THE Cornell black students tell their side of the story MILITANT - story page 7 - Published in the interests of the Working People Vol. 33- No. 19 Friday, May 9, 1969 Price 15c Notables urge aid to Jackson soldiers; Gls United spreads to Ft. Bragg
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FIGHT VICTIMIZATION: Queen College students in New York war in Vietnam. In some a reas, thestruggleescalated. At Voorhees hold rally a nd sit-in to demand ha lt to victimiza tion of tudent College, a primarily black campus in Denmark, S.C., National fighters for a relevant education. Acti on was pa rt of nationwide Guardsmen a nd sta te troopers were called up to suppress the campus a nd high school upsurge. New York high schools and "liberated Malcolm X University." Recalling the murder of three colleges are scene of unprecedented protests. Key issues: black black students in Ora ngeburg, S.C. last year, the black students and Puerto Rican control of education, end to complicity with had armed themselves in self-defense. Page 2 THE MILITANT Friday, May 9, 1969
Mailer in Democratic primary THE MILITANT Editor: HARRY RING Business Manager: BEVERLY SCOTT Author without had gotten a call from the Gaines Published weekly by The Militant Publishing Ass'n., 873 Broadway, New York, ville Police saying that Monts was N.Y. 10003. Phone 533-6414. Second·dass postage paid at New York, N.Y. in the car. The"Jomo 5" and their Subscription: domestic, $4 a year; foreign, $5.50. By fll'st class mall: domestic a program L•.ett.er•.s and Canada $10.50; all other countries, $15.00. Air printed matter: domestic car were searched without war and Canada, $15.00; Latin America, $24.00; Europe, $28.00; Africa, Australia, rants. The five were on their way Asia (including USSR), $33.00. Write for sealed air postage rates. Signed articles New York, N.Y. to Sarasota's New College to par by contributors do not necessarily represent The Miliwnt's views. These are ex I am a student at Columbia frorn our pressed in editorials. ticipate in a Martin Luther King University and a supporter of memorial. the Boutelle mayoral campaign. After the five were searched, they Vol. 33-No. 19 Friday, May 9, 1969 On Monday, April28, Norman re.·oders were taken to Hernando County's Mailer and Jimmy Breslin, who jail, where their shoes were taken are running in the Democratic The closing news date for this issue was May 2. primary for mayor and president This column is an open forum from them, and were thrown in of the city council, spoke at Co for all viewpoints on subjects of jail without any charges being lumbia. I went to hear what the general interest to our readers. preferred. "opposition" had to say; I had Please keep your letters brief. Where A few hours later Charles Ful Defamation by Anti-Defamation League expected some kind of serious poli necessary they will be abridged. wood's head was shaved by de tical discussion, but was sadly Writers' initials will be used, names puties- against his will, of course. disappointed. being withheld unless authorization Hours later, charges were brought is given for use. against the five for "transporting The Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith presents itself as a About 300 Columbia students politically nonpartisan opponent of racial, religious and ethnic came to hear the Mailer-Breslin obscene literature and film." The ticket. Mailer's "political" appeal any substantive political ques "obscene" film was a Black Panther discrimination in general, and anti-Semitism in particular. It has seemed to rest on his extensive tion in a serious way, which left film about the Oakland Panthers. exposed and documented the activities of various racist and hate four-lettered vocabulary, which the feeling with many kids that he, The "obscene" literature was a few groups. the kids really grooved on. It like other capitalist candidates be Jomo Newsletters. Charles Ful But now, exploiting its public image as a disinterested opponent made up in a small way for his fore him, was laughing at their wood, James Wright, Mae Edith of hate groups, the ADL has undertaken a dishonest campaign Williams, Joe Frank Lee and I lack of a rational political pro political intelligence. against legitimate political opponents of Zionism. As reported in Paula Reimers are now out of jail on $500bond. gram. the April 21 New York Times, Arnold Forster, general counsel Mailer declared that if elected he Each of us faces a possible sen for the ADL, charged that "the expansion of Fatah's armed ter would amend the city charter to Gl in Vietnam tence of one year in prison and allow "neighborhood rule" - the $500 fine if convicted. rorism against Israel coincides with considerable success in political essence of the MaUer wants it told straight After being bonded out of jail, mobilizing extremist support in the United States." Without having Breslin campaign. Under "neigh the five returned to Gainesville. the honesty to say so directly, the ADL falsely presents anti The next day, an editorial appear borhood rule" any group of peo Vietnam Zionism as identical with anti-Semitism. ple, no matter how small, could am writing this letter to find ed in a local newspaper calling Among the groups smeared ("exposed" to use ADL language) for the arrest of Charles Fulwood declare themselves a "neighbor out a little bit about your paper, by the ADL was the Socialist Workers Party, which has had a hood" and then proceed to set up for "inciting to violence." Later on, The Militant. I am a young indi long, public record of opposition to anti-Semitism- as well as an I was an ~sted for "resisting arrest their own sanitation service, po vidual in the armed forces. I hear lice force, fire department and with violence" after being falsely equally long and equally public record of political opposition all this stuff about the United to Zionism and support to the Arab revolution. transportation network. States being such a great country, accused of "petty larceny." I was brutalized by seven cops and ta Each "neighborhood" would set but they have yet to prove it The ADL's officially stated concern in exposing anti-Semitism ken to jail and placed on $525 up its own rules, and if "anyone to me. i.e., prejudice and discrimination against Jewish people-is a bond. didn't like the rules of the neigh If you have any other books, worthy one. Repression is continuing in borhood he was living in, he magazines, etc., that you print, But the ADL tramples on the facts and oversteps its own bounds could move." There would be a Gainesville, but is building a would you please send me a list. when it falsely equates political opposition to Zionism and the left-wing neighborhood and a movement. Thank you. Janice Harvey Israeli state with anti-Semitism-without even the decency to discuss right-wing neighborhood, a rich GI neighborhood, and a poor neigh Minister of Culture, Jomo Zionism politically. borhood, all operating auto In contradistinction, the anti-Zionism of the Socialist Workers nomously. Florida black militants New Zealand army Party, and of this publication, has been politically motivated. It When asked if this plan would has proceeded from the needs and interests of the Arab and Jewish allow discrimination and preju framed up again also racist masses, the struggle against imperialism and for socialism. dice, Mailer said, "Yes, it proba Zionism's goal, the creation of an exclusively Jewish national bly would. I don't care if people Gainesville, Fla. Toronto, Ont. have their prejudices and racism, Jomo, a militant organization Here is an interestingpiecefrom state in Palestine, meant the forcible political and physical dis as long as they're willing to pay for black liberation, has faced Te-Hokioi: "Of the New Zealand possession of the Arab majority of that country. Israel today for the privilege. There would be repeated police and court harass army, it is estimated that over relies for its existence upon the military, political, and financial a tax on prejudice." ment in Gainesville. Recently, bro half is Maori. Of the New Zea support of American imperialism. As such, Israel stands as a key Mailer admitted that "with this ther Charles Monts, Minister of land forces in Vietnam, it is es stone in counterrevolutionary opposition to the Arab masses of the plan, there would be a lot more Interior for the Gainesville Jomo, timated that about two-thirds are Middle East. Maori. Of the New Zealand forces conflict than now, but it would did not show up for his trial. Those who have scoffed at the idea of an Arab revolution, be more authentic." in Vietnam fighting in the battle Monts was out of jail on $8,500 those who could see only kings and dictators, now have their At one point Mailer said, "One bond. Monts was framed on a zone it is estimated that about answer in the Al Fatah and other revolutionary guerrilla orga advantage of this system is that number of charges for which he seven-eighths are Maori." it would be a direct and frontal probably would have gotten up Does this pattern sound fami nizations. The political differentiations in the Arab world are be attack on the power of the unions, to life in prison. liar? Remember that Maoris con coming manifest. who keep tying up the city." A few days after the dis stitute about the same percentage The Palestinian Arabs have launched a revolutionary struggle Mailer's whole appeal was to appearance of Monts, Charles of the population as do black against the state of Israel, similar to revolutionary guerrilla the well-justified cynicism many Fulwood, state Minister of Infor Americans; i.e., nearly 10 percent. movements all over the world. Their goal is Palestine free from young people have about capi mation for Jomo and four other Keith Locke imperialist domination. Unlike Israel's actions toward them, the talist politics in general: "I have Jomo members were stopped by Palestinian guerrillas do not propose to drive the Jews into refugee enough bullshit to run for mayor." eight Hernando County sherifrs Minnesotans protest Mailer made no attempt to ex deputies armed with shotguns. camps and to discriminate against them as a people. Their plain why he is running in the The deputies were searching for tax dodges for rich target is an exclusively Jewish state, which has brutally violated Democratic party or to answer Charles Monts, claiming thatthey their national rights. Their anti-Zionist struggle has nothing in St. Paul, Minn. common with anti-Semitism. Three hundred residents ofMin The ADL's smear of the Arab guerrilla movement and its U.S. If you support: nesota's Iron Range picketed the partisans has been gleefully seized upon byless"reputable" sources. state capitol on April 19 to pro The New York Jewish Press, a right-wing sheet, for example, test high property taxes on homes featured a front-page screaming banner headline in its April 25 The antiwar and minimal taxation of giant mining corporations in this area. issue: "U.S. Extremists Aid El Fatah in N.Y." Using the ADL's movement The demonstrators, most of dishonest report, that paper proceeds to whip up a chauvinistic them considerably over 30 years hysteria. Black power old, were unsympathetic to the "Long overdue support for the consistent Jewish Press warning claims of several politicians that of leftist and extremist support for El Fatah Arab guerrilla gangs $1,000 annual tax on working has now come from the Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith. The Cuban people's homes was justified to According to the group, the Arabs are receiving financial, political pay for education and other social Revolution and moral support from almost every radical left organization needs when the mining industry was taxed only five cents a ton new and old- and has been receiving enthusiastic comments from Revolutionary on taconite production. major extremist black racist groups.... " Several legislators and the gov "Among the leftist groups that have given total backing to the socialist ernor came out to "greet" the dem Arab position and aided them politically and morally are: Youth candidates onstrators, trying to cool this pro Against War and Fascism, youth arm of the pro-Chinese Workers test by contrasting it favorably World Party; the Committee to Support Middle East Liberation, with the "violence" of other (i.e., a YAWF front; the U.S. Committee to Aid the NLF (Vietcong); the more youthful) demonstrations. Peking-slaving Progressive Labor Party and the Trotskyite Socialist A Minneapolis Tribune writer, JOIN THE YSA however, noted that the marchers Workers Party. treated Governor LeVander's pro "In addition, it was reported that the largest and strongest of posal for a "study" of the problem the leftist groups, the Students for a Democratic Society, has now with obvious suspicion. gone over to an overt anti-Israel stand. ------clipandmail ------The corporate capitalist system "El Fatah activities have received substantial and favorable Young Socialist Alliance. Box 471 Cooper Station. New York. N. Y 10003. was referred to with hostility se treatment in The Black Panther, official publication of the Black veral times by speakers, who Panther Party, and Muhammed Speaks, organ ofthe Black Muslim IJ I would like more information 0 I want to join the YSA named the mining companies and movement led by Elijah Muhammed.... " especially U. S. Steel as the cause Name. The Jewish Press is filled with tirades against "black extremists," of their problems. "Marxist and pro-Vietcong groups," "black fascists at Cornell," Address . More than 35 copies of The Militant were bought by the dem- "left fascists of SDS," racist anti-Arab jokes, etc. It's the type of City ...... State . . . Zip . onstrators . gutter journal that the Anti-Defamation League's "revelations" J.G. were ready-made for. Friday, May 9, 1969 THE MILITANT Page 3
Red-baiters beaten down
Oakland Chicano students
w1n• fight for studies dep't
By Antonio Camejo But the CSU, at a March 10 informa BERKELEY, Calif.- The Chicano Stu tional picket line, stated that in the nine dent Union at Merritt College has planned, years of its existence,"... Merritt College developed, foughtfor and won the establish has done absolutely nothing to encourage, ment of a Latin and Mexican-American recruit and aid Chicano youth, which would Studies Department here. The new depart have given us a base out of which we ment, under the direction of Fro ben Loza could attract Chicanos to enroll in the da, is offering 11 courses covering topics Chicano program. In all those years Mer from pre-Columbian civilizations to Con ritt showed neither concern nor commit temporary Latin and Mexican-American ment toward the large Chicano community movements. in the area, if anything, it has shown neglect, if not contempt." Photo by Roberto Perez Diaz When the department was frrst proposed As a result of the picketing and wide Froben Lozada mans socialist literature table at na by the Chicano Student Union, the ad spread community supportforthestudents, tional Chicano Youth Conference in Denver. ministration agreed only to individual the Latin and Mexican-American Studies courses suggested, using the rationale that Department was granted the same week. there were not enough Chicanos at Merritt In addition, there is an Afro-American Although the department is not completely The black and brown students passed to warrant a department. Studies Department, established last year. autonomous, all the courses were developed out free food to those who couldn't afford by students, faculty and community people. it and then proceeded to the bookstore, Likewise, all instructors for the department from which hundreds of books were taken. have been chosen by the students, who In an orderly and disciplined manner, Price hikes, budget cuts used as a major criterion for employment the students brought the books to the the degree of involvement in their struggle. auditorium and distributed them to those The Chicano students recommended the in need. As one student stated, "Our educa hiring of Froben Lozada to head up the tion is a right, and when we can't afford bring more misery to poor new department. Lozada had become well books, it's our right totakethem."Acentral known in the Bay Area for his activities demand of the students was for free books "Why are they doing this to us? We work in support of the Third World Liberation for those who couldn't afford them and ed; we produced; we gave them children Front strikes at San Francisco State and community control of the bookstore and for their wars." Berkeley. Recently he was the Socialist cafeteria. Thus spoke a little old lady, sitting in ttl ~~i,()fltll Workers Party candidate for School Direc President Smith did not call police onto her shabby apartment in New York City, tor in Berkeley. the campus, stating that he did not want in an interview with Liz Trotta of NBC pr Merritt College president, Norvell Smith, "to place material values ahead of the health April24. etlin.e the frrst black junior college president in and safety of the staff and students." At Graphically, this woman expressed the California, accepted the Chicano Student the Monday meeting of the Board of Trus problem of the almost 20-million old peo another thrift shop. I got this suit for Union's recommendation that the Board tees, Smith presented a list of demands ple living on pensions or other forms of $1.50; my shirt for 25 cents; my ties for of Trustees hire Lozada on a 100 percent which met with the satisfaction of the stu fixed income. That day, the Bureau of a nickle." contract. dents. He called for a full-time contract Labor Statistics had released its cost-of They worked. They produced. They gave Red-baiting attack for Froben Lozada and funds to continue living index for March 1969 and a sum their children for the wars. Immediately there was a red-baiting the program next year. He also proposed mary of increased costs for the previous And now they sit, alone, in cold flats and racist campaign against Lozada and finding funds to meet the immediate needs year. or on park benches. the Chicano Studies Department. The Ber of students who could not afford the cafe Residents of the New York-New Jersey Why their worsening plight? Every gov keley Gazette and the Oakland Tribune teria's prices or books. He requested of industrial metropolitan complex "main ernmental body-state, city and federal opened their pages to Marion Allred, a faculty members to "be even more sensi tained their unenviable position as infla is busy "cutting the fat" out of their budgets. right-wing candidate for the Board of Trus tive to minority student apprehensions than tionary pace setters." During the past year And the "fat" they are trimming off is in tees, and proceeded to use her campaign you have in the past and to problems of it has cost 6.1 percent more to live here appropriations for welfare, education and as a battering ram against the Chicano low-income students." than it did a year ago. In Los Angeles medical care. students. One community person after another prices went up by 4.5 percent and in For instance, during the very time when The Gazette denounced Lozada as "a rose to back the students' demands. They Detroit, 5.1 percent. reduced appropriations for the New York member of the Trotskyist-Communist So had already made sure that the meeting Price increases in all phases of living hospitals forced Harlem Hospital to close cialist Workers Party," hoping to whip up was moved to a larger hall, big enough jumped one full percentage point during most of its facilites, the New York state an anticommunist hysteria. The Board to accommodate the several hundred peo March 1969-the highestjumpin22years. legislature appropriated $600 million for of Trustees, feeling both strong Chicano ple present. The major items to climb skywards were a new mall in Albany and $1 million for community pressure and the right-wing The issue medical care, food and clothing. a new golf course in Rockland County! slander attack, voted to hire Lozada on Ron Dellums, black city councilman from Another pensioner interviewed by Liz * * * a temporary 60 percent basis. Berkeley, stated to a standing ovation: Trotta, a neat, almost dapper old man, District 65, a union of 30,000 retail Lozada began teaching the next day, "About Ben Lozada. This is the same issue told how he manages. and miscellaneous workers, has formally but not without continued harassment from as with brother George Murray [Black "On Tuesday, in my supermarket, they withdrawn from its parent organization, both the press and right-wing members Panther Minister of Information] at San put out the wilted vegetables they can't the Retail, Wholesale and Department Store of the faculty. On April 11, four white Francisco State. The question is whether sell for us to take free. I buy my clothes Union (RWDSU), and from the AFL-CIO. faculty members walked out of a meeting people with differing opinions have the either at the Salvation Army store or in The newly independent union, whose of the Merritt Council, protesting the hiring right to teach in our institutions of higher membership is largely black and Puerto of Lozada. learning. My answer is 'yes!'" Rican, said it would now work in close At this point, the Chicano students had Fred T. Smith, president of the Associated association with the alliance formed last tolerated as much as they could. On April Students (student council) of Merritt College year between the United Auto Workers 17, members of the Chicano Student Union answered the charges of "vandalism" and and the International Brotherhood of spoke before the Faculty Senate demanding "petty theff' which had been leveled by the Teamsters. that they retract all statements against the press and some white students because Basic to this break from its parent union, hiring of Lozada. When the faculty refused, of the bookstore incident, saying, "Consi District 65 said, is a dissatisfaction with about 100 Chicano, black and white stu the trade-union movement's relationship der for a moment, what prompts a student to minority groups. David Livingstone, dents blocked the exits to the room where to go into a bookstore, walk out with 50 president of District 65, declared: the meeting was taking place. After over books, take them to the auditorium, and "There is a tidal wave of effort and feel three hours, the faculty issued a statement then take only one book for himself and ing on the part of the disenfranchised in saying they "did not oppose the hiring go on to his class." this country; organized labor had better of Froben Lozada" and that "they wished The all-white trustees meeting refused waken to this fact and its consequences." him well." The students then decided to to act on Smith's proposals. The meeting He predicted that 15 to 20 thousand other release the teachers and mobilize for the blew up, some students wanting to keep workers in the RWDSU would disaffiliate Board of Trustees meeting the following the trustees there until they gave in, but this year and join District 65 in its efforts Monday. finally deciding to allow them to leave. to organize the unorganized. District 65 A combined meeting of black and Chica On Tuesday, April 22, President Smith has earmarked $400,000, and plans to no students then drafted demands going held a press conference with black and add 50 organizers to its staff to work far beyond the initial issue of Lozada. Chicano community people and stated that among the unorganized in New York and They called for an end to the harassment unless the Board of Trustees acted that in the South. of the black and Chicano studies depart very day he would close the school rather Walter Reuther announced that the UAW ments and faculty, and denounced the high than have it turned into an armed camp. will give District 65 an interest-free loan prices of the cafeteria and bookstore. At 3:30 the same afternoon, president of $120,000. The loan is granted "with Speakers at a rally the next day pointed of the board Dunn and two other trustees out regard to the status of your organi out how the U.S. spends billions in Viet signed an agreement with Smith, granting zation with the RWDS U, for this we con nam and pays farmers not to produce, all the demands. This is an important sider purely an internal matter in which while black, brown and yellow people victory for the black and brown commu we have no right to be involved." go hungry in their very town and school. nities. Reuther is afraid of raiding charges by One black student stated to cheers from The next regular meeting of the Board the AFL-CIO. District 65 is also cautious the several hundred students who had taken of Trustees is scheduled to ratify the agree on this issue and has pledged not to raid over the cafeteria that "this is our school. ment on May 5-by coincidence, a date other unions for members. It is in our community and it will serve which marks the anniversary of the defeat Photo by Alan Mercer -Marvel Scholl our needs." of the French occupation of Mexico. Page 4 THE MILITANT Friday, May 9, 1969
TARIQ ALl DESCRIBES VISIT
Moscow-Peking betrayal • Pakistan
By Dick Roberts erupted was the political censorship." actions in solidarity from West Pakistan [This interview with Tariq Ali was ob In October, Zulfiqar Bhutto, former fo and this has never happened. tained shortly after the well-known anti reign minister and chairman of the oppo "So when the revolt started in West Paki war leader in Britain returned from a one sition People's Party, had been invited stan, this time, when they saw the students month visit to his native country of Paki to speak to students in Rawalpindi, the in West Pakistan facing bullets, then they stan.] capital of Pakistan. The government ban knew the revolt was serious. * * * ned this meeting, but the students decided "This was by the end of November. By Tariq Ali emphasized three things in an to go ahead with it anyway. the middle of December, the East Paki hour-long discussion of the momentous When they assembled to defy the govern stani students were out on strike com events which shook East and West ment ban, they were brutally assaulted pletely, totally shutting down the schools, Pakistan in January and February: by Ayub' s police, leading to an even bigger and leading to the formation of a student e the profoundly anticapitalist character student demonstration the next day. The action committee." of the massive upsurge of students and police attacked this demonstration and Despite the most brutal form of repression workers- and in East Pakistan, also the killed one student. The following day the in the following weeks, the police were peasants; entire student community of Rawalpindi unable to crush the student community. e the absence of a revolutionary leader was out in the streets on strike and the "The students fought against police and Tariq Ali ship which was capable of leading this revolt spread to ather parts of Pakistan. won, they fought against the army, they spontaneous explosion of the masses Within three weeks virtually every edu began to involve other layers of the popu Police opened fire on rebellious coal miners towards the seizure of state power; cational institution was on strike including lation in their movement- and the student in northwest Pakistan, killing their leader. e the blatantly counterrevolutionary right-wing students. uprising became a student-worker revolt." The prime responsibility for failure to role played by both Moscow and Peking "What has happened usually in the past," The workers entered into battle in Jan lead the revolutionary Pakistani masses to during the upsurge and after the military Ali explained, "is that it has always been uary. The Ayub government, since Oct power, and consequently allowing them to takeover by General Yahya Khan. the students of East Pakistan who have ober, had been celebrating ten years of fall back into the hands of military reaction, Tariq Ali arrived in Pakistan on Feb. been more politically conscious, more orga power, its "decade of development." But falls upon the National Awami Party and 21, the day that former president Ayub nized, who have always waited for some the population "knew Ayub's rule for what the mentors of its "righf' (pro-Moscow) Khan resigned in order to pave the way it had really been." and "leff' (pro-Peking) factions. for military dictatorship one month later. "The result was that a complacent govern Under the leadership of the 86-year-old He had been invited by students from both ment and a complacent bureaucracy were peasant fighter Bhashani, the National East and West Pakistan; he had been able taken completely by surprise at the rapi Awami Party has both Khrushchevist and to address audiences of thousands of dity with which the events moved. Maoist factions and is avowedly socialist. workers and students. "In January, large sections of the working But neither of these factions seized this "If there had been a revolutionary orga class came out on strike, because as far unprecedented opportunity to bring so nization to coordinate the three different as the workers are concerned, there had cialism to Pakistan. Either they supported layers of students, workers and peasants been a ten-year wage freeze. Strikes had Ayub, or they flirted with right-wing liberal in East Pakistan," Ali declared, "I think been banned. you would have the seizure of state power." "The workers saw the students fighting tendencies, in line with the pro-Ayub policies of both Moscow and Peking. The roots of the Pakistani eruption go on the streets, shouting slogans of 'long "Sections ofthe pro-Peking National Awa back to student demonstrations in October live student-worker unity,' and they felt mi Party," Ali explained, "used Chinese of 1968, in West Pakistan. if these people can do it, 'look at us, we friendship with Pakistan to opt out of oppo "They had tolerated ten years of Ayub's are much more powerful than them and sition to Ayub. They were forced to join rule, they had tolerated fantastic restraints we can come out onto the streets.' the upsurge by the strength of working-class on their university life, on education. They "So from January the workers were on were not allowed to have any political orga strike-every single working-class organi pressure. nizations inside the universities, elections to zation was involved; there was not a single "Their policy has been one of tailing the student union were banned, university industry which was unaffected; in some the masses instead of offering them any ordinances were enforced which empowered cases workers burned down the factories." perspective or leading them. I have a news report from Pakistan, April 13, in which the government to withdraw academic ~·· / But all of this, Tariq Ali stressed, took degrees from any students who 'mis place without any coordinated leadership a Maoist trade-union leader in Lahore behaved.' of either the workers or the students on a recently declared that he was very pleased "In some universities, it was so strict regional, let alone national basis. The two to see some of the statements made by the that male and female students seen con major political parties tail-ended the stu new military dictator because these are in versing with each other could be punished. dent-worker revolt. agreement with some of the workers' "But the central reason why the students Gen. Yahya Khan By February, the student action com demands! mittee in East Pakistan was virtually in "This is absolutely monstrous! control of the capital, Dacca. "Nothing "The Peking press has not said anything could happen in Dacca without their per about the military coup. It is a source of mission. So much so that the police de great sadness to us that the Chinese revolu C.R. Hedlund, a long-time liberately, on the instructions of the central tion, which is very popular in Pakistan, government, stopped intervening in mur the Chinese leadership, which is very popu ders, petty thefts, burglaries, hoping that lar in Pakistan, has not made a single they would increase." statement about the upsurge. socialist fighter, dies at 90 The strength of the students was dem "There has not been a single comment, onstrated by the fact that they forced the whereas if you compare it to what is happening in India, where two men dem By Charles Scheer of subscriptions to the paper, along with two major political parties, the right-wing Awami League, and the left-wing National onstrate, or two schoolboys go and stone· MINNEAPOLIS-Charles R. Hedlund, other socialist literature. a cow, it is reported in the Peking press. a founding memberoftheSocialistWorkers In his youth, C.R. studied law and got Awami Party, to acceptthe students' radical 11-point manifesto. "They had been praising Ayub. Mao had Party died April 8 at the age of 90. himself admitted to the bar in an effort to Their demands included withdrawal of in fact received General Yahya Khan in A railroad engineer, C.R. had fought more effectively confront the union bu Pakistan from SEATO and nationalization November, a month after the student strug over the years for an effective, democratic reaucrats. He only practiced on one oc gle started, and there was a picture of him union of rail enginemen against the reac casion. That was when, in the depths of the of insurance companies, banks and all major industrial units. in the Peking Review with Chairman Mao, tionary bureaucrats of the Brotherhood McCarthyite witchhunt, the Democrats a report of the statement they issued, and "By the middle of February, things had of Locomotive Engineers and the ruled the 1950 SWP slate off the Minne no mention of the struggle going on in become impossible for Ayub. He could Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen & sota ballot. A local lawyer was necessary Pakistan." either enforce army rule, which, at that Enginemen. In 1919, in 1948, and again to fight the case and carry it to the state Tariq Ali urged that Peking be asked: stage, would have meant a virtual civil in 1951, struggles were launched to either supreme court. C. R. took the assignment; "What is your position on Pakistan? Are war situation, necessitating the massacre merge the various conflicting craft unions the case was won; and the SWP was put you in favor of a revolution in Pakistan? in the rail undustry or to supplant them back on the ballot. of thousands of people-or step down. And if so, why are you supplying arms with a modern industrial union. Comrade C. R.'s union activity, along with a work "Ayub met the opposition leaders, pro and military hardware to the dictatorship? Hedlund was a leader in these fights. schedule that kept him out of town a good mised franchise for adults, at the same "And of course," Ali added, "one doesn't Fifty years ago, when C. R. was on his bit, prevented his involvement in the day time conspiring with the army to provoke expect anything from the Kremlin. They way to a union conference in Chicago, he to-day work around party headquarters. a completely unstable situation. They seem to be vying with Peking to win support met Carl Skoglund on the night train. But he was considerate and very appre started on these tactics when I was in from Pakistan. April 11, Kosygin sent a Skoglund was a leader of both the rail ciative of those comrades who carried out Pakistan. message of support to the new military shopmen and of the then fledgling Commu this committee work, getting out letters "Every single political meeting that I was dictatorship in Pakistan, saying he would nist Party. C. R. was impressed as he'd and leaflets, fixing up headquarters, etc. to address, they tried to break up. In many support anything which would strengthen been by no individual he ever met. After He showed great pleasure and enthusiasm cases there were pitched battles. Pakistani independence and the peoples an all-night discussion, C. R. realized he when the Young Socialist Alliance was "Ayub's supporters roamed around the of Pakistan and wishing him the best of was in agreement with the ideas of revolu launched and a new generation of young cities in trucks carrying guns and firing luck." tionary socialism, joined the Communist people started to join the movement. into the air to create a feeling of complete Tariq Ali said that he hopes to encourage Party, and became an energetic party In his last years C. R. 's health deterio anarchy, provoking the movement. Pakistanis living or studying in Britain, worker. rated, and his great frame was wracked "The extreme right Muslim fanatic Europe and the United States to begin In 1928, when those who opposed the with arthritis. Laid low and discouraged Jamaat-i-Islam Party said they believed in building an alternative to the bankrupt Stalinist degeneration of the CP were ex by his physical decline, C. R. felt too mise creating 'one, two, three, many Indonesias.' political parties of Pakistan which can lead pelled for Trotskyism, C. R. was among rable most of the time to welcome visitors. They said they wanted to kill every socialist it in a revolutionary direction. those Minnesota workers expelled along He had worked so long and hard for the in sight. Ali said that there was interest in the with Skoglund, V. R. Dunne and others. He socialist revolution that it was a great "Big business interests, landlords, were ideas of Trotskyism. "I met a large number then continued with them in building the disappointment to know that he would not saying quite openly that the movement had of independent socialists," he explained, Trotskyist movement, the continuator of live to see this come about. He then started gone beyond all the limits prescribed for "who were not prepared to join any Maoist revolutionary Marxism. to develop political differences on how it. 'The only force and power in the country party, who participated in the movement, C. R. was an exceptionally healthy, vigo socialism might be achieved. Although his which can save us is the army.' In another who were very keen on settingupsomesort rous man and skilled athiscraft. His union comrades in the SWP could not accept these month, Ayub called in the army." of independent and principled opposition opponents admitted that he was a top changed ideas, they still considered him a Ali felt that the military dictatorship in to the dictatorship which formulates stra notch engineer. Others called him the best. "grand old man." Pakistan could become worse than tegies bearing the situation in Pakistan in He always carried copies of The Militant A memorial was held for Comrade Hed the dictatorship in Greece. There are mind and not accepting the line from any in his grip and was a consistent salesman lund by the Twin Cities SWP on April16. already hundreds of political prisoners. outside force." Friday, May 9, 1969 THE MILITANT Page 5
FAMILIAR FACE? Uniformed character in center flanked never heard of him. The April 10 New York Post re by Army intelligence men is referred to by Army lawyers ported that the two families by name of Huffman in Oak as a "certain Pvt. Huffman." "Certain Pvt. Huffman" Park say they never heard of him. One established fact was an Army-planted provocateur-informer in Ft. Jackson is that Army cancelled his slated assignment to Germany Gls United. He says he is from Oak Park, Ill., and be in exchange for services. longed to Chicago CADRE. CADRE members say they
New pain •1n brass: Ft. Bragg Gls United
At Ft. Jackson, S.C., a group called to him until Monday, at which time he 82nd Airborn, and Joe Curtis of the 520th sian were told by their company com Gis United Against the War in Vietnam was given a direct order not to circulate Supply and Service Battalion. They were mander, Capt. Tommy Giles III, that they has proved to be a colossal "pain in the any more petitions. held for several hours at the provost mar were restricted, "to make sure that they brass." The emergence of a second Gis About 9 p.m. Tuesday, April 29, MPs shall's office. The officer confiscated their showed up for morning formation." United, this time at Ft. Bragg, N.C., suddenly apprehended four Gis who had petitions, position papers and clippings The address of the Ft. Bragg antiwar may be not just another pain but a grim just attended a Gis United meeting of and gave them no receipt for this material. group is Gis United, Box437, Spring Lake, portent for the military of things to come. about 40 men. The four apparently chosen When they asked what, if any, charges N. C. For further information, contact them "Standing on the shoulders of Ft. Jack more or less at random from the antiwar were being made against them, the men or the G I Civil Liberties Defense Committee, son"-that is the way soldiers at Ft. Bragg soldiers were Privates Robert Mall, Donald were told to shut up. After being released, Box 355, Old Chelsea Station, N.Y. N.Y. describe their antiwar group. One of the Perkins and Karl Fellrough, all of the the three Gis from the 82nd Airborn Divi- 10011. first projects of the new G Is United was the circulation of a petition addressed to the Ft. Jackson commander, Gen. Hollings worth, expressing the support of the Ft. Bragg enlisted men for their brothers at Ft. Jackson and insisting that the request SMC sets spring action program for a legal on-base meeting be granted. The Ft. Bragg organization has had a number of successful meetings, with up to 50 Gis in attendance. Lastweektheyadopt NEW YORK- The Student Mobilization • holding counter-commencements in the Supreme Court to reverse the local ed the original Ft. Jackson "Statement Committee, organizer of the massive youth volving underclassmen. Holding antiwar decision. We have the backing of the Cleve of Aims" as their own position paper, with participation in the April 5-6 antiwar dem basic training days. land ACLU." a few additions reflecting the special anti onstrations, has announced that its call for e wearing antiwar armbands and but The SMC has urged all local antiwar war commitment of Vietnam returnees, a Spring Antiwar Offensive is gaining tons. In Chicago the high school students groups and SMC chapters to pay special who make up a large part of the Bragg widespread support. are planning a citywide Ft. Jackson 8 attention to the defense of antiwar G Is. Gis United. They pledged continued "There is little doubt that something is Week-they'll be having a Ft. Jackson 8 Chicago SMC reports that it has planned support to the Ft. Jackson 8. Gis United going to happen during both the high armband campaign irl the high schools. a "Ft. Jackson 8 Week," May 12-16, during decided to continue circulating the support school and college graduations," said Carol e organizing militant actions against which there will be a concerted drive on petition to Gen. Hollingsworth, but also Lipman of the SMC national staff. "Ana government figures whom the administra the campuses and high schools, including to draft a petition asking their own base tionally coordinated antiwar campaign tion gets to speak at graduation. Unfurling rallies, petition campaigns and a projected commander, Gen. Tolson, for an open can make a very large impact." antiwar qanners at such ceremonies. city-wide college-high school-Vets demon meeting to discuss the war in Vietnam. The SMC actions will vary from area to e tying in with the black struggle for stration. They'll be circulating G I Civil Harassment of Ft. Bragg Gis has al area and school to school. Some sugges self-determination and allying with the mil Liberties Defense Committee sponsor cards ready begun; the Army obviously hopes tions already raised by the SMC's con itant actions of black high school and col to professors, and plan to raise money for to intimidate the antiwar soldiers before stituent groups are: lege students. the Ft. Jackson 8. they find themselves with another Ft. Jack e demanding the right to run the gradua e organizing against ROTC and other SMC is also calling for national anti son on their hands. On April 25, Pvt. tion ceremony to make it an arena for dis forms of campus complicity with the war. war demonstrations in support of the Ft. Jack Riley of the 406 General Supply cussing the war. One of the key aspects of the SMC cam Jackson 8 when the court-martials begin. Company was stopped while circulating e demanding that an antiwar GI or Viet paign will be in defense of the rights of For further information, write: SMC; Vet be a featured speaker at commence the petition. His petitions and "truth kif' high school students who face continual 857 Broadway; room 307; New York, ment. Presenting petitions against the war (containing the "Statement of Aims" and administration harassment in their organ N.Y. 10003. Phone: (212) 675-8465. and in support of the Ft. Jackson 8 and reprints of articles on the Ft. Jackson izing efforts. Presidio 27 at graduation. Julie Miller, a New York SMCer from case) were confiscated and not returned Dalton High, announced at a press con ference last week that "... many high Antiwar coalition New antiwar paper school administrators try to create the image that high school and junior high stu dents don't have political rights to oppose maps plans in S.F. appears at Ft. Hood the war. But who has a better right to op pose the war than those whose diplomas this The GI Organizer, a new antiwar GI spring mean nothing but a ticket to Sal SAN FRANCISCO- The coalition that newspaper published for servicemen at Ft. got University? Ifthe school bureaucracies built the Easter antiwar march on the Pre Hood, Tex., has just made its appearance. think that we will sit through the com sidio has decided to continue as the GI The first issue of the GI Organizer con mencements and accept our diplomas with Civilian Alliance for Peace (GI-CAP). It• tains an interesting article on the techniques out making a visible protest of the Vietnam next action has been decided: antiwar basic of waging free-speech struggles inside the war and organizing in the high schools for training days, a conference-type activity services and a brief story on Pvt. Andrew that now, then they had better do some in San Francisco on May 21 and June 1. Pulley of the Ft. Jackson 8, in addition to rethinking." The basic training dayll will attempt to news items on various antiwar activities "If the administrations plan to attempt conllolidate organizationally the sentiment around Texas. to prevent us from exercising our consti expressed April 6, when 50,000 marched The new paper is being published with tutional rights, then we will back them up to bring the troops home and free the the aid of the University of Texas Com legally. A Cleveland high school SMCer Presidio 27 and the Ft. Jackson 8. Work mittee to End the War in Vietnam by G Is was suspended from school for wearing an shops are planned on the war, campus stationed at Ft. Hood. Its address is P. 0. April 5 antiwar button and we have taken work, racism in the Army, GI journalillm, Box 704, Killeen, Tex. this to court. . . If necessary, it will go to and other subjects. Page 6 THE MILITANT Friday, May 9, 1969 S.F. tac squad Panther HQ attacks Panther dynamited in headquarters Des Moines By Nancy Strebe MINNEAPOLIS, April 30- An explo SAN FRANCISCO, April 29- The Tac sion early Sunday morning, April 27, tical squad of the police here raided the demolished a large section of the Des headquarters of the Black Panther Party Moines, Iowa, Black Panther Party head yesterday afternoon, provoking an hour quarters, blew out the side of the house long protest by thousands of ghetto resi next door and shattered windows in a dents. three-block area of the black community. The incident began when tac squad units There were several injuries requiring hos started harassing the operators of Panther pitalization, although none were serious. loudspeaker units that were advertising Cops arrested four blacks and maced them a May Day free-Huey rally. and other community people who were Police used the pretext that the loud speakers in front of the Panther head trying to help the Panthers salvage what quarters were being operated without a they could from the damaged area. permit. This was very flimsy, since the Photo by Miriam Bokser(LNS Sunday night there were several fire Panthers used those loudspeakers quite YEAH, YOU, BIG MOUTH! Angered young black woman responds to large bombing attacks on other buildings in the often without permits and have never been mouthed officer during Long Island City, N. Y., high school protest against black community. Although cops were at harassed before. The fact that 160 cops jailing of Panthers. the Panther headquarters and macing com arrived on the scene almost immediately munity people to keep them away within proves that the police action was not un a minute after the explosion, they have planned. been "unable" to stop the bombings or When the police harassment began, the find any clues. The cops have even accused young Panthers manning the speakers used Black workers shut down the Panthers of the bombings. them to summon ghetto residents to their The bombing of Black Panther Party defense. They pointed out that the cops headquarters in Des Moines follows the had no right to be disturbing the peace continually worsening harassment pattern in the black community. New Jersey Ford plant of the Des Moines police. An angry crowd of young black people Just two weeks ago, on Sunday, April built up and responded to the harassment. By Derrick Morrison over the workers, arbitrarily firing black 13, Panther leader Charles Knox was At this point the police, armed with M-16s, MAHWAH, N.J.- On Thursday, April workers, speeding up the assembly line, arrested for using sound equipment at a moved on the Panther headquarters, claim 24, black workers of the United Black and allowing safety standards to slide, public rally. This occurred after the mayor ing that they had seen someone enter with Brothers shut down the Ford assembly thus putting limbs and lives in jeopardy. of Des Moines had informed them they a gun. plant here in Mahwah. Out of this situation arose the United needed no permit for the rally. When that Unable to force their way into the head The immediate grievance was the firing Black Brothers, which was started eight rally was over, cops who had been on quarters, the cops began using tear gas of a black worker who went into the super months ago. hand all afternoon came up and arrested on the building. The Panthers inside were visor's office to inquire about some pro So far the UBB has been able to shut Knox, the deputy minister of education. arrested as they fled from the tear gas. blem. The brother was greeted with a hail down the night shift at Ford. The night Other Panthers and community people there Police then entered the headquarters and of obscenities, telling him in no uncertain shift begins at 4 p.m. and has a high protested this ridiculous charge and were rooted around inside. A squad of cops terms that he was not supposed to be in concentration of black and Puerto Rican promptly arrested. A number of people was stationed outside right in front of the office, and then summarily dismissed. workers. who had witnessed all this moved out the doorway. This action is representative of the racist Since the beginning of the strike the into the community, telling others what Meanwhile, the crowd outside had grown treatment that black workers receive in the UBB has taken the initiative in asking for had happened. Fourteen people were ar to well over 2,000, and rocks and bottles plant. It is an indication of a deeper pro support from black and radical student began flying at the occupying army of blem, which the black workers are now groups. Organizations that have come out rested that day for protesting the cops' cops. becoming sharply aware of-- that they to help are: Black Panther Party of Jersey arbitrary action. Skirmishes between police and black have no real union that represents their City, Students for a Democratic Society, The arrests came just three days before youths lasted over an hour. The main interests. Local 906 of the United Auto Young Socialist Alliance, Youth Against Knox, Mrs. Joeanna Cheatom and her 16- force of cops fmally withdrew and calm Workers hasn't held a representative union War and Fascism, and Progressive Labor year-old son, Marvin Cheatom Jr., were began to return to the area. Traffic on meeting in a year. The leadership of the Party. to be tried on arson charges stemming Fillmore Street had stood still for almost union is lily-white, even though 1, 700 At a rally held on Monday, April 28, from two fires in Des Moines last October, two hours. or 40 percent of the 4,200 workers at the after the night shift had been shut down, which cops two months later decided to The next morning the racist mayor, plant are black and Puerto Rican. There 200-300 black workers gathered at the try to pin on these three activists (The Alioto, blamed the whole incident on the is only one black committeeman and there headquarters of Local 906 to hear speeches Militant, Jan. 10, 1969). Black Panther Party, adding that the city are only three black skilled tradesmen. by UBB leaders, a Black Panther, and The arson trials began April 16 while would "continue vigorous prosecution of Given these circumstances, the Ford ma Mark Rudd of SDS. The rally was held prejudicial scare stories of the arrests in them." nagement has been able to ride roughshod outside the union headquarters because the the park three days earlier abounded in building had been locked up by the union the local commercial press. But the judge bureaucrats. A handful of white workers threw the case out of court because the showed up for the rally. state's case was so weak. That was for Charleston hospital strike Spokesmen for the UBB indicated that the first fire. Another trial is to be held for they were going to try to mobilize as much the second charge of arson, for which the support for the strike as possible. They state has no more evidence than for the announced that plans were underway for first. picketing Ford showrooms and dealers. The trial of the 14 people arrested in continues despite iailings the park incident began April 29. The Panthers are circulating petitions demand By Howard Reed ing the removal of the cops from the black community and an immediate end to cop APRIL 29- The strike of 600 Charles The first major demonstration occurred Ford .workers' ton, S.C., black hospital workers entered March 31, when Rev. Ralph Abernathy interference and agitation in the affairs its seventh week today with more than of the Southern Christian Leadership Con of the black community. 525 people arrested and 1,000 National ference led a march of 1,500 people. Aber demands Knox nad told The Militant just a week Guardsmen in the city. The strike began nathy returned to Charleston on April 22, ago of numerous bomb threats the Black March 20 at Charleston Medical College, and during the next week, a series of Panther Party has received and of threats when 12 workers were fired for union demonstrations and rallies, involving thou 1....•. 'J'he. distnissal. ¢r transf11r of he has received against his life. But as activity. The strikers are demanding rein sands of people have taken place. Most of s~perviS()rs .. with .... ·records of.re he put it, "We shall win without a doubt." statement of these 12, recognition of their those arrested were charged with violating peated acts of .ctiscrhninatipn and What's still standing of the Des Moines union, Local 1199B, Retail Wholesale and a court injunction which limited picketing abv.se. Panther headquarters is being occupied Department Store Union, and the raising to 10 people, standing 10 yards apart. 2. 'J'he reinstate1llePt.ot\V()rkers by the Panthers, who want to rebuild of their pay scales to thoseofwhiteworkers Charleston police chief John M. Conroy who \Vtlre .•. provol
On making the victim the criminal
How the Cornell story was twisted inside-out
By Pat Grogan gitimate and an obvious violation of our ITHACA, N.Y., April 22- The dis rights to be tried by a jury of our peers, tortions of much of the press and the reac and further, the university administration, tion of the Cornell University administra as a party to the dispute, had absolutely tion and politicians in Albany and Wash no right to act as mediator." ington to the actions of the black students Whitfield said the black students became at Cornell is a classic example of making the target of a racist hysteria including the victim the criminal and the criminal threats and actual attacks. He said several the victim. black women students were molested. A In an interview here today with The KKK-style cross was burned on the porch Militant, Ed Whitfield, spokesman for the of Wari, the black women's cooperative Black Liberation Front (formerly the Afro residence. American Society or AAS) which is the Whitfield said: "We called the safety divi black student organization on campus, sion (campus police). They came, knocked gave the story of the recent events at the cross down and left immediately. They Cornell. didn't return for an hour and a half. They Whitfield said the struggle began early made no attempt to discover who had been in November when the AAS demanded responsible, asked no questions, no inves a college of Afro-American studies. He tigation was held, and no protection pro said they felt that Afro-American studies vided. When we insisted, the safety officer was an entity in itself and "certainly de said he had 'to be elsewhere to protect serves as much attention as business ad other lives.' " ministration or architecture." They re Shortly after that, on Saturday, April quested that a major part of the college 19, at 5 a.m. the black students occupied Willard Straight Hall, the student union should be located in an urban center in Photo by Cornell Daily Sun/ LNS close contact with the black community. building. Their demands in the sit-in were: Cornell has units as far away as Puerto amnesty for the five black students pre Cornell black students end occupation Rico. viously disciplined, a 24-hour protection of Wari women's residence, and investi "We felt that a college, rather than a gation of the cross-burning incident. selves and forcibly evict us. We received field said that BLF would continue to use studies center, should be set up in order Later that day a dozen white fraternity reports from various sources, including self-defense if necessary. He also discussed to assure sufficient autonomy," Whitfield men armed with sticks and metal clubs some ofourownpeoplein town, that several future plans of the BLF. explained. entered the building. Whitfield said one carloads of whites with rifles and shotguns He said: "Now that the university has The university administrators flatly re black student was injured before the fra were on their way to Straight Hall." issued us a formal invitation to become fused to consider the proposal. They said ternity men were driven out. The campus The accuracy of these reports was later part of the community [the university com they would agree only to a "center" of guards who were stationed around the corroborated by University Vice President munity] there are some changes that will black studies over which the black students building made no attempt to prevent the for Public Affairs Steven Muller in the have to be made before we would want to would exercise no control. They also placed attack but simply looked the other way. April 28 issue of the Cornell Dally Sun. become part of it, such as the abolition of five black students under disciplinary ac "Later," Whitfield said, "we received a Muller was one of those who negotiated ROTC, which is used to suppress people tions following demonstrations in sup phone call warning us that about a hun with the black students in Straight Hall. all over the world, and the abolition of port of the original demands. dred fraternity boys gathered at Norris When he left he used a university police the Center of International Studies, which The judicial committee set up to try the Center had been drinking heavily and had car to drive him to another part of the develops counterinsurgency techniques to students, Whitfield said, was "totally ille- announced their intention to arm them- campus. Said Muller, "I must say that one be used against the Vietnamese, black and thing that sort of reinforces my perspec third-world peoples all over the world and tive on the thing is that when we got into in the U.S. itself. Also, President Perkins the patrol car, over the police radio the is director of the Chase Manhattan Bank, Wis. courts, school heads driver was told to be on the lookout for a which supports the government of South white Barracuda with six white men and Africa. The board of trustees is so involved four shotguns." in South Africa you'd think they were But this was not all. The black students Bantus, or more to the point, Boers." go after student protesters got several other phone calls threatening (Eleven of the Cornell trustees are also that if they did not leave the building it directors of firms with investments in South would be bombed and that the Wari resi Africa.) By Patrick Quinn attempted to throw Lew Pepper out of the dence would be burned to the ground. MADISON, Wis. April 28- The com university. The prosecution pitted the con In the light of the attacks they had already bined assault of state, city and university flicting testimony of three university cops been subject to, these reports could not Militant action against six witnesses for the defense and authorities on participants in last Februa be dismissed as empty threats. "It was ry's strike at the University of Wisconsin contended that the testimony of the defense only then that we brought the guns into winesses was invalid because all of the six in support of black student demands con the building," Whitfield emphasized. by Boston-area supported the strike. As of this writing, the tinued this past week in Madison. Under these conditions the university committee had not yet given its verdict. In circuit-court trials, five individuals officials abandoned their original plan were convicted and one acquitted of various The Committee Against Political Repres to get an injunction and to bring in police students hits war sion, a recently formed political-defense charges arising from strike activities. to clear the building, and decided instead BOSTON- Several thousand students Among those convicted was Lew Pepper, coalition, organized to combat the repres to negotiate with the black students inside. sion in the wake of the strike, held a noon rallied on the Boston Common April 26 a member of the Madison Young Socialist They agreed to sign a statement granting to demand the immediate withdrawal of Alliance and the united-front strike steering hour rally of more than 300 students to the sit-in demands and the black students support Pepper. Another rally will be held U.S. forces from Vietnam and to proclaim committee. Pepper was pulled off a picket left the building. Before leaving, Whitfield their solidarity with the struggle of the line during the strike by university police for Arthur Winnig when he goes before said, he asked Vice President Muller, "What the committee on April 29. National Liberation Front. and charged with disorderly conduct. After about the white boys and their guns?" The action was called by chapters of Phase three of "Operation Repression" a two-day trial, Judge Richard Bardwell, Muller replied, "Icanpromiseyounothing." the Students for a Democratic Society at found Pepper guilty and fined him $62. involved the activities of the Joint Legis So the blacks left the building carrying lative Investigating Committee (JLIC), Boston, Northeastern and Tufts universi Although acknowledging that the case their guns, but not loaded. ties. Wisconsin's junior HUAC. JLIC was involved a "severe case of double jeo In the hysteria that followed, the faculty Speakers at the rally included Eric Mann formed after the strike with a mandate to pardy" because Pepper had to face uni met April 21 and voted to renege on the of New England regional SDS, Delano "investigate the causes of student disorders versity "disciplinary hearings" later in the agreement. A massive sit-in by thousands Farrar of the Black Panther Party, and on campus." After two months of hearing of students followed in Barton Hall, a Ginny Hildebrand of the Young Socialist week, Judge Bardwell pronounced a guilty "volunteer" witnesses, the committee ap gymnasium. The faculty then met again Alliance. verdict based on a Wisconsin supreme pears to be preparing to step up its witch and reversed their previous vote. Several Eric Mann stressed the importance of court decision that defines disorderly con hunt. duct as "conduct that need not necessarily professors resigned or threatened to resign the student movement reaching broader Last week members of YSA, SDS, the in anger at the "pressure" put on them. sections of the population while continuing be in and of itself disorderly but may, in Madison Committee to End the War in the opinion of the arresting officer, tend President Perkins issued regulations bar to organize ever larger numbers of stu Vietnam and the Wisconsin Draft Resistance ring firearms from campus -except for dents. Delano Farrar pointed to the simi to create a disorderlysituationeventhough Union received a second "special invita that situation need not ever occur." those held by police and the military. larity of U.S. imperialism's oppression tion" from Assistant Attorney General John He also put police guards in front of In other decisions, Robert Reynolds, a of the Vietnamese people to its oppression Armstrong to testify before the committee. Wari and the BLF residence hall. black student from Arkansas, was con of black people at home, and emphasized (For earlier JLIC actions see May 2 A group of professors calling themselves victed of kicking a smoke-bomb cannister the need for unity of all the oppressed in Militant ) Included with the invitations were the Committee of Concerned Faculty issued back into the ranks of National Guards struggle against it. He urged that every excerpts from the Wiseouin Statutes rela a statement April 25 stating that the arms one present turn out for the Boston rally men, and Arthur Winnig was convicted ting to the "liability of witnesses" and the of the black students were for self-defense of "building a barricade of chairs" in a supporting Huey Newton slated for May 1. "procedure of subpoena for witnesses." The and deplored any attempt to confiscate university building. Ginny Hildebrand discussed the growing "invited" organizations announced plans them. The committee is composed of 70 to Phase two of the combined assault has antiwar sentiment inside the armed forces to hold a press conference on April 29 80 faculty members, according to Prof. and the importance of civilian support been occurring on the university campus to answer JLIC. Douglas N. Archibald. to antiwar Gis, and she received an ova where the Committee on Student Conduct, Funds for legal-defense expenses may be The Black Liberation Front has assured a star-chamber kangaroo court, has been tion when she called for solidarity with sent to Wisconsin Legal Defense Fund, the university that their residence hall con Jackson 8. She spoke about the holding a series of "disciplinary hearings" the Ft. P. 0. Box 1082, Madison, Wis. 53601. tains no guns and according to the April work of the Cambridge, Mass., based GI characterized by the student new!Jpaper, Letters of support may be sent to the Com 28 Cornell Dally Sun, issued an invitation Civilian Alliance for Peace. After the rally the Daily Cardinal, as a "vicious circus." mittee Against Political Repression, 202 W. for a search. several servicemen expressed interest in In an ali-day hearing, the committee Gilman, Madison, Wis. 53703. In the interview with The Militant, Whit- joining GI CAP. Page 8 THE MILITANT Friday, May 9, 1969
Q 10 30 40MJ. Revolutionary forces ga1n• ground in Mideast
By Elizabeth Barnes the question of what their attitude should The one thing which Washington and its be toward those regimes in whose terri imperialist allies most fear is beginning tory they function. to happen in the Middle East. The strength Every indication thus far is that the main and influence of the Palestinian liberation liberation forces recognize that their only movement is on the increase, both inside hope of survival and success lies with their and outside the Israeli-occupied territo ability to rally support from the masses of ries. The differentiation between revolu people on an independent basis. tionary and nonrevolutionary forces in AI Fatah used the mass demonstrations z the Arab world is developing at a quick in Lebanon as an opportunity to put pres ened pace. sure on the Lebanese government. In a One dramatic expression of this was the broadcast from Cairo on April 23, AI recent mass demonstrations in Lebanon Fatah set forth its demand for complete protesting restrictions on Palestinian com "freedom of commando activity" and "free mando activities. The demonstrations were dom of movement and supply" in Lebanon. brutally attacked by Lebanese security The commandos also called for withdrawal forces. This plunged the country into a of security forces from refugee camps, pay political crisis and brought the resignation ment of compensation to the families of April 24 of Premier Rashid Karami. victims of repression (AI Fatah put the Besides showing the rapid growth of ac 0 number of casualties at 20 dead and hun tive support for the Palestinian "fedayeen," dreds injured; Lebanese authorities said especially among the youth, the events in 12 were killed), release of all persons ar Lebanon reflect the fact that as the libera rested, cancellation of Lebanon's state of tion movement grows stronger, the aliena emergency and, finally, punishment of tion of the masses of Arab people from the the officials who issued the order to fire various existing Arab regimes will inevi against the demonstrators. tably intensify. An editorial in the April 26 New York Assured Nixon Times warned that the resignation of Leba While he was in Washington in mid-April 0 non's premier constituted what they called conferring with representatives of the "Big "another ominous manifestation of the Four" powers, King Hussein assured Presi emergence of the Palestinians as a militant, dent Nixon that he could control the guer radical force in Middle East politics, a rilla organizations so long as a "settle force that is rapidly becoming as much of ment" was negotiated. But only a week be a threat to the Arab states that have nur fore his statement, the commandos defied tured it as to the Israelis." him by making their much-publicized The editorial listed other Arab regimes rocket attack on the Israeli town of Elath. threatened by the growing strength of the Hussein's orders had been that the com objective presentation of the Palestinian cial of one of the Arab relief agencies has liberation forces. The Iraqi government, mandos should not make any moves in view have appeared. An example of this said there is no doubt that the Israelis for example, has clamped down on the Pal the Elath area, and there is no question was an article in the April 13 Look writ are following a conscious policy of empty estinians by demanding that they work that he was not at all pleased with this ten by senior editor Christopher S. Wren. ing the Gaza strip of Arab inhabitants. through a newly established Iraqi-con attempt by the guerrillas to remind the After visiting the training camps of both "Everything from subtle persuasion to force trolled "Arab Liberation Front." In line world of their presence during his trip AI Fatah and the Popular Front for the is being used to reduce the camp popula with this, the Iraqi radio has discontinued to Washington. Liberation of Palestine, Wren described tion," he said. the daily one-hour program of AI Fatah. Around the same time, in a broadcast what he saw: "The guerrillas have intro As evidence of this, the Monitor cites the In Saudi Arabia, in order to undercut over Cairo radio, AI Fatah made public duced an informal socialism to the Arab fact that Israeli sources have admitted to the appeal of AI Fatah and the Popular its view of the "peace" plan announced by world," he writes. "Pay in Fatah runs having blown up more than 240 houses Front for the Liberation of Palestine, King King Hussein. They declared, "The Arab according to family size and not rank, in Gaza since June 1967 in reprisal for Faisal has set up a rival so-called libera masses demand full explanation of what though it can total more than what a Jor "real or suspected" aid to guerrillas. tion group nominally headed by the former is being said and proposed in world capi danian soldier earns. Officers and men In the occupied territory on the west Grand Mufti of Jerusalem. tals. The Arab people can no longer toler call each other ach (brother). The whole bank of the Jordan River, the story of The regime of King Hussein in Jordan ate being deceived." refugee community is swept along in the Israeli oppression and Arab resistance is the most vulnerable to Palestinian pres A clear voice cause ... is the same. An example of this is the town sure. After a recent trip to the Middle East, The time is obviously long gone when "The guerrillas insist their war is with of Nablus, where Israeli Defense Minister James P. Brown of the editorial board of conservative or even liberal Arab rulers Zionism and not Judaism. They want Moshe Dayan went April 2 in response the New York Times offered this sum can make deals in the name of the Pales to see Israel dismantled as a state." Wren to local demonstrations against Israeli mary of the situation there: "In Jordan tinian and other Arab peoples behind their quotes Fatah's information officer as say security forces who were destroying homes King Hussein still clings to his throne, backs. One of the most significant aspects ing, "We are not anti-Semitic because we of commando suspects. but popular »upport- an done suspects, the of the growth of the Palestinian liberation are Semites. We have no quarrel with the Dayan demanded that the town autho real power- is rapidly swinging to the movement is that the Palestinians are not Jews as a people. They are two million. rities take it upon themselves to insure Palestinians who comprise roughly half only getting out their views on current We are the same. They have been here that there be no more disturbances or the population and make up more than developments, but, after 20years of having for 20 years. We don't want to send them "terrorism" in the town. The local officials 70 percent of the population of the capital, no clear voice, they are finally able to effec back. The state we build together will be refused. Dayan, who apparently has been Amman." tively publicize their view of the whole secular." able to get such guarantees fairly routinely The growing militancy of the masses of history of the Zionist occupation of their In occupied territory in days gone by, reacted by saying that Arab people, which more and more cuts country. The growth of the liberation movement, there was no room for patience with Arab directly across the policies of the present Even the news reports are beginning to which is especially marked inside Israeli resisters. The townspeople, he declared, Arab regimes, has begun to pose more show the influence of the Palestinian move occupied territories, has lead to a situation had two ways open to them: to lead a sharply for the Palestinian commandos ment. A number of articles with a more where the Israelis have placed themselves "normal'' life or to war with the occupation more and more in the role of the hated authorities, "a process that will finally oppressor. All the characteristics of a classi bring the deterioration of Nablus to chaos Kent students press for rights cal colonial power are evident in Israeli and destruction." government policy, including racism, ex The growing pressures of the Arab re By Marta Prince the arrests of all those trapped inside. pansionism, identification with the most sistance have had an impact in Israeli KENT, Ohio- Two weeks of discussion, Sixty students were charged with breaking reactionary imperialist regimes, and - ruling circles. The Zionist leaders are in mass meetings and rallies at Kent Univer and entering -later changed to tres most important- increased reliance on volved in heated debate over what to do sity culminated April 19 in an enthusiastic, passing- and were immediately suspended naked military power to put down the re about the unviable position in which Is from the university. militant march of 5,000 students and fa sistance among the occupied people. rael finds herself in the occupied territo culty demanding: 1) the dropping of The following day, over 400 students In the Israeli-occupied Gaza strip, hatred ries. But the differences do not involve charges against 60 students arrested on and faculty constituted themselves as an of the Israeli occupation troops is intense any kind of basic re-evaluation of their April 16; 2) reinstatement of the SDS ad hoc committee, Concerned Citizens of among the some 300,000 Arab refugees. reactionary role in the Mideast. On the charter; 3) a return to procedures in the the KS U Community. They voted over Israelis no longer feel safe in Gaza, and contrary, the debate has occurred over Student Conduct Code which were grossly whelmingly for the three demands men Israeli tourists that used to visit the area the question of how much additional Arab tioned above. violated by the administration in the sus no longer do so. Describing the situation, land should be expropriated by Israel pension of the 60 students. An outdoor rally was held that evening an Israeli colonel, familiar with foreign in order to protect Palestine from the Pa The demands grew out of a confronta which later dispersed to circulate leaflets occupation during World War II when he lestinians. The fedayeen' s goal of setting tion April 8 when SDS attempted to pre and win support in the dorms. Two hours was part of an "underground railroad" up a secular, multinational Palestine, in sent four demands concerning campus later, 3,000 students gathered on the Com to bring Jews out of Austria, told a Times which the indigenous Palestinian Arabs complicity with imperialism. The students mons. They listened to accounts of the reporter that he could understand the feel would share their homeland with the newer were barred entrance into the administra recent events, voted their support to the ings of the Arabs. "Nobody loves us here," Jewish immigrants, is dismissed out of tion building and seven were arrested on demands, and selected a delegation to he commented. hand. assault and battery charges. present their demands to the president Two Israeli soldiers have gone on trial In the short run, it is possible by dent The following week, closed hearings were of Kent State University. for firing into a crowd of demonstrating of pure military power for the Zionists held to suspend two of those arrested. The university auditorium was packed women at a Gaza school and killing one to maintain their occupation of Palestine Demanding open hearings, SDSers the next morning to hear the administra woman. An 18-year-old Arab girl has as an exclusively Jewish state. But as every marched on the building where the hearings tion reply. After the university offered minor been sentenced to 20 years in prison-the national liberation struggle from Algeria were being held. Once the students were concessions and promised a reply to the longest sentence ever given a woman in an to Vietnam has shown, there is nothing inside the building, police sealed the doors demands early next week, 2,000 people Israeli court- for hurling grenades at an more potentially powerful than the mass and refused to allow an~one to leave. The decided to conduct a march on campus army jeep, wounding several soldiers. movement of an oppressed, occupied administration then claimed the students to demonstrate their strength. The march According to the April 30 Christian people. Time is clearly on the side of the were "occupying'' the building and OK'd swelled to about 5,000 students. Science Monitor, a leading European offi- Palestinians. Friday, May 9, 1969 THE MiliTANT Page 9 Columbia teach -In• hears anti-Zionist views
By Joel Aber direction of the liberation of the Third NEW YORK-One of the first teach World." ins an Arab liberation to be held in the Dr. llyas Shufanl United States took place April 18 at Co "Even departments which deal exclusively lumbia University. Nearly 500 students with Arabs are manned by Jews. The head were squeezed into the Harkness Theater, of the department of Arab education, for while hundreds more had to be turned example, is a person whose familiarity away at the door. with Arabs amounts to a two-week course Among the speakers was Mrs. Randa in Arabic at the Defense Institute. The Khalidi El-Fattal, the editor of the jour chairman of the Arab Teachers Union nal Arab World, who explained the origins is also a Jew .... and growth of AI Fatah from a propa "There are very few high schools for ganda group into an armed mass move Arabs. Arabs are admitted to the Hebrew ment. Dr. Hishami Sharabi, a professor University (scattered applause by Zion at Georgetown University, contrasted the ists)-but any advanced technological reformist or bourgeois approach to the training in subjects that have any connec Zionist threat, represented by the Husseins, tion to 'security' are off limits to our stu and the revolutionary approach, repre dents- including geography (laughter). sented by the guerrilla organizations. The curriculum and training in high Dr. Ilyas Shufani, also a professor at schools are irrelevant. The student opens Georgetown, and a Palestinian with Is his geography book to learn about the raeli citizenship, described the political, boundaries of historic Israel, national Is economic and cultural oppression of Arabs rael and the meanwhile Israel; in his his living in Israeli-occupied Palestine. Peter tory book he learns about the Jewish Buch of the Socialist Workers Party outlined aspects of his country's history. How he the counterrevolutionary nature of Zion came to be an Arab in that part of the ism. Rita Freed ofthe Committee to Support world remains a mystery to him." Middle East Liberation documented U.S. Peter Buch government support for Zionism. Photo by Robert Vernon "It is the new current in Arab nation Other speakers included George Tomeh, Columbia teach-in alism that offers an unprecedented oppor the Syrian ambassador to the United Na tunity for revolutionary-minded anti-impe tions, Larry Hochman of the Radical Edu rialist Israelis to reach out to their Arab cation Project and Dr. Ibrahim Abu perpetrates a worldwide system of sup "The realization on the part of the brothers, who have been so terribly Lughod, a professor at Northwestern Uni pression and exploitation by establishing Palestinians that they are situated in Pa wronged, and to liberate Israel from the versity. and maintaining puppet governments in lestine, at the crossroads of the world, Zionist establishment and from impe The meeting was quite lively, punctuated Africa, Asia and Latin America. There and not in the Andes, makes it possible rialism which victimizes them both. . . . by frequent applause from the majority fore the popular struggle against U. S. for them to profit to the maximum from "King Hussein of Jordan has assured of those present, and by catcalls and heck imperialism and against its puppet re the situation of international tension and the Nixon administration that he can con ling from the Zionists, who had tried to gimes is one and the same struggle.... conflict ... trol the Palestinian guerrilla organizations. pack the meeting but had mustered only "It is with the active assistance of U.S. "Finally, the Palestinian rebels say today I don't think so, not from what I've heard about 100 supporters. The disruptions 'advisors' that Haile Selassie's govern that they will not accept a political settle here tonight, he won't control them. (ap were unfortunately exacerbated by some of ment is at this very moment hunting ment that would recognize the existence plause).... the defense guards from Youth Against down and jailing Ethiopian students in of the state of Israel and which would "According to the New York Times, the War and Fascism; far from defending a desperate attempt to break down a popu convert a military bridgehead into a juri Kremlin has denounced the guerrillas as the teach-in, they initiated several fistfights lar nationwide student strike which is now dically recognized entity. This would bring ' Trotskyite.' The Soviet leaders like to and shouting matches with the Zionists. entering its seventh week, and which enjoys about not only the recognition of the Zion condemn all revolutionaries, like Che Gue Their conduct hindered rather than faci the support of the workers and peasants ist status quo, but also of the status quo vara and the Arab guerrillas and any litated the purpose of the meeting- an of Ethiopia. in the Arab world itself-that is, the status body else they don't like who's going in effective presentation of the viewpoint of "ESANA affirms its active solidarity with quo of the colonels, of the sheikhs, of the a left-wing direction, 'Trotskyites.' And the Arab Revolution. all progressive forces that are engaged monarchs, of the reactionaries who control it's time all of us' Trotskyites' got together Among the sponsors of the teach-in were in armed struggle to ultimately end the the world and who constitute, in an in and defeated U. S. imperialism." the Organization of Arab Students at Co exploitation of man by man." direct way, the true and natural allies lumbia, the Iranian Student Association, Dr. Hishami Sharabi of colonialism and Zionism, and have DEMOKRATIA (a Greek student associa "The Palestinians, in the voice of their always done so. Air Force brass tion), the Ethiopian Student Association movement of resistance, say, or rather "It is in this sense that the triumph of of North America (ESANA), the Young put forth the cry, absurd to some, 'Revo Zionism in Palestine would be a triumph Socialist Alliance and Youth Against War lution until victory.' This is the slogan for conservative, counterrevolutionary ele tries to frame and Fascism, all of which expressed soli of AI Fatah. ments in the Arab world, whereas the darity with the Arab Revolution. "AI Fatah and the leaders of the resis triumph of Palestinian resistance would be Some highlights of the speeches are ex tance movement are not blind to the strength a triumph both for Arabs and Jews as antiwar activist cerpted below: which the Zionist state in Palestine pos well as a genuine significant step in the Ethiopian Student Association sesses . . . given the umbilical link between By Jim Boggio "We support the struggle of the people Zionism, its state in Palestine, and the LOS ANGELES, April23-Airman 1/c of Palestine for self-determination in the Atlantic community, particularly the 5-day study-in David Mays, stationed at Norton same manner that we support the people United States .... Air Base, has been charged with "insu of Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, An "[But the Palestinians] know that they bordination." This Vietnam veteran is con gola, Portuguese Guinea, Black America, are not alone in this world- that liberation, wins gains at vinced that the charges against him stem etc. We recognize that U. S. imperialism like colonialism, is a world system. They from his participation in the Easter Sunday know that the victories achieved in Cuba, G I -civilian demonstration and rally in Los those achieved in Algeria, and those being Albright College Angeles. Slate Southwide achieved in Vietnam are their own. (pro At the rally, Airman Mays blasted U.S. longed applause) By Jay M. Ressler aggression in Southeast Asia. Mays said "It has proved- the Palestinian resis READING, Pa. -After a five-day"study "We know that organization brings YSA educational tance-that for the first time in Arab histo in" at the library by the overwhelming strength. We are willing to sacrifice every ry the Arabs have finally broken out of their majority of the students at Albright Col spare moment to bring this ungodly lie nationalism, of their parochialism, and lege, the administration met with the out into the open." meeting 1n Atlanta established a complete base of interna student body on April 17 to respond to On April 8, Mays and another enlisted tionalism- in a sense, of fraternity with their 24 demands. man were cited for "refusing to sweep the By Dona Stanton peoples fighting for the same goal oflibera Twelve of the demands were granted floor'' even though the two men were ATLANTA, Ga.-The Atlanta Young tion everywhere. And this has been esta by the administration of this small Me off-duty at the time. A few days there Socialist Alliance will hold the First South blished in a genuine way, not in a propa thodist school, and a number of others after, the charges on one man were dropped, wide Young Socialist Conference here at gandistic way, for the first time in our were met to the satisfaction of most stu but not so for Mays. On the morning Emory University, Biology 106, on May history. dents. of April 14, Mays was notified that he 10 and 11. The Young Socialist Alliance Demands granted included six raised was to be court-martialed that very after is in touch with young people and students by the Afro-American Society: for black noon. Mays immediately telephoned the who are interested in socialist ideas from professors, black studies, an Afro-Amer offices of the Los Angeles G Is and Viet eight southern states. ican cultural center, more black students, nam Veterans Against the War, which The speakers reflect the growing young recruitment of black students by the AAS, in turn contacted an attorney who ob socialist movement in this country. Re and an open admissions policy for under tained a postponement of the court-mar gional reports from young socialist acti privileged and Third World students. tial until April 28. vists from several states will open the con Four of the demands, however, consi Although Airman Mays' job classifica ference at 10:00 a.m., Saturday, May 10. dered by many students as among the tion is "air-freight specialist," he has been George Novack, Marxist scholar, will most significant, were not satisfactorily assigned to "records and reports," a posi speak on "Reform and RevolutioninAmer met. In its statement to the student body, tion for which he has not been trained. ican History." Tony Thomas, an Afro the administration said that it would set Mays has tried on three occasions to American member of the National Com up committees to work out the demands see his squadron commander, Col. George mittee of the Young Socialist Alliance, will concerning abolition of women's dorm W. Johnson. In spite of Col. Johnson's lecture on "Why Black Nationalism is Revo hours, open dorms and abolition of man self-proclaimed "open door" policy for en lutionary." A panel of antiwar and socialist datory convocation. The demand con listed men, Col. Johnson has continued G Is will begin at 8:30p.m., followed by a cerning free student media, under student to evade Airman Mays. party. control, was not granted to the satisfac Gls and Vietnam Veterans Against the On Sunday, May 11, Mary-Alice Waters, tion of the students. War pointed out today that Mays was staff writer for The Militant, will report At a meeting on April 17, the students within his Constitutional rights when he on the 9th World Congress of the Fourth in the library voted to end the study-in spoke at the April 6 rally. The group International, which she attended as an and work through the committees set up blasted the harassment of Mays as an observer. Linda Jenness will wind up the of "all constituencies of the college" for attempt by Air Force brass to intimidate conference with an analysis of "The South two weeks, stating that if nothing hap enlisted men. ern Movement- The Role of the Young pened, they would resume their study-in. Letters of protest should be sent to Col. Socialist Alliance." Linda Jenness, who Four militant rallies are planned during George W. Johnson; Commander,· 63rd recently visited. Cuba, is a leading member the two-week period to apply pressure A. P. S., Norton Air Force Base, Calif. of the Atlanta Young Socialist Alliance. Palestinian refugees to the committees to meet the demands. 92409. Page 10 THE MILITANT Friday, May 9, 1969
A Militant interview:
Corky Gonzales on the Chicano liberation fight
During the March 27-31 Chicano Youth One of the areas where I feel we have Liberation Conference in Denver (The Mi really come a long way is our leadership litant, May 2 ), Fro ben Lozada and Anto program. You have to develop a leader nio Camejo of the Berkeley Socialist Work ship that is spread out, because we under ers Party interviewed RodoHo "Corky" Gon stand the violence and the viciousness of zales, head of the Denver Crusade for the establishment. They think in terms of Justice. The following is an abridged tran destruction and assassination. But as we script of that interview. develop new leadership, it doesn't matter. The Conference, the first national ga They would have to get rid of all of us, thering of Chicano youth, was preceded and they can't get rid of an idea or a a week before by a massive school blow philosophy. out in Denver (The Militant, April 11 ). We developed leadership-training meet ings -we call them "fishermen's meetings" Q. What is the Crusade for Justice (Cru which are more like classes where we teach zada para Ia justicia)? culture, history, the nature of the economic A. The Cruzada is a Mexican-American structure of this country and how it devel civil-rights organization that was formed oped and how it's controlled. We tie in the Photo by Roberto Perez Diaz because the leaderships of most other orga political control of the country and the Rodolfo "Corky" Gonzales nizations were falling into the conservative various institutions: welfare, the courts, bag. They were starting to use their orga the church, the prisons. to foundations for funds and didn't go to six years. I pounded on those doors and nizations to get into government and gov When our people go out, whether they the government for funds. We did it our those walls and banged my head against ernment jobs. are children or men or women, they have selves. Our people set the theme, and we them for overall changes. I could have Well, you can't go into a house full of answers. There isn't one of them that did the work. gotten liquor licenses under the table, and disease with a bottle of mercurochrome can't go to any university or any barrio We didn't ask the establishment press zone changes for personal profit. I and cure it. If you try, you become just and answer questions: who we are and in. Some of the guys said, "You know, we wouldn't. They couldn't understand that as sick as the people in the house, and this what our movement is, and all the ste don't want the beauty of this to be spoiled type of human being within their political is what happens with most of our poli reotype status-quo questions people raise by those people coming in to view what system. They either castrate you, and you ticians. Many Chicano politicians who run about, say, welfare things. is happening here, because it is ours. become like them, or if you refuse, then on the basis of nationalism become part they try to destroy you. Q. How did the Chicano Youth Libera We don't want to have it spoiled by the of the system, so that they are of no use commercial press." So there were only I view the two-party system as one ani to us and do not identify with our problems. tion Conference get organized and how do mal with two heads; it's the same group. you view its significance? two people from the establishment press We decided that in the area of civil rights there. The rest were the Chicano Press The heads of these two parties eat off the there were many changes to be made, and A. I thought about all the young people Association, The Militant, and the under same plate and sit on the same boards we are committed to nobody. We are inde who are confused and who don't want to ground press. and commissions. They have the same identify with these old "politicos," those old pendent from any funding. We are trying Q. Much discussion at the conference vested interests, and the legislation they to remain economically independent, which figureheads. They don't want to identify revolved around the Chicanos working pass is just window dressing. means that we live off our own resources. with the same old answers. They want to with Puerto Ricans and the question of Kennedy places a MeN amara, an indus We also provide social services, what we get into doing something. I talked to a lot alliances with the black struggle. How trialist, in the Defense Department. So we of these young people, and they decided consider our "band-aid" department helping do you view this problem? have wars and our economy is based on people with their immediate problems. A they needed a conference. They wanted A. We take these steps one at a time. war, based on the production of war goods mother going to juvenile hall wants some to come to Denver. And this is where studying organizations and based on the usage of the minorities one to take care of her child today, not So, we decided to hold it here, and I ex and studying mass movements and edu for the fall guys, for cannon fodder. Now to dream about a philosophy that's going pected maybe 300 or 400 young people cating people into a movement and into Nixon comes in, and his defense man is to be successful a hundred yearsfromnow. would come to it. Well, we have a registra an ideology and a philosophy come in. a millionaire and an industrialist with the It's a sort of glue, it's a cohesive thing tion which has run over 1,100 and I'm not We have to talre steps one at a time and same concerns. McNamara goes from the to bring people together. Of course, if we sure it isn't 1,500. our first step is organization and using Defense Department to the World Bank. help somebody, we don't demand that We had to bring the people together. the theme of nationalism to do it. It is so obvious, yet people can't under he join us; we help anybody. Many youth who graduate from college In many areas, particularly today, there stand it. These are things we teach our We also have a cultural thing going leave the community and never come back. are issues which are important to black leadership. here, an identification with our heritage They don't offer academic leadership in and Chicano and other minorities and to Q. Could you relate some of the results and our history and our people. We are any form. We had to start breaking this whites- the white radicals, the whites who and significance of the high-school blow building up self-identification, self-pride down, so that the barrio bato [ghetto understand. In those areas, coalitions come outs? and those worthwhile values that are strong youth) had a relationship with the student. about very easily, like in San Francisco A. On Friday, March 21, we had the in our heritage. This society is suffering The student couldn't go around just carry and Oakland. Everyone knows who the biggest demonstration in the history ofthis ing the banner of the issues and the pro from lack of values, and I think this has enemy is. city. Things were getting rough, and there blems of the barrio as his cause and yet to be built up. Except that in what you might call a low were a lot of women and children that never relate to it and never be involved We are doing this through the arts, economic base the enemy is your compe didn't know about confrontations with the in the mud and the dirt and the blood. through theater, through writing, through titor. So if your competitor is black, it police. I took them on a march. When we I think we saw a coming together at the poetry, through our newspaper. We are is easier to call a black man your compe got to West High School, we got a false also doing it through the very organiza Conference, and that is probably one of titor than call another Chicano your com report that the demands had been met, and tion itself, by the way we treat each other the most beautiful things that happened. petitor. So if the government, say, through the kids started dispersing. and work together, and by our respect I view the Conference as a tremendous OEO offers one job, two minorities are Then they attacked us with mace. The within our own group for children, for historical first. It was the first time in fighting for it. This even creates divisions kids had a battle, and 28 police cars women and families. history that we didn't depend on or go out among the Chicanos. But when these two were wiped out and 17 cops put in the people start realizing that the guy that hospital. One guy got shotgunned bad, is making them fight over the bone is the Jose Vigil, and there were casualties on Supporters action follows guy they have to destroy- and not each both sides. other-that job will be there for both of But the young people actually drove them. an invading army out. The police used But some problems are unique to the all the mace they had (we heard them Presidio 27 to Monterey Mexican-American. Other problems are on the short-wave radio calling for more). SAN FRANCISCO- A rally for the Pre paid for the printing of the paper's entire unique to the Afro-American and other Little kids, 13, 14, 12 years old, faced sidio 27 held in Monterey April27 served press run. problems are unique to the Puerto Rican. their shotguns and told them "shoot." The notice on the brass that even moving the The trials themselves are continuing un Other problems are unique to the Indian. young people drove out an occupying frame-up "mutiny" trials from the Presidio der somewhat looser security than the brass Sometimes each of these has to be dealt force. of San Francisco to Ft. Ord near Monterey at frrst felt necessary. There is no longer with on an individual basis. But where For the first time, the philosophy of a won't keep the antiwar movement away. a helicopter circling over the court, and we can get coalitions and common things, mass movement of Chicanos became a The rally, held at Colton Hall (where newsmen have to go through few pass we go together. But you can't form coali reality. The people came storming out. the California Constitution was signed) checks. tions unless you have organization. The kids said 900-that might be an exaggeration-but they stormed out of drew over 200 persons, most of them G Is But the brass is stillnervous. On Sunday, You see the Puerto Ricans and Mexicans all the houses, and the police withdrew. from Ft. Ord and the Presidio of Mon the 30th MP battalion was alerted at both who come from Chicago fighting each This was the victory that resulted. We terey. Some were from Bay Area bases. the Presidio of San Francisco and Ft. Ord, other on a gang level. But so are Mexicans They had come with a contingent from the presumably because of the Monterey rally. fighting each other on a gang level. So proved something to them. They tested San Francisco-East Bay G !-Civilian Al Earlier in the week, Terence Hallinan, it's not so much racism as "neighborhood us, and they lost. liance for Peace. lawyer for 14 of the 27, put a surprise ism," regionalism. As they organize into Speakers at the rally included Mrs. Ginger witness, Sp/ 4 Roger Broomfield, on the self-defense units working with each other, Bunch, who told how the Army had tried stand. Broomfield is an MP and had stock they learn who the oppressor is and they to justify the shotgun slaying of her son ade duty on Oct. 14, the day of the sitdown. start fighting the man instead of fighting Bound volume 1968 Richard which sparked the sit-in for which He laid much of the blame for the unrest each other. And the same holds true when the 27 are charged with mutiny; local in the stockade to Sgt. First Class Thomas our people understand the black man's lawyer Richard Silver; a Ft. Ord GI; and Woodring, who, Broomfield said, "was fighting the same guy. The coalition thing THE George Johnson of Task Force. The rally constantly changing standard operating will come about. MILITANT was chaired by Alex Pratt, editor of the procedure so that neither the guards nor Q. I understand you once worked in the 79c Spread, an underground Monterey the prisoners knew what to expect from Democratic Party. Could you relate some paper. day to day." of your experiences there? Do you view $10 Information sheets and petitions for the Broomfield said Woodring would give either of the two big parties as a vehicle Presidio 27 and the Ft. Jackson 8 were the prisoners games and TV sets one day for liberation? Send check or money order to well received, especially by the Gls. A new and take them away the next. "He used A. I became the frrst Mexican-American The Militant, 873 Broadway, underground GI paper, As You Were, was his gifts as punishment and just made district captain in the history of this town. New York, N.Y. 10003 distributed. Donations at the rally almost things worse," he said. I was a Democratic district captain for Friday, May 9, 1969 THE MILITANT Page 11 The Great Society
Campus program- "Nixon Hopes Youth Time for action - The research director Turn to Religion."- Headline in the April of the National Audubon Society says 28 New York Times. that unless DDT is banned the bald eagle will become extinct. Nearly prepared-Students at the Uni versity of Oklahoma in Norman didn't Flexible whip?- Malcolm Moos, presi realize how close they were to a confron dent of the University of Minnesota, told tation with the National Guard when they the American Newspaper Publishers April held a demonstration against the Vietnam 24 that the great majority o f students war April 12. Capt. Ed Livesay, PR man want major changes, "and If we are not for the Guard, told newsmen, "We thank flexible in the face of these requests for the Good Lord there was no trouble in change, we will run the risk of radicali Norman that day. We thank the Good zing our moderate students." Apparently Lord we've never had to fi ght In the str eets Mr. Moos has opted for radicalizing. Black of Oklahoma. But this is what the Na student leaders at the U of Minnesota tional Guard is for- to be prepared for involved In a January campus sit-In face anything." - The good captain forgot to possible prison terms on trumped-up mention the Guard had set out early that charges. morning for Norman fro m their station at Tonkawa, some 111 miles away. They Unalienated - We've definitely decided turned back when they got within about to switch our checking account to La 40 miles of Norman and learned the after Banque Continental. The ch ecks are em noon rally was already over. bossed in black and gold. They serve tea and crumpets. Such services as paying American way - A hippie-type clothing bills, buying theater tickets or hiring a store In Philadelphia offers a ten-percent cleaning woman are Included without discount to detectives assigned to the nar charge. The only requirement is a $25,000 cotics detail, the Wall Street Journal ad minimum balance. (W hich would only earn miringly reports. about $ 1,250 a year elsewhere.) Thenicest touch, we think, Is that there are no com puters. Checks are hand-posted, which must Achtungl - The greatest force for world be a comfort in these troubled times. As freedom to day, says astronaut Frank Bor one client put it, "Some people think when man, is the "superbenevolent might" of you have no fm ancial problems you have the U. S. And, he adds, don't forget it. no worries. But you do."
Ethics dep't. - The British Medical Ass'n ruled that prospective organ donors who a re desperately ill should not be moved to the hospital of a waiting recipient. No mention was made of expediting the expi r ation process.
Rocks the tables- We were puzzled by mlllionalre Howard Hughes' aggressive legal efforts to block the Nevad a nuclear tests until we learned he owns six Las Vegas gambling joints. Maybe the blasts disturb the house margins on their slot machines and roulette wheels.
Thought for the week- "We're protecting and serving the banks, the Insurance com panies and all the other special interests. The only ones we're not protecting and serving are the people."-An unldentlfied "disheartened" member of the New York state legislature, as quoted by the New York Times. - Harry Ring Meet Socialists in Your Area
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Te l: i212) 982-6051. suddenly ordered them to cUsperse in "two minutes" a nd 15 second s la ter began 94114. Tel:l4 151626-9958. NORTH CAROLINA: Chapel Hiii· Durhom: YSA, P. O . dragging them b y the h a ir to waiting squa d cars. A number were injured and San Diego: YSA, c/ o Bill Williams, 897 Vista Grande, Box 10, Carrboro, N.C. 27510. 16 a rrested , mostly from Ca lifo rnia State Po lytechnic College. Sheriff E . R Ap t. 4, El Cajon, Calif. 92020. OHIO: Cleveland: SWP a nd YSA, 980 I Euclid Ave., Mansfi eld said there were "some Co mmunists" a m ong the Free University GEORGIA: Atlanta: YSA and bookstore, 187 14th Cleveland, Ohio 44106. Te l: 1216) 791· 1669. group which sponsored the be-in, commending his deputies for "the restraint St ., At lanta, G o . 30309. Tel: 1404) 876·3887. Kent: YSA, P. O . Box 116, Kent, Ohio 44240 . they exhibited." IlLINOIS: Champaig,.,.Urbona: YSA, P. 0 . Box 2099, Yellow Springs: YS A, c/ o Peter Graumann, Antioch Sto . A, Champaign, llf. 61820. 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Send to: The Militant, 873 Broadwoy, New York, N .Y. 10003 Page 12 THE MILITANT Friday, May 9, 1969 High schoolers in Detroit Most Frenchmen agree: map campaign for Lodico Goodby, Big Charley By Sue Swope School emphasized the rights to freedom DETROIT, April 26-High-school and of speech and to organize. During the By Mary-Alice Waters junior-high students from all over the city preparations for the April 3 strike, he and MAY 1-When the fmal vote was counted met today to organize support for Paul other students had attempted to leaflet it was 52 percent "no," and 47.65 percent Lodico, Socialist Workers Party candidate their fellow students. After repeated harass "yes." De Gaulle had fallen. for the common council. Most of the stu ment by the administration, Katz met with On the surface the issues involved in the dents had previously been involved in or the principal and pointed out that the referendum were trivial-basically insig ganizing the April 3 student strike against Supreme Court had recently ruled that nificant reforms in the structure and nature the war in Vietnam and in commemora students do have a right to express their of the Senate and provisions for greater tion of Martin Luther King. political beliefs, and that preventing them regional autonomy. Few French men or Discussion centered around a program from doing so was not setting a very women were very interested in the proposed for the high schools and junior highs. good example of American democracy changes. However, DeGaulle decided to An 18-point program wad adopted, rang in action. stake his political life on the outcome of ing from demands for black and Chicano The principal replied, "The Supreme the vote vowing to resign immediately if control of black and Chicano education Court does not rule over Southfield!" the majority voted "no." at all levels, to the rights of freedom of The group decided to call itself Students The real purpose of the referendum was speech and freedom to organize for all for Lodico. It will be open to all high a two-fold attempt to stabilize the regime, students and teachers, to free, tasty school school and junior-high students who sup which had never totally regained its balance meals for all students. port the socialist campaign for common after its near collapse in the general strike Phil Katz of Southfield-Lahser High council. The campaign's involvement in of May-June, 1968. The referendum was a action, in community struggle, was em sign of the regime's weakness. phasized. One example: recent demonstra The voting was designed to divert the still Boutelle asks tions by welfare mothers for clothing al potent working class tnilitancy that had lowances, held only a few blocks from shown itself in the wave of wildcat strikes De Gaulle Cass Technical High School, is the type in January and February 1969 and the districts of Paris registered majorities of Lindsay to act of activity to which Students for Lodico massive general strike of March 11. The "no." could lend militant, youthful support. regime had the active complicity of the Secondly, the depth of dissatisfaction in A Campaigner will be published. Its Communist Party, which lent credence to the working class and especially in the lower on bombing editorial board will consist of Dave Blake, the legitimacy of the referendutn, even though advocating a "no" vote. Through middle class was greater than DeGaulle NEW YORK-Paul Boutelle, Socialist Southfield High School; James Holt, South had anticipated. The end result was that eastern High School; Phil Katz, South this focus on the parliamentary arena the Workers candidate formayorofNewYork regime hoped to dampen the struggles in instead of stabilizing the Gaullist regime, in an April 29 letter to Mayor Lindsay de: field-Lahser High School; Malik Miah, the referendum only sent it into a new crisis. Cass Technical High School; and Eric the plants, and prove that the majority of manded to know what was being done the population supported DeGaulle' s policy While DeGaulle is gone, the Gaullist re about the bombing attack on the socialist Sell, also of Cass. gime, the Gaullist constitution, and many Colorful, hard-hitting, leaflet-sized post of trying to take back the economic gains election campaign headquarters here. He other things remain. The question being ers have already begun appearing on the conceded last June. called attention to the fact that Cuban asked by many Frenchmen is whether walls around schools and plant gates. Secondly, DeGaulle hoped to reunify the counter-revolutionaries had claimed credit Gaullism will survive without DeGaulle. Teams of campaign supporters have been bourgeoisie that had been divided on nu for the murderous attempt. At the very least, last Sunday's vote opens going out weekly on paste-up forays to merous questions since the monetary crisis On April 23, a bomb was detonated out up a period of uncertainty and greater make the socialist campaign visible. of November. He hopedtoreassureFrance side the campaign headquarters. Described and the world of the political stability of instability. by police as a "concussion grenade," it sent Last week, Lodico spoke to nearly 300 people at Cranbrook, a small private his regime and its ability to handle all But the crisis is also one for the tradi shrapnel through the lighted windows. The tional working class parties in France, school, where he got an enthusiastic recep problems. 15 campaign supporters gathered in the The outcome was quite different. First especially the Communist Party. So fear building narrowly escaped death or injury. tion. Later in the week he spoke at the of all the bourgeoisie did not unite be ful is that reformist party of a new explo "We have not yet received a single indi University of Detroit. After the talk, a hind DeGaulle. Gaullist opponents to the sion of working class militancy, such as the cation that an investigation is underway," number of people expressed interest in right and in the center called for a "no" one that briefly escaped its controllast May, Boutelle wrote to Lindsay, " or that pre working for the socialist campaign. vote, and even former premier Georges that the giant CGT, the Communist-led cautions have been taken by city authori Research papers on the specific problems trade union, canceled plans for its tradi of Detroit, with proposed socialist solu Pompidou managed to campaign for a ties to prevent further atrocities of this "yes" vote in a fashion that made it clear tional May Day demonstration. The idea nature." tions, are being prepared by supporters of left-wing students linking up with the of the socialist campaign. he would not be heart-broken if the refer "As candidate for mayor of New York endum failed-in which case he would be workers in a militant victory march per City, as well as in my capacity as an the unquestioned favorite in a new presi suaded the CGT leaders to abjectly support ordinary citizen, I find in irresponsible dential election. the government ban on all May Day demon on your part to maintain silence regarding For the frrst time in more than a decade, strations. this injection of assassination attempts and sections of the ruling class apparently de Last May as hundreds of thousands of terrorist methods into the current election cided they had an alternative to DeGaulle, workers marched through the streets of campaign." and that the moment was propitious to Paris they hopefully chanted the refrain Enclosed with Boutelle's letter was a We Goofed calmly vote him out. This was reflected in "Adieu DeGaulle, Adieu DeGaulle, Adieu." copy of the April issue of El Tiempo, the fmal vote, where even the wealthiest This May it has become a reality. a reactionary Spanish-language New York daily. A banner headline proclaimed, "Ex iles Attack N. Y. Party Headquarters with This week's Calendar of Events CP offers a bouquet to Badillo, Grenades." The article stated: was erroneously omitted. Some "Cuban exiles belonging to a group called highlights: BERKELEY Debate on 'Revolutionary Action' threw two grenades Cuba, Peter Camejo vs. ISCer, May which failed to explode at an office of the 9, U of C, Le Conte Hall. LOS Democratic machine faithful Socialist Workers Party ... [There was ANGELES, Antiwar Gls, May 9, By Alfredo Pena have urged that the number of men on actually a single powerful blast on April 1702 E. 4th St. MINNEAPOLIS, [Alfredo Pena is Socialist Workers Party beats be increased." 23. -Editor] Spain Today, Spanish student ac candidate for Comptroller of New York "The Cuban exiles who carried out this tivists, May 10, 704 Hennepin. On March 18, in the City Club of New City.] York, Badillo opposed community control deed can not be identified or arrested. Fol NEW YORK, Crisis in Northern NEW YORK- The Daily World, voice lowing the attack an unidentified source Ireland, Gerry Foley, May 9, 873 as a "solution to problems besetting New of the Communist Party, contained a brief York City schools." told El Tiempo that 'this action was car Broadway. article by Jesus Colon April 5 describing ried out by a secret commando group When cops attacked students at Taft the background of Bronx Borough Presi named Porfrrio Ramirez."' High School, there was no action by dent Herman Badillo, presently a can Badillo. When the workers at Lincoln Hos didate for mayor in the Democratic pri pital occupied a hospital building, in sup mary. port of community control, Badillo was Written like a typical Horatio Alger story, nowhere to be found. the Colon article recounts how Badillo came from a poor family in Puerto Rico Yet, with all the evidence of Badillo's and was able to rise to his present posi real role, the Communist Party seeks to tion through sacrifice and hard work. The paint Badillo as a progressive. This flows article strongly suggests that Badillo will from the Communist Party school of poli be the "progressive" candidate that the tics- their almost invariable insistence on Communist Party will support for mayor supporting one or another capitalist poli of New York. tician and fraudulently presenting him as The article seeks to demagogically ex a spokesman for the people. ploit community sentiment for having a None of the candidates running for the Puerto Rican candidate for mayor. Since Republican and Democratic parties can Badillo is a Puerto Rican, Colon suggests, honestly represent the Puerto Rican people. all Puerto Ricans should support him. None of them calls for immediate with But the candidacy of Herman Badillo drawal of U. S. troops from Vietnam and is motivated only by the Democrats' desire support to community control. No matter to manipulate the Puerto Rican community who they are or what they say, they repre and thereby generate support for the Demo sent the interests of the rulers of their cratic Party. Badillo's record as a "leader" party- the capitalist class which continues of the Puerto Rican community is a fraud. the war and tries to destroy the movement In the Feb. 14 issue of Taxi News, for community control. Badillo calls for more cops in the ghetto: The way to raise the level of conscious "Placing more policemen on the streets ness, mobilize and organize the masses in will go a long way toward eliminating the ghetto, is to take political action that the lack of confidence . . . which now exists is independent of, and in opposition to, New York Press Service photo in many sections of our city. the cutthroats and thieves who manipu AT BOMBING SCENE. Police examine car which was damaged when bomb "As a member of the Board of Estimate late this city. It is in this spirit that the exploded .under windows of Socialist Workers Party headquarters in New York. for the past three years, I have consistently Socialist Workers Party is waging its elec Cuban exiles boasted they did it. voted for more patrolmen for our force and tion campaign.