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Small Satellite Programme @ ISRO Global Markets/ National Requirements Make in India by Dr. J. Krishna Kishore, Associate Project Director, SPADEX, ISRO

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Small Satellite Programme @ ISRO Global Markets/ National Requirements Make in India by Dr. J. Krishna Kishore, Associate Project Director, SPADEX, ISRO Small Satellite Programme @ ISRO Global Markets/ National Requirements Make in India By Dr. J. Krishna Kishore, Associate Project Director, SPADEX, ISRO 59th Annual Technical Convention IETE Sept 2016 New Delhi SMALL SATELLITES – AN INTRODUCTION Why small satellites? • Lower costs • Reduced cycle times for realization • Versatile – Flexi bus concept • Advances in micro electronics / mechanics • Easy to assemble and test • Use COTS technologies, but robust design • Complementary role to traditional big satellites Three key differences from larger satellites: • Shortened life-cycle - “Faster, Better, Cheaper” principles • Mass production via Factory Model • Concurrent engineering IRS-P6 1360kg Carto2 - 690kg Saral 400 kg IMS-1 83kg Nsat-10 kg Psat-1kg Fsat-0.1kg Large Small Mini Micro Nano Pico Femto 2 Small Satellite Programme @ ISRO • A Rich Tradition of over 25+ years : SROSS to SARAL. Significant involvement of Vendor support. • SROSS was a 100+ Kg satellite which was realized for ASLV that helped PSLV. This experience helped in realizing IMS-1 and IMS-2 by incorporating the developments of miniaturization. • IMS- 1 ( 100 Kg Spacecraft --- Micro-satellite ) Youthsat / Mircosat • IMS-2 ( 400 Kg Spacecraft – Mini satellite ) SARAL, France / Scatsat-1 and HySIS / HRSAT etc., • Small Satellite Courses to highlight our capability / capacity - global outreach to enhance business potential * Student Satellite Programme @ Academia • Small Satellites / Constellation proposals being received @ ANTRIX • Small Satellite Constellations being planned by ISRO Growing importance of Small Satellites : Global Scenario https://www.rocketlabusa.com •Rocket Lab is developing a dedicated small satellite launch vehicle at < $ 5 million per launch. Rocket Lab plans to provide at least 100 launches per year. The company announced that the design capacity is 150 kg to 500 km orbit. * UK, Surrey Satellite Technology Limited - Global leader in Small Satellites • Korea, Satrec : Strong Manufacturing Skill for Small Satellites. • Israel Space Agency (ISA) : Strong Manufacturing Skill for Small Satellites. One – Web : 900 Micro S/C to ensure broadband services - internet / communication. Each S/ C < 150kg and cost less than half a million dollars Space X of Elion Musk has grand plans to launch more than 4,000 Small Satellites into Earth orbit over 15 years to ensure global access to Internet. Google / Terrabella ( Skybox ) : Fleet of 180 satellites to provide high revisit Samsung : 4500+ Satellites to provide internet ( proposal stage ) Samsung outlines how 4600 satellites could enable Tbit/s broadband connectivity http://terrabellatech.blogspot.in/2014/02/building-worlds-most- capable.html SkySat-1 is a high performance micro-satellite. It has delivered terabytes of spectacular sub-meter imagery and video - data of incredible business value - at costs lower to earlier systems. Reason for Success --- Manufacturing Concepts adopted by GOOGLE – Terrabella ( Skybox ) OneWeb: First Factory Model for Small Satellites @ America http://www.floridatoday.com/story/tech/science/space/2016/04/19/ oneweb-build-satellites-space-coast/83194754 America - Millennium Space Systems: Factory of the New Millennium (40 S /C per annum) www.millennium-space.com. Millennium Space Systems develops solutions for DoD and NASA. The company has opened “Factory of the New Millennium” in El Segudo, California. The 70,000 square foot facility will accommodate all of Millennium’s satellite Engineering, OneWeb satellites plans to deliver 15 manufacturing and mission operations small communication spacecraft (for activities in addition to 12,000 SFT of internet) a week from its assembly line, dedicated SCIF space. The factory was 900 Internet broadcasting satellites built to accommodate the design, weighing less than 150 kilograms for engineering and production of more launches beginning in 2018 and are than 40 satellites simultaneously for expected to cost less than half a million rapid development cycles. dollars each, Small Satellite Realization- Supply Chain Satellite Work Modules Payload, Inertial Elements, Sensors, Avionics, Structure etc., Suppliers External Vendors Space Grade Subsystem fabrication & Components, Bare Testing PCBs, materials Infrastructure/ DOS Facilities/ Human Policy Resources Making & Assembly Integration Guidelines & Testing User / Customer Launcher & Launch Station Tracking & command Data Reception Station Satellites : Distribution of work-elements in different ISRO Centers. ISAC LEOS SAC IISU LPSC ISTRAC MCF S/C Industry • Capability and Capacity building :: Vendors have been trained in each center & have considerable Sub-System experience. * Time for value addition in Supply Chain via Integration. Goal : Small Satellite realization through Indian Industry with minimal support from ISRO to achieve 5% share in Global Market and meet National Requirements Small Satellites $$ Sub Systems to Spacecraft -- PPP framework Activities @ Only Wet-leasing Work at vendor site Solely by Spacecraft / Sub- by ISRO ( by vendor in with min. ISRO Industry Systems (stage 1) ISRO campus) support (Stage 3) (Stage 4) (Stage 2) Payload Mission & AOCS Avionics Sensor Elements Inertial Elements Propulsion Elements Mechanical & Structures Harness of S/C Test Facilities Assembly / Integration & Testing Shipment for Launch Existing Vendors have ability to become Stake Holders General Activities of Sub-Systems delivery to S/C - Pre AIT Phase Sub-Systems Hardware Software Test Mechanical T & E / Systems R & QA Payload Mission & AOCS Avionics Sensor Elements Inertial Elements Propulsion Elements Mechanical & Structures Harness of S/C This Supply Chain needs to be extended to S / C Activities - Small Satellite Manufacturing Complex Road Map $ Small Satellites $ Make in India / Digital India * Small Satellite realization is within reach of Indian Industry with minimal support from ISRO ( 80 / 20 ). • Goal of 5% share in Global Market + National Requirements in 5 years. 250 Satellites in 5 years -> 50 S/C per annum -- > Make in India • Capacity / Capability building of Indian Industry to realize 12 Small Satellites per annum & increase it to 50 Satellite per annum after 2 to 3 years. * COTS philosophy / Mil Components in place of Hi-Rel components wherever possible will make it easy for Constellations / Costing. • Industry to establish a dedicated Small Satellite Manufacturing Complex . ISRO to provide consultancy / training & hand-holding in initial phase. • Additional business opportunity in ground segment ( H/W & tracking services ), data processing, analysis & applications to downstream services. • Replacement of launched satellites will be additional business in Future. RESEARCH TRENDS & TECHNOLOGY INNOVATIONS – DRIVERS FOR MAKE IN INDIA Dr M H Kori Retd Technical Director, Alcatel Lucent Technologies (Nokia?)! All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2006, ##### Research Trends •Non Orthogonal Multiple Access •Massive MIMO •Probabilistic Constellation Shaping •mmwave for mobile communication •Beyond 4G – for IoT All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2006, ##### Start ups •Find Solutions for real life problems •Use Technology •Innovate •Design & Manufacture in India •Own IPRs All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2006, ##### Potential Areas •Education . Virtual / Hybrid Labs . Aggregation . Accreditation •Medical / Health Care •Transportation / Automotive •Resource Management •Environment . Pollution All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2006, ##### Start Ups •Too many “Me-Too” – ideas that are replicas •Suddenly everyone wanted to solve the problem of food delivery in India or laundry •Entrepreneurs started to expect very high valuations with ideas that at best were replicas and little traction. •Weak unit economics, and entrepreneurs who were largely opportunistically entering these spaces without any real passion or pertinent skill- set driving them. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2006, ##### •Unfortunately, these entrepreneurs were able to raise money from investors at these high valuations. Raising money became the norm suddenly, not the exception. •The fear of missing out (FOMO) ran high amongst investors – many of whom were either first-time investors or investors who had missed the “unicorn” bus. We were under pressure too – surprisingly, it was tougher than ever to say no to startup ideas that just failed to make any business sense. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2006, ##### •Interesting problems still remain unsolved: After the hysteria of hyperlocal delivery and food tech dies down, entrepreneurs must realise that India has a large number of basic, interesting, and uniquely Indian problems yet to be solved. •Technology, specifically mobile and Internet technology, can be leveraged to solve hitherto hard-to-solve problems, whether it is making payments easier, aggregating unorganised markets/verticals, or using data analytics/big data to make services and products more targeted. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2006, ##### •There are several interesting themes: •These include, but are not limited to, financial technology, healthcare technology, education technology, media and entertainment tech (including video), marketplaces, mobile security technology, utility apps, and enterprise software products. •We can't wait to be surprised by what the Indian entrepreneurs throw at us this year. • All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2006, ##### • India is already a world leader in IT software and services. • With the Make in India initiative, the government hopes to bring
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