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Pesec-Andrej.Pdf UNIVERZA V LJUBLJANI FAKULTETA ZA DRUŽBENE VEDE Andrej Pešec Iskcon v mednarodnih odnosih Diplomsko delo Ljubljana, 2013 UNIVERZA V LJUBLJANI FAKULTETA ZA DRUŽBENE VEDE Andrej Pešec Mentor: doc. dr. Milan Brglez Iskcon v mednarodnih odnosih Diplomsko delo Ljubljana, 2013 Iskcon v mednarodnih odnosih Iskcon na mnogo različnih načinov vpliva na mednarodne odnose in na podobo sveta. Njegov ustanovitelj Šrila Prabhupada, prejšnji veliki učitelji vajšnavizma in duhovni učitelji, ki danes po svetu širijo zavest Krišne v okviru Iskcon-a, ljudem po svetu prispevajo ogromno količine milosti, duhovnega znanja, starodavne vedske zapuščine modrosti in z lastnim primerom učijo naravne – božje zakonitosti, večno dolžnost vseh živih bitij, ljubezen do vseh živih bitij ter delovanje v skladu s svetimi spisi. Iskcon pojasnjuje delovanje, težave, rešitve in smisel materialnega sveta. Iskcon je filozofsko, znanstveno in religijsko gibanje z izjemno filozofsko osnovo preprostega življenja in visokega razmišljanja, čistoče, usmiljenja, tolerance, strogosti, ponižnosti in odpuščanja; marsikomu v kapitalističnem svetu varanih in prevaranih takšna učenja preprosto niso všeč, saj ljudi uči naprednega razmišljanja, inteligentnega delovanja, služenja Vsevišnji Božanski Osebnosti na razne načine in prehod od grobega potrošniškega materializma, polnega sebičnih interesov in čutnega uživanja, k duhovnosti ter vračanje k življenju na vasi in delu na zemlji. Iskcon ima člane, templje in druge centre na vseh kontinentih, številni člani Iskcon-a zasedajo zelo ugledne položaje v družbi. Iskcon sodeluje s številnimi drugimi religijskimi gibanji, mednarodnimi institucijami; v akademskih krogih uživa velik ugled, izmed vseh svetovnih religijskih gibanj se najhitreje širi. Ključne besede: religija, nova religijska gibanja, mednarodni odnosi, Hare Krišna. Iskcon in international relations Iskcon is influencing international relations and world outlook in many different ways. Its founder acarya Srila Prabhupada, former vaishnava acaryas and spiritual teachers, who propagate Krishna conscience worldwide offer people throughout all the world enormous amounts of mercy, spiritual knowledge, antique vedic legacy of wisdom and teach natural – divine principles, eternal duty of all living beings, love to all living beings and acting in accordance with holy scriptures. Iskcon is explaining functioning, problems, solutions and the purpose of material world. Iskcon is philosophycal, scientific and religious movement with extraordinary philosophycal foundation of simple living, high thinking, cleanliness, mercy, tolerance, austerity, humility and forgiveness; many in capitalistic world of cheaters and the cheated simply do not like these teachings, which instruct people with advanced thinking, intelligent functioning, serving the Supreme Personality of Godhead in many ways and transition from grave consumptive materialism, full of selfish interests and sense enjoyment to spirituality and returning back to living in small villages and working on land. Iskcon has members, temples and other centres on all continents, many Iskcon members are functioning on very respectable ranks in society. Iskcon is cooperating with many other religious movements, international organizations; it enjoys high reputation in academic circles, its spreading is the fastest among all world religions. Key words: religion, new religious movements, international relations, Hare Krishna. Kazalo 1 UVOD ....................................................................................................................... 6 2 RELIGIJA ............................................................................................................... 10 2.1 FUNKCIJE RELIGIJE..................................................................................... 13 2.1.1 INTEGRACIJSKA – POVEZOVALNA FUNKCIJA ............................. 13 2.1.2 SOCIALNO-KONTROLNA FUNKCIJA ............................................... 14 2.1.3 KOMPENZACIJSKA FUNKCIJA .......................................................... 15 2.2 NOVA RELIGIJSKA GIBANJA (NRG) ........................................................ 16 2.3 ZNANOST O MEDNARODNIH ODNOSIH IN RELIGIJA ......................... 19 2.3.1 REALIZEM .............................................................................................. 22 2.3.2 INSTITUCIONALIZEM .......................................................................... 25 2.3.3 LIBERALIZEM ....................................................................................... 28 2.4 SUBJEKTI MEDNARODNIH ODNOSOV .................................................. 30 3 VAJŠNAVIZEM ..................................................................................................... 34 3.1 GAUDIJSKI VAJŠNAVIZEM – ČAJTANJA VAJŠNAVIZEM ................... 38 3.2 ŠRI ČAJTANJA MAHAPRABHU ................................................................. 41 3.3 NJEGOVA BOŽANSKA MILOST A. C. BHAKTIVEDANTA SWAMI PRABHUPADA ......................................................................................................... 43 3.4 MEDNARODNA SKUPNOST ZA ZAVEST KRIŠNE (ISKCON) .............. 48 3.4.1 GOVERNING BODY COMMISSION (GBC) ........................................ 54 3.4.2 MINISTRSTVA ISKCON ....................................................................... 56 3.4.3 ODBORI ISKCON ................................................................................... 58 3.4.4 ISKCONRESOLVE .................................................................................. 58 3.4.5 ISKCON IN IZOBRAŽEVANJE ............................................................. 59 3.5 ISKCON-OVA MEDNARODNA HUMANITARNA DEJAVNOST ........... 62 3.5.1 FOOD FOR LIFE GLOBAL (FFLG) ...................................................... 63 3.5.2 ISKCON FOOD RELIEF FOUNDATION (IFRF) ................................. 64 3.5.3 FUNDACIJA AKSHYA PATRA ............................................................ 65 3.6 ISKCON IN ORGANIZACIJA ZDRUŽENIH NARODOV (OZN) .............. 66 3.7 POBUDA ZDRUŽENE RELIGIJE – UNITED RELIGIONS INITIATIVE (URI) ...........................................................................................................................74 3.8 PARLAMENT SVETOVNIH RELIGIJ (PSR) ............................................... 75 4 ISKCON IN ODNOS DO DRUGIH RELIGIJ ....................................................... 77 4 4.1 ISKCON V ODNOSU DO DRUGIH Z VERO V BOGA .............................. 78 4.2 ISKCON-OVA KOMISIJA ZA ODNOSE Z DRUGIMI RELIGIJAMI ........ 81 4.3 SODELOVANJE S KRISTJANI ..................................................................... 82 4.4 SODELOVANJE Z MUSLIMANI ................................................................. 88 4.5 SODELOVANJE Z JUDI ................................................................................ 89 4.6 SODELOVANJE S HINDUJCI ...................................................................... 91 4.7 SODELOVANJE Z BUDISTI ......................................................................... 93 5 ISKCON IN EVROPSKA UNIJA (EU) ................................................................. 96 5.1 ISKCON V VELIKI BRITANIJI (VB) ........................................................... 98 5.2 ISKCON V NEMČIJI .................................................................................... 100 5.3 ISKCON V KAZAKSTANU ........................................................................ 101 5.4 ISKCON V RUSIJI ........................................................................................ 102 5.5 ISKCON V SLOVENIJI ................................................................................ 103 6 SKLEP ................................................................................................................... 107 7 LITERATURA ...................................................................................................... 111 PRILOGA A: Intervju z Urošem Lebarjem, predstavnikom za komunikacije Mednarodne skupnosti za zavest Krišne v Sloveniji .................................................... 111 5 1 UVOD Vsako živo bitje se rodi, nekaj časa obstaja, se postara in umre. Redki so, ki se vprašajo, kakšen je smisel življenja. Kdo se skriva za tem fenomenom, ki omogoča takšno sistematično delovanje vsega vesolja, kateremu radi rečemo (mati) narava? Če je mati narava, kdo je potemtakem oče? Kdo je ustvaril sonce, letne čase, vse organizme od najpreprostejšega pa do še najbolj popolnega – človeka? Kdo je »napeljal« najpopolnejši vodovod na svetu; tak, ki se vseskozi sam obnavlja, in nam omogoča nenehno obnavljanje vode, četudi jo že resnično zlobni ljudje bolno zastrupljamo z raznimi pripravki za zatiranje vseh vrst škodljivcev, ne spoznamo pa, da smo največji škodljivci naravi in drugim živim bitjem dejansko mi sami. Kdo je ustvaril semena in njihovo neverjetno sposobnost, da iz malega kalčka zraste bogata rastlina s plodovi, ogromno drevo? Če smo zemljani bratje in sestre, kdo je tedaj oče in mati? Zavoljo svečanih pojedin in lenega posedanja po piknikih pokoljemo milijarde živali, četudi je človeku namenjena izključno rastlinska prehrana. Posamezniki in podjetja so iz slehernega področja življenja naredili pravi umazani posel; vladajo nam prevaranti, ljudje pa smo napačno vodeni in prevarani od malih korakov, ko (vnovič) pridemo na ta čudovit, a nenavaden svet. Prišli smo tako daleč, da je govora o nujnem zmanjšanju svetovnega prebivalstva, saj naj ne bi bilo dovolj hrane; dejstvo je, da če ves
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