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Dutch Pop Music Is Here to Stay

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Dutch Pop Music Is Here to Stay DUTCH POP MUSIC IS HERE TO STAY Continuïteit en vernieuwing van het aanbod van Nederlandse popmuziek 1960-1990 Olivier van der Vet Uitgever: ERMeCC, Erasmus Research Centre for Media, Communication and Culture Drukker: Ridderprint Ridderkerk Omslagontwerp: Nikki Vermeulen Ridderprint ISBN: 978-90-76665-24-5 © Olivier van der Vet, 2013 DUTCH POP MUSIC IS HERE TO STAY: Continuïteit en vernieuwing van het aanbod van Nederlandse popmuziek 1960-1990 Dutch Pop Music Is Here To Stay: Continuity and Innovation of Dutch Pop Music between 1960-1990 Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam op gezag van de rector magnificus Prof.dr. H.G. Schmidt en volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties. De openbare verdediging zal plaatsvinden op donderdag, 16 mei 2013 om 15.30 uur door Olivier Nicolo Sebastiaan van der Vet geboren te ‘s-Gravenhage Promotiecommissie: Promotor: Prof. dr. A.M. Bevers Overige leden: Prof. dr. C.J.M van Eijck Prof. dr. G. De Meyer Prof. dr. P.W.M. Rutten Copromotor: Dr. W. de Nooy VOORWOORD Continuïteit en vernieuwing zijn de twee termen die in dit onderzoek centraal staan. Nederlandse artiesten zijn op zoek naar continuïteit in hun loopbaan en platenmaatschappijen naar continuïteit in de productie. In dit streven vinden zij elkaar en ontstaat het aanbod. Continuïteit stond ook centraal in het traject dat ik heb afgelegd voor dit promotieonderzoek. Vanaf de start, toen ik als onderzoeker bij het Erasmus Centrum voor Kunst- en Cultuurwetenschappen (ECKCW) werkte, tot nu, is het promotieonderzoek een constante factor geweest. Wat er in deze periode ook is veranderd, het promotieonderzoek bleef. Maar continuïteit alleen is niet genoeg. Zoals een artiest of act niet in staat is om zonder anderen een loopbaan op te bouwen, was het mij niet gelukt om dit onderzoek uit te voeren zonder de steun van een aantal mensen. Ik wil hen hiervoor danken. In de eerste plaats ben ik mijn promotor Ton Bevers en copromotor Wouter de Nooy heel veel dank verschuldigd. Jullie hebben me gedurende het hele traject steeds enthousi- ast met raad en daad bijgestaan. Hoe lang het soms ook duurde voordat er weer een nieuw hoofdstuk verscheen, keer op keer was de reactie positief en aanmoe- digend. Het vertrouwen dat ik van jullie kreeg was een enorme stimulans om door te gaan en het proefschrift af te maken. In de tweede plaats wil ik Teunis IJdens en Erik Hitters danken voor de ruimte die me destijds via het ECKCW is geboden om naast het onderzoek naar de vormgeving en uitvoering van het Actieplan Cultuur- bereik te kunnen starten met een promotieonderzoek. Vervolgens wil ik de on- derzoekers danken met wie ik op verschillende momenten heb samengewerkt en van wie ik veel heb opgestoken. José Verouden wil ik danken voor de taaladviezen aan het begin van mijn promotieonderzoek en Aleid Fokkema voor de vertaling van de samenvatting in het Engels. Als laatste wil ik mijn gezin bedanken voor hun geduld, steun en begrip. Zij kunnen het zich waarschijnlijk niet voorstellen wat het is om met een promotieonderzoek bezig te zijn en vroegen zich geregeld af wat ik toch deed en waarom, maar vooral wanneer het nu eens af was….Dat is nu het geval. Irene, David en Luka aan jullie draag ik dit onderzoek op. INHOUDSOPGAVE: HOOFDSTUK 1 INLEIDING ..............................................................................9 CULTURELE GLOBALISERING ........................................................................... 10 MODELLEN MUZIEKINDUSTRIE ........................................................................ 16 HOE WORDT HET AANBOD ONDERZOCHT ? ......................................................... 18 CONTINUÏTEIT EN VERNIEUWING ...................................................................... 21 BELANG VAN DIT ONDERZOEK EN WETENSCHAPPELIJK UITGANGSPUNT ..................... 24 AFBAKENING .............................................................................................. 26 TERMEN ..................................................................................................... 27 LEESWIJZER ................................................................................................ 28 HOOFDSTUK 2 PLATENMAATSCHAPPIJEN IN NEDERLAND 1960-1990 .......... 31 INLEIDING .................................................................................................. 31 ONTSTAAN VAN DE MUZIEKINDUSTRIE IN NEDERLAND ......................................... 31 SOORTEN PLATENMAATSCHAPPIJEN ................................................................. 33 TRANSNATIONALE PLATENMAATSCHAPPIJEN OF MAJORS ...................................... 34 MINORS ..................................................................................................... 39 INDIES ....................................................................................................... 39 NATIONALE PLATENMAATSCHAPPIJEN .............................................................. 40 ANDERE CATEGORIEËN PLATENMAATSCHAPPIJEN ................................................ 42 DE STRUCTUUR VAN DE NEDERLANDSE MUZIEKINDUSTRIE .................................... 47 WAAROM NEDERLANDSE ARTIESTEN ? ..............................................................49 HOOFDSTUK 3 BESLISSINGEN VAN PLATENMAATSCHAPPIJEN.................... 53 INLEIDING .................................................................................................. 53 VELD VAN CULTURELE PRODUCTIE ................................................................... 54 PRODUCENTENGEDRAG ................................................................................. 61 NIEUWE ACTS .............................................................................................. 62 BESTAANDE ACTS ........................................................................................ 65 EFFECTEN IN HET VELD ................................................................................... 67 VERSCHILLEN TUSSEN PLATENMAATSCHAPPIJEN .................................................68 STRUCTUUR VAN HET VELD ............................................................................68 KRACHTEN IN HET TOTALE VELD EN VAN BUITEN HET VELD ..................................... 71 HOOFDSTUK 4 ONDERZOEKSMODEL, VRAGEN EN GEGEVENS..................... 77 INLEIDING .................................................................................................. 77 PROBLEEMSTELLING ..................................................................................... 80 GEGEVENS ................................................................................................. 80 KENMERKEN VAN DE GELUIDSDRAGER .............................................................. 82 KENMERKEN VAN PLATENMAATSCHAPPIJEN .......................................................86 SECTORKENMERKEN .....................................................................................88 HISTORISCHE KENMERKEN ............................................................................. 90 CONTEXTKENMERKEN ................................................................................... 90 HOOFDSTUK 5: DEBUTEN ............................................................................ 91 INLEIDING .................................................................................................. 91 WAT IS EEN DEBUUT ?.................................................................................... 91 HOE KWAMEN PLATENMAATSCHAPPIJEN AAN NIEUWE ACTS ? ................................. 92 DEBUTEN IN DE TIJD ...................................................................................... 93 KENMERK VAN HET AANBOD........................................................................... 95 KENMERKEN VAN DE PLATENMAATSCHAPPIJ ......................................................96 KENMERKEN VAN DE SECTOR ..........................................................................99 EMPIRISCHE TOETS ..................................................................................... 101 CONCLUSIE ............................................................................................... 109 HOOFDSTUK 6 VERVOLGPRODUCTIES .......................................................111 INLEIDING .................................................................................................111 VERVOLGPRODUCTIES IN DE TIJD ....................................................................111 KENMERKEN VAN HET AANBOD ......................................................................113 KENMERKEN VAN DE PLATENMAATSCHAPPIJ .................................................... 114 SECTORKENMERKEN , HISTORISCHE GEBEURTENISSEN EN CONTEXTKENMERKEN ........115 EVENT HISTORY ANALYSE ............................................................................117 MODEL .................................................................................................... 119 EMPIRISCHE TOETS ......................................................................................121 INTERACTIES ............................................................................................. 129 RESIDUEN ANALYSE ................................................................................... 139 CONCLUSIE ............................................................................................... 140 HOOFDSTUK 7 OVERSTAPPEN................................................................... 145 INLEIDING ...............................................................................................
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