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Universidade De Brasília UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASÍLIA INSTITUTO DE LETRAS DEPARTAMENTO DE LÍNGUAS ESTRANGEIRAS E TRADUÇÃO CURSO DE LETRAS – TRADUÇÃO TIAGO DE OLIVEIRA VIEIRA A TRADUÇÃO DO HUMOR É UM ASSUNTO SÉRIO: UM ESTUDO DO HUMOR E SUAS TÉCNICAS TRADUTÓRIAS UTILIZADAS EM AWKWARD SITUATIONS FOR MEN DE DANIEL FREDERICK WALLACE Brasília Março de 2013 2 TIAGO DE OLIVEIRA VIEIRA A TRADUÇÃO DO HUMOR É UM ASSUNTO SÉRIO: UM ESTUDO DO HUMOR E SUAS TÉCNICAS TRADUTÓRIAS UTILIZADAS EM AWKWARD SITUATIONS FOR MEN DE DANIEL FREDERICK WALLACE Trabalho apresentado como requisito parcial à obtenção de menção na disciplina Projeto Final do Curso de Letras – Tradução, sob a orientação da Professora Ph.D. Válmi Hatje- Faggion, do curso de Letras – Tradução da Universidade de Brasília. Brasília Março de 2013 3 TIAGO DE OLIVEIRA VIEIRA A TRADUÇÃO DO HUMOR É UM ASSUNTO SÉRIO: UM ESTUDO DO HUMOR E SUAS TÉCNICAS TRADUTÓRIAS UTILIZADAS EM AWKWARD SITUATIONS FOR MEN DE DANIEL FREDERICK WALLACE Projeto Final apresentado junto ao curso de Letras – Tradução – Inglês da Universidade de Brasília como requisito parcial para a obtenção do título de bacharel. Aprovado em 6 de março de 2013. BANCA EXAMINADORA _________________________________________________ Profª. Drª. Soraya Ferreira Alves – Universidade de Brasília _________________________________________________ Profª. Drª. Cristiane Roscoe Bessa – Universidade de Brasília _________________________________________________ Profª. Ph.D. Válmi Hatje-Faggion – Universidade de Brasília 4 Dedico este trabalho aos meus colegas de curso, principalmente aqueles que tenham interesse pela tradução do humor e queiram adquirir uma visão geral dos desafios linguístico-culturais enfrentados na hora de transcrevê-los de uma língua à outra, e também a Ingrid de Souza Nazareth e Mislene Luiz Silva de Oliveira, duas pessoas incríveis que influenciaram na construção do meu senso de humor e proporcionaram as melhores risadas da minha vida. 5 Agradeço primeiramente aos meus pais, Maria Zélia de Oliveira Vieira e José Vieira Oliveira por sempre acreditarem no meu potencial e por terem me ensinado que com esforço e dedicação é possível alcançar o inalcançável; ao meu parceiro, Branko Stedeli, pelo amor e apoio incondicional, pela constante compreensão, e por me fazer a pessoa mais feliz deste mundo; agradeço também às minhas irmãs, Clélia Mororó de Oliveira e Cleonice de Oliveira de Sousa, pelo imenso carinho e admiração; aos meus amigos, Fernanda Gomes Eirão, Ingrid de Souza Nazareth, Mislene Luiz Silva de Oliveira e Thiago Silva Brito, pela colaboração e paciência nos momentos mais críticos durante a elaboração deste Projeto Final, e um agradecimento muito especial à minha orientadora e professora, a Ph.D. Válmi Hatje- Faggion, que através dos seus conselhos e sugestões me ajudou na produção e aperfeiçoamento deste trabalho. 6 Die Dominante aller Translation ist deren Zweck. Hans-Josef Vermeer “A regra dominante de toda tradução é o seu objetivo.” Hans-Josef Vermeer (Tradução de Fabrício Coelho) 7 RESUMO Este trabalho aborda conceitos essenciais relacionados ao humor, algumas de suas principais teorias e as estratégias utilizadas na sua tradução. O objetivo é propor os aspectos que o tradutor pode analisar em um texto humorístico a fim de traduzí-lo de uma língua e cultura à outra sem perder sua função primordial: o riso do leitor. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo sobre as reflexões teóricas a respeito do humor. Em seguida, foi realizada a tradução do inglês para o português da obra “Akward situations for men” de Danny Wallace (2010), e, por último, foi apresentada uma descrição detalhada sobre os aspectos do texto de partida relevantes para esse tipo de tradução. A tradução e as observações feitas durante o processo tradutório mostram que o conhecimento cultural é imprescindível para se traduzir um texto humorístico e manter o seu efeito humorístico sobre o leitor. Palavras-chave: Humor; Tradução; Texto humorístico; Tradução do humor; Conhecimento cultural; Marcas culturais. 8 ABSTRACT This academic work broaches essential concepts related to humor, some of its main theories and strategies used when translating it. The objective is to present the aspects of a humorous text that the translator can analyze in order to translate it from one language and culture into another without losing the humor’s primordial function: the reader’s laughter. For this purpose, a study about the theoretical reflections regarding the humor was carried out. Then, the translation was made from English into Portuguese of eleven chapters of the book “Akward situations for men” written by Danny Wallace (2010), and finally a detailed description was presented about the humorous text aspects that are relevant for this kind of translation. The translations and observations made during the translation procedure show that cultural knowledge is indispensable to translate a humorous text and keep its same humoristic effect on the reader. Key-words: Humour; Translation; Humorous text; Translating humor; Cultural knowledge; Cultural marks. 9 ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Bei dieser wissenschaftlichen Arbeit geht es um einige essenziellen Konzepte des Humors und manchen deren hauptsächlichen Theorien und Strategien, wenn ein Text übersetzt wird. Das Ziel ist die Aspekte eines humoristischen Texts zu zeigen, die ein Übersetzer beachten kann, um einen solchen Text von einer Sprache und Kultur in eine Andere zu übersetzen ohne das es die ursprüngliche Funktion verliert, welche lautet: das Lachen des Lesers. Zu diesem Zweck wurde eine Studie über die theoretischen Reflexionen durchgeführt. Dann wurde die Übersetzung vom Englischen ins Portugiesische von elfen Kapiteln des Buches „Akward situations for men“ von Danny Wallace (2010) getätigt und letztendlich wurde eine ausführliche Beschreibung über die Aspekte eines humoristischen Textes dargestellt, die relevant für diese Art von Übersetzung sind. Die Bemerkungen, welche während des Übersetzungsablaufs gemacht wurden, zeigen, dass die kulturelle Kenntnis unentbehrlich ist, um einen humoristischen Text zu übersetzen und somit denselben humoristischen Effekt beim Leser zu bewahren. Schlüsselwörter: Humor; Übersetzung; Humoristischer Text; Übersetzung von Humor; Kulturelles Kenntnis; Kulturellen Zeichen. 10 RÉSUMÉ Ce travail académique s’approche aux certaines notions essentielles liées à l’humour, quelques de ses principaux théories et les stratégies utilisées dans sa traduction. L’objectif est de proposer les aspects que le traducteur peut analyser dans un texte humoristique afin de le traduire d’une langue et culture à l’autre sans perdre sa fonction primordiale: le rire du lecteur. À cet effet, une étude sur les réflexions théoriques a été effectuée. Ensuite, la traduction de l’anglais en portugais des onze chapitres du livre “Awkward situations for men” de Danny Wallace (2010) a été realisée et, finalement, une description détaillée sur les aspects du texte de départ qui sont pertinentes pour ce type de traduction. La traduction et les observations faites pendant la procédure de traduction montrent que la connaissance culturelle est indispensable pour traduire un texte humoristique et maintenir son effet humoristique chez le lecteur. Mots-clés: Humour; Traduction; Texte humoristique; Traduction de l’humour; Connaissance culturelle; Repères culturels. 11 RIASSUNTO Questo lavoro accademico affronta alcuni dei principali concetti relativi all’umore, alcuni dei suoi fondamentali teorie e le strategie utilizzate nella sua traduzione. Lo scopo è proporre gli aspetti che il traduttore può analizzare nel testo umoristico al fine di tradurre da una lingua e cultura all’altra senza perdere la funzione primordiale: la risata del lettore. A tal fine, uno studio è stato realizzato circa le riflessioni teoriche riguardo all'umore. Quindi, la traduzione dall’inglese al portoghese di undici capitoli del libro “Akward situations for men” da Danny Wallace (2010) è stata effetuatta e, infine, una dettagliata descrizione è stata fatta circa gli aspetti del testo di partenza che sono pertinenti per questo tipo di traduzione. La traduzione e le osservazioni che sono state fatte durante il processo di traduzione mostrano che la conoscenza culturale è imprescindibile per tradurre un testo umoristico e mantenere il suo effetto umoristico sul lettore. Parole chiave: Umore; Traduzione; Testo umoristico; Traduzione dell'umore; Conoscenza culturale; Marchi culturali. 12 RESUMEN Este trabajo abarca algunos conceptos esenciales relacionados con el humor, algunas de sus principales teorías y las estrategias utilizadas en su traducción. El objetivo es proponer los aspectos que el traductor puede analizar en un texto humorístico a fin de traducirlo de una lengua y cultura a la otra sin perder su función primordial: la risa del lector. Para eso, fue realizada un estudio sobre las reflexiones teóricas relacionadas con el humor. Posteriormente, fue realizada la traducción del inglés al portugués de once capítulos del libro “Awkward stituations for men” de Danny Wallace (2010) y, por último, fue presentada una descripción detallada sobre los aspectos del texto de partida relevantes para ese tipo de traducción. La traducción y las observaciones hechas durante el proceso de traducción muestran que el conocimiento cultural es imprescindible para traducir un texto humorístico y mantener su efecto humorístico sobre el lector. Palavras clave: Humor; Traducción; Texto humorístico; Traducción del humor; Conocimiento cultural; Marcadores culturales. 13 SUMÁRIO INTRODUÇÃO.......................................................................................................................15
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