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Nord Stream 2 Annual Monitoring Report NORD STREAM 2 ANNUAL MONITORING REPORT 2018 Environmental and Technical Monitoring of the Nord Stream 2 Natural Gas Pipeline construction and operation in the Finnish EEZ Date 21.10.2019 Project PO 17-5149 Client Nord Stream 2 AG Document ID W-PE-EMO-PFI-REP-892-ANNREPEN-08 The original report is written in Finnish and has been, together with appendices, translated into Swedish and English. If there are conflicting information in the different language versions, the Finnish version prevails. Swedish version SW06 and English version EN08 are equivalent to the final Finnish version FI06. Cover photos: © Nord Stream 2 / Wolfram Scheible and Axel Schmidt Nord Stream 2 Annual Monitoring Report 2018 W-PE-EMO-PFI-REP-892-ANNREPEN-08 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................................................................... 3 SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................................................ 4 1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................................... 8 Project ............................................................................................................................................................ 8 Permits ........................................................................................................................................................... 9 Notifications ................................................................................................................................................ 10 2 CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES DURING 2018 ......................................................................................................... 13 Timing of construction activities ................................................................................................................ 13 Activities performed and vessels used in 2018 ......................................................................................... 13 Surveys ......................................................................................................................................................... 15 Munition clearance ..................................................................................................................................... 17 Rock placement ........................................................................................................................................... 24 Mattress installations at infrastructure crossings ..................................................................................... 30 Pipelay .......................................................................................................................................................... 34 Unplanned events ....................................................................................................................................... 39 3 ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE ................................................................................................................................ 41 Weather conditions..................................................................................................................................... 41 Seabed and sediments ................................................................................................................................ 42 Hydrography and water quality .................................................................................................................. 43 Cultural heritage .......................................................................................................................................... 47 Flora, Fauna and Protected Areas .............................................................................................................. 48 4 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ACCORDING TO THE MONITORING PROGRAMME ...................................... 56 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................. 56 Underwater noise monitoring .................................................................................................................... 59 Water quality and current monitoring ....................................................................................................... 70 Cultural heritage monitoring ...................................................................................................................... 81 Commercial fishery monitoring .................................................................................................................. 85 5 ADDITIONAL MONITORING TARGETS .................................................................................................................. 87 Sediment Contaminant Study ..................................................................................................................... 87 Marine mammals ........................................................................................................................................ 89 Biodiversity .................................................................................................................................................. 92 Ship traffic .................................................................................................................................................... 92 Transboundary Impacts .............................................................................................................................. 93 6 MARINE STRATEGY AND WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVES ............................................................................. 95 7 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ............................................................. 97 8 CONCLUSIONS ...................................................................................................................................................... 99 LIST OF REFERENCES.................................................................................................................................................... 104 Nord Stream 2 Annual Monitoring Report 2018 W-PE-EMO-PFI-REP-892-ANNREPEN-08 2 Annexes Annex 1. Nord Stream 2 Construction activities in 2018 Annex 2. Nord Stream 2 Environmental monitoring in 2018 Annex 3: Permit provisions Annex 4: Water quality and current monitoring in the Gulf of Finland April – September 2018, Luode Consulting Oy (W-PE-EMS-PFI-REP-812-WQCR01EN-05) Annex 5: Long-term water quality and current monitoring in the Gulf of Finland October – December 2018, Luode Consulting Oy (W-PE-EMS-PFI-REP-812-WQCR02EN-03) Annex 6: Underwater noise monitoring during munition clearance in the Finnish EEZ, Luode Consulting Oy (W-GE-EMO-PFI-REP-812-UNWNFIREN-04) 3 ABBREVIATIONS ADCP Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler ADD Acoustic deterrent devices BBC Big bubble curtain BQR Biological quality ratio DCC Distance cross course DP Dynamic positioned EEZ Exclusive Economic Zone EIA Environmental impact assessment FKP Finnish kilometer point FNU Formazin nephelometric units GKP Global kilometre point GOFREP Gulf of Finland reporting system JNCC Great Britain’s Joint Nature Conservation Committee Leq Equivalent continuous sound pressure level MBES Multi-beam echo sounder MDS Mine disposal system MMO Marine mammal observer NEQ Net explosive quantity NSP2 Nord Stream 2 project NTU Nephelometric turbidity unit PAM Passive acoustic monitoring device PSU Practical salinity unit PTS Permanent threshold shift Q Quarter of the year RHIB Rigid-hulled inflatable boat ROV Remotely operated vehicle SAC Special areas of conservation SCI Sites of community importance SEL Sound exposure level SPL Sound pressure level SPA Special protection areas t Tonne TTS Temporary threshold shift TSS Traffic separation scheme VHF Very high frequency (radio waves from 30 to 300 megahertz) WP Water permit Nord Stream 2 Annual Monitoring Report 2018 W-PE-EMO-PFI-REP-892-ANNREPEN-08 4 SUMMARY Monitoring and reporting of results The Annual Monitoring report 2018 presents the results of the environmental and technical monitoring for the construction activities of the Nord Stream 2 Gas Pipelines in the Finnish Exclusive Economic Zone. Monitoring is based on the environmental monitoring programme, which was approved as part of the Water Permit decision. This report is prepared by Sitowise Oy based on data and reports of Nord Stream 2 AG and its contractors. This annual report includes the final results of 2018 monitoring, and comparisons to the modelling results and impact assessments presented in the EIA Report and the water permit application. Furthermore, the monitoring report includes, as applicable, a comparison to monitoring results of the Nord Stream pipeline project. The quarterly reports, which serve as a basis for the annual report, have been submitted to the monitoring supervisory authorities at ELY Centres, and the environmental authorities of the municipalities. Project and permits In its decision TEM/1810/08.08.01/2017 issued on April 5, 2018, the Finnish Government granted Nord Stream 2 AG a consent to use the Finnish EEZ for construction of a natural gas pipeline system within the Finnish Exclusive Economic Zone as part
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