DOCSLIB.ORG

Greenfield Preservation Area Master Plan Botetourt County, Virginia

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Greenfield Preservation Area Master Plan Botetourt County, Virginia PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK GREENFIELD PRESERVATION AREA MASTER PLAN BOTETOURT COUNTY, VIRGINIA 2017 PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK GREENFIELD PRESERVATION AREA MASTER PLAN TABLE OF CONTENTS 3 PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS—5 CHAPTER 7: MASTER PLAN—45 TIMELINE WALK MASTER PLAN �������������������������������������������� 74 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION—3 POTENTIAL STORIES FOR INTERPRETATION ����������������������������������� 84 ROJECT ACKGROUND P B ������������������������������������������������� 6 STABILIZING HISTORIC RESOURCES ������������������������������������������ 94 CHAPTER 2: PROJECT APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY—9 INTERPRETIVE CENTER AND PUBLIC TOILETS �������������������������������� 45 SITE DEVELOPMENT ������������������������������������������������������� 55 CHAPTER 3: HISTORICAL BACKGROUND—13 PARKING AND VEHICULAR ACCESS ������������������������������������������ 65 NATIVE AMERICAN PRESENCE AT GREENFIELD ������������������������������ 15 RELATIONSHIP TO thE INDUSTRIAL PARK ������������������������������������ 65 HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF GREENFIELD AND COL� WM� PRESTON ������ 61 WEBSITE DEVELOPMENT AND VIRTUAL EXPERIENCE �������������������������� 75 AFRICAN AMERICANS AT GREENFIELD ������������������������������������ 81 COST ESTIMATES AND PHASING PLAN �������������������������������������� 85 FUNDING STRATEGY ������������������������������������������������������ 58 CHAPTER 4: HISTORIC RESOURCES—21 CHART: COST, PHASING, AND FUNDING STRATEGY ������������������������� 26 ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES ������������������������������������������ 32 APPENDICES—65 GREENFIELD STRUCTURES ���������������������������������������������� 42 AppENDIX A: BOTETOURT COUNTY BOARD OF SUPERVISORS ������������������� 65 BOWYER-HOLLADAY HOUSE SITES �������������������������������������� 52 AppENDIX B: GPAC CHARGE AND CONDITIONS ����������������������������� 69 PRESTON CEMETERY ��������������������������������������������������� 26 AppENDIX C: LIST OF SOURCES �������������������������������������������� 71 GISH CEMETERY ������������������������������������������������������� 72 AppENDIX D: LIST OF CEMETERY OCCUPANTS �������������������������������� 72 CHAPTER 5: PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT—29 AppENDIX E: SUGGESTED NAMES FOR PRESERVATION AREA �������������������� 75 ONLINE SURVEY ������������������������������������������������������ 33 AppENDIX F: SURVEY RESULTS ��������������������������������������������� 76 DESIGN WORKSHOP SUMMARY ������������������������������������������ 43 CHAPTER 6: BENCHMARK HERITAGE TOURISM SITE ANALYSIS—35 FORT CHRISTANNA HISTORICAL SITE ������������������������������������ 93 SEttLERS MUSEUM OF SOUthwEST VIRGINIA ���������������������������� 04 WOLF CREEK INDIAN VILLAGE AND MUSEUM ���������������������������� 14 BOOKER T� WASHINGTON NATIONAL MONUMENT ������������������������� 24 FRONTIER CULTURE MUSEUM ������������������������������������������ 34 GREENFIELD PRESERVATION AREA MASTER PLAN TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Greenfield Preservation Area Commission David Marcum, Chair Hill Studio would like to thank the Greenfield Preservation Rupert Cutler, Vice Chair Advisory Commission (GPAC) and Botetourt County staff for Angela Coon their assistance with the development of this master plan for the Donna Henderson Greenfield Preservation Area. The GPAC members represent a Danny Kyle variety of community interests and expertise that brought a broad Ann Layman and diverse perspective to the project. Cody Sexton, Management Cheryl Sullivan Willis Assistant in the Office of the County Administrator, has provided invaluable support to the project team by compiling background Botetourt County Staff information and facilitating stakeholder and public engagement. Cody Sexton Finally, Hill Studio wants to acknowledge the constructive and positive input from county residents as they participated in the online Architectural Historian, Western Region, survey and the design workshop. The vision and commitment of the Virginia Department of Historic Resources GPAC, the County, and the public to preserving and interpreting Mike Pulice the history of Greenfield and the legacy of Colonel William Preston has both guided and inspired Hill Studio in the development of this Preston Historian master plan. Jim Glanville This report, prepared by Hill Studio, relies heavily on the Hill Studio Team documentation, research, narrative and evaluation provided by David P. Hill the Virginia Department of Historic Resources and consultants Alison Blanton in previous reports and investigations of the Greenfield property Ashleigh Kritzberger as part of the ongoing cultural-resource management efforts Greg Webster associated with the property since the County’s acquisition in 1995. Donald Harwood Kate Kronau Mary Ann Anderson, Heritage Tourism consultant Bobby Wampler, P.E., Engineering Concepts, Inc. GREENFIELD PRESERVATION AREA MASTER PLAN ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 1 PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK INTRODUCTION The Greenfield Preservation Area is situated immediately northwest of the entrance to the Botetourt Center at Greenfield on Route 220 in Botetourt County, Virginia. Located approximately five miles south of Fincastle and near the community of Amsterdam, this 925-acre, mixed-use development complex was purchased by the County in 1995 and occupies land historically associated with Greenfield, the mid- 18th century home of Colonel William Preston and his family. The Greenfield Manor House, which remained in the Preston family for over 200 years, burned in 1959. Historic resources associated with the Preston family that presently survive on the property include the Greenfield Slave Quarters and Kitchen, the Bowyer-Holladay House Ruins and Kitchen/Farm Manager’s House, the Preston Cemetery, the Gish Cemetery, and numerous archaeological sites dating to the prehistoric and historic periods. The original master plan for the development of the Botetourt Center at Greenfield identified a 28-acre tract (recommended to expand to 38 acres in February 2017) that included four of the six historic architectural resources. The original master plan for the Botetourt Center at Greenfield proposed relocating the Greenfield Slave Quarters and Kitchen to the Preservation Area. The purpose of designating this Preservation Area was to provide for the preservation and interpretation of the historic resources in an effective and efficient manner that would be accessible to the public while allowing for the development of the remaining land in the complex (Appendix A). GREENFIELD PRESERVATION AREA MASTER PLAN 3 PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK In 2015, Botetourt County proceeded with plans to relocate the Greenfield Slave Quarters and Kitchen to the designated Preservation Area. The County Board of Supervisors established the Greenfield Preservation Advisory Commission (GPAC) in January 2016, with members appointed in August 2016, to recommend a plan for the Preservation Area to preserve and interpret the historic structures, cemeteries and archaeological resources associated with the Greenfield property (Appendix B). The county completed the reclocation of the Greenfield Slave Quarters and Kitchen to the Preservation Area in February 2016. In consultation with the GPAC, the County then contracted Hill Studio in March 2017 to prepare the Greenfield Preservation Area Master Plan. The Hill Studio project team, which included Engineering Concepts and Mary Ann Anderson, worked closely with County staff and the GPAC during the summer of 2017 to compile site data, review existing materials, assess comparable heritage tourism sites, and solicit public and local stakeholder input. Following an intense, one-day design workshop, Hill Studio presented a conceptual master plan draft for the Greenfield Preservation Area to the public on July 11, 2017. The purpose of this master plan is to provide an effective and feasible strategy for the preservation and interpretation of the historic resources in the Greenfield Preservation Area so that county residents and visitors can understand and appreciate the significant role Colonel William Preston and Botetourt County played in the settlement of Southwest Virginia and beyond. Additionally, the surviving dependency buildings and their associated archaeological resources provide valuable insight into the cultural history of African Americans who lived and worked on the property from slavery through emancipation and independence. The master plan proposes to interpret these various stories, from Native American presence on the land to the present time, through a chronological system of trails and informative panels that connect the surviving resources. The plan also recommends improved integration of the Preservation Area to Context map of Greenfield within Botetourt County the surrounding Botetourt Center at Greenfield through connecting trails, vehicular access, public toilet facilities, and the completion of the Colonel William Preston Memorial located at the Greenfield Education Center. Finally, this report includes a strategy plan to fund and implement the development of the Greenfield Preservation Area in phases that can be undertaken by a combination of public and private initiatives. GREENFIELD PRESERVATION AREA MASTER PLAN INTRODUCTION 5 PROJECT BACKGROUND In 1995, Botetourt County purchased a 925-acre tract of land along the restricting development, buffers the Preservation Area from Route west side of Route 220 to develop the Botetourt Center at Greenfield 220. A short drive off of
Load more

Recommended publications
  • William Preston and the Revolutionary Settlement
    Journal of Backcountry Studies EDITOR’S NOTE: This is the third and last installment of the author’s 1990 University of Maryland dissertation, directed by Professor Emory Evans, to be republished in JBS. Dr. Osborn is President of Pacific Union College. William Preston and the Revolutionary Settlement BY RICHARD OSBORN Patriot (1775-1778) Revolutions ultimately conclude with a large scale resolution in the major political, social, and economic issues raised by the upheaval. During the final two years of the American Revolution, William Preston struggled to anticipate and participate in the emerging American regime. For Preston, the American Revolution involved two challenges--Indians and Loyalists. The outcome of his struggles with both groups would help determine the results of the Revolution in Virginia. If Preston could keep the various Indian tribes subdued with minimal help from the rest of Virginia, then more Virginians would be free to join the American armies fighting the English. But if he was unsuccessful, Virginia would have to divert resources and manpower away from the broader colonial effort to its own protection. The other challenge represented an internal one. A large number of Loyalist neighbors continually tested Preston's abilities to forge a unified government on the frontier which could, in turn, challenge the Indians effectivel y and the British, if they brought the war to Virginia. In these struggles, he even had to prove he was a Patriot. Preston clearly placed his allegiance with the revolutionary movement when he joined with other freeholders from Fincastle County on January 20, 1775 to organize their local county committee in response to requests by the Continental Congress that such committees be established.
    [Show full text]
  • The Present Authors Gave a Sketch of Letitia Preston Floyd
    Letitia Preston Floyd's "My Dear Rush" Letter Jim Glanville and Ryan Mays Copyright 2016 Introduction The present authors gave a sketch of Letitia Preston Floyd (1779- 1852) in the previous volume of the SmithfieldReview.! As background for the reader of this article, it may be brieflyreiterated that Letitia Preston Floyd was born on the Virginia frontier in the newly created Montgomery County. Her parents were the Scotch-Irish immigrant William Preston of Augusta County and Susanna Smith of Hanover County. In 1804 she married John Floyd in Kentucky and went on to become a plantation owner, the mother of twelve children (seven of whom survived to adulthood and marriage), and the First Lady of Virginia. The "My Dear Rush" letter is a 32-page manuscript writtenby Mrs. Floyd dated February 22, 1843. The authors of this article discovered the original copy of this document in January 2014 (after its being closely held within the Preston family for 161 years and ten furtheryears in a Smithfield closet) in a storage box at the Smithfield Plantation.2 The manuscript is in the form of a letter to her son Benjamin Rush Floyd and because of its opening salutation is referred to as the "My Dear Rush" letter. The letter was written at her home on the Cavan estate in Burke's Garden in Tazewell County, Virginia, at the instigation of the historian Lyman Draper. 3 The letter is in Mrs. Floyd's own hand and records many things that can be found nowhere else in the historical record. It is also a crucial document for understanding the European settling of southwest Virginia that was spearheaded by her great-uncle James Patton and her father William Preston.
    [Show full text]
  • H. Doc. 108-222
    THIRTY-NINTH CONGRESS MARCH 4, 1865, TO MARCH 3, 1867 FIRST SESSION—December 4, 1865, to July 28, 1866 SECOND SESSION—December 3, 1866, to March 3, 1867 SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE—March 4, 1865, to March 11, 1865 VICE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES—ANDREW JOHNSON, 1 of Tennessee PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE OF THE SENATE—LAFAYETTE S. FOSTER, 2 of Connecticut; BENJAMIN F. WADE, 3 of Ohio SECRETARY OF THE SENATE—JOHN W. FORNEY, of Pennsylvania SERGEANT AT ARMS OF THE SENATE—GEORGE T. BROWN, of Illinois SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES—SCHUYLER COLFAX, 4 of Indiana CLERK OF THE HOUSE—EDWARD MCPHERSON, 5 of Pennsylvania SERGEANT AT ARMS OF THE HOUSE—NATHANIEL G. ORDWAY, of New Hampshire DOORKEEPER OF THE HOUSE—IRA GOODNOW, of Vermont POSTMASTER OF THE HOUSE—JOSIAH GIVEN ALABAMA James Dixon, Hartford GEORGIA SENATORS SENATORS REPRESENTATIVES Vacant Vacant Henry C. Deming, Hartford REPRESENTATIVES 6 Samuel L. Warner, Middletown REPRESENTATIVES Vacant Augustus Brandegee, New London Vacant John H. Hubbard, Litchfield ARKANSAS ILLINOIS SENATORS SENATORS Vacant DELAWARE Lyman Trumbull, Chicago Richard Yates, Jacksonville REPRESENTATIVES SENATORS REPRESENTATIVES Vacant Willard Saulsbury, Georgetown George R. Riddle, Wilmington John Wentworth, Chicago CALIFORNIA John F. Farnsworth, St. Charles SENATORS REPRESENTATIVE AT LARGE Elihu B. Washburne, Galena James A. McDougall, San Francisco John A. Nicholson, Dover Abner C. Harding, Monmouth John Conness, Sacramento Ebon C. Ingersoll, Peoria Burton C. Cook, Ottawa REPRESENTATIVES FLORIDA Henry P. H. Bromwell, Charleston Donald C. McRuer, San Francisco Shelby M. Cullom, Springfield William Higby, Calaveras SENATORS Lewis W. Ross, Lewistown John Bidwell, Chico Vacant 7 Anthony Thornton, Shelbyville Vacant 8 Samuel S.
    [Show full text]
  • Name of Company Telephone Number
    REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS COMPREHENSIVE SUSTAINABLE MASTER PLAN TOWN OF GREENFIELD MASSACHUSETTS William F. Martin, Mayor Eric Twarog, AICP, Director of Planning & Development Date of Issuance: Wednesday, June 4, 2012 Submission Deadline: Thursday, July 26, 2012 @ 2:00 PM Department of Planning & Development, Town of Greenfield, 14 Court Square, Greenfield, MA 01301 Telephone: 413-772-1549 Fax: 413-772-1309 TABLE OF CONTENTS REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS ADVERTISEMENT ----------------------------------------------------------- 3 INTRODUCTION------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 GENERAL INFORMATION AND PROPOSAL SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS ------------------- 4 PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND BACKGROUND ------------------------------------------------------------- 7 SCOPE OF WORK ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 EXISTING PLANNING RESOURCES AND ONGOING PLANNING ACTIVITIES ------------------ 15 TECHNICAL PROPOSAL REQUIREMENTS ------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 PRICE PROPOSAL REQUIREMENTS --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18 EVALUATION CRITERIA------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19 INSURANCE REQUIREMENTS ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 EQUAL OPPORTUNITY COMPLIANCE------------------------------------------------------------------------ 22 PRE-AWARD
    [Show full text]
  • Greenfield Development Without Sprawl: the Role of Planned Communities
    Greenfield Development Without Sprawl: The Role of Planned Communities Jim Heid Urban Land $ Institute About ULI–the Urban Land Institute ULI–the Urban Land Institute is a nonprofit education and research institute that is supported by its members. Its mis- sion is to provide responsible leadership in the use of land in order to enhance the total environment. ULI sponsors education programs and forums to encourage an open international exchange of ideas and sharing of experiences; initiates research that anticipates emerging land use trends and issues and proposes creative solutions based on that research; provides advisory services; and publishes a wide variety of materials to disseminate information on land use and development. Established in 1936, the Institute today has more than 20,000 members and associates from more than 60 countries representing the entire spectrum of the land use and development disciplines. ULI Working Papers on Land Use Policy and Practice. ULI is in the forefront of national discussion and debate on the leading land use policy and practice issues of the day. To encourage and enrich that dialogue, ULI publishes summaries of its forums on land use policy topics and commissions papers by noted thinkers on a range of topics relevant to its research and education agenda. Through its Working Papers on Land Use Policy and Practice series, the Institute hopes to increase the body of knowledge and offer useful insights that contribute to improvements in the quality of land use and real estate development practice throughout the country. Richard M. Rosan President About This Paper ULI Project Staff The Urban Land Institute is recognized as the leading Rachelle L.
    [Show full text]
  • Select List of Collection Processed by Craig Moore
    Select List of Collection Processed by Craig Moore Record Group 1, Colonial Government A Guide to the Colonial Papers, 1630-1778 Record Group 3, Office of the Governor A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor Patrick Henry, 1776-1779 A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor Thomas Jefferson, 1779-1781 A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor Benjamin Harrison, 1781-1784 A Guide to the Executive Papers of Acting Governor William Fleming, 1781 A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor Thomas Nelson, Jr., 1781 A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor Patrick Henry, 1784-1786 A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor Edmund Randolph, 1786-1788 A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor Beverley Randolph, 1788-1791 A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor Henry Lee, 1791-1794 A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor Robert Brooke, 1794-1796 A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor James Wood, 1796-1799 A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor James Monroe, 1799-1802 A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor John Page, 1802-1805 A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor William H. Cabell, 1805-1808 A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor John Tyler, 1808-1811 A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor James Monroe, 1811 A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor George William Smith, 1811-1812 A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor James Barbour, 1812-1814 A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor Wilson Cary Nicholas, 1814-1816 A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor James Patton Preston, 1816-1819 A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor Thomas Mann Randolph, 1819-1822 A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor James Pleasants, 1822-1825 A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor John Tyler, 1825-1827 A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor William B.
    [Show full text]
  • 2015 Civil Affairs Issue Papers: T He Future of Civil Affairs
    2014 - 2015 CIVIL AFFAIRS ISSUE PAPERS: T HE FUTURE OF CIVIL AFFAIRS FOR THIS AND OTHER PUBLICATIONS, VISIT US AT http://www.carlisle.army.mil/ UNITED STATES ARMY WAR COLLEGE Edited by: Christopher Holshek and John C. Church, Jr. PRESS Carlisle Barracks, PA and 2014 - 2015 CIVIL AFFAIRS ISSUE PAPERS: THE FUTURE OF CIVIL AFFAIRS Edited by This Publication PSKOI Website USAWC Website Christopher Holshek ISBN: 978-0-9861865-0-9 John C. Church, Jr. PKSOI PAPER 2014 - 2015 Civil Affairs Issue Papers: “The Future of Civil Affairs” Presented by the Civil Affairs Association In coordination with the U.S. Army Peacekeeping & Stability Operations Institute U.S. Military Academy Center for the Study of Civil-Military Operations and the Foreign Area Officer Association Edited by Christopher Holshek and John C. Church, Jr. The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the -De partment of the Army, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. Authors of Peacekeeping and Stability Operations Institute (PKSOI) publications enjoy full academic freedom, pro- vided they do not disclose classified information, jeopardize operations security, or misrepresent official U.S. policy. Such academic freedom empowers them to offer new and sometimes controversial perspectives in the interest of furthering debate on key issues. This report is cleared for public release; distribution is unlimited. ***** This publication is subject to Title 17, United States Code, Sec- tions 101 and 105. It is in the public domain and may not be copy- righted. ***** Comments pertaining to this report are invited and should be forwarded to: Director, Peacekeeping and Stability Operations Institute, U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Slavery in Ante-Bellum Southern Industries
    A Guide to the Microfilm Edition of BLACK STUDIES RESEARCH SOURCES Microfilms from Major Archival and Manuscript Collections General Editors: John H. Bracey, Jr. and August Meier SLAVERY IN ANTE-BELLUM SOUTHERN INDUSTRIES Series C: Selections from the Virginia Historical Society Part 1: Mining and Smelting Industries Editorial Adviser Charles B. Dew Associate Editor and Guide compiled by Martin Schipper A microfilm project of UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS OF AMERICA An Imprint of CIS 4520 East-West Highway • Bethesda, MD 20814-3389 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Slavery in ante-bellum southern industries [microform]. (Black studies research sources.) Accompanied by printed reel guides, compiled by Martin P. Schipper. Contents: ser. A. Selections from the Duke University Library / editorial adviser, Charles B. Dew, associate editor, Randolph Boehm—ser. B. Selections from the Southern Historical Collection, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill—ser. C. Selections from the Virginia Historical Society / editorial adviser, Charles B. Dew, associate editor, Martin P. Schipper. 1. Slave labor—Southern States—History—Sources. 2. Southern States—Industries—Histories—Sources. I. Dew, Charles B. II. Boehm, Randolph. III. Duke University. Library. IV. University Publications of America (Firm). V. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Library. Southern Historical Collection. VI. Virginia Historical Society. HD4865 306.3′62′0975 91-33943 ISBN 1-55655-547-4 (ser. C : microfilm) CIP Compilation © 1996 by University Publications
    [Show full text]
  • The Housing Affordability Crisis
    Addressing The Housing Affordability Crisis San Diego Housing Production Objectives 2018-2028 We’re About People “Increase the number of housing opportunities that serve low-income and homeless individuals and families in the City of San Diego” Strategic Plan Goal San Diego Housing Commission September 9, 2016 Message from the President & CEO September 21, 2017 Identifying solutions to the housing affordability crisis in the City of San Diego requires innovation, collaboration, and the will to take action. I commend and thank our City, County, State and Federal elected officials, as well as the San Diego Housing Commission (SDHC) Board of Commissioners, for demonstrating their commitment to all three. When SDHC released our landmark report, “Addressing the Housing Affordability Crisis: An Action Plan for San Diego,” on November 25, 2015, we identified 11 recommended actions at the Local, State and Federal levels to reduce housing development costs and to increase production. To date, action has been taken on nine of these 11 recommendations, including the first—to set annual goals for housing production. To facilitate the creation of these goals for the City of San Diego, SDHC, in collaboration with San Diego City Councilmembers Scott Sherman and David Alvarez, the Chair and Vice Chair, respectively, of the City Council’s Smart Growth and Land Use Committee, studied the City’s overall housing production needs, its current supply, as well as its capacity for additional homes. Although the City of San Diego’s housing needs are even higher than previously estimated, the good news is that the City has enough capacity to create sufficient housing to meet our 10-year needs, as identified in this report.
    [Show full text]
  • JFQ 31 JFQ▼ FORUM Sponds to Aggravated Peacekeeping in Joint Pub 3–0
    0203 C2 & Pgs 1-3 3/3/04 9:07 AM Page ii The greatest lesson of this war has been the extent to which air, land, and sea operations can and must be coordinated by joint planning and unified command. —General Henry H. (“Hap”) Arnold Report to the Secretary of War Cover 2 0203 C2 & Pgs 1-3 3/27/04 7:18 AM Page iii JFQ Page 1—no folio 0203 C2 & Pgs 1-3 3/3/04 9:07 AM Page 2 CONTENTS A Word from the Chairman 4 by John M. Shalikashvili In This Issue 6 by the Editor-in-Chief Living Jointness 7 by William A. Owens Taking Stock of the New Joint Age 15 by Ike Skelton JFQ Assessing the Bottom-Up Review 22 by Andrew F. Krepinevich, Jr. JOINT FORCE QUARTERLY Living Jointness JFQ FORUM Bottom-Up Review Standing Up JFQ Joint Education Coalitions Theater Missle Vietnam Defense as Military History Standing Up Coalitions Atkinson‘s Crusade Defense Transportation 25 The Whats and Whys of Coalitions 26 by Anne M. Dixon 94 W93inter Implications for U.N. Peacekeeping A PROFESSIONAL MILITARY JOURNAL 29 by John O.B. Sewall PHOTO CREDITS The cover features an Abrams main battle tank at National Training Center (Military The Cutting Edge of Unified Actions Photography/Greg Stewart). Insets: [top left] 34 by Thomas C. Linn Operation Desert Storm coalition officers reviewing forces in Kuwait City (DOD), [bottom left] infantrymen fording a stream in Vietnam Preparing Future Coalition Commanders (DOD), [top right] students at the Armed Forces Staff College (DOD), and [bottom right] a test 40 by Terry J.
    [Show full text]
  • Town Council Quarterly Report Town of Cary, North Carolina Fy 2018 Fourth Quarter Cary Mayor & Town Council Members
    TOWN COUNCIL QUARTERLY REPORT TOWN OF CARY, NORTH CAROLINA FY 2018 FOURTH QUARTER CARY MAYOR & TOWN COUNCIL MEMBERS THANK YOU FOR YOUR CONTINUED LEADERSHIP, VISION AND SETTING THE CULTURE OF EXCELLENCE FOR OUR ORGANIZATION AND COMMUNITY. WE LOOK FORWARD TO WORKING WITH EACH OF YOU TO KEEP CARY GREAT. Mayor Mayor Pro Tem Council Member Harold Weinbrecht Lori Bush Ed Yerha Council Member Council Member Council Member Don Frantz Ken George Jennifer Robinson Council Member Jack Smith TOWN OF CARY FY 2018 4th Quarter Report Page 1 IN MOVING CARY FORWARD On behalf of our employees, thank you to for unanimously employees. We’re also pleased that WakeMed Cary shares adopting the FY 2019 budget. The document that will guide our commitment to easing the burdens of the opioid us into 2019 and beyond continues to set high standards epidemic on our community. We look forward to sharing for ourselves and the community and is reflective of the with Council the preliminary results of our Bloomberg exceptional services that our citizens have come to expect. pilot at the Quarterly meeting. Throughout this quarter we have refined our focus to reimagine our organization. This focus requires hard THREE AREAS OF NOTE THIS QUARTER INCLUDE: conversations. It requires self-examination and awareness ■ An update on the continued investment in our to ensure that everyone is playing a meaningful role in regional transit plan; specifically, detailed information shaping the organization we are becoming. To meet the related to the FY 2019 Wake Transit work plan. goals set forth in the Imagine Cary Community Plan, it’s ■ Cary Tennis Park and USA Baseball National Training critical that we align our people — their strengths and Center welcomed back the ACC and NCAA athletics skills — with the processes that we will need in the future.
    [Show full text]
  • The Brownfield Bounce More Than Greenfield Land, Brownfield Development Benefits the City in Several Other Ways That
    March 2018 While brownfield land typically costs developers The brownfield bounce more than greenfield land, brownfield development benefits the city in several other ways that • Land can be defined as brownfield or greenfield. expanding Auckland’s footprint does not. It can: Brownfield development occurs on land that has • use existing infrastructure capacity already been developed and therefore has • create the intensification that makes public existing infrastructure. Greenfield construction is transport and other amenities more feasible done on land that has not been previously • impose fewer external costs (like long-distance developed, usually further from the CBD. congestion) on other users of the transport • Over the three years prior to adoption of the network. Unitary Plan, the share of development happening in brownfield areas fell steadily. While some greenfield development will likely be • In the months immediately following the adoption needed to accommodate Auckland’s growth, of the Unitary Plan, this trend continued, creating Auckland Council’s Future Urban Land Supply questions over how effective the Unitary Plan Strategy (FULSS) has estimated that greenfield would be in stimulating brownfield growth. • However, since the second half of 2017, the infrastructure will cost around $140,000 per market appears to be strongly responding to the dwelling on average, far more than in brownfields. Unitary Plan upzoning, with huge growth in In addition to using existing infrastructure better, brownfield consents, even as total building brownfields allow for more viable public transport consents issued also continue to rise. and shorter distances to a large number of Why brown is our favourite colour amenities. Development anywhere requires investment in Since Auckland Council was established in 2010, infrastructure that could include waste, storm, and there has been an increased push for development potable water pipes, and road upgrades.
    [Show full text]