Appendix I – Cultural Heritage Resource Assessment Report
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APPENDIX I CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE ASSESSMENT REPORT FINAL REPORT – JANUARY 2021 CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE ASSESSMENT REPORT PRELIMINARY DESIGN AND CLASS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT HIGHWAY 35/115 INTERCHANGE WP 4174-15-00 CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE ASSESSMENT REPORT PRELIMINARY DESIGN AND CLASS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT HIGHWAY 35/115 INTERCHANGE WP 4174-15-00 ONTARIO MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION PROVINCE OF ONTARIO FINAL PROJECT NO.: 17M-01712-01 DATE: JANUARY 2021 WSP WSP.COM SIGNATURES PREPARED BY Chelsey Tyers, BES, MCIP, RPP Cultural Heritage Specialist REVIEWED BY Joel Konrad, Ph.D. Ontario Heritage Lead and Cultural Heritage Specialist This report was prepared by WSP for the account of ONTARIO MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION, in accordance with the professional services agreement. The disclosure of any information contained in this report is the sole responsibility of the intended recipient. The material in it reflects WSP’s best judgement in light of the information available to it at the time of preparation. Any use which a third party makes of this report, or any reliance on or decisions to be made based on it, are the responsibility of such third parties. WSP accepts no responsibility for damages, if any, suffered by any third party as a result of decisions made or actions based on this report. This limitations statement is considered part of this report. The original of the technology-based document sent herewith has been authenticated and will be retained by WSP for a minimum of ten years. Since the file transmitted is now out of WSP’s control and its integrity can no longer be ensured, no guarantee may be given with regards to any modifications made to this document. Hwy 35/115 Interchange Preliminary Design and Class EA WSP Project No. 17M-01712-01 January 2021 Ontario Ministry of Transportation Page i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY WSP was contracted by the Ontario Ministry of Transportation (MTO) to complete a Cultural Heritage Resource Assessment Report (CHRAR) as part of the Preliminary Design and Class Environmental Assessment (Class EA) for the Highway (Hwy) 35/115 Interchange, in the Municipality of Clarington. A CHRAR is required for the environmental assessment process to identify existing and potential cultural heritage resources, review the background history of the project area, complete a site visit to confirm existing conditions, provide a preliminary impact assessment to conserve cultural heritage resources, identify mitigation and/or monitoring for potential impacts, and to determine whether additional heritage reporting is required. The results of the background historical research and a review of a secondary source material identified the study area’s land use history dating back to the mid- nineteenth century. The field review confirmed mid-nineteenth century cultural heritage resources that reflect the agricultural settlement of the area. A total of eight cultural heritage landscapes and one built heritage resource were identified in the study area. Based on the results of this assessment, four cultural heritage resources will be directly impacted by the preferred alternative for the Preliminary Design and Class Environmental Assessment (Class EA) for the Highway (Hwy) 35/115 Interchange. However, there may be indirect impacts to two of the resources given the proximity of construction activities. As such, the recommendations are as follows: 1 Staging and construction activities should be appropriately located and/or planned to avoid impacts to the identified cultural heritage resources. 2 CHL 1 should be subject to a documentation report prior to any construction activities and perferably prior to detail design. The documentation report should provide a comprehensive history of the resource and photographic documentation. 3 A Cultural Heritage Evaluation Report should be completed for CHL 5, 6 and 7, and BHR 1 prior to construction and preferably prior to detail design to determine whether they possess cultural heritage value or interest. If a property is found to have cultural heritage value or interest, a Heritage Impact Assessment should be completed in the detail design phase prior to construction to determine appropriate alternatives or mitigation measures. 4 If future work requires an expansion to the study area or change in the preferred alternative, the additional area or change should be studied by a qualified heritage professional to identify any future potential cultural heritage resources and any impact to them. 5 This report should be submitted to Heritage Planner at the Municipality of Clarington. Hwy 35/115 Interchange Preliminary Design and Class EA WSP Project No. 17M-01712-01 January 2021 Ontario Ministry of Transportation Page ii PROJECT PERSONNEL CLIENT Client Contact Glenn Higgins MTO Project Manager WSP Project Manager Joel Konrad, PhD, CAHP Cultural Heritage Lead – Ontario Cultural Heritage Specialist Chesley Tyers, BES, MCIP, RPP Cultural Heritage Specialist Report Preparation Chelsey Tyers GIS and Mapping Andrew Turner, HBA Cultural Heritage Geomatics Specialist Report Review Joel Konrad Administrative Support Lyn Pedersen Administrative Assistant – Document Control Hwy 35/115 Interchange Preliminary Design and Class EA WSP Project No. 17M-01712-01 January 2021 Ontario Ministry of Transportation Page iii 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................ 1 1.1 Study Purpose and Objectives ................................................. 1 1.2 Project Description and Study area ......................................... 1 TABLE OF 2 LEGISLATION AND POLICY CONTEXT ................... 3 2.1 Environmental Assessment Act ............................................... 3 CONTENTS 2.2 Provincial Policy Statement ...................................................... 3 2.3 Ontario Heritage Act .................................................................. 4 2.3.1 Ontario Regulation 9/06 ........................................................................................... 4 2.3.2 Ontario Regulation 10/06 ......................................................................................... 5 2.4 MTO Environmental Reference for Highway Design .............. 5 2.5 MTO Environmental Guide for Built Heritage and Cultural Heritage Landscapes ................................................................. 5 2.6 Ontario Heritage Bridge Guideline for Provincially-Owned Bridges ........................................................................................ 6 2.7 Durham Region Official Plan ..................................................... 6 2.8 Municipality of Clarington Official Plan ................................... 6 3 METHODOLOGY ....................................................... 9 3.1 Background History ................................................................... 9 3.2 Consultation ................................................................................ 9 3.3 Field Assessment ....................................................................... 9 3.4 Identification of Cultural Heritage Value or Interest ............. 10 3.5 Screening for Potential Impacts ............................................. 10 4 HISTORICAL CONTEXT .......................................... 11 4.1 Indigenous Context .................................................................. 11 4.2 Post-Contact Period ................................................................. 12 4.2.1 Eurocanadian Context ........................................................................................... 12 4.2.2 Roadway Transportation History in Ontario .......................................................... 13 4.2.3 Bridge Construction History in Ontario .................................................................. 14 4.2.4 Review of Historical Mapping and Aerial Photography ........................................ 15 5 EXISTING CONDITIONS ......................................... 16 5.1.1 Highway 35 ............................................................................................................. 16 5.1.2 Highway 115 ........................................................................................................... 17 5.1.3 Boundary Road ...................................................................................................... 17 5.1.4 Concession Road 10 .............................................................................................. 18 5.1.5 Old Highway 35 and Beaucage Road ................................................................... 19 5.1.6 Wilcox Road ........................................................................................................... 20 5.1.7 Skelding Road ........................................................................................................ 20 6 IDENTIFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCES22 7 SCREENING FOR POTENTIAL IMPACTS .............. 23 7.1 Description of Proposed Undertaking ................................... 23 7.2 Potential Impacts ...................................................................... 23 8 CONCLUSIONS ....................................................... 27 9 RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................ 28 10 BIBLIOGRAPHY ....................................................... 29 11 APPENDICES .......................................................... 31 A FIGURES............................................................................................. 33 B CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE FORMS ..............