flora of Guyana is representative for the Guianas (Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana) and has great affinities with the Amazon region, while the degree of endemism is low. A characteristic species for this area is Amazonomyces sprucei. Species composition is typical of Neotropical lowland to submontane humid forests, with a dominance of the genera Porina, Strigula, and Mazosia. -
Lichen Biology
This page intentionally left blank Lichen Biology Lichens are symbiotic organisms in which fungi and algae and/or cyanobacteria form an intimate biological union. This diverse group is found in almost all terrestrial habitats from the tropics to polar regions. In this second edition, four completely new chapters cover recent developments in the study of these fascinating organisms, including lichen genetics and sexual reproduction, stress physiology and symbiosis, and the carbon economy and environmental role of lichens. The whole text has been fully updated, with chapters covering anato- mical, morphological and developmental aspects; the chemistry of the unique secondary metabolites produced by lichens and the contribution of these sub- stances to medicine and the pharmaceutical industry; patterns of lichen photosynthesis and respiration in relation to different environmental condi- tions; the role of lichens in nitrogen fixation and mineral cycling; geographical patterns exhibited by these widespread symbionts; and the use of lichens as indicators of air pollution. This is a valuable reference for both students and researchers interested in lichenology. T H O M A S H . N A S H I I I is Professor of Plant Biology in the School of Life Sciences at Arizona State University. He has over 35 years teaching experience in Ecology, Lichenology and Statistics, and has taught in Austria (Fulbright Fellowship) and conducted research in Australia, Germany (junior and senior von Humbolt Foundation fellowships), Mexico and South America, and the USA. -
Fungal-Algal Interactions in Ramalina Menziesii and Its Associated Epiphytic Lichen Community
The Lichenologist 44(4): 543–560 (2012) 6 British Lichen Society, 2012 doi:10.1017/S0024282912000138 Fungal-algal interactions in Ramalina menziesii and its associated epiphytic lichen community Silke WERTH Abstract: Lichens are a fascinating example of a symbiotic mutualism. It is still uncertain which processes guide fungal-photobiont interactions, and whether they are random or of a more complex nature. Here, the fungal-algal interactions in Ramalina menziesii and co-occurring taxa are analyzed by using DNA sequences of the algal Internal Transcribed Spacer region (ITS), to investigate fungal- algal associations in juvenile R. menziesii and allied species. Algal species were identified by a com- bination of BLAST searches, median-joining network analysis, and Bayesian phylogenetics. Fungal- algal networks were analyzed for nestedness, both at the species and haplotype level (fungal species vs. algal haplotypes), and the networks were inspected for evidence of compartmentalization. Bayesian phylogenetic trees indicated that the widespread green alga Trebouxia decolorans associated with R. menziesii, as well as six other fungal species. Four additional fungal species interacted with four different species of Trebouxia. Only in one out of ten samples were algal haplotypes shared with the nearest neighbours of juvenile R. menziesii. Fungal-algal species interactions were compartmen- talized, while at the level of algal haplotypes, nestedness was found. This pattern is similar to the compartmentalization found in other intimately interacting mutualists. Key words: compartmentalization, lichen-forming fungi, nestedness, photobiont, species interactions, specificity, symbiosis Accepted for publication 7 February 2012 Introduction one-to-one species, as well as haplotype in- teractions, have been analyzed in the lichen Species interactions are a major factor struc- symbiosis. -
H. Thorsten Lumbsch VP, Science & Education the Field Museum 1400
H. Thorsten Lumbsch VP, Science & Education The Field Museum 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Chicago, Illinois 60605 USA Tel: 1-312-665-7881 E-mail: [email protected] Research interests Evolution and Systematics of Fungi Biogeography and Diversification Rates of Fungi Species delimitation Diversity of lichen-forming fungi Professional Experience Since 2017 Vice President, Science & Education, The Field Museum, Chicago. USA 2014-2017 Director, Integrative Research Center, Science & Education, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. Since 2014 Curator, Integrative Research Center, Science & Education, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. 2013-2014 Associate Director, Integrative Research Center, Science & Education, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. 2009-2013 Chair, Dept. of Botany, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. Since 2011 MacArthur Associate Curator, Dept. of Botany, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. 2006-2014 Associate Curator, Dept. of Botany, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. 2005-2009 Head of Cryptogams, Dept. of Botany, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. Since 2004 Member, Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago. Courses: BIOS 430 Evolution (UIC), BIOS 23410 Complex Interactions: Coevolution, Parasites, Mutualists, and Cheaters (U of C) Reading group: Phylogenetic methods. 2003-2006 Assistant Curator, Dept. of Botany, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. 1998-2003 Privatdozent (Assistant Professor), Botanical Institute, University – GHS - Essen. Lectures: General Botany, Evolution of lower plants, Photosynthesis, Courses: Cryptogams, Biology -
One Hundred New Species of Lichenized Fungi: a Signature of Undiscovered Global Diversity
Phytotaxa 18: 1–127 (2011) ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ Monograph PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2011 Magnolia Press ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) PHYTOTAXA 18 One hundred new species of lichenized fungi: a signature of undiscovered global diversity H. THORSTEN LUMBSCH1*, TEUVO AHTI2, SUSANNE ALTERMANN3, GUILLERMO AMO DE PAZ4, ANDRÉ APTROOT5, ULF ARUP6, ALEJANDRINA BÁRCENAS PEÑA7, PAULINA A. BAWINGAN8, MICHEL N. BENATTI9, LUISA BETANCOURT10, CURTIS R. BJÖRK11, KANSRI BOONPRAGOB12, MAARTEN BRAND13, FRANK BUNGARTZ14, MARCELA E. S. CÁCERES15, MEHTMET CANDAN16, JOSÉ LUIS CHAVES17, PHILIPPE CLERC18, RALPH COMMON19, BRIAN J. COPPINS20, ANA CRESPO4, MANUELA DAL-FORNO21, PRADEEP K. DIVAKAR4, MELIZAR V. DUYA22, JOHN A. ELIX23, ARVE ELVEBAKK24, JOHNATHON D. FANKHAUSER25, EDIT FARKAS26, LIDIA ITATÍ FERRARO27, EBERHARD FISCHER28, DAVID J. GALLOWAY29, ESTER GAYA30, MIREIA GIRALT31, TREVOR GOWARD32, MARTIN GRUBE33, JOSEF HAFELLNER33, JESÚS E. HERNÁNDEZ M.34, MARÍA DE LOS ANGELES HERRERA CAMPOS7, KLAUS KALB35, INGVAR KÄRNEFELT6, GINTARAS KANTVILAS36, DOROTHEE KILLMANN28, PAUL KIRIKA37, KERRY KNUDSEN38, HARALD KOMPOSCH39, SERGEY KONDRATYUK40, JAMES D. LAWREY21, ARMIN MANGOLD41, MARCELO P. MARCELLI9, BRUCE MCCUNE42, MARIA INES MESSUTI43, ANDREA MICHLIG27, RICARDO MIRANDA GONZÁLEZ7, BIBIANA MONCADA10, ALIFERETI NAIKATINI44, MATTHEW P. NELSEN1, 45, DAG O. ØVSTEDAL46, ZDENEK PALICE47, KHWANRUAN PAPONG48, SITTIPORN PARNMEN12, SERGIO PÉREZ-ORTEGA4, CHRISTIAN PRINTZEN49, VÍCTOR J. RICO4, EIMY RIVAS PLATA1, 50, JAVIER ROBAYO51, DANIA ROSABAL52, ULRIKE RUPRECHT53, NORIS SALAZAR ALLEN54, LEOPOLDO SANCHO4, LUCIANA SANTOS DE JESUS15, TAMIRES SANTOS VIEIRA15, MATTHIAS SCHULTZ55, MARK R. D. SEAWARD56, EMMANUËL SÉRUSIAUX57, IMKE SCHMITT58, HARRIE J. M. SIPMAN59, MOHAMMAD SOHRABI 2, 60, ULRIK SØCHTING61, MAJBRIT ZEUTHEN SØGAARD61, LAURENS B. SPARRIUS62, ADRIANO SPIELMANN63, TOBY SPRIBILLE33, JUTARAT SUTJARITTURAKAN64, ACHRA THAMMATHAWORN65, ARNE THELL6, GÖRAN THOR66, HOLGER THÜS67, EINAR TIMDAL68, CAMILLE TRUONG18, ROMAN TÜRK69, LOENGRIN UMAÑA TENORIO17, DALIP K. -
Excerpted From
Excerpted from © by the Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. May not be copied or reused without express written permission of the publisher. click here to BUY THIS BOOK CHAPTER ›3 ‹ ROOT STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION Joseph G. Dubrovsky and Gretchen B. North Introduction Structure Primary Structure Secondary Structure Root Types Development and Growth Indeterminate Root Growth Determinate Root Growth Lateral Root Development Root System Development Adaptations to Deserts and Other Arid Environments Root Distribution in the Soil Environmental Effects on Root Development Developmental Adaptations Water and Mineral Uptake Root Hydraulic Conductivity Mineral Uptake Mycorrhizal and Bacterial Associations Carbon Relations Conclusions and Future Prospects Literature Cited rocky or sandy habitats. The goals of this chapter are to re- Introduction view the literature on the root biology of cacti and to pres- From the first moments of a plant’s life cycle, including ent some recent findings. First, root structure, growth, and germination, roots are essential for water uptake, mineral development are considered, then structural and develop- acquisition, and plant anchorage. These functions are es- mental adaptations to desiccating environments, such as pecially significant for cacti, because both desert species deserts and tropical tree canopies, are analyzed, and finally and epiphytes in the cactus family are faced with limited the functions of roots as organs of water and mineral up- and variable soil resources, strong winds, and frequently take are explored. 41 (Freeman 1969). Occasionally, mucilage cells are found in Structure the primary root (Hamilton 1970).Figure3.1nearhere: Cactus roots are less overtly specialized in structure than Differentiation of primary tissues starts soon after cell are cactus shoots. -
OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
2015 OECD Environmental Performance Reviews Mainstreaming BIODIVERSITY into sectoral policies 2011-2016 OECD Environmental Performance Reviews Performance Environmental OECD Br AZIL Consult this publication on line at http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264240094-en. This work is published on the OECD iLibrary, which gathers all OECD books, periodicals and statistical databases. Visit www.oecd-ilibrary.org for more information. 2015 ISBN 978-92-64-24006-3 97 2015 15 1 P 9HSTCQE*ceaagd+ www.oecd.org/environment/country-reviews OECD ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE REVIEWS Mainstreaming biodiversity The OECD Environmental Performance Review (EPR) chapters on biodiversity conservation and sustainable use are intended to assess how well the reviewed country has done in achieving its biodiversity-related objectives, in terms of both environmental effectiveness and economic efficiency of policies and measures, and to provide recommendations for improving future policies and performance. These chapters also include a section on mainstreaming biodiversity into other sectors (such as agriculture, forestry, fisheries, infrastructure, and tourism). Other sections of the biodiversity chapters also deal with mainstreaming (e.g. institutional co-operation, policy instruments), as do other chapters of EPRs, in particular the one on green growth. General structure of OECD EPR chapters on biodiversity: • State and trends in biodiversity/ecosystems • Institutional and regulatory/legal framework • Policy instruments for biodiversity conservation and sustainable use • Mainstreaming biodiversity in other sectors/ policy areas This brochure provides excerpts of the mainstreaming sections of recent OECD EPR chapters on biodiversity, namely from: • Chile (2016) • France (2016 • Brazil (2015) • Spain (2015) • Colombia (2014) • South Africa (2013) • Mexico (2013) • Israel (2011) For further information, please contact: Ivana Capozza ([email protected]), team leader for EPRs Katia Karousakis ([email protected]), team leader for biodiversity and CBD focal point. -
New Erythritol Derivatives from the Fertile Form of Roccella Montagnei
New erythritol derivatives from the fertile form of Roccella montagnei Thuc Huy Duong, Bui Linh Chi Huynh, Warinthorn Chavasiri, Marylene Chollet-Krugler, van Kieu Nguyen, Thi Hoai Thu Nguyen, Poul Erik Hansen, Pierre Le Pogam, Holger Thüs, Joël Boustie, et al. To cite this version: Thuc Huy Duong, Bui Linh Chi Huynh, Warinthorn Chavasiri, Marylene Chollet-Krugler, van Kieu Nguyen, et al.. New erythritol derivatives from the fertile form of Roccella montagnei. Phytochemistry, Elsevier, 2017, 137, pp.156-164. 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.02.012. hal-01501264 HAL Id: hal-01501264 https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01501264 Submitted on 23 Oct 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. New erythritol derivatives from the fertile form of Roccella montagnei Thuc Huy Duong,a Bui Linh Chi Huynh,b Warinthorn Chavasiri,c Marylene Chollet-Krugler,d Van Kieu Nguyen,c Thi Hoai Thu Nguyen,e Poul Erik Hansen,f Pierre Le Pogam,d,g Holger Thüs,h Joël Boustie,d* and Kim Phi Phung Nguyenb* a Department of Chemistry, Ho Chi Minh City University of Pedagogy, 280 An Duong Vuong Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City 748342, Vietnam, b Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Science, National University – Ho Chi Minh City, 227 Nguyen Van Cu Str., Dist. -
Santessonia Cervicornis (Follmann) Follmann NOMBRE COMÚN: Sin Nombre Común
FICHA DE ANTECEDENTES DE ESPECIE Id especie: NOMBRE CIENTÍFICO: Santessonia cervicornis (Follmann) Follmann NOMBRE COMÚN: Sin nombre común Santessonia cervicornis (Autor: Reinaldo Vargas Castillo) Reino: Fungi Orden: Teloschistales Phyllum/División: Ascomycota Familia: Caliciaceae Clase: Lecanoromycetes Género: Santessonia Sinonimia: Roccella cervicornis Follmann, Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 79, 453-454 (1967) Nota Taxonómica: ANTECEDENTES GENERALES Aspectos Morfológicos Talo arenícola o gravícola, no adherido al sustrato, fruticuloso, procumbente, rígido, de hasta 7 cm de diámetro, formando en algunos casos talos esféricos densamente ramificados, gris- blanquecino a gris, ramificaciones comunes a muy abundantes, dicótomas, ramas terete a subcilíndricas, de curvatura irregular, rectos a torcidos o tortuosos, ramas de 1-4 mm de diámetro, leve a fuertemente rimosas, sin isidia o soredia. La corteza es oscura en sección trasnversal, 15-30 µm de alto, paraplectenquimática; el es trato algal de hasta 60 µm de alto, continuo a irregular; medula blanca, sólida, formada por hifas fuertemente compactadas, condroides. No existe conocimiento de la presencia de estructuras de reproducción sexual, tales como apotecios o peritecios. Es im portante señalar que en la descripción original, Follmann (1967) incluyó la descripción de estructuras sexuales. Sin embargo, una cuidadosa revisión del material tipo lo llevó a corregir su descripción indicando que las estructuras descritas corresponden a ascomata de Roccella portentosa (Mont.) Darb. y que, por lo tanto, -
Evolutionary Lag Times and Recent Origin of the Biota of an Ancient Desert (Atacama–Sechura)
Evolutionary lag times and recent origin of the biota of an ancient desert (Atacama–Sechura) Pablo C. Guerreroa,1, Marcelo Rosasb, Mary T. K. Arroyoa,1, and John J. Wiensc,1 aInstitute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, 780-0024 Santiago, Chile; bBanco Nacional de Semillas, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, 1760000 Vicuña, Chile; and cDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0088 Contributed by Mary Arroyo, May 10, 2013 (sent for review September 26, 2012) The assembly of regional biotas and organismal responses to extends for >3,500kmfrom5°SnearthePeruvian–Ecuadorean anthropogenic climate change both depend on the capacity of border to 30°S in northern Chile (15). In the Atacama region, arid organisms to adapt to novel ecological conditions. Here we dem- climates (precipitation of ≤50 mm/y) extend from coastal regions onstrate the concept of evolutionary lag time, the time between from5°Sto30°Supto5,000m(8).Hyperaridclimates(≤5 mm/y) when a climatic regime or habitat develops in a region and when it extend from 13°S to 25°S, from coastal areas to 3,000 m (8, 16). is colonized by a given clade. We analyzed the time of colonization The onset of semiarid conditions (≤250 mm/y) in the Atacama– of four clades (three plant genera and one lizard genus) into the Sechura region can be traced back to the late Jurassic (17), Atacama–Sechura Desert of South America, one of Earth’s driest 150 million years ago. Arid conditions (<50 mm/y) have prevailed and oldest deserts. -
THE* RELATIONSHIP of Drosophila Rdgrospiracula AND'erwinia
The relationship of Drosophila nigrospiracula and Ervinia carnegieana to the bacterial necrosis of Carnegiea gigantea Item Type text; Thesis-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Graf, Penelope Ann, 1941- Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 26/09/2021 16:49:18 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/318458 THE* RELATIONSHIP OF Drosophila rdgrospiracula AND'Erwinia. carnegieana TO THE BACTERIAL NECROSIS OF Carnegiea gigantea. by Penelope Ann Graf A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 19 6 5 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This thesis has been submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for an advanced degree at The University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this thesis are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the head of the major department or the Dean of the Graduate College when in his judgment the proposed use of the material is in the interests of scholarship. In all other instances, however, permission must be obtained from the author.