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US 20140234454A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. N0.2 US 2014/0234454 A1 ASIEDU et al. (43) Pub. Date: Aug. 21, 2014 (54) COMPOSITION FOR TREATING AIDS AND Publication Classi?cation ASSOCIATED CONDITIONS (51) Int. Cl. (71) Applicant: WILFRED-RAMIX, INC., A61K 36/185 (2006.01) Bridgewater, NJ (US) A61K 36/888 (2006.01) A61K36/22 (2006.01) (72) Inventors: William ASIEDU, Accra (GH); (52) us CL Frederick Asiedu, Accra (GH); Manny CPC ............. .. A61K 36/185 (2013.01); A61K 36/22 Elwin, Accra (GH); Michael Nsiah (2013.01); A61K 36/888 (2013.01) DouduACCIa (GH); CharlesAntwi USPC ........................................................ .. 424/769 Boateng, Accra (GH); Kwasi Appiah-Kubi, Accra (GH); Seth Opoku (57) ABSTRACT Ware, Accra (GH); Debrah Boateng, An Aids and associated conditions related to Aids treating Accra (GH); Ko? Ampim, Accra (GH); compositions is disclosed. The compositions comprise: a William Owusu, Accra (GH); Akwete medicament selected from an extract of at least one of the Lex Adjei, Bridgewater, NJ (U S) following plant families; Apocynaceae (Pleioscarpa Bicar pellata); Annonaceae (Cleistopholis Patens); Dichapetal (73) Assignee: WILFRED-RAMIX,INC., aceae (Dichapetehan Madagasca Riense); Annoceae (Uvaris Bridgewater, NJ (US) trum Pierreanum); Cynocynaceae (Strophantus Gratus); Asclepiadaceae (Gongronema Latifolium); Combretaceae (21) App1.No.: 14/261,171 (Combretum Racemosum); Apocynaceae (Alostonia Boonei); Amaranthaceae (Alternanthera Pungens); Aroceae (22) Filed: Apr. 24, 2014 (Anchomanes Differmis); Cyperaceae (Seleria Voivinil); Anacardiaceae (Lannea Acida); Bignoniaceae (Kigelia Afri cana); Bombacaceae (Ceiba Pentanota); Anarcardiaceae Related US. Application Data (Antrocaryon Micraster); Bombacaceae (Bombax Bounopo (60) Division of application No. 13/949,613, ?led on Jul. zense); Anarcardiaceae (Spondias Mombin); Caricaceae 24, 2013, now Pat. No. 8,771,763, Which is a division (Carica Papaya); a glyceryl ester of any of the foregoing of application No. 12/828,956, ?led on Jul. 1, 2010, extracts; a saponin of any of the foregoing extracts; an alka nOW abandoned, Which is a continuation of application loid of any of the foregoing extracts; a protein of any of the No. 10/902,993, ?led on Jul. 30, 2004, nOW Pat. No. foregoing extracts; a fat of any of the foregoing extracts; a 7,749,544, Which is a continuation of application No. sugar of any of the foregoing extracts; and any mixture of any 10/241,973, ?led on Sep. 12, 2002, nOW abandoned. of the foregoing. US 2014/0234454 A1 Aug. 21,2014 COMPOSITION FOR TREATING AIDS AND tional serious conditions in the syndrome, as well as to further ASSOCIATED CONDITIONS improve the speci?city of the de?nition used for reporting cases. CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED [0007] The current case de?nition of AIDS has provided APPLICATIONS useful data on disease trends, because it is precise, consis tently interpreted, and highly speci?c. Other manifestations [0001] The present application is a Divisional of copending of HTLV-III/ LAV infections than those currently proposed to US. patent application Ser. No. 12/828,956, ?led Jul. 1,2010, be reported are less speci?c and less likely to be consistently which is a Continuation of US. patent application Ser. No. reported nationally. Milder disease associated with HTLV-III/ 10/902,993, ?led Jul. 30, 2004, now US. Pat. No. 7,749,544, LAV infections and asymptomatic infections may be report issued Jul. 6, 2010, which is a Continuation of U,S. patent able in some states and cities but will not be nationally report application Ser. No. 10/241,973, ?led Sep. 12, 2002, now able. Because persons with less speci?c or milder abandoned; all of the foregoing applications are incorporated manifestations of HTLV-III/LAV infection may be important herein by reference in their entireties. in transmitting the virus, estimates of the number of such persons are of value. These estimates can be obtained through BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION epidemiologic studies or special surveys in speci?c popula tions. [0002] 1. Field of the Invention [0008] Issues related to the case de?nition of AIDS were discussed by the Conference of State and Territorial Epide [0003] This invention relates to a composition for treating miologists (CSTE) at its annual meeting in Madison, Wis., AIDS and related conditions, and more particular, to a com June 2-5, 1985. The CSTE approved the following resolu position comprising at least one extract of a selected plant. tions [0004] 2. Description of the PriorArt [0009] 1. that the ease de?nition of AIDS used for [0005] Patients with illnesses that, in retrospect, were national reporting continue to include only the more manifestations of acquired immunode?ciency syndrome severe manifestations of HTLV-III/LAV infection; and (AIDS) were ?rst described in the summer of 1981 [CDCi [0010] 2. that the Center For Disease Control (CDC) Pneumocystis pneumoniaiLos Angeles. MMWR 1981, develop more inclusive de?nitions and classi?cations of 30:250-2; CDCiKaposi ’s sarcoma and Pneumocystis pneu HTLV-III/LAV infection for diagnosis, treatment, and monia among homosexual meniNew York City and Cali 0r— prevention, as well as for epidemiologic studies and nia. MMWR 1981, 30:305-8]. A case de?nition ofAIDS for special surveys; and national reporting was ?rst published in the MMWR in Sep [0011] 3. that the following re?nements be adopted in the tember 1982 [CDC-Hepatitis B virus vaccine safety: report of case de?nition of AIDS used for national reporting: an inter-agency group MMWR 1982, 311465-67; CDCi [0012] a. In the absence of the opportunistic diseases Update on acquired immune de?ciency syndrome (AIDS) required by the current case de?nition, any of the United States. MMWR 1982, 31:507-14]. Since then the following diseases will be considered indicative of de?nition has undergone minor revisions in the list of dis AIDS if the patient has a positive serologic or viro eases used as indicators of underlying cellular immunode? logic test for HTLV-III/LAV: ciency [J affe H W, Bregman D J, Selik R M. Acquired immune [0013] 1. disseminated histoplasmosis (not con?ned to de?ciency syndrome in the United States: the ?rst 1,000 lungs or lymph nodes), diagnosed by culture, histology, cases. J Infect Dis 1983, 148:339-45; Jaffe H W, Selik R M. or antigen detection; Acquired immune de?ciency syndrome: is disseminated [0014] 2. isosporiasis, causing chronic diarrhea (over 1 aspergillosis predictive of underlying cellular immune de? month), diagnosed by histology or stool microscopy; ciency?, (Reply to letter), J Infect Dis 1984, 149;829; Selik R [0015] 3. bronchial or pulmonary candidiasis, diagnosed M, Haverkos H W, Curran J W. Acquired immune de?ciency by microscopy or by presence of characteristic white syndrome (AIDS) trends in the UnitedStates, 1978-1982,Am. plaques grossly on the bronchial mucosa (not by culture J Med 1984, 76:493-500; CDC, Update: acquired immuno alone); de?ciency syndrome (AIDS)iUnited States. MMWR 1984, [0016] 4. non-Hodgkins’ lymphoma of high-grade 32:688-91] pathologic type (diffuse, undifferentiated) and of B-cell [0006] Since the 1982 de?nition was published, human unknown immunologic phenotype, diagnosed by T-cell lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associ biopsy; ated virus (HTLV-III/LAV) has been recognized as the cause [0017] 5. histologically con?rmed Kaposi’s sarcoma in of AIDS, The clinical manifestations of (HTLV-III/LAV) patients who are 60 years old or older when diagnosed. infection may be directly attributable to infection with this [0018] b. In the absence of the opportunistic diseases virus or the result of secondary condtions occurring as a required by the current case de?nition, a histologi consequence of immune dysfunction caused by the underly cally con?rmed diagnosis of chronic lymphoid inter ing infection with (HTLV-III/LAV). The range of manifesta stitial pneumonitis in a child (under 13 years of age) tions may include none, nonspeci?c signs and symptoms of will be considered indicative of AIDS unless test(s) illness, autoimmune and neurologic disorders, a variety of for HTLV-III/LAV are negative. opportunistic infections, and several types of malignacy. [0019] c. Patients who have a lymphoreticular malig AIDS was de?ned for national reporting before its etiology nancy diagnosed more than 3 months after the diag was known and has encompassed only certain secondary nosis of an opportunistiic disease used as a marker for conditions that reliably re?ected the presence of a sever AIDS will no longer be excluded as AIDS cases. immune dysfunction. Current laboratory tests to detect [0020] d. To increase the speci?city of the case de? (HTLV-III/LAV) antibody make it possible to include addi nition, patients will be excluded as AIDS cases if they US 2014/0234454 A1 Aug. 21,2014 have a negative result on testing for serum antibody to plaster-like basis part is applied to the wound or swollen area HTLV-III/LAV, have no other type of HTLV-III/LAV about 0.5 cm in thickness. The wound is then bandaged and test with a positive result, and do not have a low the medicine is renewed once or twice a day until fresh ?esh number of T-helper lymphocytes or a low ratio of appears in the wound. Thereafter, the medicine is continu T-helper to T-suppressor lymphocytes. In the absence ously applied but in a dry form until the wound is completely of test results, patients satisfying all other criteria in healed. The extract medicament composition taught by Chen the de?nition will continue to be included. CDC will et al., does not have any impact on AIDS itself as a systemic immediately adopt the above amendments to the case disease. de?nition of AIDS for national reporting. [0021] This revision in the ease de?nition will result in the SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION reclassi?cation of less than 1% of cases previously reported to [0024] The present invention is related to a composition for CDC.
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    Scientific Research and Essay Vol. 5(2), pp. 183-200, 18 January, 2010 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/SRE ISSN 1992-2248 © 2010 Academic Journals Full Length Research Paper Urban flora and ecological characteristics of the Kartal District (Istanbul): A contribution to urban ecology in Turkey Volkan Altay1*, brahim lker Özyiit2 and Celal Yarci2 1Mustafa Kemal University, Science and Arts Faculty, Department of Biology, 31000, Antakya/Hatay/Turkey. 2Marmara University, Science and Arts Faculty, Department of Biology, 34722, Göztepe/Istanbul/Turkey. Accepted 22 October, 2009 For years, ecologists who have been trying to understand the relationship between the organisms with each other and/or their environments, have carried out their researches sometimes far from civilization, sometimes on a desolate island or in a tropical rainforest. Today, about half of the world’s population lives in urban areas. Therefore, most of the ecological problems have been brought to these areas. Nevertheless, in cities, preserving and maintaining natural habitats, providing a place not only to live but also to enjoy and to relax, are possible only by applying the principles and concepts of urban ecology in planning. This study presents the outcomes of unplanned urbanization and possible preventive measures, which could be taken in the Kartal District, Istanbul-Turkey. Moreover, in this study, different kinds of urban habitats within the frontiers of Kartal were described and an inventorial study containing native, exotic and cultivated plant taxa were realized. For this plant inventory of the Kartal District, all the greenery in the area were explored in different seasons. Plant samples were collected, dried, labelled and then determined according to standard herbarium procedures.
  • Plant Species Richness and Composition of a Habitat Island

    Plant Species Richness and Composition of a Habitat Island

    Biodiversity Data Journal 8: e48704 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.8.e48704 Research Article Plant species richness and composition of a habitat island within Lake Kastoria and comparison with those of a true island within the protected Pamvotis lake (NW Greece) Alexandros Papanikolaou‡‡, Maria Panitsa ‡ Division of Plant Biology, Department of Biology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece Corresponding author: Maria Panitsa ([email protected]) Academic editor: Gianniantonio Domina Received: 22 Nov 2019 | Accepted: 07 Jan 2020 | Published: 15 Jan 2020 Citation: Papanikolaou A, Panitsa M (2020) Plant species richness and composition of a habitat island within Lake Kastoria and comparison with those of a true island within the protected Pamvotis lake (NW Greece). Biodiversity Data Journal 8: e48704. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e48704 Abstract Lake Kastoria is one of the potentially “ancient” Balkan lakes that has a great environmental importance and ecological value, attracts high touristic interest and is under various anthropogenic pressures. It belongs to a Natura 2000 Special Protection Area and a Site of Community Interest. The city of Kastoria is located at the western part of the lake and just next to it, towards the centre of the lake, is a peninsula, a habitat island. In the framework of research concerning the flora of lake islands of Greece, one of the main objectives of the present study is to fill a gap concerning plant species richness of the habitat island within the protected Lake Kastoria, which is surrounded by the lake except for its north-western part where the border of the city of Kastoria is located.