DOCSLIB.ORG

The Technical Details

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Technical Details 239 The Technical Details 240 The Technical Details The Cephalopod Family Tree Mollusca (molluscs) is a phylum within the animal king- dom (Animalia). Cephalopods are a class of Mollusca and they are themselves divided into two sub-classes, Nautiloidea (nautiluses) and Coleoidea (true cephalopods). Coleoidea are also sorted into two groups, Belemnoidea, which are extinct, and Neocoleoidea, which encompasses all present-day cephalopods. Neocoleoidea are also divided into two superorders, Decapodiformes (cephalopods with eight arms and two tentacles) and Octopodiformes (cepha- lopods with eight arms). There are four orders of Decapodiformes: Spirulida (extinct), Sepioidea (cuttlefsh), Oegopsida (squid), and Myopsida (squid). There are two orders of Octopodiformes: Vampyromorphida, and Octopoda (octopuses). This book deals primarily with Sepioidea, Oegopsida, Myopsida, and Octopoda. Animalia Mollusca Cephalopoda Coleoidea (true cephalopods) Nautiloidea †Belemnoidea Neocoleoidea Nautilida Decapodiformes Octopodiformes Spirulida SepioideaOegopsida Myopsida Octopoda Vampyromorpha (cuttlesh) (squid) (squid) (octopuses) Cephalopods Included in This Book The table lists the cephalopods that are discussed in this book according to the name of their species, together with the common English names. In addition, there is a nota- tion of whether a species can, in principle, be used for human consumption, even though it may not be common to do so or to catch it. The right hand column indicates where that species is usually found. 241 The Technical Details Latin name English name Edible? Primary distribution Alloteuthis subulata S European common squid Yes Eastern North Atlantic Ocean Architeuthis dux S North Atlantic squid No All oceans, but rare in tropical and polar latitudes Argonauta sp. Argonaut, paper nautilus Yes Tropical and subtropical waters worldwide Callistoctopus O White-spotted octopus Yes Mediterranean Sea, macropus warmer parts of Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, Indo-Pacifc Ocean Dosidicus gigas S Jumbo fying squid, Yes Eastern Pacifc Ocean Humboldt squid from Tierra del Fuego to California Eledone cirrhosa O Curled octopus, horned Yes Eastern North Atlantic octopus Ocean, Mediterranean Sea Enteroctopus dofeini O North Pacifc giant Yes Coastal North Pacifc octopus Ocean Euprymna scolopes C Hawaiian bobtail squid No Pacifc Ocean Grimpoteuthis sp. O Dumbo octopus No All oceans, but at great depths Hapalochlaena spp. O Southern blue-ringed No Indo-Pacifc Ocean octopus (blue- ringed octopus are found as far north as Japan) Idiosepius thailandicus C Bobtail squid, pygmy No Indo-Pacifc Ocean squid Illex argentinus S Argentine shortfn squid Yes Southwestern Atlantic Ocean Loligo forbesii S Veined squid, Yes Eastern North Atlantic long-fnned squid Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, Western Indian Ocean 242 The Technical Details Latin name English name Edible? Primary distribution Loligo pealei S Longfn inshore squid Yes North Atlantic Ocean Loligo vulgaris S European squid Yes Coastal waters of the eastern North Atlantic Ocean Mesonychoteuthis S Colossal squid, Antarctic Yes All parts of the hamiltoni squid, giant cranch squid Southern Ocean Nautilus sp. Nautilus Yes Indo-Pacifc Ocean Octopus maya O Mexican four-eyed Yes Tropical Western octopus Atlantic Ocean Octopus vulgaris O Common octopus Yes Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Pacifc Ocean Octopus wolf O Star-sucker pygmy No Western Pacifc Ocean octopus Sepia offcinalis C Common cuttlefsh, Yes Mediterranean Sea, European common North Sea, Baltic Sea cuttlefsh Sepietta oweniana C Common bobtail Yes Eastern North Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea Sepiola spp. C Bobtail squid Yes All oceans Taningia danae S Dana octopus squid, Yes Atlantic Ocean, Pacifc Taning’s octopus squid Ocean, but very rare Todarodes pacifcus S Japanese fying squid, Yes Northern Pacifc Japanese common squid, Ocean Pacifc fying squid Todarodes sagittatus S European fying squid Yes Northeastern Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea Thaumoctopus mimicus O Mimic octopus No Indo-Pacifc Ocean Watasenia scintillans S Firefy squid, sparkling Yes Western Pacifc Ocean enope squid C cuttlefsh, O octopus, S squid 243 Glossary Glossary ambergris - a special secretion that is formed in the intes- tines of the sperm whale in the shape of grey rock-like lumps that can weigh up to several hundred kilograms and often contain the remains of cephalopods; known since ancient times as a fxative in perfumes and for its fragrance. Animalia - the animal kingdom. anisakis - parasitic nematode (herring worm) that can infest certain fsh and cephalopods. adenosine triphosphate - (adenosine-5'-triphosphate, ATP) polynucleotide that is the biochemical source of energy production in living cells. Among other sub- stances, it can be broken down to the 5'-ribonucleotides inosinate, adenylate, and guanylate, which are associated with synergistic umami. adenosine monophosphate - (AMP), a salt of the nucleic acid adenylic acid; synergizes with glutamate to enhance umami; found especially in fsh, shellfsh, and octopuses. alcatruz - pot used to catch octopuses in the traditional way by Mediterranean fshers. amino acid - amino acids are the fundamental building blocks of proteins. Examples include glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, proline, and arginine. Nature makes use of 20 different, specifc amino acids to construct proteins, which are chains of amino acids bound together with peptide bonds. Short chains are called polypeptides and long ones proteins. In food, amino acids are often found bound together in proteins and also as free amino acids that can have an effect on taste. An example is glutamic acid, which is the basis of umami. More than half of the free amino acids in cephalopods are of the type that are associated with the taste of seafood (arginine, glutamic acid, alanine, and glycine). ammonium chloride - sal ammonium or salmiac (NH4Cl) found throughout the mantle of the giant squid Architeuthis dux, as well as in other cephalopods that live at great depths. As it is lighter than seawater it helps to regulate buoyancy in the animals. 244 Glossary Anthropocene epoch - new geological epoch dating from the mid-1950s, the point at which humanity began to make irrevocable impressions on the Earth’s ecosystems. Architeuthis - from Greek archē (chief or principal) and teuthis (squid); genus name for the giant squid Architeuthis dux. argonaut - (paper nautilus) cephalopod belonging to the species Argonauta, enclosed in a shell. arthropods - phylum of invertebrates with exoskeletons, for example, insects and crustaceans. ATP - see adenosine triphosphate. axon - long, thin projection of a nerve cell that sends signals to other nerve cells. belemnites - (Belemnoidea) group of cephalopods that were abundant during the Cretaceous Period (from about 145 million to 66 million years ago) and that became extinct at the same time as dinosaurs; fossilized remains are known popularly as thunderstones. bilateral organism - organism that has two virtually iden- tical symmetrical sides, for example, cephalopods and humans. biogenetic amines - substances that can be formed by an organism’s own enzymes and by microbial activity; potentially toxic when present in large quantities. bioluminescence - active light emitted by some organ- isms; produced when certain chemical reactions take place in bacteria that live in symbiosis with the host organism. blue-ringed octopuses - Hapalochlaena, genus of four different species of highly venomous octopuses found in the Indo-Pacifc region. bromelain - enzyme derived from fresh pineapples that can break down proteins such as collagen and gelatine, used as a meat tenderizer. calamar - also calamari, calamares, common names for various types of squid. Cambrian Explosion - event about 542 million years ago and lasting for about 50 million years. During this period there was an amazing outburst of new life forms, among them all the major phyla of present-day animals, includ- ing the molluscs (Mollusca). Cephalopods emerged toward the end of this time. 245 Glossary Cephalopoda - from the Greek kephalē (head) and pous (foot); class within the invertebrate phylum (Mollusca) made up of about 800 still living species, divided into two sub-classes: true cephalopods (Coleoida) and nautiluses (Nautiloida). chemoreceptor - receptor that can bind and identify a particular chemical substance. chitin - polysaccharide that is a component of the cell walls of some fungi and the exoskeleton of insects and crustaceans. Cephalopod beaks and the gladius of squid are made of chitin. chromatophores - small complex organs made up of pigment-containing cells that can refect light. cirri - appendages around the mouth of Nautilida (nauti- luses). class - biological classifcation between phylum and order, for example, Cephalopoda are a class under Mollusca. Cnidaria - phylum of invertebrates, characterized by spe- cial cells used for capturing prey and bodies made up of a non-living jelly-like substance; divided into polyps, such as sea anemones, that are sessile and medusae, such as jellyfsh, that swim. Coleoidea - sub-class that groups together all the cephalopods that have no shells; divided into the Belemnoidea, now extinct, and the Neocoleoidea, that includes all present-day cephalopods. Their common characteristics are a number of arms surrounding the mouth, very highly developed eyes, three hearts, and the ability to eject ink. collagen - protein network that forms connective tissues and thereby gives structure to all animal tissues, found mostly
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Review of Southern Ocean Squids Using Nets and Beaks
    Marine Biodiversity (2020) 50:98 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-020-01113-4 REVIEW A review of Southern Ocean squids using nets and beaks Yves Cherel1 Received: 31 May 2020 /Revised: 31 August 2020 /Accepted: 3 September 2020 # Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung 2020 Abstract This review presents an innovative approach to investigate the teuthofauna from the Southern Ocean by combining two com- plementary data sets, the literature on cephalopod taxonomy and biogeography, together with predator dietary investigations. Sixty squids were recorded south of the Subtropical Front, including one circumpolar Antarctic (Psychroteuthis glacialis Thiele, 1920), 13 circumpolar Southern Ocean, 20 circumpolar subantarctic, eight regional subantarctic, and 12 occasional subantarctic species. A critical evaluation removed five species from the list, and one species has an unknown taxonomic status. The 42 Southern Ocean squids belong to three large taxonomic units, bathyteuthoids (n = 1 species), myopsids (n =1),andoegopsids (n = 40). A high level of endemism (21 species, 50%, all oegopsids) characterizes the Southern Ocean teuthofauna. Seventeen families of oegopsids are represented, with three dominating families, onychoteuthids (seven species, five endemics), ommastrephids (six species, three endemics), and cranchiids (five species, three endemics). Recent improvements in beak identification and taxonomy allowed making new correspondence between beak and species names, such as Galiteuthis suhmi (Hoyle 1886), Liguriella podophtalma Issel, 1908, and the recently described Taonius notalia Evans, in prep. Gonatus phoebetriae beaks were synonymized with those of Gonatopsis octopedatus Sasaki, 1920, thus increasing significantly the number of records and detailing the circumpolar distribution of this rarely caught Southern Ocean squid. The review extends considerably the number of species, including endemics, recorded from the Southern Ocean, but it also highlights that the corresponding species to two well-described beaks (Moroteuthopsis sp.
    [Show full text]
  • CEPHALOPODS 688 Cephalopods
    click for previous page CEPHALOPODS 688 Cephalopods Introduction and GeneralINTRODUCTION Remarks AND GENERAL REMARKS by M.C. Dunning, M.D. Norman, and A.L. Reid iving cephalopods include nautiluses, bobtail and bottle squids, pygmy cuttlefishes, cuttlefishes, Lsquids, and octopuses. While they may not be as diverse a group as other molluscs or as the bony fishes in terms of number of species (about 600 cephalopod species described worldwide), they are very abundant and some reach large sizes. Hence they are of considerable ecological and commercial fisheries importance globally and in the Western Central Pacific. Remarks on MajorREMARKS Groups of CommercialON MAJOR Importance GROUPS OF COMMERCIAL IMPORTANCE Nautiluses (Family Nautilidae) Nautiluses are the only living cephalopods with an external shell throughout their life cycle. This shell is divided into chambers by a large number of septae and provides buoyancy to the animal. The animal is housed in the newest chamber. A muscular hood on the dorsal side helps close the aperture when the animal is withdrawn into the shell. Nautiluses have primitive eyes filled with seawater and without lenses. They have arms that are whip-like tentacles arranged in a double crown surrounding the mouth. Although they have no suckers on these arms, mucus associated with them is adherent. Nautiluses are restricted to deeper continental shelf and slope waters of the Indo-West Pacific and are caught by artisanal fishers using baited traps set on the bottom. The flesh is used for food and the shell for the souvenir trade. Specimens are also caught for live export for use in home aquaria and for research purposes.
    [Show full text]
  • Rapid Cultural Inventories of Wetlands in Arab States Including Ramsar Sites and World Heritage Properties
    Rapid cultural inventories of wetlands in Arab states including Ramsar Sites and World Heritage Properties Building greater understanding of cultural values and practices as a contribution to conservation success Tarek Abulhawa – Lead Author Tricia Cummings – Research and Data Analysis Supported by: May 2017 Acknowledgements The report team expresses their utmost appreciation to Ms. Mariam Ali from the Ramsar Secretariat and Ms. Haifaa Abdulhalim from the Tabe’a Programme (IUCN’s programme in partnership with ARC-WH) for their guidance and support on the preparation of this regional assessment. Special gratitude is extended to all the national focal points from the target countries and sites as well as international experts and colleagues from the Ramsar and IUCN networks for their valuable contributions and reviews of assignment reports drafts. Finally, the team wants to take the opportunity to thank all the peoples of the wetlands in the Arab states for their long established commitment to the protection of their wetlands through their cultural values, traditional knowledge and sustainable practices for the benefit of future generations. Cover: Traditional felucca fishing boat, Tunisia. DGF Tunisa Contents Executive summary . 4 Introduction . 9 Methodology . 13 Assessment Results . 21 Algeria . 23 La Vallée d’Iherir . 24 Oasis de Tamantit et Sid Ahmed Timmi. 27 Réserve Intégrale du Lac Tonga . 32 Egypt . 35 Lake Bardawil . 36 Lake Burullus . 41 Wadi El Rayan Protected Area . 44 Iraq . 49 Central Marshes . 52 Hammar Marshes . 55 Hawizeh Marshes . 58 Mauritania . 63 Lac Gabou et le réseau hydrographique du Plateau du Tagant . 64 Parc National du Banc d’Arguin . 67 Parc National du Diawling .
    [Show full text]
  • Fisheries Centre
    Fisheries Centre The University of British Columbia Working Paper Series Working Paper #2015 - 80 Reconstruction of Syria’s fisheries catches from 1950-2010: Signs of overexploitation Aylin Ulman, Adib Saad, Kyrstn Zylich, Daniel Pauly and Dirk Zeller Year: 2015 Email: [email protected] This working paper is made available by the Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada. Reconstruction of Syria’s fisheries catches from 1950-2010: Signs of overexploitation Aylin Ulmana, Adib Saadb, Kyrstn Zylicha, Daniel Paulya, Dirk Zellera a Sea Around Us, Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada b President of Syrian National Committee for Oceanography, Tishreen University, Faculty of Agriculture, P.O. BOX; 1408, Lattakia, Syria [email protected] (corresponding author); [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] ABSTRACT Syria’s total marine fisheries catches were estimated for the 1950-2010 time period using a reconstruction approach which accounted for all fisheries removals, including unreported commercial landings, discards, and recreational and subsistence catches. All unreported estimates were added to the official data, as reported by the Syrian Arab Republic to the United Nation’s Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Total reconstructed catch for 1950-2010 was around 170,000 t, which is 78% more than the amount reported by Syria to the FAO as their national catch. The unreported components added over 74,000 t of unreported catches, of which 38,600 t were artisanal landings, 16,000 t industrial landings, over 4,000 t recreational catches, 3,000 t subsistence catches and around 12,000 t were discards.
    [Show full text]
  • Marine Aquaculture Site – Grey Horse Channel Outer Video Survey June 2018
    Marine Aquaculture Site – Grey Horse Channel Outer Video Survey June 2018 MARINE HARVEST ( SCOTLAND) LIMITED SEPTEMBER 2018 Registered in Scotland No. 138843 Stob Ban House 01397 715084 - Registered Office, Glen Nevis Business Park 1st Floor, Admiralty Park Fort William, PH33 6RX Kate. Stronach@marineharvest. com Admiralty Road, Rosyth, Fife Stob Ban House KY11 2YW Glen Nevis Business Park http:// marineharvest. com Fort William, PH33 6RX Grey Horse Channel Outer 2018 Baseline Video Survey Report 2 | 14 Video Survey Assessment for: Marine Harvest ( Scotland) Ltd. proposed Grey Horse Channel Outer Farm Requirement for survey: Baseline Date of survey: 26/06/2018 Surveyed by: Marine Harvest (Scotland) Ltd. Equipment used: Towed Sledge with HD camera A video survey was undertaken at Grey Horse Channel Outer to examine the epifauna on the seabed and the baseline assessment will be submitted as part of applications for licences at the proposed site. Marine Harvest (Scotland) Ltd. propose to install a new site north west of Greineam Island which will operate to a biomass of 2500t. The site will consist of 14 circular pens each 120m in circumferen ce and held in 75m matrix squares in a 2 x 7 grid. Modelling has been completed using AutoDEPOMOD and a predicted deposition footprint generated. The Grey Horse Channel Outer video survey provides seabed footage on transects through the area of seabed within the predicted footprint. Grey Horse Channel Outer Biotope Assessment The footage for the transects has been viewed to identify occurring species, habitat types and zonation using the Marine Habitat Classification Hierarchy and SACFOR abundance scale from the JNCC website ( 2017).
    [Show full text]
  • By Species Items
    1 Fish, crustaceans, molluscs, etc Capture production by species items Mediterranean and Black Sea C-37 Poissons, crustacés, mollusques, etc Captures par catégories d'espèces Méditerranée et mer Noire (a) Peces, crustáceos, moluscos, etc Capturas por categorías de especies Mediterráneo y Mar Negro English name Scientific name Species group Nom anglais Nom scientifique Groupe d'espèces 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Nombre inglés Nombre científico Grupo de especies t t t t t t t Freshwater bream Abramis brama 11 495 335 336 108 47 7 10 Common carp Cyprinus carpio 11 3 1 - 2 3 4 4 Roach Rutilus rutilus 11 1 1 2 7 11 12 5 Roaches nei Rutilus spp 11 13 78 73 114 72 83 47 Sichel Pelecus cultratus 11 105 228 276 185 147 52 39 Cyprinids nei Cyprinidae 11 - - 167 159 95 141 226 European perch Perca fluviatilis 13 - - - 1 1 - - Percarina Percarina demidoffi 13 - - - - 18 15 202 Pike-perch Stizostedion lucioperca 13 3 031 2 568 2 956 3 504 3 293 2 097 1 043 Freshwater fishes nei Osteichthyes 13 - - - 17 - 249 - Danube sturgeon(=Osetr) Acipenser gueldenstaedtii 21 114 36 20 8 10 3 3 Sterlet sturgeon Acipenser ruthenus 21 - - 0 - - - - Starry sturgeon Acipenser stellatus 21 13 11 5 3 5 1 1 Beluga Huso huso 21 12 10 1 0 4 1 3 Sturgeons nei Acipenseridae 21 290 185 59 22 23 14 8 European eel Anguilla anguilla 22 917 682 464 602 642 648 522 Salmonoids nei Salmonoidei 23 26 - - 0 - - 7 Pontic shad Alosa pontica 24 153 48 15 21 112 68 115 Shads nei Alosa spp 24 2 742 2 640 2 095 2 929 3 984 2 831 3 645 Azov sea sprat Clupeonella cultriventris 24 3 496 10 862 12 006 27 777 27 239 17 743 14 538 Three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus 25 - - - 8 4 6 1 European plaice Pleuronectes platessa 31 - 0 6 7 7 5 5 European flounder Platichthys flesus 31 69 62 56 29 29 11 43 Common sole Solea solea 31 5 047 4 179 5 169 4 972 5 548 6 273 5 619 Wedge sole Dicologlossa cuneata 31 ..
    [Show full text]
  • New Toscana Lunch Menu
    TOSCANA DIVINO - A LA CARTE MENU Executive Chef Andrea Marchesin appetizers Vitello Tonnato milk fed veal, tuna sauce, capers, arugula, lemon 25 TD Smoked Salmon house smoked salmon, citrus jicama, handmade mayonnaise 24 Tuna Tartare yellowfin tuna, tomato, avocado, capers, seasonal greens 26 Tagliere Toscano culatta di Parma, finocchiona, pecorino, Grana Padano, olives, honey 32 Octopus Puttanesca octopus, heirloom tomatoes, capers, taggiasca olives 26 Ribollita kale, carrots, potatoes, onions, swiss chard, green beans, bread 18 Caviar & Potato Calvisius Tradition caviar, potato purée, chives 55 pasta e risotto Spaghetti 3 Tomatoes homemade fresh pasta, selection of vine & heirloom tomatoes, basil 20 Lasagna beef ragú, bechamel sauce, Grana Padano 26 Maccheroni al Sugo Toscano braised beef ragú, Grana Padano, olive oil 26 Tortelli Ricotta & Spinach buffalo ricotta, spinach, Isigny butter, sage 23 Black Spaghetti Seafood squid ink pasta, shrimp, calamari, octopus, tomatoes, bottarga 30 Pici Senesi with Duck Ragú hand rolled pasta, duck leg ragú, pecorino 29 Carbonara di Mare spaghetti alla "chitarra", sea urchin, fish roe, caviar, bottarga 36 Risotto Funghi e Tartufo Acquerello rice, porcini mushrooms, summer black truffle 36 Spaghetti all'Astice Gragnano pasta, Maine lobster, tomato bisque, parsley oil 42 Please inform us about any food allergies. Consuming raw or undercooked meats, poultry, shellfish or eggs may increase your risk of foodborne illness. For your convenience, a service charge of 20% will be added to your check. TOSCANA
    [Show full text]
  • Making Ends Meet in the Ross
    Water & Atmosphere 16(2) 2008 Marine Ecosystems Making ends meet in the Ross Sea Matt Pinkerton, Janet Bradford-Grieve, and Stuart Hanchet are developing a mass-balance model to learn how animals fit together in the Ross Sea ecosystem. fter braving some of the worst sea ice in decades, NIWA scientists returned in late March from a seven- Aweek voyage to the Ross Sea region of Antarctica. Among our goals for the voyage was to learn more about the region’s predator–prey links and the abundance of some important and poorly understood species. Antarctica's unique ecosystems Compared to temperate regions, the waters of the Southern n o rt e Ocean have low primary productivity – the production k in P t of organic matter by plants that is the basis of marine food at M e: webs. In temperate waters, like those around New Zealand, ag Im phytoplankton grows during most of the year. But in the Ross Sea there’s a long period between late May and mid July when the region is in 24-hour darkness and no plants can grow. The Based on data from NASA satellites, this image shows the phyto- plankton concentration in the Ross Sea. High concentrations are year’s entire primary production happens in brief events in the shown in green and red, lower concentrations are blue and purple. spring and summer, and these bursts of high productivity are (Data used courtesy of NASA.) often very localised. Another challenge for Antarctic animals is the dramatic change through the year to the available of the larger, mobile animals leave the region completely during environment, as sea ice forms in the autumn and then melts winter, including minke whales, most seals, petrels, and Adélie in the spring.
    [Show full text]
  • Siphuncular Structure in the Extant Spirula and in Other Coleoids (Cephalopoda)
    GFF ISSN: 1103-5897 (Print) 2000-0863 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/sgff20 Siphuncular Structure in the Extant Spirula and in Other Coleoids (Cephalopoda) Harry Mutvei To cite this article: Harry Mutvei (2016): Siphuncular Structure in the Extant Spirula and in Other Coleoids (Cephalopoda), GFF, DOI: 10.1080/11035897.2016.1227364 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11035897.2016.1227364 Published online: 21 Sep 2016. Submit your article to this journal View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=sgff20 Download by: [Dr Harry Mutvei] Date: 21 September 2016, At: 11:07 GFF, 2016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11035897.2016.1227364 Siphuncular Structure in the Extant Spirula and in Other Coleoids (Cephalopoda) Harry Mutvei Department of Palaeobiology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY The shell wall in Spirula is composed of prismatic layers, whereas the septa consist of lamello-fibrillar nacre. Received 13 May 2016 The septal neck is holochoanitic and consists of two calcareous layers: the outer lamello-fibrillar nacreous Accepted 23 June 2016 layer that continues from the septum, and the inner pillar layer that covers the inner surface of the septal KEYWORDS neck. The pillar layer probably is a structurally modified simple prisma layer that covers the inner surface of Siphuncular structures; the septal neck in Nautilus. The pillars have a complicated crystalline structure and contain high amount of connecting rings; Spirula; chitinous substance.
    [Show full text]
  • Middle East Journal of Science (2018) 4(1):45-51
    Middle East Journal of Science (2018) 4(1):45-51 INTERNATIONAL Middle East Journal of Science ENGINEERING, (2018) 4(1): 45 - 51 SCIENCE AND EDUCATION Published online JUNE, 2018 (http://dergipark.gov.tr/mejs) GROUP doi: 10.23884/mejs.2018.4.1.06 ISSN:2536-5312 Received: January 16, 2018 Accepted: May 03, 2018 MOLLUSCS: THEIR USAGE AS NUTRITION, MEDICINE, APHRODISIAC, COSMETIC, JEWELRY, COWRY, PEARL, ACCESSORY AND SO ON FROM THE HISTORY TO TODAY İhsan EKİN1*, Rıdvan ŞEŞEN2 1Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Şırnak University, Şırnak, Turkey 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey *Correspondence: e-mail: [email protected] Abstract:The present study has evaluated the usage and properties of the mollusca phylum from the history to today. Many types of molluscs are eaten worldwide, either cooked or raw due to their rich nutritional value. Furthermore, they are used as pearl, cowry and accessory materials, for tools like household dishes, cooking pots and utensils such as a spoon, cutlery, scoops, spatulas, etc. Some of them are destructive and caused ecological damage, some serve as intermediate hosts for human parasites; some can cause damage to crops. Mollusc meat is known to be highly nutritious and salutary owing to its high content of essential amino acids, proteins, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. In addition, some of the bioactive compounds including antiviral, antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, antifungal, antihelminthic and anticancer products are producing by molluscs as medicines. The largest edible snail is African land snail Achatina achatina mostly consumed by African people. Molluscs were very prominent dishes during the Roman Empire due to their aphrodisiac effect.
    [Show full text]
  • 7. Index of Scientific and Vernacular Names
    Cephalopods of the World 249 7. INDEX OF SCIENTIFIC AND VERNACULAR NAMES Explanation of the System Italics : Valid scientific names (double entry by genera and species) Italics : Synonyms, misidentifications and subspecies (double entry by genera and species) ROMAN : Family names ROMAN : Scientific names of divisions, classes, subclasses, orders, suborders and subfamilies Roman : FAO names Roman : Local names 250 FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes No. 4, Vol. 1 A B Acanthosepion pageorum .....................118 Babbunedda ................................184 Acanthosepion whitleyana ....................128 bandensis, Sepia ..........................72, 138 aculeata, Sepia ............................63–64 bartletti, Blandosepia ........................138 acuminata, Sepia..........................97,137 bartletti, Sepia ............................72,138 adami, Sepia ................................137 bartramii, Ommastrephes .......................18 adhaesa, Solitosepia plangon ..................109 bathyalis, Sepia ..............................138 affinis, Sepia ...............................130 Bathypolypus sponsalis........................191 affinis, Sepiola.......................158–159, 177 Bathyteuthis .................................. 3 African cuttlefish..............................73 baxteri, Blandosepia .........................138 Ajia-kouika .................................. 115 baxteri, Sepia.............................72,138 albatrossae, Euprymna ........................181 belauensis, Nautilus .....................51,53–54
    [Show full text]
  • Os Nomes Galegos Dos Moluscos
    A Chave Os nomes galegos dos moluscos 2017 Citación recomendada / Recommended citation: A Chave (2017): Nomes galegos dos moluscos recomendados pola Chave. http://www.achave.gal/wp-content/uploads/achave_osnomesgalegosdos_moluscos.pdf 1 Notas introdutorias O que contén este documento Neste documento fornécense denominacións para as especies de moluscos galegos (e) ou europeos, e tamén para algunhas das especies exóticas máis coñecidas (xeralmente no ámbito divulgativo, por causa do seu interese científico ou económico, ou por seren moi comúns noutras áreas xeográficas). En total, achéganse nomes galegos para 534 especies de moluscos. A estrutura En primeiro lugar preséntase unha clasificación taxonómica que considera as clases, ordes, superfamilias e familias de moluscos. Aquí apúntase, de maneira xeral, os nomes dos moluscos que hai en cada familia. A seguir vén o corpo do documento, onde se indica, especie por especie, alén do nome científico, os nomes galegos e ingleses de cada molusco (nalgún caso, tamén, o nome xenérico para un grupo deles). Ao final inclúese unha listaxe de referencias bibliográficas que foron utilizadas para a elaboración do presente documento. Nalgunhas desas referencias recolléronse ou propuxéronse nomes galegos para os moluscos, quer xenéricos quer específicos. Outras referencias achegan nomes para os moluscos noutras linguas, que tamén foron tidos en conta. Alén diso, inclúense algunhas fontes básicas a respecto da metodoloxía e dos criterios terminolóxicos empregados. 2 Tratamento terminolóxico De modo moi resumido, traballouse nas seguintes liñas e cos seguintes criterios: En primeiro lugar, aprofundouse no acervo lingüístico galego. A respecto dos nomes dos moluscos, a lingua galega é riquísima e dispomos dunha chea de nomes, tanto específicos (que designan un único animal) como xenéricos (que designan varios animais parecidos).
    [Show full text]