1 Deadliest American Disasters and Large Loss
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ENROLLMENT CORRECTIONS-S. 2834 Resolved by the Senate (The House of Representatives Concurring), That in the Enrollment of the Bill (S
104 STAT. 5184 CONCURRENT RESOLUTIONS—OCT. 26, 1990 Whereas it is proper and timely for the Congress of the United States of America to acknowledge, on the occasion of the impend ing one hundredth anniversary of the event, the historic signifi cance of the Massacre at Wounded Knee Creek, to express its deep regret to the Sioux people and in particular to the descendants of the victims and survivors for this terrible tragedy, and to support the reconciliation efforts of the State of South Dakota and the Wounded Knee Survivors Association: Now, therefore, be it Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives concurring). That— (1) the Congress, on the occasion of the one hundredth anniversary of the Wounded Knee Massacre of December 29, 1890, hereby acknowledges the historical significance of this event as the last armed conflict of the Indian wars period resulting in the tragic death and injury of approximately 350- 375 Indian men, women, and children of Chief Big Foot's band of Minneconjou Sioux and hereby expresses its deep regret on behalf of the United States to the descendants of the victims and survivors and their respective tribal communities; (2) the Congress also hereby recognizes and commends the efforts of reconciliation initiated by the State of South Dakota and the Wounded Knee Survivors Association and expresses its support for the establishment of a suitable and appropriate Memorial to those who were so tragically slain at Wounded Knee which could inform the American public of the historic significance of the events at Wounded Knee and accurately portray the heroic and courageous campaign waged by the Sioux people to preserve and protect their lands and their way of life during this period; and (3) the Congress hereby expresses its commitment to acknowl edge and learn from our history, including the Wounded Knee Massacre, in order to provide a proper foundation for building an ever more humane, enlightened, and just society for the future. -
Public Health and Criminal Justice Approaches to Homicide Research
The Relationship Between Non-Lethal and Lethal Violence Proceedings of the 2002 Meeting of the Homicide Research Working Group St. Louis, Missouri May 30 - June 2 Editors M. Dwayne Smith University of South Florida Paul H. Blackman National Rifle Association ii PREFACE In a number of ways, 2002 and 2003 represent transition years for the Homicide Research Working Group (HRWG), its annual meetings, variously referred to as symposia or workshops, and the Proceedings of those meetings. One major change, both in terms of the meetings and the Proceedings, deals with sponsorship. Traditionally, the HRWG’s annual meetings have been hosted by some institution, be it a university or group affiliated with a university, or a government agency devoted at least in part to the collection and/or analysis of data regarding homicides or other facets of homicide research. Prior to 2002, this generally meant at least two things: that the meetings would take place at the facilities of the hosting agency, and that attendees would be treated to something beyond ordinary panels related to the host agency. For example, in recent years, the FBI Academy provided an afternoon with tours of some of its facilities, Loyola University in Chicago arranged a field trip to the Medical Examiners’ office and a major hospital trauma center, and the University of Central Florida arranged a demonstration of forensic anthropology. More recently, however, the host has merely arranged for hotel facilities and meeting centers, and some of the panels, particularly the opening session. This has had the benefit of adding variety to the persons attracted to present at our symposia, but at the risk that they are unfamiliar with our traditional approach to preparing papers for the meetings and the Proceedings. -
The 239 Year Timeline of America's Involvement in Military Conflict
The 239 Year Timeline Of America’s Involvement in Military Conflict By Isaac Davis Region: USA Global Research, December 20, 2015 Theme: History, US NATO War Agenda Activist Post 18 December 2015 I should welcome almost any war, for I think this country needs one. – President Theodore Roosevelt The American public and the world have long since been warned of the dangers of allowing the military industrial complex to become such an integral part of our economic survival. The United States is the self-proclaimed angel of democracy in the world, but just as George Orwell warned, war is the health of the state, and in the language of newspeak, democracy is the term we use to hide the reality of the nature of our warfare state. In truth, the United States of America has been engaged in some kind of war during 218 out of the nation’s total 239 years of existence. Put another way, in the entire span of US history, this country has only experienced 21 years without conflict. For a sense of perspective on this sobering statistic, consider these4 facts about the history of US involvement in military conflict: Pick any year since 1776 and there is about a 91% chance that America was involved in some war during that calendar year. No U.S. president truly qualifies as a peacetime president. Instead, all U.S. presidents can technically be considered “war presidents.” The U.S. has never gone a decade without war. The only time the U.S. went five years without war (1935-40) was during the isolationist period of the Great Depression. -
HUNDREDTH ANNIVERSARY COMMEMORATION [S Con. Res. 153]
CONCURRENT RESOLUTIONS—OCT. 25,1990 104 STAT. 5183 violence reveals that violent tendencies may be passed on from one generation to the next; Whereas witnessing an aggressive parent as a role model may communicate to children that violence is an acceptable tool for resolving marital conflict; and Wheregis few States have recognized the interrelated natui-e of child custody and battering and have enacted legislation that allows or requires courts to consider evidence of physical abuse of a spouse in child custody cases: Now, therefore, be it Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), SECTION 1. It is the sense of the Congress that, for purposes of determining child custody, credible evidence of physical abuse of a spouse should create a statutory presumption that it is detrimental to the child to be placed in the custody of the abusive spouse. SEC. 2. This resolution is not intended to encourage States to prohibit supervised visitation. Agreed to October 25, 1990. WOUNDED KNEE CREEK MASSACRE—ONE- oct. 25.1990 HUNDREDTH ANNIVERSARY COMMEMORATION [s con. Res. 153] Whereas, in order to promote racial harmony and cultural under standing, the Grovernor of the State of South Dakota has declared that 1990 is a Year of Reconciliation between the citizens of the State of South Dakota and the member bands of the Great Sioux Nation; Whereas the Sioux people who are descendants of the victims and survivors of the Wounded Knee Massacre have been striving to reconcile and, in a culturally appropriate manner, to bring to an end -
Massacre on the Plains: a Better Way to Conceptualize
MASSACRE ON THE PLAINS: A BETTER WAY TO CONCEPTUALIZE GENOCIDE ON AMERICAN SOIL by KEATON J KELL A THESIS Presented to the Conflict and Dispute Resolution Program and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science June 2017 THESIS APPROVAL PAGE Student: Keaton J Kell Title: Massacre on the Plains: A Better Way to Conceptualize Genocide on American Soil This thesis has been accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science degree in the Conflict and Dispute Resolution Program by: Michael Moffitt Chair Keith Eddins Core Member and Scott L. Pratt Dean of the Graduate School Original approval signatures are on file with the University of Oregon Graduate School Degree awarded June 2017 ii © 2017 Keaton J Kell iii THESIS ABSTRACT Keaton J Kell Master of Science Conflict and Dispute Resolution Program June 2017 Title: Massacre on the Plains: A Better Way to Conceptualize Genocide on American Soil This thesis examines the massacres of the Plains Indian Wars in the United States (1851-1890) and how they relate to contemporary theories of genocide. By using the Plains Indian Wars as a case study, a critique can be made of theories which inform predictive models and genocide policy. This thesis analyzes newspaper articles, histories, congressional investigations, presidential speeches, and administrative policies surrounding the four primary massacres perpetrated by the United States during this time. An ideology of racial superiority and fears of insecurity, impurity, and insurgency drove the actions of the white settler-colonialists and their military counterparts. -
Crushing the Native Americans
Crushing the Native Americans • 1867--250,000 Indians in western U.S. – displaced Eastern Indians – Native Plains Indians • By the 1880s – most Indians on reservations – California Indians decimated by disease • By the 1890s Indian cultures crumble Essential Questions 1) What motivated Americans from the east to move westward? 2) How did American expansion westward affect the American Indians? 3) How was American “identity” forged through westward expansion? Which picture best represents America? What affects our perception of American identity? Life of the Plains Indians: Political Organization • Plains Indians nomadic, hunt buffalo – skilled horsemen – tribes develop warrior class – wars limited to skirmishes, "counting coups" • Tribal bands governed by chief and council • Loose organization confounds federal policy Life of the Plains Indians: Social Organization • Sexual division of labor – men hunt, trade, supervise ceremonial activities, clear ground for planting – women responsible for child rearing, art, camp work, gardening, food preparation • Equal gender status common – kinship often matrilineal – women often manage family property Misconceptions / Truths of Native Americans Misconceptions Truths • Not all speak the same • Most did believe land belonged language or have the same to no one (no private property) traditions • Reservation lands were • Not all live on reservations continually taken away by the • Tribes were not always government unified • Many relied on hunting as a • Most tribes were not hostile way of life (buffalo) • Most tribes put a larger stake on honor rather than wealth Culture of White Settlers • Most do believe in private property • A strong emphasis on material wealth (money) • Few rely on hunting as a way of life; most rely on farming • Many speak the same language and have a similar culture What is important about the culture of white settlers in comparison to the culture of the American Indians? What does it mean to be civilized? “We did not ask you white men to come here. -
The Tammany Legend (Tamanend). Historic Story of the Origin of the "St
WHITE NORWOOD W». H. STRANG THE TAMMANY LEGEND (Tamanend) TAMANEND Idealized composite portrait by Fritz Bade from description of Tamanend III, William Perm's friend, and the legends of the Indians concerning the other two kings of same name. Por- traits of modern Lenape types used as models. Tamanend's portrait is typical of Lenape Manhood at time of last entry in the Red Score. THE TAMMANY LEGEND (Tamanend) By JOSEPH WHITE NORWOOD HISTORIC STORY OF THE ORIGIN OF THE "ST. TAMMANY" TRADITION IN AMERICAN GOVERNMENT AND WHAT DEMOCRACY OWES TO ABORIGINAL AMERICAN IDEALS. BASED ON ORIGINAL NATIVE SOURCES COVERING, HIS- TORICALLY, 600 A.D. TO THE PRESENT. BOSTON MEADOR PUBLISHING COMPANY MCMXXXVIII Copyright, 1938, by Joseph White Norwood PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Thb Meador Press, Boston, Massachusetts Dedicated to My Wife ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Special acknowledgments are made to Col. Lucien Beckner, geologist and Indian author- ity, for generous cooperation in working out the chronology of the Red Score; William Grant Wilson for wise and friendly advice on publication matters; John Collier, Indian Commissioner for data on present location and condition of Indian tribes; Fritz Bade, for the idealized and composite portrait of Tamanend. FOREWORD Often in the youth of this Republic, American "shirt- sleeve diplomacy" astonished, amused and sometimes shocked European countries. Our simplicity that called a spade a spade and demanded that answers be Yes or No, was taken as evidence of our semi-barbarism. After we grew powerful and prosperous and some- what more urbane of manner, these same Europeans referred to our "dollar diplomacy" and deplored our lack of ideals. -
The California Geographer Volume 43 2003
The California Geographer Volume 43 2003 24 A Publication of the 43 03 CALIFORNIA GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY THE CALIFORNIA GEOGRAPHER List of Editors (Vol.) 1-X 1960-1969 Robert A. Kennelly XI 1970 Robert W. Durrenberger XII-XIII 1971-1972 Elliot G. Mcintire XIV 1973-1974 Roderick C. McKenzie XV-XVIII 1975-1978 Donald G. Holtgrieve XIX-XXII 1979-1982 Ronald F. Lockman XXIII-XXXI 1983-1990 Donald R. Floyd XXII-XXXIV 1991-1994 Elliot Mcintire XXXV-XXXVI 1995-1996 Bill Takizawa XXXVII-XLI 1997-2001 Ray Sumner 42-43 2002-2003 judy Walton List of Associate and Guest Editors (Vol.) XI 1970 Elliot G. Mcintire XVIII 1978 Nancy Schluntz XIX 1979 james W. Yerdon XXIII-XXX 1983-1990 William L. Preston XXXV 1995 Ray Sumner XXXVI 1996 Carol jean Cox XXXVII 1997 Arnold Court, Dennis Napier, Barney Wart XXXVIII 1998 David Nemeth XXXIX 1999 Dale Pullin The California Geographer Volume 43, 2003 A Publication of the CALIFORNIA GEoGRAPHICAL SociETY Edited by jUDY WALTON Typeset by Cooper Publishing, Corvallis, Oregon Printed by Publishers Design Group, Roseville, California The California Geographer Editor Judy Walton, Portland State University Editorial Board Robin Date!, CSU Sacramento Chris Haynes, Humboldt State University Jennifer Helzer, CSU Stanislaus William Holder, Orange Coast College James Keese, Cal Poly San Luis Obispo Mark Kumler, CSU San Bernardino David Jim Nemeth, University ofToledo Irene Naesse, Orange Coast College The California Geographer is a refereed journal of the California Geographical Society, and has been published annually since 1960. All statements and opin ions that appear in the journal are the full responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the California Geographical Society. -
Northern Paiute of California, Idaho, Nevada and Oregon
טקוּפה http://family.lametayel.co.il/%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%9F+%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7 %A1%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%95+%D7%9C%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A1+%D7%9 5%D7%92%D7%90%D7%A1 تاكوبا Τακόπα The self-sacrifice on the tree came to them from a white-bearded god who visited them 2,000 years ago. He is called different names by different tribes: Tah-comah, Kate-Zahi, Tacopa, Nana-bush, Naapi, Kul-kul, Deganaweda, Ee-see-cotl, Hurukan, Waicomah, and Itzamatul. Some of these names can be translated to: the Pale Prophet, the bearded god, the Healer, the Lord of Water and Wind, and so forth. http://www.spiritualjourneys.com/article/diary-entry-a-gift-from-an-indian-spirit/ Chief Tecopa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_Tecopa Chief Tecopa From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Chief Tecopa (c.1815–1904) was a Native American leader, his name means wildcat. [1] Chief Tecopa was a leader of the Southern Nevada tribe of the Paiute in the Ash Meadows and Pahrump areas. In the 1840s Tecopa and his warriors engaged the expedition of Kit Carson and John C. Fremont in a three-day battle at Resting Springs.[2] Later on in life Tecopa tried to maintain peaceful relations with the white settlers to the region and was known as a peacemaker. [3] Tecopa usually wore a bright red band suit with gold braid and a silk top hat. Whenever these clothes wore out they were replaced by the local white miners out of gratitude for Tecopa's help in maintaining peaceful relations with the Paiute. -
Read Ebook {PDF EPUB} Chief Sarah Sarah
Read Ebook {PDF EPUB} Chief Sarah Sarah Winnemucca's Fight for Indian Rights by Dorothy Nafus Morrison Chief Sarah: Sarah Winnemucca's Fight for Indian Rights by Dorothy Nafus Morrison. Completing the CAPTCHA proves you are a human and gives you temporary access to the web property. What can I do to prevent this in the future? If you are on a personal connection, like at home, you can run an anti-virus scan on your device to make sure it is not infected with malware. If you are at an office or shared network, you can ask the network administrator to run a scan across the network looking for misconfigured or infected devices. Another way to prevent getting this page in the future is to use Privacy Pass. You may need to download version 2.0 now from the Chrome Web Store. Cloudflare Ray ID: 65ff316c7a3e2c4e • Your IP : 116.202.236.252 • Performance & security by Cloudflare. Sarah Winnemucca. Sarah Winnemucca (1844-1891) was born Thocmentony, a Paiute name that means "Shell Flower." She was a peacemaker, teacher, interpreter, scout, and defender of the rights of Native Americans. She was notable for being the first Native American woman to secure a copyright and to publish in the English language. She was also known by her married name, Sarah Winnemucca Hopkins, under which she published her book, Life Among the Paiutes: Their Wrongs and Claims, an autobiographical account of her people during their first forty years of contact with explorers and settlers. Sarah Winnemucca lived in two worlds; the world of Native Americans and the world of whites, and as such she was often caught in a no-win situation. -
Fort Yuma Coordinates: 32.7317135°N 114.6155078°W from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
Page 1 of 3 Fort Yuma Coordinates: 32.7317135°N 114.6155078°W From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Fort Yuma is a fort in California that is located in Imperial County, across the Colorado River from Yuma, Arizona. It Fort Yuma was on the Butterfield Overland Mail route from 1858 until Part of Department of the West 1861 and was abandoned May 16, 1883, and transferred to the Department of the Interior. The Fort Yuma Indian Imperial County, California, USA School and a mission now occupy the site. It is one of the "associated sites" listed as Yuma Crossing and Associated Sites on the National Register of Historic Places in the Yuma Crossing National Heritage Area. Contents ■ 1 History ■ 1.1 Pre-Civil War ■ 1.2 Civil War ■ 1.3 Post-Civil War Fort Yuma in 1875. ■ 2 Present day Type Outpost ■ 3 References Coordinates 32.7317135°N 114.6155078°W Built 1851 History Built by United States Army Construction Adobe, Wood Pre-Civil War materials In use 1851-1883 First established after the end of the Mexican-American War (1848), the fort was originally located in the bottoms near Current Restored the Colorado River, less than a mile below the mouth of the condition Gila River. It was constructed to defend the newly settled Current Federal government of the United community of Yuma, New Mexico Territory, located on the owner States other side of the Colorado River, and the nearby Mexican border. Open to Yes the public In March 1851 the post was moved to a small elevation on Controlled by Bureau of Indian Affairs the Colorado's west bank. -
Indian Wars.8-98.P65
A Guide to the Microfiche Edition of Research Collections in Native American Studies The Indian Wars of the West and Frontier Army Life, 18621898 Official Histories and Personal Narratives UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS OF AMERICA A Guide to the Microfiche Edition of THE INDIAN WARS OF THE WEST AND FRONTIER ARMY LIFE, 1862–1898 Official Histories and Personal Narratives Project Editor and Guide Compiled by: Robert E. Lester A microfiche project of UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS OF AMERICA An Imprint of CIS 4520 East-West Highway • Bethesda, MD 20814-3389 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The Indian wars of the West and frontier army life, 1862–1898 [microform] : official histories and personal narratives / project editor, Robert E. Lester microfiche. Accompanied by a printed guide compiled by Robert E. Lester, entitled: A guide to the microfiche edition of The Indian wars of the West and frontier army life, 1862–1898. ISBN 1-55655-598-9 (alk. paper) 1. Indians of North America--Wars--1862–1865--Sources. 2. Indians of North America--Wars--1866–1895--Sources. 3. United States. Army--Military life--History--19th century--Sources. 4. West (U.S.)--History--19th century--Sources. I. Lester, Robert. II. University Publications of America (Firm) III. Title: Guide to the microfilm edition of The Indian wars of the West and frontier army life, 1862–1898. [E81] 978'.02—dc21 98-12605 CIP Copyright © 1998 by University Publications of America. All rights reserved. ISBN 1-55655-598-9. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Scope and Content Note ................................................................................................. v Arrangement of Material .................................................................................................. ix List of Contributing Institutions ..................................................................................... xi Source Note .....................................................................................................................