DOCSLIB.ORG

Being Korean in Japan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Diaspora without Homeland: Being Korean in Japan Edited by Sonia Ryang and John Lie Published in association with University of California Press Description: More than one-half million people of Korean descent reside in Japan today—the largest ethnic minority in a country often assumed to be homogeneous. This timely, interdisciplinary volume blends original empirical research with the vibrant field of diaspora studies to understand the complicated history, identity, and status of the Korean minority in Japan. An international group of scholars explores commonalities and contradictions in the Korean diasporic experience, touching on such issues as citizenship and belonging, the personal and the political, and homeland and hostland. Editors: Sonia Ryang is Associate Professor of Anthropology and International Studies, C. Maxwell & Elizabeth M. Stanley Family and Korea Foundation Scholar of Korean Studies, and Director of the Center for Asian and Pacific Studies at the University of Iowa. John Lie is Class of 1959 Professor of Sociology and Dean of International and Area Studies at the University of California, Berkeley. Contributors: Mark E. Caprio, Erin Aeran Chung, Chikako Kashiwazaki, Ichiro Kuraishi, John Lie, Youngmi Lim, Tessa Morris-Suzuki, Sonia Ryang, Yu Jia Review: “Diaspora without Homeland sets a new standard for the study of Japan’s Korean diaspora. Beginning with Sonia Ryang’s evocative introduction, the uniformly excellent chapters in this volume reveal the rich and complex experience of being Korean in Japan.” —Nancy Abelmann, University of Illinois Diaspora without Homeland UC-RyangLie_ToPress.indd i 1/16/2009 2:38:30 PM UC-RyangLie_ToPress.indd ii 1/16/2009 2:38:31 PM Diaspora without Homeland Being Korean in Japan Edited by Sonia Ryang and John Lie Global, Area, and International Archive University of California Press Berkeley los Angeles London UC-RyangLie_ToPress.indd iii 1/16/2009 2:38:31 PM The Global, Area, and International Archive (GAIA) is an initiative of International and Area Studies, University of California, Berkeley, in partnership with the University of California Press, the California Digital Library, and international research programs across the UC system. GAIA volumes, which are published in both print and open- access digital editions, represent the best traditions of regional studies, reconfigured through fresh global, transnational, and thematic perspectives. University of California Press, one of the most distinguished university presses in the United States, enriches lives around the world by advancing scholarship in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences. Its activities are supported by the UC Press Foundation and by philanthropic contributions from individuals and institutions. For more information, visit www.ucpress.edu. University of California Press Berkeley and Los Angeles, California University of California Press, Ltd. London, England © 2009 by The Regents of the University of California Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Diaspora without homeland : being Korean in Japan / edited by Sonia Ryang and John Lie. p. cm. (Global, area, and international archive ; 8) Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn : 978-0-520-09863-3 1. Koreans — Japan — Social conditions. 2. Japan — Ethnic relations. 3. Marginality, Social — Japan. I. Ryang, Sonia. II. Lie, John. DS832.7. K6D53 2009 305.895'7052 — dc22 2008045210 Manufactured in the United States of America 19 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of ansi/niso z39.48 – 1992 (r 1997) (Permanence of Paper). UC-RyangLie_ToPress.indd iv 1/16/2009 2:38:31 PM Contents Introduction. Between the Nations: Diaspora and Koreans in Japan 1 Sonia Ryang 1. Occupations of Korea and Japan and the Origins of the Korean Diaspora in Japan 21 Mark E. Caprio and Yu Jia 2. Freedom and Homecoming: Narratives of Migration in the Repatriation of Zainichi Koreans to North Korea 39 Tessa Morris-Suzuki 3. Visible and Vulnerable: The Predicament of Koreans in Japan 62 Sonia Ryang 4. Reinventing Korean Roots and Zainichi Routes: The Invisible Diaspora among Naturalized Japanese of Korean Descent 81 Youngmi Lim 5. Pacchigi! and Go: Representing Zainichi in Recent Cinema 107 Ichiro Kuraishi 6. The Foreigner Category for Koreans in Japan: Opportunities and Constraints 121 Chikako Kashiwazaki UC-RyangLie_ToPress.indd v 1/16/2009 2:38:31 PM 7. The Politics of Contingent Citizenship: Korean Political Engagement in Japan and the United States 147 Erin Aeran Chung 8. The End of the Road? The Post-Zainichi Generation 168 John Lie Notes 181 References 199 Contributors 219 Index 221 UC-RyangLie_ToPress.indd vi 1/16/2009 2:38:31 PM Introduction: Between the Nations Diaspora and Koreans in Japan Sonia Ryang How many Koreans are there in the world today? Answering this question would appear to be a relatively simple endeavor, considering that Korea is a small nation. Yet it quickly becomes complicated, involving the calculus not only of demography but of political allegiance, social affiliation, and cultural identity. Divided among North and South, the population of the Koreas today amounts to seventy-two million, or so the readily available statistics say. However, millions more Koreans live outside the Korean peninsula. According to one set of data, as of 1995 there were 4,938,345 Koreans residing permanently overseas, with 1,661,034 in the United States and 659,323 in Japan; other significant areas of concentration were China (two million) and the former Soviet Union, notably Kazakhstan (about 490,000). The 2004 U.S. census recorded 1,251,092 Koreans, while the 2004 statistics from Japan’s Ministry of Justice documented 607,419 Koreans registered as aliens (Yau 2004, United States Bureau of the Census 2007, Japan Ministry of Justice 2004). Such figures shift fast, reflecting tempo- rary or permanent repatriation, migration, immigration, naturalization, acquisition of residence, and other residential arrangements. Depending on the legal practices and demographic methods of the host nation, “Korean” in this context could mean either Korean ethnicity (while claiming citi- zenship of the host country) or actual Korean nationality (while being denationalized and stateless in one’s country of birth). The demographic map of Koreans residing outside of their homeland reveals the cartographic traces of colonialism, World War II, the Korean War, and the Cold War. Koreans in Japan in particular are marked as reminders of Japan’s colonial rule of Korea and the ensuing wars that shaped the global Korean diaspora. Despite its global extent and visibility, however, the Korean diaspora in general (and in Japan in particular) is 1 UC-RyangLie_ToPress.indd 1 1/16/2009 2:38:31 PM 2 / Sonia Ryang not a familiar subject of diaspora studies. Rather, Western scholarship on Koreans in Japan has dealt with them as Japan’s foreign minority, as if to concur with the Japanese nation-state’s official stance of monoethnicity. This volume fills the existing gap between Korean studies and diaspora studies by locating Koreans in Japan in current Western discourses of diaspora.1 By stating the above, however, I do not mean to conjure a crystal cita- del of diaspora studies and beg for “Korea” to be included. Discourses of diaspora are themselves unstable, heterogeneous, and (I might even say) promiscuous, in continual intellectual intercourse with multiple partners. The tendency for discourses of diaspora to gravitate toward strong emo- tion on the one hand and objective theory on the other, to obsess over the past while envisioning a utopian future, to slide into hopeless pessimism and then to surface with euphoric optimism — these attest to their capacity for incorrigibly multiple engagements. 1 Existing models of diaspora, when set in extremes, can be divided into the “classical” and “cultural studies” models. The classical model, exempli- fied by the Jewish Diaspora, is premised upon original ethnic persecu- tion as the cause of dispersal and loss of homeland. It is accompanied by a strong sense of connection to home (or homeland), the loss of which is suffered collectively by the dispersed population. This may manifest as collective memory, myth, nostalgia, desire to return, organized action or commitment to homecoming, efforts to preserve one’s original culture and mythical heritage, insistence on difference from the hostland population, and so on. As such, classical diasporas often take a politicized, collective form. Ongoing ethnic persecution becomes an ontological precondition for diasporic community formation.2 The second model is concerned with life’s insecurity and an ongoing crisis of identity, which, although generally associated with modernity and the rise of the reflexive self, in this case is specifically related to the loss of an original homeland (real or imaginary), which may be perceived either as part of the past or of contemporary experience. In this model, one’s diasporic self-consciousness and self-appointment as a homeless, displaced, and dislocated subject are critical in identifying a diasporic form of life. As such, the cultural-studies model takes as the most decisive criterion for identifying diaspora to be an irreducible diasporic consciousness or state of mind. UC-RyangLie_ToPress.indd 2 1/16/2009 2:38:32 PM Introduction / 3 If the first model emphasizes the phylogeny (or collective genesis) of diaspora, the second stresses ontogeny (or individual genesis). But the two models are not as far apart as they first might appear to be — they both reside on a conceptual base of home and homeland. There are people in diaspora for whom original exodus is no longer significant. There are those who are still deeply injured by recent exile and banishment. Some diaspo- ras are unable to trace their origins to one country, since they originate from various parts of an entire continent that is now divided into many nations. Other diasporas are the result of recent civil wars among newly formed nations.
Recommended publications
  • Opening the Island

    Opening the Island

    Mayumi Itoh. Globalization of Japan : Japanese Sakoku mentality and U. S. efforts to open Japan. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1998. 224 pp. $45.00, cloth, ISBN 978-0-312-17708-9. Reviewed by Sandra Katzman Published on H-US-Japan (February, 1999) Japan is ten years into its third kaikoku, or reader in the Japanese mentality through these open door policy, in modern history. phrases without requiring Japanese or Chinese This book is well-organized into two parts: scripts. Some of the most important words are "The Japanese Sakoku Mentality" and "Japan's Kokusaika: internationalization Gaijin: out‐ Sakoku Policy: Case Studies." Although its subject sider, foreigner Kaikoku: open-door policy includes breaking news, such as the rice tariffs, Saikoku: secluded nation Gaiatsu: external pres‐ the book has a feeling of completion. The author, sure Mayumi Itoh, has successfully set the subject in Part I has fve chapters: Historical Back‐ history, looking backward and looking forward. ground, the Sakoku Mentality and Japanese Per‐ Itoh is Associate Professor of Political Science at ceptions of Kokusaika, Japanese Perceptions of the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. the United States, Japanese Perceptions of Asia, Itoh argues that although globalization is a and Japanese Perceptions of ASEAN and Japan's national policy of Japan, mental habits preclude Economic Diplomacy. its success. She sets the globalization as the third Part II has fve chapters: Japan's Immigration in a series of outward expansions, each one pre‐ and Foreign Labor Policies, Okinawa and the cipitated by the United States. The style of writing Sakoku Mentality, Kome Kaikoku: Japan's Rice is scholarly and easy to understand.
  • When Fear Is Substituted for Reason: European and Western Government Policies Regarding National Security 1789-1919

    When Fear Is Substituted for Reason: European and Western Government Policies Regarding National Security 1789-1919

    WHEN FEAR IS SUBSTITUTED FOR REASON: EUROPEAN AND WESTERN GOVERNMENT POLICIES REGARDING NATIONAL SECURITY 1789-1919 Norma Lisa Flores A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY December 2012 Committee: Dr. Beth Griech-Polelle, Advisor Dr. Mark Simon Graduate Faculty Representative Dr. Michael Brooks Dr. Geoff Howes Dr. Michael Jakobson © 2012 Norma Lisa Flores All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Dr. Beth Griech-Polelle, Advisor Although the twentieth century is perceived as the era of international wars and revolutions, the basis of these proceedings are actually rooted in the events of the nineteenth century. When anything that challenged the authority of the state – concepts based on enlightenment, immigration, or socialism – were deemed to be a threat to the status quo and immediately eliminated by way of legal restrictions. Once the façade of the Old World was completely severed following the Great War, nations in Europe and throughout the West started to revive various nineteenth century laws in an attempt to suppress the outbreak of radicalism that preceded the 1919 revolutions. What this dissertation offers is an extended understanding of how nineteenth century government policies toward radicalism fostered an environment of increased national security during Germany’s 1919 Spartacist Uprising and the 1919/1920 Palmer Raids in the United States. Using the French Revolution as a starting point, this study allows the reader the opportunity to put events like the 1848 revolutions, the rise of the First and Second Internationals, political fallouts, nineteenth century imperialism, nativism, Social Darwinism, and movements for self-government into a broader historical context.
  • Vaitoskirjascientific MASCULINITY and NATIONAL IMAGES IN

    Vaitoskirjascientific MASCULINITY and NATIONAL IMAGES IN

    Faculty of Arts University of Helsinki, Finland SCIENTIFIC MASCULINITY AND NATIONAL IMAGES IN JAPANESE SPECULATIVE CINEMA Leena Eerolainen DOCTORAL DISSERTATION To be presented for public discussion with the permission of the Faculty of Arts of the University of Helsinki, in Room 230, Aurora Building, on the 20th of August, 2020 at 14 o’clock. Helsinki 2020 Supervisors Henry Bacon, University of Helsinki, Finland Bart Gaens, University of Helsinki, Finland Pre-examiners Dolores Martinez, SOAS, University of London, UK Rikke Schubart, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark Opponent Dolores Martinez, SOAS, University of London, UK Custos Henry Bacon, University of Helsinki, Finland Copyright © 2020 Leena Eerolainen ISBN 978-951-51-6273-1 (paperback) ISBN 978-951-51-6274-8 (PDF) Helsinki: Unigrafia, 2020 The Faculty of Arts uses the Urkund system (plagiarism recognition) to examine all doctoral dissertations. ABSTRACT Science and technology have been paramount features of any modernized nation. In Japan they played an important role in the modernization and militarization of the nation, as well as its democratization and subsequent economic growth. Science and technology highlight the promises of a better tomorrow and future utopia, but their application can also present ethical issues. In fiction, they have historically played a significant role. Fictions of science continue to exert power via important multimedia platforms for considerations of the role of science and technology in our world. And, because of their importance for the development, ideologies and policies of any nation, these considerations can be correlated with the deliberation of the role of a nation in the world, including its internal and external images and imaginings.
  • Mother of the Nation: Femininity, Modernity, and Class in the Image of Empress Teimei

    Mother of the Nation: Femininity, Modernity, and Class in the Image of Empress Teimei

    Mother of the Nation: Femininity, Modernity, and Class in the Image of Empress Teimei By ©2016 Alison Miller Submitted to the graduate degree program in the History of Art and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. ________________________________ Chairperson Dr. Maki Kaneko ________________________________ Dr. Sherry Fowler ________________________________ Dr. David Cateforis ________________________________ Dr. John Pultz ________________________________ Dr. Akiko Takeyama Date Defended: April 15, 2016 The Dissertation Committee for Alison Miller certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Mother of the Nation: Femininity, Modernity, and Class in the Image of Empress Teimei ________________________________ Chairperson Dr. Maki Kaneko Date approved: April 15, 2016 ii Abstract This dissertation examines the political significance of the image of the Japanese Empress Teimei (1884-1951) with a focus on issues of gender and class. During the first three decades of the twentieth century, Japanese society underwent significant changes in a short amount of time. After the intense modernizations of the late nineteenth century, the start of the twentieth century witnessed an increase in overseas militarism, turbulent domestic politics, an evolving middle class, and the expansion of roles for women to play outside the home. As such, the early decades of the twentieth century in Japan were a crucial period for the formation of modern ideas about femininity and womanhood. Before, during, and after the rule of her husband Emperor Taishō (1879-1926; r. 1912-1926), Empress Teimei held a highly public role, and was frequently seen in a variety of visual media.
  • Black Anarchism, Pedro Riberio

    Black Anarchism, Pedro Riberio

    TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction.....................................................................................................................2 2. The Principles of Anarchism, Lucy Parsons....................................................................3 3. Anarchism and the Black Revolution, Lorenzo Komboa’Ervin......................................10 4. Beyond Nationalism, But not Without it, Ashanti Alston...............................................72 5. Anarchy Can’t Fight Alone, Kuwasi Balagoon...............................................................76 6. Anarchism’s Future in Africa, Sam Mbah......................................................................80 7. Domingo Passos: The Brazilian Bakunin.......................................................................86 8. Where Do We Go From Here, Michael Kimble..............................................................89 9. Senzala or Quilombo: Reflections on APOC and the fate of Black Anarchism, Pedro Riberio...........................................................................................................................91 10. Interview: Afro-Colombian Anarchist David López Rodríguez, Lisa Manzanilla & Bran- don King........................................................................................................................96 11. 1996: Ballot or the Bullet: The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Electoral Process in the U.S. and its relation to Black political power today, Greg Jackson......................100 12. The Incomprehensible
  • Asian Affairs

    Asian Affairs

    Georgetown Journal of ASIAN AFFAIRS POLICY FORUM Water Security in South Asia: Between State and Society Preparing for Pan-Epidemics of Urban Yellow Majed Akhter Fever Daniel Lucey Transboundary Haze and Human Security in Southeast Asia The Strategic and Tactical Implications of ISIS Helena Varkkey on Southeast Asia’s Militant Groups Zachary Abuza Japan’s Defense Strategy in Graying Asia Jennifer Dabbs Sciubba Maritime Security Deficits and International Cooperation: Illegal Fishing and Maritime Migration for Human Security? The Contribution Piracy in Southeast Asia of Translocality to Social Resilience Derek Reveron Harald Sterly, Kayly Ober & Patrick Sakdapolrak Securing or Securitizing? Human Security in Asia with an introduction by Mely Caballero-Anthony Published by the Asian Studies Program in the Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service Georgetown Journal of ASIAN AFFAIRS Vol. 3 | No. 1 | Fall 2016 The Georgetown Journal of Asian Affairs is the flagship scholarly publication of the Asian Studies Program housed within the Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University. Established in 2014, the Journal aims to provide a forum for schol- ars and practitioners in the field of Asian affairs to exchange ideas and publish research that further the understanding of the world’s largest and most populous continent. The views expressed in this issue do not necessarily reflect those of the Journal ’s editors and advisors, the Asian Studies Program, the Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, or Georgetown University.
  • The Denationalized Have No Class: the Banishment of Japan's Korean Minority-- a POLEMIC

    The Denationalized Have No Class: the Banishment of Japan's Korean Minority-- a POLEMIC

    Volume 6 | Issue 6 | Article ID 2776 | Jun 01, 2008 The Asia-Pacific Journal | Japan Focus The Denationalized Have No Class: The Banishment of Japan's Korean Minority-- A POLEMIC Sonia Ryang The Denationalized Have No Class: The compounded. Banishment of Japan’s Korean Minority-- A POLEMIC Sonia Ryang 1. In a recent article by Bumsoo Kim entitled “Bringing class back in: the changing basis of inequality and the Korean minority in Japan,” I read: “[…] this study shows that the Young Koreans in Japan celebrate legal/institutional and socioeconomic wedding in traditional Korean style. structural changes in Japan for the past few decades, by decreasing Nevertheless, what the above passage made me ethnic inequality between Koreans wonder—and what I found to be odd in it—was and Japanese while increasing class this: Koreans in Japan have always had inequality among Koreans, have made incorporated class stratification: throughout class more significant than ethnicity the colonial period, during the US occupation in understanding the inequalityand the entire post-war period, and to this day. problematic of zainichi Koreans [i.e. The question is why, then, do some researchers Koreans in Japan].”[1] think that class (and here, I take that they mean, through conflation, class consciousness Perhaps it is logical that an oppressed and and class differentiation) was not previously marginalized ethnic minority, once it begins to relevant to Koreans in Japan or, more precisely, receive the benefits of the affluence of the host when we think about Koreans in Japan. When society, albeit belatedly, would shed itsdid class disappear from the rhetoric and markings of ethnicity and begin to take on the understanding of and about Koreans in Japan to markings of class.
  • A Brief Summary of Japanese-Ainu Relations and the Depiction of The

    A Brief Summary of Japanese-Ainu Relations and the Depiction of The

    The road from Ainu barbarian to Japanese primitive: A brief summary of Japanese-ainu relations in a historical perspective Noémi GODEFROY Centre d’Etudes Japonaises (CEJ) “Populations Japonaises” Research Group Proceedings from the 3rd Consortium for Asian and African Studies (CAAS) “Making a difference: representing/constructing the other in Asian/African Media, Cinema and languages”, 16-18 February 2012, published by OFIAS at the Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, p.201-212 Edward Saïd, in his ground-breaking work Orientalism, underlines that to represent the “Other” is to manipulate him. This has been an instrument of submission towards Asia during the age of European expansion, but the use of such a process is not confined to European domination. For centuries, the relationship between Japan and its northern neighbors, the Ainu, is based on economical domination and dependency. In this regard, the Ainu’s foreignness, impurity and “barbaric appearance” - their qualities as inferior “Others” - are emphasized in descriptive texts or by the regular staging of such diplomatic practices as “barbarian audiences”, thus highlighting the Japanese cultural and territorial superiority. But from 1868, the construction of the Meiji nation-state requires the assimilation and acculturation of the Ainu people. As Japan undergoes what Fukuzawa Yukichi refers to as the “opening to civilization” (文明開化 bunmei kaika) by learning from the West, it also plays the role of the civilizer towards the Ainu. The historical case study of the relationship between Japanese and Ainu from up to Meiji highlights the evolution of Japan’s own self-image and identity, from an emerging state, subduing barbarians, to newly unified state - whose ultramarine relations are inspired by a Chinese-inspired ethnocentrism and rejection of outside influence- during the Edo period, and finally to an aspiring nation-state, seeking to assert itself while avoiding colonization at Meiji.
  • 2018 Issued BL 11192018 by DATE

    2018 Issued BL 11192018 by DATE

    2018 Issued Tukwila Business Licenses Sorted by Date of Application DBA Name Full Name Full Primary Address UBC # NAICS Creation NAICS Description Code Date TROYS ELECTRIC EDWARDS TROY A 2308 S L ST 602712157 238210 11/13/2018 Electrical Contractors TACOMA WA 98405 and Oth OLD MACK LLC OLD MACK LLC 2063 RYAN RD 604216260 423320 11/13/2018 Brick, Stone, and BUCKLEY WA 98321 Related Cons DRAGONS BREATH CREAMERY NITRO SNACK LLC 1027 SOUTHCENTER MALL 604290130 445299 11/9/2018 All Other Specialty Food TUKWILA WA 98188 Store NASH ELECTRIC LLC NASH ELECTRIC LLC 8316 71ST ST NE 603493097 238210 11/8/2018 Electrical Contractors MARYSVILLE WA 98270 and Oth BUDGET WIRING BUDGET WIRING 12612 23RD AVE S 601322435 238210 11/7/2018 Electrical Contractors BURIEN WA 98168 and Oth MATRIX ELECTRIC LLC MATRIX ELECTRIC LLC 15419 24TH AVE E 603032786 238210 11/7/2018 Electrical Contractors TACOMA WA 98445-4711 and Oth SOUNDBUILT HOMES LLC SOUNDBUILT HOMES LLC 12815 CANYON RD E 602883361 236115 11/7/2018 General Contractor M PUYALLUP WA 98373 1ST FIRE SOLUTIONS LLC 1ST FIRE SOLUTIONS LLC 4210 AUBURN WAY N 603380886 238220 11/6/2018 Plumbing, Heating, and 7 Air-Con AUBURN WA 98002 BJ'S CONSTRUCTION & BJ'S CONSTRUCTION & 609 26TH ST SE 601930579 236115 11/6/2018 General Contractor LANDSCAPING LANDSCAPING AUBURN WA 98002 CONSTRUCTION BROKERS INC CONSTRUCTION BROKERS INC 3500 DR GREAVES RD 604200594 236115 11/6/2018 General Contractor GRANDVIEW MO 64030 OBEC CONSULTING ENGINEERS OBEC CONSULTING ENGINEERS 4041 B ST 604305691 541330 11/6/2018 Engineering Services
  • The Rise of Nationalism in Millennial Japan

    The Rise of Nationalism in Millennial Japan

    W&M ScholarWorks Undergraduate Honors Theses Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 5-2010 Politics Shifts Right: The Rise of Nationalism in Millennial Japan Jordan Dickson College of William and Mary Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses Part of the Asian Studies Commons Recommended Citation Dickson, Jordan, "Politics Shifts Right: The Rise of Nationalism in Millennial Japan" (2010). Undergraduate Honors Theses. Paper 752. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses/752 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Undergraduate Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Politics Shifts Right: The Rise of Nationalism in Millennial Japan A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Bachelors of Arts in Global Studies from The College of William and Mary by Jordan Dickson Accepted for High Honors Professor Rachel DiNitto, Director Professor Hiroshi Kitamura Professor Eric Han 1 Introduction In the 1990s, Japan experienced a series of devastating internal political, economic and social problems that changed the landscape irrevocably. A sense of national panic and crisis was ignited in 1995 when Japan experienced the Great Hanshin earthquake and the Aum Shinrikyō attack, the notorious sarin gas attack in the Tokyo subway. These disasters came on the heels of economic collapse, and the nation seemed to be falling into a downward spiral. The Japanese lamented the decline of traditional values, social hegemony, political awareness and engagement.
  • UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Making and Breaking

    UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Making and Breaking

    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Making and Breaking Stereotypes: East Asian International Students’ Experiences with Cross- Cultural/Racial Interactions A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Education by Zachary Stephen Ritter 2013 © Copyright by Zachary Stephen Ritter 2013 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Making and Breaking Stereotypes: East Asian International Students’ Experiences with Cross- Cultural/Racial Interactions by Zachary Stephen Ritter Doctor of Philosophy in Education University of California, Los Angeles, 2013 Professor Richard Wagoner, Chair In response to recent budget cuts and declining revenue streams, American colleges and universities are admitting larger numbers of international students. These students add a great deal of cultural and intellectual diversity to college campuses, but they also bring racial stereotypes that can affect cross-racial interaction as well as campus climate. Forty-seven interviews with Chinese, Japanese, and Korean graduate and undergraduate international students were conducted at the University of California, Los Angeles, regarding these students’ racial stereotypes and how contact with diverse others challenged or reinforced these stereotypes over time. Results indicated that a majority of students had racial hierarchies, which affected with whom they roomed, befriended, and dated. American media images and a lack of cross-cultural/racial interaction in home countries led to negative views toward African-Americans and Latinos. Positive cross- racial interactions, diversity courses, and living on-campus did change negative stereotypes; however, a lack of opportunities to interact with racial out-groups, international and domestic student balkanization, and language issues led to stereotype ossification in some cases. This research shows that there is a need for policy and programmatic changes at the college level that promote international and domestic student interaction.
  • SKIP CITY INTERNATIONAL D-Cinema FESTIVAL 2017

    SKIP CITY INTERNATIONAL D-Cinema FESTIVAL 2017

    June 1, 2017 For Press （Page 1 of 5） SKIP CITY INTERNATIONAL D-Cinema FESTIVAL 2017 Running from July 15 to 23 – Full Iine-up announced! ★“Filmmakers Making Waves”: 6 films by flourishing festival alumni nominated in past editions to screen! ★“D-Cinema – New Currents”: 6 VR (virtual reality) films from Japan and abroad! ★ 810 films submitted from 85 countries and regions for the three competition sections! 12 selected films, including 3 countries nominated for the first time, in the Feature Length Competition! ★“ANIMA!”, the Opening Gala Film produced by the Festival Committee will have its world premiere! Launched in 2004 as one of the world’s first film festivals to focus solely on films shot on digital in order to discover and nurture emerging talent, SKIP CITY INTERNATIONAL D-Cinema FESTIVAL in troduced to Japan, Nuri Bilge Ceylan, winner of three awards including Palme d'Or at the Cannes International Film Festival, and numerous new Japanese talents like Kazuya Shiraishi (“Twisted Justice”) and Ryota Nakano (“Her Love Boils Bathwater”). The 14th edition of the Festival will be held over 9 days from Saturday, July 15, to Sunday, July 23. The press conference was held on Thursday, June 1, at the Todofuken Kaikan in Nagata-cho, Tokyo, to announce its full line-up. The details are as follows. Please kindly cover on your magazine as we are sure to discover more newcomers at this year's festival. “Filmmakers Making Waves”: Films by flourishing festival alumni to be screened! In recent years, filmmakers whose previous works screened at our festival have been gaining recognition.