n f l nd
Noyes, J.S.; Valentine, E.W. 1989: Chalcidoidea (Insecta: Hymenoptera) — introduction, and review of genera in smaller families. Fauna of New Zealand 18, 96 pp. Editorial Advisory Group (appointments made on a rotational basis)
MEM E S A E OMO OGY DIVISION Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Mount Albert Research Centre Private Bag, Auckland, New Zealand Ex officio Director — Mr J. F. Longworth Leader, Systematics Group — Dr B. A. Holloway
Co opted from within Systematics Group Dr T. K. Crosby, Dr G. W. Ramsay
U I E SI IES E ESE A I E Dr R. M. Emberson Entomology Department, Lincoln College Canterbury, New Zealand
MUSEUMS E ESE A I E Dr J. C. Yaldwyn Director, National Museum of New Zealand Private Bag, Wellington, New Zealand
OVERSEAS E ESE A I E Dr J. F. Lawrence CSIRO Division of Entomology G.P.O. Box 1700, Canberra City A.C.T. 2601, Australia
Series Editor Mr C T. Duval Systematics Group, Entomology Division p rt nt οf S nt f nd Ind tr l r h Mount Albert Research Centre Private Bag, Auckland, New Zealand n f l nd b r 1 Ch l d d (In t n pt r — ntr d t n nd r v f n r n ll r f l
S Ent l p rt nt r t h M ( t r l t r Cr ll d nd n SW7 5 En l nd
E W l nt n 1 Ent l v n p rt nt f S nt f nd Ind tr l r h Mt Alb rt r h C ntr r v t A l nd l nd
l n t ll r pr nt d n l nd — A n d Aph l n d Ch l d d El d E p l d E r t d r l p d t t d S n ph r d r d nd r h r t d ; l M r t d M r t d
1 r nt ddr S n t ll d 1 Upp r M t r l n l nd Cataloguing-in-publication citation NOVES, S Ch l d d (In t n pt r — ntr d t n nd r v f n r n l- l r f l / S E W l nt n - W ll n t n SI bl h n 19 9 ( n f l nd ISS 111-53 3 ; n 1 IS 77- 5 5-5 I l nt n E W II tl III S r U C 595 79 3(931
Date of publication: see cover of subsequent numbers
Suggested form of citation S ; l nt n E W 19 9 Ch l d d (In t n pt r — ntr d - t n nd r v f n r n ll r f l Fauna of New Zealand [no.] 18.
Fauna of New Zealand pr p r d f r p bl t n b th S r Ed t r n p t r- b d t xt pr n l t nd l r pr nt r t hn l h Ed t r l Adv r Gr p nd th S r Ed t r n l d th f ll n - p r t n DSIR PUBLISHING: r r ft — p rv n f pr d t n nd d tr b t n Mr C M tth - t n th pr d t n nd r t n MOUNT ALBERT RESEARCH CENTRE, DSIR: M M d — t n th p bl t nd d tr b t n r C r n - r t l ppr l f MS ntr b t n Mr W l r - t n th pr p r t n f rt r Mr M t r - ph t r d t n f l n ll tr t n
Front cover. h n t d p t d r Rotoita basalis, f l ( b v nd Palaeomymar n l r , f l (b l
© Cr n C p r ht
bl h d b SI bl h n O x 97 1 W ll n t n l nd A S AC Α pr nt d t th f ft n f l f Ch l d d nd th n f M r t d n n fr l nd E h f l h r t r d b br f d n Wh r n r th n n l nd n r f t lv f l — v z A n d Aph l n d Ch l d d El d E p l d E r t d r l p d t t d S n ph r d r d r h r t d nd M r t d — r d E h n d n d nd ll - tr t d th l n dr n f t l t n r pr nt t v p t r pr v d d n d tr b t n nd h t nd th n n h t t n f th l nd h l d d f n r r d n pp nd x t bl Sp r pl d n f rt -thr t bl h d n r nd n n n pr p d n th r h r t d rd l rd nd h ll t r n n d th t r ptr x W t d (Aph l n d
C ECK IS O A A G n Eutrichosomella G r lt 1915 3
•• S p rf l CHALCIDOIDEA 15 G n Euxanthellus S lv tr 1915 3
• l AGAONIDAE 15 philippiae S lv tr 1915
G n Herodotia G r lt 1931 1 G n Pteroptrix W t d 1 33 3 subatriventris (G r lt = rd l rd n n n
G n Pleistodontes S nd r 1 3 1 = h ll t n n n imperialis S nd r 1 3 • l CHALCIDIDAE • l APHELINIDAE 17 G n Antrocephalus K rb 1 3 5 G n Ablerus rd 1 9 19 G n Brachymeria W t d 1 3 5 G n Aphelinus l n 1 phya (W l r 1 3 abdominalis ( l n 1 rubrifemur (G r lt 1913 asychis W l r 1 39 teuta (W l r 1 31 gossypii b rl 19 3 G n Proconura dd 1915 5 humilis M r t 19 mali ( ld n 1 subflavescens (W t d 1 37 • l ELASMIDAE G n Aphytis rd 19 G n Elasmus W t d 1 33 chilensis rd 19 chrysomphali (M r t 191 • l ENCYRTIDAE ( n 13 diaspidis ( rd 1 1 ignotus C p r 1955 • l EULOPHIDAE 7 mytilaspidis ( r n 1 7 G n Cales rd 19 7 1 G n Centrodora ör t r 1 7 1 • l EUPELMIDAE scolypopae l nt n 19 G n Eupelmus l n 1 3 xiphidii ( r n 19 = l nd n G rl G n Coccophagoides G r lt 1915 1 antipoda A h d 19 G n Coccophagus W t d 1 33 cyaneus (G rl 19 gurneyi C p r 19 9 G n Eusandalum tz b r 1 5 3 ochraceus rd 1 95 barteli (G rl 19 scutellaris ( l n 1 5 G n Macroneura W l r 1 37 3 G n Encarsia ör t r 1 7 vesicularis ( tz 17 3 citrina (Cr 1 91 = n (W l r 1 39 formosa G h n 19 G n Tineobius G h n 19 7 31 koebelei ( rd 19 pergandiella rd 19 7 • l EURYTOMIDAE 31 perniciosi ( r 1913 G n Axanthosoma G r lt 1913 33
-5—
G n r h ph A h d 1 33 G n Uf n G r lt 1911 7 (C r n 191 l r n n 7 bb ( h n 1 35 l t n p 7 r dd G v 1933 G n S t l W l r 1 3 33 • • S p rf l MYMA OMMA OI EA f n l Ott n 19 1 • l MYMA OMMA I AE G n tr W l r 1 3 G n l r M n r 19 1 l n r (W l r 1 3 n l r ( l nt n 19
• l MYMA I AE ( n 17 3
• l E I AM I AE 35 CO E S G n A tr t x G r lt 19 9 35 A n l d nt h l 19 Intr d t n 7 r ph r l t n h p • l E OMA I AE 3 l l ntr l n l nd 9 C ll t n nd pr rv t n 9 • l O OI I AE 37 n t h r t r nd rph l 11 G n t t 19 7 37 K t f l 13 b l 19 7 r pt n ( `Ch l t f t x 15 f r n 9 • l SIG I O I AE 37 App nd x bl 1-3 t t n 5
G n Ch rt r M t h l 1 59 3 Ill tr t n 3 G n S n ph r A h d 1 3 x n nd x 9 fl v p ll t A h d 1 r t M l n tt 1917
• l O YMI AE 39 ACK OW E GME S G n d nt r G h n 191 W r r t f l t ll t SI Ent l l n f ll (G r lt 1917 v n th M n tr f A r lt r nd h r - G n M t l n 1 nd n v r t f r pr v d n p n nd f r l t (S d r 1795 t n n v r Sp l th n r d t nd - p r tr ph W htl 1 93 v d l h nt n d M l tr p d r n th r G n h t d G r lt 1913 nd t n f 19 - 1 rb r rr tt (MA t - G n d r n Sp n l 1 11 1 l nd CO; nd Ann tt C rt t C bb rv r ; G n r d W l r 1 71 1 r n d t St Arn d t t ; d n t nt p d (K rb 1 3 K n h K r ; d Kl np t (MA t t - G n r l n 1 1 r n AK; W ll K h l ( SI t nf ld AK; hn v r n (W l r 1 33 n rth ( SI t r nh d AK; d M f rl n ( SI t r ll n n n l MC; t r • l IC OG AMMA I AE M dd n ( SI t t r n AK; r nd M ( SI t G n Aph l n d G r lt 1911 AK; t Q nn t p MK; Gr G n r h Str nd 19 ( SI t t r n AK; nd t r W tt ( SI t M nr G n thr r ör t r 1 5 h l r t n rth WI h tr p ll t n pr - G n M phr b rl 19 3 5 v d d l r pr p rt n f th p n v l bl f r G n Ol t W l r 1 51 5 t d l M nn n p nt th r f 19 - 1 nd G n d r n Gh èr 19 5 19 1- rt n th n pt r fr tr p ll t n G n r h r W t d 1 33 5 W r p rt l rl r t f l t Ann tt W l r h r n- f n l t C rv r 197 d th M l tr pp n p rv d t hn l r n th G n r h r t d G r lt 191 r t n f ll t n nd rr n d nd t p rt n f ld b tr r j 1979 ll t n tr p h n r l d t th r t f G n r h r t G r lt 191 th r t h M ( t r l t r r A M nd
— - ( Μ Η nd Mr n rth ( SI f r f l t t n Ch l d r n f th t p rt nt r p n ppl d 1- r x h n v t t l nd nd t Mr S b l l ntr l ( 19 5 nd h v b n d l d l f r h p rt n th x h n n ll r d h n l nd ( b l M n p r t f l t r f r h h lp n d nt f n n f ntr d d f r th p rp h v b t bl h d th h l d l t d b l f r h nt n th n - ff t v p r t d f n t p t f r lt r nd r pt nd f r ll n t nf r t n fr h th n h rt lt r ( b l S v r l x t p h v np bl h d n r pt n th A tr l n n r f r- b t bl h d d nt ll pr b bl ft r b n t n f l f Ch l d d p rt d th pl nt t r l h h l d n b t d th d f d nv r n nt h rd n r th x t pl nt nd pl n p rt nt p rt n l t n th d v l p nt f p t nt ll d n n t S h l d r p t b f th r ph t ph I O UC IO h b t r x pl E r t d d v l p n th h p rf l Ch l d d v r l r r p f p r - d f r d l v r l rn nd nd th r d t n pt r n l d n rld- d n rl th t f r d r b d p ( 197 h r ll r pr nt d G v n th r p rt n t r lt r nd h rt lt r n n n rl ll p rt f th rld b t t r p th n th l nd t rpr n th t l ttl h b n p b- p rf l pp r t b t d v r n th tr p h l h d n th l nd h l d f n Ex pt f r f j r t f h l d r ll r v r ll nd n h v d r pt n f n n r nd p — b W l r (1 39 tr n l lpt r d nt nt v n tr n l t ll K rb (1 3 A h d (19 19 C r n (191 bl r n br nz r p rpl h n h r l r t n b rl (191 19 9 G h n (19 19 7 G rl lpt r nd r t rph l l d v r t th (19 n (19 1 K rr h (19 K rr h Y h - n f th t v r d nd ttr t v r p f n - t (19 h l nt n (19 9 b 1971 nd pt r l nt n (19 1971 - r n l d h b n l t d h p rf l h r n d r d t pr t nt t f p p r p bl h d b G rl (193 b M ll r f l th M r t d b n tr t d p r t (1935 C b r (1959 nd l nt n (19 3 19 7 197 p rf l th M r t d ( p v r 1971b h h r l r l n rn d th th ntr d d th l t f v r l f th f l r p rl d f n d f n In ll p nt l 19 p bl h d nf r t n n th d ff r nt r r r n n d ff r nt n b r f f - l nd f n d l th nl 75 n r nd 9 l ; (197 r n d nl n n f l nd p ( App nd x bl l (195 r n d n t nt -f r h pr nt t d b d l t nt r l n t r l f l h h h l t d n th l nd Arthr p d Ch l d pr b bl xh b t r t r r n f b l l C ll t n ( AC h ld b SI Ent l v n d v r t th n n th r p rf l f n pt r n A l nd nd fr n xt n v M l tr p nd r t M t p r p r t d b t r p f p-n t rv n b th th rth nd S th l nd p n v r l f l r ph t ph A n d d r n 19 nd 19 1 Alth h b l v th t th d v l p nl n f nd ph t ph p l r t r l r pr nt t v pl f th h l d t b n th E l ph d E r t d t r l d n t - f nd n l nd l r r r n p r - t d nd r d t v l p rl rv d r x pl v r l ttl t r l r t d b l tt n t t l b r t xpr n h b n n fr th M nt E nt r ( K r fr n th Ch l d d h r r l t r nd r r th t rn nd ntr l rth I l nd p ; t p r t d nd nd p r t d ; pr r h ntr b t n r v t n r l v l th l v n nd r nd t rt r p r t d ; p l br n p - f l f Ch l d d nd M r t d h h ; nd p th pl n d l l rv S p r r r pr nt d n l nd b l v n r f r n r xtr l p l ph h r th r pp r t b v r K t th n r f th r n n f l rr n n h t- p f All t r t f h t r tt d th l nd br n r n l d d th r n p r t fr th ( h h b p r t d b p f ntr b t n t th ` n f l nd r (En- M r d r h r t d E l ph d En rt d rt d — 19 ; M r d - l nt n r Aph l n d t th p p ( tt d b v r l r p f 19 9 r n r v f th A tr l n n r f h l d t r l d n p rt l r Ch l d tt n xtr l x l d n El d En rt d Aph l n d S n ph r- br d r n f h t n l d n v rt ll ll nd pt r t d M r d nd r h r t d b r rd r n x pt r t nd r hn d (19
—7- a e um e s o s ecies (S a ge e a (Ge o a e 2 Summa y o oogeog a ic e a io s i s o C a ci oi ea a Myma omma oi ea i ew ea a , ge e a o C a ci oi ea k ow om ew ea a . Co um om i o ma io u is e u o 84 a om e ami a ca ego ies e i e i oo o e. io o ma e ia i e ew ea a A o o Co ec io . Ca ego y: 2 4 6 8
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A e i i ae 0 6 E cy i ae — 6 0
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E asmi ae _ _ 2 Eu e mi ae _ 2 —
E cy i ae 6 0 Eu y omi ae — Ι
Eu o i ae 2 Myma i ae 20 4 2 2
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Myma i ae 4 6 42 o oi i ae
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e oma i ae 26 o ymi ae 4 2
o oi i ae — — ic og amma i ae 2 6
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Myma omma i ae 6 ge e a k ow om ew ea a o y 93 6 6 202 2 — ge e a k ow om ew ea a a Aus a ia ge e a k ow om ew ea a a Aus a asia 4 ge e a k ow om ew ea a , Aus a asia, a Sou Ame ica a o sou e A ica — cosmo o i a o wi e y is i u e ge e a, wi some OOGEOG A IC E A IO S I S s ecies o a y e emic i ige ous o ew ea a 6 cosmo o i a o wi e y is i u e ge e a, wi some h n b r f n r nd p f Ch l d d n n s ecies i o uce i o ew ea a n l nd r h n n bl 1 A tr n f t r f ge e a co ai i g a eas o e s ecies i o uce om th h l d f n th n ll h h n b r f p f Aus a ia M r d b t 5% f th t t l In ntr t th 8 — ge e a co ai i g a eas o e s ecies i o uce om f l M r d nt n b t 7% f th n n h l d Eu o e p n th rld ( 197 r b t % f h l d ge e a co ai i g a eas o e s ecies i o uce om o Ame ica. p n n n th Un t d K n d ( tt n t l. 8 . . . Some ge e a may a ea i mo e e o e co um , M n r d p n l nd l v n r n r th e.g., ose w ic a e o i o uce a e emic r nd nd r t d th h b t t h l f l tt r i ige ous e eme s. nd n t v r r th r th n rb r l h b t t In th p th r h b n t nd n t rd n r d t n r l ; th l tr f th r h r t d S l nd r d r pr b bl n th l r t a e 2 summa ises e z r ph r l t n h p f nd t p t l r n th rld p pl d n th l nd h l d f n nd l rl d n tr t A tr l r G r lt x d n l n th x l d n h h l v l f nd t r th n 5% f th n r th v p t r h nd n th r n l p r n n fr l nd h v n b n r rd d fr d d r f ll n l nt n (19 9 n h r l (C t r 1 h n r nt n t l t Oth r n t bl f t r f th h l d f n r th l r 1 9 p r 17% f th n n f n h f r n b r f p f t r ptr x (Aph l n d p bl x l d nd p h h r pr nt r d l v r 3 ; th l r n b r f l h rt n p (E l ph - d tr b t d n r ( b t 33% f th n n l nd d ; nd th f rl l r nd n Ad l n rt d n r nd t p bl th t f t r r ll h (En rt d h h nt n 1 p S f l p rh p n h lf f th p t b nd t h A n d Ch l d d El d E r t d l nd h n b r f n r h h nd t p bl nd S n ph r d r p rl r pr nt d nd pr b bl rl r th rn d tr b t n (C t r r f th h v f nd p b l n n t th E l ph d M r d nd t r l-
— - d Ab t 5 n r nt n p n n t h v b n f th r (E l ph d n b n t n th th r p r - ntr d d fr A tr l E r p r rth A r t d pl n p rt nt p rt n th ntr l f th -l f (C t r -9 th r p rp f ll f r b l l ntr l n r h ll n r t r n ll ( ll r (G v n 1959 p rp r d nt ll th x t pl nt , S n 1973 A , E l pt . A r r nt x pl f t t nd n l r p d t bl h- nt nd pr d ff r d b C p d fl r d n (A h d (En rt d p l br n p r t d f r n l p r t rp ll r Chr d x r ( - IO OGICA CO O bl d ( b rt 1979 19 3; t t x p nd t I EW EA A t x l t . It n n f th t n M n f th h l d n nt r d n d f d nv r n- h l d ll t d n d f d r lt r l nd h rt l- nt n l nd r x t nd t pr b bl th t t r l nv r n nt t l t n h f th rth I l nd h h pr p rt n f th rr v d l n th th r h t n Oth r ntr d d h l d h h h v b f l r th rl d f E r p n ttl nt n pl nt n n l t l nd nt l t v l bl b l l ntr l f dd r nd th r f d t ff n d t b r t h nt n l d t r l p p r nn ( t r l- pr n f th p r t d n th n r lt r l nd d r r nt rn l p r t d f th p p f th h rt lt r l nv r n nt nd bt dl rv d t l t th h t b tt rfl r r p nn ; En r f r p p l t n f p t nt l p t n t S p t h v r G h n (Aph l n d tt n l rv nd p p f th n t h v b n p n d b th r n t r l p r - r nh h t fl r l r d v p r r r (W t- t d r th f l d t t bl h r r n th p rt t n d ; nd C ph rn C p r n f ppr pr t p r t d ( r th r n t r l n n p r t d f t r l n -t l d l b d rd r t t bl h d r f n t r l ntr l Ab t l n p n r n zz tt 1 x t p f h l d n ll t bl h d n h f r n x pl r f Ch l d d h h r l nd r n n t h v b n p rp f ll ntr d d p rp f ll ntr d d t v r th l f n t r l h f r t p bl h d r rd f th d l b r t ntr d t n ntr l f p t b t b f r th r t r pr p rt n f p f h l d th t f th l ph d d b p n n n t p r t x t n t n l nd r (W l r f r th ntr l f h n fl h t ph d tr pr b bl d nt l ntr d t n h t v t f th t r (S n h t (K r 1 9 In th rl r f th p rv t ppr th n r f n t h h nt r d r n th p r d h n b l l ntr l ht th r b d n p t f th x t p r - b n d v l p d ntr d t n f t n t r l n t d r n n t h v d pt d t n t v v t t n r r f pr d t r p rt l rl n ll d b tl f r th t n t v h t b t nd h l d — ntr l f ph d nd v r d A t v t x- tr h r t d p r t d f th f rtr d nd p nd d p r t n pt r ( n l d n Ch l d d t d - h v f ll d th r n t r l h t t x t r l p rt d f r th tt pt d ppr n f pl nt n d f d nv r n nt M t f th n t v p - p t n t t bl n th r Aph l n l r nf n d t n t v f r t r bl nd t r - ( ld n (Aph l n d p r t d f th ll ph d l nd nd lp n nv r n nt h r th r n t r l h t Er l n r ( n ( ll rd 19 1- ; nd r In th t t n Ch l d d thr h th r p r - An ph n t n (G r lt (M r d n p r t d t f ph t ph nd x l ph n t pl f th l pt v l G n pt r t ll t (G ll nh l n p rt nt r l n th n t r l r b l l ntr l f (Cl r 1931 p t nt ll d tr t v p S f l t bl h nt f h p nd p t - l r r d t n n p t nf t t n v f rth r p t t ppl d b l l ntr l pr t l th d f n t p t ppr n r Ch l d d r p rt d CO EC I G A ESE A IO b ntl t t p rt l r pr bl th v r n rh p th n d ff lt n th t d f h l d th r d r f n t bl h nt nd ntr l h ntr - r l t v np p l r t th ll t r f n t b f d t n f br l p d l nn W t d (G rl 1935 th r ll z h r f r n pl nt f th (En rt d r lt d n th v rt l l n t n f ld n r t d nt f th r p ( nd d f n r h n - l A t r d p v r l ( tz b r h h pt r th t th r n t d t t r l v l bl f r thr t n n t d t th En l h (Q r t d h f ll n th d r th t r rd n f r r b r n l nd h l n v r r r l n ll t n h l d r r t r d t l n ll t n nd A hr h r d l tr ll (C rt (=En pl nd n pr rv t n (19
-9- Collecting methods nt v r th f th l l h l d dv nt - SWEE I G S p-n t ll t n b f r th b t th d b t r l ll t d t ( r rv t n n l r n b r f p b ll t d n h rt b l nd th b nt rt n f r r d p n t h n t h ld b r v d fr th n t n n fr th t h t n d r bl t It p bl t p r t r nd ll d b pl n pl f p p r t r ll t dr n f nt h p n ® b t th t h tt n l d n th l t t n th ntr t b f th r tl r d d nd th h l d t r l ft n v r d p r t r f r n n t r d nt th p r t r th th l nd d d b d n n t Α M l t dv bl t pl n t r pl d h t f ft t tr p h th dd d dv nt th t t ft n t p f t pr v nt n t fr t n t th d f th t b It ll z th t r r r l ll t d b th r n th p rt nt t p th p n dr p bl n t r d Alaptus. h p-n t t ff nt f th h ndl b t 1 l n nd th h d tr n l r th th h ndl j n n th YELLOW PAN TRAPPING. Pan tr pp n d th d f h d n th ddl f n d f th tr n l h tr n l r t h n ll n pt r h tr p n t f tr h d ll th n t t d t ff ntl n r l nd b t 3 r nd 5- d p p nt d ll n th r f th n t ll b n nt t th th r nd n d In t r ttr t d t th ll l r nd dr n d r n p n h r l t v l l n h ndl ll th n t n th ll t n d nt n d n th p n h ll t- t b h ld f r fr th b d p bl th t n d b t r th f dr p f d t r nt t n t r n t f r rn d b f tf ll t It l ll br th rf t n n r t r pl th l n l l f r r t r r h h n ll t n n f r t h b t t h (1 1 r d l t l t n f p r d r t r t d b t t r l f r th fr l n n th l t n f n lt If t r d th tr p t b ff ntl r d t l ht n h n h n t b pt d t l t n d r th t r l ll d t r r t h ld b f t r l h h tr n nd d r bl t v r b dl W th th r d th tr p n b pt d ll p f r r th l tt r r n t h ld l ( th r p r tt n Sp n t b r n d n t b d f nv ll n l n t r b f r tr n f rr n t 7 % th n l Wh n p n r l nd t v r p rt nt t p Eth l n l l n t r nd d b b nt n l n r p n th h d f th n t n nt t th th l d -pr p r t n f t r l b d ff lt; th p - r nd f r th nt r r b pr n d n n th h ndl n t nd t ll p b dl n tr n f r t b l r d th t r t d t nd ( lth h th n t ft n REARING. r n th t r rd n th d f bt n- p rt nt t x n ll n p n n h n b l rn d b t th r n-tr pp n d l f r ll t n fr n tr nd b l Α l t t n th t h ff rt h t b p t nt n f r t h r th r l ttl nd r r th l t n p bl h t nd r r n p r t d fr th t h ld b pt n nt n r ppr pr t t th z SUCTION TRAPPING. h t n tr p h a n l dv n- f th pl nd h ld b x n d r l rl f r th t v r M l tr p n th t t t v l n ll r n f p r t d If p bl th h ld b pl d fl n n t It h n d dv nt t n d n n d r n d r n b x th l v l tt h d t l tr p r r h r xp n v nd f l t ll t r n p r t d h h r ttr t d t rd t h fl htl n t Ev n t h fr t n th l ht C r h ld b t n t n r th t th rr t tr p h ld n t b v rl d n th nt n n h t r rd d; t v r t ll t n ph d nt r t n p n v r ll p f l f nd th t p r t d f nd nd r n r nd r d d n th t b fr th PITFALL TRAPPING. tf ll tr pp n f rl d th d ph d h r n f t t h v r d fr f r nd h b t t h nt n C ll t n d r th r h t h n r z d p p h h h v f r ll p n tr p b n v rl d r n fr nd v d ll l t d h t n v r th pr bl EXTRACTING FROM LEAF LITTER AND MOSS In t n b ll t d fr l f l tt r r n rl f nn l MALAISE TRAPPING. Α d n f r n ff nt tr p f r r an r n b x h d th d f r ll t n h l d h b n d r b d b n (197 M r d h h r r r l ll t d b th r th d h dv nt f M l tr p th t t n b t p nd rv d b n h n t h l d p l t h Preservation tr p n b pt d r l t v l nfr ntl - t f rtn htl M t r l ll t d dr h ld b pt dr Sp n th t nt rv l f th l l h l d ll n nd pr rv n r n t nt d th n h r f ll n n th l t t
-1 — v p r h ld b r l x d b f r nt n r l r d r rl h th d n t r nd d nd h ld b t n h t f ll l dd n ( r v n pl f b d nl f th r an b nd n f t r l f th n l r f ft t l t p p r nd t r d n tr n dr p v l bl It n ( nd pr b bl nl dv nt rt ht b x A r t l r t f th l h ld b dd d t th t l d r r l t v l l nd l d nh b t th r th f ld M t r l ll t d nt l - (b r n nt l d It nt l th t l d b d h l n M l tr p r ll p n tr p h ld b n C n d b l f t r l f t x n v l r dr d n p bl h n b d n b r-dr n th f nl l t d nt f t r l v l bl h t r l n b rb nt rd ( b l `M nt n t - th d l b r nd t - n n nd d d l r l Unf rt n t l r-dr d p n ll ll p f pr t r r d t t r t r f r bl b d p rt r hr v l p n dr n h n b pr v nt d b d h dr t- h ld b nt d ( ft r l r n n 1 % p t h d- n p n n r t l-p nt dr r ( G rdh r x d l t n nd r f r r f v p r t v r l p ll 1979 r d p n n b t r d b t n h t r d t l d d r pt n f th th d (19 f t p p r r n l t n p l h ld n pl th r fl th th d f ll f n l t d tt n l Sp n h h h v b n • v th n nd pl d th n b l pt n l h l f r l n t (5 r r r f r • Cl r th p n n 1 % KO t °C f r - h r p n l th n 1 l n r n r ll n t bl f r ( f t h n v r b n n l h l r t °C f r 7 h r r n l d t °C f r h r f ll d b °C f r h r ( f t h b n n l h l MOUNTING MATERIAL. Ch l d r b t nt d n • xt n tr l th pr p r t n n l l t d f r r t n l r rd n t r- l bl l h p - 1 n t f ll d b d t ll d t r th n d h dr t n h ld b nt d th th v rt l x thr h th thr h 35% 7 % nd 95% l h l ( h f r 1 n- th r x t b t 5° t th pl n f th rd pr f r bl th t nd f n ll l r n l v l ( r t rp n l r d th n l nd nt nn d pl d nd th n nd nd r b n h l ht f r 1 n t t n th b d p rt h d fr f l - (19 f r d t l h n nd v d l dr p f b l n l d nd p n n v n th d r r d d l f pr t b t h dv nt t °C f r ; th f x th n p t n v r rd-p nt nt n n th t p n r ll pr - • n ll dd th r t nt f b l t h p rt t t d nd th v r p rt r h r t n t ( ll t nt p bl f r n nd nt nn nd th h t b r nd f th rd l r t f r th r x nd t r nd pl v r l p v r Sp n fr l h l h ld b dr d t n p h p rt f th pr p r t n f d r t l b rb nt rd f r n t n l br r r rd NOTE. h b l h ld b r l t v l th f p n rd r v n r t l b rd; th l tt r b t f r ll r p t n t nd p ll d t th b l h ld f r ` tr n h l d h M r d nd r h r t d h If th b l th nn r t ll b d ff lt t p t n th n t h ld b pl d n dr p f l h l n th rd th v r l p fl t; l th b l ll ntr t t dr t n fl t n t th rd A n t dr n 5- 5 r h n th p rt th t t v r nd t h ld b r v d nd nt d DATA LABELS. All t r l h ld b l b ll d d t l RELAXING SPECIMENS. Sp n th t h v b n dr f r th t l t ll t n l l t d t nd h t d t ( f t b xtr l br ttl nd h ld b f- r r d v r d n b r l n nd p th d t t n d t pr v nt br f pp nd h b t d n p r t ; th d t b l t r l d b pl n th n p f t n l d h n d pl t b x t n f dr p f t r r l l t d (n t r th n 1 5 l p r 75 l f b x nd l v f r - h r If t r l l r d p t t n th b x t ll n IAG OS IC C A AC E S l r th r t b d d h n r v n th A MO O OGY t p l r If th t r l ll d n th l t t v p r h Ch l d d n b p r t d fr ll th r r p f t h ld b ff ntl r l x d t b nt d th t any n pt r b th r ll z ( n r ll l th n d h t v r n l n th fr ntl h hl l tr r t ll bl r n r p rpl l r n l n t p v n th SLIDE MOUNTING. x n ll r h l d t - nt nn an lb d pp r n fl ll ll d ff r- ll n r t d l d nt t d nt ll d f n d f n l nd l v nd n ( p r r l d h ll nt l nt n th r d d v n t n nd n n l d ll r th r h l p n n t r- l bl d h r r p f l r z nd n v n t n ( r t tr p d nd C r phr n d th n b p r t d b th pr n t (b M th r x - d v d d d r ll nt nt r r nd p - n t xt nd n b f r th t l b th pr n f t r r p rt p r t d b t r h nt r r t l n t d n l n ll (`rh n r n th nt nn l f n l ft n d v d d l n t d n ll b f rr th n t l t nd b th pr n f th pr p t h h b r d d f r ddl l b nd l t r l l b h d r f d v l- t n rr tr p p ll n th M r d h r t - p nt f n t l an p rt nt f t r f r d nt f t n tr p d nd C r phr n d l h v th pr n t n rt n f l h p t r r p rt f th n t xt nd n b t th t l nd l pr p t nd pr ntr l t ll nd l t r l l r t th l n t d n l n ll n th nt nn x ll th f r nd p t n f h h r j r d n t G b n (19 h h n th t th M r t d f t r h d f th th r x pr th r pr b bl th t r- r p t th Ch l d d nd th pl r n h h n r ll d v d d nt an nt r r r th r f r tr t d h r p r t p rf l h p t rn nd p t r r p r n lth h n M r t d n b d t n h d fr h l d f l - En rt d E p l d — th r p- pr t tr p d nd r phr n d b th h r t r v n r nt d b l r nd v d d l r t th pl r l nd r th t n d l n th th p rf l (p h ld r r pl r n h h n nl r nt f th K t th f l f th Ch l d d n b f nd n b l r r f th pl r n (G b n 19 b t l. (19 Gr h (19 9 r n l (19 Y h - ( M t th r x — th t n t r pr nt d d r ll t (19 nd (19 b v r n rr br dl U- h p d tr p d t l b h nd th t ll nd nn t n th b f th h nd- M rph l nd t r n l n h t pl r n r d d t r l t v l n rr HEAD (Fig. 1 7 tr p t l t pl t l h dd n b th pl - Ant nn ( 7 - p d f p p d l nd r n nn t n th h nd n b t th h nd x fl ll bd v bl nt thr p rt f ll (d r p d — p t r r t th t n t nd l n ( An ll ( r r n nt — h n pr nt t t d b v th h nd x h th tr f r t bd n l b t n th p d l nd f n l ; t ft n th r r n nt b t f d t th t th r x r th p rp f r t b t t n f r h r d t n- th t d t tr t d p rt f th th r x h bl fr th f n l nt b n r ll b n r p t ( r p t p r l r l r t f th r - tr n l tr n v r r br ptl ll r nd b th r l f ll h th pp r n f tr n l r l r t b t n l n t d n l n ll r n ll r ll b nt fr th p t r l t r l r n f th pr n t nd th nt r r ll r p En rt d Aph l n d r h r - r n f th pl r n; ft n r d d t v r n rr t d nd M r d tr p p ll n M r d (b n l - p d f n r r (n r ll n t W n ( 5 - f r n th r d d v n t n n- r th n x ll p r t d nt h h r ft n t n f an l n t b r n l v n h rt t l n t b l In f l th r th n th f r nt n d b v r n l v n h rt t l n t p t r n l v n nd h nt n r ll b r l n t d n l n ll r l t v l h rt t l v n h f r n h th f ll - ( Cl v - th p l fl ll r nt( pr n n dd t n l d n t f t r fr n t thr nt ( x pt n ll r p - l ll ( 5 - th b l r d l t d b th b- r t d fr h th r b pt nl r n l v n th b l v n h h ll n d nt M l r p ( 1 - th n d t n b t n th th pr x l r n f th p l nd th b t l nd th r n v n h h f pr nt r pr nt d b th n r t l n f M l r l ( 1 - th l j n n th l r t t th h nd r n f th n r n f th nd th th r n; t b nt n lv - th bl n d l n r th n b t ll nd t d b l ht h n f lpt r fr th t l nd r n l v n (f nd nl n th OO ( — n d t n b t n th En rt d Aph l n d nd E p l d r n nd th n r t p t r r ll r t — v r l ht t tr n ll n f th p l O ( - n d t n b t n th p t r r n -th rd r f th b r n l v n ll Sp l - d t n t fr th l n lv nd d f n d th n d r d t l d t d f th b l ll b l THORAX, r f th r ( 3- th p r t nd th j n t n f th b r n l nd r tr t d b n p d f f r p rt f ll r n l v n ; n t ll xt nd n t th t l v n ( r th r x - n t l r l f d r l l r t th h h nd n h rt r nd n rr r th n th f r n pr n t f v r d h p nd an p rt nt h r t r f r th v n r d t n v n r r d d t n h n f l f h l d
-1 — GASTER ( 9-11 -Ant nn l t r l t t d l t r l r t h r th p rp f th t d th nd bd n l - th r th n t r v r n rl 5 ; fr n ll th nt r f rr d t th p t l nd n t nt d p rt tr n v r t r h h b tr ht r - h p d b t f th t r h f r t v bl t r t f th t r n v r th v rt l t r r nn n dj nt t nn r rb t ; bd n l t r t III, nd th f r t v bl t rn t bd - th r pt r p th br n f h nd n l- n l t rn t III h th h p p tr l t rn t xt nd n t b 4 h l t v bl t r t n r ll f d t r t II + II nd t r d th p p r nt r (3 E th r r pt r th t l v n f f r n C r S bd v d d nt th r l pl t nd r l br tl l n nd f r n n n l f b t 9 ° th r n l v n h r ll f rl n n p nd t t d v r ( 1 13 r pl t l pt r ( l nl th n r th p x f th t r In t n r f En rt d th n t l th n h lf l n d t n b t n r r pl d n th nt r r h lf f th t r nd th th ( 1 M l th f r nd h nd f r v r t t br tl r v r l n nd n p ( 9 ntr t n th r l t v l l nd r ddl f r ( Ov p t r U ll h dd n b t ft n ll x rt d h 1 [A t d th f fr t ] (p 15 AGAONIDAE l n th f th x rt d p rt r d fr th p x f th —W th t th f r n b n t n f h r t r 5 l t v bl tr l t r t 5( nd l th f r ll n nd t b rv d; b d bl th t t ll l r n
(p CHALCIDIDAE KEY O C A CI OI AMI IES —E th r h nd l th f r n t ll n nd t b tr ht K OW OM EW EA A r h d nd th r x t ll r n Abd n l p t l l n - nt d ( 1 ; f r - (5 nd x l n t t l t b t t l n n ( h n pr nt p d n l t v r n n h p b t f r x ( 3 ; f r n f ll d v l p d th t - nl p t l t th l n r n l fr n ( 1 l v n h rt nd n h rdl p r t d fr th ll d r t l t l lv l t ( 1 nd v n t n r d d d v l p d p t r n l v n ( 1- 3 ; v p t r ft n nd nd t n t; pr n t r h n t l th t n ll x rt d (p 39 TORYMIDAE nt rv n n pr p t M n t l th n 75 l n ( O YMI AE MO O O OME I AE (M r t d (p MYMAROMMATIDAE — nd x n t nl r d n t r h rdl l n r th n —Abd n l p t l 1- nt d ft n nd t n t r f r x ; f r n f f ll d v l p d ll th t - r r l pl t l nv bl ; f r n n t b v l v n l n r nd n ll p r t d fr p t r - f p d n l t th n n t r t l t ; pr n t n t r h n n l v n r p t r n l v n b nt; v p t r n r ll t l p r t d fr th b pr p t ( h rdl x rt d 7 r ll l n r th n 75 b t n ll h h rt r (Ch l d d 2 7( Ant nn th v r l n n nt d l v nd f n l p d f - nd t n t tr n l tr n v r 2(1) r 3- nt d; nt nn h rt th f n l th nt ( 73 7 ; b d h n n bl r ll ; n r th n nt ( 5 9 9 93 t t r l ; x ll n t d t n tl r d ff fr t l- M n t t v r ll n t n t r th n 1 l n l th t t th r f r n tr n l tr n v r b nd
(p TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE b t 3× br d l n ; pr p d th l r h n — r - r 5- nt d M n t t d r t - z d n- ntr l tr n l r r ( 75
t v r n fr t r th n 1 l n th (p 37 SIGNIPHORIDAE j r t x d n 1 3 —Ant nn n t b v ; n ll l v l n nd n- nt d b t th n f n l p d f nl tr n l 3( Ant nn l t r l t t d h l r t th n t tr n v r nt nd b d t ll r n; t ll h th r; fr th tr ht tr n v r t r l ttl h ld- h p d b t l n br d r l htl tr n v r b v t r l h h nn t th v rt l t r dj nt ll th x ll d t n tl r d ff; pr p d t h rb t th f r n n Η ( ; th r - th t d t n t tr n l r ntr l r 8 pt r p l t l th br n f h nd n n t xt nd n t b th v n h nd n t l d p- 8(7) All t r - nt d 9 p r n ( 9 [ x pt n Anagroidea pp ( 7 ] —At l t h nd t r 5- nt d 13 (p 3 MYMARIDAE
-13- 9( r n r n l v n nd t n t r r l 57 ; f r n f f ll d v l p d th r n l v n p n t f r ( 5 (p ENCYRTIDAE l t l t -7× l n br d 15 - r n r n l v n d t n t v r l t l n r th n br d 1 15(1 Ant nn th fl ll n t r th n 7- - nt d; t r l br dl tt h d t pr p d 1 (9 Ant nn 1 - nt d; f n l nd l v h ( 3 7 3 1 t ; t t l t p d f nt ( 71 l htl nv x th n t l l pr nt nd tr ht
(p 37 ROTOITIDAE ( 3 5 t ; l n th n t r th n 1 5
-Ant nn th n t r th n 1 nt ; f n l - (p 17 APHELINIDAE p d f n t r th n 5 nt nd l v n v r with -Ant nn th fl ll - r 9- nt d; t r d - more than 3 segments ... 11 t n tl n tr t d t j n t n th pr p d r p t l t ( 55 5 ; t th r pr d r nv x 11(1 ndl th x tr n l xp nd d d - h p d th n t l v r n n p ; l n th l t l ( 5 nd t b n t r rf th r d r r t r th n 1 5 (p EUPELMIDAE br tl rr n d n l n t d n l r r d nd- h p d p tt rn ; t r n r - t n r r l tr n l r 1 (13 r n t l ll r l r br t n l r t l t b t
(p ELASMIDAE t -th rd l n t ( 5 ; nt nn - ndl th x b l ndr l n t pr d nd th n t r th n f n l nt ; h d nd d r f h nd t b th t d r r br tl rr n d n n p th r x th n r n p p l f r p n t r p tt rn; t r n t tr n l r n r - t n 1 h h ft n v r t v r r lpt r ; n h rpl r n d p t r rl (p 31 EURYTOMIDAE 1 (11 G t r d t n tl n tr t d t j n t n th - r n t l ll r n t l r nd br t n l r h rt r pr p d ; f r n n r pt r f r th p t- th n h lf l n th f t r f l n r th n nt nn r n l nd t l v n fr ntl l n nd d t n t; th 7 f n l nt r lpt r f h d nd th r x b d l t l t l t p rtl t ll ; n t l r l n h ll r n n t th h rp d 17 f pl t l t l rv d
(p 7 EULOPHIDAE 17(1 r n th p x f t l v n h n- - G t r t b b t br d pr p d n t d - l r d d p r th n l n nd p x f n v r l t t n tl n tr t d; f r n n r pt r f r th p t r n l v n ( 79 ; pr n t l n t b n - p t r n l v n b nt r l t nd t l v n l; f l th v p t r tr n l x rt d v r h rt ( 15 19 3 t ; b d n n- t ll (p 39 TORYMIDAE ll br n r bl ; n t l r l n pl t tr ht (MEGAS IGMI AE ( 3 5 t (p 17 APHELINIDAE - r n th p x f t l v n n t r h rdl n- l r d r f b v th n pr n t tr n v r nd n t ll 13( E th r pl r n nd v d d r l t v l l r nd d v l p d; f l r r l th v p t r tr n l x rt d h ld- h p d ( 39 5 57 r t r br dl l ... 18 ( 9 3 7 t ; ddl t b ll th tr n p l p r ( 3 3 - 5 5 14 1 (17 W n f ll d v l p d; f r n r n l v n -M pl r n d v d d nt p t rn nd p - t l t 3 5× l n t l v n ( 7 ; tr l p t l r n ( th p rt ft n th d t n tl d ff r nt t l t 1 5× l n br d; nt nn n rt d b v lpt r ; t r n v r br dl l t l t th l t r n th t r t r t b r l b t n d t n t n tr t n t j n t n th pr p d ft n th (p 35 PERILAMPIDAE p t l t ; ddl t b th p r f n r l pr p rt n - If n f ll d v l p d th n f r n r n l v n ( 5 1 1- 3 t 16 l th n 3 5× l n t l v n r f r l t v l l n r th n th r tr l p t l n t l n r th n br d r nt nn 1 (13 h r x n pr f l th ddl x n rt d b t n rt d ll b l l t r n f r h rp r t l v l th ddl f pl r l h ld ( 53 r v n r t b r l pr nt b t n nt nn l t r l 19 l htl nt r r t th ; f r n f f ll d v l p d th r n l v n h rt ll n t r th n 3- × l n 19(1 M pl r n d v d d b v r n n- br d (p ENCYRTIDAE p d pr n; n t l r r v pl t ; f r n - h r x n pr f l th ddl x n rt d b t l v l r n l v n l r th n t l n t l th p t r r r n f pl r l h ld ( 39 5 v n; nt nn th 7 f n l nt nd n l ll
-1 - n ll ; t ll n p l h r M l nl l Sp f A n d r l t d (p EU E MI AE th f ; n t p ll n t r f v r Ficus pp —M pl r n d t n tl d v d d nt p t rn nd ( p f A n n ; A n d n th n f W b p r n; n t l r r v t n pl t ; r- nd f th r h r th r r pr b bl p r t d f n l v n tl l th n t l n t l v n; th p ll n t r nt nn ll th r f r f n l nt ft n nd th r t d p f n n p ll n t r th n 3 n ll ; t ll ll th t n- r t t ll d p nd nt n n n th r n f fl r n p p l t M l nd f l nl b p ll n t d b th ppr pr t p f p nd
(p 3 E OMA I AE n p n pr d pr n t d th ppr pr t f (W b 19 h r l t n h p th r f r v r l b th r p pr b bl b n d nd nt f n ε n t r-f nd t p ll n t r- p (W b 19 b l n n f - p n r ll nt r th f v th n rr t l n th pr l n th r n nd ft n ESC I IO S l p rt f th r nt nn nd l (W b 19 l nt n W l r 19 3 h f l rr p ll n Su e ami y C A CI OI EA fr th r f th p ll n t n th fl r th n th f ami y AGAO I AE th nt r nd n h h th r n d d t d ll n tr n p rt d n p ll n `p t n th th r x n ` r- r 1 -1 b l n h f r l r n f ld f th nt r nt l n G n r l h b t f rl l n t ft n d - br n f th t r h f l p v p t n t n tl d r v ntr ll fl tt n d Int nt th h n f l f fl r h l rv f th p ll n t r p n n- t ll ( x pt n S ph n p f h h d v l p nd p p t th n th nd p r f th fl r r n r ll t ll r n n th ( x l d n v p - h n l l r f r t nd t th th f l t r 1 - S x l d rph v r r d ( x pt h l t ll n d th ll d fl r h l n r ll n Ep hr ll n ; f l f ll n d nd f n r l b r h l n th ll f th f h h ll th f l h l d pp r n ; l ( x pt n Ep hr ll n p t r fr th ll d fl r A f p f p l d th th h d d pr p rt n t l l r n A n n l th t p ll n t n th f fl r nd r d d t t p nd t r r l t v l ll d v r - t (W b 1979 n fr v l t tr n l r t n l r nd l n t fr h t r t h v b n d r b d n d t l nl h p n th t tr n l pr n th E ft n x- f r Blastophaga psenes ( nn (A n n (Gr nd tr l ll p ll n p l d l n h h 19 9 l n Gr nd 193 h d p t d th b pl d n r fr nt f h d M nd bl f f l v l th l n f l nt t n nd h f r t- n t r l rv ft n l n t (A n n th tr n v r l r d d pl tr n l nt nd th rt n- nt d h t r pr x l pp nd th t f l ft n r l t v l v r l rv tr n l rv d nd th - nd t th r l r nd d f r f ht n Ant nn f f l 9-13- - nt h h v p r f l htl r d r nd d nt d th t f l 3-1 - nt d; p n f l v ntr l t r l pr t b r n ft n v r l r ll n br t n l r Blastophaga psenes pr b bl th b t n n f ll th h r x d r ll ll t fl t th pr n t f rl f - p n t th l p ll n t n nt f th d bl l n t r n t ft n th th l n t l v n f Ficus carica. h p f f n d t v r h r t r t 9 ° n l t nt r r n r n; th f l fl r r n n pl nt nd th l nd r n l v n v r n fr nl l ttl l n r th n br d ll-fl r (n n-r pr d t v f l fl r th r l - t v r l t l n r th n br d; p t r n l v n ft n t v l h rt t l n n th r W p th t r fr f t l n l ft n nd l ll th f r nd fl t th r l r f l pl nt h ll n n h nd f r tr n l d v l p d ll n ntr t n th r l d bl d-f ll b pr d d nl f th l d v l p d l nd r ddl f r r f f l p nt r n f l f h v r d fr l f 5- nt d f l 1-5- nt d th p ll n t n th fl r th n th f l f ( G t r f f l n t p t l t th v p t r n r ll l n Gr nd 193 h of Blastophaga psenes t l t l htl x rt d b t ll v r tr n l ; l t n pr d n f r ll n rth A r h b n t r t t v r l n t l t f l nt h r d b S n (197 l n r th n r nd r f t r; t r f l n r ll At l t p f th bf l Ep hr ll- d fl x d d n rd n l ll th fl r f f nd n n t n
-15- t p ll n t r ( p r t t d n r d t b r l ; v p t r h rdl x rt d Sp b l n n t bf l th r th n th A n- M l n th b t 5-3 S l r n pp r n n nd Ep hr ll n r pr b bl ll p r t d r t f l b t t r n l r r nl l htl d r r h p rp r t d f th ll-f r r Ad lt f l f th th n th r x nd l htl d fl x d d n rd Ant nn 1 - p r t p v p t n d ll d fl r h h nt n nt d; nd bl d r t l l r r nd h nd th t r ll-f r r h r lt n l rv t th ll l th f r n p l ll n nd t b t t; t v nt ll t rv n th p ll n t r l rv t d th r ddl l f r n r l pr p rt n p r t v l t ll th t r ll-f r r Ov p t n f l l nd r r n t nt r th f h th t d n t nt r v p t fr t d nd h v l n v p t r th l h n l l nd p h b n r r d h h th p r th ll f th f Sp f th r p fr th fr t f Ficus r b n f nt n n - th t nt r th f h v r l t v l h rt v p t r h t n th l t d nt p r l . nt r th f thr h th t l t th t th r n n h t (W b 19 r W rld t t t p ; A tr l l nd r h f l A n d nd r t d h r l nd n p r d t b tr v ntr nt n b t p n 7 r n r It pr (G r lt v r l bf l f h h nl th A n n nd Ep hr ll n r r pr nt d n l nd Ge us l t d nt Sau e s n r h nt n n n l p r f nd n r 13 1 l nd l t d nt S nd r 1 3 p p l t d nt p r l S nd r 1 3; A tr l KEY O GE E A O AGAO I AE OU I EW EA A n l n th ( x l d n v p t r b t Ι t l r l n ll r d r h n r v r n rl 1 5-3 5 d l n t r t n l r n d r l v r h n p t r r r n f t ; h d r r b t 3× l n br d; n l r v nn t n l h p n th ( 1 nt r r ll t nt nn l t ; v r h ll r (p 1 Ep hr ll n r d t th n th d t n b t n th t t d n r b f h d; — t l r l n b nt; h d pr n th ( 13 1 nt nn n t d t n tl h r 1 - r 11- nt d; p (p 1 A n n l t d nt fl tt n d br t n l r t b v l th r nt b l ndr l n l d n th n ll f r nt ; n- d bl th v r l tr n v r r d nd n l d n t Ge us r d t Gi au pp nd nl l ttl h rt r th n h d M t t ll nd pr p d b l n l n th r n r 1 b t t l n br d; p t r n l v n b t r d t G r lt 1931 1 p p r d t pr l n t l v n r l n r r 5- nt d p - p G r lt 1931; A tr l p r h n r x d n p x f t r; v p t r v r n fr l ttl h rt r th n t r t t l n n l n th b t 5-3 d M l n th b t 1 -1 d n r ll ll nd th r x h n n r n -br n v r d th p r t r n d b b l th th p n n d br n br tl ; t r d r br n d b t n -th rd h d; v r ll t n t t t d n nt r r p rt f br d r th n l n ; d r t l l r p r t d b h d; nt nn 5- r - nt d d t d n d p l ttl r th n th r n l n th; nt nn t t d b t r t fr nt f h d p r t d b h rp fl n ; l v l th l r r n 13- nt d n l d n fl ll v r h rt Apt r r nd h nd l th n l n ll r n t l n t b t h lf l n f r tr n l ll n t b v r h rt nd t t; ddl t p r ll l- d d; n t l r l n pl t ; pr - l th f r nd t b r l t v l l nd r G t r n r ll p d v r t p f r n r ht n l th t ll r fl x d b n th th r x r n th d t n t r n l fr n ; r n l v n l ttl l n r th n t l v n p t r n l h h rt r l Sp f l t d nt t p ll n t r f th n t l r 5- nt d G t r b t l n v r p E r l d n d v l p n fl r th r x; p t l v r tr n v r nd t n t; r l br tl b d th n th nr p f ft r th f l h n d
-1 - thr h th t l M t n f th r lt n ff pr n t Ad lt ph l n d f d n th h n d x d d b pl ft r r n n th r pt l f th r p f th r h t r n r t n n fr th v p t n M t d f l r fr th f rr n p ll n r n t A p f C ph h v n b n b rv d t h h dh r t th r b d nd l t n nr p f In tr t d h t t nd t t r t h n d n n t th th ntr d p ll n fr th (C nd n 1937 Aph l n d r ft n t l d h r n l r p f M l d th n th r p n d fr t ( l rv f t p r t p (Aph t pp h v f n - l nt n W l r 19 3 t n l tr h l t nd p r l ( n h h n l l nd p h b n r r d fr 1979 b t th nd p r t d ( C ph h v th fr t f r b n f nt n ( l nt n n th r (C nd n 1937 p t n t pl n d r W l r 19 3 It h b n r r d n t n th t d th h t S p p p t th n th l v n r d t b tr v ntr (G r lt h t n d p p t n h b r h h b f ll d th r h r v d n th t r n d th h b r r x n W b (19 3 19 1977 d r v d fr th h t tr h l t n th En rt- W rld t t ht n p ; A tr l d (Cl n 19 r t d f l nd ph d n- l nd n p nl l t d nt p r r ll r b tt n h l thr h th nt nt f l S nd r th h t b t f th l h d l t v r n th d lt p h th r t fr b n th t; h d lt v n l f n t n l nd bl ( n 19 ami y A E I I AE S p f Aph l n d r v r n l n th t th x h v d ff r nt h t r l t n h p h f l f r 15- th p d v l p pr r nd p r t d f h - n G n r ll ll nd r b t r fl tt n d r r l pt r h t ( ll d M l f th p l n t ; l n th b t -1 d v r n n l r b pr r t p r t d f pt r h p rp r - fr p l ll t d r br n v r r r l t ll nd t d f th r h l d d p th n th r h pt r- n v r tr n l Ant nn 5-9- nt d ( x l d n h t pr r nd p r t d f l p d pt r n r n ll f pr nt ; f n l n b th x - - nt d v n h p rp r t d f l r f l f th r n b t l f n l t th an dd t n l nt p ( l nt n 19 ; l r v f th M t th d p tr ht n t l ; pl r n ph n n n b W lt r 19 3 v r n fr n r l- z d nd d v d d nt p t r- h r r d x l d rph n th t r n nd p r n t r l t v l l r h ld- h p d t f p f Aph l n d S v r l p nd nd v d d ll n d r br h pt r ; f ll n d ( f C ph h v x ll d rph f r th r n l v n l n t t l v n h rt nd ( l nd r 1937 n M zz n 197 M zz n p t r n l b nt ( n th M n n n t t f nd n n 19 nd th l rv f n t x r n ll l nd th t l v n l n t nd th p t- x ll d rph r x pl th f r t- n t r l r n l v n d t n t ; f r n ft n th l n lv l rv f C ph b l th d n l n t nd
r p l M ddl x n rt d ll b h nd ddl f h v p n -l t l h r th f l l rv h n l n pl r n; ddl t b l p r f rl l n t nd t t; t nd h r n r l t l ( l nd r 1937 h t r - r 5- nt d G t r l ; v p t r ll p p f p ( En r pp l xh b t n t r h rdl x rt d lth h n ll tr n l x l d rph ( n M zz n 197 x rt d W rld d n p f ph l n d h v b n d f ll n th b l l ntr l f n t p t r- l Aph l n d r n r ll nt rn l p r t d h p th b t n n f th En r f r , h h r h p rp r t d f pt r (n t bl C d nd ld r ll t ntr l th r nh h t fl Aph d d r t p r t d f d p d l ( - r l r d v p r r r , p t nt ll r p t f pt r p d d r pr d t r f th r S p - r nh pl nt Aph t nt n n p h h r nt rn l p r t d f f th r n t n t bl h v b n pl d n pr r t ntr l d p d pt r nd n ll Orth pt r nd p d pt r l p t f r h rd nd th r r p ( n nd f d v l p n l rv r p p f r n d h 1979 ( n pt r C d d r Ch d ( pt r ( n 19 M n p r f nt r t r h f l Aph l n d f d r t z b f th d ff r nt nt n f th x ( b - nt n n b t 9 p n 5 n r Ab t 7 l p n 11 n r r n n fr l nd
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... (ρ 1 Cales — Cl v 3- nt d r fl ll 5- nt d ( 10(6) l ll 5- nt d; f n l - nt d th - (p 3 Pteroptrix 3rd nt d t n tl h rt r th n th th r ( 1 ; f r n r r l v nl nf t br n h th ( r n h rt n t r h n p x f gaster 5 b l h lf l t n d nd t l ll n d ( 15 — r n t l t r h n p x f t r 6 ... (p 19 Ablerus — l ll - nt d; f n l n t b v ; f r n 5(4) At l t h d nd th r x d r br n nd h n ; p x th t l t b nd p x h l n th b l h lf th f l v r nd d n t pr d d d n rd ( 1 d r t l d n t nd ll t n t l
... (p Aphelinus ll 11 — d pl t l ll h; p x f l v l htl pr - d d d n rd ( 7 (p 1 Centrodora 11(10) l ll n t l rl d ff r nt t d nt f n l nd l v r d ll t p r n t rd p x ( 9
6(4) r n th n bl n d tr p (l n lv ... (p 1 Coccophagoides xt nd n b d fr v n t f t l v n ( 19 — l ll l rl d ff r nt t d nt f n l nd t l t 1 3 ; f n l 3- nt d 7 - nt d l v th l v t l t br d 1 t — r n th t h tr p nd th d l t f n l nt nd ll d t n tl br d r 12 r r l v nl d tr b t d ( 3 3 3 33 1 r f b l h lf f f r n n rl n d ( 15 th n f n l 12(11) r n b r n l v n b d f p r t - nt d ( 1 10 th t t t d r ll ; r n l fr n ft n t l t h lf l n x dth f f r n t 7( d r th r n rr nd l n t th t r d - th d t n t n d r t p x f t l v n ( 3 ; t n tl l n r th n h d pl th r x ( 5 ; f r n l n t d n l n ll n fl ll f n t l rl v bl n rr t l t b t 5-3 × l n br d ( ; n rd- nt d t r l (p Encarsia l v ll l htl pr d d d n rd t p x ( — r n b r n l v n b d f p r t th t 7 ; v p t r b t 3× l n ddl t b ; b d l t t d r ll nd ll n r ; r n l ll h (p 1 Centrodora fr n h rt h l th n n - rt r f x n — d r l t v l br d th t r n t l n r th n h d dth n v r th n d r t p x f t l v n; pl th r x r h rdl ( ; f r n l htl r l n t d n l n ll n fl ll ft n d n l rl th n t l n br d; l v r nd d r bl l v bl n rd- nt d t r l 13 tr n t t p x ( 1 37 ; v p t r t t b t t l n ddl t b ; b d ft n d r n d 8 13(12) n l 3- nt d; b d ll th br n r ; t ll th nl t ( 3 r f 8(7) Ax ll n t pr j t n nt r r t t ll th r th r th n th r x tl br n
nt r r r n f r n tr ht l n th nt r r ... (p Coccophagus
-1 - — n l - nt d ( n dr - nt d t r l - d ff r nt t d nt f n l nd l v r th - nt d t pp r ntl 3- nt d ; b d ll ; t ll f n l nd - nt d l v ; l n t d n l n ll n th t l t 1 t ; l n t d n l n ll n fl ll n t fl ll n t pr n nt 1 pr n nt ( 1 (p 3 Euxanthellus — r n b r n l v n b d f p r t d r- ll th t l t t ; fl ll ll n t n f M l 3- nt d f n l nd 3- nt d l ν lth h 1 (1 r n b r n l v n b d f p r t n ll f n l nd l v n t l rl d ff r nt t d; th nl n l t d r ll r f pr nt th n l n t d n l n ll pr n nt fl ll n t d ff r nt t d nt f n l nd l v 15 — r n b r n l v n b d f p r t th t 1( l ll n t n f l r nt ; t l- l t 3 t d r ll r f nl pr nt th n fl ll l x l d n x ll r d th d r br n; f r n l rl d ff r nt t d nt - nt d f n l nd - b r n l v n b d f p r t ll th t nt d l v 17 ( n ll 3 d r ll ; r n l fr n l th n n - rt r l n x n dth th n n d 15(1 r 5- nt d; fl ll 5- nt d th r t t l v n (p 1 Coccophagoides 3rd nt h th h rt t (p 19 Ablerus — l ll n t n f - nt d l v nd - — r - nt d; fl ll n t 5- nt d ( n t nt d f n l ( 3 ; t ll x l d n x ll l t 1 xtr l t l p fl ll 5- nt d b t ll nt r l r n r ll ; f r n b r n l v n nt b l n l n th 1 b d f p r t ll th nl t d r ll n ll th 3 r ; r n l fr n ft n t l t h lf 1 (15 l ll ( n l d n th v r ll n ll 3- l n x n dth ft n th n d r nt d l th d n h rl f d r t v r l t t t l v n ( n 3 (p Encarsia l n th d t r f nt f r n ( ... (p 1 Cales ( S t ll nd t br n r bl ; x l- — l ll - nt d l th d th t h rt r th n l nd xtr d f t n ll r n ; th d t r f nt f r n ( 3 t ll t ft n th nl t b t n ll ... (p 3 Pteroptrix th r th n 1 (p Coccophagus —S t ll nd t ll ; x ll nd n- 17(1 r n th n bl b r tr p (l n lv tr l d - h p d r n t br n; t ll xt nd n b d fr v n t f t l v n ( n th t l t 1 t ( (p 3 Euxanthellus 19 1 3 1 — r n th n h tr p ( n 3 3 33 1 Ge us Abl r owa 1 (17 r n r l t v l n rr t l t b t 5-3 × r 15 1 l n br d; b d ll h (p 1 Centrodora Ablerus rd 1 9 7 p p Centrodora — r n r l t v l br d t t nl l htl l n r clisiocampe A h d 1 9 ; U S A l r d th n t t dth; b d fr ntl d r br n - n ll ll r p l th d r r r n 19 n l n th b t 5 - Ant- nn 7- nt d ( x l d n n ll f pr nt ; f n l 19(1 r n r n l v n t t b t l n - nt d th 3rd nt h rt t r n t nt r ; b r n l v n r f l n r th n th r x d r br n nd t th 1 r p r f t ; pr p d d - h n ; b d ll r b t; d r f th r x r th r nv x t n tl l n r th n t n t r n th p r t ... (p Aphelinus n t n p l nl r d; t l v n l n t p x — r n r n l v n d t n tl l n r th n b- v r n fr n t t f rl ll n; p t r n l v n r n l v n; th r x n v r d r br n nd h n ll b nt; d p r l nd n f r l t r l t b r ; ll r t l t p l n ll th d r r b r n l v n th 1 t r 5- nt d G t r r n ; b d t l t l htl fl tt n d d r v ntr ll ; th t r t II + III p r t d; v p t r ll d r f th r x fl t (p Aphytis x rt d; h p p r h n p x f t r M l (n t n n f r l nd p n th (17 r n b r n l v n b d f p r t b t 5 - G n r ll l r t f l ; f r - d r ll th t t t ; fl ll th r n t l rl n ft n p l r b t l rl r d
-19- l Un n n; l h r r rd d p r t d f ( n l x pt r tr d K r ld ; l fr f pt r (C b r 19 7 nd p d pt r r l r d v p r r r (W t d ; ( rl n hn n 19 •A. l ( ld n - fr Er l n r ( - n ; r W f ll th p n n f t (19 3 nd •A. bfl v n (W t d - fr b r l d rl n hn n (19 n nt n n Abl r nd nn l t ( rt Az t d t n t n r lth h h r t r d f r p r t n th n r d n t h ld f r th l nd r r xtr l t l h t r rd K l n p In p rt l r th ll n p x f th t l v n St r (197 r rd d h r t r t p l of Azotus, b t n b l n x n rr èr (19 5 Gr h (197 th r h r t r h th t h b t nd f r n W rld t t xt -thr p n f th p bl t t n pl th l nd p n Abl r . It pl d n th n ; p l t n p bl th t d t l d t d f th t n r ll nf r l nd v n p - th f v l t d b v A. th n n pr p d b Sh f zv (19 5 h l M r t nd n nd t r n d x n S nt (19 Ann In l (197 rl n hn n (19 W rld t t 53 p ; p l t n b t pr d - Ge us Aph t owa n ntl A tr l n r 1 l nd n l nd t r n d p fr th rth I l nd (AK Aph t rd 19 1 p p Aph t h l n rd 19 ; Ch l
Aph l n a ma n l n th -1 d l- Ge us l r h t h ft n th d r r r n Ant nn - r 17- nt d ( x l d n n ll f pr nt th 3 f n l Aph l n l n 1 1 1 p p Ent d n nt r r r l 5- nt d th nl f n l - (Aph l n bd n l l n 1 ; S d n nt ; l v th n t r th n 15 l n t d n l n ll r n t br n d ll r l t v l h rt l n l n th 7 -1 35 U ll b d th n n - rt r l n t ; pl r n t r b t Ant nn - nt d ( x l d n n ll f d v d d nt p t rn nd p r n n ll p- pr nt th 3- nt d f n l t n b t n p r n nd v d d; pr p d th p t r r r n l p t r r p r f t ll r t l t r r t r th n r n h l n r t th n nf t p tt rn; d t n b t n nt r r p r; pl r n d v d d nt l n lv pr nt; r n l v n l n r th n t l ll; p r n nd p t rn r n n ll h rt- p t r n l v n b nt r 5- nt d G t r th n d nd n t r h n p x f t r b t f f ll d v l p d h p p n t r h n p x; v p t r n t r h rdl th n r n l v n n t l n r th n t l ll; p t r n l x rt d v n b nt; ll d f n d l n lv pr nt r 5- - M l n th 5 -1 1 Ap rt fr n t l nd nt d; l l n l n th; ddl t b l p r d n l l htl ll r z n r ll l r t f l h r p p r h n p x f t r; v p t r n t r h rdl x rt d l Sp of Aphytis r xt rn l p r t f d - M l n th 5 -1 15 r l r t f l p d d l ( pt r p d d r ll th d ff r n nl l htl n nt nn l tr t r nd n n t - r l t r n h b t b t n p p t x nd v d - l l d v l p n n l h t Kn n h t t n f l nd p r l Sp f Aph l n r pr r nd p r - •A. h l n rd - d h t r n n l d n t d f ph d ( pt r Aph d d ; l r rd d A n d ll r nt (Maskell), Aspidiotus h d r ( ll t fr h t fl ( pt r Al r d d Kn n h t b rl r p x (C t rl t r p tt p r t n f p n l nd r M ll nd p pp ; •A. bd n l l n - fr M r ph ph r •A. hr ph l M r t-pr b bl p f t A n d ll b ( h nd A rth ph n nd Sh nj ; r nt (M ll ; •A. h W l r - fr M r ph ph rb •A d p d rd- n n nl fr Q dr p d t •A. p b rl - fr Aph n r n l p rn (C t ; C p t ph r l n ( l G r x pt r r nt •A n t C p r — r r p th p t x
- — l rv d v l p n n n l nd n p r M ll; Diagnosis. Female. n th ( x l d n v p t r - •A t l p d ( r n — fr p d ph l 1 C l r n r ll ll r ll h ft n th ( nn Q dr p d t tr f r (C rt nd d br n p tt rn n th r x; l n v r th d r Q. p rn (C t b nd r p t Ant nn ( x l d n n ll f pr nt - nt d; f n l 3- nt d; l v ll th p x Remarks. Aph t p r xt n v l d n b - p nt d nd l htl d n- rv d M t th n t l l ntr l f p t d p d d l p rt l rl n r th n 1 t ; pl r n ll d v d d nt r h rd r p Aph t d p d ntr d d nt p t rn nd p r n n ll pp r n nd - l nd n 19 p r t d f th S n é l b t v d d W n t tr n l r d d; f ll d v l p d p bl lr d t bl h d f r n l n n rr b t 5-3 × l n br d; x n n h (19 r n l v n t t l n t l ll; l n lv W rld t t n n t - x p ; p l t n pr nt r b nt r 5- nt d G t r ll l n r l nd v n p pr n th f v l t d th n h d nd th r x b n d; v p t r fr ntl ll b v nd t nd t r n d x rt d th x rt d p rt p t h lf l n t r; h p p n t xt nd n t p x f t r Male. n th b t 3 - 95 Ap rt fr n t l Ge us C l owa nd l htl ll r z l r n pp r n t f l r 3 Biology. t r rd d n l nd r f ll C l rd 19 7 p p G l n • C. l p p l nt n - fr f th p n v n rd 19 7; r z l h pp r S l p p tr l W l r ( pt r n - Diagnosis. Female. n th b t - d d ; ll h r br n h Ant nn ( n l d n th d t n t • C. x ph d r n - fr f th r h pp r C n n ll - nt d; f n l - nt d; l v tr n - ph l v tt t (W l r (Orth pt r A r d d v r l tr n t t p x r n t l n t d n ll d v d d Extr l t l h t r rd r ll fr n t r n r n l fr n t l t h lf l n dth f n ; l n lv b nt; b r n l v n th n l Remarks. x n t (197 19 3 l nt n t ; p t r n l v n b nt r t b l p r l t (19 tr ht; t r - nt d G t r th h p p n t W rld t t t nt - ht p ; p l t n r h n p x l nd f r p th l t d b v nd t Male. n th b t 35- G n r ll l r t nd t r n d f l b t nt nn ( n l d n n ll 5- nt d nd fl ll l th d n h rl f l n t Ge us C ph d Gi au Biology. h n l l nd p h b n r r d r 9 fr A t r h t n p tt p r bl t n ( pt r C ph d G r lt 1915 5 p p C Al r d d n tt p r n d C nn n h ph bn r rn G r lt 1915; A tr l
Remarks. The t p p C. n , h b n ntr - Diagnosis. Female. n th b t 5 - 95 Ant- d d n r nt r nt C ntr l A r nd E r p n nn ( x l d n n ll f pr nt - nt d; fl l- n tt pt t ntr l th ll h t fl Al r nth l p ndl - h p d n t l rl d ff r nt t d nt f n l l A hb nd l v t p l nt n l th p nt d p x; W rld t t t d r b d p ; S th A r fl ll l th d th v r h rt h r pp r n n d n E r p ( ntr d d nd A tr l dr - nt d t r l r n t br n d ll ; l nd n nd r b d p ; rth I l nd x ll ll l n r th n d p r t d b r th n nl (AK th r n l n th r n th 3 r r t n b- r n l v n; r n l v n h rt r th n t l ll; Ge us C ntr d r ö s e t l v n th n nl r d p x; p t r n l v n b nt; l n lv b nt; r n l fr n h rt h rdl r 5- l n r th n t l v n r 5- nt d n ll C ntr d r ör t r 1 7 p p C ntr d r f r t r - nt d G t r th h p p r h n n ör t r 1 7 ; G r n r n rl r h n p x
- 1- Male. n th b t 5 - 95 r l r t All n d nt f d l nd p th t h v b n f l b t fl ll n t r dl p ndl - h p d nd r r d r r rd d fr d d l th d n r l t v l r t Remarks. x n C p r (1931 rr èr (19 Biology. h l nd p h b n r r d fr Ann In l (197 t (1971 b rl r p x (C t ( pt r p d- W rld t t 17 p ; p l t n d El h r f l f th n r pr r nd - l nd b t t n p thr f th d nt f d p r t d f d p d d l ( pt r p d d ( b l th r nd r pr b bl nd nd th l r bl t nd r t p r t d f th pr p p nd p p f th r f l Ge us En r ö s e Remarks. x n tt (19 r 3 -35 W rld t t t lv p ; p l t n En r ör t r 1 7 5- p p En r tr l nd n nd t r n d p l r ör t r 1 7 ; G r n
Diagnosis. Female. Ge us C ph Wes woo n th b t 35- 75 Ant- nn ( x l d n n ll f pr nt - nt d; f n l r 3 31 3-5- nt d; l n t d n l n ll n fl ll nd - C ph W t d 1 33b 3 p p t n t h n n t v n tr t pp r n n rd- nt d Ent d n t ll r l n 1 5; S d n p n S t ll th p r f t ; x ll r l - t v l ll p r t d b r th n th r n l n th Diagnosis. Female. n th -1 d l r r n th f r th n t n b r n l v n; v r n fr l t pl t l ll t pl t l p t r n l v n b nt; t l v n h rt; n d p t h bl Ant nn ( x l d n n ll f pr nt - nt d t pr nt t p x f v n t n; r n l fr n th 3- nt d l v r r r l 7- nt d th - v r n fr l th n n - xth t r th n h lf f n nt d l v ; p b l ndr l n t fl tt n d r dth; l n lv b nt r 5- nt d; n ll xp nd d; rh n r pr n nt v n nt tr t ddl t r - nt d G t r th h p p n t pp r n n rd- nt d p n r n t nt r ; r h n p x t ll n t xt nd n v r b f t r th r r Male. n th b t 35- U ll d r r th n t ; x ll p r t d d ll b b t th l n th f n f l ; nt nn 7- nt d; fl ll r nt b l x ll r n th 5 r r ll t l t 1 t n l n th n t d ff r nt t d nt f n l nd l v ; l n t - n b r n l v n; p t r n l v n v r h rt r d n l n ll n fl ll nd t n t b nt; t l v n v r h rt; l n lv b nt; r- n l fr n n r ll h rt n t r h rdl l n r th n Biology. En r p r p r t d f d p d d t l v n r 5- nt d G t r th h p p l nd l r d d l rv nd p p ( pt r - n t r h n p x p d d Al r d d nd r r l r p r t d f th Male. n th 5 -1 5 G n r l pp r n t r t f C d h f l r pr r n- l r t th t f f l b t ft n h d r r; nt nn ll d p r t d nd th l r bl t nd r p r - th fl ll r nt l n r nd br d r t t d d v l p n n th pr p p r p p f f l f d ff r nt t d nt 3- nt d f n l nd 3- nt d th r n p r th r t bl h n pt r pr p - l v b t ll 5- nt d f n l nd 1- nt d p n ppr pr t h t Sp n n fr - l v l nd h v th f ll n h t t n • E. tr n ( rd - n nd d pr d p r - Biology. Sp f C ph r ll p r t d f t d f n p d d (1 h t p r rd d n th r C d r d d h n d l nd nd t r t f C d v z l nd p h v th f ll n h t t n C r pl t n n l G r nd C h p r d • C. rn C p r - r r d fr d ( nn ; l n p n r n z tt ; • E. f r G h n - fr r l r d v p r r r • C. hr rd - fr C r pl t n n l W t d nd l z l ( r M l (Al r d - G r S t ff W l r nd S. l ( rn ; d ; • C. t ll r ( l n — fr C h p r d n- • E. b l ( rd - p r t d f nd n p r n nd lv n r p M ll ( p d d ;
- — • E. p r nd ll Howard - p r t d f r l r d t ll th r th n 1 t n t xt nd n v r b v p r r r W t d; f t r r n th r th n 5 t n b r n l • E. p rn (Tower) - p r t d f A n d ll r n v n; p t r n l v n b nt; l n lv b nt; r- t M ll nd Q dr p d t p rn (C t n l fr n h rt n t r h rdl l n r th n t l v n ( p d d r 5- nt d G t r th h p p n t r h n p x Remarks. W rld t t v r 15 p ; p l t n Male. n th b t 7 - 9 G n r ll l r t l nd b t t n p nl f v f th d n- f l b t th b ld ntr t n ll nd d r br n t f d ( b v p tt rn n t nd t ll ; fl ll r nt r l t v l l n r nd t t r; nd nt nn th 3- - nt d f n l nd 3- nt d l v Ge us E tr h ll Gi au r 3 -39 Biology. h n l l nd p E. ph l pp S lv tr h f l h h r pr r p r t d f E tr h ll G r lt 1915 p p Ε C d nd l h h r h p rp r t d n th r tr h ll lb l v G r lt 1915; A tr l n f l r n th r n rt d nd ph l n d pr r Diagnosis. Female. n th b t 1 -1 3 Ant- p r t d f C d d d nd Al r d- nn ( x l d n n ll f pr nt - nt d; f n l d l h v b n r r d pr r p r t d 3- nt d; p l htl t r dl br d n d nd fr p f C r pl t , C , Ct n h t n, fl tt n d r n t nd v d d; x ll p r t d b b t rth n l n , lv n r , nd S t . M l h v th r n l n th; nt r r r n f x ll nd t ll b n r r d h p rp r t d f th h t v n tr ht l n ; t ll l t d l n ; f l f E. ph l pp , nd fr th f ll n pl r n l r nd v d d r n ft n nf t ; • rth n l n p (C d v M t ph t l n lv pr nt; r n l v n l n r th n t l ll; b rl I h (En rt d ; p t r n l v n b nt; t l v n h rt th t • Ct n h t n p rf r t M ll (C d v t r n d r r p t r b nd ; t r 5- nt d ptr x p (Aph l n d ; Male. Un n n • p r l n t (M ll ( d d v tr n d p (En rt d ; Biology. Un n n • n d nt f d p f Al r d d v En r p (Aph l n d Remarks. h l r nd v d d pl r n nd th tr ht p t r r r n f th t r - Remarks. x n Ann r n l (197 t v f th En rt d th t E tr h ll rl r W rld t t thr p ; Afr tr p l A tr l n pl d n th t f l ( b rl 19 1 v r ft r l nd n p ( b v t d n d r b d p t (19 3 pl d t rr tl n th Aph l n d Ge us t r ptr x Wes woo x n b rl (19 1 t (19 3 r - W rld t t v n p ; A tr l n Or nt l l nd n nd t r n d p ; rth I l nd t r ptr x W t d 1 33b 3 p p t r p nl (AK tr x d d t W t d 1 33; En l nd = rd l rd 19 7 p p rd l Ge us E x nth ll Si es i tr l n rd 19 7; A tr l New synonymy. = h ll t 1979 1 3 p p r 1 h ll n rth G r lt 19 ; A tr l New synon- E x nth ll S lv tr 1915 3 p p E x n ymy. th ll ph l pp S lv tr 1915; Eth p Diagnosis. Female. n th b t 5 -1 C l- Diagnosis. Female. n th b t -1 3 d r v r n fr pl t l h t h thr h ll t n r ll ll Ant nn ( x l d n nn ll f pr nt pl t l br n; p l r p n t th d r 9- nt d; f n l - nt d; rh n r pr n nt n br n b nd r tr p Ant nn ( x l d n n ll f rd- nt d p n v n nt tr t p- pr nt 7- nt d; f n l - r - nt d r n t p r n Ax ll p r t d b b t th r n l n th; d v d d d ll W n ll f ll d v l p d lth h
- 3- br h pt r l nd p r n n; ami y C A CI I AE b r n l v n th nl n l t d r ll r - r 7- 9 nt d Ov p t r t tr n l x rt d; h p - p v r n fr n rl r h n p x t r h n n B d r b t t l n t tr n l lpt r d; p x f t r l n th ( x l d n v p t r b t 5-9 C l r M l n th b t - 9 G n r ll l r t bl h ft n r d th h t ll r r d p rt - f l b t nt nn ( x l d n n ll f pr nt 7- r - l rl n l Ant nn n b th x 11-13- nt d nt d th f n l - r 5- nt d n rt d b t d b t n th r n nd nt r r ll οr h l r t th; l v 1-3- nt d; l G n r ll p r t d f p d d lth h n ll 1 t fl ll r nt f l v r th n n l- f th l nd p h v b n r r d fr l f r h dd n b p d l l b v 1; pr p t ll C d nd Er d h rdl v bl b t n pr n t nd pl r n r - n r n l v n v r n fr v r h rt t t l n ; r W h v x n d th nt p f rd l t l v n h rt; p t r n l v n v r n fr b nt tr l n rd (US M M AC h r t d r t l l n nd f r h r t r t ll ll n n l r d nd r nt d n v r l l d A l t t p ft n th v r l t th n nn r r n; t b r dl n t d n t d h r n th ld b t b d n h n rv d; t r 5- nt d G t r v r n fr b l p n h v b n r nt d h r v r l ttl t d t n tl p t l t d ff r n b t n tr l n nd th p n r- ll r rd d b l n n t t r ptr x, x pt th t th l Ch l d d r nl l t r pr r nd - ddl t b l p r h rt r n r l t n t th b t r nd p r t d f th t r l rv r n p p f pt r th nt nn f th l h x- nt d fl ll r p d pt r lth h f p r n n t b h r n t r ptr x ( h r n n t f v - nt d t p r t d r r r S p tt - In r v f th rld ph l n d n r t (19 3 n pt r C l pt r r r pt r A n b r f p r t n d th t n r d t n t n th b f th ( n l d n tr p l p f Sp l h l b h r t r l n t n th t th v nth nd hth tr l h p rp r t S p f Ch l v p t nt t r t r pp r ntl p r t n tr l n , b t f d f Str t d ( pt r l d n l t r n t r d n th n n p f t r ptr x. W f l th t th v t t n (C n 1979 Up n h t h n th tr t d d ff r n r n t n r b t pr b bl nl r fl t p - l rv l nt r th t r n h h th nd r l rv l bl p - r p n n th r r p t th t p p - d v l p nt r n th p r d th h l d d 1 rv r n r rph l ll v r l r l t d r nt n d th Wh n th tr t d l rv t (1979 pr p d th n h ll f r r r d t p p t th r t t d b n r th r h ll n rth , p r t n t fr th r t tr r l r t b v th t rl n h Ch l l rv l ph l n d b th p ndl - h p d fl ll nd pr n nt pl t th r d v l p nt nd th r d lt r thr h h p p v r th l nd p v r r nd h l th t th t n th l f d t l f th fr b n v r l rph l ll t . d d t tr t d ( r 1979 At l t n p f Ch l W t d [ t r ptr x t f n n nd n ] t p rh p v p t d r tl nt b r d tr t d l rv v n r xtr th n th t p p f h ll (S hr r 19 ( n r p rf ll l r t p f C ph l h l d d l p t t h ndr d d . W d n t b l v th t r t n n th t n r h h r l n t - v l nd t h v v r d t n t r l t nd h r r rd th n n h rt p t l h f r t- n t r l rv b pl r t t r ptr x n b d t n h d fr th th r t tr - h v t l; t h v p r l r n t b t h ll r ph l n d n r b th b n t n f v n- d v l p d t l r p n p t n t pl n d th nt d nt nn n th f l nd th pr n f nl h t p p n l t n th f r n b r n l v n S h l d d r f nt r t p r t d f n t t r ptr x ll A h d d r b d fr p t r x pl r h r nt r d ( l nd tr n f rr d t Oph l (E l ph d b p r t d f ntr d p r, n ntr d d p t f (19 v r t f tr n rth A r b t t h pr v d t b f x n t (19 3 l ttl f r b l l ntr l p rp Sp f th W rld t t v nt n p ; p l t n pr d n ntl tr p l n rh n b f l nd t l t t nt -f v p t f n t ll n p rt n p r t d f n nthr p pt r nd nd nd r b d nd fr t-fl ( r ndr n 19 1
- - r h d r t l l r p l t n f l r x n St ff n (1953 b (19 t d v r n th tr p W rld d t nt n b t 19 r ndr n (1977 n A r l (19 15 p pl d n f v bf l t f h h r W rld t t f ft -n n p ; Old W rld f nd n l nd v z Ch l d n nd lt h ll n l nd n nd t r n d p v p n thr n r r r pr nt d n - l nd
KEY O GE E A O C A CI I AE Ge us r h r Wes woo K OW OM EW EA A r Ι nd t b bl l tr n t t p x; h nd f r th r h r W t d 1 3 1 7 p p Vespa l n f r t th ( (p 5 r h r n t nn 17 7; E r p — nd t b r r l tr n v r l tr n t t p x; n th b t 3-7 d th - h nd f r th v ntr l b f f n t th n l r x nd t r bl th h t ll r n r r dd h r n n t l r l d nd th r x th r (1 r n p t r n l v n l htl l n r th n d p b l t p n t r r n n t pr d d nt p r r n l v n h h nfl nt th nt r r n r n f h rn r n th l n r n l v n r nn n ( 7 ; p t r r r n f t ll pr d d nt l n nt r r r n nd l n p t r n l v n nd h rt l b ; l r dd h (p 5 Antr ph l f r th l n f r t th; h nd t b th p x — r n l n p t r n l v n; r n l v n bl l tr n t nd th nl n l p r G t r n rr l p r t d fr nt r r n r n ( 9 ; b l th t d t n t p t l ; v p t r n t r p t r r r n f t ll r nd d; l bl h rdl x rt d (p 5 r n r M l n th b t 3-7 G n r ll l r n p- p r n t f l
Ge us Antr ph l Ki y l Sp f r h r r p p l p r t d r 7 f v r p d pt r nd pt r p . ph Antr ph l K rb 1 33b 3 p p lt ll (W l r nd . t t (W l r (=r br p G r lt h v f rn W l r 1 71; Ind b n ntr d d nt l nd fr A tr l nd r p bl t bl h d p r t d f t rtr d p p A n l n th b t 3-7 d bl th rd p . r br f r (G r lt h b n r rd d b ft n th l p l r ll r n r r dd h d nd (19 th r x ll th r l t v l f n b l t p n t r th h r h - h p d r n r nn n fr b v r x n b (19 19 ph t l. nt r r ll nd l n nn r r n f t n l (1973 t r r n t l ll r r n d l t r ll nl n rr l W rld t t b t 5 p ; p l t n nt rr pt d d ll ; t ll th r th t d n l nd p bl f r p thr f th d n- l n t d n l f rr t p x th h rt l b r n t f d ( b v th r n l v n n nt r r r n f n ; p t- r n l v n l n t nd f r th v ntr l b f f n t th n 1-3 l b ; h nd t b th p x tr n t t r ht n l th p r nd t n xt rn l r n Ge us r n r o t l d t n t; 1 t tr l t r t ft n th p r f b l r 9 r n r n r dd n G r lt 1915b 3 3 p p r M l n th b t 3-5 S ll r b t n r ll n r p l t v ntr dd G r lt 1915; A tr l l r n pp r n t f l n l n th b t 5- d l Sp f Antr ph l n r ll p r t h n n bl S lpt r f h d nd th r x f rl h ll l p d pt r p p th n l l nd p b n nd th r n n t pr d d nt p r f h rn n x pt n It h b n r r d fr p p f th h S t ll p ll r nd d r n r n l v n n r- th Ur ph t p l n l r l ( ld r (G - r l p r t d fr n r n; p t r n l v n tr d b nt nd f r th v ntr l b f t th nd 1 l b ;
- 5- h nd t b tr n v r l tr n t t p x G t r th p r d l t n ( l r 1937 h n l rv n r ll f b l r n n 1 t t r t h f r p r f p r l ( r r 19 h t r l rv M l n th b t 1 5-3 5 S l r n n r l h n n p r f p r l pp r n t f l b t ll l tl ll r r h f l El d nt n n b t l Un n n; l h r p r t n p d pt r p n n l n t d v r n th Old W rld p p tr p
r x n St ff n (197 ; E h l d d nt Ge us El Wes woo W rld t t t nt -t p ; Old W rld r 5 51 l nd n nd t r n d p El W t d 1 33 3 3 p p E l ph fl b ll t n l b 1 3 ; r n
ami y E ASMI AE n l n th b t 1 -3 1 d l r v r n fr l t pl t l ll r n r r 5 51 r dd h t d r br n; th r h r t r f r f l n S ll p th f rl l n t b d d n b t 1 5-3 1 l n d n v r t ll ll bl M l n th b t 9 - 1 G n r ll l r t th p l r n lth h n ll nt r l l- f l x pt f r th n t l br n h d nt nn ll r l h Ant nn n rt d n r r t th r n th n t z nd ft n d r r l r t n nt r r ll n f l 9- nt d ( n l d n n n ll ; l nt nn 1 - nt d th v r ll l On f th l nd p h b n n ll - nt d f n l nd 3- nt d l v ; r r d fr l rv f C t r h n (M r n ll d v n f l v b r th l v pp r- ( p d pt r El h t d n n n l v f th r n t b nt r r nl - nt d; n l 3 b l l l n t . O t d l nd p f El f n l nt br n h d M t b t l n h v b n r rd d pr r r nd r p r t d f br d r n h r t r t ll d - h p d th p d pt r l rv r p p nt r r nd p t r r r n tr ht; r n l v n v r l n b t 3- × l n b r n l v n; t l nd r x n rr èr (19 7 (19 7 p t r n l v n xtr l h rt nd x v r n- W rld t t b t 5 p ; p l t n l r d fl tt n d d -l ; h nd t b l t l th l nd t nd t r n d p n p t rr n d n d nd- h p d p tt rn; ddl nd h nd f r br d n d fl tt n d; t r - nt d G t r b l r r l tr n l r n ami y E CY I AE r - t n; v p t r n t r h rdl x rt d r 9 5 53
l El d r tl r r pr r xt r- n G n r ll v r r b t p b t n- n l p r t d f l rv r p p f p d pt r l v n ll l n t r fl tt n d b t 5-3 5 l n d pr t t d b p n l v r b r f th r n t v r l t ll r fr ll t r n r d br n r n b l rv l r n S p r h p r- bl Ant nn n rt d v r l fr n r th r n p r t d f h h t tl v n d br n d t b t d b t n th r n nd nt r r nd hn n d (A 19 ll 5-13- nt d n f l 5-1 - nt d n h f l l d p r l th h t t rp ll r b l ; n ll f l fl ll v r br d n d nd t n n t th h r v p t r nd th n d p t - th fl tt n d; l nt nn ft n th br n h d nt n b r v r n th th z f th h t — n t rf r M t tr n v r n r ll th t n t l b t f n r t b d h r l n t - v l ( r r 19 r pr nt th v r h ll nd l n r; pl r n n- l n t nd l htl rv d th b th nd thl t n l t nt r l f n nl r d nv x h ld- r nd d ( l r 1937 h f r t- n t r l d l rv h p d r pl r n W n ft n h rt n d; f ll d v l- pl d t n tl nt d nd h v d n p d - p d f r n th r n l v n h rt p t r n l nd p d t t d nt r nt ll fr th nd nd th rd t l v n r l t v l h rt nd ft n b l n l n th nt p t r rl h p d p d r th ht t M ddl x n pr f l b t l v l th ddl f -
— - pl r n; ddl t b l p r r l t v l l n nd t t; t r p t nd v d l fr n l In n p 5- nt d v r r r l - nt d G t r ll = C p d fl r d n (A h d C p d br dl l ; r l pl t dv n d ft n t t d n p t n t C lt r n - th r r t rph f nt r r h lf f t r; v p t r v r n fr h dd n t l rv (S lv tr 19 ; Cr z 19 1 19 b On rph ll x rt d d v l p n r ll ; th th r ` rd rph r fr th br n nv l p f r t b t f l t d nd v n- l M t p f En rt d r t d th t ll d nt r t l br n p ft n C d ( pt r nd p r t d f t r th r h t t b r t l d f r d nd t t d t οr l nl f d lt A f p h v h n th r ll d pr p p ( S lv tr 19 b n r rd d pr d t r f d (S nj v A th th Aph l n d n p f n rt d h v 19 Al t ll p f th tr n n r p r - b n d f ll n th ntr l f n t p t On t d f d d ; p f En rt n r n n rld d b n n rt d th n nt t t l t b p r t d f v r t f d ( n l d n - n ntr l f p t p h b n h v d n d d nd th r n t t t nd p d r r th n th rt n t n W th n l nd thr On p h b n r rd d p r t d f d lt ntr d d p h v pr v d v r ff t v n ntr l- p ll d ( b n n 19 1 M n p f n rt d - l n t r t p t p h r br l p d l nn C p d pp - r p l br n p r t d f l p - (W t d ntr ll n A t r d p v r l ( tz - d pt r l rv S v r l r h p rp r t d f v r b r ( pt r A t r l n d p t f ; C p n t v th r h l d d r n d I hn n d d fl r d n (A h d ntr ll n Chr d x r n d t r ( bl d ( p d pt r t d p t h rph l f th nd f r t- n t r l rv h f h rt lt r ; nd M r t r fl v ( rd , ntr ll n b n r d b M pl (19 7 h h r t r- C h p r d nn ( pt r C d t ll d b ll- h p d nd l d n d th h t In O t d l nd r nt n t bl n th f n n t n th t l f th r n pr tr d n n rt d t ntr l p t p Ep d n r l p z thr ht th b d ll f th h t th n bl n th l rv ( S nt ntr d d fr S th A r t t nd h n t h t h t t l t ph r x n h f r t- ntr l Afr n t h n n h t M t l - r- n t r l rv n r ll pl lth h t h v t l r r ( pt r d d r p t f v h h b b f r t h l rv v r fr 1 - t 1 - ( n h nd r M d j 19 nt d nd r n t h v f n t n n p r l S b v l t n th t th h v d l v l ; r h En rt d r n f th l r t f l th l h v r n f fl h pr t b r n r nd f h l d d nt n n v r 3 d r b d p n h f th f r t t lv nt S l rv r n rt - 5 r n r h r n r ll d v d d nt t b- f r th h v t l t n p r f f n t n n p r- f l th tr n n nd th En rt n In l nd r n tt h d t th ft r l n h l nd th rt -f v n r nt n n b t v nt p - r n r ll 1 - r 11- nt d nd t l t ph r h v b n r rd d r pr nt n b th bf l ; x n h h th bt n thr h th pr tr d n r n pl t r v n h b n p bl h d ` n f f th - h ll Oth r t r l rv th n f n t n l l nd n 13 ( 19 p r l b rb x n d r tl thr h th t l t r l rv r r n f r n tr t r nd r t n l d n h th h h h n t d th th ami y EU O I AE tr h l t f th h t En rt pp nd M t t f r d ph pp (E bl t n 19 ; Al 1957 1959 p t n n r ll t pl th n th b d f th h t In n Ab t - n l n th v r n fr p th h t d n t d nt l ft r th d lt n rt d t t v r l n t ft n v r r b t r d t n tl r In th p th t r l rv pυp - fl tt n d d r v ntr ll C l r v r n fr ll h t t n h b r n th f r f br n nv l p h h br n h th d r r r n th t t ll b nfl nt th th tr h l t f th h t r b d nt r l t ll Ant nn ll n rt d t b t h nv l p b f ll d th r th n bl n th l v l f l r r n r b l 7-1 - nt d ( n- p p t r p r (E bl t n 19 h rp 193 l d n n ll t t th f n l nt ; f n l f S n rt d ( C p d pp r f p rt l r l t br n h d M t ll th ll nt r t b th r p l br n p r t d S r d n t l ; t ll ft n th b d n l n t d - p th t tt l r l p d pt r h t pr d n l r v r n r n l v n l n ; p t r n l
- 7-- 7- nd t l v n n r ll n t l n n ll v r (A t l. 1975 197 19 M t n b h v r n b h rt r - nt d G t r l rl n tr t d t d t p r t l l r l t d p (A M t j n t n th pr p d fr b l t d t n tl 19 h 19 nd th v l t n f d ff r nt p tt rn p t l t ; v p t r v r n fr h dd n t ll x rt d f b h v r h lp n nd r t nd n t t r l - t n h p ( h A 19 l h j r t f l ph d r pr r p r - An nt r t n ph n n n h b n r p rt d f r M l t t d f n l d l rv p ll th nh b t n l f t b t (W l r ( lf r- r n 19 A 1975 n h p tl p r t l rv f p d - Un t d f l r n th th r d v l p n ( l pt r nd r z d pt r lth h th r n t l v n pr n If th d v l p n l r bl th f l n n l d t t n b tt d h t r rthr n tr th th h r nt nn nd th b h v r nthr d n d nd C r l n d ; th r tt v r nt t d h n th p p t h n t d f l ll ll-f r n p f n t nd t ( t th n f h r r n pr n If th l r A 19 A f p d v l p n n t n d d pt r p p r th f l ll v n n h r A n t th th E r p n p M t h r b n t n l r ( l n tt n d t d b tl h n th S v r l p f l ph d r p rt nt n b ntr l r xp d b fl t t n t r l v l ( n 19 pr r th h t th rld p h v b n On E r p n p Ent d n r W l r n n t ntr d d nt l nd f r th p rp d b b n / l rv l p r t d f l t d b tl ( v r p n (W l r n t th h n fl h t ph 19 S p f tr t h n t pr d t r d tr t r (S n h t (K r 1 9 ; nd A hr h r f d lph d ( pt r r d d ( pt r d l tr ll (C rt n t th l f n r h ll l rv ( th h ld 19 rn ll 19 3 S p f n r t r n ll ( ll r (G v n 1959 S n 1973 l ph d b l t r r r r t p r t d f h l tt r p pl n p rt nt p rt n th ntr l f l p d pt r l rv ( tl E l ph d nd E d r n t h t t bl x pl f th f l ph d n th h l th r r nd p r t d f th l rv f p d - ntr l f p t t d l nd r Chr h r pt r ( tl tr t h n nd Ent d nt n In l r n ll ( tz b r E r p n p p rt ll r - p f A hr h r d th l d v l p l - p n bl f r th ntr l f C l ph r l r ll ( übn r t r nd p r t d h l th f l r r nd - ( p d pt r C l ph r d p t f l r h n rth p r t d ( n 19 A 197 r n A r ( 19 3 ; nd hlb n f p nn ( tt r 19 3 A f p h v b n r rd d f lt t v t dt , E r p n p p rt ll r p n bl f r th h p rp r t d C rr p l pp S p f ntr l f d pr n d fl p t f p n n rth A r l ph d r ph t ph f th f r ll n ( bb 19 5 E l pt l b l b ll n l nd ( l nt n 197 b n n th d p l (Q dr t h d ll p ; n r h f l E l ph d n f th l r t n l nt n l ll , nd th th r n th t r th Ch l d d nt n ll v r 3 p pl d l v (Oph l p ; n l nt n h n p lt ll . n 33 n r It n r ll d v d d nt f r bf l h n r ll l n t - v l r dn - h p d v z E l ph d Ent d nt n E d r n nd tr t h- (C r n 1939 Cl n 19 A 197 r n ll r pr nt d n l nd n ll th l n nt r r f l nt ( n 1971 Ab t 1 p n r n r h v b n f nd n h h pr b bl rv t n h r t t th nt nt f th l nd A r v f th n r n l d d n n h t (S lv tr 1911 h r r fr thr t f v l rv l nt f th A tr l n E l ph d b (19 n t r h f r t- n t r l rv pl th rt n- nt d nd n ll th fl h t b r l r r f p n n t b d h t r l rv n r ll n t h r (A 19 In p ( f l ph , Chr h r ami y EU E MI AE th l rv n tr t r l f f l p ll r b t th - r 1 5 -57 lv ( n 19 p p t n th n th r l ; th p ll r pr v nt th n fr ll p n th pl nt t n Sp v r n fr r b t t xtr l dr t h p p f E pl tr b l r (S d r r l n t ; l n th ( x l d n v p t r b t 1 3-7 5 n l d n fl n (S z 19 d f l d n r ll h hl t ll b t t ll r r t d b th M lp h n t b l r n Ant nn n rt d v r l fr n r th r- h t n b h v r f l ph d v r - n t n r ddl f f n f l 9-13- nt d pl x nd h b n d r b d n d t l f r M l tt b pp ( n l d n 1 n ll n l 1 -1 - nt d th 7
- — f n l nt ; l f n l n ll th br n h d Sp f th bf l E p l n r f nt r t b - nt r n t t v r tr n l r nd l n- f th n d pt t n f th l r t nd l t ; t n p l pr d ntr ll r f th th r x f th f l f r j p n h h - nv x th nd t n t n t l ; n t p f l n f r t n t d b W l h l (1 9 h n th pl r n n t n nl f nv xl xp nd d p bl h d d r pt n f h t l t r t r d th `b - nd v d d r pl r n; pl r n f l n r ll r ll n nd r b Cl n (19 7 p n h v d b d v d d nt p r n nd p t rn W n th ntr t n f l r l h h p ll n l r bl f lly d v l p d r h rt n d; f ll d v l p d n th f r l n h h t r th r lt n n r Wh n th r n l v n f rl l n t l nd p t r n l v n tr r d th n r r l d p ll n th th r x n h d r t l l n M ddl l th n l n t t b l p r th t t b h rt r; th n t r h h h t t n f l ; t r 5- nt d G t r b - p rd t th t - t ll r t r h h n t rn p ll l th t d t n t l n t p t l ; v p t r v r n th ddl x n rd (v t nd n-l l fr h dd n t ll x rt d r lt n n dd n f th ddl l nd h n n O E M l f th E p l n r ft n t n f r xpl v j p (G b n 19 b f th d f - l n n pt r l d b t th l nd p n t n t th th r x p l n ft n d n h r t r- b r n d b th r l t v l l n t ( l n t nt rt d t t th th h d nd t r r fl x d th t ll r l n r th d r t l pr d p rd t n rl t n v r th th r x pl t n t l r l n nd b th pr n t b n d - ll h ll l n v fr nt r r t p t r r r n n r h f l E p l d nt n b t 75 l t r l v p pl d n n r h f l ll d v d d nt t bf l b th r pr nt d n l nd th l E p l d r tl pr r r f lt t v E p l n nd C l t n S x p n f r n r r nd r p r t d f th t r t f v r n n fr l nd n t n t bl pt r Orth pt r C l pt r p d - pt r nd pt r S p ( f E p l , M r n r d v l p th r pr r t p r - KEY O GE E A O EU E MI AE t d r as t p r t d f r t r n f th r pr r K OW OM EW EA A t p r t d (M rr 193 A 19 1 A ll r h pt r f r n br ptl b nt t r ht n l n b r f p r pr d t r n th r l rv f t b t dl n th ( 5 l nl v r n t r n th f p d r A f r l t r ... (p 3 M r n r pr r nd p r t d f th f p d pt r Orth - —W n f ll d v l p d n t br ptl b nt p rd t pt r nd pt r S p r r r p r - ddl M l nd f l t d lth h th v t j r t r l t r M t r t p r t d b t f b nd p r t d f - (1 M t r l t v l br d th nt r l t r l n l d r r r p r t d f d pt r p p Sp pr tr d n h ld r b h nd th d t n tl n rr r f C l t n r tl p r t n th l rv nd p p pr n t h h h p r t n rr ll r n r p t- f x l ph b tl r r r n ( 55 ; nt nn r l t v l l n l n r h p l d ll p d l nd ll b r t l th n th r x v r l nd r r d ll t p r n t rd p x; t n nd h t l b v r l n nd d t tt h f l th v p t r n t r h rdl x rt d p t p x f th t b tr t r t th t l f th h t (M rr l t tr l t r t h h l n nd t l p nt d t 193 Cl n 19 A 19 1 E t p r t d p p x (p 3 E nd l pl pl th r n th v n t f th h t r th r —M t nl l htl d r th n pr n t th th n n t t; p v r th th f br nt r l t r l n l r d ll r nd d nd t p r d; pr - n t r ( h ll p 19 1 l r 1937 h f r t- n t th t ll r d ll ; nt nn r l t v l h rt n t r l rv l n t th rt n- nt d nd ll n t l n r th n th r x nd f r n r l d n n h b f r t t l nd v ntr l r f p n (Cl n r d ll d n n t rd p x l v t ; f l 19 7 In p th p n b n fr th th x rt d p rt f v p t r t l t h lf l n bd n l nt r th r b p r f l n r p n ddl t b ; l t tr l t r t h rt p ll bl nt 3 n h nt (M rr 193 A 19 1 h nt - nt b n l d n n t t (Cl n 19 h 3( Ant r r rt r f pl r n l th d n n- f n l- n t r l rv r b t nd may b v r h r (M rr p d n h t h r ( 57 ; h nd t b br n t 193 t r r n l n t l xp nd d nd l r d ntr t-
- 9- n h t nd r n M l n n n n l nd r x n h (19 1
... (p 31 n b W rld t t ppr x t l 3 p ; p l t n —M pl r n th t n p h t h r ( l nd t p ( b v 5 ; h nd t b n l r d r br n t t t r th nl th p x d ff r nt l r n t xp nd d M l nd f l (p 3 Eupelmus Ge us E nd l a e u g 1 55 E nd l tz b r 1 5 199 p p E n Ge us E p l a ma d l bbr v t tz b r 1 5 ; G r n r 5 n l n th b t 3-9 Ant nn E p l l n 1 377 p p E p l h r t r t ll v r l n nd l nd r; f n l 7- - n n l n 1 ; S d n nt d; l v nt r v r h rt M t br d r th n l nd n G rl 19 37 p p l n r n rl th nt r l t r l rn r pr tr d n l nd n n G rl 19 ; l nd h ld r b h nd pr n t p t r rl pr d; n t- l r l n t n nt r rl nd t n t p t r rl ; t - n l n th ( x l d n v p t r b t n t h rt d ll r r l h dd n b t ll -5 d nd th r x l th d n br n t nd pr p d r n nf t r h l n th M x ll r p lp th p l nt n t bn r ll n- p l b t n l n lv G t r l n t l n r th n l r d; nt nn l r b d t n t; n t n p l h d nd th r x t th r; l t t r t r l t v l l n - nv r nt d r ll ; nt nn th f n l 7- nt d ll th d n r n ; v p t r h rdl x rt d l v 3- nt d M t pr d l n r th M l n th -5 G n r ll l r t f l br d; n t l r l n n t t n p t r rl ; t n t b t b l f n l nt ft n l htl ll n [ n h rt r th n pr p d d ll ; pl r n nt r rl A tr l n p th l h v br n h d nt nn ] th t p t h f lv r t r th nl p r t W n f ll d v l p d; f r n h l n r nf t th l h n l l nd p E. b rt l r th t l n lv ; r n l v n t l t b t t - (G rl h b n r r d p r t d f th l rv f th rd l n b r n l M ddl t b th p r n t r l pp d l Sh rp (C l pt r C r b d h rdl l n r th n b l nt f t r ; h nd t b n t El h r l r r d p r t d f x l ph b tl fl tt n d Ov p t r x rt d th x rt d p rt ll l rv h rt r th n th t r; t l t b l t r t f t r x d d ll r x n (19 7 d v t (197 ; M l n th b t -3 5 S l r t l f l r . An t t d , b t f r n th p l nd pl - W rld t t f ft -thr p ; p l t n r n th t n nt r r p t h f lv r t l nd n p ( b v
l h h t t n f th l nd p - r f ll Ge us M r n r Wa ke • E. nt p d A h d – n nt rn l p r t d f th r 5 f Orth d r n tr l br (M nt d M r n r W l r 1 37 353 p p M r n r • E. n (G rl – h p rp r t d f M r v l p W l r 1 37; E r p bf t W l r ( p d pt r h r d d v p p f t hn n d p r t d d ll r Wh t n l n th ( x l d n v p t r b t tl r; pr r p r t d f th l rv f Or l - 5 Ant nn th f n l 7- nt d l v 3- h b M r h ll (C l pt r C r l n d n ll n nt d M t l n r th n br d pr d b d v r t l h p rp r t d f th v l v th l t r l r n f ddl l b ll r n t ; n pr p p nd p p f t ( n d nt f d br n d p r - f pr n t th n r l n d r br tl (l t n t d p n ; t n t d ll l n r th n pr - O t d l nd th h t nd d f p r t p d ; pl r n th t an nt r r p t h f lv r f p n th n r xtr l d v r Sp t W n h rt n d; f r n b nt p rd t b t b pr r p r t d r h p rp r t d f n - ddl r v r r d d ft n nf t Ov p t r t l t pt r pt r C d p d pt r nd C l pt r l htl x rt d
–3 – M I n th b t 1 5- 5 Clava 1- r 3- - ami y EU Y OMI AE nt d r p d d ll l n r th n t n t ; r 5 - 5 pl r n nt r rl th p t h f p r tr n l nt t W n f ll d v l p d h l n ; f r n th r n d r b t t l n t ft n tr n l lp- th t p l Oth r l r t Anastatoidea. t r d; l n th b t 1 - C l r ll bl t t nl v r l htl t ll Ant nn n rt d b t l M. vesicularis h b n r r d h p r- d b t n th r n nd nt r r ll th p r t d f Coleophora ?alcyonipennella K ll r ( p - 13 r f r nt n l th h rl f l n t d pt r C l ph r d v Bracon variegator ( r n t v d fr b v th d r r l ( n pt r r n d nd as pr r p r t d f p r ll l nd f r n br t n l r ll r; t Phanacis hyperochoeridis (K ff r ( n pt r C n p- th n t l d p pl t W n l t l f ll d d v l p d; f r n r n l v n n r ll l n r th n t l h h b t h rt; p t r n l v n ft n r x n rr èr (195 ; K l n (19 1 t h rt r 5- nt d G t r ll th W rld t t t nt - v n p ; p l t n h n n n v r br dl j n d t pr p d n f l l nd n p Macroneura vesicularis ll b l n l ll th l n p t l ; ( tz (=messene W l r v p t r ll h dd n n t pr n nt
l h E r t d xh b t d r n f b - — ε — l b t th j r t t b nd ph t th r ph t ph r p r t d f ph t ph n t h ph t ph r t d d v l p n th nd - Ge us n b As mea p r f d r n pl nt t p ll th t f r 57 r h d-f d n r p r pr nt d b t t x Tineobius A h d 1 9 7 1 -15 p p Tineo- n l nd Systole, p f h h f d n th d bius citri A h d 1 9 ; A tr l f Ap ; nd Bruchophagus, p f h h d v l p n l n d nd v n p t t t ( n l n th ( x l d n v p t r b t l nt n 197 b; l Cl r d 1959b h t - n n 3 -5 r nt v rt x r l t v l n rr v r l t r p r pr nt d n l nd b Tetramesa. Cl r d n rr r th n n ; d r ll nv r nt; nt nn l (19 1 r v d th b l f n b r f r t h p r b d t n t r n t b v ; nt nn th 7- n- S v r l d v l p n th ntr l v t f r t f d- t d f n l nd 3- nt d l v M t pr d n b v th n d h b l t r r r r l n r th n br d; n t l r l n - h p d j n n n b t th r n xt rn l n f th r pr n nd th r p t r r h lf f t ; t n t h rt r th n ff t n th fl r n h d ll l ht Oth r p pr p d d ll ; pl r n nt r rl th p t h pr d bv t ll nd th ft n r lt n f h t t W n f ll d v l p d; f r n nf t t nt n f th fl r h d In rth A r v r l th t l n lv r p l ; b l ll r r l p f Tetramesa r p t f r l r p n d nd t b th th n l ll r th h t h M t f th nt ph p r l t r t - d r l r n Ov p t r l rl x rt d th x rt d p r t d f n t l rv f d n th n pl nt t p rt t l t b t h lf l n th f t r lth h f r n n t pl t th r d v l p nt M l n th b t 3 - 5 Cl v - nt d f d n n pl nt t ( rl 1937 t tt d t l r l n r h n h nd r n f t b t n t n l d C l pt r ll-f r n n pt r ( tl t n p t r rl ; pl r n th an nt r r p t h f C n p n pt r ( p ll phr t d nd p d - h t h h r r n h l n ; b l ll h r nd t b pt r (Cl r d 1959 Cl r d & A 19 S th t h t h d r l r n p d v l p th r pr r p r t d r f lt t v h p rp r t d Eurytoma curculionum l Un n n; l h r r r d p r t d r M r pr r p r t d f Apion p (C l pt r h p rp r t d f p d pt r C r l n d r h p rp r t d f Apion v Chloro- cytus p ( n pt r t r l d ( h r 197 r x n rr èr (193 ; Anastatoidea). Eurytoma rosae E r p n p pr d n W rld t t t nt - n p ; Old W rld tr p th lt h b r d ll of Diplolepis p ( n pt r l nd n nd t r n d p C n p d n r h r t d h t fr ll
-31- t ll n n v r l n p d l rv n n l ( l r 19 C n d r bl p l ph h n b n th r (1 G t r v r l n t v r t l n th r x; E r p n r t d h h nh b t n p d ll E r p p r th r l n r th n t l n pr d- t br nn v ntr tz b r p r t n p d n t r t p ll v r t n t p f th v p t r ll- r r t S n r ( n pt r C n p d h h x rt d; f n l - nt d ( 5
n l n r th r h l d p r t d r v n f d n th ... (p 33 Ax nth ll t (A 19 1 A f r t d th t tt — G t r l l n t t t l htl l th n t ll-f r n n t r nd p r t S ph l b t l n th r x ( 1 ; p p v r h rt ft n t t (S d r h h d v l p n nd p r t d f h h rt r th n pr d n t r t n d r l v h rdl n p d l rv f r n ll n r t n (A 19 5 l n v bl p rt f v p t r; f n l 5- r - A f p f E r t h v b n r rd d nt d 3 r r t p r t d f p d pt r On Or nt l p f p rt l r nt r t t n bl t lt p r - 3( r t f n l nt n rl b r nd th th t d It n nl v p t n t h t t r l p d pt r- n l n t d n l n ll nd th t l t pr x l th rd t l rv n th n f hr d d f r t b t n h lf th t t nd d t n tl n rr r th n r nd r v p t n h l n th n h r t d v p t ( 3 ; th r x th r r l r l r h ll r t - thr h th pl d hr d d h l ( l 1933 l t - l t lpt r l n n r p n t r
On l nd n Ax nth , h b n r r- ... (p 33 S t l d d as n nt rn l p r t d f d ( rf rd 195 — r t f n l nt th l n t d n l n ll ( h h A f r t d h v l b n r rd d pr d t r f b nd t n t nd th t n b l n -th rd t h lf; f th r n t (Cl n 19 ; n f th r n th r x rr l rl lpt r d th t l t f r th l n bf l n t rr n n l nd p n t r h r t d v r h r t r t th h rt pr t th r p l r nd nd l n fl tt n d f l - (3 r p d r l t v l t p f r n n n l f nt pr t th pp t nd M n th t r d p - n rl 9 ° th pl n f t ll ( 1 t d xt rn ll r l th d th h rt p n th f r f ... (p 33 r h ph h h h b n f l n p r t n bl n p (Cl r d — r p d l t p f r n an n l f b t 5° A 19 h r 19 5 h f r t- n t r l rv th pl n f t ll (p 3 tr pl v l t l n t nd t nt h h v n r t h r r ll t l t f v p r f p r- l h t r l rv f nd p r t p v r M l fr t l nd r t f rl r b t (A 1971 5(1 r n pr x d f r n l v n n d d r ll 19 ( ; f n l 5- nt d ( 59 ... (p 33 Ax nth r h E r t d pr n rl 1 p - — r n pr x d f r n l v n t nd - n b t n r rld d h f l rr ntl ll pl t l t b ll ; f n l - nt d r - d v d d nt thr bf l f h h nl th E r t - nt d (p bl 5- nt d n n n n l f n r r pr nt d n l nd S v n p n f r tr ... n r r n n fr l nd (5 r p d l t p f r n n n l f t t b t 5° th pl n f t ll ; f n l ( 5 n v r - nt d (p 3 tr
— r p d r l t v l t p f r n n n l f n rl 9 ° th pl n f t ll ( n 1 ; f n l - r - nt d KEY O GE E A O EU Y OMI AE (6 r f th r x th rr l r lpt r nd th K OW OM EW EA A t l t f r p n t r ; f n l - r - nt d
1 Ant nn th h rt ppr d h r ( 3 l ... (p 33 r h ph — r f th r x th r r l r l r h ll —Ant nn th h rl f l n t ( 59 5 r t l t - l t lpt r l n n r p n - M l 5 t r ; f n l - nt d ( (p 33 S t l
–3 – Ge us Ax nth Gi au l n th r l t v l l nd r G t r b t l n h d nd th r x b n d; p t l v r h rt d r th n l n ; l t r 5 - t r t n t l n t Ax nth G r lt 1913 1 p p Ax nth M I n th b t 1 -5 S l r n h b t t n r G r lt 1913; A tr l f l b t f n l - nt d h nt th h rl f l n t ; p t l d t n t l n r th n d n l d n r ll l nd r; l n th b t 3 5-5 C l r bl n n- t ll Ch n t r- l h thr l nd p r ph t - n d l t r ll th r n ; v ntr l p rt f h d n t ph th l rv f d n n th nd p r f d v rl pp n b f nt r r x ; nt r r ll t - f ll t d b v r b ; nt nn th 1 r 11 b l - • . bb ( h n - n d f r d l v r ( r f l nt th f n l 5- nt d th l v - r 3- - r p n nn ; nt d r f th r x th f rl th lpt r • . r dd G v - n d f l rn (M d n t th r b l t p n t r ; p t r r r n f t v nn t ll r nd d r n h l n ; r n l v n l n- • . (C r n - n d f A rn d r G t r v r l n t l t r ll pr d; p t l W ld nd t n t h d r th n l n ; l t t r t pr d d nt S v r l xtr l t l p f r h ph r p r t n l n t pr t l t n rl h lf l n r n n n h b t lth h th j r t r ph t ph n th tr l t r t t th r; v p t r l n xt nd n ll d f v r pl nt . bb nd . r dd b p t p x f h p p n r p t f l v r nd l rn lth h n t r M l n th b t 5- 5 S l r n n r l p- n l nd n p rt f ntr l E r p p r n t f l b t t r l ttl h rt r th n th r x th p t l b t 3- × l n br d; l v - - r r h ph h nl b n tr t d nt d; f n l nt h th h rl f l n t n n f E r t , b t f ll (19 n x pt th 1 t h h h v r l h rl nt n n t d t n t n x n rr èr (195 ; Sz l n (197 l h l nd p h b n r r d fr W rld t t b t 15 - p ; p l t n f A ph p lt n l t ( br ( pt r l nd thr p ( b v C d d ( rf rd 195 " nr rd d h n pt r p r t " Ge us S t l Wa ke r x n S bb (197 r 3 W rld t t f r p ; A tr l S t l W l r 1 3 13 nd p p S t l l nd n p p bl A G r lt lb p nn W l r 1 3 ; En l nd
Ge us r h ph As mea n l n th b t 1 5- 5 d d r br n r bl n n- t ll Ch n t r n t ; r 1 nt r r ll b v nt nn l r b ; nt nn n rt d r h ph A h d 1 p p ll b v v ntr l l v l f th f n l 5- nt d r h ph b r l A h d 1 9 ; C n d nd l v 3- nt d; 1 t f n l nt l n t l t b r nd th th t n l n t d n l n ll n l d r b t; l n th b t 1 5- r f th r x th f rl th lpt r n v r C l r n r ll bl n n- t ll d th n r l b l t ; p t r r r n f t ll r r nd l r p rt f t pl ll d l t d p t r rl ; nt - l r nd d; pr p d f rl t pl n l d t b t r r ll t t d b v r b ; nt nn n rt d -9 ° th pl n f t ll r n th r n l l htl b v v ntr l r n th f n l 5- nt d p t r n l nd t l v n b l n l n th G t r th l v 3- nt d; f n l nt ll th d t n t b t l n h d nd th r x t th r; p t l v r l n t d n l n ll h r x th h ll t f rl d p h rt nd t n t; l t t r t n t l n t b l t -p n t t lpt r ; p t r r r n f t l- M l n th b t 1 - G n r ll l r t l r r l r nd d; pr p d t p f r n n f l ; nt nn l f n l - nt d h nt th n l f b t 9 ° th pl n f t ll r n th h rl f l n t ; t r th d t n t p t l t l t r n l t l nd p t r n l v n b l n b t l n d
-33- l h l nd p S. f n l Ott n ami y MYMA I AE (= n l t n th n f G rl 193 b l nt n r - 9 19 7 197 b h b n r r d fr d f f nn l ( n l ff n l nd h l (C n l t . All n M n t t d r t - z d n t n r ll n n xtr l t l p r ph t ph n d f fr l n pp r n ; l n th 35-5 C l r ll v r Ap ll t d r br n th p l r r d r r r n nl v r r r l t ll d th tr n v r br n r x n Cl r d (1959b ; Sz l n (1971 t r ( t ll d tr b l r r n b l W rld t t n n t n p nt r r ll nd l n nn r r n nd n- l nd n p ( b v ll f rth r t r v bl b h nd ll ; nt nn l t r l t t d f r p rt h l r t r n th n t h th r n r ll t t d t h h n h d b t d Ge us tr Wa ke b t n th r n nd v rt x; nt nn -13- - nt d th t f l ll l n nd f l nt th t f r 5 f l th d t n t p l l v h h b l d r - tr W l r 1 5 nd 15 p p tr r 3- nt d S t ll n r ll d v d d tr n v r l rb W l r 1 (En l nd nt nt r r nd p t r r p rt ; pr p d ll d- r t l l n th f x pt n h v n nl n l t n l d r l t v l l n t nd l n- p t r r t h p r l W n ft n r d d n- d r; l n th b t 1 5- 5 C l r bl r d r br n ll r r l b nt; f ll d v l p d f r n n r- r n t l t l th nt r l t r l n l p l r ll th h rt r n l v n v r h rt t l v n th n r nd r f th r x Ant nn n rt d ll b v nd n p t r n l v n; n l nd p th v ntr l r n f ; nt r r ll t t d t b t r n l nd p t r n l v n r ft n v r l n [ nd d r l r n f nt nn l r b ; h th t p t- n n A tr l n p th p t r n l v n x- r r r n ; nt nn ( n l d n n ll 1 - r 11- tr l l n n rl r h n th n p x] ; h nd n nt d th f n l - nt d th - nt d l l t l p t l t th br n f d n t x- r 5- nt d th - nt d l v r - nt d t nd n t b r - r 5- nt d G t r v r n th 3- nt d l v r f th r x ll th fr d t n tl p t l t t br dl l ; v p t r f rl th lpt r b t t th - b l - v r n fr h dd n t tr n l x rt d t p n t r t n; pr p d f r n r l t v l h ll n l f b t 3 - ° th pl n f t ll r n l M r d r nt rn l l t r (r r l r - th t l nd p t r n l v n ll b th h rt r r p r t d f f th r n t n t bl C l - th n r n l v n G t r l n r th n h d nd th r x pt r p d pt r pt r nd pt r M r d b n d; p t l h rt ll nd t n t; l t t r t n t t nl p r t l d n n l d t - l n t t n h th b dd d n pl nt t pl d M l n th b t 1 5- S l r n n r l nd r br t r h dd n n th r nd nd t pr f r pp r n t f l ; tr l p t l d t n t t l t l ttl th t h v n t nd r n h d v l p nt Aft r l n r th n br d; f n l - r 5- nt d th nt v p t n f rth r d v l p nt f th h t n r ll th h rl f l n t x pt th 1 t h h h b t t n t n n h th r r d nj t n v r l h h rl ; l v l d rr t nt v n d r n v p t n d n th r p r t d (Str nd 19 l On l nd p pr b bl . l n r h l n t - v l th h rt p d l t n nd (W l r h b n r r d fr h r (A r p r n ( n 19 1 h n b r f l rv l n t r d ff lt t r p n . El h r ph t ph n th ntr l v t f rt n b t fr t t f r h v b n r rd d ( ld f th fl r n t f r r ll-f r r n th fl r- 19 nd rf 193 S h d 19 h f r t- n t r n t t rr nd n l f h th r th fl r t lf l rv n r ll th r f r ( pl th f (Cl r d 19 1 pr nd n h r r r f r (b d rv d th ph l pr l n d l pp nd nd l n - r x n Cl r d (19 1 t l r h r h nd l rv l n t r f p th W rld t t v r 3 p ; p l t n f r f r t- n t r l rv v r d t n t v nd l nd t l t thr p n l d n . l n r n n h tr bd ll d l rv It l ndr l nd d v d d ( 19 nt x nt th f r t nd l t l r t nd ft n
—3 — b r n p r d fl h pr ( bl t n 193 r l p d r t fr ntl n nt r d f d n n n 19 1 h nd l rv l n t r f th r p fl r b t f d n ph d h n d l r - ft n th t nt t n nd l p n r t l p n bf l n t f nd n l nd l p t h r pp r t b n f n t n l tr h l t r p r- 5 n th v n t f th pr r h t h l n n l rv l n t r p t n n r ll t pl h h r b v l n pr f l nd h v h rt p d n l t th n th h t - h ll n nd b l htl tt h d t f l r p rt ll S v r l l r t p r n n t p r t th b dd d n n n n d b th f l n l f r b r d f t n t nd h v b n b rv d th r th pl n d l f r t n t r h l rv h t nd r t r n th r n p ddl l r t d b nd n th f r t t lv nt p r f Caraphractus pp (M th n C b 191 n tr n d l r n th t lfth nt nd th th r- 19 l n d n t x t fr th t r d t l t nth nt xp nd d t f r d l r h ft r r n nd t n l t pl nd r l r t d nt l b nd h v h rp t th l n t r Ind v d l r p bl f r n n nd r t r f r th r p t r r r n h h d l t n h l rv 15 n t v d ( -K r v 1933 l h f n t n l p r l ( r t rl n 19 h f r t- n t r l rv t f r th rr v l f pr r h t t r h f l M r d d r t l l r h h t tt h t lf nd th n nt r f rth r d v l p- pr n n rl 13 p n b t 95 n r A l ttl nt r nt l t h t p p t nd th n th pl n d l v r 1 p n b t n r r n n fr l rv x t t h t t f d xt rn ll h r r thr r f r l nd A r v f th n r f M r d rr n l rv l n t r h nd n t r pl t l l th n l nd h b n p bl h d ` n f p l d h r t r f th f r t nd th f n l n t r v r l nd n 17 ( l nt n 19 9 r b t ft n h v n p r f l t r l t b r l n h th r nt p t n t pl n th h t n r p p r h l nd p f r l p d b l n t th bf l Chr l p n r l ttl n n b t ami y E I AM I AE th r b l x pt f r th r t h p Chrysolampus thenae (W l r h h h b n t d d b A (19 r 7 h d v l p n t p r t d f n t d l d l rv (C l - n M d r t l l r r b t p th th r x pt r S v r l p r t d l rv r ll p t n d n ft n tr n l lpt r d; l n th b t l 3-5 5 C l r th v ntr l d f th h t h r n n t nt l ft r bl r n r bl ft n tr n l t ll Ant nn th f ll f d h t l rv n tr t p p t n h b r n th ( n l d n n ll 13- nt d h r x d p nd n l h h t ll d b f r t p p t nd nl n pr f l d r ll nv x; pr n t n d r l v th hr l p n l rv d v l p t t r t n h h t d r r l p r ll l d ll l rl v bl b h nd h d; pr p t ft n f d th pr n t nd n r h ll p l t n f l r l p- pl n ; n t l d p tr ht W n f ll d v l p d; f r - d pr b t p n n r h r r n r n l v n d r t l l n ; p t r n l v n t bf l b t nl th Chr l p n r r pr - v r n fr h rt t l n ; t l v n h rt r 5- nt d n l nd b n l n nt d G t r ft n d t n tl p t l t t th 1 t t r t p rt ll f d t nd th ft n - pl t l v r n th t r d r ll ; v p t r n t r Ge us A tr t x Gi au h rdl x rt d r 7
l r l p d r tl h p rp r t d f th Austrotoxeuma G r lt 19 9 p p Austro- p p f n pt r pt r nd p d pt r b n toxeuma coerulea G r lt 19 9; A tr l t p r t n th r t h n d nd hn n d p r - t d S p r pr r xt rn l p r t d f n l n th b t 3- d th l rv f n pt r ( pr n d nthr d n d r b f rl h ll - h p d; nt nn th p r pt r (Chr p d nd C l pt r ( t d l d b l ndr l n rt d b t l v l th r l htl h h r At l t n p h b n r rd d h p rp r t d th n l t r n; fl ll r l t v l h rt h rt r f Orth pt r n ph v S r ph d ( pt r ( r pp th n dth f fr nt v rt x pl ; l ttl h rt r th n 19 dth f fr nt v rt x r n t l ttl h rt r th n -
-35— t b t th n l n t b t h lf l n n p r t d f th p p f v r b tt rfl p - pr n t ; pr n t l ll r n t r n d nt r rl b ll p l n d r d nd ph l d A n b r r n ; pr p t n t f d th pr n t nd n t l n n f p d v l p pr d t r r th r th n p r t d pl n l t r ll r n r n l v n b t -5× Sp f E n t n b pr d t r f th f l n t l nd b t l n p t r n l n t n t bl C d h l p f S t (M - G t r th t l t 3 t r t v bl d r ll b t th 1 t t r n h v b n b rv d t f d n n t r t v r n b t h lf; p t l b t 1 5-3 × l n f ll d d l rv (Ah d M n 1939 rn ll br d 19 3 S p r h p rp r t d tt n ph l- M l n th 3- S l r t f l b t p n d nd br n d p r t n ph d M n pt r l d t d t n tl ll n nd h l th n t r t d th ll f d n n ll t r n th l n br d l rv p p r v n d lt f th ll- r Sp f r l (A ph n r f p rt l r nt r t b n l Un n n t l t n n th h v b n r r d fr th n f fl (W t r t n 19 9 l f th n r h r d b t th r rd t th r- f p r t d pp r t b t ff th r n n n rd r t r t f l pl nt f th Chr l p n - f l t t th r v nt th n th n t f th h t f th th r ( Gr h 19 9 h v n n l d d th bf l fl (Gr h 19 9 Al f nt r t r p f n th t r l d ll n th p n n f r b ( t r l d h h d v l p nd p r t d f nd r C rl n (p r th hr l p n r d lt C l pt r ( 1977 h r pl d n th r l p d h r th r h r t r- h f nd t f pt r l d v r b t f l d b th fr pr p t - n t f d th th pr n t l p t 7 pl d n r n d th h t h - nd p t l t t r b l n t th r nd d nd ( rl 1937 ; r h d W rld t t n d r b d p ; A tr l n nd br d n d nt r rl th n rr n ppl nd t - l nd A. h l pl t nd r b d p r d p t r rl (C r n 1939 A 19 1b ; l th d p n n t p l ( bl 193 ; r h r t nd h v n p tt d pp r n ( 1955 h f r t- n t r l rv pl th rt n- nt d nd n t ph r ami y E OMA I AE pr d t r p r l t v l l nd r n pp r n h l t nt b b l b d nd th h d ft n v r r 1-3 5 7 nl r d; n ll th nd bl r l r S p n Sl nd r t t r b t n t ; l n th b t h v tr n p n n h nt h f r t- n t r 1 7 d ll r n nd t ll ft n tr n l l rv f t ph p h n p n tr h l t lth h n r n r dd h r bl p r h l t th t f nd ph p l d r pl t l n n d v r n n h p fr br t n l r t v l; l n ( rl 1937 C r n 1939 1955 A nt nn v r bl p t n d fr th r n t j t 19 1b p t n t pl th n r n th v n t b l nt r r ll 7-13- nt d ( n l d n p t f th d d h t n ll r n t fr v r h rt t t l n nd br - t r l p p r ( nn f p rt l r nt r t t n l r ft n th n p ll r; t n l nd Intr d d fr E r p n th rl 193 th r th t pl t n t l ; pr p d ll th n t th h t b tt rfl r r p nn t h ll d v l p d lpt r d ll W n l t l pr v d n p rt nt nt n th ntr l f th r lt r l f ll d v l p d; f r n r n l v n t l t v r l p t (M r d 19 3; dd 1957 195 1959 t l n r th n br d; p t r n l v n nd t l v n ll d v l p d r r l t h rt; p l d t n t r h f l t r l d n f th l r t r 5- nt d r n ll ddl t r - - n th h l d d pr n b t 31 p pl d nt d G t r bp t l t t d t n tl p t l t ; v - n r n r It t pr nt d v d d nt r th n p t r v r n fr pl t l h dd n t ll x rt d t nt bf l nl n n f h h r n n fr l nd Sp l n n E n t n C l n n l h j r t f p r l t r r r r - C r ph l n M r n p r n A ph n t p r t d f l rv r p p f p d pt r M t r n nd t r l n S 13 p n C l pt r pt r nd n pt r S pt r l d b t n r r n n fr l nd An nt d v l p nd p r t d h b t n n f th f th n r n l d d n r v f th A tr l n t r l p p r ( nn ( t r l n - t r l d b (19
-3 - ami y O OI I AE t -th rd f h d dth; r l t v l ll; nt nn l t r l t t d b t d b t n l t r n r 71 nd th r n; p b l ndr l d t n tl h rt r n Kn n fr th f l nl Ant nn 1 - th n dth f fr nt v rt x; l n t d n l n ll pr nt n nt d th - nt d l v ; r d l h rt d- f n l nt nd 5 nd n l v r n t - r t ; l n t d n l n ll th p l h lf fr pr nt n br n d ll v r h rt l th n n -t nth l n f n l nt nd l v ; h p t l br d ll d v l- t ; t ll l htl r th n t br d p d b t t l n d t r f p t l f r n l n b t t l n t n t nd l ttl M th r p r l t t d t xp d l t r l d f h rt r th n pr p d ; pr p d l p r l t h n nt - t b t l v l th t l ; n t l r l n b nt; r r r n f pr p d ; phr r h n p t r r x ll tr n l dv n d; t ll tr n v r ; pr p t r n f pr p d M ddl nd h nd x n rt d n pp r ntl b nt; pl r n nd v d d b t th n r r l tr ht l n ; f r t b l p r p ll b f r- bl d pr n h n th ddl f r r n t ; ddl t b l p r v r h rt nd tr ht; h nd t b l l n p l ; t l ll h rt b t n - rt r p r b t t th z f ddl t b l p r r n l n f r n ; p t r n l v n xtr l l n h th d l t r r l v nl d tr b t d fr b l n r th n r n l v n n rl r h n n p x; t p x; r n l fr n p t b t n -th rd l n p t n f b l v n nd t d b d r l n r n n dth; t l ll l ttl r th n n - rt r nd n th br n f d xt nd n t b r l n n ; r n l v n l htl h rt r th n t l - nt d G t r th p t l v r tr n v r ; v p - ll; t l v n b t n - rt r l n r n l; t r th t r pl t r n n tt h d t bd n l p t r n l v n xtr l l n b t n -h lf l n r t r t th n r n l nd n b t thr - rt r l n f r n p ll p nt d; r n l fr n l ttl l n r r h tr t r f th v p t r pl nt f th n x dth f n G t r b t l n th th r p r l pr n f l n t d n l n ll th r x r l ttl l n r th p t l tr n l tr n v r n th nt nn nd r d d v n t n pl th t t d l ttl l th n n -th rd d pr p d t t th n th Ch l d d h b n t n f x- - p t r r r n; h p p r h n r v r n rl nt d l v dv n d nd d l p r t d x ll r h n p x f t r; t r t I- I b l n l n th; p l r n v n t n nd tr n l tr n v r t ll v p t r l htl r th n n -h lf l n r th n ddl d t l p r t th fr ll th r h l d d t b h dd n r v r l htl x rt d; n t l b t n - f l h r t t pl nt h t n r- th rd l n v p t r t n lth h th f r- nt d t r x- nt d M l Un n n f n l p t l t t r nd v p t r tr t r nd t th t th b l t t th tr p d E l ph d l Un n n r p rh p v n th M r d h pp r nt b n f th pr p t h t p zzl n b t t l l th t th r W rld t t l nd nl nd r l d n tr t d b n r f l nd thr p b l nd t nd - t r l d nd M r d r b d; rth nd S th l nd A n l n n n; l nd nl (A nd n h r ntl b n r p rt d fr Ch l — G G b n & b r p r ami y SIG I O I AE Ge us t t oucek & oyes r 7 -77 r 71 n G n r ll v r ll t r b t p t t 19 7 7 p p t t b t 7-1 l n d l r n r ll pl t l b l 19 7 ; l nd bl b t n ll th r n r ll r Ant- nn n rt d t r b v th r n 5-7- nt d; n l n th b t -1 1 G n- f n l nt r n -l ; l b l n n nt d S t l- r l h b t t t v r l r t p f l tr n l tr n v r th nt r r nd p t r r r- An ph (M r d d l r d r h n n br n n bp r ll l; x ll n t d t n tl r d ff fr d th b th nd bl b d nt t ; x ll r p lp 3- t ll th t t th r f r n tr n v r b nd; pr - nt d; l b l p lp 1- nt d; fr nt v rt x b t p d th h r t r t l r tr n l r d n r
—37— W n f ll d v l p d ll th r l t v l l n th f n l nt nd n n ll r th 3 f n l r n l fr n ; r n l v n t l n b t l n nt nd 1 n ll ; l v n nt d r n t b r n l; p t r n l nd t l v n n t d v l- tr n v r h d r th n l n W n h l n r nf - p d r xtr l h rt; h nd n ll r r l t ; f r n t l v n r οr l nd t n t fr d v d f d l t ft n th d t n t p n n r n l v n nd n th n l d l l n t t b ; t r 5- nt d G t r l ; v p t r ll p r ll l- d d n d t l h lf; r n l fr n l ttl h rt r h dd n th n dth f n M ddl t b l p r th t l t 7-1 t th f r n b ( 7 Biology. All but f p f n ph r d r nd - Male. Length about 0.5-1.0 mm. S l r n n r l p r t d f t r t f pt r (C d pp r n t f l ; nt nn th - - nt d fl - Al r d d ll d nd th p p f pt r M t ll th n l n ll nd l v nl r dd t n ll p r n n t b h p rp r t v th r h l d th - nt d f n l ; l v n r ll r l t v l th h r r r h p rp r t d thr h l n r th n th t f f l th l n t d n l n ll n rt d rr n d t v tr t pp r n h r l t v l l r v l nd l htl rv d nd h v d t n t p d n l t th nt r r nd h f r t- Biology. h l nd p h b n r r d fr n t r l rν pl th f r p r f p r l n n th p r l n t (M ll n Ar r x l . th r nt nd n n h f th f r t thr El h r r r d fr v r pt r nd pt r bd n l nt (Q z d t l. 1973 p t n t pl n d th h t r n r ( l p r t d t d ema ks. x n z n v (19 5 t (197 th h t b t nd r th l v r n 197 W rld t t f ft n p ; pr b bl p l t n Remarks. The ll p l t n f l S n ph r- b t pp r ntl n t t r rd d fr Afr d nt n b t v nt -f v p n x n r l nd n nd t r n d p t d v r n th tr p l r n h r r pr - nt d n l nd b thr p pl d n t n r Ge us S n ph r As mea r 75-77
KEY O GE E A O SIG I O I AE S n ph r A h d 1 19-3 p p S K OW OM EW EA A n ph r fl v p ll t A h d 1 ; U S A
1 nd n n d t l h lf n t p r ll l- d d nd th Diagnosis. Female. d d r ll t fl t; l n th b t n l d l l ( 7 ; r n l fr n h rt r th n - 7 C l r v r n fr nt r l ll t n- x n dth; f n l n f l - nt d ( t r l bl d h p n th ; p t l r n r r 73 (p 3 Ch rt r l h rp; nd bl b d nt t ; nt nn l r b d t n t — nd n n d t l h lf r r l p r ll l- d d nd b t ll n t d pl pr d; nt nn l fl ll - th t d l l ( 75 ; r n l fr n l n r nt d th 3 n ll nd 1- nt d l v r th th n x n dth; f n l n f l 3- nt d n l n ll - nt d f n l nd 1- nt d ( 7 (p 3 S n ph r l v r n t h d r th n l n W n h l n r nf t r n t l v n d t n t fr r n l v n nd n th t d l l p r ll l- d d n Ge us Ch rt r Mo sc u sky d t l h lf; r n l fr n ll l n n dth οr r 7 -7 l n r M ddl t b l p r th t th ( 77 Male. n th b t - 7 S l r n n r l Ch rt r M t h l 1 59 171 p p Ch r pp r n t f l ; fl ll - nt d th th r t r f r M t h l 1 59; Sr n 3 n ll r 1 n ll pl f n l nt nd l n n nt d l v b t l n th t n f l Diagnosis. Female. d d r ll t fl t; l n th b t -1 C l r ll h n n bl n ll Biology. h l nd p r t d th th l ht r n h n d h p n th ; p t l d p d d l ( pt r p d d f ll r n r r l h rp; nd bl b d nt t ; nt nn l • S. fl v p ll t A h d – r r d fr A n d ll r r b d t n t n r ll n nv rt d - h p ; nt nn nt (M ll ;
-3 -3 - • S. r t M l n tt - r r d fr b rl r p x p r n n t b h p rp r t d f th p p f (C t p d pt r v t h n d r hn n d El h r t d th Al r d d p d d r d l dn - h p d t v r l n t v d C d nd d d n n r n r t th f d r (A 19 S rz p- z n 197 h f M n d nt r b r n r- r x n z n v (19 5 Q z d t l. n t r rv d p n h l rv r pl nd (1973 th r t l b r t h h r t n p n
W rld t t f rt -thr p ; p l t n p r t p ( rl 1937 n 1971 A l nd t p ( b v 197 b t n n p n ph t ph p ( 1955 A 19 h f l p p h th —ε— v p t r xt rn ll v bl nd b nt v r t d r (S rz p z n 197
ami y O YMI AE r h f l r d pr b t 15 p pl d n b t 11 n r hr bf l r 11 7 - 3 r n d ll f h h - r n M n d nt r - n G n r ll l n t p ll t n nd M t n – r n l nd Ab t th nd n t tr n l lpt r d; l n th b t 1 1-7 5 t lv p n x n r r r pr nt d n - ( x l d n v p t r C l r ft n bl r r n l nd h hl t ll Ant nn 13- nt d ll th 1 n ll r r l th r 3 M t th n t l - KEY O GE E A O O YMI AE pl t d pl pr d; pr p t l r l rl v bl tr n l r l r t b t n pr n t nd pl r n K OW OM EW EA A W n f ll d v l p d; f r n l t l th r n t l v n n t bl nl r d h d p r l n r n l v n nd h rt t l nd p t r n l th n dth f t t ( 79 ; b d n t t ll b t v n ; n f t l v n n rl t h n p t r n l ll th br n r n v n nd x l n t ( x pt n M t n t (p M t n Megastigmus l t b t t l n f r x ; h nd f r - — r n th t t f r n r l pr p rt n t tr n l xp nd d th v ntr l t th; t r 5- - nl l htl d p r th n dth f t l v n t lf; b d nt d G t r n v r br dl tt h d t pr p d t ll r n bl r p rpl n ll d t n tl p t l t ; v p t r th v r f x pt n l rl x rt d ft n v r tr n l (1 M p r n th p t r r r n d t n tl n- d ( (p 1 r n Torymus l r d r th r ph t ph r p r t p r n th p t r r r n r r l tr ht n h b t h ph t ph d v l p n th nd p r f n t n d M n d nt r n 3 d f v r pl nt ; p f M t S d r ( 1955 1957 M t p f r - 3( nd f r d t n tl ll n th r f t th n n M n d nt r n nd f M t - v ntr ll ( 1 d r n n n r pr r t p r t d f th t r t — nd f r n t d t n tl ll n th t t nl 1 f ll- nh b t n n t S p f r th t t th v ntr ll ( 7 M n d nt r n 5 v p t nt n p d ll d n t d v l p p r t d b t d v l p n th ll t (A 19 1 19 5 t ll (3 Ant nn th 1 t fl ll r nt t l t b t p r t t r d tt th nh b t nt f ll A f l n d ( (p Pachytomoides t r d p b t ph h p rp r t d f —Ant nn th 1 t fl ll r nt n ll f r ( 1
b tl l rv v h l d pr r p r t d ( rn ll ... (p 1 Podagrion 19 h l th r b t p r t d f th l rv f l t n pt r (Ev 197 n 1971 Sp 5(3 r n r n l v n t t b t h lf l n f th tr b d r n n r pr r p r t d n nt d t l ll ( 1 ; p t th t h r h -l th l f t l t n p f th tr b h v r n b v f r n (p Liodontomerus b n n t d l n n t th h nd n f th d lt f l — r n r n l v n t l t n rl l n t l nt d h n r th t th r h th d p t d f ll ( ; p t th h r h -l r n b v th nt d b f r th fr th h rd n ( rd 1913 A f f r n (p 1 Torymoides
-39- Ge us d nt r Ga a l h l nd p h v th f ll n r 7 h t t n •M. l t S d r — d v l p n n d f br r r d nt r G h n 191 159 p p d n ( r b n t r p rpl x G h n 191 ; U S A •M. p r tr ph W htl d v l p n n d f d l f r ( d t nz n l n th ( x l d n v p t r b t •M. p nd t - p r t d f th p p f r d h r 1 -3 5 d nd th r x h n n t ll r n t l St n ( pt r r p t d n d ll n M x n br nz - r n r bl - r n n ll v lv t n v r d v l d (E p t r d n ph r . r d th ll n p rt O p t l r n th r El h r nl ph t ph n th nd p r f v r - th t h r h - h p d r n b v f r n; nt- d p ll f n f r nd nn ll th n ll ; l v th t h l n p l pr S t ll th t r -f rr p t r rl ; r x n (197 h nd r n f p r n tr ht r n r n l W rld t t 115 p ; p l t n v n b t h lf l n t l ll ( 77 f 7 ; l nd thr p n nd t r n d nd t h nd f r n t ll n r t th d G t r th 1 t t r t d nt f d ( b v ll x d d ll ; v p t r b t l n t r. M l n th b t 1 - G n r ll v r l r t f l x pt f r tr t r f t r Ge us h t d Gi au l h l nd p . l n f ll G r- r lt h b n r r d p r t d f r h ph h t d G r lt 1913b 1 3 p p h t bb f d n n d f r d l v r ( r f l r p n . d r G r lt 1913; A tr l El h r n n p r t d f v r r h ph p ph t ph n fr t d n l n th ( x l d n v p t r b t 3-5 d n r ll d r t ll r n Ant nn th r x n Sz l n (1959 th n l n ll b t l n d ; l v l r t l t W rld t t th rt -t p ; p l t n b t l n th pr d n nt b n d 1- l nd n p ( b v nt d r 3- nt d th th pt n pl t Gr v b t n pl r n nd t pl r n v rt ll tr ht; t t rn th t nt rr pt d b- d n r n r n r n l v n h l n r th n Ge us M t a ma t l; h nd x l n r th n h nd f r nd- x l r 79 v t p r t d t n rr t p nt b th d r l M t l n 1 17 p p t r l l r t d r l th n th d t r f v t ; h nd b p n t t S d r 1795; S d n f r d t n tl ll n th v ntr l r f tr n t th; p x f h nd t b pr d d nt d t n t tr n l r p n n l n th ( x l d n v p t r b t G t r n rr t tt h nt th pr p d ; v p t r 1 5-7 d h r t r t ll h n h d n d d ll l n b d r l n r nd v d l th th h d n rl t h n th f r x M l n th b t 3- G n r ll l r t f - C l r t n n r ll ll h th br n r n n t l x pt n tr t r f t r t ll b t p th p rtl t ll h d r th r x r n n O p t th h r h - h p d r n b v l h l nd p h b n r r d fr f r n; nt nn th nl n l n ll r n th f Orth d r n tr l br ( h d t l v n n p l nl r d t p x ( 79 M nt d S f r n n ll p r p r t d f nd x nl l htl l n r th n f r x ; h nd f r nt d n t nl r d th t t th Ex rt d p rt f v p t r v r n fr h h rt r th n t r t n d r bl r x n b (19 ; Gr ll G d- l n r p t r (19 1 M I n th 1 5- G n r ll f l r pp r- W rld t t ht n p ; r tr p l n t f l x pt f r tr t r f t r l nd n nd t r n d p
— — Ge us Podagrion S i o a p d th t t nl 1 d n l n t d n l r n ll r r l th r n r n l v n b t r 1 l n t l ll; t l v n xtr l h rt th d r n Sp n l 1 11 1 7 p p d r n n n t nl r d nd f r n t ll n th t t th pl nd n Sp n l 1 11; C ntr l E r p G t r n t p t l t ; h nd r n f 1 t t r t d ll n d; x rt d p rt f v p t r ll t l t l n n l n th ( x l d n v p t r b t - d n r ll d r t ll r n Ant nn th t r M l n th 1 5- G n r ll l r t f l th n l n ll tr n l tr n v r ; l v ft n l n x pt f r tr t r f t r nd l htl t t r nt nn r l n r th n th pr d n nt b n d b t t h rt r v r n fr r l t v l l nd r t l r l On p . nt p d (K rb p r t d nd br d 1- r 3- nt d t th t r n- n n d nt f d ll-f r n d d pl t Gr v b t n pl r n nd t pl r n f th l rv f ( pt r C d d n C r h l p Oth r v rt ll tr ht; t t rn th n l b d n t n d nt f d nd pr b bl nd l nd p r n r n r n l v n h l n r th n t l h v b n r r d fr d d ll n th h t t p v n nd x l v t p r t d t n rr t p nt b nd b d f n b r f n t v pl nt n l d n b , r t l t d r l l r t d r b l t th d t r C rp d t , C r h l , d rp , nd C pr . f v t ; h nd x l n r th n h nd f r; f r El h r n n p r t d f ll-f r n d t n tl ll n th v ntr l r f tr n t th; p x d d f h nd t b pr d d nt d t n t tr n l r p n G t r n rr t tt h nt th pr p d ; v p t r r W rld t t v r th rt p ; p l - ll l n b d r l n r t h rt r M l n th b t 1 7- G n r ll l r t t n l nd pr b bl t l t f v p b t nl n f l x pt f r tr t r f t r d nt f d ( b v l h l nd p h b n r r d fr th f Orth d r n tr l br ( h d M nt d El h r n n nl p r t d f nt d At l t n p ph r t n th d lt f l Ge us r a ma nt d l n n t t h nd n n rd r t n t r 11 3 r ntl d p t d th b f r th h rd n ( rd- r l n 1 135 p p I hn n 1913 b d r nn 175 ; S d n
r x n b (19 Gr ll & G d- n l n th ( x l d n v p t r - p t r (19 1 d n r ll t ll bl r n r p rpl W rld t t l ttl v r 1 d r b d p ; - O p t th h r h - h p d r n b v f r n; p l t n nt nn ll th nl n l n ll b t n ll l nd n nd t r n d p ( b v th t r r r n f p t rn d t n tl n- d Ap x f t l v n n t n p l ll n nd f r n t ll n th t v ntr l t th G t r n t p t l t ; v p t r ll t l t l n t r Ge us Torymoides Walker M l n th 1 5- 5 G n r ll f r f l r x pt f r tr t r f t r r d W l r 1 71 37-3 p p r d b l W l r 1 71; Sr n l h n l l nd p . v r n (W l r n t v f E r p d v l p n th nd p r n l n th ( x l d n v p t r b t f d f Cr t x nth (h th rn C. r ll , 1 5-3 d nd th r x t ll r n r bl O - nd C. n n . El h r l r l p r t d f ll- p t th h r h -l r n b v f r n; nt nn f r n n pt r nd pt r th tr n v r n ll th nd ft n l r r th n th 1 t t l r l n pl t r h n h nd r n f - r x n A (19 1 Gr ll (197 t ; t ll th t r -f rr p t r rl ; W rld t t b t 5 p ; p l t n p t r r r n f p r n tr ht ( ; pr - l nd n n n-n t v p ( b v
- 1- ami y IC OG AMMA I AE S v r l p f r h r nd th r n r r r -1 1 fr ntl d n th b l l ntr l f l p d pt r n t p t n r h Ch n Ind nd n M n t t v r ll t t l n t n- C ntr l nd rth A r M t p t l d r t ; x l d n v p t r b t -1 l n n l d- -r r d t b r l d n h n b r rl n th n v p t r p t 1 d l r v r n fr n n n ff rt t ntr l th p t p b f r t ll r r n t d r br n n v r t ll Ant nn n b r b ld p t l v l t h h d b f 5-9- nt d n l d n 1 r n ll ; f n l th n t n n f n r th n nt ft n r n -l ; l v 1-5- - nt d; f l nt nn n r ll th h rt t ; l r r h r t d r p l t n f l nt nn ll th h rl f l n t h r x th pr n v r 5 p n 7 n r M t n r r pr n t v r h rt n d r l v h rdl v bl b h nd d b tt n (19 h f l n r ll h d; n t l pl t W n ll f ll d v l p d; d v d d nt th bf l r h r t n nd thr - f ll d v l p d f r n th r n l v n v r n fr r n ; b th r n l nd b n r pr nt d b l t b nt t t l n t t n r l th rt - x p n l v n n r ll n; t l v n v r n fr l n t t h rt nd l ; p t r n l v n b nt; d l t fr ntl rr n d n d t n t r d t n r r 3- nt d KEY O GE E A O IC OG AMMA I AE G t r l ; v p t r v r n fr h dd n t ll K OW OM EW EA A x rt d 1 l —M l 1 l r h r t d r pr r l t r r r - r nd p r t d f th f th r n t n t bl l h n pt r pt r p d pt r C l pt r - (1 Apt r r br h pt r n n t r h n p x n pt r nd pt r f t r 3 M n p f tr h r t d v p t d r tl nt —W n n r ll d v l p d r h n r x d n p x r r l xp d h t nd v n tt pt f t r t v p t nt n th n th z nd h p n dr d l b l f p A f tr h r t d p r - 3( Ant nn l f n l 1- nt d l v 3- nt d t th f t n t h t d (C l - ( 9 (p 5 Oligosita pt r t n t d ( pt r r Od n t h l th —Ant nn l f n l - nt d th ` nn t - b n th th rf f th t r h t nt l v 1- nt d ( 1 5 111
p - r t h t bb nd dr ... (p 5 Trichogramma ph l t v l n (M th n Cr b - r h f r h t b n nd r t r ( bb 1 M th n ( r n n rr t l t 7× l n t r t t Cr b 191 nr n 19 A n b r f th r tr h - dth; r n l fr n r th n × d d ; d r t d r ph r t r x pl n p th b r ( 9 r th n l r f t xt nd n fr d lt tt h th lv t d lt t tt n d (Orth pt r t l v n ( 9 M n t p n t x d n 5 t n t fr hl l d ( rr èr 19 n l n th (p 5 Megaphragma h t l t l htl l n t nd t — r n n t r th n 3× l n t r t t dth; xp nd d ntr ll th b th nd thl r nd d r n l fr n l th n × d d ; d l t ( l nd r 1937 r th r b p d n l t n nd r l t v l d n t rr n d n r d t n l n (S lv tr 191 nd rf 193 h f r t- n t r l rv Sp l n r th n 5 5 ll th r f r ( Ch t tr h , r h r r r f r ( p p (f r xpl n - 5( l ll n t d v d d nt f n l nd l v t n f t r nd r M r d p 35 S p — l ll l rl d v d d nt f n l nd l v 7 h v n dd t n l rv d pr - p l p n -l pr ( Oph n r . h t r l rv n r ll r b t (5 l ll - nt d r b r l 3- nt d d t n tl nt d nd th t nt nt l p n r pr d d b n l n ll nd ` nn t nt ( t h r pp r ntl n tr h l t p t n ; f r n v n t n r h n nl n -th rd l n n t pl th n th r n f th h t th d lt ( ; h p p n t xt nd d p r t d r n b b t n h l n th h r n ... (p Aphelinoidea
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l l ppr d t b f fl ll ( 9 ; f r n ... (p 5 Trichogramma v n t n xt nd n h lf l n n ( 91 ; h p - p d t n tl xt nd d (p Lathromeris 1 (1 r n n rr t l t 7× l n t r t- t dth; r n l fr n r th n × l n dth f 7(5 n l 1- nt d n ( n 9 (p 5 Megaphragma — n l - nt d 9 — r n n t r th n × l n t r t t dth; r n l fr n n t l n r th n dth f n 17 (7 Ant nn th 1 n ll ; l ν 3- nt d ( 9 17(1 r n t l t l ttl r th n 3× l n ... (p 5 Oligosita — Ant nn th n ll ; l v b r l - nt d t r t t dth; d l t p r n v r d t n tl ( 1 (p 7 Zelogramma rrr n d n r d t n l n r v n tr ; r n l fr n b t l n dth f n ( n 99 ; nt nn th 9(7 Cl v 3- nt d t b r l 1 1- nt d f n l nd 3- nt d l v ... (p 5 Oligosita — Cl v 1- r - nt d 11 — r n t t 3× l n t r t t dth; d l t r l t v l d n ft n rr n d n r d t n l n r 1 (9 h r x th d t n t d n d r l l ( v n tr ; r n l fr n l th n h lf l n 9 ; l v b r l 3- nt d nd ll p r t d fr x n dth; b n t n f fl ll r nt f n l b n rr t l ( ; f r n v n t n n t n lt rn t 1 r l t v l h rt h rdl r h n r th n n -th rd l n n ( 7 ; t l v n l rl h rt r th n r n l 1 (17 r n t l v n r l t v l h rt nd - v n l (p Brachyia l ; p x f v n t n h rdl r h n r th n n -th rd — h r x th t d n d r l l ; l v d t n tl l n n 19 3- nt d l l rl p r t d fr f n l ( — r n t l v n r l t v l l n nd p t l t ; 1 ; f r n v n t n n rl r h n h lf l n p x f v n t n t l t r h n n rl h lf l n n ( 11 ; t l v n r l t v l l n nd l nd r n b t l n r n l v n (p 7 Ufens
19(1 r n b t 3× l n d p ll 11(9 Cl v - nt d ( 11 r nd d ( n 7 ; th r x d r ll th t d n ... (p Trichogrammatomyia l (p Aphelinoidea —Cl v 1- nt d 1 — r n b t t l n d p ll r r l tr n t ( n 9 ; th r x d r ll th d n 1 (11 r n r n l nd t l v n n t f r n l ( n 9 (p Brachyia th d l rv ; p x f r n l v n r ( 1 1 (p 5 Pseudogrammina (1 r n th p r t n t n p l n- - r n r n l nd t l v n f r n r r l r d h rdl d r th n b r n l v n ( n 1 1 l th d l rv ; p x f r n l v n nd - 1 11 1 t n t bl ( 11 113 13 — r n th p r t n p l nl r d tr - n l r l rl h br d r th n b r n l v n ( n 13(1 n tr S1 fr t l v n pr nt ( 117 11 1 1 3 11 (p 5 Trichogramma - n tr S1 b nt ( 113 1( r n r n l nd t l v n n t f r n ... (p Trichogrammatoidea th d l rv ; p x f r n l v n r ( n 1 1 (p 5 Pseudogrammina M l — r n r n l nd t l v n f r n r r 1 (1 Apt r r br h pt r n n t r h n l th d l rv ; p x f r n l v n nd - p x f t r 15 t n t r bl ( n 1 11 —W n n r l x d n p x f t r 1 ( 1 S t f v n tr S1 n 9 ; r n l 15(1 l ll - nt d th 1- nt d f n- t b t n - xth l n dth f d ; nt nn l l nd 3- nt d l v (p 5 Oligosita fl ll nt t n v r d - th r l rl ( 1
- 3- 1 7 11 r b r l ( 1 3- nt d r n t - l nd f v p ll nd t r n d nt d ( 1 9 (p 5 Trichogramma — t n v n tr S1 ( 11 ; r n l t n rl n -th rd l n dth f d ; nt nn l fl l- Ge us r h S a l d ff r nt t d nt - nt d f n l nd 3 - n- r 7-9 t d l v ( 115 (p Trichogrammatoidea r h Str nd 19 5 p p r h r 3( 1 l ll n dd t n t n r l t b r n b l v t G r lt 191 ; A tr l v r l l n p n h l n r th n nt r fl ll ( 1 (p 7 Zelogramma n l n th b t 7- Ant n- — l ll b r n n l n p n b t nl t f n l fl ll th n l n ll tr n v r l l v r n l n th th h ll l rl h h rt r th n fl - ppr d f n l nt nd 3- nt d l v ; ll ( 113 nn t n b t n f n l nd l v t l -l r f th r x th ll d f n d d n l r n n t ( 3 Cl v 3- nt d; f r n th p x f r- r th n t l n br d t p x t n l v n r ( n 117 tr n t ; r n l v n r h n nt r r n r n;
... (p Trichogrammatomyia t l v n r l t v l h rt nd br d; t n d —Cl v th v rt ll t r n l th nt; f r n rr n d l n v n tr ; r n l fr n v r h rt th p x f r n l v n bl ( 119 Ov p t r r l t v l h rt n t x rt d
... (p 7 Ufens M l n th b t 7- G n r ll l r n pp r n t f l b t fl ll l th d n t b t l n dth f nt nd f n l nt ll Ge us Aph l n d Gi au p r t d r - l t n n Aph l n d G r lt 1911 - p p Aph l n d f p nn G r lt 1911; U S A r x n tt n (19 W rld t t t p ; A tr l n l n th ( x l d n v p t r l nd n nd r b d p - 9 Ant nn th 1 r n ll ; f n l b nt; l v l n t - r 3- nt d r n ll h l- n b t n ll th n nf t p tt rn b t 3× Ge us thr r ö s e l n d ; v n t n h rt r h n t b t n -th rd r 91-93 l n n ; r n l v n r h n nt r r n r n; t l v n v r h rt l ; d l t r l t v l thr r ör t r 1 5 7 p p thr r d n n t rr n d n d t n t l n ; n d t n t l t r r t ll r ör t r 1 5 ; E r p t ft f t b n th v n t n; d th t n bl b r r fr t l v n t rd b f n ; r n l n l n th b t -1 1 Ant n- fr n v r n fr v r h rt t l ttl v r n -th rd n l p b l ndr l; fl ll th n ll b t n l n dth f n G t r t l n t th n f n l ; l v 5- nt d t th an p l r d- x rt d v p t r l p l r n b t t l n br d; r- M l n th b t - 7 Ex pt f r n t l n l v n b t l n t l ll th p x tr n t ; nd l htl ll r z n r ll v r l r n pp r- v n tr S1 b nt Ov p t r v r n fr h rdl n t f l x rt d t x rt d b t n -th rd l n t r ft n n l d n h p p h h xt nd d nt p l - l Un n n; l h r r rd d p r t d f l r d l b th f C d ll d M l n th - 9 G n r ll l r n pp r- n t f l b t ll r nd l n p l p l f r x n G r lt (191 tt n l v (19 W rld t t th rt p ; pr b bl p l t n l Un n n; l h r r rd d p r t d f lth h n t t r rd d fr Afr th f p d pt r
r x n tt n (19 n d (Orth pt r Al r rd d fr p p f World status: twenty-one species; cosmopolitan. C d d nd Chl r p d ( pt r l nd t nd t r n d p r x n tt n (19 - n (197 19 1 Ge us M phr im e ake W rld t t b t 1 p ; p l t n r 9 -97 l nd thr nd t r n d p
M phr b rl 19 1 p p M phr r p nn b rl 19 3; Ge us d r n G esquiè e r 1 -1 3 n l n th b t - 5 Ant- nn th 1 n ll 1 f n l nt nd - nt d d r n Gh èr 19 371 p p l v t r n t n n r r p l pr r n d r f t p nn G r lt 191 ; A tr l h l n r b ll nf t l n n rr t l t b t 7× l n br d; r n l fr n v r l n t l t × n l d h rt p t; l n th b t l n x n dth; d th t t n l 3 - 5 Ant nn th n l n ll l n l n f t d t d f t l v n nd x pl d d r l p n - nt d f n l nd l d l v l htl nt r r t ddl x S t ll th r th t d n l r n M l n th b t - 5 Ap rt fr n t - b t t l n as br d b n th v n t n nf t l n r ll l r n pp r n t f l nd f l th r pp r n ; p r t h rdl ll n; r n l v n h h rt r th n t l ll t h n l Un n n; l h r r rd d p r t d f nt r r n r n r l tr n t t p x nd b r- th f thr p ( h n pt r n p r f v r l n t ; t n d n t v r d n n d t l h lf f n b t t rr n d n d t n t r x n Gh èr (1939 S bb l n ; v n tr S1 b nt; r n l fr n l n r th n (19 9 n - rt r f n dth W rld t t f r p ; p l t n M l n th b t 3- 5 G n r ll l r n l nd t nd r b d p pp r n t f l b t nt nn l th d n r l t v l l n t nd l v 3- nt d
Ge us Ol t Wa ke l Un n n r 9 99 r h l nd p d ff r fr th t p Ol t W l r 1 51 1 p p Ol t l p n l n th d n l n th t ll ( l n W l r 1 51; rth rn Ir l nd tt n 19 pp 5 533 v r th r th ll th r h r t r f th n nd th r f r n l d r l t v l l n t ; l n th pl th n d r n . h l nd p b t 35-1 1 Ant nn th n l n ll 1- n b p r t d n b th x b th xt nt f th nt d f n l nd - r 3- nt d l v ft n f r n nf t n r l t v d n t f t n th f r - t r n t n n r d-l pr j t n W n t n d nd l r t n f th th r x ll n t l h rt n d; f ll d v l p d f r n ll r l t v l h r t r l n nd n rr t l t b t 3× l n as br d nl W rld t t n d r b d p ; A tr l n n ll br d r; r n l v n r l t v l l n nd l nd thr nd r b d p tr ht l n r th n t l ll t h n nt r r r n f n ll b t × l n t l v n; t p r n d b nt b ll Ge us r h r Wes woo M l n th b t 35- Ap rt fr r 1 -11 n t l n r ll v r l r t f l b t ll ll r nd th t r d r r r h r W t d 1 33 p p r h r v n n W t d 1 33; En l nd l Un n n; l h r r r d fr f h - p d b tl d ll d nd ( pt r nd t tt - n l d h rt p t; l n th b t
- 5- - 7 Ant nn th n l n ll l n d r l b t t l n br d; b r n l r n l nd p n - nt d f n l nd l d l v W n t l v n f r n th d rv ; b r - t h rt n d; r pt r f r th f r n n l v n th t n nl r d p r t ; r n l v n b t t l n br d h l n r nf t th t h n nt r r n r n r l t v l h rt h b r n l r n l nd t l v n f r n th h rt r th n t l ll; d l t r l t v l d n n d rv ; b r n l v n th t n nl r d p r - d t l h lf f n rr n d n n p l n ; v n t ; r n l v n t h n nt r r n r n tr S1 b nt; r n l fr n n r ll l n r th n r l t v l h rt h h rt r th n t l ll; d l t n -f fth f n dth r l t v l d n n d t l h lf f n rr n d n n- M l n th b t 15- 5 G n r ll l r n p l n ; v n tr S1 pr nt; r n l fr n pp r n t f l b t ll n t bl d r r nd n r ll n t l n r th n n - hth f n dth n ft n p rl d v l p d r r r l b nt; M l n th b t 3- 7 G n r ll l r n nt nn l th d th r l t v l l n t ; f n l - - pp r n t f l b t ll n t bl d r r nd nt d; l v 3- nt d b t n ll nt - ft n th n p rl d v l p d; nt nn l th d n t n nd t n t r l t v l l n t nd th v r bl nt t n ll th l d l v nd n f n l b t nd l nd l In l nd . b tr h b n r r d p h v - nt d f n l nd l d l v ( fr f Ep ph p tv tt n (W l r ( rtr d n . f n l t C rv r 1 9 Oth r n d nt f d t r l h b n r r d fr f Chr d x r ( bl d ( t d l l . f n l t C rv r n nd h b n v rp r r ( übn r ( t d S l d rd l r r d fr Ep ph p tv tt n (W l r C d p ( l d ( r l d nd l n t rtr x x n (W l- n ll ( nn l n t rtr x x n (W l r nd r ( rtr d Ct n p t bl n (W l r ( ll rtr d h nd t r n d l nd p h v b n r r d fr r x n tt n (19 - f v r t rtr d n t d nd ph r d r j (1979 Extr l t l p r ll p r t d f th f W rld t t t nt p ; p l t n p d pt r lth h f h v b n r rd d fr l nd t p n d t r n d . b tr f C d ll d ( pt r C b d ( n pt r r j ( b v nd v r C l pt r nd pt r S v r l p r f p rt n n th tt pt d ntr l f l p d pt r p t f r n nd th r r p n v r l ntr Ge us r h r t Gi au U S S Ch n Ind M x r 11 117
r x n tt n (19 r- r h r t G r lt 191 p p tt r j (1971 r j r tt (1973 r h r t t rtr G r lt 191 ; C n d r j (1973 O t n t l. (19 l n- t r (19 n l n th b t 5- Ant nn W rld t t b t 1 p ; p l t n th n l n ll - nt d f n l nd - l nd . f n l t , pl t l t f ft n nd - nt d l v r n h l n r b ll nf t ; t r n d tl pr b bl nd r b d p p r t ll n; r n l v n h rt r th n t l ll t h n nt r r n r n t p x bl l tr n t ; d l t d t d f p x f v n t n r l t v l p r Ge us r h r t d Gi au f th rr n d r r l n l n Ov p t r r l t v l h rt n t r h rdl x rt d r 113-115 M l (n t t n n n l nd n th b t 5 r h r t d G r lt 1911 13 p p S l r n pp r n t f l b t nt nn l th d Ch t t h n n hntn r 1 9 ; v n r l t v l l n t nd th l v 3- nt d
n l d h rt p t; l n th b t l Un n n; . t rtr G r lt h b n r r d
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— — W rld t t n p ; r t r n l v n p ll tr n t ; t l v n f r n n l nd n nd r b d p n l f v r n rl 9 °; d l t d r t l d n rr n d n l n l n v n tr ; v n tr S1 r οr l nd t d; r n l fr n l th n n - hth Ge us Uf n Gi au l n n dth nd n b t 5× l n br d; r 11 -1 r n l fr n l ttl h rt r th n x n dth GASTER b t l n th r x Ov p t r l n r Uf n G r lt 1911 3 p p r h r r l xt nd n t b f t r x rt d th x rt d n r A h d 1 b; U S A p rt n rl h lf l n t r r b t h lf l n ddl t b n l n th ( x l d n v p t r b t 5- 9 M x ll r p lp 1- nt d Ant nn th 1 M l E nt ll l r t f l d ff r n nl f l- r n ll tr n v r r b dr t f n l nt l Ant nn nt rpr t d h r n t n f p br dl j n d th n bl d v n nd 3- nt d p d l n l n ll nd 5- nt d l v f h h l v r n h l n n t r th n b t t l n th 1 t nt r r l n ll f r ; l v pp rt n br d tl l t r l tr n t p ll ; p r - v r l l n t p n -l tr t r pp r ntl d r v d t ll n; r n l v n h rt r th n t l ll fr r l l n t l n t d n l n ll r n t - t h n nt r r n r n t p x r l tr n t ; t n r l t v l p r ; r n l fr n l ttl l n r G n - d l t d r t l d n rr n d l n v n tr t l l r t th f th r tr h r t d l th d t d f p x f v n t n G t r v r n fr h rt t f rl l n t d t nd p r r ; d t l ttl l n r t l n t ; v p t r t l htl x rt d th n p r r h th p r f p l t th M l n th b t 5- 7 S l r n pp r n t f l b t nt nn l th d n h rl f l n t nd r l r pp r t b l t t r l v th ll b r t r n l th nt h t tr h n b t d ff r n th tr t r f th nt nn ( r h t tr h : f l th t b dr t f n l l Un n n; l h r r rd d p r t d f nt nd thr - nt d l v ; l th x- th f C d ll d ( pt r nt d fl ll nd n r l l n t d n l n ll nd f r n ( r h t tr h : t l v n f r n n x n G r lt (191 (1935 r n l f n t r th n 5° th nt r r n r n; v n tt n (19 tr S1 b nt W rld t t xt n p ; p l t n Onl n l p n n l nd t nd t r n d p
I r ew ge us I r l t ew s ecies r 1 1-1 5 r 1 1-1 5 p p l r l t n p l n th r n ( x l d n v p t r - 3 (n= 1 ; h l t p b t 5 G n r ll v r d r l d f rl h rt nd p t br n l t bl th l ht bl h r fl t n ; nt n- HEAD. M nd bl th 3 t t th th l t l htl n d r br n; f r n nf t n b l h lf ( 1 1 th l n t M x ll r p lp - nt d Ant nn th 1 h nd n l htl nf t n b l h lf; l n l r n ll n ll f r f n l nt 1 l n t f n l th b d b t b l t r l nt t t ll ; nt nd - nt d l v th h rt p l v p t r h th n l r th b d pr j t n; t r p r t n nt f l v tr n l HEAD. r nt v rt x b t h lf f h d dth th nv n t n t r rf ; l n t d n l n ll pr - h ll tr n v r l l n t h r n d lpt r b - n nt n l v nd 3rd f n l nt n r r l l n t d n ll l n t n l r p rt THORAX. S t ll b t l n br d th t f f nd n n Ant nn l t r l th pp r r n d n l b t th p r f b l t r n r r l l v l th l r r n p r t d fr b t t l n br d nf t n b l h lf r ; h th r nd fr th r n b b t th r n r n l v n t h n nt r r n r n b t n - l n th; p b t thr - rt r l n dth f th rd l n t l ll; p r t tr n l xp nd d; fr nt v rt x; pr p rt n f nt nn l nt n t l ll th l n f t d r ll n d t l h lf; 1
- 7- O A M t th v r h ll r t l t ( f b nt ; nd n l d th r p r l ( f lpt r p t r rl b n r l n t nd l r xp d t th t f t ll h h r t l t - tr t ; t n d f t nd t ll b l n l n th; t n x ll n rl l n th n t ll ; ami y MYMA OMMA I AE pl d n ll t t d n nt r r th rd f t ll r 1 r n 1 1 GAS E Ex rt d p rt f v p t r b t n -th rd r ll - - 7 l n S l r n pp r n t l n ddl t b l t v l n th (h l t p v p - M r d d l nt l r n t n f l r t p - t r 75 n t l [ ddl t b 5] r t d b h p r p t l br n r n th t th r t r r r n M th v t d h d th M l n th b t 3 (n=1 G n r ll l r t l r nd bl n t t n t dl n Ant nn l t r l f l b t ll r Ant nn 1 G n t l 1 5 l t th r n rt d h h n h d l v l th d r l r n r n l fr n b t n -f fth f n dth; r n f E n t n f ll n b r f l r h nd n b t × l n br d h rdl nf t t d l nt nn 1 - r 11- nt d th t l t v l n th ddl t b 5 d 7 l n t d n l n ll ; l nt nn 13- nt d r - n t r tl r d d h rdl v bl fr b v b t p d t l t p f l AK r nh d M l- pr pl r l r ; pr p t b nt; pl r n l r ; tr p n nd r th b h v b r 19 t pl r n l r r f d th pr p d r n n rth ( AC p d n l t r t l t th d d ll r n d r t p ( f l 1 l fr th f ll n l - th l n l r n fr th n br n nd n l t — W p St t r t; AK - r nh d r d d t v n pl v t f br n r t v n nf ld; MC - n n n l ( r ll l n t r n t n n n - pl n h r n z h p nd l t n v r d; n l nd p M t r l x n d p r nl ( l nd br h pt r n th r pp r ntl pt r t l - Arthr p d C ll t n SI A l nd; r t h M nt d ( t r l t r nd n; Un t d St t t n l M - pr nt d rld d b n l n f t r l t r W h n t n C ; Un v r t f C l f rn t v r d ; A tr l n t n l In t C ll - t n CSI O C nb rr ; I t t t d Ent l A r r Ge us l r Meu ie rt It l r 1 AK/MC b t t n t d b h; d f n t v b h; l n tr ; l r M n r 19 1 p p M r f r t l r n d b r St n 1 77; E r p Ad lt ll t d n r -Apr l v b r b r n Ch r t r d b th f t r f th f l l Un n n b v
l Un n n b t n l nd pp r ntl t d th l f l tt r Su e ami y MYMA OMMA OI EA G b n (19 b h d n tr t d th t th M r rn t- r l r l r n d b th t - d r v r pr b bl th t r- r p f th Ch l d d nt d p t l l nt l r h d th d - t nd - nd pr f r t tr t th p r t p rf l bl nd nt nn r n l t th r h h n th h d Ch r t r p r t n r t d fr h l d x n b h (19 tt (1973 Y h t r p t l t - nt d ( n - nt d n Ch l d- (1975 19 l nt n (1971 K zl v n t n d ; br n f f r n r t l t r ll l t ( f (1979 n v r ; pr n t t h n t l ( f n r ll ll W rld t t t lv p n l d n thr f l p p r t d ; pr p t b nt ( f pr nt lth h - fr th Upp r Cr t t v r r d d n M r d ; l n t d n l l nd . n l r l nt n d r b d fr th n ll b nt fr fl ll r nt ( f l A l nd nd Ant p d l nd pl f v nd r b d pr nt ; pr n f br n h p r p t l r n p
— — E E E CES nt l t 4: 19 - 1 19 1b A t d f th b l f p f th Ahmad, T.; M n M S 1939 n p r t f th n M p l b W t d ( n pt r t r - l n d d n r l n rn Ind n j rn l l d t d th n p d ll n r n f r lt r l n : 531-539 t n f th l Ent l l S t f nd n Al S M 1957 h b l f M t ph t x Al : 155-173 (En rt d n pt r n th n t nt t p r - 19 1 On th b l f th nh b t nt f t r r th n t n th n t f t pr - ll f C n p d ( n pt r n r t n r n n l t Ind n j rn l f nt l : t n f th S t f r r t h Ent l 4 : 37- 31- 19 5 h b l f th r t h p f th 1959 h l f -h t r nd th l rv l n t f n r l n ( n pt r r d E ph v r l Al ( n pt r En rt- n th p l r f r n t lt rn t n f f r d n nd p r t f A t r l n v r l r n t n f th S t f r r t h Ent l 6: ( tzb ( pt r C d r d n f th 17- 3 l l S t , C l tt 2: 35- 19 Ob rv t n n th r t h p f M Ann D.P.; In l 197 nd l ttl n n t l n ( r d h h nh b t p f Az t rd Abl r rd nd h n p d ll h nt l t 99 1 -1 rd ( Aph l n d fr Afr nd 19 n pt r Ch l d d S t n (b M r t ll t n f nt l l r r h 60: Η ndb f r th d nt f t n f r t h n t 37- 51 8(2 b: 1-39 197 h p f C ph W t d 1971 r t n t nd n xv +31 p 1 33 fr th Eth p n r n ( n pt r Aph l- 19 h b l nd l rv l rph l f n d p rt nt f A r lt r l hn l S r Chr l p th n (W l r ( t r l d v , p bl f S th Afr , nt l r Ent l t nthl z n : 155-159 : 1- 19 5 h b l f ll p p 3- 71 n Ann D.P.; r n l G 197 On th p f An nth r hn n d., h b l f ll n t E x nth ll n S th Afr ( n pt r Aph l n- nd n d rn l f th Ent l l S t f S th A R.R.; M 197 l nd t x n f rn Afr : 1-7 p f th n En l h ( E l - A h d W.H. 1 Or n n t tr t n th ph d Ent d nt n th p l r f r n t th nj r nd b n f l n t f nd n th r n r t h f n r n t n f th l Ent l tr n l r d nv ll l r d ν+7 p l S t f nd n 2 : 57- 9 1 b r pt n f n rth A r n A v n d n 1975 p r l p tt rn n f rt h p E l ph d III E d r n ( n pt r Ch l d- b h v r n p r t n pt r th p - d C n d n nt l t 20: 99-1 7 l r f r n t M l tt b t . rn l f nt 1 9 r pt n f n p r t n pt r l ( l Ent l l S t f nd n 0: r n t n f th A r n Ent l l S t 137-1 2 : 31 -3 A v n d n; M t Y 197 S b rv t n n 1896: On the genera of the Eupelminae. r d M l tt b p ( n pt r Ch l d d -E l - n f th Ent l l S t f W h n t n 4: ph d ll t d n p n K nt 48: - 7 - 1980: On a fourth species of M l tt b fr 19 t n l nd nd A tr l n p n K nt 48: 77- 1 p r t n pt r th d r pt n f n n- A v n d n; h A ; r Ε 19 M l t r nd p r d n f th nn n S t f t b rt h p b h v r p r t v t d f th Ν S th W l 2 : 3 7-3 v l t n f d pl th rl nd j rn l f z l 19 Cl f t n f th h l d fl f th 2: 7- 71 p rf l Ch l d d th d r pt n f n p n th C rn M ll t d n S th Bakkendorf, O. 193 l l nv t t n n A r b rb rt S th M r f th C r n h h n pt r -p r t p ll n h - n M : -x 5-551 pt r nd h t r pt r th t x n A R.R. 19 1 E p l r z n l n ( r r nd d r pt n f n p Ent l Ch l d d p r t n n p d ll h dd l l r : 1-9
- 9- ld f W 19 Ob rv t n n th b ff l tr - Ζ ; S 19 7 t t d n f l f h pp r C r b b l br (M br d - Ch l d d fr l nd S t t nt l pt r nd th b n f n p r t l n 2: 7- 1 tr t rn G r lt (M r d n pt r r n G 19 3 S n l b l l v r t n n Ann l f th Ent l l S t f A r 2 : l f n r p r t n th n A hr h r d 19- 35 ( n pt r E l ph d E l l nt l lf r- r n 19 On th l f h t r f M l tt b 8: 59- 7 t , W l r; h l d p r t f b nd p r 1979 C n p d Ch l d d (p rt p r t l 4. 3 9-3 9 7 -11 7 n Kr b n K ; rd ; S th v r A 19 h b l nd t r t f ; r C t l f n pt r n A r- Ent d n l r ( tz b r ( n pt r n rth f M x 1 E l ph d p r t f b r b tl r d n f l n ; Gr nd G 193 I r l th l Ent l l S t f nd n (A 4: b l l lt v z n r pp rt n 37- 1 l n tt pr n b ( l t ph p n ll tt n l r K G 19 A n t n th n f th r d ll I t t t d Ent l d ll Un v r t d l b d r ll h d t r r d n nd St d d l n 0: 3- tr n t n f th S th nd n Ent l l nd t r l t r S t 4 44: 55-59 C r n E 1939 h h ll l f- n r ( h t z l bb M 19 5 In t p r t nd pr d t r t d n C rt nd t p r t ll t n f nt l l d l n n fl p p l t n rn l f n nt r r h 0: 173- l 8: 9 5-9 C r n 191 On n p f ph t ph rd E 1913 ôt b l r ll à l Il d E r t (Ch l d d fr l nd Ent l n n ll t n nt f d l r n t d l l t 4 : 11 -115 l 7 377- 1 C nd n S M 1937 St d n th b l f C ph h A n d n; A v n d n 19 h t x - ( n pt r n p r t n n nd p n n p t n f A r t n r r n l r - C d Un v r t f C l f rn p bl t n n n h n ( n pt r E l ph d j d d b nt l 6: 337-399 h r t r t f t rt h p b h v r S t t Cl n W 19 h n t p r t f th Chr p d nt l : 19- 3 Un v r t f C l f rn p bl t n n nt l : Ζ 19 7 v n f l r t p f E n 3- 9 d l tz ( E p l d A t nt l Cl r d M 1959 A ntr b t n t th b l nd h l v 64: 1- 93 t x n f th r t h p f th n E d 197 On r t h M t ( r - t A h d ( n pt r E r t d r n d th r v d t th t E r p n p t n f th S t f r r t h Ent l : Ent l t z tt 2 : 5- 75 1 9-1 1977: A faunisitic review of the Yugoslavian Chal 1959b t n th n S t l W l r n l d- d d ( r t n pt r A t nt l n pr v l nd r b d p ( E r - l v ( ppl nt : 1-1 5 t d Ent l t nthl z n : 8 4 . 1978: Anew parasitic eulophid (Hym., Chalcido - 19 1 Α ntr b t n t th b l nd t x n d t d th th f n l nd l f l r t p f tr W l r (= l t n d l S été Ent l S : 115-11 I W l ; = r l t M t h ( n pt r 19 A tr l n Ch l d d ( n pt r -- E r t d th p rt l r r f r n t th r t h b t t r v n f f rt n f l th f n r n t n f th l Ent l l S r l f t n f p W ll n f rd (Ox n U K t f nd n : 175- 1 C A Int rn t n l 3 p Cl r d M ; A 19 S bl n p n th Ζ ; A 19 Ind x f nt ph E r t r r p ( E r t d Ent n t 3 l r t E l ph d ( x l tr t h- ph : 1 1-153 n r 5 p Cl r A 1931 h p r t ntr l f G n pt r Ζ ; r ndr n C 19 1 Ind n h l d p t ll t G ll l nd j rn l f n nd ( n pt r f th n rh n p r t n t hn l : - n nthr p nd th r pt r S t t nt l Cl n C 19 7 h b n f An t t lb t r 6: 9- 51 A h p r t n th f t pl j p n
-5 - M r ( n Ann l f th Ent l l S t b h 19 Et d r l M r d t l f A r 20: 1- 71 M r d d l l ( Ch l d d 1940: Entomophagous insects. New York. x + Mé r d M é l d t r t r ll d p l 08: 1- C p r 1931 A r v n f th p f C S nt 19 E t d n ráf d l Af lín d ph , n f n pt r d- nh b t n d l p bl Ar nt n ( n pt r Ch l d- p r t r d n f th Un t d St t t n l d v t d l M d l t (n. . , όn M 8: 1-13 z l : 3- C n 1979 h f n t n f nl r d h nd l n tt 19 A t x n n l f p r t v p t n nd r n b Ch l n d n . n pt r r r d fr rl t r l (C lvé Gr t nt l t 2: 133-13 l rd : 19- 31 Cr f rd C 191 n pt r fr th h l p- 1973 h f l M r d n f nt p n I l nd r d n f th Un t d St t l t 4 : 1- t n l M 8: 119-133 tt ; n G 19 h l f t n f th Cr z Y 19 1 A t r l d f nd r rph n p l br - r h r t d ( n pt r Ch l d d n h n pt r p r t t r 2 4: - 7 r d n f th C l f rn A d f ( t r l 19 v l p nt f th p l br n p r t S n : 77-5 C p d p t n t ( n pt r En rt- bl t n 193 h ppl l f-h pp r ( phl b d Ann l f th Ent l l S t f A r tr l r l nd j rn l f n nd 79 1 1-1 7 t hn l 6: 3 -3 19 b h d f nd r r l f th pr l rv f C p d p t n t (En rt d n - Embleton, A.L. 19 On th n t nd d v l p nt pt r rn l f xp r nt l z l 2 : 3 9-31 f C nf l x E bl t n h n pt r p r t C b r A 1959 h n t pl x f n p t r f n h ph r . r n t n f th n rth I l nd h n pt r r v l d b nn n S t f nd n (2 : 31- 5 r p- pl n l nd j rn l f r Ev 197 l f M n d nt r b r lt r l r r h 7 - 97 W t p r t f th lf lf l f tt n b M 19 7 t r nfl n n rv v l f S l h l r t nd t ( br M l nd r 4: 1-1 p p tr l W l r ( pt r - pt r - n d n th S dn r Ν l nd j rn l f n 0: 39- 3 Ferrière, C. 19 Un n v d ph r r h - r d r t r ll r b 8: 7 - 7 h E.C. 19 A r v f th b l f p n 193 E p l d x t ( n pt Ch l- th n M l tt b ( n pt r E l ph d th d d Ann l d l S été Ent l d nt rpr t t n nd dd t n n b rv t n n r n 0 : 5-7 M l tt b tr l . M r f th Q n l nd 19 7 pè r pé nn d nr El M 2 : 337-3 W t ( Ch l M tt l n n d r S h z r l n W 1 ör t ll Upp tälln n In t- h n Ent l h n G ll h ft 20: 5 5-5 f lj n t r l n nn rh t d f n d p d 195 ôt r l E r t ( Ch l d - Sv r f nn Art r K n l Sv n t n p d I t p d h n t d M r M tt l n n d n ndl n r 4 : 1 3-17 177-1 d r S h z r h n Ent l h n G ll h ft 1 5 O n r Sv n rt r f C , nt d 3 377- 1 n t d för nd p r t In t r K n l 195 E p l d r h ptèr ( Sv n t n p d n ndl r 46: Ch l d d M tt l n n d r S h z r h n 35 -37 Ent l h n G ll h ft 7 1- 1 n 1971 l f t -n t n l t 19 5 n pt r Aph l n d d E r p t d n pt r r n t n f th l Ent l b n M d t rr né n r M n p l S t f nd n 22: 3 3-399 h r J.P. 19 5 A ntr b t n t th b l f E r rl n C ; hn n 19 S n p f r t t r l n M r ( E r t d Ent Az t n ( n pt r Aph l n d r d n ph 0: 317-31 f th Ent l l S t f W h n t n 86: 55 - 197 h b l nd t x n f h l d- 5 d p r t ( n pt r f t -l v n l rv f
-51- Ap n (C l pt r C r l n d r n t n f 1915 A tr l n n pt r Ch l d d - th l Ent l l S t f nd n 22: νII h f l En rt d th d r pt n f n 93-3 n r nd p M r f th Q n l nd tt n M G ; Gr h M W d ; ; t l. M 4: 1-1 197 A h l t f r t h n t (Kl t n 1915b A tr l n n pt r Ch l d d - nd dn rt n pt r ndb f r th I h f l Ch l d d th d r pt n f n d nt f t n f r t h n t ×Ι(4 . 159 p n r nd p M r f th Q n l nd l nd r S E 1937 St rv t n f d v l p n p r t M 4 : 31 -3 5 n xpl n t n f n t rn l f n 191 r pt n f nd b rv t n n nt l 0: 97 -971 h l d d n pt r C n d n nt l t 48:
ör t r A 1 5 n pt r l h St d n Ch l- - 5 d nd r t tr p A h n 15 p 1918: North American Hymenoptera Trichogram- 1 7 Kl n M n r ph n p r t h r t d S dn pr v t l p bl h d 11 p n pt r n rh ndl n n d t rh t r h n 1929: New pests from Australia, VI. Brisbane, r n d r r h n h nl nd nd W tf l n pr v t l p bl h d p : - 1931: A new habit in n ld n t p d nd n r t d r b n pr v t l p bl h d p G h n A 191 r pt n f n n r nd p - G v n 1959 l l ntr l f t r nfl n n th n t n p r t n pt r r d p p l t n f l f n r, th ll t n ll n f th Un t d St t t n l M 48: 68 . ll r n l nd n l d n th ntr d t n f 19 A l t f ph t ph Ch l d d th p r t l nd j rn l f r lt r l r d r pt n f t n p r d n f th r h 1 -133 Ent l l S t f W h n t n 24: 33-5 G rdh G ll 197 A r t l p nt dr r d 19 7 M ll n d r pt n f n p r t th d f nt n n t fr l h l Ent n pt r th n n l n t r d l l n 0: 57-59 n f th Un t d St t t n l M : 1-39 G rl E S 19 t nd d r pt n f - Gh èr 1939 C ntr b t n à l ét d d én - l nd n pt r r n t n nd pr d n f ptèr d C n I v d l t d th l nd In t t t : 3 -373 t n Afr n . 33- 1 193 r l n r h t-l t f th nt ph 19 C ntr b t n à l ét d d r h én - n t n l nd ll t n f th l nd ptèr d C n l - I v d l t d p rt nt f S nt f nd Ind tr l r h 22: t n Afr n 39 3 7-373 . G b n G A 19 Ev d n f r n ph l nd r l - 193 b S p r t n pt r f n t n h p f Ch l d d M r d nd M r - p rt n n l nd l nd j rn l f t d ( n pt r r br nt C n d n nt n nd t hn l : 339-3 3 l t 8: 5- 1935 r t f th ld n l h t b- 19 b M th r l t l t r nd - l h nt n l nd f br l p d l nn h n f fl ht nd j p n n E p l n ( n- W t d l nd j rn l f n nd t h pt r Ch l d d E p l d C n d n nt n l 6: 1 - 35 l t 8: 91-7 Gr h M W d 19 9 h t r l d f rth- G r lt Α Α 1911 r pt n f n n n n r f th W t rn E r p ( n pt r Ch l d d ll h l d d f l r h r t d r n t n t n f th r t h M ( t r l t r , nt l f th A r n Ent l l S t : 1-- ppl nt 6: 1-9 191 A tr l n n pt r Ch l d d I 197 h r t h p f Aph l n th n t h f l r h r t d th d r pt n f nd d r pt n f th r E r p n Aph l n d n n r nd p M r f th Q n l nd ( n pt r S t t nt l : 1 3-1 M : -11 Gr nd G 19 9 St d rf l b l d ll 1913 S h l d d n pt r fr rth l t ph p n ( ( d z n r v d t ll t Q n l nd. Ar h v für t r h ht (A 79 7 -9 t n d l b r t r d Ent l d l . I t t t 1913b On v r l n n r nd p f S p r r A r r d l n 2: 1-1 7 A tr l n n pt r Ch l d d C n d n Gr ll Ε Ε 197 A r v n f t rn r t p nt l t 4 : 1 1-1 13 -1 5 f r l n ( n pt r r d Un
-5 - v r t f C l f rn p bl t n n nt l 79 19 7 n r nd p f Aph l n d th Gr ll E Ε G dp t r CE 19 1 A r v f r - r v d t bl f n r hn l r , r f t d r n n th d r pt n f x l b h v r Ent l , Un t d St t p rt nt f A r lt r f d r n nt ( n pt r r d 2: 9- Ann l f th Ent l l S t f A r 4: n ; A r l M M 19 x n t d n - 1 lt h ll n f Ind ( n pt r Ch l d d t I lt h ll n Or nt l n t 6: 313-33 b A 19 A r v n f th Ch l d d ( n - W 1955 h l f -h t r f M t pt r f p n th d r pt n f xt n n p p r tr ph W htl ( n pt r Ch l d d ll t n f th t n l In t t t f A r lt r l S nd t pr n p l p r t th d r pt n f th n ( , r C : 13 - d v l p nt l t r n t n f th l Ent 19 Ch l d d p d nd d r n d l l S t 06: 133-151 (In t n pt r n p n : 1- 3 1957 M t p ( r d rf rd 195 Ob rv t n f h b t nd rl t d th d f lv r f r nd d r Ent l d v l p nt f M l p t n l t ( br t nthl z n : 51- 53 l nd nt l t 2: -11 t M 197 St d n th n r f th f l n 19 Ob rv t n n th l f -h t r f S n ph r d ( n pt r Ch l d d r rd d M t h r b l r ( l n ( E l ph- fr Ind Ent ph : 3 7-399 d p r t d f th f t d Opuscula 1971 h p f C ph W t d nt l 2 : 1-97 1 33 ( Aph l n d fr Ind Ent ph 19 1 Ob rv t n n th b l f C r phr 6: 1- 3 tus n t W l r ( n pt r M r d 197 t-p r t t l f th - nh b t- p r t d f th f t d (C l pt r n ph l n d n r C ntr d r r t r 1 7 nd I t r t nd n l h t r th r v f d p G r lt 1911 ( n pt r Ch l d- r d l rv r t l : 9- 9 d l Ent l zn 44: 7- 9 19 Ob rv t n n th b l f C r phr 197 S Ind n p f Ch rt r ( .: tus n t W l r ( n pt r M r d p r - Ch l d d S n ph r d O r nt l n t 0: 1 1- t d f th f t d r n t n f th 1 l Ent l l S t f nd n 8: 3- 9 1979 h t tr r Aph l n d ( n pt r ph K ; r ndr n C ; 1973 Or nt l f G r lt fr A tr l th t th rld r h r . A n r ph n th Or nt l p f n r S t t nt l 4: 119-13 r h r ( n pt r Ch l d d Un v r t
1983: The genera of Aphelinidae (Hymenoptera) f Calicut, z l n r ph : i v 1- 15 f th rld S t t nt l 8: 3-1 d v t K 197 n pt r Ch l d d E p l- K l n 19 1 h l r t p f th n d p - 3 n S th Afr n n l l f M r n r W l r 1 37 ( n pt r Ch l d- r lt f th nd Un v r t Exp d t n n 195 -1951 d E p l d th d r pt n f n p 1 S d h t r l r h C n l Sb rn . d h n h U t v S l nr n K 19 t p n t n - d l v r z 24: 3-111 pt r Ann l d b l l tr : 19-37 K l n ; St r 197 A r v f th ph d ph r t M ; rl n C 19 C p r t v rph - Aph l n d ( Ch l d d th r d tr b t n l f th pl n d l l rv f E h r t d nd r - nd h t r n n E r p St d nt l f r l p d ( n pt r Ch l d d S t t t l 1 3-17 nt l 9 3 9-3 K rn h G 19 In t f C pb ll I l nd ( n W 19 1 A n r d ( M r d En rt d f n t n r ph 7 5 -5 n fr r n pl r t l r Wh t r n K rr h G ; Y h t CM 19 In t f C pb ll t n f th l S t f l nd (z l : I l nd ( n pt r E l ph d f n t 159-1 1 n r ph 7 5 1-5 3 rd O 1 9 p r t f p rt nt l - K rb W 1 3 t n n nd l ttl n n p n t In t l f 7 5- f n pt r h fl fr l nd r n 1900: A new genus of Aphelininae from Chile. t n f th l Ent l l S t f nd n, C n d n nt l t 2: 1 3-1 88 : 199- 3
-53- 1 3b On th n r f th bf l Ch l d 1979: Studies on r h r t d ( n - n th n n n t nd d r pt n f n pt r r h r t d Or nt l n t 2: 9- p f p d n nd Ch l d d rn l f 53 th nn n S t (z l : 53-7 r j ; r tt S 1973 A t K r W 1 95 v n f b l nd p l W rld p f r h r ( n pt r p rt p rt nt f A r lt r l nd 1 95 r h r t d th d r pt n f f r n p 1 1-1 1 p r d n f th Ent l l S t f K zl v M A ; zn t n A 1979 On th l t f th W h n t n : - 97 f l S rph t d ( n pt r r t tr p d r tt S ; r j 1971 d r pt n f [ n n] Ent l h b zr n 8: - 1 n n p f r h r ( r h r - t d h n th p rt n f th l n t l d n t h r t r ll t n f nt l l nn C 175 S t n t r (1 th dn 1 — r r h 6 : 13-31 1- St h l r ndr n C 1977 h t t p t n f th 17 7 S t n t r (1 th dn 1 (p rt n n n ( Ch l d d Ent ph 533-13 7 + 3 p St h l 95- 9 bb 1 On t t n pt r n f n h nd r ; M d j Ε 19 M rt l t f th h h t n f r n r n t n f v l b h n n h t ( pt r th nn n S t f nd n 24: 135-1 d d t d th n tt b Ep d n r l p z ( n pt r : En rt d . M tt l n n M pl 19 7 h nd f r t n t r l rv f d r S h z r h n Ent l h n G l h ft En rt d nd th r rph l l d pt t n f r : 57- r p r t n Un v r t f C l f rn p bl t n n l M 195 h h l d f n f th U S S nt l 8: 5-117 (Ch l d d [ n n] A d S z M th n ; C b C 191 A t n pt r S v t h S t l t h h p bl n n r d n A r Ann l f th Ent l l S t f 5 3 p [ r n l t d I r l r r f r S nt f A r : 5-71 r n l t n r l 19 3; 593 p ] M zz n ; n G 19 O rv z n rf - bl S 193 St d n br t (A h d b l h l t d pr n l d r pt r l d p r t f th An r n th ph v r S lv . t Ann M n ( S t tr r l ll (Ol v r Un v r t f C l f rn Aph l n d p r t d S t l Ol v ( p bl t n n nt l : 311-35 C d ll tt n d l b r t r d Ent S 1935 r pt n f n n r nd p l A r r ` l pp S lv tr 4 : 1 3-1 f th f l r h r t d ( Ch l d d M n r 19 1 C ntr b t n à l f n d M r d fr th l r t r n th n t 1 t hr ft ` t lé d l br Ann l d l S été für n ndt Ent l 2 : 5 -59 S nt f d r x ll 2 : - 9 S 197 On th n b r f n r nd p M ll r 1935 G rd n p t n l nd A p p l r f Ch l d d ( n pt r n th rld Ent n l f r pr t l rd n r f r r nd h l l t z tt 2 : 1 3-1 C thr n In t t t n r ph : 1- 19 C ll t n nd pr rv n h l d p M rr M 193 Ann l r p rt f th nt l t f r rn l f n t r l h t r 6: 315-33 1937 p rt f th r t r f A r lt r , C pr 19 5 Ch l d d nd b l l ntr l Ch l d ( : - 7 f r : 5-1 M t h l d 1 59 Et d nt l 19 En rt d (In t n pt r n l n f r 1 7 p f l nd . M r d 19 3 h h t b tt rfl ( r r p S ; l nt n E W 19 9 M r d (In t II r t f th b tt rfl III Intr d t n f p r - n pt r — ntr d t n nd r v f n r t th d nd t hn l nd j rn l f n f Ν l nd . n nd t hn l 2 : 1-3 O t n E ; nt ; l tn r G 19 r j 1973 On n p f Ind n r h r ( n pt r r h r t d r h r ( n pt r r h r t d f f n t 24: 1- Or nt l n t 7 75- 9
—5 — Parker, H.L. 19 h r h r l f r p t- b n n D.M. 19 1 h p r t f ll d - r br n r d h l d n Ann l d l S été p ll ph d lt ll n t p n v th f r t Ent l d r n 93 1-379 h n pt r p r t f n d lt p ll d ( - rn ll 19 3 hr ll d ( pt r C d - pt r 3 S n t n th b l nd h t r l t n- d nd th r p r t f nd n th p d f br h p f r p ll ph d lt ll b n n (S r th n p r . r n t n f th l ( n pt r Ann l nd z n f n t r l h Ent l l S t f nd n : 1- 75 t r , n l d n z l , b t n nd l ( 4: 19 h p r t pl x f th t d b tl 117-1 1 r h d t r (M r h (C l pt r r h d n ; h 19 Sp f Aph t f th nd Ap n f r tr br (C l pt r C r - rld ( n pt r Aph l n d S r nt l n d r n t n f th l Ent l l l : 1- 1 S t f nd n 6: 73- C 19 rv l h r t r f r t d O 19 3 A t l f th r t Ch l d d p r d n f th Κ n n l j Α d v n (In t ; n pt r C n d n nt l t, p W t n h pp n 8 : 93-3 5 pl nt 0: 1-1 9 th h ld G 19 t n t h n pt r O; ; ff r Α 19 K t th Ch l- p r t f lph d ( Ent l t d d f Cz h l v (In t n pt r nthl z n 02: 5-9 M r f th Ent l l S t f C n d 4: z n v I 19 5 v f th n r f p r t 1-17 n pt r f th f l S n ph r d ( n - h ll p W ; W 19 1 f h t r t d f pt r Ch l d d [ n n] Ent l h thr j nt r p r t rn l f r lt r l Ob zr n 44: - [En l h tr n l t n Ent r r h 2 : 5- l l r v (W h n t n 44: 5 -51 ] l O 1933 M n fl v n W r nd t p r t h 19 1 Ch l d d n t d n I rh ndl n n n n n j rn l ( ppl. 2: 173- 1 d r l h t n h n. G ll h ft n W n 0: r n l G 19 An ll tr t d d t th f l f 3 -315 Afr n Ch l d d (In t n pt r p rt nt f A r lt r nd h r n b ll t n, S h d Κ Α 19 Biology nd rph l f G n t p bl f S th Afr 39 1- r p ( n pt r M r d n p r t d f th r n r l fh pp r ph t tt x n t p Quezada, J.R.; h ; n 1973 l l Uhl r ( pt r lt ph l d II M rph l nd t x n t d f S n ph r b r n n K nt 0: 7- 7 n p ( n pt r S n ph r d pr r S nd r S S 1 3 r pt n f thr n n r nd p r t f d p n l l rd 4 : 5 3- p f f n t ll d t l t ph , fr C l tt A tr l nd M d r th n t n tz b r J.T.C. 1 5 I hn n n d r r t n- th r p r t nd n th ff n t f th r p t v t n n nt l h r nd f r tl h r z h n r r n t n f th Ent l l S t f 3 rl n v xv 1- 7 nd n 88 : 1- 7 E 19 7 A tr l n n pt r Ch l d d S hr r 19 tr zür l d r n Str t - f l E l ph d bf l El n A tr l n d nl rv n p r t r nd n Ch l d d n Ent j rn l f z l : 1 5-199 l h hr ht nbl tt O t rr h h r nd 197 n pt r ( p b nt Ch pt r S h z r Ent l n 2: 3- 9 37 pp 7-959 n ` h In t f A tr l M l- Sh f S A ; zv S 19 5 x n n t n b rn CSI O Ind n Aph l n d ( n pt r Ch l d d -K r v M.N. 1933 M th d n zür Unt r- M tt l n n d r S h z r h n Ent l h n h n v n W rh n pt r n ndb h d r b G ll h ft : 79-3 1 l h n Arb t th d r 9 7- 5 S lv tr 19 C ntr b z n ll n nz b l b rt L.I.N. 1979 l f Chr d x r d l n tt r p r t I. l d l t t x ( p d pt r t d n l nd tr n t ll ( ( n t pr l n r Ann l l nd nt l t 7 5 -5 d ll S l S p r r A r lt r d rt (2 19 3 l l ntr l n th r r p l - 6: 1-51 br n p r t d t t x l t . r d 1911 C ntr b z n ll n nz d l n tt n f th th f S n C n r : 199 d nn d l r b nt II l (L.).
-55- ll tt n d l b r t r d l G n r l S d r S 1795 r fn n p t n tt n t r A r r della . S l S p r r d A r lt r : l bl nd In t rn h r nd t l n pt r 7-319 K n l Sv n t n p d n ndl r 1915 C ntr b t ll n nz d l n tt 1 1- d ll l v d ll Er tr d ll Afr r d n l Bol S z O.H. 19 h M x n r r p r t l t n d l b r t r d l G n r l A r r (E pl tr pl t h p n . pl nt r r rd della . S l S p r r d A r lt r : -33 28: 31 -3 191 C ntr b z n ll n nz d l nr Sz l n G 1959 n p f d nt r r p ör t r ( n pt r Ch l d d l G b ( Ch l d d A t z l A d l tt n d l b r t r d l G n r l A r r S nt r n r : 1 1-1 della . S l S p r r d A r lt r : 17 -1 1971 t n r t d n r th d r p- S n 197 h p th t pl p d t f t n f n p ( Ch l d d lt f t n l r ph 8( : 9 - 97 th z l l r r h f r K z b n M n l S rz p z n M 197 M t p t rr A t z l A d S nt r n r 1 95 ( n pt r r d t rph l 17 119-137 b l nd n n f n t hr ft für 197 M n l n r t d ( n pt r Ch l- n ndt Entomologie : - 15 d d III A t z l A d S nt r Sp n l M 1 11 E d n n v ll l f t n d n r 397- 5 pl l p r Annales d Muséum t n l d'His- toire Naturelle ( r : 13 -15 Tachikawa, T.; l nt n E W 19 9 A n p f St ff n 1953 pè r nç d lt h ll - Aph rph ( n pt r En rt d p r t n ( én ptèr Ch l d d ( t Cahiers d n d p n l fr l nd l nd Naturalistes (n. . 8: 7-1 33-3 j rn l f n 2: 535-5 197 E h l d d b n éd t rr né n 19 9b A n n f En rt d fr ( Ch l d d ll t n d l Société Entomolo- l nd ( n pt r Ch l d d l nd gique d r n 8 : 5 - 3 j rn l f n 2: 5 -55 St n E 1 77 r r ürd Β rn t n-In t n 1971: Notes on the Arh p d r p ( n - M tt l n n d r Mün h n r Ent l h n r n pt r ; Ch l d d - En rt d r n t n f th : -3 Sh Ent l l S t : 1-3 Str nd M 19 M ll n n n l t r z l t l r C 1937 h b l l ntr l f n n t n p l nt l . Ar h für Ν t r h ht (Α 2(8 : j An nt f th n t l f- n n b tl nd 3 -75 t p r t pl x nd n 39 p Str nd M 19 h ph l l nt r t n f p r - h rp W.H. 193 On n t p f r p r t r nt rr - t d th th r h t nd th r nfl n n r pr d - l t n b t n n n t ( h l d p r t nd t h t t v tr t ln W ; Gr th d d , `In t (C d r t l 28: 517-5 p r t d A d r nd n xv +3 9 p ll rd 19 1 h ntr d t n nt l nd f S bb 19 9 A n p f M phr Aph l n l , v l bl p r t f th ll ph ( n pt r r h r t d fr Ind r l nd j rn l f r lt r 3 3-15 d n f th l Ent l l S t f n 19 1b r r f th r f br d n nd d - d n( 8: 11 -11 tr b t n f Aph l n l n l nd 197 d r pt n f l t r h G r lt nd Ax- l nd j rn l f r lt r 2 : 31-3 nth G r lt th d r pt n f n p f 19 3 h p r t f th ll ph n l t r h fr r (E r t d n pt r l nd r r f th r f d tr b t n Aph l rn l f nt l ( 42: 199- n l d r n th n 19 -19 3 l nd S nj v E S 19 Ch l d ( n pt r Ch l d - fr t r r nd p r t. pr nt p d p r t f d ( pt r C d n 19 h p r t f th ll ph n th f n f th USS [ n n] r d l h l nd r r f th r f d tr b t n Aph l In t t t A d SSS : 1-1 n l d r n th n 19 3-19 l nd S n D.I. 1973 Ev l t n f b l l ntr l f th fr t r r nd p r t. pr nt 7 p l f n r h ll n r t r n ll ( ll ( p 19 5 Aph l n l . tr b t n f th p r t Gr ll r d n l nd ll t n f nt f th ll ph n l nd d r n th n l l r r h 6 : 9-55 19 - 5 l nd fr t r r nd p r t. p
-5 -- b rl 191 v n f th p r t h n- 1971: Entomology of the Aucklands and other pt r n t f th n Aph M r th l nd th f l nd n pt r M r- n t f r l t d n r r d n f th d f n t n r ph 7 3 7-333 Un t d St t t n l M 0: 5 1- 1975 Add t n nd rr t n t h n pt r 19 r pt n f n h l d-fl fr h p rp r t n ph d n l nd nd M x ( n pt r r d n f l nd nt l t 6: 59- 1 th n Ent l l S t : 395- 17 l nt n E W ; W l r A K 19 3 hr f l f 19 9 hr n p f th h n pt r n pt r n t l nd l nd f l En rt d fr S th W l Un v r t nt l t 7 397- f C l f rn p bl t n n nt l : 5-1 rl G C 1937 r pt n f th nd l rv f 19 1 En rt d f th M r nd S t f r p f h l d d n pt r p r t n I l nd ( n pt r Ch l d d O n l th n p d llfl r d n f th l Ent p p r f th rn h h p M 6: l l S t f nd n ( 6: 1 -13 15- 3 n G 19 p l zz z n nt p r t dd 1957 In d n nd p r t f n t p t n l n E l f d ( Ch l d d Ent ph f r f r r p n W r r p nd 9 111-11 M n t 1955-5 l nd rn l f n 1971 r h l n pt r Ch l d d nd t hn l 8: 7 -7 7 ××I× tr t h n r z n ρ l dr d l 195 In d n nd p r t f n t p t f (E l ph d p r t f d dr r t (L.) r f r r p n W r r p n - ( C d ll d ll tt n d l b r t r d En t nd r n 195 -57 l nd j rn l f t l A r r l pp S lv tr 9 - 9 r lt r l r r h : 7- 5 197 r h l n pt r Ch l d d 1959 In d n nd p r t f n t p t f M t r l p r n r v n d l nr Ol t r f r r p n th rth I l nd - v l t n f W l ( r h r t d 1 p tr l n d t 1955-5 n l nd j rn l f r l d r tt d A A G r lt ll t n d l b r t r d t r l r r h 13- Ent l A r r ` l pp S lv tr : 1 - 1 n 197 A l ht- ht M l tr p Ent 19 1 r t nd n tr p l p f Ol l l n 8 : 39- 7 t W l r ( n pt r r h r t d l r pp A 19 h b l f r l p h l n S l t n d l b r t r d Ent l A r r ` l ( n pt r r l p d pr r p r t f pp S lv tr 8: 1 1-11 d pr n n M dd. ( n pt r pr n d 19 n f th Aph l n d Ann l r v n Q b th d r pt n f th nd l rv l f nt l 2 : 57- 7 t C n d n nt l t 4: 1 5 -1 7 n G ; M zz n 197 M rf l b l t l zz z n d r p lt ll l h r n ( Valentine, E.W. 19 3 r rd f h n pt r Aph l n d p r t t ntr d tt n It l p r p r t f pt r n l nd l nd l l tt b l l l r d tr (A h ll t j rn l f n 6: -13 t n d l b r t r d Ent l A r r ` l pp 19 ff r nt l h t r l t n f th x n S lv tr : 99-1 1 l nd p f p r t n pt r l ; nt r 19 C r tér t n rph l - Ν l nd nt l t ( : - d r p t pè d nr r h r 19 A n p f C ntr d r ( n - W t d p 5-75 n ` r h r 1 r pt r Aph l n d p r t p n th f S l S p Int rn t n l Ant b p p tr l W l r ( pt r n d l nd j rn l f n 9 331-335 Walker, F. 1 3 M n r ph h l d t Ent l 19 7 A l t f th h t f nt ph n t t z n : 1 - 9 f l nd l nd j rn l f n 0: 1 37 M n r ph h l d t Ent l t 11 -1 1 z n 4: 3 9-3 39- 1 1970a: The present status of taxonomic entomo 1 39 M n r ph h l d t nd n l p l n l nd n pt r -h t r l rv 1 t f th p n f h n pt r Ν l nd nt l t 4( : 7- 5 n t n th ll t n f th r t h M ; pt 1970b: A list of the phytophagous Hymenoptera in Ch l d t dd t n l p nd n p - v + l nd l nd nt l t 4: 5 - 1- 37
-57- 1 51 t n Ch l d t nd d r pt n f 1968: A new l t d nt ( n pt r Ch l d- v r n p Ann l nd z n f n t r l d A n d fr nn ll I l nd h n t r l h h t r (2 : 1 - 1 t r f nn ll l l nd, r t h S l n l l nd : . 1871: Notes on Chalcidae. Torymidae & Chalcidi- 1977 Ind -M l n nd p n f p ( n - d 3 nd n p 37-5 pt r Ch l d d 7 A n d nl ht t W l h ; l C 1 9 h j nt r (I l ht l h M d d l n n 2: 137-159 h rd Η rr A r n nt l t : 1 9-15 1979: Co-evolution of figs and their insect pollinators. W lt r G Η 19 3 ` v r nt l nt n n Aph- Ann l r v f l nd t t 0: 1-1 l n d ( n pt r Ch l d d pl f d 1982a: Fig wasps (Hymenoptera). Chapter 14. l f t n nd t d v l t n r n M n r ph b l 42: 735-755 l l j rn l f th nn n S t : 3- 1982b: The phylogeny of the Agaonidae (Hymeno- W t r t n 19 9 On h l d d p r t br d fr pt r Ch l d d th rl nd j rn l f z l 3 fl l rv r t l 2 : 1 3-1 95- 11 W t d O 1 3 r pt n f v r l n r t h f r n t th p r t h n pt r n t Yos imo o, C.M. 1975 Cr t h l d d f l fr h l ph l z n ( : 1 7-1 9 C n d n b r C n d n nt l t 0 : 99-5 1833 a: Descriptions of several new British forms 19 h f l nd bf l f C n d n h l- n t th p r t h n pt r n t h l d d p n pt r Ch l d d h n t ph l z n ( 2: 3- 5 nd r hn d f C n d 2: 1-1 9 1833b: Descriptions of several new British forms n t th p r t h n pt r n t h l ph l z n ( . 3 -3 e e , . 1 9 v n jz n b tr jd n d r rd r W b 19 3 Ind -M l n nd p n f p Ar h f v r d v S r nd tr 4( : 9 - 9 p1 ( n pt r Ch l d d h n l t f 9-11 [ l M d d l n n v n h t r f t t n d nt S nd r (A n d l h M d d l O t v (n. . 2 : 1 -1 pl 1 f 9-11 (G r lt 1911 n n 8: 3 -3 1 p 15 ]
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r h ph r dd M d t v a i io aceae l n t rtr x x n o ici ae
S t l f n l C n l t A iaceae r h r t d b tr Ep ph p tv tt n o ici ae
n l ff n l A iaceae r h r t d pp. Chr d x r oc ui ae
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Uf n p. u k ow Cica e i ae A e i a e I sec os s o C a ci oi ea — associa io s me io e i e I o uc io a u e ami ies e iewe w e e s eci ic i e i ies o ei e os s o a asi oi s a e o k ow , g ou ames a e gi e . Α is i c u i g c a ci s ecies o a ea i g i e e is gi e y a e i e ( 6 , . ese u ica io s a e e sou ce o mos o e eco s a ea i g e e o e s a e ake om e u u is e eco s o E.W. a e i e.
os a asi oi a asi oi ami y os a asi oi a asi oi ami y
CO EO E A COCCI AE CE AM YCI AE C r pl t l n l E x nth ll ph l pp A e i i ae l pp d l E nd l b rt l Eu e mi ae C r pl t n n C ph hr A e i i ae Cu cu io i ae C ph t ll r A e i i ae G n pt r t ll t An ph n t n Myma i ae En r tr n A e i i ae E x nth ll ph l pp A e i i ae I E A C h p r d M r t r fl v E cy i ae CECI OMYII AE C ph t ll r A e i i ae M t l d tr t r d b p n Eu o i ae En r tr n A e i i ae E x nth ll ph l pp A e i i ae EMI E A Ct n h t n p rf r t t r ptr x s . A e i i ae A EY O I AE E x nth ll ph l pp A e i i ae A t r h t n p tt p r C l s . A e i i ae rth n l n p r E x nth ll ph l pp A e i i ae l z l En r f r A e i i ae lv n r ?h dr n C ph t ll r A e i i ae r l r d v p r r r Aph l n p A e i i ae E x nth ll ph l pp A e i i ae En r f r A e i i ae lv n r sρ. E x nth ll ph l pp A e i i ae En r p r nd ll A e i i ae S t ff C ph hr A e i i ae A I I AE E x nth ll ph l pp A e i i ae A rth ph n nd Aph l n h A e i i ae S t l C ph hr A e i i ae Aph l n bd n l A e i i ae E x nth ll ph l pp A e i i ae Aph n r Aph l n p A e i i ae M r t r fl v E cy i ae C p t ph r l n Aph l n p A e i i ae IAS I I AE Er l n r Aph l n l A e i i ae A n d ll r nt Aph t h l n A e i i ae M r ph ph rb Aph l n bd n l A e i i ae Aph t hr ph l A e i i ae Aph l n h A e i i ae En r tr n A e i i ae x pt r r nt Aph l n p A e i i ae En r p rn A e i i ae x pt r tr d Aph l n p A e i i ae S n ph r fl v p ll t Sig i o i ae b r l d nn l t Aph l n bfl v n A e i i ae S n ph r r t Sig i o i ae AS E O ECA II AE A p d t h d r Aph t h l n A e i i ae A t r d p v r l br l p d l nn E cy i ae En r tr n A e i i ae CICA E I AE A l p r En r tr n A e i i ae u k ow Aph l n d s . ic og amma i ae U k ow Abl r s . A e i i ae Ol t s . ic og amma i ae t r ptr x s . A e i i ae Uf n s . ic og amma i ae b rl r p x Aph t s . A e i i ae CICA I AE Αph t h l n A e i i ae A ph p lt n l t nth s . Eu y omi ae C ph d s . A e i i ae S n ph r fl v p ll t Sig i o i ae S n ph r r t Sig i o i ae
p d ph l Aph t t l p d A e i i ae IC EUMO I AE En r tr n A e i i ae d ll r E p l n Eu e mi ae p pp. En r tr n A e i i ae t r ptr x pp. A e i i ae E I O E A
p tr t En r tr n A e i i ae E AC IS I AE t r ptr x pp. A e i i ae C t r h n El p. E asmi ae nd n p r Aph t n t A e i i ae GEOME I AE En r tr n A e i i ae Ur ph t p l n l Antr ph l p. C a ci i ae En r b l A e i i ae G ACI A II AE rl t r f ll r En r tr n A e i i ae h ll n r t r n ll A hr h r d l tr ll Eu o i ae rl t r p tt p r Aph t h l n A e i i ae OC UI AE En r tr n A e i i ae Chr d x r C p d fl r d n E cy i ae h n p n En r tr n A e i i ae r h r t d p. ic og amma i ae Q dr p d t tr f r Aph t t l p d A e i i ae l v rp r r r h r t d p. ic og amma i ae En r tr n A e i i ae h n pl r h l C p d fl r d n E cy i ae Q dr p d t p rn Aph t t l p d A e i i ae IE I AE Aph t d p d A e i i ae r r p t r l p p r e oma i ae En r tr n A e i i ae Y A I AE En r p rn A e i i ae S l d rd l r h r t d p. ic og amma i ae E IOCOCCI AE O ICI AE U k ow t r ptr x p. A e i i ae Ct n p t bl n r h r f n l t ic og amma i ae SEU OCOCCI AE r h r pp. ic og amma i ae p r l n t Ch rt r p. Sig i o i ae C d p n ll r h r f n l t ic og amma i ae d l n p n C ph rn A e i i ae Ep ph p tv tt n r h r ph C a ci i ae ICA II AE r h r t t C a ci i ae S l p p tr l C ntr d r l p p A e i i ae r h r f n l t ic og amma i ae r h r pp. ic og amma i ae YME O E A r h r t d b tr ic og amma i ae A E I I AE l n t rtr x x n r h r f n l t ic og amma i ae En r p rn (f En r p rn (m A e i i ae r h r t d p. ic og amma i ae En r pp. ( En r pp. ( A e i i ae En r p. E x nth ll ph l pp (m A e i i ae ASMI A E x nth ll ph l pp ( E x nth ll ph l pp (m A e i i ae MA I AE
t r ptr x p. E x nth ll ph l pp (m A e i i ae Orth d r n tr l E p l nt p d Eu e mi ae t r ptr x pp. ( t r ptr x pp. (m A e i i ae h t d p. o ymi ae En r s . (m A e i i ae d r n p. o ymi ae E x nth ll ph l pp (m A e i i ae ACO I AE O O E A U k ow E p l p. Eu e mi ae E IGO II AE CY I I AE C n ph l v tt t C ntr d r x ph d A e i i ae h n h p h r d M r n r v l r Eu e mi ae E CY I AE YSA O E A M t ph t b rl E x nth ll ph l pp (m A e i i ae I I AE tr n d p. E x nth ll ph l pp (m A e i i ae U k ow M phr pp. ic og amma i ae I US A IO S
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—6 — igu es 2 26 I us a io s o iag os ic ea u es om e ese a i es o c a ci oi ami ies.
Agao i ae: 2 r d t b tr v ntr , ema e, a i us, e si e l t d nt p r l , ema e, a i us, ig si e 4 . p r l , ma e, a i us, e si e. A e i i ae: Abl r s ., e o ewi g, ema e 6 Abl r s ., a e a, ema e , 8 Aph l n l a e ae, ma e a ema e A. l , ase o ig o ewi g, ema e.
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— — -7 - ( 7
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A e i i ae: 40,4 E x nth ll ph l pp n , a i us, o sa , ma e a ema e 42 t r ptr x s ., a i us, o sa , ema e 4 46 t r ptr x s ., a e a, ma e a a ia s o ema e. C a ci i ae: 4 Antr ph l p., a i us, e si e 48 r h r ph , i eg, ema e 4 r n r p., e o e wi g, ema e.
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E asmi ae: 0 El p., a i us, e si e, ema e El p., a e a, ma e. E cy i ae: 2 Arrh n ph h n p d , ig o ewi g, ema e A tr h r p., a i us, e si e, ema e. Eu e mi ae: 4 E p l nt p d , a i us, e si e E nd l b rt l , a i us, o sa , ema e 6 M r n r v l r , a i us, o sa , ema e n b p., o a , e si e, ema e.
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Eu y omi ae: 8 Ax nth p., a i us, o sa , ema e Ax nth p., a e a, ma e 60 Ax nth p., ig o ewi g ase, ma e 6 r h ph , a i us, e si e, ema e 62,6 S t l f n l , a e ae, ma e a ema e 64 tr p., a i us, o sa , ema e 6 tr p., a e a, ma e.
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ic og amma i ae: 84 Aph l n d s ., e o ewi g, ema e 8 ,86 Aph l n d s ., a e a, i e a ou e as ec s, ma e a ema e 8 r h s ., e o ewi g, ema e 88,8 r h s ., a e a, ema e a ma e 0 r h s ., o a , o sa , ema e, s owi g me ia su cus thr r s ., ig o ewi g, ema e 2, thr r s ., a e a, ema e a ma e 4 M phr s . A, e ai o wi gs, ema e M phr s . A, a e a, ema e.
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ic og amma i ae: 6 M phr p. , ig o ewi g, ema e M phr p. , a e a, ema e 8 Ol t p., same Ol t p., e o ewi g, ema e 00 d r n p., o a a gas e , o sa , ema e 0 d r n p., e o ewi g, ema e 02, 0 d r n p., a e a, ema e a ma e 04 r h r p., e o ewi g, ema e ( ei ack S acke e 0 r h r p., a e a, ema e 06 0 r h r pp., a e ae, ma e.
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ic og amma i ae: 0 r h r s ., e o ewi g, ema e ( ei ack S acke e , 2 r h r s ., a e a, ema e a ma e r h r t d s ., e o ewi g, ema e 4, r h r t d s ., a e a, ema e a ma e 6 r h r t s ., a e a, ema e r h r t s ., e o ewi g, ema e 8 Uf n s ., e o ewi g, ema e , 20 Uf n s ., a e a, ma e a ema e 2 l r l t , e o ewi g, ema e.
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ic og amma i ae: 22 Zelogramma maculatum, a e a, i e a ou e as ec s, ema e 2 Ζ l t , o a a gas e , o sa as ec , ema e 24 Ζ l t , a e a, ma e 2 Ζ l t , ma e ge i a ia, a o ase a ae eagus. Myma omma i ae: 26 Palaeomymar insulare, a i us, o sa , ema e (com osi e awi g om a e i e .
—88 A O OMIC I E A ph n 3 n l t , A ph p lt 33 h , Aph l n C rr p l All n n l t x v r d n th t xt tr , n b 31 r nd x d n l d n h t t x nd r nt , A n d ll 3 3 r rdl f th r t t n t x n- x pt r tr d , x pt r r l n t , p tr n , En r 0 n b r th th ff x 3 3 tr l n , rd l 3 l p , C ntr d r ` r th n h h t x n 19 tr l , S l p p C ph d 1 19 d t n b r n b ld t p 1 1 A tr l r 6 nd t th t rt f j r d r pt v C ph t n b r n t l t p nd - A tr h r 4 17 1 19 C t p n h h t x n f - A tr t x 35 8 3 Ax nth 3 6 r l , A tr t x r d 33 35 z l , l ff , S t Az t ll n , Ol t 5 C p d 7 bbr v t , E nd l 3 r l 3 C pr 1 bd n l , Ent d n (Aph rd l 3 rd l , S l d l n b rt l , E ndάl 3 6 , r ll , Cr t 1 Abl r 1 19 6 b l , t t 37 8 Ct n h t n 3 bn r rn , C ph 1 b d r , I hn n 1 r l n , E r t 31 A 9 b l v t , r h r n , l nd n 3 , r h ph 33 6 b l r, E pl tr n , E p l 3 t , M l tt b b tt t , S ph l 3 A hr h r d b l r , M t h r h ll 3 l t , M t 80 b p n t t , t r l d l nn , br l p 9 7 Ad l n rt d b r l , r h ph 33 d tr t r, h t ph 9 d n ph r , E p t r 1 r h 3 82, 8 d p d , Aph t 68 A n d 7 13 15 1 r h r 5 l ph A n n 15 1 r h ph 31 3 33 d d t , , t r ptr x 3 Al pt 1 br nn v ntr , E r t 3 p r n 3 lb l v , E tr h ll 3 pl l p 31 lb p nn , S t l 33 C l 1 19 1 68 rh n l n p nn ll , C l ph r 31 C r phr t 35 d p r, ntr b l , r d 1 r , 15 d v r t , b 3 n , C ntr d r 1 C r h l 1 d b r , M r An r d 13 8 C rp d t 1 An ph 37 C l n n 3 El d 7 1 An t t d 31 C ntr d r 1 19 1 El 4 nn l t , b r l d C r phr n d 1 l n , C p t ph r nt p d , r d C r ph l n 3 En r 17 1 19 3 0 E p l 3 C r pl t 3 En rt d 7 1 13 1 17 Antr ph l 5 73 Ch t t h 3 Aph l n d 7 1 13 1 17 Ch l d d 13 5 En rt n 7 1 Ch l En rt 7 Aph l n d 3 82 Ch rt r 3 79 Ent d nt n Aph l n 1 19 68 h l n , Aph t 64 Ep hr ll n 15 1 Aph t 17 1 19 68 h n p d , Arrh n ph 6 , p n , d b 9 Ap n 31 4 r , Ent d n t , r t h Chl r t 31 r , Chr d x 9 7 v l n , dr ph l t Chr h r E l pt 9 r h n , C t Chr l p n 35 3 E h l d r r , l v rp hr ph l , Aph t E d r n
- 9- n d , tt p r 1 M n d nt r n 39 E l ph d 7-9 1 27, 37 b l , En r M n d nt r 39 E l ph d nd , A rth ph n n n , Cr t 1 E n t n 3 h l , A tr t x 3 ll r , d 3 E p l d 1 13 1 15 άf r , Ch rt r 3 9 l n t , l M r d 7-9 11 1 13 34, E p l 29, 30k, 31 l n r , Er 9 37 ph rb , M r ph l r ll , C l ph r r p nn , M phr 5 E r t 33 l r n ll , Chr h r M r t d 7 1 13 E r t d 7 1 31 3 thr r n M r t d 7 1 E r t n 32 thr r 3 8 M n n 17 E nd l 2 , 30 l tr ll , A hr h r d 9 t l p d , Aph t E tr h ll 1 3 p E x nth ll , 3 l n r , tr 3 n n , Ch t t h v n n , r h r 5 d nt r 39 n r , Aph x l , Ar r 3 t t x 9 n r , Ax nth 33 x n , l n t rtr x l n f ll , d nt r n r , r h r 7 80 n t n , An ph 9 f t p nn , d r n 5 l n p n , d 9 n , C l 1 f rn , lt ll 5 l p z , Ep d n r 7 9 15 bl n , Ct n p t fl b ll t , E l ph M r n 3 hr , C ph 6 fl v p ll t , S n ph r 3 M r n r 9 30 ff n l , n l 3 fl v , M r t r 7 l t , t t x 9 l , S t l ll l t , C n 3 Ol t 3 5 84 fl r d n , C p d 9 7 l r 7 8 , Oph l f n l , S t l 3 77 88 Oph n r f r , En r 9 17 l p , M r n r 3 tr f r , Q dr p d t f n l t , r h r l , Aph l n 9 6 x nth , Cr t 1 n h t , h n 7 n l t , S t l 34 r l , Ur ph t p l n l h t d 39 80 bb , r h ph 33, 40 5 l r l b l , E l pt 28 ll , t r ptr x r h t tr h 7 p , Aph l n 20 rn , A 33 rt h n l n 3 rn , C ph 9, 22, 64 d l , l pp 3 p rf r t , Ct n h t n 3 M phr 1 3 5 p r nd ll , En r 3 b 41 8 ,84 r l p d 1 35 h b , Or l 30 M t n 1 r l p n 35 h d r , A p d t 20 M t 39 p rn , En r 3 0 r d t 16k n n , E p l 30 p rn , Q dr p d t 0 h p r d , C 22, 27 nz , d t 1 3 h l , Aph l n 20 r t , S n ph r 39 , 80 p rpl x , d nt r h p r h r d , h n 31 M l t 1 ph l pp , E x nth ll 3 7 n ll , h ll n r t r 9 ph , r h r 5 73 rb , tr 3 n , M r n r 31 p tt p r , A t r h t n 1 n t , Aph t M t ph 7 rl t r p r l , l t d nt 1 , n tr l , Orth d r 30, l t d nt 16k 66 n t , p 5 d r n 39 1 8 n l r , l r 88 r , h t d d r n n 39 nt r d , r h r M t r n 3 d rp 1 , Ax nth 33 M n d nt r n 13 39 p l t v ntr , r n r 5
-90- p l n l r l , Ur ph t Sp l h l v l r , M r n r 31 5 pl nd n , En 9 l r 3 d r n 1 l , Al r nth 1 p n ll , C d St th n 8 r p b tr v ntr , r d t 1 , x ph d , C ntr d r 1 6 p tv tt n , Ep ph 66 r n r 5 73 bf t , M r v 3 l r 3 47 pr p , r d t 1 bfl v n , Aph l n r t tr p d 11 1 S ph n 15 p n , Β l t ph 15 S n r 3 d r n 3 45, 84, 8 S t 3 t r l d 7 15 36, 37 6 S t l 31 3 33 t r l n 3 t r ptr x 1 19 23, 2, n t t d 7 lv n r 3 t n t , C p d p 7 p p r , t r l 9 3 64 tr p d 37 tr n n 7 Q dr t h d ll tr n d 3 tr 31 3 3 77 r p , r 9 3 tr t h n rap ax, b rl 39 t t , r h r 5 r p n , A r p r n 3 th n , Chr l p 35 r f l 33 t b rl , M t ph 3 h n p lt ll n b 31, l n 3 b 3 r b r, Q r 9 t rtr , r h r t r dd , r h ph 33 r d 7 13 1 39 6 r , E r t 31 r d 13 39 r , nd n p 1 r d 39 41, 8 t t 37 r 39 41 t t d 1 37 r h r - 45, 8 , r b n , 1 17 86 r br f r, r h r 5 r h r t d 7 11 1 r br p , r h r 5 13 r , r h r t n r h r t d 3 S t 3 46, 86 t v , M d 33 r h r t 3 l p p , C ntr d r 1 6 46, 86, 8 t ll r , C ph r h l p 64 Ent d n tr l r, En r thr r t ll t , G n pt r 9 Uf n 3 47, 8 f p nn , Aph l n d l , p d ph v tt t , C n ph l 1 t l , r d h r 1 h ll n rth , 3 S n ph r 3 v p r r r , r l r d 9 S n ph r d 7 13 37, 3 17 3 n n , C r pl t v r n , r 1 6 , 8 Sp l n n 3 v r t r, r n 31 p r tr ph , M t v r l , A t r l n 9 7
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S. Noyes & E. W. Valentine is se ies o e e ee occasio a u ica io s as ee es a is e wi wo ma o o ec i es: o e cou age ose wi e e k ow e ge o e eme s i e ew ea a au a o u is co cise ye com e e si e accou s a o o i e a mea s o i e i ica io accessi e o e o s ecia is . I wi ea wi o ma i e i e e a es o y, si ce e e e a es a e we ocume e , a ma i e o ms a e co e e y e se ies Ma i e au a o ew ea a . Co i u o s s ou iscuss ei i e io s wi a a o ia e mem e o e au a A iso y G ou o wi e Se ies E i o e o e comme ci g wo k ( o Fauna of ames a a esses, see age ii . A ecessa y gui a ce wi e gi e . e so s wis i g o ecei e issues o e au a s ou a ess i qui ies o e u ica io s O ice , SI u is i g, .O. o 4 , We i g o , ew ea a , New Zealand w o wi mai ai s a i g o e s i ee ca ego ies, as o ows. A — a i oice wi e se o eac um e , as soo a e u ica io as ossi e. — esse ia y as o A , u i oices wi e se o y o ose um e s i a omi a e ie o i e es (e.g., ee es o y, mi es o y . C — u a e ca a ogues a o e o ms wi e se om ime o ime. O e s s ou e accom a ie y u ayme ices quo e a e o su ace mai . ew ea a su sc i e s ay i $ (GS is i c u e i e ice . ι O e seas su sc i e s s ou ay e is e ice i US$, o equi a e .
ECK IS O A A I I o. e e a ia (I sec a: ysa o e a , y au e ce A. Mou & A e e K. Wa ke . u is e 2 ecem e 82. 20 . ice $2 . . o. 2 Oso ii ae (I sec a: Co eo e a: S a y i i ae , y . au i e McCo . u is e 2 ecem e 82. Seco im essio May 8 . 6 . ice $ 8.60. O UC IO o. A i i ae (I sec a: Co eo e a , y . A. o oway. u is e 2 ec em e 82. Seco im essio e ua y 8 . 2 2 . ice $4 .00. o. 4 E io yoi ea e ce E io yi ae (A ac i a: Aca i , y .C.M. Ma so . u is e 2 o em e 84. 44 . ice $2 . . o. E io yi ae (A ac i a: Aca i: E io yoi ea , y .C.M. Ma so . u is e 4 o em e 84. 28 . ice $2 . . o. 6 y ae i ae (I sec a: Co eo e a , y .G. O is . u is e 2 o em e 84. 64 . ice $ 8.60. o. C y os igma a (A ac i a: Aca i — a co cise e iew, y M. u o . u is e 8 ecem e 8 . 2 . ice $2 . . o. 8 Ca i o i ae (I sec a: i e a , y ames . ea . u is e 24 e u a y 86. 88 . ice $ 8.60. o. o u a (I sec a , y S. . u e . u is e 24 e ua y 86. 2 . ice ESC I IO S $ 8.60. o. 0 u u i e a (I sec a: ysa o e a , y au e ce A. Mou & A e e K. Wa ke . u is e 22 Se em e 86. 44 . ice $ 4.6 . Νο. seu ococci ae (I sec a: emi e a , y .M. Co . u is e A i 8 . 2 2 . ice $4 . . o. 2 om i i ae (I sec a: yme o e a , y A.C. a is. u is e o OS ECO S em e 8 . 60 . ice $ . . o. E cy i ae (I sec a: yme o e a , y .S. oyes. u is e May 88. 2 . ice $44. . o. 4 e i o e a — a o a e ca a ogue, a keys o ami y g ou a a, y .S. ug a e. u is e 2 Se em e 88. 264 . ice $4 . . o. Am osi i ae (I sec a: yme o e a: ia ii ae , y I. . auma . u is e 0 ecem e 88. 68 . ice $ . . US A IO S o. 6 e icu i ae (I sec a: e i o e a , y a s o e & C is o e Wi ki so . u is e 28 A i 8 . 2 . ice $22. . o. Myma i ae (I sec a: yme o e a — i o uc io , a e iew o ge e a, y .S. oyes & E.W. a e i e. u is e 28 A i 8 . 00 . ice $24. . o. 8 C a ci oi ea (I sec a: yme o e a — i o uc io , a e iew o ge e a i sma e ami ies, y .S. oyes & E.W. a e i e. u ica io a e o e a ou ce . 2 . ice $24. .
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