Newsletter Number 20 – March 2014
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Multilocus Phylogeny of the Avian Family Alaudidae (Larks) Reveals
1 Multilocus phylogeny of the avian family Alaudidae (larks) 2 reveals complex morphological evolution, non- 3 monophyletic genera and hidden species diversity 4 5 Per Alströma,b,c*, Keith N. Barnesc, Urban Olssond, F. Keith Barkere, Paulette Bloomerf, 6 Aleem Ahmed Khang, Masood Ahmed Qureshig, Alban Guillaumeth, Pierre-André Crocheti, 7 Peter G. Ryanc 8 9 a Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese 10 Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, P. R. China 11 b Swedish Species Information Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7007, 12 SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden 13 c Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence, 14 University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7700, South Africa 15 d Systematics and Biodiversity, Gothenburg University, Department of Zoology, Box 463, SE- 16 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden 17 e Bell Museum of Natural History and Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, 18 University of Minnesota, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA 19 f Percy FitzPatrick Institute Centre of Excellence, Department of Genetics, University of 20 Pretoria, Hatfield, 0083, South Africa 21 g Institute of Pure & Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60800, Multan, 22 Pakistan 23 h Department of Biology, Trent University, DNA Building, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, 24 Canada 25 i CEFE/CNRS Campus du CNRS 1919, route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France 26 27 * Corresponding author: Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of 28 Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, P. R. China; E- 29 mail: [email protected] 30 1 31 ABSTRACT 32 The Alaudidae (larks) is a large family of songbirds in the superfamily Sylvioidea. -
Common Birds of Namibia and Botswana 1 Josh Engel
Common Birds of Namibia and Botswana 1 Josh Engel Photos: Josh Engel, [[email protected]] Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History and Tropical Birding Tours [www.tropicalbirding.com] Produced by: Tyana Wachter, R. Foster and J. Philipp, with the support of Connie Keller and the Mellon Foundation. © Science and Education, The Field Museum, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [[email protected]] [fieldguides.fieldmuseum.org/guides] Rapid Color Guide #584 version 1 01/2015 1 Struthio camelus 2 Pelecanus onocrotalus 3 Phalacocorax capensis 4 Microcarbo coronatus STRUTHIONIDAE PELECANIDAE PHALACROCORACIDAE PHALACROCORACIDAE Ostrich Great white pelican Cape cormorant Crowned cormorant 5 Anhinga rufa 6 Ardea cinerea 7 Ardea goliath 8 Ardea pupurea ANIHINGIDAE ARDEIDAE ARDEIDAE ARDEIDAE African darter Grey heron Goliath heron Purple heron 9 Butorides striata 10 Scopus umbretta 11 Mycteria ibis 12 Leptoptilos crumentiferus ARDEIDAE SCOPIDAE CICONIIDAE CICONIIDAE Striated heron Hamerkop (nest) Yellow-billed stork Marabou stork 13 Bostrychia hagedash 14 Phoenicopterus roseus & P. minor 15 Phoenicopterus minor 16 Aviceda cuculoides THRESKIORNITHIDAE PHOENICOPTERIDAE PHOENICOPTERIDAE ACCIPITRIDAE Hadada ibis Greater and Lesser Flamingos Lesser Flamingo African cuckoo hawk Common Birds of Namibia and Botswana 2 Josh Engel Photos: Josh Engel, [[email protected]] Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History and Tropical Birding Tours [www.tropicalbirding.com] Produced by: Tyana Wachter, R. Foster and J. Philipp, -
THE BIOLOGY of the LARKS (ALAUDIDAE) of the KALAHARISANDVELD Department of Ecology and Systematics, Cornell University, Ithaca
THE BIOLOGY OF THE LARKS (ALAUDIDAE) OF THE KALAHARISANDVELD G. L. MACLEAN Department of Ecology and Systematics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, U.S.A.· INTRODUCTION No family of passerine birds has shown as great an adaptive radiation in the arid regions of the Old World as have the larks. One species, the homed lark Eremophila alpestris, probably has the widest range of any passerine (excluding introduced species), having a circumpolar distribution with numerous subspecies, and even one in northern South America (Meinertz hagen 1954). Of the world's 76 species of larks (Peters 1960) 25 occur in South Mrica (McLachlan & Liversidge 1957) and of these, nine are found in the Kalahari sandveld. Eight of them are breeding species, while one, the red-capped lark Calandrella cinerea, is an irregular visitor in small numbers. It is therefore surprising to find that little biological work has been done on the South Mrican larks, although the systematists have argued long about the systematic pos~tion of museum skins (e.g. Macdonald 1952b, 1953, 1957; Verheyen 1958, 1959; White 1952, 1956a, b, c, 1957a, b, 1959a, b; Winterbottom 1962). Most of the biological work on larks has been done. in regions where only one, or at most three or four, species occur regularly, such as ) 0 North1 America (Du Bois 1935, 1936; Forbush 1927; Lovell 1944; Pickwell 1931), Europe 0 2 (Abs 1963; Guichard 1960; Harrison & Forster 1959; Hartley 1946; Koftln 1960; Labitte d e t 1958; Lebeurier & Rapine 1935; Wadewitz 1957) and Australia (Bourke 1947; Bravery 1962). a d In( Africa the biological information is largely confined to works of a general nature (Andersson r e 1872; Etchecopar & HUe 1964; Heim de Balsac & Mayaud 1962; Hoesch 1955; Macdonald h s i 1957;l McLachlan & Liversidge 1957; Meinertzhagen 1954; Smithers 1964; Valverde 1957), b althoughu a few more detailed studies do exist (Steyn 1964; Van Someren 1956; Winterbottom & P Wilsone 1959). -
Ornithological Observations
Afring News An electronic journal published by SAFRING, Animal Demography Unit at the University of Cape Town Afring News online accepts papers containing ringing information about birds. This includes interesting ringing trips, interesting captures, faunistic observations relating to ringing, and analyses of ringing data. It will also consider for publication a variety of other interesting or relevant ornithological material: reports of projects and conferences, and any other interesting or relevant material. Editor: H. Dieter Oschadleus LONGEVITY AND RING WEAR IN SHORT-CLAWED LARKS CERTHILAUDA CHUANA Derek Engelbrecht Recommended citation format: Engelbrecht D. 2014. Longevity and ring wear in Short-clawed Larks Certhilauda chuana. Afring News 43: 23-26 URL: http://safring.adu.org.za/content.php?id=14 Published online: 12 December 2014 - ISSN 2222-341X - Afring News 43:23-26 23 LONGEVITY AND RING WEAR IN SHORT-CLAWED LARKS CERTHILAUDA CHUANA Table 1. Selected recaptures/resightings of Short-clawed Larks Certhilauda chuana in the Polokwane Nature Reserve between 2002 and 2014. Derek Engelbrecht Ring # Sex Age Ringed Retrap/ Minimum Distance resighted age (m) [email protected] (yy-mm-dd) BE16417 0 1 31-10-2003 26-03-2004 00-04-25 380 Short-clawed Larks Certhilauda chuana are endemic to southern BE16426 3 1 03-03-2004 06-05-2004 00-02-23 0 Africa. They have a disjunct distribution comprised of a large western BE16436 2 4 06-05-2004 02-11-2007 03-05-28 640 population and a smaller, isolated eastern population (Herremans BB86319 2 4 19-11-2011 30-11-2014 03-00-11 0 1997). -
Birds of the Karoo Ecology and Conservation
Birds of the Karoo Ecology and Conservation Contents Acknowledgements ii Introduction 1 Aims of this booklet 1 About BirdLife South Africa 1 The Karoo – climate and geography 2 Birds of the Karoo 4 Bird tourism opportunities 7 Species descriptions and ecology 8 Large terrestrial birds and raptors 8 Other raptors/birds of prey 10 Other large birds 14 Waterbirds 15 Other waterbirds 16 Larks 18 Other passerines 23 Managing crow impacts on livestock 33 Habitat management 34 Conclusion 51 References and further reading 52 Cover image: Malachite Sunbird i Acknowledgements This work is based on the research carried out during the BirdLife South Africa Karoo Birds Research and Conservation Project, conducted from 2017-2019, made possible thanks to a donation to BirdLife South Africa from Mrs Gaynor Rupert. In addition, the project partnered with the SANBI Karoo BioGaps Project, supported by the National Research Foundation of South Africa (Grant Number: 98864), awarded through the Foundational Biodiversity Information Programme (FBIP), a joint initia- tive of the Department of Science of Technology (DST), the National Research Foundation (NRF) and the South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI). AL wishes to thank Richard Dean for his time, insights and comments. Domitilla Raimondo of SANBI is thanked for the invitation to become part of the SANBI Karoo BioGaps project. Gigi Laidler and Carol Poole are thanked for all their groundwork. Campbell Fleming is thanked for assistance during surveys during 2017, and Eric Herrmann for hard work in the field in 2018. Thanks to Adrian Craig and Salome Willemse for assistance with atlassing efforts. Thanks to Joseph Steyn, Mark Anderson and Kerry Purnell for comments on drafts of this book. -
Pre-Construction Bird Monitoring Andrew Jenkins & Johan Du Plessis
ADENHORST AM OLAR DEVELOPMENT AREA B D S PV Pre-construction bird monitoring Andrew Jenkins & Johan du Plessis. AVISENSE Consulting April 2014 CONTENTS Summary………………………………………………………………………………..…………….. 3 Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………..…... 5 Methods…………………………………………………………………………………………..…... 7 Development proposal……………………………………………………………………………… 7 Study area…………………………………………………………………………………………… 7 Data collection……………………………………………………………………………………… 8 Data analysis……………………………………………………………………………………….. 9 Results…………………………………………….………………………………………………… 10 Priority raptors and large terrestrial birds……………..………………………………..………… 10 Small passerines……………………..……………………………………………………..……… 10 Discussion………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 17 The affected avifauna………………………………………………………………………….…. 17 Impacts and mitigation……………………….…………………………………………………… 17 The need for post-construction surveys…………………………………………………………… 17 References……………………………………………………………………………………..……... 18 Appendix 1……………….………………………………………………………………………….. 21 Appendix 2…………………………………………………………………………………………. 38 2 Summary Solar photovoltaic (PV) energy installations have only recently begun in South Africa. While the development footprint of such facilities is often very large, little is known about the impacts of building and operating solar PV plants on the surrounding birdlife. This study presents the results of a series of surveys intended to characterize the avifauna of an area of ranchland which has been targeted by Mulilo Renewable Energy (Pty) Ltd for solar energy development (1 x 100 MW and -
WB3-Updateposted
Scientific Name Common Name Book Sex N Mean S.D. Min Max Season Location Source Comments Family Apterygidae Status Apteryx australis Southern Brown Kiwi E M 15 2120 1720 2730 New Zealand Colbourne & Kleinpaste 1983 F 31 2540 2060 3850 Apteryx australis lawryi Southern Brown Kiwi B M 9 2720 2300 3060 Stewart Island, New ZealandMarchant & Higgins 1990 F 10 3115 267 2700 3500 Apteryx rowi Okarito Brown Kiwi N M 49 1924 157 1575 2250 South Island, New Zealand Tennyson et al. 2003 F 51 2650 316 1950 3570 Apteryx mantelli North Island Brown Kiwi N F 4 2725 2060 3433 New Zealand Marchant & Higgins 1990 split in Clements Family Tinamidae Nothocercus julius Tawny-breasted Tinamou N F 1 693 Peru Specimens Mus. SWern Biology Nothocercus nigrocapillus Hooded Tinamou N M 1 540 Gomes and Kirwan 2014a Crypturellus brevirostris Rusty Tinamou N M 2 221 209 233 Guyana Robbins et al. 2007 F 1 295 Crypturellus casiquiare Barred Tinamou N F 1 250 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished Rhynchotus maculicollis Huayco Tinamou N U 10 868 860 900 Fiora 1933a split by Clements 2008 Tinamotis ingoufi Patagonian Tinamou N U 900 1000 Gomes & Kirwan 2014b Family Spheniscidae Eudyptes moseleyi Tristan Penguin N B 11 2340 517 1400 2950 B Amsterdam Is., Indian OceanDrabek & Tremblay 2000 split from E. chrysocome by Clements 2012 Family Diomedeidae Diomedea antipodensis gibsoni Wandering Albatross N M 35 6800 5500 8600 Auckland Islands Tickell 2000 split by del Hoyo et al. 2013 F 36 5800 4600 7300 Diomedea antipodensis Wandering Albatross N M 10 7460 Antipodes Islands Tickell 2000 split by del Hoyo et al. -
The Large Diversity of Birds Killed by Wind Turbines in South Africa
Ostrich 2020: 1–12 Copyright © NISC (Pty) Ltd Printed in South Africa — All rights reserved OSTRICH This is the fnal version of the article that is ISSN 0030–6525 EISSN 1727-947X published ahead of the print and online issue https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2020.1770889 On a collision course? The large diversity of birds killed by wind turbines in South Africa V Perold1*, S Ralston-Paton2 and P Ryan1 1 FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa 2 BirdLife South Africa, Pinegowrie, South Africa *Correspondence: [email protected] Wind energy is a clean, renewable alternative to fossil fuel-derived energy sources, but many birds are at risk from collisions with wind turbines. We summarise the diversity of birds killed by turbine collisions at 20 wind energy facilities (WEFs) across southwest South Africa. Monitoring from 2014 to 2018 recovered 848 bird carcasses across all WEFs, at a crude rate of 1.0 ± 0.6 birds turbine−1 y−1 at 16 WEFs with at least 12 months of postconstruction monitoring. However, mortality estimates adjusted for detection and scavenger bias were appreciably higher: 4.6 ± 2.9 birds turbine−1 y−1 or 2.0 ± 1.3 birds MW−1 y−1 (n = 14 WEFs with site-specific bias correction factors), which is slightly lower than mean rates rePorted in the northern hemisPhere, but still well within range. A striking result was the high diversity of birds killed: 130 species from 46 families, totalling 30% of bird species recorded at and around WEFs, including some species not recorded by specialist surveys at WEF sites (e.g. -
Aprasiainis87 FAMILY
61 GENUS: Oedura GENUS; Lygodactylus GENUS: Phyllurus GENUS: Matoatoa GENUS: Pseudothecadactyl us GENUS: Microscalabotes* GENUS: Rhacodactylus GENUS; Nactus GENUS: Rhynchoedura* GENUS: Narudasia* GENUS: SaItuarius GENUS: Pachydactylus GENUS: Underwoodisaurus GENUS; PaImatogecko SUBFAMILY: Eublepbarinae'" GENUS; Psragehyra GENUS: Coleonyx GENUS: Psroedura GENUS: Eublepbaris GENUS; Perochirus GENUS: Goniurosaurus GENUS: Phelsuma GENUS: Hemitheconyx GENUS: Phyllodactylus GENUS: Holodactylus GENUS; Phyllopezus SUBFAMILY: Gekkoninae GENUS: Pristurus GENUS: Afroedura GENUS; Pseudogekko GENUS: Afrogecko GENUS; Pseudogonatodes GENUS: Agamura GENUS: Plenopus GENUS: Ailuronyx GENUS: Plychozoon GENUS: Alsophylax GENUS; Plyodactylus GENUS; Arlstelliger GENUS: Quedenfeldtia GENUS; Asaccus GENUS: Rhoptropus GENUS; Blaesodactylus GENUS; Saurodactylus GENUS: Bogertia* GENUS: Sphaerodactylus GENUS; Brlha* GENUS; Stenodactylus GENUS: Bunopus GENUS; Tarentola GENUS: Calodactylodes GENUS; Teratolepis GENUS: Carinatogecko GENUS; Thecadactylus* GENUS: Chondrodactyiu,* GENUS: Tropiocoiotes GENUS; Christinus GENUS; Urocotyledon GENUS: Cnemaspis GENUS: Uroplatus GENUS; Coleodactylus SUBFAMILY: Teratoscincinae GENUS; Colopus* GENUS: Teratoscincus GENUS: Cosymbotus FAMILY: Pygopodidae'" GENUS: Crossobamon SUBFAMILY: LiaIisinae GENUS: Cryptactites' TRIBE: Aprasiaini S87 GENUS; Cyrtodactylus GENUS; J\prasia GENUS: Cyrtopodion GENUS: Ophidiocephalus* GENUS: Dixonius GENUS; Pletholax* GENUS: Dravidogecko* TRIBE: Lialisini GENUS; Ebenavia GENUS: LiaIis GENUS; EuIeptes* -
Larks References
Introduction This is the final version of the Lark’s list, no further updates will be made. Grateful thanks to Dick Coombes and Mark Carmody (www.markcarmodyphotography.com, www.flickr.com/photos/drcarmo/) for the cover images and all those who responded with constructive feedback. All images © the photographer. Please note that this and other Reference Lists I have compiled are not exhaustive and are best employed in conjunction with other sources. Joe Hobbs Index The general order of species follows the International Ornithologists' Union World Bird List (Gill, F. & Donsker, D. (eds.) 2019. IOC World Bird List. Available from: https://www.worldbirdnames.org/ [version 9.1 accessed January 2019]). This reference list does not include any of the following Lark genera: Chersomanes, Certhilauda, Pinarocorys, Calendulauda, Heteromirafra, Mirafra and Spizocorys. Final Version Version 1.5 (July 2019). Cover Main image: Calandra Lark. Between Tarifa and Facinas, Cadiz, Spain. 30th April 2011. Picture by Mark Carmody. Vignette: Short-toed Lark. Lough Errul, Cape Clear Island, Co. Cork. 12th October 2011. Picture by Dick Coombes. Species Page No. Ashy-crowned Sparrow-Lark [Eremopterix griseus] 10 Asian Short-toed Lark [Alaudala cheleensis] 36 Athi Short-toed Lark [Alaudala athensis] 36 Bar-tailed Desert Lark [Ammomanes cinctura] 7 Bimaculated Lark [Melanocorypha bimaculata] 31 Black Lark [Melanocorypha yeltoniensis] 33 Black-crowned Sparrow-Lark [Eremopterix nigriceps] 9 Black-eared Sparrow-Lark [Eremopterix australis] 8 Blanford's Lark [Calandrella -
The Long-Billed Lark Complex: a Species Mosaic in Southwestern Africa
The Auk 116(1):194-208, 1999 THE LONG-BILLED LARK COMPLEX: A SPECIES MOSAIC IN SOUTHWESTERN AFRICA PETER G. RYAN •,3 AND PAULETTE BLOOMER •'2 •PercyFitzPatrick Institute of AfricanOrnithology, University of CapeTown, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; and 2Departmentof Zoologyand Entomology, Pretoria University, Pretoria 0001, SouthAfrica ABSTi•ACT.--TheLong-billed Lark (Certhilaudacurvirostris) is a geographicallyvariable species.Thirteen subspecies have been described, and at leastthree phenotypically well- definedgroups exist. We use concordantpatterns of genotypicand phenotypicvariation to recognizecryptic species within this complex.Genotype information was obtainedby se- quencingpart of themitochondrial DNA cytochrome-bgene. Three taxa are genetically high- ly distinct,differing from each other by 6 to 9% sequencedivergence. One of thesetaxa com- prisesthree phenotypically distinct taxa that differ from eachother by 2% sequencediver- gence.These values far exceedthe variationwithin describedsubspecies (0.2 to 0.4%)and approachthe distanceto the presumedsister taxon, the Short-clawedLark (C. chuana;8 to 10%).Well-defined morphological and plumage differences exist between all taxaexcept ben- guelensisand northernpopulations of subcoronata.We proposethat the complexconsists of five species:the closelyrelated C. curvirostris,C. brevirostris,and C. semitorquata,and the more distantly related C. subcoronataand C. benguelensis.Comparison of male display songs providesadditional support for the recognitionof five species,but samplesizes are -
Molecular Species Delimitation of Larks
diversity Article Molecular Species Delimitation of Larks (Aves: Alaudidae), and Integrative Taxonomy of the Genus Calandrella, with the Description of a Range-Restricted African Relic Taxon Martin Stervander 1,2,3,4,* , Bengt Hansson 1 , Urban Olsson 5,6 , Mark F. Hulme 2,7 , Ulf Ottosson 2 and Per Alström 8,9,* 1 Molecular Ecology and Evolution Lab, Department of Biology, Lund University, Ecology Building, 223 62 Lund, Sweden; [email protected] 2 A. P. Leventis Ornithological Research Institute, PO Box 13404, 930421 Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria; [email protected] (M.F.H.); [email protected] (U.O.) 3 Institute of Ecology and Evolution (IE2), University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-5289, USA 4 Bird Group, Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Tring, Hertfordshire HP23 6AP, UK 5 Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 463, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; [email protected] 6 Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Box 461, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden 7 Department of Life Sciences, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago 8 Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden 9 Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China * Correspondence: [email protected] (M.S.); [email protected] (P.A.) http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:95759AE0-C9F8-4403-9451- BED6770DE210 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:565ECF77-AEAF-42C0-B099-5C3696A49484 Received: 19 October 2020; Accepted: 12 November 2020; Published: 13 November 2020 Abstract: Larks constitute an avian family of exceptional cryptic diversity and striking examples of convergent evolution.