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The Language Attitudes of Madurese People and the Prospects of Madura Language Akhmad Sofyan Department of Humanities, University of Jember, Jember, Indonesia
The International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention 4(9): 3934-3938, 2017 DOI: 10.18535/ijsshi/v4i9.06 ICV 2015:45.28 ISSN: 2349-2031 © 2017, THEIJSSHI Research Article The Language Attitudes of Madurese People and the Prospects of Madura Language Akhmad Sofyan Department of Humanities, University of Jember, Jember, Indonesia Abstract: Due to Madurese language behavior that does not have a positive attitude towards the language, Madurese has changed a lot. Many of the uniqueness of Madura language that is not used in the speech, replaced with the Indonesian language. Recently, in Madura language communication, it is found the use of lexical elements that are not in accordance with the phonological rules of Madura Language. Consequently, in the future, Madura language will increasingly lose its uniqueness as a language, instead it will appear more as a dialect of the Indonesian language. Nowadays, the insecurity of Madura language has begun to appear with the shrinking use of this language in communication. Therefore, if there is no a very serious and planned effort, Madura language will be extinct soon; No longer claimed as language, but will only become one of the dialects of the Indonesian language. Keywords: language change, uniqueness, dialectic, speech level, development. INTRODUCTION enjâ'-iyâ (the same type of ngoko speech in Javanese), Madura language is a local language that is used as a medium engghi-enten (The same type of krama madya in Javanese), of daily communication by Madurese people, both for those and èngghi-bhunten (the same type of krama inggil in who live in Madura Island and small islands around it and Javanese); Which Madurese people call ta’ abhâsa, bhâsa those who live in overseas. -
Climate Change, Rice Crops and Violence. Evidence from Indonesia
Climate Change, Rice Crops and Violence. Evidence from Indonesia Raul Caruso Ilaria Petrarca Roberto Ricciuti CESIFO WORKING PAPER NO. 4665 CATEGORY 10: ENERGY AND CLIMATE ECONOMICS FEBRUARY 2014 An electronic version of the paper may be downloaded • from the SSRN website: www.SSRN.com • from the RePEc website: www.RePEc.org • from the CESifo website: www.CESifoT -group.org/wp T CESifo Working Paper No. 4665 Climate Change, Rice Crops and Violence. Evidence from Indonesia Abstract This paper adopts an instrumental variable approach to uncover the impact of variations in minimum temperature on emergence and severity of actual violence through the effect on food availability, captured by rice crops per capita. The link between increase in minimum temperature and rice crops is suggested by natural science literature. We use Indonesia as a case study over the period 1990-2003. Results show that an increase of the minimum temperature during the core month of the ‘wet planting season’, i.e. December, determines an increase in violence fuelled by the reduction in future rice production per capita. JEL-Code: D740, Q540, O130. Keywords: Indonesia, climate change, minimum temperature, rainfall, food availability, paddy rice, rice crops, routine violence. Raul Caruso* Ilaria Petrarca Center for Applied Economics (CSEA) University of Verona Via Necchi 5 Verona / Italy Italy – 20123 Milan [email protected] [email protected] Roberto Ricciuti University of Verona Verona / Italy [email protected] *corresponding author November 19, 2013 Earlier drafts of this paper have been presented at: the 13th Jan Tinbergen European Peace Science Conference, June 24-26 2013, Milan, the Post-doctoral seminars at the University of Verona, the II Workshop on the Political Economy of Conflict organized by EPS-Italy and CSEA at the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart in Milan, and the University of Manchester. -
Accipiters.Pdf
Accipiters The northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) and the sharp-shinned hawk (Accipiter striatus) are the Alaskan representatives of a group of hawks known as accipiters, with short, rounded wings (short in comparison with other hawks) and long tails. The third North American accipiter, the Cooper’s hawk (Accipiter cooperii) is not found in Alaska. Both native species are abundant in the state but not commonly seen, for they spend the majority of their time in wooded habitats. When they do venture out into the open, the accipiters can be recognized easily by their “several flaps and a glide” style of flight. General Description: Adult northern goshawks are bluish- gray on the back, wings, and tail, and pearly gray on the breast and underparts. The dark gray cap is accented by a light gray stripe above the red eye. Like most birds of prey, female goshawks are larger than males. A typical female is 25 inches (65 cm) long, has a wingspread of 45 inches (115 cm) and weighs 2¼ pounds (1020 g) while the average male is 19½ inches (50 cm) in length with a wingspread of 39 inches (100 cm) and weighs 2 pounds (880 g). Adult sharp-shinned hawks have gray backs, wings and tails (males tend to be bluish-gray, while females are browner) with white underparts barred heavily with brownish-orange. They also have red eyes but, unlike goshawks, have no eyestrip. A typical female weighs 6 ounces (170 g), is 13½ inches (35 cm) long with a wingspread of 25 inches (65 cm), while the average male weighs 3½ ounces (100 g), is 10 inches (25 cm) long and has a wingspread of 21 inches (55 cm). -
Our Recent Bird Surveys
Breeding Birds Survey at Germantown MetroPark Scientific Name Common Name Scientific Name Common Name Accipiter cooperii hawk, Cooper's Corvus brachyrhynchos crow, American Accipiter striatus hawk, sharp shinned Cyanocitta cristata jay, blue Aegolius acadicus owl, saw-whet Dendroica cerulea warbler, cerulean Agelaius phoeniceus blackbird, red-winged Dendroica coronata warbler, yellow-rumped Aix sponsa duck, wood Dendroica discolor warbler, prairie Ammodramus henslowii sparrow, Henslow's Dendroica dominica warbler, yellow-throated Ammodramus savannarum sparrow, grasshopper Dendroica petechia warbler, yellow Anas acuta pintail, northern Dendroica pinus warbler, pine Anas crecca teal, green-winged Dendroica virens warbler, black-throated Anas platyrhynchos duck, mallard green Archilochus colubris hummingbird, ruby-throated Dolichonyx oryzivorus Bobolink Ardea herodias heron, great blue Dryocopus pileatus woodpecker, pileated Asio flammeus owl, short-eared Dumetella carolinensis catbird, grey Asio otus owl, long-eared Empidonax minimus flycatcher, least Aythya collaris duck, ring-necked Empidonax traillii flycatcher, willow Baeolphus bicolor titmouse, tufted Empidonax virescens flycatcher, Acadian Bombycilla garrulus waxwing, cedar Eremophia alpestris lark, horned Branta canadensis goose, Canada Falco sparverius kestrel, American Bubo virginianus owl, great horned Geothlypis trichas yellowthroat, common Buteo jamaicensis hawk, red-tailed Grus canadensis crane, sandhill Buteo lineatus hawk, red-shouldered Helmitheros vermivorus warbler, worm-eating -
Global Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences Vol.1 No.2, Pp.30-42, June 2013
Global Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences Vol.1 No.2, pp.30-42, June 2013 Published by European Centre for Research Training and Development UK (www.ea-journals.org) COMMUNITY SOCIAL AND CULTURE CHARACTERISTIC IN BAWEAN ISLAND, INDONESIA Akhmad Farid 1,2 , Soemarno 3, Marsoedi 4, Budi Setiawan 5 1Agriculture Sciences Graduate Program, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65145, Indonesia 2Marine Science Department, Trunojoyo University, Bangkalan, Indonesia 3Soil Science Department, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65145, Indonesia 4Management of Aquatic Resources Department, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65145, Indonesia 5Agroeconomic Department, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65145, Indonesia Abstract : The diversification of social and origin culture Bawean was currently as the assimilation result of community social and culture diversification in Bawean Island in a very long process from 18 th century until the beginning of 19 th century, it was also belonged from ethnic culture of outside Bawean Island which is carried by Bawean inhabitants wandered about, it is started from the beginning of 19 th century until now. These social and culture were absolutely having characteristic. One of dominant characteristic was a local wisdom and locally developed knowledge which located in the middle of Bawean’s community and it was developed from one generation to other generation. This community social and culture characteristic in Bawean Island would be a world’s attractiveness as well as capable to sustain tourism activities at Bawean Island. Keywords : characteristic, social, culture, Bawean community INTRODUCTION In the early development, from 13 th until 16 th century, the Bawean Island native who didn’t recognize their ancestry, devoted animism faith, it was a faith that believed any spirits occupied things, trees, rocks and etc, with one King was known by named King Babiiono (Krom, 2004). -
My Somali Book, a Record of Two Shooting Trips
10 MY SOMALI BOOK to learn new things, and wonderfully bright and in- telligent. He is untiring on the march, often a reckless hunter, and will stand b}^ his master splendidly." And again, " I have made many jmigle trips in India and elsewhere, yet in no country have I had such obedient and cheerful followers and such pleasant native companions, despite their faults, as in Somali- land." This estimate is every bit as true as the other. The Somali of the interior is not, as a rule, dishonest, though he can be an exasperating liar on occasion. And he is usualty decent in his dress. Naturally indolent, he prefers to see the women do the work, but he has plenty of energy when he chooses to give it exercise, and in this respect is seen at his best on a shooting trip. And there is no doubt of his courage. A Mahomedan of the Shafai Sect, the Somali is sometimes very particular about his religious observances, but the Arab despises him as not a true Mahomedan at all. There is no occasion to detail the principal tribes, which are split up into innumerable sub-divisions. But mention must be made of the Midgdns, an outcast tribe of professional hunters. They hunt with bow and poisoned arrow, sometimes with dogs, and are wonderful trackers. As to the provision which the country makes for the hunter : the principal game to be met with in Northern Somaliland comprises Elephant, Black Rhinoceros, Lion, Leopard, Chita (hunting-leopard). MY SOMALI BOOK 11 Warthog, Ostrich, and twelve species of Antelope, to wit, Greater and Lesser Kudu, Or3^x (Beisa), Swa3aie's Hartebeest, Sommering's Gazelle (Somali-^Oi(/), Waller's Gazelle (Gerenuk), Clarke's Gazelle {Dibatag), Speke's and Pelzeln's Gazelles (both Dhero in Somali), Baira, Klipspringer {Alahlt) and Phillips' Dik-dik {Sdkdro). -
The Development and Investigation of an Audio Lure for Improved Possum (Trichosurus Vulpecula) Monitoring and Control in New Zealand
Lincoln University Digital Thesis Copyright Statement The digital copy of this thesis is protected by the Copyright Act 1994 (New Zealand). This thesis may be consulted by you, provided you comply with the provisions of the Act and the following conditions of use: you will use the copy only for the purposes of research or private study you will recognise the author's right to be identified as the author of the thesis and due acknowledgement will be made to the author where appropriate you will obtain the author's permission before publishing any material from the thesis. The Possum Pied Piper: the development and investigation of an audio lure for improved possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) monitoring and control in New Zealand A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Lincoln University by Matthew J. Kavermann Lincoln University 2013 ii iii Declaration Some aspects of this thesis have been published or accepted for publication (copies of the published and submitted papers are attached at the back of the thesis) or presented at conferences. Publications Kavermann M, Ross J, Paterson A, Eason, C. (in press) Progressing the possum pied piper project. Proceedings of the 25th Vertebrate Pest Conference, Monterey Ca 2012. Dilks P, Shapiro L, Greene T, Kavermann M, Eason CT, Murphy EC (2011). Field evaluation of para- aminopropiophenone (PAPP) for controlling stoats (Mustela erminea) in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 38(2): 143-150 Conference presentations Kavermann M, Ross J, Paterson A, Harper, G. 2012 Assessing the sensitivity of interference based monitoring devices to possum presence. -
Endangered and Threatened Species
DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES 315 NR27 Chapter NR 27 ENDANGERED AND THREATENED SPECIES NR 27.01 Definitions NR 27 .05 Permits for endangered and NR 27.02 Scope end applicability threatened species NR 27.03 Department list NR 27 .06 Exceptions to permit require NR 27.04 Revision of Wisconsin endan ments gered and threatened species NR 27.07 Severability lists Note: Chapter NR 27 es it existed on September 30, 1979 was repealed and a new chapter NR 27 was created effective October 1, 1979. NR 27.01 Definitions. As used in this chapter: (1) "Department" means the Wisconsin department of natural re sources. (2) "Department list" means the U.S. list of endangered and threatened foreign and native species, and the Wisconsin list of endan gered and threatened species. (3) "ENS" means the Office of Endangered and Nongame Species, Department of Natural Resources, Box 7921, Madison, WI 53707. (4) "Take" means shooting, shooting at, pursuing, hunting, catching or killing any wild animal; or the cutting, rooting up, severing, injuring, destroying, removing, or carrying away any wild plant. Hlotory: Cr. Register, September, 1979, No. 285, eff. 10-1-79. NR 27.02 Scope and applicability. This chapter contains rules nec essary to implement s. 29.415, Stats., and operate in conjunction with that statute to govern the taking, transportation, possession, processing or sale of any wild animal or wild plant specified by the department's lists of endangered and threatened wild animals and wild plants. Hlotory: Cr. Register, September, 1979, No. 285, eff. 10-1-79. NR 27.03 Department list. -
Engelsk Register
Danske navne på alverdens FUGLE ENGELSK REGISTER 1 Bearbejdning af paginering og sortering af registret er foretaget ved hjælp af Microsoft Excel, hvor det har været nødvendigt at indlede sidehenvisningerne med et bogstav og eventuelt 0 for siderne 1 til 99. Tallet efter bindestregen giver artens rækkefølge på siden. -
Variation in the Procoracoid Foramen in the Accipitridae
Z6f Riv. Hal. Orn., Milano, 57 (3-4): 161-184, 15-XII-19B7 STORRS L. OLSON (*) VARIATION IN THE PROCORACOID FORAMEN IN THE ACCIPITRIDAE Abstract. — The procoracoid foramen of the eoracoid is present in the great majority of genera of Accipitridae. It may be nearly or completely absent in indivi- duals of Circus and Harpagus, the taxonomic significance of which is uncertain. The procoracoid foramen is invariably absent in the genus Accipiter, although the con- dition is still unknown in Erythrotriorchis and Megatriorchis which have sometimes been synonymized with Accipiter. The presence of a well developed procoracoid fo- ramen in Urotriorchis suggests that this genus may not be as closely related to Accipiter as has been assumed. Riassunto. — Variazione nel forame procoracoideo degli Accipitridae. II forame procoracoideo del coraeoide e presente nella maggioranza del generi degli Accipitridi. Esso puo essere quasi o completamente assente in individui di Circus e di Harpagus, fatto dal significato tassonomico incerto. II forame procora- coideo e invariabilmente assente nel genere Accipiter, sebbene tale condizione sia an- cora sconosciuta per i generi Erythrotriorchis e Megatriorchis, a volte posti in sino- nimia con Accipiter. La presenza di un forame procoracoideo ben sviluppato in Uro- triorchis suggerisce che questo genere possa non essere cosi strettamente affine ad Accipiter, come e stato ritenuto. Anatomical characters that may be of use in defining natural sub- divisions of the large and complex family Accipitridae are much to be desired, as, for example, the fused condition of the phalanges of the inner toe (OLSON 1982). Another feature that shows significant variation in the family is the procoracoid process of the eoracoid, the condition of which is worth documenting not just for systematic information but also for purposes of identification of archeological and paleontological materials. -
Proceedings of the United States National Museum
THE BIRDS OF BAWEAN ISLAND, JAVA SEA. By Harry C. Oberholser, Of the Biological Survey, United States Department of Agriculture. Bawean Island lies in the Java Sea, about 175 miles south of Borneo, and about 75 miles north of eastern Java. It is nearly square, some 11 miles long by 10 miles wide, and has an area of approximately 100 square miles. The surface is mountainous, and the highest point reaches an altitude of about 2,200 feet above sea level. The island is of volcanic origm and has still many volcanic cones and some hot springs. Its rocks are chiefly lava, basalt, and limestone; and exten- sive coral reefs fringe its coastal base. A lake of some 15 acres occu- pies the crater of Mount Telaga, an extinct volcano. The island supports a hmnan population of about 50,000, mostly near the coast, and these inhabitants speak a peculiar language. Little of the vu'gin forest remains: the largest tract is on the northern slope of the mountains in the center of the island; another area lies on the western coast ; and the rest comprises only a few small patches on the eastern and southern slopes of the mountains. Low brush and tall bamboos cover most of the remaining portions of the island. There are numerous cattle on Bawean, and their trails run everywhere through the scrub. Wild mammals, except for two or three species, chiefly pigs and flying foxes, are not numerous. Dr. W. L. Abbott visited Bawean Island from November 19 to 28, 1907, and made a collection of 35 spechuens of birds, which he pre- sented to the United States National Museum. -
Amsterdam Zoolog- Ical Laboratory Has Carefully Revised the List of Reptiles and I Am Grateful for the Accuracy with Which He Has Accomplished His Task
ON THE ZOOGEOGRAPHY OF JAVA. By Dr. K. W. DAMMERMAN (Buitenzorg Museum) In a paper read before the Third Netherlands-lndian Science Congress, held at Buitenzorg in 1924, the author expounded his views on the zoogeo- graphical relations of the Java fauna to those of the surrounding countries. These views were based upon lists of all vertebratesand the molluscs of Java, with their distribution, which lists, however, were not published with the paper that appeared in the Proceedings of the said congress(lQ2s). In the meantime I found a niimber of specialists willing to revise the various lists or to draw up entirely new ones, so I thought it desirable to publish these lists (see hereafter), which, I presunie, will prove to be a great help to future workers. Although the data now at our disposal are far more complete and exact, the results arrived at in the following pages are not materially differing from those already put down in my previous paper, written in dutch. The list of the mammals has been composed by the autlior himself Mr. BARTELS Jr., a student at the Bern university, made an entirely new list of the birds, based mainly upon the fine and almoït complete collection of Java birds made by his father, Mr. M. BARTELS Sr. He could secure the valuable aid of Mr. STRESEMANN of the Berlin Museum and the result of their coöperation is published separately in the next paper of this volume. The distribution of the Java birds, as entered in the list appended to the present paper, has been compiled by the author with the assistance of Mr.