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I Giornali Italiani a Fiume Dal 1813 Al 1945. Analisi E Linee Di Sviluppo

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I Giornali Italiani a Fiume Dal 1813 Al 1945. Analisi E Linee Di Sviluppo UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI TRIESTE XXIV CICLO DEL DOTTORATO DI RICERCA IN SCUOLA DOTTORALE IN SCIENZE UMANISTICHE INDIRIZZO ITALIANISTICO I GIORNALI ITALIANI A FIUME DAL 1813 AL 1945. ANALISI E LINEE DI SVILUPPO Settore scientifico-disciplinare: L-FIL-LET/10 DOTTORANDO GIANFRANCO MIKSA COORDINATORE PROF. MARINA PALADINI MUSITELLI SUPERVISORE DI TESI PROF. ELVIO GUAGNINI ANNO ACCADEMICO 2011 / 2012 Indice INTRODUZIONE ................................................................................................................1 Profilo storico della città di Fiume ......................................................................................6 Le pubblicazioni giornalistiche italiane a Fiume ...............................................................10 Cenni introduttivi..........................................................................................................10 I giornali a Fiume nel secondo Ottocento ......................................................................11 La Prima Guerra Mondiale............................................................................................12 I giornali italiani nel periodo fascista ............................................................................13 SCHEDARIO .....................................................................................................................14 NOTIZIE DEL GIORNO .................................................................................................15 ECO DEL LITORALE UNGARICO................................................................................16 Quadro storico – L’occupazione croata .........................................................................19 L’ECO DI FIUME............................................................................................................20 LA GAZZETTA DI FIUME.............................................................................................23 Quadro storico – Corpus Separatum..............................................................................26 IL GIORNALE DI FIUME...............................................................................................27 Quadro storico – Il ritorno alla sovranità ungherese ......................................................28 LA GAZZETTA DI FIUME – FIUMANER ZEITUNG ...................................................30 LA BILANCIA ................................................................................................................32 STUDIO E LAVORO.......................................................................................................37 LA VARIETÀ..................................................................................................................38 FIUME.............................................................................................................................41 IL CORRIERE DI FIUME ...............................................................................................41 L’OPERAIO.....................................................................................................................41 L’ARTIERE .....................................................................................................................42 Quadro storico – Fiume nel XIX secolo, crogiolo di popoli e culture ............................43 LA VOCE DEL POPOLO................................................................................................43 “La Voce del Popolo” dal 1944 in poi...........................................................................47 GAZZETTA DI FIUME...................................................................................................49 LA DIFESA .....................................................................................................................51 AVVISATORE UFFICIALE DEL MUNICIPIO DI FIUME ............................................52 IL POPOLO .....................................................................................................................52 LA GIOVINE FIUME......................................................................................................54 IL CORRIERE .................................................................................................................57 LA TABACCHINA..........................................................................................................58 IL LAVORATORE ..........................................................................................................58 LA BANDIERA...............................................................................................................60 IL FIUMANO ..................................................................................................................60 IL GIORNALE.................................................................................................................61 Quadro storico – Il 1918 e il Proclama dell’annessione di Fiume all’Italia ....................62 LA VOCE DEL CARNARO ............................................................................................64 LA VEDETTA D’ITALIA ...............................................................................................64 “La Vedetta d’Italia” nel periodo bellico.......................................................................69 YOGA..............................................................................................................................70 LA TESTA DI FERRO.....................................................................................................72 LA NUOVA RISCOSSA..................................................................................................72 STILE FASCISTA ...........................................................................................................72 APPENDICE ......................................................................................................................74 PREMESSA .....................................................................................................................75 NOTIZIE DEL GIORNO (1813) ......................................................................................76 ECO DEL LITORALE UNGARICO (1843).....................................................................83 LA GAZZETTA DI FIUME (1860)..................................................................................86 IL GIORNALE DI FIUME (1865)....................................................................................88 LA GAZZETTA DI FIUME – FIUMANER ZEITUNG (1867) ........................................90 LA BILANCIA (1867) .....................................................................................................92 STUDIO E LAVORO (1873) .........................................................................................103 LA VARIETÀ (1881).....................................................................................................104 LA VOCE DEL POPOLO (1889)...................................................................................105 GAZZETTA DI FIUME (1890)......................................................................................127 LA DIFESA (1890) ........................................................................................................131 IL POPOLO (1900) ........................................................................................................134 LA GIOVINE FIUME (1910).........................................................................................137 IL CORRIERE (1907) ....................................................................................................151 IL LAVORATORE (1909) .............................................................................................156 IL GIORNALE (1912) ...................................................................................................158 LA VEDETTA D’ITALIA (1919)..................................................................................164 L’Impresa dannunziana e l’annessione all’Italia nelle pagine de “La Vedetta” ............167 II Gli antefatti.................................................................................................................170 STILE FASCISTA (1941) ..............................................................................................187 BIBLIOGRAFIA ..............................................................................................................191 III INTRODUZIONE Questo lavoro vuole essere un’immersione nella cultura fiumana della carta stampata, inteso a offrire una chiara immagine della grande mole di giornali italiani pubblicati nella città quarnerina nell’arco di due secoli. Il campo delle pubblicazioni giornalistiche come mere testimonianze che hanno seguito e spesso anche alimentato i fermenti sociali e politici, la scena letteraria e quella artistico-culturale, apparsi a Fiume nel corso dell’Ottocento e Novecento. L’arte della cultura stampata a Fiume ha una storia ricca e molto interessante. Come ogni terra di confine, questa è stata il testimone di una lotta nazionale, economica e sociale che ha interessato la città lungo i secoli. Fiume – sia per la posizione geografica, sia per le vicende storiche –, ha avuto un suo ruolo proprio e ha conservato a maggior fatica la integrità della sua anima e componente italiana. La fine del XIX e inizio del XX secolo è un periodo dove i giornali rappresentavano l’unico mezzo di collegamento
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