Explanation on the Safety of Fishery Products

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Explanation on the safety of fishery products

Fisheries Agency of Japan Ⅰ Measures to secure the safety of fishery products

1. Framework for Securing the Safety of Fishery Products 2. Monitoring Plan of Local Government 3. Actions to be taken in the event that the standard limit is exceeded 4. Inspection Results of Fishery Products 5. Inspection Results for Other Radionuclides than Cesium 6. Radioactive cesium in Ocean Water 1 1 Framework for Securing the Safety of Fishery Products ○ The Nuclear Emergency Response Headquarter establishes and updates “Concepts of Inspection Planning and the Establishment and Cancellation of Items and Areas to which Restriction of Distribution and/or Consumption of Foods concerned Applies” (“the Guideline” hereinafter). ○ Monitoring is focused on major fish species or those which exceeded 50 Bq/kg in the previous year. ○ In cases where the same fishery products at multiple locations exceed the standard limit, the restrictions on their distribution and are imposed by the head of the Nuclear Emergency Response Headquarters.

2 2 Monitoring Plan of Local Governments

In case of Chiba Prefecture ○ 6 zones: 4 fishing zones, inland Each local government fishery and aquaculture establishes Monitoring Plan in accordance with “the Guideline” ○ Local governments divide their marine fish areas by taking account of fishing activities or distribution of fish species. ○ Monitoring is conducted for each zone based on monitoring plans. ○ If radioactive cesium levels exceed or are close to the standard limit, the frequency of monitoring is intensified. 33 3 Actions to be taken in the event that the standard limit is exceeded ○The lot containing the product for which the standard limit is exceeded will be recalled pursuant to the Food Sanitation Act. ○Voluntary distribution suspension will be requested by local governments, or distribution restriction will be imposed by the director of Nuclear Emergency Response Headquarters (Prime Minister).

Workflow for voluntary distribution suspension or regulatory shipping restriction for sea fish.

Distribution The restriction the Lifting measurements The standard restriction will be Local governments Monitoring is intensified is Monitoring limit is also imposed by the request the are reliably exceeded in director of Nuclear fishermen’s below the other Emergency associations to stop standard limit shipping the fishes in for more than locations Response question Headquarters one month at more than one locations. The standard limit is exceeded (>100Bq/kg) suspension Monitoring is The measurements the Lifting The standard Local governments intensified to are reliably below the standard limit limit is not request voluntary follow up the restraint on and comply with exceeded in development the requirements other locations shipping for lifting the restriction

Note: Local governments and fishermen’s associations have their own criteria and requirements in place for voluntary distribution suspension. The chart only shows a typical example. 4 4 Inspection Results of Fishery Products(1) ○ Since the accident, about 66,500 samples of more than 400 fish species were inspected. ○ Those inspection results were summarized by each fish species and fishing ground. • Shallow‐sea fishes, Squid and Octopus: While radioactive cesium concentrations were high in the immediate post‐accident period, the levels dropped off quickly. • Migratory fishes: No sample has ever exceeded 100 Bq/kg.

Nationwide Nationwide Nationwide Squids and octopus Shallow‐sea fish Migratory Fishes回遊魚の例イカ・タコの例 Surface level 10,000 10,000 10,000 ヤリイカSear squid イカナゴ（コウナゴ）Japanese sandlance サンマSaury North カタクチイワシ稚魚（シラス）Whitebait (juvenile anchovy) シロザケChum salmon ミズダコpacific 1,000 1,000 1,000 giant octopus

100 100 100

10 10 10

1 1 1 2011/3/1 2012/3/1 2013/3/1 2014/3/1 2011/3/1 2012/3/1 2013/3/1 2014/3/1 2011/3/1 2012/3/1 2013/3/1 2014/3/1 5 Inspection Results of Fishery Products(2)

• In FY 2014, high readings (above 50 Bq/kg) were rarely observed in main fishery species and major export species, including bottom fish. • Anchovy/Sardines and Mackerels, which are major fisheries species in the Pacific off the East Coast of Japan, have shown no high readings (above 25 Bq/kg) since FY 2012.

Nationwide Nationwide Nationwide Nationwide Surface Layer Anchovy and sardine Anchovy and sardine Anchovy and sardine Anchovy and sardine (2011.3～2012.3) 100.0% (2012.4～2013.3) 100.0% (2013.4～2014.3) 100.0% (2014.4～2015.1) 91.7% (220) (260) (131) Anchovy and 100.0% (199) 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Sardine 80.0% 80.0% 80.0% 80.0% 60.0% 60.0% 60.0% 60.0% （Nationwide) 40.0% 40.0% 40.0% 40.0% 6.0% 0.9% 0.5% 0.9% 20.0% (13) 20.0% 20.0% 20.0% (2) (1) (2) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Export in 2014 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 13,786 t, ¥1,335 million, ～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～ Bq/kg Bq/kg Bq/kg Bq/kg Destination : Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia etc.

Intermediate Nationwide Nationwide Nationwide Nationwide Mackerels Mackerels Mackerels Mackerels Layer (2011.3～2012.3) 100.0%(2012.4～2013.3) 100.0%(2013.4～2014.3) 100.0%(2014.4～2015.1) 86.7% (290) (310) (275) 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% (169) Mackerels 80.0% 80.0% 80.0% 80.0% 60.0% 60.0% 60.0% 60.0% （Nationwide） 40.0% 40.0% 40.0% 40.0% 7.2% 4.1% 0.5% 1.5% 20.0% (14) 20.0% 20.0% 20.0% (8) (1) (3) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Export in 2014 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 105,906 t, ¥11,513 ～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～ Bq/kg Bq/kg Bq/kg Bq/kg million, Destination : Thailand, Egypt, Vietnam etc. 6 Inspection Results of Fishery Products(3) In bottom fish, the trend varies with species. For some species, we observed almost no readings in excess of the standard limit since immediately after the accident.

Nationwide Nationwide Nationwide Nationwide Alaska pollock Alaska pollock Alaska pollock Alaska pollock Bottom layer 99.6% 96.4%(2011.3～2012.3) 94.5% (2012.4～2013.3) (2013.4～2014.3) 100.0%(2014.4～2015.1) (185) (280) (199) 100.0% 100.0% (275) 100.0% 100.0% Alaska pollock 80.0% 80.0% 80.0% 80.0% 60.0% 60.0% 60.0% 60.0% （Nationwide） 40.0% 40.0% 40.0% 40.0% 3.8% 20.0% 1.0% 0.5% 2.1% 20.0% 1.0% 0.3% 0.3% 20.0% 0.4% 20.0% (2) (1) (4) 0.0% (11) (3) (1) (1) (1) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Export in 2014 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 41,445t, ¥4,610 million, ～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～ Bq/kg Bq/kg Bq/kg Bq/kg Destination : China, Korea Nationwide Nationwide Naioonwide Nationwide Russia etc. Japanese jack mackerel Japanese jack mackerel Japnese jack mackerel Japanese jack mackerel (2011.3～2012.3) (2012.4～2013.3) 100.0% (2013.4～2014.3) 100.0% (2014.4～2015.1) 93.3% (187) (197) 100.0% 100.0% (168) 100.0% 100.0%

Japanese jack 80.0% 62.7% 80.0% 80.0% 80.0% (74) mackerel 60.0% 60.0% 60.0% 60.0% 40.0% 17.8% 40.0% 40.0% 40.0% (21) 9.3% 6.8% 6.1% 3.4% 0.6% （Nationwide） 20.0% (11) (8) 20.0% (11) 20.0% 20.0% (4) (1) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% ～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～ Bq/kg Bq/kg Bq/kg Bq/kg

Red seabream Nationwide Nationwide Nationwide Nationwide Red seabream Red seabream Red seabream Red seabream （） (2011.3～2012.3) (2012.4～2013.3) 100.0%(2013.4～2014.3) 100.0%(2014.4～2015.1) wild 87.1% (75) (96) 100.0% 75.7% 100.0% (81) 100.0% 100.0% (28) （Nationwide） 80.0% 80.0% 80.0% 80.0% Export in 2014 60.0% 60.0% 60.0% 60.0% 40.0% 40.0% 40.0% 40.0% 16.2% 11.8% 5.4% (live) 1,869t, ¥1,311 (6) 2.7% (11) 1.1% 20.0% (2) 20.0% 20.0% 20.0% (1) 0.0% (1) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% million, Destination : 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Korea etc. ～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～ Bq/kg Bq/kg Bq/kg Bq/kg Mainly farmed fish is exported. 7 Inspection Results of Fishery Products(4)

Bottom layer Nationwide Nationwide Nationwide Nationwide Pacific cod Pacific cod Pacific cod Pacific cod (2011.3～2012.3) (2012.4～2013.3) 95.1% (2013.4～2014.3) 99.2% (2014.4～2015.1) (1904) (1275) Pacific cod 100.0% 100.0% 78.1% 100.0% 100.0% (1506) （） 80.0% 55.2% 80.0% 80.0% 80.0% Nation wide (203) 60.0% 60.0% 60.0% 60.0%

40.0% 40.0% 40.0% 40.0% 13.9% 12.0% 13.0% 15.3% Export in 2014 6.0% (51) (44) (48) (295) 3.8% 1.6% 1.2% 3.8% 0.6% 0.2% 0.2% 0.5% 20.0% (22) 20.0% 20.0% 20.0% 3,045t, ¥658 million, (73) (31) (24) (76) (13) (5) (4) (10) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Destination : NZ, China ～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～ Hong Kong etc. Bq/kg Bq/kg Bq/kg Bq/kg Pacific cod: In FY 2012, readings in excess of the standard limit were observed in a comparatively broad range. The level has declined since FY 2013. In FY 2014, no sample exceeded the standard limit, including those taken in Fukushima offshore. In January 2015, distribution restriction of pacific cod captured in Fukushima offshore was cancelled.

Fukushima Fukushima Fukushima Fukushima Olive flounder Olive flounder Olive flounder Olive flounder (2011.3～2012.3) (2012.4～2013.3) (2013.4～2014.3) 94.5% (2014.4～2015.1) Olive flounder 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 78.6% 100.0% (360) (324) 80.0% 80.0% 80.0% 80.0% （Fukushima） 52.7% (136) 60.0% 60.0% 34.1% 60.0% 60.0% 23.0% 40.0% 40.0% (132) 21.2% 40.0% 40.0% 14.7% 16.7% 12.8% 13.4% (89) 8.3% (82) 10.4% 6.3% 3.1% (38) (43) (33) (52) 2.9% 1.7% 3.9% 0.7% 0.5% 20.0% 20.0% (32) 20.0% (43) (26) 20.0% (8) (12) (7) (16) (3) (2) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% ～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～ Bq/kg Bq/kg Bq/kg Bq/kg

Olive flounder in Fukushima: 52.7% (in FY 2011) and 21.1% (in FY 2012) of the samples exceeded 100 Bq/kg. The level has substantially declined since FY 2013. In FY 2014, all samples were within 100 Bq/kg. 8 Inspection Results of Fishery Products（5） Almost none of migratory species has shown high value since immediately after the accident.

Nationwide Nationwide Nationwide Nationwide Migratory fish Tunas and marlins Tunas marlins Tunas and marlins Tunas and marlins (2011.3～2012.3) 100.0%(2012.4～2013.3) 100.0%(2013.4～2014.3) 100.0%(2014.4～2015.1) 92.4% (365) (144) (93) Tunas and 100.0% (85) 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% marlins 80.0% 80.0% 80.0% 80.0% 60.0% 60.0% 60.0% 60.0% （） 40.0% 40.0% 40.0% 40.0% Nationwide 7.6% 20.0% (7) 20.0% 20.0% 20.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Export in 2014 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% ～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～ 28,068t, ¥10,344 million, Bq/kg Bq/kg Bq/kg Bq/kg Destination : Thailand, Guam, Vietnam etc. Nationwide Nationwide Nationwide Nationwide Skipjack Skipjack Skipjack Skipjack 99.0%(2011.3～2012.3) 100.0%(2012.4～2013.3) 100.0%(2013.4～2014.3) 100.0%(2014.4～2015.1) (97) (221) (159) (68) 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

Skipjack 80.0% 80.0% 80.0% 80.0% （Nationwide） 60.0% 60.0% 60.0% 60.0% 40.0% 40.0% 40.0% 40.0% Export in 2014 20.0% 1.0% 20.0% 20.0% 20.0% (1) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 35,422t, ¥5,438 million, 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% ～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～ Destination : Thailand, Bq/kg Bq/kg Bq/kg Bq/kg

Indonesia, China etc. Nationwide Nationwide Nationwide Nationwide Amberjacks Amberjacks Amberjacks Amberjacks (2011.3～2012.3) 99.3% (2012.4～2013.3) 100.0%(2013.4～2014.3) 100.0%(2014.4～2015.1) Amberjacks (291) (219) (178) 100.0% 74.4% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% （Nationwide） 80.0% (90) 80.0% 80.0% 80.0% 60.0% 60.0% 60.0% 60.0%

Export in 2014 40.0% 15.7% 40.0% 40.0% 40.0% 5.8% (19) 1.7% 2.5% 0.7% 20.0% (7) 20.0% 20.0% 20.0% 6,323t, ¥10,012 million, (2) (3) (2) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Destination : USA, Hong ～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～ Kong ,Thailand etc. Bq/kg Bq/kg Bq/kg Bq/kg 9 Inspection Results of Fishery Products(6)

Nationwide Nationwide Migratory fish Chum salmon Saury (2011.3～2015.1) (2011.3～2015.1) 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 2011.3~2012.3 N=191 100.0% 2012.4~2013.3 N=163 Saury 2011.3~2012.3 N=109 Chum salmon 80.0% 80.0% 2013.4~2014.3 N=266 2012.4~2013.3 N=131 （） 2013.4~2014.3 N=70 （Nationwide） 60.0% 2014.4~2015.1 N=277 Nationwide 60.0% Total N=997 2014.4~2015.1 N=73 40.0% 40.0% Total N=383 Export in 2014年 20.0% Export in 2014 20.0% 37,870t, ¥11,445 million 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 9,495t, ¥1,183million 0.0% Destination: China, ～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～ Destination： Russia, China, ～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～ Thailand , Vietnam etc. Bq/kg Thailand etc. Bq/kg

Farmed species Main farmed species have consistently displayed low readings. Scallop（Nationwide) Sea squirt（Nationwide) Pacific oyster（Nationwide) Naionwide Nationwide Nationwide Pacific oyster Scallop Sea squirt (2011.3～2015.1) (2011.3～2015.1) (2011.3～2015.1) 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 2011.3~2012.3 N=13 100.0% 100.0% 2011.3~2012.3 N=11 2011.3~2012.3 N=4 80.0% 2012.4~2013.3 N=26 80.0% 2012.4~2013.3 N=56 80.0% 2012.4~2013.3 N=3 2013.4~2014.3 N=157 2013.4~2014.3 N=20 2013.4~2014.3 N=8 60.0% 2014.4~2015.1 N=265 60.0% 60.0% 2014.4~2015.1 N=141 2014.4~2015.1 N=143 40.0% Total N=461 Total N=230 Total N=156 40.0% 40.0% 20.0% 20.0% 20.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% ～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～～～～～～25 50 75 100 100 ～25 ～50 ～75 ～100 100～ Bq/kg Bq/kg Bq/kg

Export in 2014 Export in 2014 56,012t, ¥44,670million 1552t, ¥456million Destination： USA, China, Vietnam etc. Destination: Korea 10 Inspection Results of Fishery Products(7)

In response to the Fukushima Dai‐ichi NPS accident, some countries/regions introduced import restrictions (requirement of test certificate of radioactive material, strengthened inspection at the boarder etc.)

○Test results of Japanese fishery products in Korea Trace detection Trace detection Not detected Period （clear customs）（Ship back） Number Weight（t） Number Weight（t） Number Weight（t） 2011.3.14～12.31 4,126 15,993 21 149 －－ 2012.1.1～12.31 4,729 20,526 101 2,704 －－ 2013.1.1～12.31 5,328 20,543 9 160（*1） 1 0 2014.1.1～12.31 5,290 18,265 －－（*2） 4 20 2015.1.1～2.26 1,067 3,672 －－－－ Fishery product Total 20,540 78,999 131 3,013 5 20

*１：1Bq/kg, *2：1Bq/kg, 1Bq/kg, 3Bq/kg, 2Bq/kg 11 5 Inspection for Other Radionuclides than Cesium

○ A total of 67 samples from 2011 to 2014 were inspected for radioactive strontium, and 5 samples were inspected for plutonium. The concentrations were largely at the same levels as before the accident*. Furthermore, the effective dose of radioactive strontium was significantly less than that of radioactive cesium. Thus, the assumption** that was made in calculating the limits was sufficiently safe. ** The effective dose of other radionuclides would be equal to that of radioactive cesium for marine species. ○ In FY 2014, further testing are being conducted for scallop, mackerel, sea squirt etc. （results will be made public by the end of FY 2014）

The concentrations of radioactive strontium in fishery products (between 04/11/2011 and 11/24/2013) < LOD #of Notes：Cs134+137 Nuclides #of Range (Bq/kg) samples LOQ (Bq/kg) (Bq/kg) samples Sr90 67 58 0.0077‐0.04 0.016‐1.2 ND‐970 Pu238 5 5 0.00053‐0.00093 ‐ 0.054‐0.248 Pu239＋240 5 4 0.00085‐0.00093 0.0011

* Ranges of radionuclides’ levels observed before the accident Sr90

○ While the concentrations of radioactive cesium in ocean waters were quite high around NPS in the immediate post‐accident period, they have declined afterward.

T測定ポイント：T-1‐1 .Surface 表層 1000000 I-131 100000 Cs-134 Cs-137 Fukushima Daiichi NPS 10000 1000 100 10 1 0.1 0.01 2011/3/11 2012/3/3 2013/2/24 2014/2/17 2015/2/10

測定ポイントT-2-1(2012年11月までT-2)T‐2‐1 Surface, T‐2 until Nov 表層 2012 1000000 I-131 100000 Cs-134 Cs-137 10000 1000 100 10 1 0.1 0.01 2011/3/11 2012/3/3 2013/2/24 2014/2/17 2015/2/10 13 Ⅱ Research Activity

14 Research Activity(1)

○ New findings have been obtained on the mechanism by which radionuclides are transferred to fishery products. (1) No correlation was found between the (2) For Olive flounder and Pacific cod; radioactive cesium concentrations of benthos ① Little radioactive cesium was taken in by the birth and those of marine soils. year classes born after the accident (2011 or later). ②

） Little intake of radioactive materials took place in 80 the winter of 2012 or later. 60 Shrimp 500 Crabs 2011YC 2010YC Bristle worms Max. 40 400 YCs 2009 or before Mean 20 ‐300 Concentration of Concentration cesium Cs-134 + Cs-137; + Bq/kg-wet Cs-137; Cs-134

（ 0 Sampling point a Sampling point b Sampling point c 200 (Sea bottom soil： (Sea bottom soil： (Sea bottom soil： 410 Bq/kg‐dry) 600 Bq/kg‐dry) 290 Bq/kg‐dry)

Sampling points for Benthos 100

N N N N N N 0 D D D D D D 5km radius Mar‐ Jul‐ Jan‐ Apr‐ Jul‐ Oct‐ Jan‐ Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Jun Dec Mar Jun Sep Dec Mar Okuma Sampling Point c 2011 2012 2013 Time of catch Tomioka Sampling Point b Naraha Chronological trend in concentration of cesium in Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) caught off Sampling Point a Fukushima according to birth year class 15 Research Activity(2) ○ In August 2012 a highly contaminated fat greenling, with radioactive Cs level of 25,800Bq/kg, was taken at the mouth of the Ota River, approx. 20 km from the Fukushima Daiichi NPS. ○ Analysis of the otolith revealed that primary location of the β‐rays’ emission corresponded to spring/summer 2011, and hence this sample was judged to have been contaminated shortly after the Fukushima Daiichi NPS accident through exposure to highly‐contaminated waters. ○ In light of the improved situation of pollution around the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, it is important to prevent marine organism from expanding from the inside of the port. TEPCO has installed nets at the port entrance and carries out exterminations inside the port. ○ The study was published in the Scientific Reports of the Nature: “Radiocesium contamination of greenlings (Hexagrammos otakii) off the coast of Fukushima” (Scientific Reports 4, Article number: 6851) Analysis of the Highly‐Contaminated Fat Concentrations of Radioactive Cesium within Greenling’s Otolith Fat Greenlings in the Waters off Fukushima

16 Prefecture Possibility of exceeding 100 Bq/kg estimated by the Research Activity (3) analysis using model Probability of Species exceeding 100Bq (Cs (134+137 ))/k g Japanese amberjack (Seriola quinqueraduata) 3.4882×10 -21 ○ Estimation of possibility that Cs Scallop (Mizuhopecten yessoensis) 6.94116×10 -21 (Scomber japonicus) 5.9547×10 -237 Aomori Chub mackerel level in fishery products exceeds Giant Pacific octopus (Paroctopus dofleini) 1.18851×10 -34 Alaska pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) 2.35602×10 -13 100Bq/kg Japanese flying squid (Todarodes pacificus) 5.62473×10 -36 Japanese amberjack (Seriola quinqueraduata) 1.52425×10 -18 Scallop (Mizuhopecten yessoensis) 6.65241×10 -07 Common sea squirt (Halocynthia roretzi) 1.25716×10 -34 Chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) 2.13012×10 -06 ○ ×10 -37 With regard to 68 fish species Iw ate Giant Pacific octopus (Paroctopus dofleini) 8.75712 Alaska pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) 9.10936×10 -16 targeted, analysis were conducted Japanese flying squid (Todarodes pacificus) 5.24519×10 -38 Japanese amberjack (Seriola quinqueraduata) 8.32267×10 -16 using exponential model/Weibull Scallop (Mizuhopecten yessoensis) 2.077×10 -14 Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) 9.43538×10 -46 Common sea squirt (Halocynthia roretzi) 3.4291×10 -07 model (appropriate for the current Chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) 8.72196×10 -40 Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) 3.76391×10 -11 situation (long‐tailed distribution Pacific saury (Cololabis saira) 2.88765×10 -18 Miy agi Alaska pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) 3.49347×10 -17 of radioactive Cs level)) . Blue shark (Prionace glauca) 3.76575×10 -19 Japanese amberjack (Seriola quinqueraduata) 7.19234×10 -15 Chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) 6.20653×10 -07 Common octopus (Octopus vulgaris) 1.59228×10 -06 Fukushima Giant Pacific octopus (Paroctopus dofleini) 4.97467×10 -12 ○ The result estimated that, the Alaska pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) 1.23724×10 -14 Japanese flying squid (Todarodes pacificus) 2.09859×10 -11 st -09 possibility as of January 1 2015, Spear squid (Loligo bleekeri) 6.75928×10 Japanese amberjack (Seriola quinqueraduata) 9.68549×10 -14 in effect, is equal to zero for Common octopus (Octopus vulgaris) 1.99523×10 -10 Chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) 0.001926779 -53 Ibaraki Alaska pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) 3.34136×10 almost all analysis (by species and Spear squid (Loligo bleekeri) 7.31853×10 -30 Japanese amberjack (Seriola quinqueraduata) 3.94779×10 -21 by prefectures ). Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) 2.6043×10 -33 Chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) 1.44714×10 -68 Bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) 4.17322×10 -12 Japanese flying squid (Todarodes pacificus) 2.09794×10 -25 Chiba Spear squid (Loligo bleekeri) 1.67349×10 -19 17 Research Activity(4) ○ New report on the mechanism of Cs absorption onto soil clay, that is well‐studied in land‐based studies ○ Structural change in vermiculite (one of clay minerals) at the absorption of Cs‐ion were observed using a method called “Small Angle X‐ray Scattering”. ○ The study was published in the Scientific Report (2014) of the Nature: “Collective Structural Changes in Vermiculite Clay Suspensions Induced by Cesium Ions” (Scientific Reports 4, Article number: 6585）*

• Schematic illustrations of the crystal • Adsorption of cesium one after another like domain of vermiculite clay with Cs+. (a) Domino Topping and schematics of structural change of vermiculate Collective intercalation (localization) of Cs+ in the selective layer spaces and (b) segmentation of the crystal domain of vermiculite clay, providing fresh planar adsorption sites for Cs+.

＊the group of Dr. Ryuhei Motokawa (Assistant Principal Researcher, JAEA), Dr Tsuyoshi Yaita (Unit Manager, JAEA), Dr. Hitoshi Endo (Associate Professor, High Energy Accelerator TOPICS Fukushima 26 Jan 2015 No. 58Japan Atomic Research Organization), Dr. Shingo Yokoyama (Principal Research Energy Agency (JAEA) Scientist, Central Research Institute of the Electric Power http://fukushima.jaea.go.jp/english/topics/pdf/topic Industry), and Dr. Shotaro Nishitsuji (Assistant Professor, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University s‐fukushima058e.pdf 18 Ⅲ Provision of information, Domestically and Internationally

１ Labelling of Harvest Area ２ Risk Communication and Current Situation of Import Restriction

19 1 Labelling of Harvest Area ○ In accordance with the Labelling Standard for the Quality of Fresh Food, which is based on the Act for Standardization and Proper Labeling of Agricultural and Forestry Products, harvest area shall be indicated, but in case that it is difficult, port of landing or the prefecture where the port is located can be indicated alternatively. ○ Fisheries Agency recommended that the detailed mark of origin program indicating the geographical fishery areas and their designations for raw fishery products from the east coast of Honshu, Japan, should be started in October 2011. ○ Harvest area is clarified even for those species which migrate beyond prefectures such as mackerel, pacific saury etc.. Examples

20 2 Risk Communication and Current Situation of Import Restriction

【 Domestic consumer awareness】  According to the survey by the Consumer Affairs Agency on consumer awareness, consumers stating that they “hesitate to buy food products made in Fukushima because they wish to buy food that does not contain radioactive materials” amounted to 19.4% of all respondents in February 2013, although this figure fell to 15.3% in February 2014. 【Import regulations 】  Some countries imposed import restrictions on Japanese fishery products (e.g. requirement for test certificate of radionuclides, ban on import of all fishery products from certain prefectures).  13 countries lifted restrictions (e.g. Vietnam (Sep. 2013), Australia (Jan. 2014)). Some of other countries eased restrictions as follows. EU: Test certificate of radioactive material ‐ 10 prefectures => 8 prefectures (Jan. 2014) Thailand: Test certificate of radioactive material ‐ 8 prefectures => 3 prefectures (Nov. 2014)

Example of Website

【Monitoring results】

21 Future Challenges

○ Sufficient measures have been taken for ensuring safety of fishery products.

○ For provision of safe fishery products, to continue monitoring and other efforts such as elucidation of mechanism for contamination.

○ To provide appropriate information domestically and internationally, sweep away unfounded reputational damages and misinformation, and encourage

regulating countries to lift import restrictions. 22 Update of the Report by FAJ（scheduled at the end of March） • Since the Fukushima Daiichi NPS accident in March 2011, the Japanese government, local governments and relevant organizations have worked cooperatively for ensuring safety of fishery products. • The report gave a summary of knowledge obtained, in order to promote accurate understanding of Japanese fishery products domestically/internationally → The report was published in May 2014 • Almost four years have passed since the accident. The level of radioactive Cs in fishery products has declined substantially. • Concerns still remain among some consumers. Also, in some instances of relaxation of import restriction on foods, fishery products were not included. It implies that strong concern on fishery products still remain.

→ Update of the Report is Planned 23