University of Connecticut OpenCommons@UConn Doctoral Dissertations University of Connecticut Graduate School 11-5-2019 From King Solomon to Ian Smith: Rhodesian Alternate Histories of Zimbabwe Edward Guimont University of Connecticut - Storrs,
[email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/dissertations Recommended Citation Guimont, Edward, "From King Solomon to Ian Smith: Rhodesian Alternate Histories of Zimbabwe" (2019). Doctoral Dissertations. 2342. https://opencommons.uconn.edu/dissertations/2342 From King Solomon to Ian Smith: Rhodesian Alternate Histories of Zimbabwe Edward Paul Guimont, PhD University of Connecticut, 2019 In the eleventh century CE, the Shona people of Central Africa built the city of Great Zimbabwe, an administrative center and royal home. Connected to the Indian Ocean gold trade, it would become the largest pre-colonial city in sub-Saharan Africa. However, due to environmental factors, it entered into decline and was ultimately abandoned by the start of the sixteenth century – the period in which the first Portuguese expeditions crossed the Cape of Good Hope and came in contact with the region. The fact that this city entered into decline just as Europeans encountered it set it up to become the center of a number of fantastical legends about its origins, typically linking it with the Biblical King Solomon and his gold mine of Ophir. Most prior studies of the “foreign builder hypothesis” have simply focused on the fact that white supremacist ideologies of colonial explorers and settlers tended to reject the idea that Africans could have built a city like Great Zimbabwe. This study instead focuses on how successive regimes in Central Africa (Arab, Portuguese, Afrikaner, British, Rhodesian, and Zimbabwean) approached the legend of Great Zimbabwe, and highlighted different aspects of it for their own political ends.