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Crassochrysa, a New Genus of Chrysopinae from South Africa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) H

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Crassochrysa, a New Genus of Chrysopinae from South Africa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) H illytophylactica 22: 285-288 (1990) CRASSOCHRYSA, A NEW GENUS OF CHRYSOPINAE FROM SOUTH AFRICA (NEUROPTERA: CHRYSOPIDAE) H. HOLZEL, Eppersdorf 1, A-9371 , Bruckl, Austria ABsTRACT Key words: Chrysopidae, Chrysopinae, Neuroptera, new genus, new species, South Africa, Transvaal A new genus and species, Crassochrysa proxima, is described from the Transvaal, South Africa. Uittreksel CRASSOCHRYSA, 'N NUWE GENUS VAN CHRYSOPINAE VAN SUID·AFRlKA (NEUROP· TERA: CHRYSOPIDAE) 'n Nuwe genus en spesies, Crassochrysa proxima, word beskryf van Transvaal, Suid-Afrika. CRASSOCHRYSA GEN. Nov. temal tooth. Antennae stout, usually shorter than wings. Wings with two irregular series of gradates, Type species: Chrysopa aculeata Tjeder, 1966. usually not touching pseudomedia; intramedian cell Stout species with rather stout short antennae. triangular, its tip always beyond first radio-medial Mandibles symmetrical, sickle-shaped, with large in- crossvein, which is oblique. 2 1 mm 0.25 mm FlG. 1-4. Crassochrysa aculeata (Tjeder). 1. Mandibles; 2. Apex Received 20 October 1989; accepted for publication 2 February of male abdomen; 3. Gonarcus complex, lateral; 4. 1990 Arcessus, dorsal 285 CRASSOCHRYSA, A NEW GENUS OF CR YSOPINAE FROM SOUTH AFRICA 5 .. ..... --- 0.25 mm 6 8 FIG. 5-7. Crassochrysa proximo sp. nov. (holotype d'). 5. Apex of abdomen, lateral; 6. Gonarcus complex, lateral; 7. Gonapsis, dorsal; 8. Gonarcus-complex, caudal cf: sterna 8 and 9 fused, tignum absent; gonarcus of sternum 7; spermatheca pillbox-shaped with ven­ with large entoprocessus and arcessus; gonapsis pre­ tral impression. sent or absent; gonocristae absent; gonosaccus with Three African species, Chrysopa aculeata Tjeder, long gonosetae. C. proxima sp. nov. and an undescribed species from ~: a tooth-like projection present on apical venter Somalia, are thus far known to belong to this genus. 286 H.HOLZEL o 9 " ....... 12 --- 1 "'III --- I ..... f \ 11 1 i . ". -./' } : i \ ,, \ 0.21 111m FIG. 9-12. Crassochrysa proxima sp. nov. (paratype ~ from Ingwe). 9. Apex of abdomen, lateral; 10. Tarsal claw, left foreleg; 11. Spermatheca, lateral; 12. Subgenitale, ventral i:nedial crossvein in the forewing and the tooth-like projection on sternum 7 of the female abdomen. They all share an apomorphic character, the sym­ metrical mandibles with a large internal tooth, hitherto unknown in any other genus of Chrysopinae (Fig. 1). The adults are not carnivorous, judging from the crop contents. Crassochrysa aculeata (Tjeder) comb. nov. Fig. 1-4, 13. Chrysopa aculeata Tjeder, 1966: 491. Holotype d from Candover, Zululand, in Transvaal Museum, Pretoria. Redescription (Based on 2 d and 16 ~). Length of forewings 10-12 nun, hindwings 9-11 13 mm; antennae shorter than forewings. Head without yellow spots, sometimes with a short reddish stripe­ like shading on each side of vertex near eye margin. Palpi and antennae yellowish, flagellum brownish towards tip. Thorax green with yellow median stripe; pronotum very short, much broader than long. Legs yellow, claws with broad basal tooth. FIG. 13. Crassochrysa aculeata (Tjeder), wings Wings without spots or shadings. Venation entirely green; intramedlan cell triangular, its tip extending beyond first radio-medial crossvein. Forewings with A female "cotype" of Chrysopa sumatrensis Esben­ 6-7 inner, and 8-9 outer gradates; hindwings with Petersen from Sumatra, in the Vienna Museum, also 5-6 and 7-8 respectively. probably belongs here. All these species can be iden­ Abdomen yellowish. Apex of d as in Fig. 2, tified by the stout antennae, the oblique first radio- gonarcus complex as in Fig. 3-4; gonapsis absent. ~ 287 CRASSOCHRYSA, A NEW GENUS OF CRYSOPINAE FROM SOUTII AFRICA genitalia as depicted by Tjeder (1966, Fig. chardt, 22° 56' S 29° 44' E, 8. ii. 1988, H. Holzel & 1784-1790) . P. Ohm (National Collection of Insects, Pretoria); Distribution: South Africa (Natal, Transvaal). paratypes: 1 ~ same data as holotype; 1 ~, Rusten­ burg Nature Reserve, 950 m, 25° 40' S 27° 12' E, Material examined 17-19. ii. 1985; 1 ~, Saartjiesnek (20 km W. Preto­ SOUTII AFRICA, Transvaal: 1 d' 4 ~ , Lapalala Na­ ria), 1450 m, 25° 44' S 28° 00' E, 21. ii. 1985, all H., ture Reserve, 23° 51' S 28° 17' E, 21-22. i. 1987, B. U., C. ASpOck, M. W. Mansell, H. Holzel (in Holzel Grobbelaar; 2 ~ , Nylsvley Nature Reserve, 24° 39' S Collection). 28° 42' E, 1200 m, 5. ii. and 1. iii. 1985; 1 ~, Langjan Nature Reserve, 850 m, 22° 52' S 29° 14 E, 13. ii. DISCUSSION 1985; 2 ~, Skukuza, Kruger National Park 24° 59' In the Old World Chrysopidae there is a group of S 31° 55' E, 25. ii. 1985; 1 cJ 7 ~, Punda Maria, genera with very similar wmg venation and simple Kruger National Park, 22° 41' S 31° 02' E, morphology of the male genitalia, namely, an arched 28. ii. 1985, 7. ii. 1988, all H., U., C. AspOck, gonarcus with a pair of entoprocessus and an un­ H. Holzel, M. W. Mansell and P. Ohm (in National paired arcessus; a gonapsis is sometimes present, a Collection of Insects, Pretoria and Holzel Collec­ tignum is lacking. Cunctochrysa Holzel, Apertoch· tion). rysa Tjeder and Crassochrysa belong to this group of Crassochrysaproxbnasp. nov. Fig. 5-12 ~enera. The same wing venation pattern but differ- 109 male genital structures (tignum and gonapsis pre· Description sent) are characteristic of Mallada Navas. The suru· Length offorewings: cJ 11 mm; ~ 11 ,5-13mm; hind­ laritles point to a probable sister-group relationship wings: cJ 10mm; ~ 10,5-12mm;antennaeshorterthan between CunctochrysalApertochrysa and Crasso· forewings. chrysa with Mallada rather than with Suarius Navas. Head yellow, frons under antennal bases, genae In the African fauna, Apertochrysa is represented and clypeus red; a distinct red stripe on each side of by A. umbrosa (Navas) and a number of unde­ vertex near eye-margins. Palpi and antennae yellow­ scribed species; Chrysopa kannemeyeri Esben-Peter· ish, flagellum brownish distally. Thorax green with sen and C. squamosa Tjeder belong to Cuncto· yellow median stripe; pronotum short, much chrysa. Apparently the main difference between broader than long. these two genera is to be found in the wing venation: Legs yellow, claws with basal tooth (Fig. 10). in Apertochrysa the gradates never touch the pseu­ Wings without spots or shadings. Venation entirely domedia, in Cunctochrysa they always do. green; intramedlan cell triangular, its tip extending beyond first radio-medial crossvein. Forewings with ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 4--6 inner, and 7-9 outer gradates; hindwings with I wish to thank M. W. Mansell (National Collec­ 3-5 and 6-8 respectively. tion of Insects, Pretoria) for the loan of material and Abdomen ~een with yellow dorsal stripe. Apex for helping to prepare the manuscript for publica­ as in Fig. 5 Ld') and Fig. 9 (~). Genital structures as tion. in Fig. 6-8, ~ subgenitale and spermatheca as in Fig. The National Parks Board are thanked for grant­ 11,12. ing permission to collect insects in the Kruger Natio­ Crassochrysa proxima is similar to C. aculeata, but nal Park, and the Transvaal Department of Nature the two species can be differentiated by the markings Conservation for the mentioned Reserves under on the head. In C. proxima the face and parts of the their control. This work was carried out under the vertex are red, in C. aculeata the head is uniformly auspices of projects registered with these two bodies yellow. An important difference is to be found in the by the National Collection of Insects, Pretoria. male genitalia: in C. aculeata the gonapsis is absent. Material examined REFERENCE TJEDER, B. 1966. Neuroptera-Planipennia. The Lace-wings of SOUTII AFRICA, Transvaal: Holotype d', Sout­ Southern Africa. 5. Family Chrysopidae. South African Animal pansberg, 1 350 m, Ingwe Motel near Louis Tri- Life 12: 228-534. Printed by the Government Printer, Private Bag X85, Pretoria, 0001 288 Bibliography of the Neuropterida Bibliography of the Neuropterida Reference number (r#): 7218 Reference Citation: Hölzel, H. 1990 [1990.??.??]. Crassochrysa, a new genus of Chrysopinae from South Africa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). Phytophylactica 22:285-288. Copyrights: Any/all applicable copyrights reside with, and are reserved by, the publisher(s), the author(s) and/or other entities as allowed by law. No copyrights belong to the Bibliography of the Neuropterida. Notes: File: File produced for the Bibliography of the Neuropterida (BotN) component of the Lacewing Digital Library (LDL) Project, 2015. .
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