Scientific Name Common Name Book Sex N Mean S.D. Min Max Season Location Source Comments Family Apterygidae Status Apteryx australis Southern Brown Kiwi E M 15 2120 1720 2730 New Zealand Colbourne & Kleinpaste 1983 F 31 2540 2060 3850 Apteryx australis lawryi Southern Brown Kiwi B M 9 2720 2300 3060 Stewart Island, New ZealandMarchant & Higgins 1990 F 10 3115 267 2700 3500 Apteryx rowi Okarito Brown Kiwi N M 49 1924 157 1575 2250 South Island, New Zealand Tennyson et al. 2003 F 51 2650 316 1950 3570 Apteryx mantelli North Island Brown Kiwi N F 4 2725 2060 3433 New Zealand Marchant & Higgins 1990 split in Clements

Family Tinamidae Nothocercus julius Tawny-breasted Tinamou N F 1 693 Peru Specimens Mus. SWern Biology

Nothocercus nigrocapillus Hooded Tinamou N M 1 540 Gomes and Kirwan 2014a

Crypturellus brevirostris Rusty Tinamou N M 2 221 209 233 Guyana Robbins et al. 2007 F 1 295 Crypturellus casiquiare Barred Tinamou N F 1 250 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished

Rhynchotus maculicollis Huayco Tinamou N U 10 868 860 900 Fiora 1933a split by Clements 2008

Tinamotis ingoufi Patagonian Tinamou N U 900 1000 Gomes & Kirwan 2014b

Family Spheniscidae Eudyptes moseleyi Tristan Penguin N B 11 2340 517 1400 2950 B Amsterdam Is., Indian OceanDrabek & Tremblay 2000 split from E. chrysocome by Clements 2012

Family Diomedeidae Diomedea antipodensis gibsoni Wandering Albatross N M 35 6800 5500 8600 Auckland Islands Tickell 2000 split by del Hoyo et al. 2013 F 36 5800 4600 7300 Diomedea antipodensis Wandering Albatross N M 10 7460 Antipodes Islands Tickell 2000 split by del Hoyo et al. 2013 antipodensis F 15 5840 Diomedea dabbenena Tristan Albatross N M 1 7200 Hockey et al. 2005 source splits from Wandering

Thalassarche cauta cauta White-capped Albatross B M 18 4350 3900 5100 Marchant & Higgins 1990 Split accepted by Clements in 2009 F 18 3700 3200 4400 Thalassarche cauta steadi White-capped Albatross B M 6 4430 3300 5300 B Auckland Islands Tickell 2000 Split accepted by Clements in 2009 F 7 3450 2600 4200 Thalassarche salvini Salvin's Albatross B M 17 4000 3300 4900 B Bounty Islands Tickell 2000 Split accepted by Clements in 2009 F 12 3590 3300 3700 Thalassarche eremita Chatham Albatross B M 13 4000 3600 4700 B Chatham Islands Tickell 2000 Split accepted by Clements in 2009 F 10 3770 3100 3900 Thalassarche carteri Indian Yellow-nosed Albatross N U 31 2550 2100 2900 Hockey et al. 2005 split from T. chlororhynchos accepted by Hockey

Family Procellariidae Fulmarus glacialis glacialis Northern Fulmar B U 86 725 560 1050 Howell 2012 Fulmarus glacialis Northern Fulmar B U 27 825 550 1300 at sea, breeding season Bourne 1998

Fulmarus glacialis Northern Fulmar B U 74 812 590 1002 B Scotland Bourne 1998

Fulmarus glacialoides Southern Fulmar B M 17 835 720 1030 Hockey et al. 2005 F 14 738 670 855 Thalassoica antarctica Antarctic Petrel B M 23 679 560 780 Hockey et al. 2005 F 31 656 530 805 Pterodroma macroptera Great-winged Petrel B U 61 587 460 745 Marion Island Hockey et al. 2005

Pterodroma gouldi Gray-faced Petrel E M 56 560 B New Zealand Imber 1976 split from Pterodroma macroptera, Clements 2016 F 28 505 Pterodroma aterrima Mascarene Petrel B U 13 222 28.1 Reunion Shirihai et al. 2014

Pterodroma hasitata Black-capped Petrel B U 40 475 350 590 Howell 2012

Pterodroma incerta Atlantic Petrel B B 26 544 70.8 420 720 B Gough Island Cuthbert 2004

Pterodroma ultima Murphy's Petrel B U 22 380 300 425 B Tuamotu Lacan & Mougin 1974

Pterodroma neglecta Kermadec Petrel B U 12 471 370 590 B Macauley Is.; Chile; TuamotuMarchant & Higgins 1990, Ochoa-acuna et al. 2002, Lacan & Mougin 1974 Pterodroma heraldica Herald Petrel B U 13 275 237 320 Howell 2012

Pterodroma deserta Desertas Petrel N U 17 311 20.6 275 355 Desertas Brooke 2004 split from Pterodroma feae by del Hoyo et al. 2013 formerly in database as P. feae Pterodroma brevipes Collared Petrel E B 20 136 116 158 B Fiji Watling 1986 split from Pterodroma leucoptera by Clements 2012

Pterodroma macgillivrayi Fiji Petrel N U 3 136 120 145 Fiji Watling & Lewanavanua 1985 Shirihai, et al. 2009 Procellaria conspicillata Spectacled Petrel N U 20 1191 76 1010 1315 B Inaccessible Island Brooke 2004 split from P. aequinoctialis by Clements 2008

Procellaria westlandica Westland Petrel B M 30 1260 93.1 B New Zealand Landers et al. 2011 F 7 1186 Calonectris diomedea Cory's Shearwater B M 12 880 60 B N. Atlantic Ocean islands Ramos et al. 2009 F 11 810 76 Calonectris edwardsii Cape Verde Shearwater N M 16 477 37.3 B Cape Verde Islands Gomez-Dias & Gonzalez-Solis unpubl. F 10 443 25.7 Puffinus creatopus Pink-footed Shearwater B B 146 723 66.3 576 889 B Chile Guicking et al. 2004

Puffinus carneipes Flesh-footed Shearwater B U 90 632 5.1 B Western Australia Powell et al. 2007

Puffinus yelkouan Levantine Shearwater B M 45 441 36 360 510 B France Bourgeois et al. 2007 F 41 429 34.1 355 495 Puffinus huttoni Hutton's Shearwater B M 42 374 19.8 330 418 B New Zealand Cuthbert & Davis 2002 F 35 359 18.3 315 392 Puffinus baroli Barolo Shearwater N M 24 160 11.9 142 189 Salvages Brooke 2004 Split from Little Shearwater, Clements 2009 F 17 151 7.8 139 166 Puffinus newelli Newell's Shearwater B U 35 381 45 340 411 B Hawaiian Is. Ainley, . et al. 1997 split from Townsend's Shearwater by AOU 2015

Puffinus myrtae Rapa Shearwater B U 13 192 175 215 Polynesia Shirihai et al. 2017 split by Clements 2015 Holyoak & Thibault 1984 Puffinus bryani Bryan's Shearwater N U 2 147 130 164 Bonin Is., nw Pacific Kawakami et al. 2012 Recognized by AOU, 2012

Puffinus subalaris Galapagos Shearwater E U 78 168 128 211 B Galapagos Is. Harris 1969a split from Audubon's Shearwater, Clements 2008

Puffinus lherminieri Audubon's Shearwater N U 100 200 138 253 Howell 2012 old book sample is now P. subalaris

Puffinus lherminieri Audubon's Shearwater N U 12 218 24.7 181 285 Fernando de Noronha Mestre et al. 2009

Puffinus bailloni bailloni Tropical Shearwater B U 12 226 28.2 165 259 Reunion Jouanin 1987 split from Audubon's Shearwater, Clements 2009

Puffinus bailloni nicolae Tropical Shearwater B U 62 168 19 Seychelles Bretagnolle et al. 2000 split from Audubon's Shearwater, Clements 2009

Puffinus bailloni colstoni Tropical Shearwater B U 8 214 Aldabra Bretagnolle et al. 2000 split from Audubon's Shearwater, Clements 2009

Family Hydrobatidae Oceanites gracilis gracilis Elliot's Storm-Petrel B U 2 16.5 Harrison et al. 2013

Oceanites gracilis galapagoensis Elliot's Storm-Petrel B U 3 16.7 16 17 Galapagos Islands Harris 1969b, Spear & Ainley 2007 formerly known as White-vented Storm-Petrel

Oceanites pincoyae Pincoya Storm-Petrel N U 12 26.7 2.4 Chile Harrison et al. 2013 new species described in this paper

Fregetta grallaria titan White-bellied Storm-Petrel B U 9 69 60 74 Polynesia Holyoak & Thibault 1984

Fregetta maoriana New Zealand Storm-Petrel N U 13 34.5 0.4 New Zealand Rayner et al. 2015

Oceanodroma socorroensis Townsend's Storm-Petrel N B 152 31.7 4.2 22.4 44 Guadalupe Islands Crossin 1974 split from O. leucorhoa by AOU 2016

Oceanodroma cheimomnestes Ainsley's Storm-Petrel N M 4 39.9 35.6 43.8 Guadalupe Is., Mexico Specimens U Cal Berkeley split from O. leucorhoa by AOU 2016 F 2 35.8 34 37.5 Oceanodroma tethys kelsalli Wedge-rumped Storm-Petrel B U 16 22.5 B Ferrol Island, Peru Ayala & Sanchez-Scaglioni 2007

Oceanodroma monteiroi Monteiro's Storm-Petrel N U 229 44.1 4.4 33 58 B Azores Is. (hot season) Slotterback 2002 species split from O. castro by Bolton et al. 2008

Family Sulidae Morus capensis Cape Gannet B B 230 2640 2240 3290 Hockey et al. 2005

Morus serrator Australasian Gannet B M 54 2590 1822 B New Zealand Ismar et al. 2014 formerly Australian Gannet F 47 2660 1529 sexes not signif different Sula variegata Peruvian Booby B M 25 1290 75 1200 1450 Peru Zavalaga et al. 2009 F 24 1543 105 1300 1675

Family Phalacrocoracidae Phalacrocorax africanus Long-tailed Cormorant B M 87 585 43 Hockey et al. 2005 F 81 525 41

Family Anhingidae Anhinga rufa African Darter B M 10 1436 1206 1711 Johnsgard 1993 formerly considered a subspecies of A. melanogaster F 9 1357 1055 1660 Anhinga melanogaster Oriental Darter B U 4 1340 1160 1500 Johnsgard 1993

Anhinga novaehollandiae Australasian Darter N M 16 1600 1200 2100 Marchant & Higgins 1990 formerly considered a subspecies of A. melanogaster F 18 1700 900 2600

Family Ardeidae Ardea melanocephala Black-headed Heron B B 49 1449 1150 2000 Hockey et al. 2005

Egretta garzetta Little Egret B U 75 346 77.3 Y Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Egretta sacra Pacific Reef-Heron B U 45 525 345 625 Tuamotu Lacan & Mougin 1974

Ardeola grayii Indian Pond-Heron B M 3 263 230 282 Maldives; India Majumdar 1984a; Cramp & Simmons 1977increased sample size

Ardeola id ae Madagascar Pond-Heron N M 1 275 Tanzania; Madagascar Spec. Yale Peabody Mus, Univ Mich MZ F 1 300 Butorides (striata) sundevalli Striated (Lava) Heron N F 1 239 Galapagos Islands Specimens U Cal Berkeley

Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret B U 105 274 51.4 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Syrigma sibilatrix Whistling Heron B B 3 472 370 555 Brazil; Argentina Contreras 1983a, Belton 1984 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017 Nycticorax nycticorax Black-crowned Night-Heron B U 105 495 117 Y Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Gorsachius leuconotus White-backed Night-Heron N 440 approximate Hockey et al. 2005

Ixobrychus dubius Black-backed Bittern N U 15 83.9 16.9 59 120 Australia Marchant & Higgins 1990 formerly a subspecies of I. minutus

Family Scopidae Scopus umbretta Hamerkop B M 24 535 381 672 Hockey et al. 2005 F 20 473 421 537

Family Ciconiidae Anastomus oscitans Asian Openbill N U 1 1590 India Specimens Los Angeles County Museum

Leptoptilos dubius Greater Adjutant N U 10 8620 7100 #### Assam, India Singha et al. 2006 immatures

Family Threskiornithidae Plegadis chihi White-faced Ibis B M 13 569 35.9 520 628 Argentina Fuchs et al. 2017 F 10 476 42.7 385 543 Pseudibis papillosa Red-naped Ibis N F 2 823 India Dhananjayan 2013 Bostrychia hagedash Hadada Ibis B M 4 1238 1320 1540 Hockey et al. 2005 F 8 1270 1180 1400

Family Phoenicopteridae Phoenicopterus ruber American Flamingo N M 26 3380 100 B captive Hughes et al. 2013 American Flamingo split by AOU in 2008 F 16 2980 120 Phoenicopterus minor Lesser Flamingo B M 10 1830 1600 2100 Hockey et al. 2005 F 12 1620 1400 2000

Family Anatidae Dendrocygna viduata White-faced Whistling-Duck B U 204 699 423 956 Hockey et al. 2005

Thalassornis leuconotos White-backed Duck B U 21 659 558 790 Hockey et al. 2005

Anser serrirostris rossicus Tundra Bean-Goose E M 126 2668 233 1970 3390 W Netherlands Cramp & Simmons 1977 AOU split from below in Uly 2007 issue F 117 2374 203 2000 2800 Anser fabalis fabalis Taiga Bean-Goose E M 68 3198 302 2690 4060 W Netherlands Cramp & Simmons 1977 F 58 2843 274 2220 3490 Alopochen aegyptiana Egyptian Goose B M 41 2350 1690 3010 Hocking et al. 2005 F 98 1870 1460 2290 Plectropterus gambensis Spur-winged Goose B M 297 5090 3300 7450 Hockey et al. 2005 F 303 3550 2200 6100 Sarkidiornis melanotos Comb Duck B M 18 1910 1300 2610 Hockey et al. 2005 F 5 1370 1030 2330 Sarkidiornis sylvicola Comb Duck N M 5 1863 Kear 2005 split from S. melanotos, Clements 2018 F 5 1069 Nettapus auritus African Pygmy-Goose B U 18 262 216 298 Hockey et al. 2005

Salvadorina waigiuensis Salvadori's Teal B U 2 256 188 324 New Guinea Mayr & Gilliard 1954, Specimens Univ. Kansas

Anas andium Andean Teal M 1 484 Kear 2005 Split from A. flavirostris

Anas capensis Cape Teal B M 31 419 352 502 Hockey et al. 2005 F 25 380 316 451 Anas undulata Yellow-billed Duck B M 7839 965 533 1310 Hockey et al. 2005 F 6080 823 600 1123 Anas diazi Mexican Duck E M 960 1060 Palmer 1976 split by Clements 2018 F 815 990 Anas poecilorhyncha Indian Spot-billed Duck N M 1230 1500 Kear 2005 F 790 1360 Anas zonorhyncha Eastern Spot-billed Duck B M 13 1156 1000 1340 Hopei, China Shaw 1936 split accepted by AOU in 2008 F 2 865 750 980 Anas hottentota Hottentot Duck B U 58 250 205 305 Hockey et al. 2005

Anas cyanoptera orinomus Cinnamon Teal B M 13 499 38.6 425 550 Peru; Bolivia Wilson et al. 2010 F 9 451 390 495 Anas cyanoptera cyanoptera Cinnamon Teal B M 28 414 40.2 340 515 Peru Wilson et al. 2010 F 13 394 38.2 340 470 Anas smithii Cape Shoveler B M 32 603 548 680 South Africa Hockey et al. 2005 F 24 572 492 665 Anas specularioides Crested Duck B M 40 1042 993 1108 Bulgarella et al. 2007 check source when hard copy in hand F 27 956 821 1031 Netta erythrophthalma Southern Pochard B M 577 799 592 1010 Hockey et al. 2005 F 463 763 484 1018 Melanitta fusca Velvet Scoter E B 12 1757 1519 1980 W Denmark Cramp & Simmons 1977 split by Clements 2018

Melanitta deglandi White-winged Scoter B M 29 1917 1388 2128 W Alaska, USA Brown & Fredrickson 1997 F 10 1732 1566 1946 Melanitta americana Black Scoter B M 34 1117 102 Canada Bordage & Savard 1995 split accepted by AOU in 2010 F 21 987 110 Melanitta nigra Common Scoter N M 14 1165 964 1339 W Kear 2005 F 10 1059 973 1233 Oxyura ferruginea Andean Duck N M 5 784 688 850 Argentina Contreras 1975, Humphrey et al. 1970 lumped by Clements 2008, split again Clements 2018

Oxyura maccoa Maccoa Duck B M 1 820 Johnsgard & Carbonell 1996 F 3 554 516 580

Family Accipitridae Henicopernis longicauda Long-tailed Honey-Buzzard B M 2 404 360 447 Brown & Amadon 1968 F 1 730 Specimens Univ. Kansas Macheiramphus alcinus Bat Hawk B U 3 624 600 650 Hockey et al. 2005

Morphnus guianensis Crested Eagle B M 2 1238 1200 1275 Guatemala; Surinam Whitacre 2012 F 4 1905 1697 2226 Harpia harpyja Harpy Eagle B M 4 4800 4000 4600 Surinam; Guyana Whitacre 2012 F 1 7598 Elanus caeruleus Black-shouldered Kite B M 29 237 200 270 Hockey et al. 2005 F 27 258 219 293 Chondrohierax uncinatus Hook-billed Kite B M 11 263 Whitacre 2012 F 10 280 Leptodon cayanensis Gray-headed Kite N M 11 461 414 553 Whitacre 2012 F 5 521 416 643 Haliaeetus vocifer African Fish-Eagle B M 16 2350 2100 3000 Kenya Hockey et al. 2005 F 19 3010 2300 3900 Necrosyrtes monachus Hooded Vulture B U 58 2120 1750 2600 Hockey et al. 2005

Gyps africanus White-backed Vulture B U 161 5450 4600 6600 Hockey et al. 2005

Gyps rueppellii Rueppell's Griffon B U 19 7570 6800 9000 Hockey et al. 2005

Gyps coprotheres Cape Griffon B U 29 8600 7300 #### South Africa Hockey et al. 2005

Trigonoceps occipitalis White-headed Vulture B U 22 4000 3300 5300 Hockey et al. 2005

Circaetus pectoralis Black-breasted Snake-Eagle B U 46 1500 1180 2260 Hockey et al. 2005

Circaetus cinerascens Banded Snake-Eagle N U 1 1130 Hockey et al. 2005 Eutriorchis astur Madagascar Serpent-Eagle N U 1 700 Madagascar Thorstrom et al. 1995

Circus ranivorus African Marsh-Harrier B M 14 431 350 470 Hockey et al. 2005 F 8 570 490 690 Circus maurus Black Harrier B M 3 375 350 410 Hockey et al. 2005 F 5 555 514 600 Circus hudsonius Northern Harrier E M 186 359 39.9 283 472 F New Jersey, USA Cape May Raptor Banding Project split by AOU 2017 F 174 515 54.6 375 661 Circus cyaneus cyaneus Hen Harrier N M 3 300 290 320 northern China Piechocki 1958 split by AOU 2017 F 1 430 Melierax metabates Dark Chanting-Goshawk B U 69 658 478 815 Hockey et al. 2005

Melierax canorus Pale Chanting-Goshawk B M 46 741 610 870 Hockey et al. 2005 F 65 903 670 1600 Micronisus gabar Gabar Goshawk B M 30 134 110 173 Hockey et al. 2005 F 39 194 168 228 Harpagus diodon Rufous-thighed Kite N M 3 181 179 182 Bolivia; Paraguay FMNH specimens F 1 200 Foster & Johnson 2017 Accipiter poliogaster Gray-bellied Hawk N M 1 315 Brazil Specimen Museu Sao Paolo formerly known as Gray-bellied Goshawk F 1 410 F. Schunck, unpubl. Data Accipiter tachiro African Goshawk B M 4 221 205 236 Hockey et al. 2005 F 7 358 320 403 Accipiter badius Shikra B M 19 124 73 160 Hockey et al. 2005 F 23 141 115 171 Accipiter cooperii Cooper's Hawk B M 48 336 22.2 B Wisconsin, USA Rosenfield and Bielefeldt 1999 F 30 582 41.6 Accipiter bicolor Bicolored Hawk B M 11 234 24.8 190 273 Whitacre 2012 F 11 457 57.2 342 585 Accipiter melanochlamys Black-mantled Goshawk B B 4 235 145 294 Frith & Frith 1993, Brown & Amadon 1968 Gilliland & LeCroy 1968, Specimens Univ Kansas Accipiter albogularis Pied Goshawk B M 3 221 181 265 Galbraith & Galbraith 1962, Brown & Amadon 1968 F 2 252 225 280 Specimens Univ. Kansas Accipiter rufitorques Fiji Goshawk B M 190 Fiji White & Brimm 1998 F 281 Accipiter poliocephalus Gray-headed Goshawk B M 2 205 155 204 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas F 4 290 268 325 Accipiter minullus Little Sparrowhawk B M 14 74 66 83 Hockey et al. 2005 F 10 106 91 128 Accipiter virgatus quaggae Besra N M 2 85.8 82.5 90 Mindanao, Philippines Peterson et al. 2008

Accipiter ovampensis Ovampo Sparrowhawk B U 18 196 119 305 Hockey et al. 2005

Accipiter rufiventris Rufous-chested Sparrowhawk B M 5 120 101 145 Hockey et al. 2005 F 5 202 180 220 Accipiter melanoleucus Black Goshawk B M 11 543 505 630 Hockey et al. 2005 F 11 908 820 1040 Megatriorchis doriae Doria's Goshawk N M 1 675 New Guinea Ferguson-Lees & Christie 2001 F 1 1000 Specimens Univ. Kansas Buteogallus lacernulatus White-necked Hawk N U 520 Brazil Vale et al. 2018 fomerly known as Leucopternis lacernulatus Buteogallus meridionalis Savanna Hawk B B 11 816 Surinam; Panama Hartman 1961, Haverschmidt 1948 Argentina Araoz et al. 2016 Rupornis magnirostris griseocaudaRoadside Hawk B M 4 244 239 246 Guatemala Whitacre 2012 formerly Buteo magnirostris, AOU 2015 F 4 286 263 315 Rupornis magnirostris magnirostrisRoadside Hawk B M 9 247 206 290 Surinam Whitacre 2012 F 8 289 257 350 Rupornis magnirostris pucherani Roadside Hawk B F 1 340 Argentina Araoz et al. 2016

Rupornis magnirostris saturatus Roadside Hawk B B 14 312 215 410 Argentina Araoz et al. 2016

Leucopternis kuhli White-browed Hawk B M 2 322 315 330 Peru; Bolivia Robbins et al. 1991, Maillard et al. 2007 F 2 400 385 415 Buteo ridgwayi Ridgway's Hawk N M 1 315 Hispaniola Woolwaver unpubl. Data F 2 414 395 434 Buteo socotraensis Socotra Buzzard N U 500 1000 Socotra Island del Hoyo et al. 2013

Buteo trizonatus Forest Buzzard B M 5 568 515 595 Hockey et al. 2005 split by Clements 2015 F 6 656 600 705 Buteo augur Augur Buzzard B M 5 1000 880 1160 Hockey et al. 2005 F 7 1130 1100 1300 Buteo rufofuscus Jackal Buzzard B M 9 970 870 1080 Hockey et al. 2005 F 12 1360 1150 1700 Buteo lagopus Rough-legged Hawk B M 55 904 672 1240 Wisconsin & western USA Clark & Bloom 2016 F 42 1138 903 1240 Spizaetus ornatus Ornate Hawk-Eagle B M 4 1028 72 964 1132 Guatemala; Mexico Whitacre 2012 F 11 1452 101 1321 1630 Spizaetus melanoleucus Black-and-white Hawk-Eagle N M 1 780 Belize; Surinam Whitacre 2012 AOU July 2007 genus change F 1 1191 Spizaetus melanoleucus Black-and-white-Hawk-Eagle B U 1 1030 Argentina Araoz et al. 2016

Clanga pomarina Lesser Spotted Eagle B M 130 1190 5 1067 1384 Cramp and Simmons 1980 split from next species F 290 1610 10 1284 2160 Aquila rapax rapax Tawny Eagle B M 2 1905 1850 1960 Hockey et al. 2005 F 2 1975 1570 2380 Aquila nipalensis Steppe Eagle B M 13 2460 1950 3110 Hockey et al. 2005 F 18 2990 2270 3900 Aquila verreauxii Verreaux's Eagle B M 6 3700 3000 4200 Hockey et al. 2005 F 8 4500 3100 5800 Hieraaetus wahlbergi Wahlberg's Eagle B M 16 1040 850 1200 Hockey et al. 2005 formerly in genus Aquila F 15 1300 1000 1500 Hieraaetus ayresii Ayres's Hawk-Eagle B M 8 656 615 714 Hockey et al. 2005 F 20 1008 879 1150 Hieraaetus weiskei Pygmy Eagle N M 1 559 Papua New Guinea Specimens Smithsonian Institute split from H. morphnoides by Clements 2012

Polemaetus bellicosus Martial Eagle B M 16 3310 2200 5100 Hockey et al. 2005 F 14 4700 3900 5300 Spizaetus pinskeri Pinsker's Hawk-Eagle N F 1 1281 Mindanao, Philippines Preleuthner & Gamauf 1998 also listed as Nisaetus pinskeri Stephanoaetus coronatus Crowned Hawk-Eagle B M 2 3750 3400 4100 Hockey et al. 2005 F 2 3525 3200 3850

Family Falconidae Microhierax fringillarius Black-thighed Falconet B M 1 47 Wells 1999, Wells 2007 F 1 42.9 Micrastur ruficollis Barred Forest-Falcon B M 13 168 6 156 176 Guatemala Whitacre 2012 F 17 238 23 207 307 Micrastur ruficollis Barred Forest-Falcon B U 3 190 180 207 Argentina Araoz et al. 2016

Micrastur semitorquatus Collared Forest-Falcon B M 4 587 563 605 Guatemala Whittaker 2002 F 6 869 792 940 Caracara plancus Southern Caracara B B 4 811 700 960 Argentina Araoz et al. 2016

Herpetotheres cachinnans Laughing Falcon B M 13 601 544 686 Central America; Surinam Whitacre 2012 F 8 675 590 800 Falco moluccensis Spotted Kestrel N M 1 162 Sumba, Indonesia Olsen & Trost 2007

Falco ardosiaceus Gray Kestrel B M 5 232 215 250 Hockey et al. 2005 F 5 248 195 300 Falco chicquera Red-necked Falcon B M 13 172 149 192 Hockey et al. 2005 F 17 243 219 268 Falco subniger Black Falcon B M 13 592 59.2 481 650 Australia Debus & Olsen 2010 F 18 833 90.3 710 960 Falco hypoleucos Gray Falcon B M 4 388 362 419 Australia Schoenjahn 2010 F 6 559 486 624 Falco fasciinucha Taita Falcon B M 14 223 194 240 Hockey et al. 2005 F 16 314 260 350 Falco rupicolus Rock Kestrel N F 1 188 South Africa Specimen Cornell University split from F. tinnunculus by Clements 2015

Falco sparverius American Kestrel B B 11 117 90 152 Argentina Araoz et al. 2016

Family Cracidae Ortalis guttata Speckled Chachalaca N U 500 Peru Begazo and Bodmer 1998

Ortalis araucuan East Brazilian Chachalaca N U 550 Brazil Vale et al. 2018 split from Ortalis guttata by Clements 2013

Penelope barbata Bearded Guan N M 1 650 Ecuador Specimens Philly Academy F 1 680 Penelope ortoni Baudo Guan N M 1 872 Ecuador Specimens Philly Academy

Family Tetraonidae Bonasa sewerzowi Severtzov's Grouse B M 40 322 28.6 279 390 B Gansu, China Sun et al. 2005 F 55 327 26.3 270 407

Family Phasianidae Francolinus coqui Coqui Francolin B M 29 255 224 314 Hockey et al. 2005 F 32 232 191 295 Francolinus sephaena Crested Francolin B M 16 382 308 482 Hockey et al. 2005 F 11 312 226 374 Francolinus africanus Gray-winged Francolin B M 157 451 32.3 Hockey et al. 2005 F 81 429 26.9 Francolinus africanus Gray-winged Francolin B M 157 451 32.3 Hockey et al. 2005 F 81 429 26.9 Francolinus shelleyi Shelly's Francolin B M 59 500 397 610 Hockey et al. 2005 F 67 435 372 600 Francolinus levaillantoides Orange River Francolin B M 6 435 370 538 Hockey et al. 2005 F 9 356 450 Francolinus capensis Cape Francolin B M 14 977 873 1018 Hockey et al. 2005 F 18 767 636 900 Francolinus natalensis Natal Francolin B M 30 501 372 723 Hockey et al. 2005 F 24 390 322 495 Coturnix chinensis Blue-breasted Quail B M 4 36.3 34 39 Queensland, Australia Crouther & Crouther 1999 F 3 39.3 36 42 Xenoperdix obscurata Rubeho Forest-partridge N U 150 estimated del Hoyo et al. 2013 split from X. udzungnensis by del Hoyo et al. 2013

Arborophila campbelli Campbell's Hill Partridge B U 2 336 320 353 Wells 1999 split from A. orientalis

Arborophila cambodiana Chestnut-headed Partridge N F 1 283 Cambodia Eames et al. 2002 new subsp described in this source chandamonyi Rollulus rouloul Crested Partridge B M 6 278 260 300 Malaysia McCowan 1998 F 2 240 235 245 Polyplectron malacense Malayan Peacock-Pheasant B M 2 640 630 650 McGowan 1998 F 2 498 455 540 Polyplectron inopinatum Mountain Peacock-Pheasant N M 12 538 Bruning 2003 F 18 457 Polyplectron katsumatae Hainan Peacock-Pheasant B M 1 456 Madge & McGown 2002 split by Clements 2015

Family Numididae Numida meleagris Helmeted Guineafowl B U 330 1350 1010 1860 Hockey et al. 2005

Guttera pucherani edouardi Crested Guineafowl B M 1149 721 1573 Hockey et al. 2005

Family Rallidae Coturnicops noveboracensis Yellow Rail B M 17 58.2 5.6 45.9 69.6 W Alabama & Mississippi, USASoehren et al. 2018 F 23 44.7 3.8 34.5 51.9 Canirallus beankaensis Tsingy Wood-Rail N M 1 180 Madagascar Goodman et al. 2011 authors place in genus Mentocrex, as with kioloides

Rallina leucospila White-striped Forest-Rail B B 9 105 91 125 New Guinea Diamond 1969, Mayr & Meyer de Sch. 1939b

Gallirallus striatus Slaty-breasted Rail E U 7 115 100 142 Wells 1999, 2007, Ali & Ripley 1983

Gallirallus philippensis goodsoni Buff-banded Rail B U 4 200 156 238 American Samoa Inst. Bird Populations - get citation Gallirallus wakensis Wake Island Rail N U 113 extinct, estimated Olson & Rauzon 2011

Rallus crepitans Clapper Rail B M 109 322 35.5 180 400 F Louisiana, USA Eddleman & Conway 1998 previously known as R. longirostris before split F 157 257 34.3 180 320 Rallus crepitans scottii Clapper Rail B M 11 290 15.5 263 310 Florida, USA Eddleman & Conway 1998 F 14 247 30.1 199 314 Rallus obsoletus yumanensis Ridgway's Rail B M 81 266 350 California, USA Eddleman 1989 split from R. longirostris by AOU 2014 F 34 193 132 Rallus obsoletus obsoletus Ridgway's Rail N M 10 418 33.6 370 482 California, USA Overton, et al. 2009 split from R. longirostris by AOU 2014 F 25 326 23.9 275 385 Rallus tenuirostris King Rail B M 4 306 271 331 Mexico Meanley 1969 split from R. elegans by AOU 2014 F 3 248 220 268 Rallus indicus indicus Brown-cheeked Rail N U 1 70 India Smithsonian Inst NS specimen split from R. aquaticus by BOU

Rallus indicus korejewi Brown-cheeked Rail N M 1 139 Kazakhstan Phila Acad Nat Science specimen found Siberia through Japan, winters SE Asia, Borneo Lewinia mirifica Luzon Rail N M 1 68 Luzon, Philippines West. Foundation Vert. Zoology F 1 60 Dryolimnas cuvieri aldabranus White-throated Rail B U 180 Aldabra; weight approximatePistorius 2008

Aramides wolfi Brown Wood-Rail B U 4 494 Ecuador FMNH specimens, Karubian et al. 2011

Aramides albiventris Rufous-naped Wood-Rail N M 1 514 Mexico Specimens Royal Ontario Museum split from Aramides cajaneus by AOU 2016

Aramides calopterus Red-winged Wood-Rail N F 2 320 296 345 Ecuador; Peru Yale Peabody Mus, Mus. Vert Zool Berkeley

Aramides saracura Slaty-breasted Wood-Rail B M 3 512 460 540 Brazil; Paraguay Belton 1984, Foster & Johnson 2017

Amaurornis magnirostris Talaud Bush-hen N 250 estimated del Hoyo et al. 2013

Porzana fusca Ruddy-breasted Crake B U 18 51.5 68 Malaysia; Singapore Wells 1999; Wells 2007

Megacrex inepta New Guinea Flightless Rail B F 1 825 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Porphyrio porphyrio Western Swamphen B M 37 869 71.3 720 1000 Spain Cramp & Simmons 1980 split recognized by Clements 2015 F 35 724 78.7 520 870 Porphyrio indicus viridis Black-backed Swamphen N M 1 435 Specimen Mus Vert Zool, Berkeley split from P. porphyrio by Clements 2015

Porphyrio melanotis melanotis Australasian Swamphen B M 148 1091 94.9 785 1310 Australia Marchant & Higgins 1993 split from P. porphyrio by Clements 2015 F 97 885 98.5 679 1252 Porphyrio poliocephalus Gray-headed Swamphen N M 40 705 70.5 Florida, USA Callaghan et al. 2017 split from P. porphyrio by Clements 2015 F 33 614 54.2 Porphyrio madagascariensis African Purple Swamphen B M 11 636 528 687 Urban et al. 1986 species split by Hockey et al. 2005 F 8 556 480 737 Gallinula chloropus sandvicensis Common (Hawaiian) Moorhen B B 109 351 50 232 522 Hawaiian Islands DesRochers et al. 2010

Gallinula cachinnans Common Gallinule B M 27 415 370 456 Bannor & Kiviat 2002 split by AOU from G. chloropus, check sci name F 33 349 310 398 Gallinula chloropus chloropus Common Moorhen B M 74 339 249 493 Bannor & Kiviat 2002 F 80 271 192 343 Fulica alai Hawaiian Coot N M 2 550 529 570 Hawaiian Islands Specimens Cornell Univ F 2 390 348 432

Family Otitidae Chlamydotis undulata Houbara Bustard N M 2 2850 2500 3200 Sp Urban et al. 1986 split from C. macqueenii

Neotis ludwigii Ludwig's Bustard B M 12 4360 3100 6000 South Africa Earle et al. 1989 F 7 2470 2200 3000 Eupodotis vigorsii Karoo Bustard N M 8 1600 Hockey et al. 2005 F 6 1350 Eupodotis afraoides White-quilled Bustard B M 111 768 536 952 Hockey et al. 2005 F 141 710 500 910 Lissotis melanogaster Black-bellied Bustard B M 2 2250 1800 2700 Hockey et al. 2005 F 3 1200 1100 1400

Family Mesitornithidae Mesitornis variegatus White-breasted Mesite N U 110 Gamero et al. 2014

Family Turnicidae Turnix maculosus Red-backed Buttonquail B M 97 33.3 3 27 39 Queensland, Australia Crouther & Crouther F 53 46.1 5 36 60 Turnix suscitator Barred Buttonquail B M 17 59.5 10.7 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005 F 10 72.9 11.3 Turnix worcesteri Luzon Buttonquail N U 1 67 Field Museum Nat Hist specimen

Family Gruidae Grus paradisea Blue Crane B M 18 5090 4220 5820 Hockey et al. 2005 F 15 4650 4300 4950

Family Jacanidae Microparra capensis Lesser Jacana B F 2 40.8 40.3 41.3 Hockey et al. 2005

Family Rostratulidae Rostratula benghalensis Greater Painted-Snipe B M 45 116 92 146 Hockey et al. 2005 F 38 133 85 166 Rostratula benghalensis Greater Painted-Snipe B M 121 132 13.9 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005 F 76 163 19.2

Family Haematopodidae Haematopus bachmani Black Oystercatcher B M 92 582 31.4 B Alaska, USA Guzzetti et al. 2008 F 113 619 44.1

Family Recurvirostridae Recurvirostra avosetta Pied Avocet B U 28 322 270 390 Hockey et al. 2005 Family Burhinidae Burhinus indicus Indian Thick-knee N M 1 307 Vietnam (captive) Specimens MVZ, Berkeley split from Burhinus oedicnemus, Clements 2011

Burhinus capensis Spotted Thick-knee B U 126 492 395 623 Hockey et al. 2005

Burhinus superciliaris Peruvian Thick-knee N U 4 451 445 460 Ecuador Camacho & Torrez 2015

Family Glareolidae Cursorius rufus Burchell's Courser B M 11 95 76 112 Hockey et al. 2005 F 9 80.2 61 90 Rhinoptilus africanus Double-banded Courser B B 87.8 87.5 83 104 Hockey et al. 2005

Glareola pratincola Collared Pratincole B U 65 83.2 66 99.6 Hockey et al. 2005

Family Charadriidae Pluvialis dominica American Golden-Plover B B 95 148 12.7 126 180 Indiana, USA Jukema et al. 2015

Pluvialis dominica American Golden-Plover B U 219 133 13.1 100 178 W Uruguay Jukema et al. 2015

Vanellus crassirostris Long-toed Lapwing B U 6 191 162 225 Hockey et al. 2005

Vanellus armatus Blacksmith Lapwing B B 868 163 110 226 Hockey et al. 2005

Vanellus coronatus Crowned Lapwing B B 38 175 152 198 Zimbabwe; Botswana Hockey et al. 2005

Vanellus senegallus Wattled Lapwing B B 84 254 160 293 Hockey et al. 2005

Vanellus chilensis Southern Lapwing B B 4 308 250 426 Humphrey et al. 1970, Burton 1973 Belton 1984, Foster & Johnson 2017 Pluvialis fulva Pacific Golden-Plover B U 259 128 18.9 W Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Pluvialis squatarola Black-bellied Plover B M 6 218 210 226 B Siberia, Russia Exo & Stepanova 2001 F 9 229 220 240 Pluvialis squatarola Black-bellied Plover B U 72 231 34.3 W Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Charadrius pecuarius Kittlitz's Plover B U 1818 35.7 25.7 54.5 Hockey et al. 2005

Charadrius sanctaehelenae St. Helena Plover N U 44 49.9 2.8 40.3 57 Br Saint Helena McCulloch, unpublished data

Charadrius thoracicus Madagascar Plover N M 197 36.3 29.8 42 Madagascar Vincze unpublished data F 281 37.6 28 43.5 Charadrius tricollaris Three-banded Plover B U 1315 33.1 26.5 49.5 Hockey et al. 2005

Charadrius marginatus White-fronted Plover B U 312 46.2 36.1 61 Hockey et al. 2005

Charadrius pallidus Chestnut-banded Plover B U 33 37.7 32.7 50 Hockey et al. 2005 Charadrius nivosus Snowy Plover B B 458 42.3 35 58 B California, USA Page et al. 1995 split from C. alexandrinus by AOU in 2011

Charadrius alexandrinus Kentish Plover B M 457 49.3 5.9 Y Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005 F 361 51.6 7 Charadrius mongolus Lesser Sand-Plover B U 796 66 9.3 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Charadrius leschenaultii Greater Sand-Plover B U 1365 90.7 16.7 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Family Scolopacidae Coenocorypha pusilla pusilla Chatham Island Snipe B M 24 75.9 4.8 69 85 B Chatham Island Higgins & Davies 1996 F 24 85.4 5.7 77 94 Coenocorypha aucklandica Subantarctic Snipe B M 92 101 4.8 89 118 B Auckland Island Higgins & Davies 1996 aucklandica F 62 116 6.6 98 128 Coenocorypha aucklandica Subantarctic Snipe B M 18 92.2 5.6 B Antipodes Island Miskelly & Baker 2009 meinertzhagenae F 4 117 Coenocorypha aucklandica Subantarctic Snipe B M 6 89 85 94 B Campbell Island Miskelly & Baker 2009 perseverance F 6 102 95 107 Coenocorypha huegeli Snares Island Snipe B M 16 104 4.5 B Snares Island Miskelly et al. 2006 split by Clements 2009 F 13 116 8.1 Coenocorypha undescribed Campbell Island Snipe N M 6 89 3.3 B Campbell Island Miskelly et al. 2006 species F 6 102 4.6 Gallinago megala Swinhoe's Snipe B U 46 140 18.8 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Gallinago nigripennis African Snipe B U 77 122 105 145 Cape region, South Africa Hockey et al. 2005

Gallinago gallinago Common Snipe B U 160 94.9 9.6 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Limosa limosa Black-tailed Godwit B M 176 319 258 356 B Netherlands Hockey et al. 2005 F 133 256 221 300 Limosa lapponica baueri Bar-tailed Godwit B M 29 256 205 326 B Alaska Conklin et al. 2011 F 28 319 265 384 Numenius hudsonicus Whimbrel E M 29 355 22.1 310 403 B Manitoba & Ontario, CanadaSkeel 1982 split by BOU in 2011 F 36 404 29.1 345 459 Numenius phaeopus variegatus Eurasian Whimbrel B M 5 325 305 348 Tsingtao, China Shaw 1938 F 4 379 310 460 Actitis hypoleucos Common Sandpiper B U 652 51.5 10.4 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Tringa brevipes Gray-tailed Tattler B U 1406 123 24.3 M Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Tringa nebularia Common Greenshank B U 129 185 32.4 W Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Tringa stagnatilis Marsh Sandpiper B U 167 72.1 12.4 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Tringa glareola Wood Sandpiper B U 781 69.4 10.9 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Tringa totanus Common Redshank B U 311 125 19.3 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005 Prosobonia cancellata Tuamotu Sandpiper B B 6 36.7 32 44 Tuamotu Lacan & Mougin 1974

Calidris tenuirostris Great Knot B U 56 152 21.5 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Calidris ruficollis Red-necked Stint B U 1982 31.5 5.9 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Calidris temminckii Temminck's Stint B M 17 24.1 1.2 22 26.3 B Norway Lislevand et al. 2009 F 29 26.5 1.7 22.1 31.3 Calidris temminckii Temminck's Stint B U 27 30.5 5.3 M Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Calidris subminuta Long-toed Stint B U 321 31.1 5.1 M Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Calidris ferruginea Curlew Sandpiper B U 515 62.2 12.5 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Calidris alpina Dunlin B U 4167 56 6.9 W Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Limicola falcinellus Broad-billed Sandpiper B U 170 44.1 9.8 M Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Phalaropus lobatus Red-necked Phalarope B M 250 33.5 4 M Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005 F 250 35.7 5.3

Family Laridae Larus argentatus argentatus Herring Gull B M 138 1177 86.4 900 1440 Norway Cramp & Simmons 1983 F 115 944 64 795 1100 Larus argentatus mongolicus Herring Gull B M 4 1164 1075 1250 Mongolia Piechocki 1968 F 9 997 850 1150 Larus michahellis michahellis Yellow-legged Gull E M 80 1275 98 1040 1500 France Cramp & Simmons 1983 AOU split these two in July 2007 supplement F 80 1033 92 800 1400 Larus cachinnans Caspian Gull B U 27 835 750 1193 Caspian Sea Panov & Monzikov 2000

Larus cachinnans barabensis Caspian (Steppe) Gull N U 6 1012 900 1070 Russia Panov & Monzikov 2000 lumped by Clements 2008

Larus armenicus Armenian Gull N B 9 857 785 960 Panov & Monzikov 2000

Larus cirrocephalus Gray-hooded Gull B U 50 280 211 377 Hockey et al. 2005

Larus hartlaubii Hartlaub's Gull B M 16 291 270 315 Hockey et al. 2005 F 13 267 220 320 Rissa tridactyla Black-legged Kittiwake B M 759 386 27.8 B NE England Coulson 2009 F 752 348 28.8

Family Sternidae Procelsterna cerulea Blue-gray Noddy B U 11 45 40 55 Tuamotu Lacan & Mougin 1974 formerly Blue Noddy

Hydroprogne caspia Caspian Tern B B 40 666 California, USA Ackerman et al. 2008

Sterna vittata Antarctic Tern B U 170 138 107 172 Hockey et al. 2005

Thalasseus sandvicensis Sandwich Tern B U 79 220 190 287 Hockey et al. 2005 Thalasseus acuflavida eurygnatha Cabot's Tern B B 12 192 176 226 Surinam Haverschmidt & Mees 1994 split by BOU in 2011 from Sterna sandvicensis

Family Rynchopidae Rynchops flavirostris African Skimmer B M 6 208 190 225 Hockey et al. 2005 F 5 128 111 153

Family Pteroclidae Pterocles namaqua Namaqua Sandgrouse B M 561 185 141 240 Hockey et al. 2005 F 440 176 143 230 Pterocles gutturalis Yellow-throated Sandgrouse B B 15 349 285 400 Hockey et al. 2005

Pterocles bicinctus Double-banded Sandgrouse B B 63 230 191 280 Hockey et al. 2005

Pterocles burchelli Burchell's Sandgrouse B B 96 196 166 240 Madge & McGown 2002

Family Columbidae Columba guinea Speckled Pigeon B U 643 344 260 418 Hockey et al. 2005

Columba delegorguei Delegorgue's Pigeon B B 10 154 133 175 Hockey et al. 2005

Patagioenas picazuro Picazuro Pigeon B B 7 320 210 430 Argentina; Brazil; ParaguayFiora 1933, Salvador 1988, Belton 1984 Foster & Johnson 2017 Patagioenas araucana Chilean Pigeon N U 200 Cofre et al. 2007

Streptopelia decipiens African Mourning Dove B B 18 158 125 200 Hockey et al. 2005

Streptopelia dusumieri Philippine Collared-Dove B B 12 153 140 174 Philippines Rand & Rabor 1960, Ripley & Rabor 1958split from S. bitorquata by Clements 2012 Goodman et al. 1995 Streptopelia semitorquata Red-eyed Dove B U 337 252 162 310 Hockey et al. 2005

Streptopelia capicola Ring-necked Dove B U 1267 153 92 202 Hockey et al. 2005

Macropygia unchall Barred Cuckoo-Dove B U 4 167 153 180 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 1999, 2007, McClure 1964

Macropygia amboinensis Slender-billed Cuckoo-Dove B B 11 137 7.4 122 146 Papua New Guinea U Cal Berkeley, Kansas Univ, data previously reported for this species is Los Angeles County Museum from Australia, therefore not this species Macropygia emiliana Ruddy Cuckoo-Dove N F 1 161 Specimens Cal Academy Science

Chalcophaps longirostris longirostrisPacific Emerald Dove B B 18 160 140 192 Higgins & Davies 1996 split from Chalcophaps indica, Clements 2016

Chalcophaps longirostris sandwichensisPacific Emerald Dove B B 8 117 100 134 Vanuatu Kratter et al. 2006 split from Chalcophaps indica, Clements 2016

Reinwardtoena reinwardtii Great Cuckoo-Dove B U 11 265 175 305 New Guinea Diamond & LeCroy 1979 Specimens Univ. Kansas Turtur chalcospilos Emerald-spotted Wood-Dove B U 45 61.9 50.5 74.8 Hockey et al. 2005 Turtur tympanistria Tambourine Dove B B 264 71.5 57.3 88 Hockey et al. 2005

Zenaida macroura Mourning Dove B M 40 111 9.8 Cuba Ponce de Leon et al. 2010 F 27 101 9.7 Zenaida aurita Zenaida Dove B M 231 149 15.2 Barbados Dechaume-Moncharmont et al. 2011 F 294 142 14 Leptotila verreauxi White-tipped Dove B U 95 195 16.9 162 237 Texas, USA Giese et al. 2018

Leptotila verreauxi White-tipped Dove B B 9 181 154 203 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017

Leptotila conoveri Tolima Dove N B 2 154 142 165 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished

Columbina talpacoti Ruddy Ground-Dove B U 9 52.4 48 59 Brazil Bugoni et al. 2002

Geotrygon purpurata Purple Quail-Dove N F 1 129 juvenile; Columbia Specimens ROM

Gallicolumba keayi Negros Bleeding-heart N U 3 175 206 Philippines Curio 2001

Gallicolumba rufigula Cinnamon Ground-Dove B U 3 127 New Guinea Bell 1982, specimens Univ. Kansas

Gallicolumba erythroptera Polynesian Ground-Dove N U 3 115 105 120 Tuamotu Lacan & Mougin 1974

Gallicolumba xanthonura White-throated Ground-Dove B M 15 114 13.8 101 140 Saipan, Mariana Islands Radley et al. 2011 F 18 100 10.4 78.5 126 Gallicolumba stairi Friendly Ground-Dove B M 9 148 120 165 Nu'utele Island, Samoa Parrish & Sherley 2012 F 15 117 102 135 Gallicolumba canifrons Palau Ground-Dove N U 2 58.2 51 65.5 Palau Specimens Univ. Kansas

Gallicolumba hoedtii Wetar Ground-Dove N U 4 176 172 182 Wetar, Indonesia Trainor, et al. 2009

Trugon terrestris Thick-billed Ground-Dove B M 1 390 380 400 New Guinea Bell 1982, Specimens Univ. Kansas

Otidiphaps nobilis Pheasant Pigeon B F 1 263 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Goura scheepmakeri Southern Crowned-Pigeon B M 2 2238 2235 2240 captive; Papua New GuineaMees 1982, Specimens Univ. Kansas

Goura victoria Victoria Crowned-Pigeon B M 1 2954 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Phapitreron brunneiceps Mindanao Brown-dove N M 2 146 140 153 Mindanao, Philippines Peterson et al. 2008 F 1 124 Ptilinopus purpuratus purpuratus Gray-green Fruit-Dove N U 1 95 Holyoak & Thibault 1984

Ptilinopus purpuratus frater Gray-green Fruit-Dove N U 4 87.5 82 93 Holyoak & Thibault 1984

Ptilinopus purpuratus chrysogasterGray-green Fruit-Dove N U 13 106 95 125 Holyoak & Thibault 1984

Ptilinopus coralensis Atoll Fruit-Dove N U 14 89.3 70 100 Tuamotu Lacan & Mougin 1974

Ptilinopus huttoni Rapa Fruit-Dove N F 1 130 Rapa Holyoak & Thibault 1984

Ptilinopus dupetithouarsii White-capped Fruit-Dove N U 9 102 90 110 Marquises Islands Holyoak & Thibault 1984

Ptilinopus perousii Many-colored Fruit-Dove B B 3 87.4 85 102 Tonga; American Samoa Rinke 1987, Inst Bird Pop get citation

Ptilinopus porphyraceus fasciatus Crimson-crowned Fruit-Dove B B 40 106 20.6 60.6 165 American Samoa Inst. Bird Pop. Samoa TMAPS unpubished

Ptilinopus ponapensis Purple-capped Fruit-Dove N M 1 105 Ponape, Caroline Islands Specimen Cornell Univ. split from Ptilinopus porphyraceus, Clements 2016

Treron phayrei Ashy-headed Green-Pigeon N B 7 187 167 224 Bangladesh Specimens Museum Comp Zoology split from Treron pompadora by Clements 2012

Treron phoenicopterus Yellow-footed Pigeon B B 13 234 220 252 India Majumdar 1984, 1984a increased sample size

Ptilinopus alligator Black-banded Fruit-Dove N B 3 243 234 256 Northern Terr., Australia Hall 1974 split in Clements 2015 from P. cinctus

Ptilinopus perousii Many-colored Fruit-Dove B B 3 87.4 85 102 Tonga; American Samoa Rinke 1987, Inst Bird Pop get citation

Ptilinopus porphyraceus fasciatus Crimson-crowned Fruit-Dove B B 40 106 20.6 60.6 165 American Samoa Inst. Bird Pop, get citation

Ptilinopus coralensis Atoll Fruit-Dove N U 14 89.3 70 100 Tuamotu Lacan & Mougin 1974

Ptilinopus monacha Blue-capped Fruit-Dove N B 7 53.9 49 57 Halmahera, Indonesia Specimens Museum Comp. Zoology

Ptilinopus victor Orange Dove N B 2 81 76.6 85.4 Fiji Specimens Univ Kansas

Ptilinopus luteovirens Golden Dove N U 1 75 Fiji Specimens Univ Kansas

Ptilinopus layardi Velvet Dove N M 1 75.6 72.3 79 Fiji Specimens Univ Kansas

Ducula galeata Marquesas Imperial-Pigeon N M 2 630 600 660 Marquesas Islands Blanvillain & Thorsen 2003 F 2 570 550 590 Ducula rufigaster Purple-tailed Imperial-Pigeon B U 3 447 New Guinea Bell 1982, Specimens Univ. Kansas

Ducula pickeringii Gray Imperial-Pigeon N F 1 377 Sabah, Malaysia Specimens Western Found Vert Zoology heavy fat Ducula goliath New Caledonian Imperial-Pigeon B M 28 847 70.7 712 995 New Caledonia Barre et al. 2003 F 30 786 75.7 630 890 Ducula bicolor Pied Imperial-Pigeon N M 2 402 360 445 Sabah, Malaysia Specimens Western Found. Vert Zoology moderate fat Ducula spilorrhoa Torresian Imperial-Pigeon N M 18 468 36.5 378 540 Australia Higgins & Davies 1996 split from D. bicolor by Clements 2014 F 9 444 380 530 Ducula luctuosa Silver-tipped Imperial-Pigeon N U 410 Gibbs et al. 2001 split from D. bicolor by Clement 2014. Also known as White Imperial-Pigeon Hemiphaga chathamensis Chatham Island Pigeon N U 38 789 Chatham Island Flux et al. 2001 split from H. novaeseelandiae by authors

Gymnophaps stalkeri Seram Mountain-Pigeon N U 2 334 330 338 Seram, Moluccas Stresemann 1914a split from G. mada by Clements 2012

Family Psittacidae Chalcopsitta atra Black Lory B F 1 260 New Guinea Ripley 1964

Eos histrio Red-and-blue Lory N B 4 204 191 217 captive Sweeney 1998

Eos squamata Violet-necked Lory N M 1 91 captive Specimens Univ Alaska

Eos reticulata Blue-streaked Lory N B 2 153 146 160 captive Specimen Univ Michigan Mus Zool

Psitteuteles goldiei Goldie's Lorikeet B U 4 55.3 New Guinea Mayr & Gilliard 1954, Bell 1982 Specimens Univ. Kansas Lorius hypoinochrous Purple-bellied Lory B F 2 144 140 187 Beehler 1978, Specimens Univ. Kansas

Vini australis Blue-crowned Lorikeet N U 19 49.1 9.6 29.6 64.5 American Samoa Inst. Bird Population - get citation

Vini kuhlii Kuhl's Lorikeet N M 1 40 Line Islands Specimens University Kansas

Vini peruviana Blue Lorikeet B B 5 34.8 28.8 41 Cook Islands Specimens Univ. Washington Holyoak & Thibault 1984 Vini ultramarina Ultramarine Lorikeet N F 1 42 Marquesis Islands Holyoak & Thibault 1984

Charmosyna wilhelminae Pygmy Lorikeet N B 3 18.7 16 20 New Guinea Mayr & Meyer de Sch 1939b

Charmosyna rubronotata Red-fronted Lorikeet N M 1 28.5 New Guinea Mayr & Meyer de Sch 1939b rubronotata Charmosyna rubronotata Red-fronted Lorikeet N B 4 28.2 25 31.5 Biak Island, New Guinea Mayr & Meyer de Sche 1939a kordoana Charmosyna pulchella Fairy Lorikeet B B 6 30.2 24.2 32.9 New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas Beehler & Prawiradilaga 2010 Charmosyna josefinae Josephine's Lorikeet B U 3 74 55 74 New Guinea FMNH specimens, Mayr de Sch 1939B

Micropsitta bruijnii Red-breasted Pygmy-Parrot B M 4 14.5 13.5 15.5 New Britain Gilliard & LeCroy 1967b F 2 12.2 11.5 13 Specimens Univ. Kansas Micropsitta meeki Meek's Pygmy-Parrot N U 1 13.8 Manus Is., Bismarck Arch. Specimens Los Ang. County Mus

Cyclopsitta gulielmitertii Orange-breasted Fig-Parrot B B 4 30 27 33 New Guinea Diamond 1972

Psittaculirostris edwardsii Edwards's Fig-Parrot N M 1 118 New Guinea Ripley 1964

Prosopeia personata Masked Shining-Parrot N F 1 40.3 Fiji Specimen Univ Kansas

Eunymphicus cornutus Horned Parakeet B M 14 117 16 Ouvea, Loyalty Islands Boon et al. 2008 uvaeensis F 20 105 8 Eunymphicus cornutus Horned Parakeet B M 10 167 65 New Caledonia; captive cornutus F 7 125 16 Cyanoramphus hochstetteri Reischek's Parakeet N M 1 125 Antipodes Is. Greene 1999 split from C. novaezelandiae F 3 95.1 88.8 102 Cyanoramphus forbesi Chatham Islands Parakeet N M 28 87.7 4.3 81 96 Chatham Islands Wellington Conservancy unpubl. F 34 69.8 6.5 59 84 Cyanoramphus saissetti New Caledonian Parakeet N U 80 estimated, New Caledonia Theuerkauf, pers. Comm. Theuerkauf, et al. 2009 Psittacella modesta Modest Tiger-Parrot B U 2 43.3 42 44.7 Papua New Guinea Frith & Frith 1993, Mayr & Meyer de Sch 1939b

Psittinus cyanurus Blue-rumped Parrot N M 2 55.6 46.5 64.8 Sabah, Malaysia; captive Specimens W. Foundation Vert Zool F 2 72.5 70.5 74.5 Specimens LA County Museum Psittacula himalayana Slaty-headed Parakeet N B 2 108 99 118 India Specimens Univ Kansas; LA County Museum

Psittacula cyanocephala Plum-headed Parakeet B B 10 64 7.1 54 73 India Majumdar 1984a better sample

Loriculus aurantiifrons Papuan Hanging-Parrot N B 5 15.1 13.5 16 New Guinea Diamond & LeCroy 1979 Specimens Univ. Kansas Agapornis roseicollis Rosy-faced Lovebird B U 29 54 46 63 Hockey et al. 2005

Agapornis nigrigenis Black-cheeked Lovebird N U 4 41.4 captive Burton et al. 2008

Poicephalus fuscicollis Grey-headed Parrot N B 2 324 321 326 Hockey et al. 2005 Hockey splits from P. robustus

Forpus xanthops Yellow-faced Parrotlet N B 4 34.8 34 36 Peru Specimens MVZ, Univ Cal Berkeley

Pyrrhura cruentata Blue-throated Parakeet N U 153 Brazil Vale et al. 2018

Pyrrhura frontalis Maroon-bellied Parakeet B M 3 83.8 75 94 Brazil; Paraguay Belton 1984, Foster & Johnson 2017 F 2 72 72 72 Pyrrhura leucotis Maroon-faced Parakeet N U 92.6 Brazil Vale et al. 2018 formerly White-eared Parakeet

Pyrrhura lucianii Deville's Parakeet N U 2 67.7 67.4 68 Peru FMNH specimens split in Clements new edition

Pyrrhura amazonum snethlagae Madeira Parakeet N B 7 55.4 46 64 Brazil Specimens Museu Sao Paulo split not accepted by Clements 2008

Pyrrhura amazonum Hellmayr's Parakeet N B 11 62.3 3.4 58 68.3 Rondonia, Brazil FMNH specimens split in Clements new edition

Pyrrhura roseifrons Rose-fronted Parakeet N B 8 70.6 65.5 75.6 Peru Specimens Museum SW Biology, Univ. NM

Pyrrhura viridicata Santa Marta Parakeet N B 2 87.5 85 90 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished

Enicognathus leptorhynchus Slender-billed Parakeet N U 200 Cofre et al. 2007

Myiopsitta monachus Monk Parakeet B M 255 114 8 B Florida, USA Avery et al. 2012 F 280 112 10 Bolborhynchus ferrugineifrons Rufous-fronted Parakeet N F 1 64 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished

Touit melanonotus Brown-backed Parrotlet N U 41.3 Brazil Vale et al. 2018

Touit surdus Golden-tailed Parrotlet N U 3 62.5 48 54 Brazil Magalhaes et al. 2007

Pionopsitta pyrilia Saffron-headed Parrot N F 1 103 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished

Pionus maximiliani Scaly-headed Parrot B M 1 293 Brazil; Paraguay Belton 1984, Foster & Johnson 2017 F 1 275 Leptosittaca branickii Golden-plumed Parakeet N B 5 157 150 168 Peru; Ecuador Specimens Univ Kansas Specimens Mus SW Biology, UNM Amazona viridigenalis Red-crowned Parrot B B 6 270 266 299 Yucatan, Mexico Silva et al. 2017

Amazona brasiliensis Red-tailed Parrot N U 227 Brazil Vale et al. 2018

Amazona autumnalis Red-lored Parrot B U 6 350 339 369 Yucatan, Mexico Silva et al. 2017

Amazona auropalliata Yellow-naped Parrot N U 480 Matuzak et al. 2008 quoted from Stiles & Skutch 1989

Amazona arausiaca Red-necked Parrot N U 450 550 estimated Reillo personal comm

Amazona "gomezgarzai" "Blue-winged" Amazon N U 200 Yucatan, Mexico Silva et al. 2017

Amazona imperialis Imperial Parrot N F 2 529 509 550 Dominica Reillo et al. 2011

Psittacara euops Cuban Parakeet N U 13 86.7 78 96 Cuba Canizares & Inigo-Elias 2013 formerly Aratinga euops

Psittacara brevipes Socorro Parakeet N U 8 177 168 195 captive Cornejo, unpublished data split from Psittacara holochlorus, AOS 2019 formerly lumped by Clements 2008

Family Cuculidae Clamator jacobinus Pied Cuckoo B B 21 81 71.2 94 Hockey et al. 2005

Clamator levaillantii Levaillant's Cuckoo B B 16 122 102 141 Hockey et al. 2005

Cuculus varius Common Hawk-Cuckoo B B 8 103 93 110 Majumdar 1984, 1984a, Payne 2005 increased sample

Cuculus solitarius Red-chested Cuckoo B M 15 75.3 68 90 Hockey et al. 2005 F 5 71.6 67 74 Cuculus clamosus Black Cuckoo B M 10 90.2 78 104 Hockey et al. 2005 F 2 87.2 86 88.3 Cacomantis sepulcralis Brush Cuckoo E B 14 33.4 24.4 39.5 Philippines Rand & Rabor 1960 split from Brush Cuckoo - need common name

Eudynamys melanorhynchus Black-billed Koel B M 9 202 133 231 Payne 2005 split from Eudynamys scolopaceus F 4 217 192 244 Clements 2015 Eudynamys orientalis rufiventer Pacific Koel B B 18 219 188 254 New Guinea Diamond 2003 split from Eudynamys scolopaceus by Clements 2015

Eudynamys orientalis hybrida Pacific Koel B M 8 173 152 198 Northern Melanesia Diamond 2003 split from Eudynamys scolopaceus by Clements 2015

Eudynamys orientalis salvadorii Pacific Koel B M 5 275 205 330 New Britain Diamond 2003 split from Eudynamys scolopaceus by Clements 2015 salvadorii Eudynamys orientalis alberti Pacific Koel B B 6 165 143 190 Mayr 1944, Galbraith & Galbraith 1962 split from Eudynamys scolopaceus by Clements 2015

Eudynamys orientalis cyanocephalaPacific (Australian) Koel N B 39 259 167 340 eastern Australia Higgins et al. 1999 lumped into Pacific Koel by Clements 2015

Eudynamys orientalis subcyanocephalaPacific (Australian) Koel N B 21 227 158 267 Australia Higgins et al. 1999 lumped into Pacific Koel by Clements 2015

Cercococcyx lemaireae Whistling Long-tailed Cuckoo N M 1 54.2 Liberia Boesman & Collar 2019 split from Cercococcyx mechowi by this source Hierococcyx bocki Dark Hawk-Cuckoo N U 2 130 130 131 Wells 1999 split from Hierococcyx sparverioides, Clement 2016

Hierococcyx varius Common Hawk-Cuckoo B B 8 103 93 110 Majumdar 1984, 1984a, Payne 2005 increased sample formerly Cuculus varius Ceuthmochares australis Green Malkoha N B 25 62 52 72 eastern Africa Payne 2005 lumped in Clements 2014, split again Clements 2016

Phaenicophaeus tristis Green-billed Malkoha B B 8 120 100 142 Majumdar 1984, Payne 2005 Specimens Univ. Kansas Centropus andamanensis Andaman Coucal N U 1 164 Andaman Islands Specimens Zool. Society India split from Centropus sinensis in Clements 2014

Centropus burchellii Burchell's Coucal N B 6 182 162 213 Hockey et al. 2005

Crotophaga major Greater Ani B F 27 173 18.4 155 201 B Panama Riehl & Jara 2009

Family Tytonidae Tyto tenebricosa Greater Sooty-Owl B M 6 529 452 715 Australia, Papua New GuineaHiggins et al. 1999 F 4 887 753 1040 Specimens Univ. Kansas Tyto castanops Tasmanian Masked-Owl B M 4 632 395 805 Tasmania Higgins et al. 1999 split by Konig & Weick 2008 F 5 841 702 945 Tyto almae Seram Masked-Owl N U 1 540 Moluccas, Indonesia del Hoyo et al. 2013 newly described in del Hoyo et al. 2013

Tyto longimembris Eastern Grass-Owl B M 6 313 265 390 Australia Higgins et al. 1999 split by Konig & Weick 2008 F 3 370 312 478 Tyto glaucops Ashy-faced Owl N M 260 346 Hispaniola Konig & Weick 2008 F 465 535 Tyto insularis Lesser Antilles Barn Owl N U 260 estimated Konig & Weick 2008 split by Konig & Weick 2008

Tyto thomensis Sao Tome Barn Owl N M 1 380 Sao Tome Konig & Weick 2008 split by Konig & Weick 2008

Tyto delicatula Australian Barn Owl B B 22 355 250 470 Australia Higgins et al. 1999

Tyto punctatissima Galapagos Barn Owl B F 2 264 Galapagos Islands Taylor 1994

Tyto prigoginei Itombwe Owl N F 1 195 B Congo Butynski et al. 1977 formerly Phodius prigoginei, Congo Bay-Owl

Phodilus badius Oriental Bay-Owl N U 6 230 308 Wells 1999, 2007

Family Strigidae Otus rufescens Reddish Scops-Owl B U 13 70.5 86.4 Wells 1999, 2007

Otus spilocephalus Mountain Scops-Owl B U 20 83.8 8.3 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Otus bakkamoena Indian Scops-Owl B U 125 152 Konig & Weick 2008

Otus everetti Everett's Scops-Owl B M 4 125 Philippines Marshall 1978 split from Otus megalotis by Clements 2012 F 3 152 Otus nigrorum Negros Scops-Owl N U 1 99 Negros, Philippines Specimens Smithsonian Inst. split from Otus megalotis by Clements 2012

Otus gurneyii Giant Scops-Owl N U 1 370 Philippines Specimen Univ Kansas formerly Mimizuku gurneyi

Otus lempiji Sunda Scops-Owl B U 10 108 90 140 Konig et al. 1999 split from O. bakkamoena by Konig & Weick 2008

Otus lempiji Sunda Scops-Owl B U 27 94.1 119 Malay Peninsula Wells 1999

Otus lettia Collared Scops-Owl E M 3 108 Marshall 1978 split from O. bakkamoena by Konig & Weick 2008 F 4 142 Otus fuliginosus Palawan Scops-Owl N M 5 90.4 82 102 Palawan, Philippines Specimens Univ. Kansas

Otus silvicola Wallace's Scops-Owl N U 1 212 subadult Konig & Weick 2008

Otus socotranus Socotra Scops-Owl N U 64 85 Konig & Weick 2008 considered sep species by source

Otus pamelae Arabian Scops-Owl N F 2 66.5 62 71 Oman Cramp & Simmons 1985

Otus mantananensis Mantanani Scops-Owl B U 1 106 Konig & Weick 2008 mantananensis Otus collari Sangihe Scops-Owl N M 1 76 Lambert & Rasmussen 1998 original source of data in book

Otus beccarii Biak Scops-Owl N M 1 114 Biak Island, New Guinea Mayr & Meyer de Sch 1939a F 1 140 Otus insularis Seychelles Scops-Owl N M 25 132 8 Y Seychelles Currie et al. 2002 F 8 155 11.5 Otus mayottensis Mayotte Scops-Owl N U 120 estimated Konig & Weick 2008

Megascops choliba Tropical Screech-Owl B M 16 112 20.5 80 169 Brazil Segall et al. 2017 F 19 133 27.6 97 196 Megascops koepckeae koepckeae Koepcke's Screech-Owl B U 6 120 112 127 northwest Peru Fjeldsa et al. 2012

Megascops koepckeae hockingi Koepcke's Screech-Owl B U 3 121 130 south-central Peru Fjeldsa et al. 2012 subspecies described in source

Megascops pacificus Tumbes Screech-Owl E B 17 87.2 Johnson & Jones 1990 Split from M. roboratus by Konig & Weick 08

Megascops barbarus Bearded Screech-Owl B M 5 63 58 69.5 Chiapas, Mexico; GuatemalaEnriquez & Cheng 2008 F 8 71.9 62.5 79 Megascops marshalli Cloud-forest Screech-Owl B M 3 93 81 105 Peru; Bolivia Herzog et al. 2009 Robbins et al. 2013 Megascops watsonii usta Southern Tawny-bellied Screech-OwlN 115 141 Konig & Weick 2008 split by source from M. watsonii

Megascops guatemalae Middle American Screech-Owl B M 3 97.5 87.6 105 Guatemala; Mexico Spec. U.Kansas, UC Berkeley also known Guatemalan Screech-Owl F 5 111 95 139 Spec. Cal AcadSci, Michigan Megascops guatemalae vermiculatusMiddle American Screech-Owl B F 1 125 Darien, Panama Robbins et al. 1985 formerly Vermiculated Screech-Owl, Megascops vermiculatus

Megascops roraimae roraimae Foothill Screech-Owl N F 1 116 Br Venezuela FMNH specimens split again from M. guatemalae, Clements 2018

Megascops roraimae napensis Foothill Screech-Owl N M 3 119 108 129 Peru FMNH specimens formerly Rio Napo Screech--Owl, Megascops napensis F 2 135 119 151 split from M. guatemalae, Clements 2018 Megascops centralis Choco Screech-Owl N U 2 114 107 122 Ecuador Reyes & Astudillo-Sanchez 2017 split from M. guatemalae, Clements 2018

Bubo ascalaphus Pharaoh Eagle-Owl N M 1900 Konig & Weick 2008 F 2300 Bubo vosseleri Usambara Eagle-Owl N M 1 770 Konig & Weick 2008 F 3 926 850 1052 Ketupa blakistoni Blakiston's Fish-Owl N M 3150 3450 Hayashi 2008 F 3360 4600 Strix bartelsi Bartels's Wood-Owl N U 1000 1300 Konig et al. 1999 split by source from S. leptogrammica

Strix newarensis Brown Wood-Owl N M 1 970 Konig et al. 1999 split by source from S. leptogrammica

Strix nivicola Himalayan Wood-Owl N U 375 392 Konig & Weick 2008

Strix hylophila Rusty-barred Owl B M 7 289 28.4 249 320 Brazil Segall et al. 2017 F 10 337 25.6 276 370 Asio abyssinicus African Long-eared Owl N U 245 400 Konig & Weick 2008

Nesasio solomonensis Fearful Owl B U 1 425 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Pseudoscops clamator Striped Owl B M 10 485 45.9 400 553 Brazil Segall et al. 2017 F 10 467 61.9 390 563 Ciccaba virgata squamulata Mottled Owl B M 7 240 220 256 Guatemala Gerhardt et al. 1994 split from S. virgata by Konig & Weick 2008 F 9 336 308 366 but not by Clements 2014 Ciccaba virgata Mottled Owl B M 10 302 30.2 263 350 Brazil Segall et al. 2017 F 6 351 315 370 Pulsatrix koeniswaldiana Tawny-browed Owl N M 10 480 44.3 405 562 Brazil Segall et al. 2017 F 15 532 85.6 331 670 Pulsatrix melanota Band-bellied Owl N M 1 82 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished

Glaucidium griseiceps Central American Pygmy-Owl N M 4 52.6 51 58.8 Whitacre 2012 F 56 Glaucidium minutissimum Least Pygmy-Owl N M 2 45.8 42.5 49 Jalisco, Morelos, Mexico Specimens WFVZ; Royal Ont Mus.

Glaucidium mooreorum Pernambuco Pygmy-Owl B M 1 51 Konig & Weick 2008

Glaucidium sicki Sick's Pygmy-Owl N U 50 estimated Konig & Weick 2008 previously known as Glaucidium mooreorum

Glaucidium brasilianum Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl N M 46 74 Konig & Weick 2008 brasilianum F 62 95 Glaucidium brasilianum Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl N U 1 70 Konig & Weick 2008 phaloenoides Glaucidium brasilianum Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl N M 1 76 Konig & Wink 1995 stranecki F 2 90 87 93 Xenoglaux loweryi Long-whiskered Owlet B B 8 44.2 39.5 51 Peru O'Neill & Graves 1977 Lane & Angulo 2018 Ciccaba nigrolineata Black-and-white Owl B M 3 418 443 468 Whitacre 2012 F 4 487 443 443 Athene cunicularia Burrowing Owl B M 9 173 110 285 Brazil Segall et al. 2017 F 9 186 150 265 Athene brama Spotted Owlet B B 5 112 110 116 India Ali & Ripley 1983, Majumdar 1984, 1984aincreased sample size

Aegolius funereus Boreal Owl B M 48 121 93 146 F Finland/Sweden Hipkiss 2007 F 87 126 100 151 Ninox rudolfi Sumba Boobook N U 1 222 Konig & Weick 2008

Ninox affinis Andaman Hawk-Owl N U 1 146 Andaman Islands Specimens of Zool. Soc. India

Ninox lurida Red Boobook N M 3 215 200 225 Queensland, Australia Higgins et al. 1999 split from Morepork, N. novaeseelandiae F 7 227 184 260 Ninox leucopsis Tasmanian Boobook N M 22 190 33.6 118 250 Tasmania, Australia Higgins et al. 1999 formerly Morepork F 29 214 40.5 125 275 Ninox japonica Northern Boobook N U 1 225 Luzon, Philippines FMNH specimens

Ninox randi Chocolate Boobook N F 3 202 195 207 Luzon, Philippines FMNH specimens

Ninox mindorensis Mindoro Hawk-Owl N M 2 113 108 118 Konig & Weick 2008 split from Ninox philippensis by source F 2 102 100 105 Ninox rumseyi Cebu Boobook N M 5 124 142 Cebu, Philippines Jakosalem et al. 2012 species description in press in Forktail F 4 120 129 Ninox spilocephala Mindanao Boobook N M 1 137 Mindanao, Philippines Specimens Field Museum split from Ninox philippensis by Clements 2013

Ninox spilonotus Romblon Boobook N M 2 178 169 188 Sibuyan, Philippines Specimens Field Museum split from Ninox philippensis by Clements 2013 F 2 158 148 168 Ninox meeki Manus Hawk-Owl N U 1 265 Manus Is., Bismarck Arch. Specimen Los Angeles County Mus

Ninox punctulata Speckled Hawk-Owl N M 1 151 Konig & Weick 2008

Ninox variegata Bismarck Hawk-Owl N M 1 179 New Ireland, Papaua N. GuineaSpecimen Univ. Kansas

Uroglaux dimorpha Papuan Hawk-Owl N M 1 220 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Family Aegothelidae Aegotheles bennettii Barred Owlet-Nightjar N M 1 45 Papua New Guinea Specimens Smithsonian F 1 53 Aegotheles affinis Vogelkop Owlet-Nightjar N M 41.5 53 Cleere 1998 split from Aegotheles bennettii by Clements 2013 F 60

Family Podargidae Rigidipenna inexpectata Solomon Islands Frogmouth N M 1 205 Solomon Islands Cleere et al. 2007 F 1 175

Family Nyctibiidae Nyctibius bracteatus Rufous Potoo B M 1 48 Peru Brooks et al. 2009 Family Caprimulgidae Lurocalis rufiventris Rufous-bellied Nighthawk N B 2 128 124 133 Ecuador Specimens Philly Academy

Nyctipolus hirundinaceus Pygmy Nightjar N M 1 32 Alfano 2014 formerly Caprimulgus hirundinaceus

Chordeiles rupestris Sand-colored Nighthawk N B 3 52.2 46.5 58 Ecuador Specimens Philly Academy

Eurostopodus papuensis Papuan Nightjar N F 3 80.3 80 81 New Guinea Mayr & Meyer de Sch. 1939b original source of data in book

Eurostopodus exul New Caledonian Nightjar N F a 77 New Caledonia Mayr 1941

Macropsalis forcipata Long-trained Nightjar N U 83.5 Brazil Vale et al. 2018

Siphonorhis brewsteri Least Pauraque N M 1 37 Dominican Republic Specimens Univ. Kansas formerly Least Poorwill

Caprimulgus rufus Rufous Nightjar B U 4 85.9 61 99 Panama; Brazil; Surinam Karr et al. 1978, Oniki & Willis 1999, Paulabigger de sampleFaria & Sousa de Paula 2008 Fry 1970, Haverschmidt & Mees 1994 Systellura decussata Tschudi's Nightjar N B 7 31.3 28.5 35 Peru Specimens Univ Cal Berkeley split from Systellura longirostris, Clements 2016

Antrostomus rufus Rufous Nightjar B U 5 88.5 61 99 Panama; Brazil; Surinam Karr et al. 1978, Oniki & Willis 1999, Paulaformerly de Faria Caprimulgus & Sousa derufus Paula 2008 Paraguay Fry 1970, Haverschmidt & Mees 1994 also Foster & Johnson 2017 Antrostomus cubanensis ekmani Greater Antillean Nightjar N M 1 64 Dominican Republic Specimens Univ. Kansas formerly Hispaniolan Nightjar, Caprimulgus ekmani

Caprimulgus sericocaudatus Silky-tailed Nightjar B M 2 69.8 Peru Wilkinson 2009 F 2 75.2 Caprimulgus arizonae Mexican Whip-poor-will N B 4 47.6 45.5 49.4 Durango, Mexico Specimens of Field Museum formerly subspecies of C. vociferus Fleming & Baker 1963 Caprimulgus ruficollis Red-necked Nightjar E B 125 102 B Spain Forero et al. 1995

Caprimulgus rufigena Rufous-cheeked Nightjar B M 20 52.8 45.8 65.3 Hockey et al. 2005 F 17 55.8 46 66 Caprimulgus manillensis Philippine Nightjar B B 6 70.2 58 84.5 Philippines Goodman et al. 1995 Peterson et al. 2008 Caprimulgus pectoralis pectoralis Fiery-necked Nightjar B U 51.2 Jackson 2013

Caprimulgus pectoralis shelleyi Fiery-necked Nightjar B U 49.8 Jackson 2013

Caprimulgus pectoralis fervidus Fiery-necked Nightjar B U 54 Jackson 2013

Caprimulgus pectoralis Fiery-necked Nightjar B U 38.3 Jackson 2013 crepusculans Caprimulgus asiaticus Indian Nightjar B B 11 42.9 India Ali & Ripley 1983, Majumdar 1984, 1984a

Family Apodidae Streptoprocne biscutata Biscutate Swift B B 298 111 6.8 B Brazil Pichorim 2010

Aerodramus francicus francicus Mascarene Swiftlet B U 3 9.2 9 9.3 Mauritius Kirwan et al. 2018

Aerodramus francicus saffordi Mascarene Swiftlet B U 8 9 7.9 11.8 Reunion Kirwan et al. 2018

Aerodramus spodiopygius White-rumped Swiftlet B U 170 9 0.9 B Samoa Tarburton 2009 spodiopygius Aerodramus bartschi Mariana Swiftlet B U 28 8 0.8 5.4 10.4 Saipan Reichel et al. 2007

Aerodramus ocistus Marquesan Swiftlet N U 3 9.2 9 9.5 Marquesis Islands Holyoak & Thibault 1984

Collocalia esculenta Glossy Swiftlet B B 5 8.3 7.5 9 New Guinea Diamond & LeCroy 1979 data from Rand & Rabor excluded after split

Collocalia marginata Gray-rumped Swiftlet E U 5 7.1 6.3 8.3 Philippines Specimens FMNH split from Collocalia esculenta, Clements 2017

Collocalia natalis Christmas Island Swiftlet B B 9 4.9 4 5.5 Christmas Island Higgins et al. 1999 split from Collocalia esculenta, Clements 2017

Collocalia uropygialis Satin Swiftlet B B 7 5.4 4.8 6 Vanuatu Kratter et al. 2006 split from Collocalia esculenta, Clements 2017

Collocalia affinis cyanoptera Plume-toed Swiftlet N B 15 7 0.8 6 8.3 Malaysia Specimens Kansas Univ, WFVZ split from Collocalia esculenta, Clements 2017

Collocalia isonota bagobo Ridgetop Swiftlet N B 3 7.6 7.2 8.1 Philippines Rand & Rabor 1960 split from Collocalia esculenta, Clements 2017

Schoutedenapus myoptilus Scarce Swift B B 3 29.2 28 30 Hockey et al. 2005

Chaetura meridionalis Sick's Swift B U 9 22.2 Marin 1997; Fry 1970 split from C. andrei by Clements 2009

Chaetura viridipennis Amazonian Swift B U 1 23 Marin 1997 formerly subspecies of Chaetura chapmani

Cypsiurus gracilis Madagascar Palm-Swift N F 1 12 Madagascar Benson et al. 1976 species split from C. parvus by Mills et al. 2019

Micropanyptila furcata Pygmy Palm-Swift N B 7 6.7 6.4 7.1 Venezuela Collins et al. 2010

Tachornis squamata Fork-tailed Palm-Swift B U 47 10.4 9 4-Dec Venezuela Collins & Thomas 2011

Panyptila cayennensis Lesser Swallow-tailed Swift B U 5 20.9 15.8 23 Venezuela Collins & Thomas 2011

Apus unicolor Plain Swift B B 208 22.5 3.1 18.4 30 Tenerife Garcia-del-Rey et al. 2008

Family Trochildidae Threnetes niger Sooty Barbthroat N B 8 5.8 5.5 6.1 Peru; Ecuador; Suriname Specimens Yale, Alaska - Museum split form Threnetes leucurus, Clements 2008

Phaethornis mexicanus Mexican Hermit N F 1 4.5 Jalisco, Mexico Specimen Univ. British Columbia split from Phaethornis longirostris, AOU 2015

Anopetia gounellei Broad-tipped Hermit N M 2 3 3 3 Piaui, Brazil Specimens of Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi

Colibri cyanotis Lesser Violetear N M 9 5.1 4.9 5.5 Peru; Bolivia Specimens Field Museum Nat Hist split from Colibri thalassinus by AOU 2016 F 6 4.2 4 4.5 Colibri cyanotis Lesser Violetear N B 48 4.4 1.5 4 6 Costa Rica Sealy & Neudorf 2017

Lepidopyga lilliae Sapphire-bellied Hummingbird N M 4.3 Luther 2011 formerly in genus Popelairia Stephanoxis loddigesii Violet-crowned Plovercrest B M 11 3.4 0.5 2.6 4.5 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017 split from Stephanoxis lalandii by Clements 2015 F 11 2.8 0.3 2.5 3.2 Campylopterus largipennis Gray-breasted Sabrewing B M 24 8.5 1.1 6.5 10.5 Lopes, L.E., et al. 2017 largipennis F 18 7.2 0.6 6 8 Campylopterus largipennis Gray-breasted Sabrewing B M 56 8.3 0.8 6 10 Brazil Lopes, L.E., et al. 2017 authors split from Campylopterus largipennis obscurus F 39 7 0.6 5.5 8 Campylopterus largipennis Gray-breasted Sabrewing B M 16 9.1 0.4 8.4 10.2 Brazil Lopes, L.E., et al. 2017 authors split from Campylopterus largipennis diamantinensis F 6 7.7 7 8.6 Campylopterus calcirupicola Dry-forest Sabrewing N M 8 7 5.6 7.8 Brazil Lopes, L.E., et al. 2017 split from Campylopterus largipennis, Clements 2018 F 10 5.9 0.3 5.5 6.5 Chlorostilbon gibsoni Red-billed Emerald N U 8 2.8 Colwell 2000, Brown & Bowers 1985 split from C. mellisugus by Clements 2008

Chlorostilbon melanorhynchus Western Emerald N B 10 2.6 0.2 Columbia Stiles 1996 split from C. mellisugus by Clements 2008 pumilus Chlorostilbon poortmani Short-tailed Emerald N U 4 3.3 3 3.6 Columbia Donegan, unpubl.

Stephanoxis lalandi Green-crowned Plovercrest N U 4 Brazil Vale et al. 2018

Stephanoxis loddigesii Violet-crowned Plovercrest B M 11 3.4 0.5 2.6 4.5 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017 split from Stephanoxis lalandii by Clements 2015 F 11 2.8 0.3 2.5 3.2 Amazilia amazilia azuay Amazilia Hummingbird B M 1 7.4 Ecuador Krabbe & Ridgely 2010 new subsp described in this source

Eugenes spectabilis Talamanca Hummingbird B M 26 9.4 2 8.3 10.8 Costa Rica Sealy & Neudorf 2017 split from Eugenes fulgens, AOU 2017 F 32 8.4 0.5 7.5 9.5 Panterpe insignis Fiery-throated Hummingbird B B 37 5.4 1.2 4.6 8.1 Costa Rica Sealy & Neudorf 2017

Lampornis sybillae Green-breasted Mountain-gem N M 51 6 0.4 5.3 7.3 B Honduras Newell et al. 2007 F 58 4.9 0.3 4.3 6 Lampornis castaneoventris Gray-tailed Mountain-gem N M 1 6 Costa Rica Specimens Museum Vert Zoology lumped by Clements 2008 cinereicauda Lampornis calolaemus Purple-throated Mountain-gem N M 9 6.7 5.9 7.1 Costa Rica Sealy & Neudorf 2017 F 33 4.9 0.8 4.5 5.6 Lophornis brachylophus Short-crested Coquette N U 2.7 Arizmendi et al. 2010

Adelomyia melanogenys Speckled Hummingbird B U 80 4 0.4 3.3 4.8 East Andes, Columbia Donegan & Avendano 2015 melanogenys/connectens Adelomyia melanogenys cervina Speckled Hummingbird B U 4 5.4 4.7 6.1 West Andes, Columbia Donegan & Avendano 2015

Adelomyia melanogenys Speckled Hummingbird B U 47 4.1 0.5 3 5.1 depto Santander, ColumbiaDonegan & Avendano 2015

Urochroa leucura White-tailed Hillstar N M 1 9.2 Ecuador Specimens Univ Alaska F 1 7.2 Heliodoxa jacula Green-crowned Brilliant B B 34 7 0.6 5.9 8.4 Columbia Donegan & Davalos 2012

Eugenes fulgens Rivoli's Hummingbird E M 119 7.7 0.4 Oaxaca, Mexico Johnsgard 1983c also known as Magnificent Hummingbird F 24 6.4 0.5 Eugenes spectabilis Talamanca Hummingbird B M 10 9.9 0.3 9.4 10.4 Costa Rica Powers 1996 split from Eugenes fulgens, AOU 2017 F 12 8.4 0.3 7.9 9 Oreotrochilus chimborazo Ecuadorian Hillstar B M 5 8.8 8.2 10.4 Ecuador Ortiz & Bonaccorso, unpubl.data formerly Chimborazo Hillstar chimborazo F 3 7.7 7 8.5 Oreotrochilus chimborazo Ecuadorian Hillstar B M 8 8.7 8.2 9.6 Ecuador Ortiz & Bonaccorso, unpubl.data jamesoni F 6 7.4 7 8 Oreotrochilus estella stolzmanni Andean Hillstar N M 2 8.6 8.4 8.7 Ecuador Ortiz & Bonaccorso, unpubl. data lumped by Clements 2008 F 3 7.4 7 7.7 Oreotrochilus cyanolaemus Blue-throated Hillstar N M 4 7.7 7 8.2 Ecuador Sornoza-Molina, F. et al. 2018 new species described in source 3 7.2 6.7 7.8 Ortiz & Bonaccorso, unpubl. data Oreotrochilus leucopleurus White-sided Hillstar N B 8 5.9 4.8 7 Argentina; Chile Specimens Univ. Kansas Ortiz & Bonaccorso, unpubl. data Eriocnemis nigrivestis Black-breasted Puffleg N U 4.3 4.6 Jahn 2008

Eriocnemis isabellae Gorgeted Puffleg N M 4 4.1 3.9 4.5 Columbia Cortes-Diago et al. 2007

Eriocnemis derbyi Black-thighed Puffleg N B 12 5.5 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished

Eriocnemis luciani sapphiropygia Sapphire-vented Puffleg N B 2 7 7 7.1 Peru Specimen Museum Vert Zool lumped by Clements 2008

Aglaeactis aliciae Purple-backed Sunbeam N M 1 7.7 Peru Specimens Museum SW Biology F 1 6.3 Chalcostigma stanleyi Blue-mantled Thornbill B B 8 5.2 4.2 6.2 Peru; Ecuador Specimens West Found Vert Zool, Specimens Museum SW Biology Chalcostigma heteropogon Bronze-tailed Thornbill N B 18 5.2 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished

Opisthoprora euryptera Mountain Avocetbill N M 2 7.5 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished F 4 5.5 Chalcostigma olivaceum Olivaceous Thornbill N M 1 8.2 LSU specimens in Schulenberg & Sedgwick 2013 F 1 6.6 Schistes albogularis White-throated Wedgebill N M 2 4 3.9 4.2 Columbia Specimens U Cal Berkeley split from Schistes geoffroyi, Clements 2018

Augastes scutatus Hyacinth Visorbearer B M 42 3.5 0.2 3 4 Brazil Rodrigues & Rodrigues 2011 F 28 2.3 0.2 2.7 3.8 Rhodopis vesper Oasis Hummingbird B M 14 4.6 0.2 Chile Clark et al. 2013 F 10 5 0.3 Thaumastura cora Peruvian Sheartail B M 12 2.5 0.2 2.3 2.8 Chile Clark et al. 2013 F 6 2.6 Chaetocercus heliodor Gorgeted Woodstar N M 2 2 1.8 2.1 Ecuador Specimens Yale, WFVZ

Chaetocercus berlepschi Esmeraldas Woodstar N F 3 2 1.9 2.1 B Ecuador Harris et al. 2009

Myrmia micrura Short-tailed Woodstar N B 18 2.1 0.1 1.8 2.4 Peru; Ecuador Specimens Museum SW Biol Specimens WFVZ, Yale Peabody Thalurania columbica fannyi Green-crowned Woodnymph N M 1 5 Columbia Specimen Museum Vert Zoology lumped by Clements 2013

Eupherusa poliocerca White-tailed Hummingbird N M 3 4.7 4.6 4.9 Oaxaca, Mexico Specimens Calif Acad Science F 3 3.9 3.9 4.1 Specimens WFVZ, Univ Kansas Calliphlox evelynae evelynae Bahama Woodstar B M 13 2.7 0.2 2.4 3 Bahamas Feo et al. 2015 F 3 3.1 2.9 3 Calliphlox lyrura Inagua Woodstar B M 4 mean 2.5 2.3 2.5 Bahamas Feo et al. 2015 split from Calliphlox evelynae, AOU 2015 F 5 2.5 2.2 2.7 Eulidia yarrellii Chilean Woodstar N B 52 2.3 0.2 2 2.8 Chile Clark et al. 2013

Family Coliidae Colius striatus Speckled Mousebird B U 298 52.2 51 57.1 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Colius colius White-backed Mousebird B U 106 39.6 28 59 Hockey et al. 2005

Urocolius indicus Red-faced Mousebird B U 365 56.2 32.5 78.9 Hockey et al. 2005

Family Trogonidae Pharomachrus mocinno mocinno Resplendent Quetzal N M 14 217 4.8 184 236 Mexico; Guatemala; SalvadorSolorzano & Oyama 2010 F 13 204 3.6 137 227 Nicaragua Trogon chionurus White-tailed Trogon N B 3 91.8 87.1 94.5 Ecuador Specimens FMNH split from T. viridis

Trogon ramonianus Amazonian Trogon N M 3 43.4 40 46 Peru; Rondonia, Brazil FMNH specimens split from Trogon violaceus

Trogon surrucura Surucua Trogon B B 8 70.1 64.5 78 Brazil; Paraguay Belton 1984, Foster & Johnson 2017

Trogon mesurus Ecuadorian Trogon N M 1 111 Ecuador Specimens FMNH split from T. melanurus

Trogon caligatus Gartered Trogon B U 42 Hilty 2003 split from T. violaceus

Harpactes erythrocephalus Red-headed Trogon B U 8 83.5 75 96 Wells 1999, McClure 1964 Specimens Univ. Kansas Harpactes oreskios Orange-breasted Trogon N M 1 57.3 56 65 Wells 1999; range from Steward et al. 2013mean and range from diff sources

Harpactes whiteheadi Whitehead's Trogon N B 8 74.8 65 81 Sabah, Malaysia new source

Family Alcedinidae Alcedo hercules Blyth's Kingfisher N F 1 62.5 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Alcedo atthis Common Kingfisher B U 44 29.3 3.6 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Ceyx cyanopectus Indigo-banded Kingfisher N U 2 19 16.5 21.5 Philippines Goodman & Gonzales 1990 formerly Alcedo cyanopectus Gomez et al. 2009 Ceyx flumenicolus Northern Silvery Kingfisher E M 12 16.5 13.5 18.2 Philippines Rand & Rabor 1960 split from Ceyx (Alcedo) argentata F 14 19.3 17.2 22.4 Ceyx argentata Southern Silvery Kingfisher N M 4 21.8 19.2 23.9 Mindanao, Philippines FMNH specimens formerly Alcedo argentata F 2 23.8 23.7 23.9 Ceyx rufidorsa Rufous-backed Kingfisher B U 14 17.9 Malaysia Medway 1972, Wong 1986, Yap unpubl.

Ceyx solitarius Papuan Dwarf-Kingfisher B B 42 14.1 2 10 20 New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas split from Ceyx lepidus by Clements 2015

Ceyx margarethae Dimorphic Dwarf-Kingfisher N M 9 15.5 27 Philippines Specimens Kansas University F 5 16 23 Ceyx dispar Manus Dwarf-Kingfisher N M 1 20 Manus Island Specimen Kansas University

Ceyx mulcatus New Ireland Dwarf-Kingfisher N M 2 17 15.5 18.6 New Ireland Specimens Kansas University F 1 20.3 Ceyx sacerdotis New Britain Dwarf-Kingfisher N M 5 24.4 18 20.5 New Britain Specimens Kansas University F 1 21.8 Ceyx pallidus Bougainville Dwarf-Kingfisher N F 1 13 Bougainville Island Specimen Kansas University

Ceyx collectoris New Georgia Dwarf-Kingfisher N M 2 21.6 19.8 23.5 Rendova Specimen Kansas University F 1 21.8 Ceyx meeki North Solomons Dwarf-KingfisherN M 3 17.4 16 18.1 Solomon Islands Specimen Kansas University F 3 17.8 16.5 20 Ceyx malaitae Malaita Dwarf-Kingfisher N M 1 17 Malaita Island Specimens Kansas University F 3 20.1 19 20.7 Ceyx nigromaxilla Guadalcanal Dwarf-Kingfisher B B 5 19.4 19 20.5 Guadalcanal Galbraith & Galbraith 1962 split from Ceyx lepidus by Clements 2015

Ceyx gentianus Makira Dwarf-Kingfisher B M 3 26.8 24.5 28 Solomon Islands Galbraith & Galbraith 1962 split from Ceyx lepidus by Clements 2015 F 4 28.4 27 29.5 Ceyx melanurus Philippine Kingfisher B U 9 16.4 1.3 Philippines Gomez et al. 2009

Lacedo pulchella Banded Kingfisher B M 6 40.8 48.5 Wells 1999, Yap unpubl. F 9 46.5 55 Clytoceyx rex Shovel-billed Kookaburra B B 5 264 238 295 New Guinea Gilliard & LeCroy 1961 Specimens of Univ. Kansas Halcyon gularis Brown-breasted Kingfisher E B 17 91.4 80.5 108 Philippines Rand & Rabor 1960 split from H. symrnensis by Clements 2012

Halcyon smyrnensis White-throated Kingfisher N B 3 72 79 India; Thailand Specimens FMNH, Smithsonian

Halcyon albiventris Brown-hooded Kingfisher B U 24 60.1 40 70 Hockey et al. 2005

Todiramphus sacer solomonis Pacific Kingfisher B M 17 57.4 47.5 61 Solomon Islands Galbraith & Galbraith 1962 split from Todiramphus chloris by Clements 2015 F 7 65 61 71.5 Todiramphus sacer santoensis Pacific Kingfisher B M 1 56.5 Kratter et al. 2006 F Todiramphus sacer manuae Pacific Kingfisher B M 57 55.4 6.3 34.1 64.8 American Samoa Inst. Bird Pop Samoa TMAPS unpubl. F 40 58.7 6.9 39.7 67.6 Todiramphus sacer pealei Pacific Kingfisher B M 55 51.4 5.8 39.4 65.4 American Samoa Inst. Bird Pop Samoa TMAPS unpubl. F 45 55.1 5.7 44.8 71 Todiramphus sordidus Torresian Kingfisher B U 18 80.5 8 60 98 Higgins et al. 1999 split from Todiramphus chloris by Clements 2015

Todiramphus albicilla Mariana Kingfisher B M 16 79.3 5.4 66.4 86.1 Saipan, Mariana Islands Radley et al. 2011 split from Todiramphus chloris by Clements 2015 F 19 84.4 5.6 75.4 94.8 Todiramphus tristrami Melanesian Kingfisher N M 2 39.2 38.7 39.6 Solomon Islands Specimens MSW Biol, New Mex split from Todiramphus chloris by Clements 2015 F 4 42.6 38.1 46.8 Todiramphus cinnamominus Guam Kingfisher E B 17 58.4 6.2 50.7 71.5 captive Philadelphia Zool. Gardens, unpubl. formerly known as Micronesian Kingfisher

Todiramphus reichenbachii Pohnpei Kingfisher B M 27 61.8 4.7 Pohnpei, Micronesia Kesler et al. 2006 split from Todiramphus cinnamominus by Clement 2015 F 27 66.7 6.8 Todiramphus colonus Colonist Kingfisher N B 2 45.2 44.5 46 Louisiade Archipeligo Specimens California Acad Sci split from Todiramphus chloris by Clements 2015 one specimen with fat Todiramphus australasia Cinnamon-banded Kingfisher N U 5 37.4 35 42 Wetar, Indonesia Trainor et al. 2009

Todiramphus recurvirostris Flat-billed Kingfisher N B 11 32.6 2.5 29 38 Samoa Specimens Univ. Kansas

Todiramphus veneratus youngi Tahiti Kingfisher B U 7 46.3 47 54 Moorea, French Polynesia Kesler & Ghestemme, unpubl. Data Holyoak & Thibault 1984 Todiramphus veneratus veneratusTahiti Kingfisher B U 8 45.6 41 48 Tahiti Kesler & Ghestemme, unpubl. Data Holyoak & Thibault 1984 Todiramphus godeffroyi Marquesas Kingfisher N M 1 40 Marquesis Islands Holyoak & Thibault 1984 F 3 47.7 45 50 Todiramphus gambieri Tuamotu Kingfisher N U 64 39.4 3 33 45 Niau Kesler & Ghestemme, unpubl. Data

Melidora macrorrhina Hook-billed Kingfisher B B 7 102 New Guinea Bell 1982, specimens Univ. Kansas

Actenoides princeps Scaly Kingfisher N F 1 105 Sulawesi, Indonesia Riley & Mole 2001

Tanysiptera hydrocharis Little Paradise-Kingfisher N U 3 32.7 30 36 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas Australia Clarke et al. 2010 Tanysiptera galatea Common Paradise-Kingfisher B B 22 51.9 4.5 42.7 61.5 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Tanysiptera riedelii Biak Paradise-Kingfisher N M 62.5 69.5 Biak Island, New Guinea Mayr & Meyer de Sch 1939a F 54.5 72 Megaceryle maxima Giant Kingfisher B M 48 350 24 Hockey et al. 2005 F 58 377 28 Megaceryle alcyon Belted Kingfisher E U 29 148 20.8 125 215 Pennsylvania, USA Dunning 1984

Megaceryle torquata Ringed Kingfisher E B 15 317 Panama, Argentina Burton 1973, Contreras 1979, Hartman 1961

Family Momotidae Momotus coeruliceps Blue-capped Motmot N M 2 118 115 120 Tamaulipas, Mexico Specimens FMNH split from Momotus momota by AOU 2016

Momotus lessonii Lesson's Motmot N U 32 115 11.4 Stiles 2009 split from Momotus momota by AOU 2016

Momotus aequatorialis Highland Motmot B U 23 163 14.5 Stiles 2009 split from Momotus momota by AOU 2016

Momotus subrufescens Whooping Motmot N U 27 96 12.6 Stiles 2009 split from Momotus momota by AOU 2016 subrufescens Momotus subrufescens Whooping Motmot N U 12 98.1 11.6 Stiles 2009 split from Momotus momota by AOU 2016 reconditus Momotus bahamensis Bahama Motmot N U 15 111 13.1 Stiles 2009 split from Momotus momota by AOU 2016

Momota momota momota Amazonian Motmot B U 13 145 13.9 Stiles 2009 split from Momotus momota by AOU 2016

Momota momota microstephanusAmazonian Motmot B U 21 121 14 Stiles 2009 split from Momotus momota by AOU 2016

Momotus aequatorialis Andean Motmot B U 23 163 14.5 Stiles 2009 split by Clements 2011 Baryphthengus ruficapillus Rufous-capped Motmot B M 3 135 132 137 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017 F 4 128 121 136 Eumomota superciliosa Turquoise-browed Motmot N M 147 67.6 B Yucatan, Mexico Murphy 2008 F 104 66

Family Meropidae Merops bullocki Red-throated Bee-eater B U 205 23.9 22.8 24.4 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Merops pusillus Little Bee-eater B U 270 14.6 10.5 18.1 Hockey et al. 2005

Merops albicollis White-throated Bee-eater B U 107 24.1 20.6 31.7 Y Ivory Coast, Nigeria, EthiopiaHockey et al. 2005

Merops orientalis Green Bee-eater B B 12 14.5 14 16 India Majumdar 1984, 1984a increased sample size

Merops americanus Rufous-crowned Bee-eater N B 19 37.4 4 27.1 45.5 Philippines Specimens FMNH split from Merops viridis by Clements 2012

Family Phoeniculidae Phoeniculus purpureus Green Woodhoopoe B M 99 83 4.5 70 96.6 Hockey et al. 2005 F 99 70.9 4.7 57.4 88.5

Family Upupidae Upupa epops africana Eurasian Hoopoe B M 10 51.3 38 59 Hockey et al. 2005 F 11 54.8 49 64

Family Bucerotidae Tockus monteiri Monteiro's Hornbill B M 27 368 245 421 Hockey et al. 2005 F 229 338 270 429 Tockus erythrorhynchus Northern Red-billed Hornbill N M 4 177 172 186 Kemp 1995 F 7 131 120 140 Tockus kempi Western Red-billed Hornbill N M 43 182 11 Br Senegal Diop 2006 split by Clements 2011 F 31 148 10 Tockus ruahae Tanzanian Red-billed Hornbill N U 200 del Hoyo et al. 2013 split by Clements 2011

Tockus rufirostris Southern Red-billed Hornbill B M 75 150 124 172 Kemp 1995 Split by Clements 2011 F 75 128 90 151 Tockus damarensis Damara Hornbill N M 2 210 200 220 Hockey et al. 2005 F 13 198 185 226 Tockus jacksoni Jackson's Hornbill N M 2 192 185 200 Kenya Carnegie Mus NH; LA County Museum F 3 141 125 157 Anthracoceros marchei Palawan Hornbill N M 713 Kinnard & O'Brien 2007 F 601 Anthracoceros montani Sulu Hornbill N M 741 Kinnard & O'Brien 2007 F 601 Anorrhinus austeni Brown Hornbill N M 933 Kinnard & O'Brien 2007

Penelopides samarensis Samar Hornbill N M 1 510 Bohol, Philippines Carnegie Museum Nat. Hist. F 1 440 Aceros waldeni Writhe-billed Hornbill N M 1146 Kinnard & O'Brien 2007 F 748 Aceros everetti Sumba Hornbill N M 1090 Kinnard & O'Brien 2007 F 861

Family Galbulidae Galbalcyrhynchus leucotis White-eared Jacamar B B 4 43.8 42.5 45.5 Columbia; Ecuador; Peru Specimens Royal Ont Museum

Brachygalba goeringi Pale-headed Jacamar N U 1 18 Venezuela Rodriguez unpublished data

Galbula ruficauda Rufous-tailed Jacamar B U 16 23.3 1.5 20.5 26 Brazil Magalhaes et al. 2007

Family Bucconidae Notharchus macrorhynchos Guianan Puffbird N B 4 98 103 Guyana Specimens PANS

Notharchus hyperrhynchus White-necked Puffbird E B 17 95.9 Panama Hartman 1961 formerly in book under N. macrorhynchos

Notharchus swainsoni Buff-bellied Puffbird N U 3 74.4 72 75.6 Brazil Alvarenga et al. 2002

Bucco noanamae Sooty-capped Puffbird N B 12 42.8 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished

Nystalus obamai Western Puffbird N M 1 43 Rondonia, Brazil Whitney et al. 2013d

Nystalus chacuru White-eared Puffbird B B 8 53.4 Brazil; Paraguay Cavalcanti & Marini 1993, Fry 1970 also Foster & Johnson 2017 Oniki & Willis 1999, Belton 1984 Malacoptila striata Crescent-chested Puffbird B U 8 43.3 39 46.5 Brazil Oniki 1981, Paula de Faria & Sousa de biggerPaula 2008sample

Nonnula brunnea Brown Nunlet N B 2 25 20 30 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished

Nonnula amaurocephala Chestnut-headed Nunlet N F 2 15.5 15 16 Brazil Whittaker et al. 1996

Family Megalaimidae Megalaima oorti Black-browed Barbet N F 3 73 71.1 77.4 Malaysia Medway 1972 common names not given in paper below

Megalaima nuchalis Taiwan Barbet N U 62 85.1 10.4 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005 split by Feinstein et al. 2008

Family Lybiidae Pogoniulus chrysoconus Yellow-fronted Tinkerbird B U 239 10.9 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Buccanodon duchaillui Eastern Yellow-spotted Barbet N B 3 40 42 Angola Dean 2000 formerly known as Yellow-spotted Barbet

Buccanodon dowsetti Western Yellow-spotted Barbet B B 21 41.8 30 50 Liberia Short & Horne 2001 split from Buccanodon duchaillui by Boersman & Collar 2019

Lybius vieilloti Vieillot's Barbet B U 62 36.6 32.1 37.7 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Lybius torquatus Black-collared Barbet B U 80 53.3 45.2 63.4 Hockey et al. 2005

Trachyphonus vaillantii Crested Barbet B U 92 73.6 58 84 Hockey et al. 2005

Family Capitonidae Capito wallacei fitzpatricki Sira Barbet N U 70 79 del Hoyo et al. 2013 lumped by Clements 2013, split by del Hoyo 2013

Capito auratus auratus Black-spotted Barbet B B 16 62.8 55 74 Short & Horne 2001 formerly in book under C. niger

Capito auratus auratus Gilded Barbet N B 16 62.8 55 74 Short & Horne 2001

Capito auratus punctatus Gilded Barbet B B 26 60.6 47.5 70.5 Short & Horne 2001

Capito auratus insperatus Gilded Barbet B B 6 65.6 60 69.5 Peru FMNH specimens

Family Semnornithidae Semnornis ramphastinus Toucan Barbet B B 17 97.7 86 111 Short & Horne 2001

Semnornis frantzii Prong-billed Barbet B M 8 57.5 49.9 64.5 Costa Rica Sealy & Neudorf 2017 F 9 55.5 50.9 57.7

Family Rhamphastidae Aulacorhynchus prasinus prasinus Emerald Toucanet B B 20 187 160 239 Short & Horne 2001 species split 7 ways by Puebla-Olivares et al 2008

Aulacorhynchus wagleri Emerald Toucanet B B 22 183 158 202 Short & Horne 2001

Aulacorhynchus caeruleogularis Blue-throated Toucanet B B 7 145 118 173 Short & Horne 2001

Aulacorhynchus cognatus Goldman's Blue-throated ToucanetN M 3 160 184 Short & Horne 2001 added from source after split F 1 155 Aulacorhynchus albivitta White-throated Toucanet N M 5 195 160 230 Short & Horne 2001 added from source after split F 8 183 170 205 Aulacorhynchus atrogularis Black-throated Toucanet N M 9 163 124 188 Short & Horne 2001 added from source after split F 8 148 124 200 Aulacorhynchus whitelianus Tepui Toucanet N M 4 133 117 150 Venezuela; Guyana Specimens FMNH, Smithsonian split from A. derbianus by Clements 2013 F 1 150

Family Indicatoridae Indicator indicator Greater Honeyguide B U 111 45.7 40.7 48.4 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Family Picidae Jynx ruficollis Rufous-necked Wryneck B M 7 54 49 59 Hockey et al. 2005 F 5 50 46 52 Picumnus innominatus Speckled Piculet B M 6 11 10.2 12.4 China Specimens Univ. Kansas F 3 12.7 11.1 13.9 Picumnus varzeae Varzea Piculet N U 2 11.5 11 12 Brazil Specimens Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi

Picumnus temminckii Ochre-collared Piculet B M 14 10.4 1 8.2 11.7 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017 F 8 10.8 0.9 9.9 12.6 Sasia ochracea White-browed Piculet B M 4 8.8 8.7 9 China Specimens Univ. Kansas F 10 9.2 0.6 8.5 10.3 Melanerpes pulcher Beautiful Woodpecker N M 1 50 Columbia Specimen Mus Vert Zool

Campethera abingoni Golden-tailed Woodpecker B B 26 70 61 75 Hockey et al. 2005

Campethera cailliautii Green-backed Woodpecker B B 15 42.5 35 47 Hockey et al. 2005

Geocolaptes olivaceus Ground Woodpecker B M 7 119 109 134 Hockey et al. 2005 F 2 115 105 125 Dendropicos namaquus Bearded Woodpecker B M 8 87 78 95 Hockey et al. 2005 F 5 78 67 87 Picoides villosus Hairy Woodpecker B M 1 48.6 Costa Rica Sealy & Neudorf 2017 F 3 40.6 39.1 42.9 Veniliornis spilogaster White-spotted Woodpecker B M 6 40.5 38 42 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017 F 8 38.1 36 40.3 Piculus callopterus Stripe-cheeked Woodpecker N B 2 51 50 52 Panama Robbins et al. 1985 listed in source as Piculus leucolaemus

Dryobates maculifrons Yellow-eared Woodpecker N U 29 Brazil Vale et al. 2018 formerly Veniliornis maculifrons

Colaptes campestris Campo Flicker B M 5 171 160 177 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017 F 5 161 156 170 Celeus obrieni Kaempfer's Woodpecker N M 1 95 Brazil, male subadult Santos & de Vasconcelos 2007 F 1 102 Pinheiro & Dornas 2008 Campephilus robustus Robust Woodpecker B M 2 273 267 279 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017

Campephilus magellanicus Magellanic Woodpecker B U 4 162 Tierra del Fuego Schlatter & Vergara 2005

Campephilus imperialis Imperial Woodpecker N U 700 estimated Lammertink et al. 2011

Dinopium rafflesii Olive-backed Woodpecker B U 3 99.7 96 105 Wells 1999, 2007, Wong 1986

Dinopium everetti Spot-throated Flameback N B 5 93.8 90.4 97.1 Palawan, Philippines Specimens Field Museum split from Dinopium javanense

Dinopium benghalense psarodes Black-rumped Flameback B U 1 97 Sri Lanka Freed et al. 2015 author splits from Dinopium benghalense

Chrysocolaptes lucidus Buff-spotted Flameback B B 23 140 13.9 94.8 164 Philippines Specimens FMNH, Smithsonian rufopunctatus Chrysocolaptes lucidus Buff-spotted Flameback B M 14 131 16.2 109 159 Mindanao, Philippines Specimens Smithsonian lucidus F 6 123 112 150 Chrysocolaptes guttacristatus Greater Flameback N B 5 166 125 200 India; Bhutan Specimens Smithsonian split from C. lucidus by Clements 2012

Chrysocolaptes haematribon Luzon Flameback N M 25 130 9.8 110 153 Luzon, Philippines Specimens FMNH split from C. lucidus by Clements 2012 F 20 127 8.1 110 145 Chrysocolaptes erythrocephalus Red-headed Flameback N M 2 124 115 133 Specimens FMNH, Smithsonian split from C. lucidus by Clements 2012

Chrysocolaptes stricklandi Crimson-backed Flameback N F 1 138 Sri Lanka Ali & Ripley 1970 split from Chrysocolaptes lucidus Blythipicus pyrrhotis Bay Woodpecker B B 9 131 111 170 Ali & Ripley 1983, McClure 1964 Specimens Univ. Kansas Mulleripicus funebris Northern Sooty-Woodpecker B B 25 155 11.1 136 186 Luzon, Philippines Specimens FMNH

Mulleripicus fuliginosus Southern Sooty-Woodpecker N M 2 172 164 180 Mindanao, Philippines Specimens FMNH split from M. funebris by Clements 2012 F 4 158 143 169 Mulleripicus pulverulentus Great Slaty Woodpecker B M 2 413 410 416 Short 1982 F 1 366

Family Eurylaimidae Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos Black-and-red Broadbill B B 6 56.7 50.3 65 Thai-Malay Peninsula Medway 1972, Wells 2007

Calyptomena viridis Green Broadbill B M 20 50.6 63.2 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007 F 52 52.2 72.8

Family Furnariidae Upucerthia validirostris Buff-breasted Earthcreeper B U 2 47.4 45 49.9 Argentina Areta and Pearman 2013

Cinclodes pabsti Long-tailed Cinclodes B M 1 40 Brazil; mass approximate Silva de Freitas et al. 2008

Cinclodes espinhacensis Cipo Cinclodes N U 17 48 1.5 Brazil Freitas et al. 2019

Cinclodes albiventris Cream-winged Cinclodes N M 4 31 28.6 34.1 Peru; Argentina Specimens Univ. Kansas split from C. fuscus by Clements 2013

Furnarius leucopus tricolor Pale-legged Hornero B U 42 Barrio et al. 2015

Furnarius torridus Pale-billed Hornero N F 1 48.8 PB Columbia Remsen 2008 formerly Bay Hornero

Aphrastura spinicauda Thorn-tailed Rayadito B M 26 11.3 0.5 Chile Moreno et al. 2007 F 29 10.3 0.5 Poecilurus kollari Hoary-throated Spinetail N U 2 14.6 14.3 14.8 Guyana Specimens UMNH

Synallaxis spixi Spix's Spinetail B B 10 12.7 11.7 15 Brazil; Paraguay Belton 1984, Paula de Faria & Sousa debetter Paula sample, 2008 formerly Chicli Spinetail Foster & Johnson 2017 Synallaxis beverlyae Orinoco Spinetail N 11.5 14 del Hoyo et al. 2013

Synallaxis cinerascens Gray-bellied Spinetail B B 11 13.8 1.7 12 16 Brazil Bugoni et al. 2002

Synallaxis cinerascens Gray-bellied Spinetail B B 25 11.7 10 14 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017

Certhiaxis cinnamomea Yellow-chinned Spinetail B U 9 16.4 15 19 Brazil Bugoni et al. 2002

Synallaxis stictothorax chinchipensisChinchipe Spinetail N B 18 12.4 0.9 11.4 14.8 Peru Specimens U. Cal Berkeley

Oreophylax moreirae Itatiaia Spinetail N U 1 15 Brazil Paula de Faria & Sousa de Paula 2008 formerly Itatiaia Thistletail

Asthenes dorbignyi arequipae Dark-winged Canastero N B 2 23 22 24 Peru Specimens Univ. Michigan Asthenes luizae Cipo Canastero N M 1 30.5 Brazil Vasconcelos et al. 2008 F 4 28.2 25 31.5 Asthenes hudsoni Hudson's Canastero N M 4 31 29 31 Argentina Specimens Univ. Michigan F 3 23.3 22 26 Asthenes moreirae Itatiaia Thistletail N U 1 15 Brazil Paula de Faria & Sousa de Paula 2008 formerly Oreophylax moreirae

Asthenes ayachuchensis Ayacucho Thistletail N M 2 19.8 19.7 19.9 Peru Specimens Univ. Kansas

Thripophaga macroura Striated Softtail N U 26.6 Brazil Vale et al. 2018

Thripophaga amacurensis Delta Amacuro Softtail N B 5 27.7 26 30 Venezuela Hilty et al. 2013

Thripophaga cherriei Orinoco Softtail N U 3 12.8 Venezuela Hilty et al. 2013

Phacellodomus ferrugineigula Orange-breasted Thornbill N F 1 24 Uruguay Specimens Yale Peabody Mus split from P. erythrophthalmus

Anumbius annumbi Firewood-gatherer B U 3 40.3 38 45 Brazil Belton 1984, Bugoni et al. 2002

Premnoplex brunnescens Spotted Barbtail B U 38 16.7 0.8 Br Venezuela Munoz & Martin 2014

Margarornis rubiginosus Ruddy Treerunner B U 37 16.6 2.6 15 18.3 Costa Rica Sealy & Neudorf

Syndactyla rufosuperciliata Buff-browed Foliage-gleaner B B 25 24 20.3 27.2 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017

Syndactyla ruficollis Rufous-necked Foliage-gleaner B U 6 31.5 29 34 Peru, Ecuador Parker et al. 1985, Freile et al. 2004

Cichlocolaptes leucophrus Pale-browed Treehunter N U 38.3 Brazil Vale et al. 2018

Cichlocolaptes mazarbarnetti Cryptic Treehunter N F 1 48 Brazil Mazar Barnett & Buzzetti 2014

Philydor rufum Buff-fronted Foliage-gleaner B B 13 25 22 31 Brazil; Paraguay Sanft 1973, Darrieu 86, Belton 84 Reinert et al. 1996, Foster & Johnson 2017 Philydor lichtensteini Ochre-breasted Foliage-gleaner B B 17 21.1 17 23.5 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017 also known as Anabacerthia lichtensteini

Philydor atricapillus Black-capped Foliage-gleaner B U 10 22.2 20 24 Brazil; Paraguay Brooks 1993, Oniki 1981 Foster & Johnson 2017 Anabazenops fuscus White-collared Foliage-gleaner N U 4 38.4 37 40 Brazil Paula de Faria & Sousa de Paula 2008

Thripadectes rufobrunneus Streak-breasted Treehunter B U 13 53.2 2.6 49.4 57.8 Costa Rica Sealy & Neudorf 2017

Automolus leucophthalmus White-eyed Foliage-gleaner B B 23 31.1 26 35.5 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017

Automolus infuscatus Olive-backed Foliage-gleaner B U 16 31.6 2.8 Brazil Thiollay 1988 data formerly listed under this species now attributable to A. paraensis

Automolus paraensis Para Foliage-gleaner N B 20 36 2.7 31.5 40 Brazil Specimens MPEG

Automolus lammi Pernambuco Foliage-gleaner N U 20 Brazil Vale et al. 2018

Hylocryptus rectirostris Chestnut-capped Foliage-gleaner B B 21 49.7 45 55 Brazil Faria et al. 2007 Sclerurus scansor cearensis Rufous-breasted Leaftosser B F 2 31 30 32 Bahia, Brazil Vasconcelos et al. 2012 subspecies may be split

Dendrocincla tyrannina Tyrannine Woodcreeper B U 7 55 Peru; Columbia Weske 1972; Salaman 2001 Echeverry-Galvis in press Dendrocincla turdina Plain-winged Woodcreeper E U 22 39 31 45.3 Brazil Oniki 1981 lumped by Clements 2008, split again Clements 2013

Hylexetastes perrotii brigidai Brigida's Woodcreeper N U 1 109 Brazil Specimens FMNH

Lepidocolaptes duidae Duida Woodcreeper N B 2 24.5 24 25 Venezuela; Brazil Specimens Field Museum NH Split from Lepidocolaptes albolineatus by Clements 2015

Lepidocolaptes albolineatus Guianan Woodcreeper B B 23 20.3 18 24 Surinam Haverschmidt & Mees 1994 formerly known as Lineated Woodcreeper

Lepidocolaptes fuscicapillus Rondonia Woodcreeper N M 2 33.8 33 34.6 Peru; Ecuador Specimens WFVZ, Univ. Kansas Split from Lepidocolaptes albolineatus by Clements 2015 F 2 30 30 30 Specimens Museum SWB, UNM Lepidocolaptes squamatus Scaled Woodcreeper B U 4 25.6 22 29.2 Brazil; Argentina Contreras 1983a, Oniki 1980 bigger sample Paula de Faria & Sousa de Paula 2008 Lepidocolaptes fuscicapillus Rondonia Woodcreeper N M 2 33.8 33 34.6 Peru; Ecuador Specimens WFVZ, Univ. Kansas Split from Lepidocolaptes albolineatus by Clements 2015 F 2 30 30 30 Specimens Museum SWB, UNM Xiphorhynchus elegans juruanus Jurua Woodcreeper N B 12 38.6 2.7 33.7 42.4 Peru; Bolivia Specimens FMNH

Xiphorhynchus flavigaster Ivory-billed Woodcreeper B M 26 47 9.7 Mexico; Central America Puebla-Olivares & Figueroa-Esquivel 2009 F 14 41.6 23 Campylorhamphus falcularius Black-billed Scythebill B U 11 40.9 Reinert et al. 1996, Oniki 1981 better sample Brooke 1983, Belton 1984, Paula de FariaFoster & Sousa & Johnson de Paula 2017 2008 Campylorhamphus gyldenstolpei Tupana Scythebill N M 1 38 Amazonas, Brazil Aleixo et al. 2013 newly described in del Hoyo et al. 2013

Campylorhamphus cardosoi Tapajos Scythebill N F 1 38 Para, Brazil Portes et al. 2013 newly described in del Hoyo et al. 2013

Family Thamnophilidae Hypoedaleus guttatus Spot-backed Antshrike B B 3 39.3 36 41.5 Paraguay Storer 1989, Foster & Johnson 2017

Mackenziaena severa Tufted Antshrike B B 8 52.9 50 56 Brazil; Paraguay Brooks 1993, Belton 1985 Stotz unpubl., Foster & Johnson 2017 Mackenziaena leachii Large-tailed Antshrike B B 14 67.9 56 76.1 Contreras 1983a, Darrieu 1986, Belton 1985Foster & Johnson 2017 Paula de Faria & Sousa de Paula 2008 Frederickena fulva Fulvous Antshrike N M 1 78.8 Ecuador Specimens Harvard MCZ split from Frederickena unduligera by Clement 2013 F 1 87 Biatas nigropectus White-bearded Antshrike N U 33.5 Brazil Vale et al. 2018

Thamnophilus caerulescens Variable Antshrike B B 10 20.9 1.6 20 25 Brazil Paula de Faira & Sousa de Paula 2008

Thamnophilus punctatus leucogasterNorthern Slaty-Antshrike N M 1 20.5 Ecuador Specimens Philly Academy

Thamnophilus stictocephalus Natterer's Slaty-Antshrike N B 5 17.1 12 21.5 Bolivia; Brazil Isler et al. 1997 Guilherme et al. 2018 Thamnophilus praecox Cocha Antshrike N M 1 28 Ecuador Specimens Kansas University Thamnophilus ambiguus Sooretama Slaty-Antshrike N U 21.9 Brazil Vale et al. 2018

Clytoctantes alixii Recurve-billed Bushbird N B 2 32.5 32.5 32.5 Columbia Laverde & Stiles 2007

Clytoctantes atrogularis Rondonia Bushbird B F 2 32 31 33 Brazil Lanyon et al. 1990 Guilherme & Santos 2013 Thamnistes rufescens Rufescent Antshrike N M 1 21.4 Peru Museum SW Biol, UNM split from Thamnistes anabatinus, Clements 2018 F 1 17.9 Dysithamnus stictothorax Spot-breasted Antvireo N U 14.3 Brazil Vale et al. 2018

Dysithamnus mentalis Plain Antvireo B B 36 11.6 8.8 13 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017

Dysithamnus xanthopterus Rufous-backed Antvireo N U 14.3 Brazil Vale et al. 2018

Dysithamnus leucostictus White-streaked Antvireo N U 1 20.2 Columbia Salaman et al. 2007

Dysithamnus leucostictus White-streaked Antvireo N U 1 20.2 Columbia Salaman et al. 2007 split from Dysithamnus plumbeus in Clements 2013

Dysithamnus occidentalis Bicolored Antvireo N B 6 26.4 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished

Epinecrophylla haematonota Rufous-backed Antwren B B 7 9.2 8.5 11 Peru; Ecuador Specimens Museum SW Biology check above data with original source - location? Specimens Univ. Kansas Epinecrophylla pyrrhonota Fulvous-throated Antwren N M a 10 Columbia Specimen Univ Cal Berkeley split from Epinecrophylla haematonata, Clements 2016

Epinecrophylla amazonica Madeira Antwren N M 5 8.7 Bolivia Hackett & Rosenberg 1990 split from Epinecrophylla haematonata, Clements 2016

Epinecrophylla dentei Roosevelt Antwren N F 1 9 Amazonas, Brazil Whitney et al. 2013b described in del Hoyo 2013

Myrmotherula sunensis Rio Suno Antwren N B 10 9.4 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished

Myrmotherula urosticta Band-tailed Antwren N U 8.4 Brazil Vale et al. 2018

Myrmotherula oreni Bamboo Antwren N F 1 8 Acre, Brazil Miranda et al. 2013 described in del Hoyo 2013

Myrmotherula assimilis Leaden Antwren B M 6 9.1 Hackett & Rosenberg 1990, Remsen 2008added second source

Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus Rufous-winged Antwren B B 5 11.2 10 11.5 Panama; Brazil; Paraguay Robbins et al. 1985, Stotz unpubl. Foster & Johnson 2017 Herpsilochmus praedictus Predicted Antwren N F 1 11.2 Amazonas, Brazil Cohn-Haft and Bravo 2013 described in del Hoyo 2013

Herpsilochmus stotzi Aripuana Antwren N F 1 10.8 Amazonas, Brazil Whitney et al. 2013a described in del Hoyo 2013 type is subadult Herpsilochmus parkeri Ash-throated Antwren N M 1 11.5 Peru Davis & O'Neill 1986

Formicivora acutirostris Parana Antwren N M 69 10 0.6 8.5 11.5 Brazil Buzzetti et al. 2013 also known as Stymphalornis acutirostris F 65 9.8 0.8 8.5 12 Formicivora paludicola Sao Paulo Marsh Antbird N M 35 9.3 0.5 8.3 10.5 Brazil Buzzetti et al. 2013 species described in this source F 37 9.2 0.5 8 10 Formicivora erythronotus Black-hooded Antwren N U 10.6 Brazil Vale et al. 2018 Formicivora serrana Serra Antwren N U 11.7 Brazil Faria & Rodrigues 2009

Formicivora grantsaui Sincorá Antwren N B 8 10 8.5 11.5 Brazil Gonzaga et al. 2007

Drymophila ferruginea Ferruginous Antwren B U 6 10.8 9.4 12 Brazil Teixeira et al. 1989, Stotz unpubl. bigger sample Oniki 1981, Paula de Faria & Sousa de Paula 2008 Drymophila genei Rufous-tailed Antbird N U 18.7 Brazil Vale et al. 2018

Drymophila striaticeps Streak-headed Antbird B B 5 12.2 11 13.5 Peru Specimens Field Museum split from Drymophila caudata

Terenura sharpei Yellow-rumped Antwren N B 2 7.8 7.6 8.1 B Bolivia Brumfield & Maillard 2007

Hypocnemis flavescens Imeri Warbling-Antbird N B 12 12.9 1.1 11.1 15 Venezuela FMNH specimens split by Clements 2008

Hypocnemis peruviana Peruvian Warbling-Antbird N M 3 12.8 12 14 Ecuador specimens Philly Academy split by Clements 2008

Hypocnemis subflava Yellow-breasted Warbling-AntbirdN B 22 13 0.7 11 14 Peru FMNH specimens split by Clements 2008

Hypocnemis ochrogyna Rondonia Warbling-Antbird N B 13 12.3 1.5 10 14.7 Bolivia; Brazil FMNH specimens split by Clements 2008

Hypocnemis striata Spix's Warbling-Antbird N B 20 11.7 1.1 10 14.5 Para & Mato Grosso, Brazil Specimens Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldisplit by Clements 2008

Hypocnemis rondoni Manicore Warbling-Antbird N M 1 12.5 Mato Grosso, Brazil Whitney et al. 2013c newly described in del Hoyo et al. 2013

Myrmoborus melanurus Black-tailed Antbird N B 8 18.1 15.8 20.6 Schulenberg & Kirwan 2015

Cercomacra brasiliana Rio de Janeiro Antbird N U 18.7 Brazil Vale et al. 2018

Cercomacra fuscicauda Riparian Antbird N U 10 19 1.3 16 20.3 Peru Specimens FMNH Clements puts in genus Cercomacroides split by Clements 2015 Schistocichla schistacea Slate-colored Antbird N M 1 30 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished

Schistocichla brunneiceps Brownish-headed Antbird N B 22 25 1.9 21.5 29.2 Peru FMNH split by Clements 2008

Schistocichla rufifacies Rufous-faced Antbird N B 3 25.6 24.5 27.2 Rondonia & Para, Brazil FMNH specimens split by Clements 2008

Myrmeciza ferruginea Ferruginous-backed Antbird B B 36 25.5 1.9 Moncrieff et al. 2018 authors put in genus Myrmoderus

Myrmeciza eowilsoni Cordillera Azul Antbird N B 8 27.4 Peru Moncrieff et al. 2018 authors put in genus Myrmoderus species described here Myrmoderus ruficaudus Scalloped Antbird N U 21.9 Brazil Vale et al. 2018 formerly Myrmeciza ruficauda

Myrmeciza loricata White-bibbed Antbird N U 17.7 Brazil Faria & Rodrigues 2009

Myrmeciza berlepschi Stub-tailed Antbird N M 1 33 Ecuador; immature Specimen Univ. Kansas

Myrmeciza immaculata immaculataAndean Immaculate Antbird B M 2 42.6 41.6 43.6 Columbia Donegan 2012 F 1 38.7 Myrmeciza immaculata concepcionAndean Immaculate Antbird B M 5 41 40 41.6 Columbia Donegan 2012 F 2 39.3 39.3 39.3 Myrmeciza zeledoni macrorhynchaWestern Immaculate Antbird N B 3 44.9 39.9 48.3 Columbia Donegan 2012 split by this source from M. immaculata

Pithys albifrons White-plumed Antbird B U 26 20.4 1.9 Columbia Salaman et al. 2007

Gymnopithys bicolor Bicolored Antbird E U 32 31.1 1.9 28 37 Panama Blake, unpubl. previously G. leucaspis before split

Gymnopithys leucaspis White-cheeked Antbird B B 10 23.8 Peru; Ecuador Lane et al. 2006 previously known as Bicolored Antbird before split

Willisornis vidua Xingu Scale-backed Antbird N B 4 17 16 17.5 Brazil Brito et al. 2016

Family Formicariidae Chamaeza campanisona Short-tailed Antthrush B U 8 82.3 Columbia Salaman et al. 2007

Chamaeza turdina Schwartz's Antthrush N U 3 68.3 Columbia Donegan unpubl., Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished

Family Grallariidae Grallaria milleri Brown-banded Antpitta B U 18 52 3.2 Salaman et al. 2009

Grallaria urraoensis Urrao Antpitta N U 53.5 57.4 del Hoyo et al. 2013 also known as Grallaria fenwickorum

Hylopezus macularius Spotted Antpitta B B 14 40.1 39 43 Silva Carneiro et al. 2012 split four ways in this source

Hylopezus whittakeri Alta Floresta Antpitta N B 23 43.2 40 47 Silva Carneiro et al. 2012 split from Hylopezus maculus in this source

Hylopezus dilutus Zimmer's Antpitta N B 11 42.8 39 45.5 Silva Carneiro et al. 2012 split from Hylopezus maculus in this source

Hylopezus paraensis Snethlage's Antpitta N B 16 44.1 42 48.4 Silva Carneiro et al. 2012 split from Hylopezus maculus in this source

Hylopezus fulviventris White-lored Antpitta B M 3 44 38 54 Panama; Peru Robbins et al. 1985, Brooks et al. 2009

Grallaricula cucullata Hooded Antpitta N B 10 19.3 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished Donegan 2008 Grallaricula nana occidentalis Slate-crowned Antpitta B U 34 20.2 0.9 18.5 22 West Andes Donegan 2008 subspecies designation uncertain

Grallaricula nana hallsi Slate-crowned Antpitta B U 3 20.4 18.4 23 Columbia Donegan 2008

Grallaricula nana nanitaea Slate-crowned Antpitta B U 5 19.4 18 23 Columbia; Venezuela Donegan 2008

Family Conopophagidae Conopophaga cearae Ceara Gnateater N U 16.5 Brazil Vale et al. 2018 split from Conopophaga lineata, Clements 2016

Conopophaga lineata Rufous Gnateater B B 24 21.3 1.7 18 24 Brazil Paula de Faria & Sousa de Paula 2008

Conopophaga lineata Rufous Gnateater B B 37 20.9 16 24 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017

Family Rhinocryptidae Merulaxis stresemanni Stresemann's Bristlefront N U 57.3 Brazil Vale et al. 2018

Scytalopus macropus Large-footed Tapaculo B U 8 36 43 Hosner et al. 2013

Scytalopus gettyae Junin Tapaculo N M 3 20.5 20.1 20.9 Peru Hosner et al. 2013

Scytalopus meridanus Merida Tapaculo N M 6 15.3 13.5 16.5 Avendano et al. 2015

Scytalopus argentifrons Silvery-fronted Tapaculo B M 1 15.1 Costa Rica Sealy & Neudorf 2017 F 3 15.4 14.1 17.1 Scytalopus latebricola Brown-rumped Tapaculo B B 7 22.5 18 26 Peru; Ecuador Rahbek et al. 1993, Parker et al. 1985 Avendano et al. 2015 Scytalopus perijanus Perija Tapaculo N M 10 17.7 16.5 20.5 Columbia; Venezuela Avendano et al. 2015

Scytalopus opacus Paramo Tapaculo N M 23 16.2 13.9 17.9 Ecuador Krabbe & Schulenberg 1997 F 7 14.8 13.4 15.5 Scytalopus griseicollis Matorral Tapaculo N M 8 17.5 11 21 Columbia Donegan & Avendano-C. 2008 F 4 16.5 16 18 Scytalopus griseicollis gilesi Matorral Tapaculo N M 2 17.8 17.5 18 Columbia Donegan & Avendano-C. 2008

Scytalopus altirostris Neblina Tapaculo N B 11 18.8 17 22 Peru Schulenberg 2015

Scytalopus acutirostris Tschudi's Tapaculo B U 11 15.4 19 Hosner et al. 2013

Scytalopus speluncae Mouse-colored Tapaculo B M 13 12.9 1.1 11.2 14.9 Brazil (southern populationsMauricio 2005 F 3 13.8 12.3 15 Scytalopus speluncae Mouse-colored Tapaculo B M 6 14.9 13.3 16 Brazil (northern pops) Mauricio 2005 F 4 14.8 14.1 15.8 Scytalopus gonzagai Boa Nova Tapaculo N M 7 15.4 14.2 16.7 Bahia, Brazil Mauricio et al. 2014 F 3 14.7 14.2 15.3 Scytalopus pachecoi Planalto Tapaculo N M 23 15.1 1 13.2 17 Brazil Mauricio 2005 F 2 13.3 13 13.6 Scytalopus diamantinensis Diamantina Tapaculo N M 4 16.4 16 17.2 Bahia, Brazil Bornschein et al. 2007 F 1 15.3 Scytalopus novacapitalis Brasilia Tapaculo B M 2 19.2 Brazil Mauricio 2005 F 1 18.6 Scytalopus iraiensis Marsh Tapaculo B M 5 14 12.8 15 Brazil Mauricio 2005 formerly Wetland Tapaculo F 2 12.4 12.4 12.4 Scytalopus alvarezlopezi Tamamá Tapaculo N M 2 24.7 24 25.4 Columbia Stiles et al. 2017 new species described in this paper

Scytalopus stilesi Stiles's Tapaculo B M 4 22.1 20 24.5 Columbia Stiles et al. 2017 F 5 21.2 20.5 22 Scytalopus panamensis Pale-throated Tapaculo N M 1 17.8 Columbia Avendano unpublished data

Scytalopus rodriguezi Upper Magdalena Tapaculo N B 6 21.6 21.4 21.9 Columbia Krabbe et al. 2005, Donegan & Avendano-C. 2008 Scytalopus rodriguezi yariguiorum Upper Magdalena Tapaculo N B 9 17.1 15.2 19 Columbia Donegan et al. 2013 new subsp described in this paper

Scytalopus petrophilus Rock Tapaculo N M 1 15 Minas Gerais, Brazil Whitney et al. 2010

Scytalopus canus confusus Paramillo Tapaculo N M 1 25 Krabbe et al. 2005 renamed due to split, Clements 2014

Scytalopus opacus Paramo Tapaculo N M 23 16.2 13.9 17.9 Ecuador Krabbe & Schulenberg 1997 split from S. canus by Clements 2014 F 7 14.8 13.4 15.5

Family Cotingidae Tijuca atra Black-and-gold Cotinga N M 1 129 Kirwan & Green 2012

Tijuca condita Gray-winged Cotinga B F 2 83.5 80 87 Snow 1982, Kirwan & Green 2012

Pipreola lubomirskii Black-chested Fruiteater N M 1 57 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished

Calyptura cristata Kinglet Calyptura N U 19.8 20.2 Kirwan & Green 2012

Lipaugus uropygialis Scimitar-winged Piha B M 1 116 Snow 1982, Kirwan & Green 2012 F 1 135 Porphyrolaema porphyrolaema Purple-throated Cotinga B B 49 60 Kirwan & Green 2012

Cotinga nattererii Blue Cotinga N B 3 78.2 77 79 Panama Spec. WFVZ

Cotinga cotinga Purple-breasted Cotinga B B 3 52.7 50 55 Kirwan & Green 2012

Xipholena lamellipennis White-tailed Cotinga N M 3 50.6 57 Kirwan & Green 2012

Carpodectes hopkei Black-tipped Cotinga B M 3 102 118 Kirwan & Green 2012

Conioptilon mcilhennyi Black-faced Cotinga B M 2 90 89 91 Kirwan & Green 2012 F 1 81 Pyroderus scutatus Red-ruffed Fruitcrow B B 10 354 293 419 Snow 1982

Procnias tricarunculatus Three-wattled Bellbird B M 6 210 194 233 Kirwan & Green 2012 F 1 145

Family Pipridae Antilophia bokermanni Araripe Manakin B B 94 20.7 Y Brazil Gaiotti, et al. 2017

Manacus aurantiacus Orange-collared Manakin B M 11 17 Kirwan & Green 2012 F 14 18 Xenopipo atronitens Black Manakin B M 2 13 13 13 Rondonia, Brazil Guilherme et al. 2018 F 5 13.8 12 16 Pipra iris Opal-crowned Manakin N M 6 10.6 Kirwan & Green 2012 F 7.5 11.5 Pipra vilasboasi Golden-crowned Manakin N B 5 6 8 Kirwan & Green 2012 Heterocercus linteatus Flame-crested Manakin B B 7 21.9 19.8 24.2 Brazil; Bolivia Fry 1970, Maillard et al. 2007

Neopelma chrysocephalum Saffron-crested Tyrant-Manakin B B 12 15.5 13.4 17 Surinam; Venezuela; Peru; BrazilWillard et al. 1991, Stotz unpubl., Haverschmidtcommon 1952name reverts to previously used Alverez Alonso & Whitney 2003 Neopelma chrysolophum Serra do MarTyrant-Manakin N B 11.6 23 Kirwan & Green 2012

Piprites chloris Wing-barred Piprites B M 10 16.3 15 18.5 Surinam; Paraguay Haverschmidt & Mees 1994 F 1 19 Foster & Johnson 2017 Machaeropterus regulus Kinglet Manakin N U 9.4 Brazil Vale et al. 2018 also known as Striped Manakin, Clements 2018

Machaeropterus eckelberryi Painted Manakin N M 1 10 Peru Lane et al. 2017 new species described 2017

Family Tityridae Schiffornis major Varzea Schiffornis B U 29.1` 31 Kirwan & Green 2012 formerly Greater Schiffornis

Schiffornis turdina steinbachi Brown-winged Schiffornis B B 58 29.6 2.4 25.5 38.2 Peru Specimens FMNH formerly Thrush-like Schiffornis

Schiffornis turdina amazonus Brown-winged Schiffornis B B 15 30.5 2.1 28 36.5 Venezuela Specimens FMNH formerly Thrush-like Schiffornis

Schiffornis olivacea Olivaceous Schiffornis N B 9 29.5 23.2 33.5 Guyana Specimens PANS, Smithsonian split from S. turdina by Clements 2012

Schiffornis veraepacis Northern Schiffornis N B 7 31.1 26.5 34.1 Costa Rica; Panama Specimens FMNH, PANS, Smithsoniansplit from S. turdina by Clements 2012

Schiffornis aena Foothill Schiffornis N F 1 32 Ecuador Specimens Philly ANS split from S. turdina by Clements 2012

Schiffornis stenorhyncha Rufous-winged Schiffornis B U 36.8 Columbia Sandoval-H., et al. 2017 split from S. turdina by Clements 2012

Schiffornis virescens Greenish Schiffornis B M 14 22.1 1.6 18.5 25.5 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017 F 1 28.8 Laniocera hypopyrra Cinereous Mourner B U 36 58.5 Kirwan & Green 2012

Family Tyrannidae Ornithion inerme White-lored Tyrannulet B U 2 7.5 7 8 Brazil Magalhaes et al. 2007

Capsiempis flaveola Yellow Tyrannulet B B 28 7.5 Panama; Venezuela Hartman 1961, Karr 1971, Strauch 1977 Paraguay Thomas 1982; Foster & Johnson 2017 Elaenia spectabilis Large Elaenia B B 15 27.3 Argentina; Brazil; ParaguaySalvador 1988, Foster 1987, Belton 1985 Fry 1970; Foster & Johnson 2017 Elaenia albiceps chilensis White-crested Elaenia B U 1 14 Brazil; juvenile Guilherme et al. 2018

Elaenia parvirostris Small-billed Elaenia B U 6 12 8 14 Brazil Guilherme et al. 2018

Serpophaga subcristata White-crested Tyrannulet B B 8 6.5 5 8.5 Brazil; Argentina; ParaguaySalvador 1988, Belton 1985, Contreras 1979 Marini et al. 1997, Foster & Johnson 2017 Serpophaga munda White-bellied Tyrannulet B U 5 5.6 4.5 6.8 Schmitt et al. 1997, Contreras 1979 Foster & Johnson 2017 Serpophaga griseicapilla Straneck's Tyrannulet N U 4.4 7.5 del Hoyo et al. 2013

Mionectes macconnelli MacConnell's Flycatcher B M 1 13 Venezuela FMNH specimens Split new species by Hilty paper BBOC 2015 roraimae Leptopogon amaurocephalus Sepia-capped Flycatcher B B 39 11.6 10 13.5 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017

Phylloscartes eximius Southern Bristle-Tyrant B B 10 7.5 6.7 8.2 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017

Phylloscartes ventralis Mottle-checked Tyrannulet B B 14 8 7 10.3 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017

Phylloscartes kronei Restinga Tyrannulet B M 11 9.2 0.5 8.5 10 Brazil Gussoni & Pizo 2018 F 12 7.7 0.3 7.2 8 Phyllomyias weedeni Yungas Tyrannulet N B 2 8.5 8 9 Bolivia Herzog et al. 2008

Phyllomyias burmeisteri Rough-legged Tyrannulet B B 7 12.2 9.8 19 Brazil; Peru; Argentina Salvador 1988, Belton 1985, Davis 1986bigger sample Paraguay Paula de Faria & Sousa de Paula 2008 Foster & Johnson 2017 Phyllomyias plumbeiceps Plumbeous-crowned Tyrannulet N M 4 9.4 8.8 9.9 Peru Specimens Museum SW Biol, UNM

Phyllomyias griseocapilla Gray-capped Tyrannulet N U 9 Brazil Vale et al. 2018

Zimmerius vilissimus Guatemalan Tyrannulet N M 8 11.9 10 15 Guatemala; Mexico Specimens U Cal Berkeley formerly known as Paltry Tyrannulet F 9 9.6 7.8 11 Specimens L.A. County Mus Zimmerius parvus Mistletoe Tyrannulet E U 15 9.7 Panama Leck 1975 split from Zimmerius vilissimus, Clements 2018 formerly known as Paltry Tyrannulet Zimmerius improbus Spectacled Tyrannulet N U 10.9 Hilty 2003 split from Zimmerius vilissimus, Clements 2018

Zimmerius petersi Venezuelan Tyrannulet N U 1 10.1 Venezuela Thomas 1982 split from Zimmerius vilissimus, Clements 2018

Zimmerius albigularis Choco Tyrannulet N B 4 8.3 6.6 9.5 Ecuador FMNH specimens, Philly Acad specimens

Zimmerius acer Guianan Tyrannulet N B 12 8.1 1.6 6.5 9.9 Brazil; Guyana FMNH spec., Philly Academy spec Smithsonian specimens Zimmerius chrysops Golden-faced Tyrannulet B B 25 9 1 Venezuela Goulding & Martin 2010

Zimmerius chicomendesi Chico's Tyrannulet N M 1 5.5 Amazonas, Brazil Whitney et al. 2013e newly described in del Hoyo et al. 2013

Anairetes nigrocristatus Black-crested Tit-Tyrant N M 1 9.2 Ecuador Specimens Philly Academy

Inezia caudata Pale-tipped Tyrannulet N B 4 7.4 7 7.9 Brazil FNMH specimens

Culicivora caudacuta Sharp-tailed Tyrant B U 12 5.7 0.6 5 6.7 Brazil Sousa & Marini 2007

Hemitriccus mirandae Buff-breasted Tody-Tyrant N U 7.4 Brazil Vale et al. 2018

Hemitriccus kaempferi Kaempfer's Tody-Tyrant M U 7.4 Brazil Vale et al. 2018

Hemitriccus furcatus Fork-tailed Pygmy-Tyrant M U 9 Brazil Vale et al. 2018 formerly Fork-tailed Tody-Tyrant

Hemitriccus griseipectus White-bellied Tody-Tyrant B M 6 9.2 8.7 9.7 Brazil Cohn-Haft, unpublished data now considered separates species F 1 8.3 Hemitriccus orbitatus Eye-ringed Tody-Tyrant B B 5 9.4 9 10.5 Brazil Belton 1985, Paula de Faria & Sousa debetter Paula sample 2008

Hemitriccus cohnhafti Acre Tody-Tyrant N M 1 9 Acre, Brazil Zimmer et al. 2013 newly described in del Hoyo et al. 2013

Todirostrum poliocephalum Gray-headed Tody-Flycatcher N U 3 5.5 5.2 6 Brazil Patrikeev 2017(?) formerly Yellow-lored Tody-Flycatcher

Todirostrum viridanum Short-tailed Tody-Flycatcher N U 3 6.5 5.5 7.5 B Venezuela Rodriguez unpublished data

Cnipodectes superrufus Rufous Twistwing N B 6 32.6 22.5 42 Peru; Brazil Lane et al. 2007, Tobias et al. 2008

Tolmomyias sucunduri Sucunduri Flycatcher N F 1 14.5 Amazonas, Brazil Whitney et al. 2013f newly described in del Hoyo et al. 2013

Tolmomyias flaviventris Yellow-breasted Flycatcher B B 5 11.4 10 13 Brazil Guilherme et al. 2018

Onychorhynchus mexicanus Northern Royal-Flycatcher N B 12 19.3 1.5 16.3 21.6 Mexico; Belize Paynter 1955, Russell 1964

Onychorhynchus coronatus Amazonian Royal-Flycatcher E U 13 14 9.7 16.2 Brazil Oniki 1974 single species split into three

Onychorhynchus occidentalis Pacific Royal-Flycatcher N U 5 14.8 Peru Weske 1972, Wiedenfeld et al. 1985 check that sources are from this species range

Myiophobus pulcher pulcher Handsome Flycatcher B U 12 9.1 0.6 Columbia Donegan et al. 2007

Myiophobus pulcher bellus Handsome Flycatcher B U 4 11.3 Columbia Donegan et al. 2007

Myiobius barbatus Whiskered Flycatcher N B 91 10.4 1.2 6.6 13 Brazil Specimens of the Goeldi Museu

Lathrotriccus euleri Euler's Flycatcher B B 75 11 8.7 13.8 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017

Lathrotriccus griseipectus Gray-breasted Flycatcher N U 3 10.2 8 11.5 Ecuador Freile et al. 2004

Contopus ochraceus Ochraceous Pewee B U 2 21.4 20.9 21.9 Costa Rica Sealy & Neudorf 2017

Cnemotriccus fuscatus duidae Fuscous Flycatcher B U 1 11 Rondonia, Brazil Guilherme et al. 2018

Cnemotriccus fuscatus beniensis Fuscous Flycatcher B U 1 11 Rondonia, Brazil Guilherme et al. 2018

Cnemotriccus fuscatus bimaculatusFuscous Flycatcher B U 1 12 Rondonia, Brazil Guilherme et al. 2018

Empidonax atriceps Black-capped Flycatcher B U 12 8.7 0.4 8.1 9.7 Costa Rica Sealy & Neudorf 2017

Knipolegus signatus Jelski's Black-Tyrant N B 7 15.9 12.9 19.1 Argentina Specimens Cornell U., AMNH formerly Andean Black-Tyrant

Muscisaxicola griseus Taczanowski's Ground-Tyrant N B 10 28.1 2.3 24.8 31.6 Peru Specimens UNM, Kansas U

Muscisaxicola albifrons White-fronted Ground-Tyrant N M 1 60.7 Peru Specimens Univ. Kansas

Agriornis albicauda White-tailed Shrike-Tyrant N B 3 87.4 84.3 91 Peru Specimens Museum SW Biol formerly Agriornis andicola Sayornis phoebe Eastern Phoebe B U 41 18.7 1.8 15 22 Texas, USA Wood et al. 2016

Alectrurus risora Strange-tailed Tyrant N U 21 Heming and Marini 2015

Sirystes sibilator Sibilant Sirystes B B 3 29.4 26.2 34.5 Brazil Marini et al. 1997, Belton 1985 split by Donegan 2013

Sirystes albogriseus Western Sirystes N U 4 34.8 32 36 Panama Robbins et al. 1985, Burton 75, Strauch split77 from S. sibilator by Donegan 2013 accepted AOU 2016 Sirystes albocinereus White-rumped Sirystes N U 38 Peru Terborgh et al. 1990 split from S. sibilator by Donegan 2013 accepted AOU 2016 Sirystes subcanescens Todd's Sirystes N F 1 34 Roraima, Brazil Specimens FMNH split from S. sibilator by Donegan 2013 accepted AOU 2016 Deltarhynchus flammulatus Flammulated Flycatcher B B 127 17.2 0.9 Jalisco, Mexico Vega Rivera et al. 2011

Myiotheretes pernix Santa Marta Bush-Tyrant N U 33 30.7 35.3 Columbia Botero D., unpublished data

Cnemarchus erythropygius Red-rumped Bush-Tyrant N M 1 77.8 Peru Spec. Mus. SW Biol.; Kansas U F 4 51.5 49.1 53.9 Xolmis salinarum Salinas Monjita N U 25.1 Heming and Marini 2015

Ochthoeca spodionota boliviana Peruvian Chat-Tyrant N M 1 12.1 Peru FMNH specimens F 1 10.5 Ochthoeca piurae Piura Chat-Tyrant N B 5 8.9 8.6 9 Specimens of Mus SW Biology

Ochthoeca cinnamomeiventris Slaty-backed Chat-Tyrant N M 1 12.5 Peru Spec. Museum SW Biology, UNM lumped by Clements 2008 thoracica Myiodynastes hemichrysus Golden-bellied Flycatcher B U 2 41.6 39.9 43.4 Panama; Costa Rica Hartman 1961 Sealy & Neudorf 2017 Pachyramphus viridis Green-backed Becard B U 3 19.7 18 21 Brazil Belton 1985, Magalhaes et al. 2007 add source

Family Pittidae Erythropitta ussheri Black-headed Pitta N U 5 57.2 55.8 63 Malaysia Specimens Cornell Univ. formerly Pitta ussheri

Erythropitta arcuata Blue-banded Pitta N F 1 49.4 Sabah, Malaysia Specimen WFVZ Formerly Pitta arcuata

Hydrornis baudii Blue-headed Pitta N B 9 57.8 55 65.2 Sabah, Malaysia Specimens WFVZ formerly Pitta baudii

Pitta reichenowi Green-breasted Pitta N M 1 81 Uganda Specimens LA County Museum

Pitta caerulea Giant Pitta B M 2 202 202 205 Malaysia Medway 1972, Wells 2007

Pitta cyanea Blue Pitta B M 8 106 120 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007 F 7 99 120 Pitta irena Malayan Banded-Pitta B M 7 75.5 96 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007 split from Pitta guajana by Clements 2012 F 13 74 96.9 Pitta schwanerii Bornean Banded-Pitta N U 1 89.9 Borneo Specimens Smithsonian split from Pitta guajana by Clements 2012

Pitta granatina Garnet Pitta B U 24 70 52 64 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007 Pitta megarhyncha Mangrove Pitta N U 1 102 Thai-Malay Peninsula new source

Family Alaudidae Mirafra fasciolata Eastern Clapper Lark B U 8 30.6 26 34 Hockey et al. 2005

Mirafra williamsi Williams's Lark N B 4 25.5 25 26 Kenya Specimens Carnegie Museum

Mirafra (gilletti) degodiensis Degodi Lark N M 1 19.2 Ethiopia Collar et al. 2009

Calendulalauda albescens Karoo Lark B M 17 30.4 27 33 Hockey et al. 2005 F 6 27.2 26 29 Calendulalauda barlowi Barlow's Lark N M 31 31 27 36 Hockey et al. 2005 F 6 28.3 25 31 Heteromirafra sidamoensis Sidamo Lark B U 4 28.4 25.5 30.2 Ethiopia Keith et al. 1992, Collar et al. 2008 includes H. archeri, which Spottiswoode et al. 2013 found conspecific Spottiswoode, unpublished Certhilauda brevirostris Agulhas Lark B M 1 44 Hockey et al. 2005 formerly Agulhas Lark

Certhilauda semitorquata Eastern Long-billed Lark B M 1 45 Hockey et al. 2005

Certhilauda chuana Short-clawed Lark B M 17 38.6 36 44 Hockey et al. 2005 F 11 30.4 28 36 Chersomanes albofasciata Spike-heeled Lark B M 25 28.1 22.5 36 Hockey et al. 2005 F 15 22.4 19.5 27.6 Alaemon alaudipes Greater Hoopoe-Lark N U 14 36.5 3.7 Arabian Desert Tieleman & Williams 2002

Calandrella brachydactyla Greater Short-toed Lark B U 5 20.9 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Alaudala cheleensis Asian Short-toed Lark N B 15 22.2 20 24 Hopei, China Shaw 1936 Split from Alaudala rufescens, Clements 2016

Eremalauda dunni Dunn's Lark B U 16 20.5 1.8 Arabian Desert Tieleman and Williams new source includes s.d.

Galerida macrorhyncha Maghreb Lark B M 16 37 42 Keith et al. 1992 split from Galerida cristata, Clements 2016 F 8 47.6 44 54 Lullula arborea Wood Lark B M 135 27.9 25 30.8 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 72 29.4 24.3 35.3 Alauda razae Razo Skylark N M 40 23.6 1.2 Cape Verde Islands Donald et al. 2007 F 12 19.9 1.6 Alauda arvensis Eurasian Skylark B M 108 37.6 32.4 43.5 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 42 32.2 28.7 39.5

Family Hirundinidae Progne modesta Galapagos Martin N M 4 31 24 39 Galapagos Islands Specimens MVZ, Berkeley; Cal Acad Sci. Specimens West Found. Vert. Zool. Progne murphyi Peruvian Martin N B 6 34.7 30 37 Peru Abadie et al. 2005

Riparia riparia Bank Swallow B M 2808 13.5 11.9 15.4 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 3111 13.9 12 16.3 Riparia diluta Pale Martin N B 5 15.2 14.3 17.2 Russia; Kazakhstan Smithsonian, Philly Acad specimens split from Riparia riparia, by BOU in 2011

Riparia paludicola Plain Martin B U 982 9.8 0.8 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Riparia chinensis Gray-throated Martin N B 3 9.8 9.5 10 Ali & Ripley 1983

Hirundo rustica Barn Swallow B M 8632 19.9 17.1 23.4 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 7215 19.6 16.8 23 Hirundo rustica Barn Swallow B U 1512 17.5 2.3 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Hirundo angolensis Angola Swallow B U 15 17.5 16 18.8 Hockey et al. 2005

Hirundo tahitica Pacific Swallow B U 35 14.9 1.5 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Hirundo daurica rufula Red-rumped Swallow B B 121 24.3 2.4 15.1 29.6 F Lesvos, Greece Wilson et al. 2006

Hirundo hyperythra Sri Lankan Swallow N M 2 15 14 16 Sri Lanka Ali & Ripley 1983 also listed as Cecropis hyperythra split from H. daurica, Clements 2011 Hirundo striolata Striolated Swallow B U 55 21.9 2.2 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Delichon urbicum Common House-Martin B B 1458 19.3 16.2 22.7 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Psalidoprocne orientalis Eastern Sawwing B U 14 11.2 9.5 12 Hockey et al. 2005

Family Stenostiridae new family recognized Clements, 2009 Stenostira scita Fairy Warbler B U 48 5.9 4 8 Hockey et al. 2005

Culicicapa ceylonensis Gray-headed Canary-Flycatcher B B 31 7.7 0.7 6.3 9.1 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Family Motacillidae Motacilla alba White Wagtail B B #### 20.2 17.2 23.5 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Motacilla alba White Wagtail B U 146 20.1 1.7 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Motacilla flava Western Yellow Wagtail B M 1549 17.1 14.9 19.6 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 955 16.3 14 19 Motacilla flava thunbergii Western Yellow Wagtail B B 64 17.7 14.6 21.2 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Motacilla tschutschensis Eastern Yellow Wagtail B U 337 18.5 1.8 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Motacilla clara Mountain Wagtail B U 121 19.6 15.7 22.3 Hockey et al. 2005

Anthus nyassae Woodland Pipit N M 3 24.3 23.8 25.1 Hockey et al. 2005

Anthus trivialis trivialis Tree Pipit B B 7830 21.5 19.2 24.5 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Anthus pratensis Meadow Pipit B B 4742 17.5 15.1 20.5 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 Anthus cervinus Red-throated Pipit B B 586 19.2 16.7 21.9 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Anthus peruvianus Peruvian Pipit N M 1 17.3 Peru Specimen Univ. Michigan split from Anthus lutescens, Clements 2018

Anthus pallidiventris Long-legged Pipit N 1 31 Equatorial Guinea Specimens Philly Academy

Hemimacronyx sharpei Sharpe's Longclaw N B 12 30.7 2.3 27 34.5 Kenya Specimens Carnegie Mus, WFVZ formerly Macronyx sharpei, Sharpe's Pipit Specimens LA County Mus.

Family Aegithinidae Aegithina lafresnayei Great Iora N M 1 18.6 Thailand Specimen Mus Vert Zool, Berkeley

Family Campephagidae Coracina larvata Sunda Cuckooshrike N B 4 77.6 71.5 83 Sabah, Malaysia Specimens W. Found. Vert. Zool

Coracina macei Large Cuckoo-shrike N B 2 105 105 105 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Coracina javensis Javan Cuckoo-shrike N U 14 87 102 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007

Coracina welchmani amadonis North Melanesian Cuckoo-Shrike B M 2 135 134 136 Guadalcanal Cain & Galbraith 1955 split by Clements 2012 F 1 165 Coracina longicauda Hooded Cuckoo-shrike B B 7 101 92 109 New Guinea Gilliard & LeCroy 1968, 1961 Mayr and Gilliard 1954, Specimens Univ Kansas Lalage sharpei Samoan Triller N B 4 19.6 19.5 19.9 Samoa Specimens University Kansas

Lalage atrovirens leucoptera Black-browed Triller B B 4 39.4 35 43.5 Biak Island, New Guinea Mayr & Meyer de Sch 1939a

Pericrocotus cinnamomeus Small Minivet B U 9 8.1 6 12 India Ali & Ripley 1983. Majumdar 1984, 1984aincreased sample size

Pericrocotus brevirostris Short-billed Minivet B B 5 16.8 16 18 India; China Ali & Ripley 1983, specimens Univ. Kansas

Pericrocotus speciosus Scarlet Minivet B B 20 23.3 21 25 China Cheng 1993 split from P. flammeus by Clements 2013

Pericrocotus flammeus Orange Minivet N B 4 26.1 25 28 India Specimens Smithsonian

Hemipus picatus Bar-winged Flycatcher-shrike B B 4 9.7 9.4 10 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Hemipus hirundinaceus Black-winged Flycatcher-shrike B F 2 12.1 10.2 14 Borneo; Thai-Malay PeninsulaThompson 1966, Wells 2007

Edolisoma salomonis Mikira Cicadabird B M 15 64.6 55 75 Solomon Islands Galbraith & Galbraith 1962 split from Edolisoma (C.) tenuirostris by Clements 2012 F 12 65.7 60.5 73 formerly known as San Cristobal Cuckoo-shrike

Family Pycnonotidae Spizixos semitorques Collared Finchbill B B 24 33.4 4.4 20.3 43.3 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Baeopogon clamans Sjostedt's Greenbul N U 4 35.3 34.8 35.8 Democratic Rep. Congo Specimens Univ. Kansas Pycnonotus conradi Streak-eared Bulbul E U 8 33.4 31.3 35.7 Thailand Melville & Round 1984 split from Pycnonotus blandfordi, Clements 2017

Pycnonotus zeylanicus Straw-headed Bulbul N B 8 79.7 93.4 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007

Pycnonotus melanoleucus Black-and-white Bulbul B M 13 24.9 33.3 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007 F 8 23 29.1 Pycnonotus melanicterus Black-capped Bulbul N B 4 25 23.9 26.7 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007

Pycnonotus dispar Ruby-throated Bulbul N U 28 32 Sumatra Novarino et al. 1997

Pycnonotus gularis Flame-throated Bulbul N F 3 19.7 23.5 India Smithsonian Inst specimens

Pycnonotus xanthorrhous Brown-breasted Bulbul B B 14 27.4 2.4 24 32.2 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Pycnonotus sinensis Light-vented Bulbul N U 1172 29.9 3.1 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Pycnonotus sinensis Light-vented Bulbul N B 10 25.6 0.3 B China Zhang et al. 2006

Pycnonotus eutilotus Puff-backed Bulbul N M 11 33.8 43.9 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007 F 7 30.1 37 Pycnonotus finlaysoni Stripe-throated Bulbul N U 4 28.6 24.3 32.3 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007

Pycnonotus hualon Bare-faced Bulbul N M 1 41.3 Laos Woxvold et al. 2009 F 1 32.7 Pycnonotus cinereifrons Ashy-fronted Bulbul N M 3 36.7 36 37.8 Palawan, Philippines FMNH specimens split from Pycnonotus plumosus F 3 33.1 30.6 37.7 Pycnonotus simplex Cream-vented Bulbul N B 11 20.7 2 18.5 24.6 Borneo Shakya et al. 2019

Pycnonotus pseudosimplex Cream-eyed Bulbul N B 12 17.8 2.4 12.4 21.2 Borneo Shakya et al. 2019 split from P. simplex by authors

Pycnonotus erythrophthalmus Spectacled Bulbul B B 7 20 16.5 22 Borneo; Malaysia Medway 1972, Thompson 1966, Yap unpubl

Phyllastrephus flavostriatus Yellow-streaked Bulbul B M 156 34.7 30.1 39.8 Hockey et al. 2005 F 112 26.5 21.4 39.1 Alophoixus pallidus Puff-throated Bulbul B B 16 47 2.6 44.6 53 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Alophoixus bres Gray-cheeked Bulbul B U 147 29.2 44 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007

Alophoixus frater Gray-throated Bulbul N B 20 44.8 5.6 30.5 53.4 Philippines Specimens FMNH, Smithsonian split from Alophoixus bres

Tricholestes criniger Hairy-backed Bulbul N B 11 16.4 13 19 Borneo, Malaysia Gaither 1994, Yap unpubl.

Iole virescens Olive Bulbul N M 1 26 heavy fat; Myanmar specimens California Acad. Sci.

Iole crypta Buff-vented Bulbul N U 20 20 28 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007 split from Iole charlottae, Clements 2017

Ixos guimaraensis Visayan Bulbul N B 24 40.3 4.2 32 48 Negros, Philippines Specimens FMNH, Smithsonian Also listed as Hypsipetes guimarasensis split from Ixos (Hypsipetes) philippinus Ixos mindorensis Mindoro Bulbul N B 5 42.8 39 49 Mindoro, Philippines FMNH specimens Also listed as Hypsipetes mindorensis split from Ixos (Hypsipetes) philippinus Hemixos castanonotus Chestnut Bulbul N M 13 35 2.1 31.5 39 China Specimens Univ. Kansas F 12 33 2 29.5 36 Hypsipetes leucocephalus Himalayan Black Bulbul N B 58 50.7 4.8 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005 nigerrimus Hypsipetes moheliensis Moheli Bulbul N B 62 62.1 5 Moheli Louette & Herremans 1985

Hypsipetes siquijorensis Streak-breasted Bulbul N M 7 61.3 55 69 Philippines Specimens Univ. Kansas Also known as Ixos siquijorensis F 6 54.2 46 60

Family Regulidae Regulus calendula Ruby-crowned Kinglet B M 159 6.1 0.8 5 10 Texas, USA Wood et al. 2016 F 143 6 0.7 4 8 Regulus regulus Goldcrest B M 6052 5.8 5 6.7 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 3895 5.6 4.9 6.5 Regulus regulus azoricus Goldcrest B B 48 5.8 4 6.5 Azores Ramos 1998

Regulus regulus ellenthalerae Goldcrest (Canary Islands Kinglet)N U 8 5.2 4.4 6.8 Canary Islands Packert et al. 2006 formerly part of R. teneriffae, lumped by Clements 2018

Regulus regulus teneriffae Goldcrest (Canary Islands Kinglet)N U 22 5.4 0.4 4.5 6.2 Canary Islands Packert et al. 2006 lumped by Clements 2018

Regulus ignicapillus madeirensis Firecrest B U 16 6.4 0.5 5.3 6.8 Madeira Packert et al. 2006

Family Chloropseidae Chloropsis sonnerati Greater Green Leafbird B B 5 43.2 38 48.2 Borneo; Thai-Malay PeninsulaThompson 1966, Wells 2007

Chloropsis cochinchinensis Blue-winged Leafbird B M 7 20 28.5 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007 F 4 19 25 Chloropsis hardwickii Orange-billed Leafbird B M 4 34.9 30 40 India; China Ali & Ripley 1983 F 3 29.6 25 34 Specimens Univ. Kansas Chloropsis venusta Blue-masked Leafbird N M 1 15.3 captive bird Specimen Univ Florida

Family Ptilogonatidae Phainoptila melanoxantha Black-and-yellow Silky-flycatcher B M 17 58.5 3.2 55.2 67.3 Costa Rica Sealy & Neudorf 2017 F 10 58.1 2.4 53 60.5

Family Bombycillidae Bombycilla garrulus Bohemian Waxwing B M #### 59.4 49 73 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F #### 58.5 48 72

Family Cinclidae Cinclus cinclus White-throated Dipper B M 6013 71.1 62.5 81 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 6828 59.7 53 68

Famiily Megaluridae Bradypterus baboecala elgonensis African Bush-Warbler B U 26 12.1 10.4 15 Urban et al. 1997 may be split in future Bradypterus alfredi Bamboo Scrub-Warbler B U 5 15.8 14 17.5 Kennerley & Pearson 2010

Bradypterus bangwaensis Bangwa Scrub-Warbler N M 5 21 18 27 Cameroon Urban et al. 1997 HBW, Kennerley & Pearson 2010 splits

Bradypterus tacsanowskius Chinese Bush-Warbler B U 8 11.7 12.4 14 Piechocki 1958

Bradypterus davidi Siberian Bush-warbler N U 32 10.1 8.9 11.7 Kennerley & Pearson 2010

Bradypterus luteoventris Brown Bush-Warbler N U 3 11.8 13.2 Kennerley & Pearson 2010

Locustella lanceolata Lanceolated Warbler B U 19 10.3 9.1 11.9 Thailand Kennerley & Pearson 2010

Locustella naevia Common Grasshopper-Warbler B U 293 13.1 1 F Great Britain Bayly & Rumsey 2007 formerly Grasshopper Warbler

Locustella pleskei Pleske's Warbler N U 25 20 17.2 23.2 Hong Kong Kennerley & Pearson 2010

Locustella amnicola Sakhalin Warbler N U 18 26.1 23.9 29.6 Japan Kennerley & Pearson 2010

Locustella montis timorensis Javan (Timor) Bush Warbler N U 11 mass approximate del Hoyo et al. volume 11 formerly Bradypterus timorensis lumped by Clements 2018 Megalurus pryeri Marsh Grassbird B M 15 14.5 13.6 15.6 Kennerley & Pearson 2010 F 17 12.6 11.1 17.2

Family Troglodytidae Cantorchilus zeledoni Canebrake Wren N B 9 23.5 1.5 20.7 25.6 Costa Rica Specimens MVZ, Michigan MZ formerly (C.) Thryothorus modestus, split AOU s016

Cantorchilus elutus Isthmian Wren N M 6 19.7 Panama Hartman 1961 formerly (C.) Thryothorus modestus, split AOU 2016 F 7 17.9 Cantorchilus modestus Cabanis's Wren B U 14 15.4 2 12.2 18.3 El Salvador SalvaNATURA database formerly Plain Wren, split AOU 2016

Thryothorus rufalbus castanonotusRufous-and-white Wren B M 30 25.1 1.1 Panama Valderrama et al. 2007

Thryophilus sernai Antioquia Wren N U 21.4 22.9 del Hoyo et al. 2013

Thryothorus nicefori Niceforo's Wren N M 15 27.2 1.9 Columbia Valderrama et al. 2007

Thryothorus ludovicianus Carolina Wren B U 43 18.4 2.1 10 22 Texas, USA Wood et al. 2016

Troglodytes tanneri Clarion Wren N M 6 16.8 16.3 17.5 Clarion Island, Mexico Specimens California Acad Science F 3 19.6 18.8 20.6 Troglodytes ochraceus Ochraceous Wren B U 13 9.4 2.8 9 11.7 Costa Rica Sealy & Neudorf 2017

Troglodytes hiemalis Winter Wren E B 54 8.9 0.2 7.5 10.5 F Pennsylvania, USA Clench & Leberman 1978 split from T. troglodytes accepted AOU 2010

Troglodytes pacificus Pacific Wren B M 96 9.4 0.3 8.1 11.6 British Columbia, Canada Hejl et al. 2002 split from T. troglodytes accepted AOU 2010 F 30 9.1 0.9 7.6 10.9 Troglodytes troglodytes fridariensisEurasian Wren E U 50 12.2 Fair Island Cramp et al. 1992 split from NA forms accepted AOU 2010

Troglodytes troglodytes troglodytesEurasian Wren E U 272 9.3 1.1 6 12 Germany Cramp et al. 1992 split from NA forms accepted AOU 2010

Troglodytes aedon House Wren B U 176 10.4 1.1 8 14 Texas, USA Wood et al. 2016

Troglodytes cobbi Cobb's Wren N B 7 19.1 17 20 Falkland Islands Woods 1993 lumped by Clements 2008, split again Clements 2013

Henicorhina leucophrys Gray-breasted Wood-Wren B F 105 15.8 1.1 Venezuela Sahin Arslan & Martin 2019

Henicorhina anachoreta Hermit Wood-Wren N U 14.4 Columbia Cadena, et al. 2016 split from Henicorhina leucophrys, by AOS 2018 estimated from graph

Family Mimidae Mimus polyglottos Northern Mockingbird B U 44 49.6 3.4 44 57 Texas, USA Wood et al. 2016

Family Prunellidae Prunella modularis Dunnock B M 343 18.4 16.4 21 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 180 19.7 16.7 25

Family Turdidae Monticola sharpei bensoni Forest Rock-Thrush N M 5 25.5 21.5 29 Madagascar Cruaud et al. 2011 lumped by Clements 2012

Monticola sharpei erythronotus Forest Rock-Thrush N M 1 27 Madagascar Cruaud et al. 2011

Monticola imerina Littoral Rock-Thrush B M 6 28.5 26 32.5 Madagascar FMNH specimens, Ravokatra et al. 2003formerly in genus Pseudocossyphus Cruaud et al. 2011 Monticola rupestris Cape Rock-Thrush B B 7 57.5 50.5 64.5 Hockey et al. 2005

Monticola brevipes Short-toed Rock-Thrush B B 26 32.5 28.4 34.7 Hockey et al. 2005

Monticola angolensis Miombo Rock-Thrush B U 5 44.1 41.5 48 Urban et al. 1997

Geokichla tanganjicae Kivu Ground-Thrush N U 10 58.8 3.6 52 65 Burundi; Uganda Specimens Field Mus Nat Hist formerly Zoothera tanganjicae

Zoothera interpres Chestnut-capped Thrush N U 1 47.3 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007

Zoothera dohertyi Chestnut-backed Thrush N U 2 44.5 50.1 Timor Trainor & Hampton unpubl.

Zoothera peronii Orange-banded Thrush N U 1 39.9 Timor Trainor & Hampton unpubl.

Zoothera everetti Everett's Thrush N F 1 80.6 Sabah, Malaysia Specimens West Found Vert Zool

Zoothera dauma Scaly Thrush B U 4 150 126 173 Japan; China Hasegawa 1977 , specimens Univ. Kansas

Zoothera marginata Dark-sided Thrush N F 2 81.5 81 82 Thailand; Cambodia Melville & Round 1984, Eames et al. 2002

Zoothera salimalii Himalayan Thrush N M 1 84 Yunnan, China Specimens Cal Academy Sci newly described in 2016 F 1 75 Zoothera griseiceps Sichuan Thrush N F 1 81 Vietnam Specimens Univ. Kansas Split from Zoothera mollissima, Clements 2016 Catharus bicknelli Bicknell's Thrush N M 394 27.5 1.6 B Canada; New England Frey et al. 2008 F 162 27.2 2.3 Catharus gracilirostris Black-billed Nightingale-Thrush B U 54 19.4 2.7 18.1 22.8 Costa Rica Sealy & Neudorf 2017

Catharus frantzii Ruddy-capped Nightingale-ThrushB U 24 31.1 1.9 27.9 34.5 Costa Rica Sealy & Neudorf 2017

Turdus olivaceus transvaalensis Southern Olive Thrush B U 21 84.6 7 73 96 South Africa Wilson et al. 2009

Turdus smithi Karoo Thrush N U 130 77.8 6.3 54 92 South Africa Wilson et al. 2009 not clear if separate species from T. olivaceus

Turdus pelios African Thrush B U 516 65.3 64.5 69.7 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Turdus olivaceofuscus Sao Tome Thrush B M 12 82.1 7.9 Sao Tome Melo et al. 2011 F 11 90.3 5.6 Turdus xanthorhynchus Principe Thrush N B 2 82.5 82 83 Principe Melo et al. 2011

Turdus hortulorum Gray-backed Thrush B B 12 62 52 70.5 China; Russia Shaw 1938, Dement'ev & Gladkov 1954 Specimens Univ. Kansas Turdus dissimilis Black-breasted Thrush N B 2 59.4 50.5 68.5 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Turdus torquatus Ring Ouzel B B 52 102 89 112 B Scotland Sim & Rebecca 2003

Turdus merula Eurasian Blackbird B M 4110 99 84.7 123 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 2336 97.3 81 120 Turdus maximus Tibetan Blackbird N F 89.5 estimated Lu 2005 calculated from data in this paper

Turdus mandarinus Chinese Blackbird N M 1 120 China Specimen Carnegie Museum split from Turdus merula, Clements 2015

Turdus pallidus Pale Thrush B U 86 70.4 6.5 W Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Turdus chrysolaus Brown-headed Thrush N B 55 65.2 8 W Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Turdus atrogularis Black-throated Thrush N M 1 106 Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 2 90.8 Turdus pilaris Fieldfare B B 6200 100 83 120 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Turdus viscivorus Mistle Thrush B B 124 114 95 139 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Turdus rufiventris Rufous-bellied Thrush B M 15 68.4 4.2 61 75 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017 F 15 73.9 5 64 80 Turdus albicollis White-necked Thrush B U 23 64.7 2 54 78 Brazil Bugoni et al. 2002

Turdus maculirostris Ecuadorian Thrush N U 6 69.6 southern Ecuador Williams & Tobias 1993 lumped by Clements 2008

Turdus sanchezorum Varzea Thrush N U 1 68 Brazil Guilherme 2013

Chlamydochaera jefferyi Fruit-hunter N F 2 65.1 Borneo Mitchell et al. 2017 Brachypteryx major White-bellied Shortwing N B 10 22.9 1.2 21.5 24.5 India Specimens Smithsonian

Family Bernieridae Randia pseudozosterops Rand's Warbler N U 1 12 Madagascar Specimens FMNH

Family Cisticolidae Cisticola aberrans Rock-loving Cisticola B U 85 13.3 13.2 13.7 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Cisticola angusticauda Tabora Cisticola N B 11 8.1 6 11 Tanzania Specimens Yale Peabody Museum

Cisticola galactotes suahelicus Winding Cisticola B M 2 16 16 16 Tanzania Specimens Yale Peabody Museum F 3 12.5 11 13.5 Cisticola galactotes lulubris Rufous-winged (Ethiopian Cisticola)B M 2 14 14 14 Ethiopia Urban et al. 1997

Cisticola galactotes haematocephalusCoastal Cisticola B F 1 10 Urban et al. 1997

Cisticola juncidis Zitting Cisticola B U 36 8.4 1.2 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Cisticola eximius Black-necked Cisticola N U 11 13 P. Ryan, unpublished data source now del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Cisticola ayresii Wing-snapping Cisticola B M 4 9.6 8.3 11.3 Congo Urban et al. 1997 F 4 9 8.5 9.5 Prinia burnesii Rufous-vented Prinia N U 19 mass approximate del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Prinia cinerascens Swamp Prinia N U 19 mass approximate del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Prinia cinereocapilla Gray-crowned Prinia N U 6 8.5 del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Prinia familiaris Bar-winged Prinia N U 8 10 del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Prinia flaviventris Yellow-bellied Prinia B U 131 7.6 0.8 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Prinia inornata Plain Prinia N U 243 8.3 0.8 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Prinia fluviatilis River Prinia N U 8 del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Apalis lynesi Namuli Apalis B B 4 11.4 Mozambique Ryan et al. 1999 HBW splits

Apalis flavigularis Yellow-throated Apalis B M 1 11.3 del Hoyo et al. volume 11 HBW splits F 1 10.8 Apalis chariessa White-winged Apalis N F 1 8 immature; Uganda Specimen Royal Ontario Museum

Apalis fuscigularis Taiti Apalis N U 10 12 del Hoyo et al. volume 11 HBW splits

Micromacronus leytensis Leyte Plumed-Warbler N F 1 5.5 Philippines Specimens Yale Peabody Museum also known as Visayan Miniature Babbler

Camaroptera brevicaudata Gray-backed Camaroptera N U 60 10.2 7.9 12.8 Hockey et al. 2005

Camaroptera harterti Hartert's Camaroptera N U 10 12 del Hoyo et al. volume 11 HBW splits

Camaroptera stierlingi Stierling's Wren-warbler B B 5 13.1 12.3 14 Hockey et al. 2005 HBW splits

Calamonastes simplex Gray Wren-Warbler N U 12 del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Family Sylviidae Myzornis pyrrhoura Fire-tailed Myzornis B M China Liang et al. 2017 formerly in Timaliidae F 5 11.4 10.5 12.1 Tesia olivea olivea Slaty-bellied Tesia B U 5 7.7 6 8.5 India Renner et al. 2008

Tesia olivea chiangmaiensis Slaty-bellied Tesia B U 1 8.5 Vietnam Renner et al. 2008

Tesia cyaniventer Gray-bellied Tesia B B 12 8.8 6.6 12 Ali & Ripley 1983, specimens Univ. Kansas

Urosphena subulata Timor Stubtail N U 8 10.3 8.5 12 Wetar, Indonesia; Timor Trainor & Hampton unpublished Trainor et al. 2009 Urosphena squameiceps Asian Stubtail B U 96 8.9 7.4 11.4 Hong Kong Kennerley & Pearson 2010

Urosphena whiteheadi Bornean Stubtail N F 1 9.5 Sabah, Malaysia Specimens Univ. Kansas

Cettia canturians Manchurian Bush-Warbler N U 161 16.2 4.5 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Cettia pallidiceps Pale-footed Bush-Warbler N U 11 8.8 7.9 10.8 Hong Kong; Thailand Kennerley & Pearson 2010

Cettia diphone riukiuensis Japanese Bush-Warbler B M 65 16 14 19.7 Ryukyu Islands Kennerley & Pearson 2010 F 52 11 9.5 12.3 Cettia diphone restricta Japanese Bush-Warbler B M 39 17.9 15 20.9 Ryukyu Islands Kennerley & Pearson 2010 F 10 11.9 10 13.9 Cettia parens Shade Bush-Warbler N M 3 18.8 18.5 19 Solomon Islands LeCroy & Barker 2006 F 2 14 14 14 Cettia haddeni Odedi N U 2 24.5 25 Bougainville Island LeCroy & Barker 2006

Horornis annae Palau Bush-Warbler N M 3 21 19.2 22.5 Palau Island Specimens Univ. Kansas formerly Cettia annae F 2 16 15 17 Cettia carolinae Tanimbar Bush-Warbler N M 4 19.5 18.6 20.6 LeCroy & Barker 2006 F 3 14.3 13.5 15 Cettia fortipes Brownish-flanked Bush-Warbler B U 73 7.4 6.9 9.4 Hong Kong Kennerley & Pearson 2010

Cettia major Chestnut-crowned Bush-Warbler N U 1 12.6 Thailand Kennerley & Pearson 2010

Nesillas mariae Moheli Brush-Warbler B U 8 15.6 14 17 Kennerley & Pearson 2010

Bradypterus sylvaticus Knysna Scrub-Warbler N U 1 21 Hockey et al. 2005

Bradypterus major Long-billed Bush-Warbler N U 13 mass approximate del Hoyo et al. volume 11 Bradypterus davidi Siberian Bush-warbler N U 10 mass approximate del Hoyo et al. volume 11 split in HBW - might check Dement'ev

Bradypterus timorensis Timor Bush-Warbler N U 11 mass approximate del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Bradypterus mandelli Russet Bush-Warbler N U 10 mass approximate del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Bradypterus montis Javan Bush-Warbler N U 14 mass approximate del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Bradypterus alishanensis Taiwan Bush-Warbler N U 10 mass approximate del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Bradypterus accentor Friendly Bush-Warbler N U 14 mass approximate del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Locustella lanceolata Lanceolated Warbler B U 19 10.3 9.1 11.9 Thailand Kennerley & Pearson 2010

Locustella lanceolata Lanceolated Warbler B U 30 11.5 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Locustella naevia Common Grasshopper-Warbler B B 2018 13.8 12 15.8 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Locustella naevia Common Grasshopper-Warbler B U 293 13.1 1 F Great Britain Bayly & Rumsey 2007 formerly Grasshopper Warbler

Locustella ochotensis Middendorff's Warbler B U 34 18.5 2.8 M Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Locustella pleskei Pleske's Warbler N U 16 24 del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Locustella fluviatilis Eurasian River Warbler B B 500 16.1 1.1 13.3 21.2 W Kenya Cramp et al. 1992

Locustella fluviatilis Eurasian River Warbler B B 521 18.8 16 21.9 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Acrocephalus melanopogon Moustached Warbler B U 115 11.4 9.5 14.3 Austria Kennerley & Pearson 2010 melanopogon Acrocephalus melanopogon Moustached Warbler B U 600 10.7 7.9 14.6 F Kazakhstan Kennerley & Pearson 2010 mimicus Acrocephalus paludicola Aquatic Warbler B M 66 12.6 11 15.2 B Poland Dyrcz 1993 F 83 12.1 10.2 13.5 Acrocephalus schoenobaenus Sedge Warbler B U #### 11.9 10.3 14.3 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Acrocephalus sorghophilus Streaked Reed-Warbler B U 9 8.1 7.2 9.1 Philippines Kennerley & Pearson 2010

Acrocephalus bistrigiceps Black-browed Reed-Warbler B U 1681 9.5 6.9 15 Hong Kong Kennerley & Pearson 2010

Acrocephalus tangorum Manchurian Reed-Warbler N B 61 7.9 0.7 6.8 9.2 Sp Thailand Round & Rumsey 2003

Acrocephalus agricola Paddyfield Warbler B U 26 10.5 Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Acrocephalus concinens Blunt-winged Warbler B U 43 8.3 7.4 9.3 M Thailand Kennerley & Pearson 2010

Acrocephalus scirpaceus Eurasian Reed-Warbler B M 1511 12.2 10.8 14 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 1323 12.5 16.1 Acrocephalus dumetorum Blyth's Reed-Warbler B M 1710 12.2 11 13.7 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 198 12.8 10.6 16.1 Acrocephalus palustris Marsh Warbler B M 1488 13 11.5 14.8 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 270 13.3 11.2 16.5 Acrocephalus arundinaceus Great Reed-Warbler B B 313 32.6 26.3 41.7 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Acrocephalus arundinaceus Great Reed-Warbler B U 384 27.8 4.3 W Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Acrocephalus orientalis Oriental Reed-Warbler B B 13 23.5 2.1 20.7 26 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Acrocephalus orinus Large-billed Reed-Warbler N U 2 10 9.5 10.6 Thailand Round et al. 2007Kennerley & Pearson 2010

Acrocephalus yamashinae Pagan Reed-Warbler N B 9 26.3 24 28 Pagan Island Reichel unpublished data split from A. luscinius based on Cibois et al. 2011

Acrocephalus rehsei Nauru Reed-Warbler N U 1 18.5 Nauru Specimens Harvard Mus. Comp. Zool.

Acrocephalus hiwae Saipan Reed-Warbler N M 9 35.6 33.5 38 Saipan Reichel unpublished data split from A. luscinius based on Cibois et al. 2011 Radley et al. 2011 Acrocephalus atyphus Tuamotu Reed-Warbler N B 7 29.1 26 33 Tuamotu Lacan & Mougin 1974

Acrocephalus caffer Tahiti Reed-Warbler N M 8 43.6 1 42.5 45 Tahiti Cibois & Thibault, unpublished

Acrocephalus atyphus Tuamotu Reed-Warbler B M 17 30.5 1.7 27 34.5 Ana'a, Tuamotu Cibois & Thibault, unpublished F 1 24.5 Acrocephalus atyphus Tuamotu Reed-Warbler B M 18 33 1.9 29 35.5 Fa'aite, Tuamotu Cibois & Thibault, unpublished F 1 29 Acrocephalus atyphus Tuamotu Reed-Warbler B M 20 33 1.1 30.5 35 Hao, Tuamotu Cibois & Thibault, unpublished F 1 39 Acrocephalus atyphus Tuamotu Reed-Warbler B M 7 30.2 1.3 28.5 32.5 Manihi, Tuamotu Cibois & Thibault, unpublished F 1 27.5 Acrocephalus atyphus Tuamotu Reed-Warbler B M 16 32.6 2 29 35.5 Mataiva, Tuamotu Cibois & Thibault, unpublished

Acrocephalus atyphus Tuamotu Reed-Warbler B M 10 32.6 1.7 29 34.5 Napuka, Tuamotu Cibois & Thibault, unpublished

Acrocephalus atyphus Tuamotu Reed-Warbler B M 3 32.3 32 32.5 Tahanea, Tuamotu Cibois & Thibault, unpublished

Acrocephalus atyphus Tuamotu Reed-Warbler B M 19 32 1,2 30.5 35 Takapoto, Tuamotu Cibois & Thibault, unpublished F 2 27.8 26 29.5 Acrocephalus atyphus Tuamotu Reed-Warbler B B 14 27.5 1.8 25 30 Tikehau, Tuamotu Cibois & Thibault, unpublished

Acrocephalus atyphus eremus Tuamotu Reed-Warbler B M 20 32.2 1.6 30 36 Makatea, Tuamotu Cibois & Thibault, unpublished

Acrocephalus atyphus niauensis Tuamotu Reed-Warbler B M 20 26.6 1.2 24 28.5 Niau, Tuamotu Cibois & Thibault, unpublished F 1 25 Acrocephalus rimitarae Rimitara Reed-Warbler B B 16 26.1 1.7 23 29 Rimitara Island Cibois & Thibault, unpublished

Acrocephalus mendanae Southern Marquesan Warbler N M 17 39.8 1.4 37.5 43 Hiva Oa, Marquesas Is. Cibois & Thibault, unpublished mendanae F 1 34.5 Acrocephalus mendanae Southern Marquesan Warbler N M 16 39 1.9 36 43 Tahuata, Marquesas Is. Cibois & Thibault, unpublished mendanae Acrocephalus mendanae Southern Marquesan Warbler N M 2 35.8 35.5 36 Mohotani, Marquesas Is. Cibois & Thibault, unpublished consobrinus Acrocephalus mendanae dido Southern Marquesan Warbler N M 18 34 2.2 30.5 38 Ua Pou, Marquesas Is. Cibois & Thibault, unpublished F 1 29.5 Acrocephalus mendanae i-dae Southern Marquesan Warbler N M 9 31.8 1.7 29.5 34.5 Ua Huka, Marquesas Is. Cibois & Thibault, unpublished no hyphen in species name F 1 25.5 Acrocephalus mendanae Southern Marquesan Warbler N M 20 42.2 2 38 46.5 Fatu Iva, Marquesas Is. Cibois & Thibault, unpublished fatuhivae F 1 33.5 Acrocephalus percernis Northern Marquesan Warbler N M 14 37.1 2.4 33 41 Nuku Hiva, Marquesas Is. Cibois & Thibault, unpublished percernis F 3 34 33.5 34.5 Acrocephalus percernis Northern Marquesan Warbler N M 2 30.2 29.5 31 Hatuta'a, Marquesas Is. Cibois & Thibault, unpublished postremus Acrocephalus percernis Northern Marquesan Warbler N M 10 31.2 2.6 27 35.5 Eiao, Marquesas Islands Cibois & Thibault, unpublished aquilonis Acrocephalus gracilirostris Lesser Swamp-Warbler B M 74 16.1 12.9 20.2 Hockey et al. 2005 F 50 14.2 11.3 17 Acrocephalus rodericanus Rodrigues Brush-Warbler B U 7 12.1 11 13 Rodrigues Island Kennerley & Pearson 2010

Hippolais opaca Isabelline Warbler N U 9 17 del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Hippolais caligata Booted Warbler B U 69 8.9 7.5 10.7 Kazakhstan Kennerley & Pearson 2010

Hippolais rama Sykes's Warbler B U 22 9.1 8.3 10.3 Kazakhstan Kennerley & Pearson 2010

Hippolais icterina Icterine Warbler B M 125 13.5 12.2 15.3 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 106 14.2 12.2 17.3 Chloropeta gracilirostris Papyrus Yellow Warbler B U 62 10.6 9.6 12.5 Kenya Kennerley & Pearson 2010

Orthotomus cuculatus Mountain Tailorbird B B 8 5.8 4.8 7.1 India; Malaysia; China Medway 1972, Ali & Ripley 1983 Specimens Univ. Kansas Orthotomus chloronotus Green-backed Tailorbird E M 15 8.1 6.8 8.7 Philippines Rand & Rabor 1960 split from Orthotomus atrogularis by Clements 2013 F 13 7.3 6.2 8.2 Orthotomus atrogularis Dark-necked Tailorbird N M 4 7.8 7.1 8.1 Sabah, Malaysia Specimens West. Found. Vert. Zool. F 5 6.7 6.4 7 Orthotomus chaktomuk Cambodian Tailorbird N B 5 7.1 6 8 Cambodia Mahood et al. 2013

Orthotomus sericeus Rufous-tailed Tailorbird B U 22 8 12 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007

Orthotomus ruficeps Ashy Tailorbird N U 23 7 9.8 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007

Eremomela pusilla Senegal Eremomela B U 70 7 6.9 7.4 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Phylloscopus trochilus Willow Warbler B M #### 9.4 8.2 10.8 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F #### 8.4 7.3 10.2 Phylloscopus collybita Common Chiffchaff B M 191 8.2 7.1 9.4 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 77 7.5 6.4 9 Phylloscopus canariensis Canary Island Chiffchaff N U 38 7.1 0.6 6.1 8.5 Canary Islands Illera, unpubl. Data

Phylloscopus ibericus Iberian Chiffchaff N U 7.7 Price et al. 1997 name change in HBW Phylloscopus sibilatrix Wood Warbler B U 1434 9.8 8.4 11.3 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Phylloscopus occisinensis Alpine Leaf-Warbler N U 7 estimated del Hoyo et al. 2013

Phylloscopus proregulus Pallas's Leaf-Warbler B U 99 5.4 4.5 6.6 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Phylloscopus forresti Sichuan Leaf Warbler N F 1 4 Yunnan, China Specimens California Academy Science

Phylloscopus yunnanensis Chinese Leaf-Warbler N U 2 4.9 3.5 6.3 China Alstrom et al. 1992 name change in HBW Specimens Univ. Kansas Phylloscopus examinandus Kamchatka Leaf Warbler N U 1 9.5 Aleutian Is., USA Specimen Univ. Alaska Museum split from Phylloscopus borealis by AOU 2014

Phylloscopus xanthodryas Japanese Leaf Warbler N M 2 10 10 10 Aleutian Is., USA Specimen Univ. Alaska Museum Specimen MVZ, Berkeley Phylloscopus trochiloides Greenish Warbler B U 163 7.2 6.3 8 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Phylloscopus nitidus Green Leaf-warbler B M 28 8.6 8 11 Hopei, China Shaw 1936 HBW splits F 17 8 6 10 Phylloscopus plumbeitarsus Two-barred Warbler B U 8.6 Price et al. 1997 HBW splits

Phylloscopus tenellipes Pale-legged Leaf-Warbler B B 18 8.3 1 6.5 10.1 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Phylloscopus reguloides Blyth's Leaf-Warbler B B 22 6.8 0.8 5.6 8.3 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Phylloscopus claudiae Claudia's Leaf-Warbler N B 8.7 7.5 10 Ali & Ripley 1973

Phylloscopus goodsoni Hartert's Leaf Warbler N B 10 7.4 0.6 5.8 8 China; Vietnam Specimens Univ. Kansas

Phylloscopus davisoni White-tailed Leaf-Warbler B U 10 6.4 5.7 8.1 Thailand; China Melville & Round 1984 Specimens Univ. Kansas Phylloscopus ogilviegranti Kloss's Leaf Warbler N B 7 6.1 5.3 6.5 Vietnam Specimens Univ. Kansas

Phylloscopus ricketti Sulphur-breasted Warbler N B 9 6.3 5.5 7 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Phylloscopus sarasinorum Sulawesi Leaf-Warbler N U 1 10 Sulawesi, Indonesia Riley & Mole 2001

Seicercus tephrocephalus Grey-crowned Warbler N B 5 6.4 6 7.2 China; Cambodia Specimens Univ. Kansas Eames et al. 2002 Seicercus omeiensis Marten's Warbler N B 15 6.7 0.6 6 7.6 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Seicercus whistleri Whistler's Warbler N B 6 7.5 7.2 8 Nepal Specimens Yale Peabody Museum

Seicercus valentini Bianchi's Warbler N M 1 8.1 China Specimens Univ. Kansas F 1 5.6 Seicercus soror Alström's Warbler N B 8 7.7 6.6 9.5 China; Thai-Malay PeninsulaWells 2007, Specimen Univ. Kansas species id "provisional"

Seicercus affinis White-spectacled Warbler B U 6 7 6 8 China; India Ali & Ripley 1983 Specimens Univ. Kansas Seicercus poliogenys Gray-cheeked Warbler B B 7 6 5 7 Ali & Ripley 1983 Specimens Univ. Kansas Seicercus castaniceps Chestnut-crowned Warbler B B 9 5 4 6 China; India Ali & Ripley 1983 Specimens Univ. Kansas Seicercus grammiceps Sunda Warbler N U 5 estimated del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Seicercus albogularis Rufous-faced Warbler N U 46 5.9 0.8 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Abroscopus superciliaris Yellow-bellied Warbler B M 25 7.2 8.1 9.3 Malaysia Wells 2007 F 7 6.1 7.4 8.5 Megalurus pryeri Marsh Grassbird N M 4 12.4 12 12.9 ne China Feng and Qiang 2006 F 1 10.2 Megalurus albolimbatus Fly River Grassbird N U 14 mass approximate del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Buettikoferella bivittata Buff-banded Bushbird N U 30 mass approximate del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Megalurulus macrurus Papuan Grassbird N U 40 mass approximate del Hoyo et al. volume 11 might be in Megalurus

Trichocichla rufa Long-legged Warbler N U 24 mass approximate del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Chaetornis striatus Bristled Grassbird N U 28 35 del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Schoenicola platyura Broad-tailed Grassbird N U 20 mass approximate del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Sylvia atriceps Ruwenzori Hill-babbler N U 17 23 del Hoyo et al. 2007 vol 12 formerly Pseudoalcippe atriceps

Sylvia dohrni Dohrn's Thrush-Babbler N U 17 22 Fry et al. 2000 formerly Horizorhinus dohrni, in Timaliidae

Sylvia buryi Yemen Warbler N U 22 del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Sylvia atricapilla Blackcap B M 2885 18.7 15.5 22.5 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 2562 19 15.6 22.8 Sylvia borin Garden Warbler B M 692 18.3 16.1 21.3 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 1545 19.2 16.3 23.4 Sylvia communis Greater Whitethroat B M 1607 14.1 12.4 16.4 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 1203 15.5 13 18.8 Sylvia boehmi Banded Warbler N U 39 13.7 1 Kenya Schaefer et al. 2004 formerly Parisoma boehmi

Sylvia minula Desert Lesser Whitethroat N B 2 10.3 10 10.6 Mongolia Specimens Univ. Kansas

Sylvia curruca Lesser Whitethroat B M 266 11.9 10.7 13.7 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 381 12.1 10.5 14.4 Sylvia atricapilla atlantis Blackcap B B 25 18.7 16 22 Azores Ramos 1998

Sylvia crassirostris Eastern Orphean Warbler N B 18 23 20 27 M Iran, Pakistan, Kazakhstan Ali & Ripley volume 6

Sylvia inornata iberiae Western Subalpine Warbler B U 150 9.8 1 7.3 13.2 B France Cramp et al. 1992 split from Sylvia cantillans by Svensson 2013, ssp name proposed there also

Sylvia inornata Western Subalpine Warbler B U 328 9.6 7 13.2 F Senegal Shirihai et al. 2001 split from Sylvia cantillans by Svensson 2013

Sylvia cantillans albistriata Eastern Subalpine Warbler N B 13 10 8.9 12 Sp Cyprus Cramp et al. 1992 split three ways by Svensson 2013

Sylvia balearica Balearic Warbler N U 5.9 9.2 del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Family Polioptilidae Polioptila albiventris albiventris Yucatan Gnatcatcher E B 9 5.6 5 6.2 Yucatan, Mexico Paynter 1955 split from Polioptila albiloris, AOS 2019

Polioptila albiventris vanrossemi Yucatan Gnatcatcher E B 6 7 6.5 8.1 Yucatan, Mexico Paynter 1955

Polioptila facilis Rio Negro Gnatcatcher B M 3 5.9 5.5 6.5 Whitney & Alvarez A. 2005 HBW splits

Polioptila paraensis Para Gnatcatcher B U 2 5.8 5.8 5.9 Whitney & Alvarez A. 2005 HBW splits

Polioptila attenboroughi Inambari Gnatcatcher N M 1 6 Amazonas, Brazil Whittaker et al. 2013 described in del Hoyo et al. 2013

Polioptila lactea Creamy-bellied Gnatcatcher B U 8 6.4 Argentina; Brazil; ParaguayDarrieu & Camperi 1993, Belton 1985 Foster & Johnson 2017

Family Muscicapidae Rhinomyias brunneatus Brown-chested Jungle-Flycatcher N B 5 18 17 19 Malaysia; China Yap, unpubl., Specimens Univ. Kansas

Vauriella albigularis Negros Jungle-Flycatcher N B 2 25.5 25 26 Antique, Philippines Specimens Kansas University formerly Rhinomyias albigularis

Muscicapa boehmi Boehm's Flycatcher N M 1 13 Tanzania Specimens Carnegie Museum Nat Hist

Muscicapa lendu Chapins' Flycatcher N M 1 18 Uganda Specimens Carnegie Museum Nat Hist

Muscicapa striata Spotted Flycatcher B M 281 15.9 13.9 18.4 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 213 17.1 14.2 22.1 Muscicapa sodhi Sulawesi Streaked Flycatcher N U 2 12.2 12 12.5 Sulawesi, Indonesia Putra, et al. 2014 newly described species, Clements 2015

Muscicapa griseisticta Gray-streaked Flycatcher B B 12 15.5 10.9 17.4 Philippines; China Goodman & Gonzales 1990, Rand & Rabor 1960, specimens Univ. Kansas Muscicapa dauurica Asian Brown Flycatcher B B 12 10.3 1.2 7.5 12.2 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Muscicapa muttui Brown-breasted Flycatcher B U 13 11.3 1.5 9 14 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Muscicapa ferruginea Ferruginous Flycatcher B U 22 9 13.5 F Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007

Cercotrichas barbata Miombo Scrub-Robin N F 1 25.2 Zambia Specimens Univ Michigan Museum

Ficedula disposita Furtive Flycatcher N M 1 10.5 Philippines Specimens Kansas University

Ficedula bonthaina Lompobattang Flycatcher N B 2 10.7 Philippines Specimens University Alaska

Ficedula hypoleuca European Pied Flycatcher B M 8154 12.5 11.1 14 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F #### 14.2 11.4 17 Ficedula hypoleuca iberiae European Pied Flycatcher B M 94 12 0.5 10.7 13.2 Spain Potti et al. 2016 F 96 12.5 0.6 11.3 13.8 Ficedula speculigera Atlas Flycatcher N M 24 12.2 0.6 11.2 13.3 Morocco Potti et al. 2016 F 19 12.6 0.7 11.8 14.3 Ficedula zanthopygia Korean Flycatcher B B 18 12.4 1.2 10 15 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Ficedula narcissina Narcissus Flycatcher B M 3 11 11.5 W Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007

Ficedula elisae Green-backed Flycatcher B B 103 13.1 11 15 Hopei, China Shaw 1936 split from Ficedula narcissina by Clements 2014

Ficedula parva Red-breasted Flycatcher B U 569 9.5 0.7 F Russia Chernetsov et al. 2007

Ficedula parva Red-breasted Flycatcher B U 341 9.8 8.6 11.2 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Ficedula hyperythra Snowy-breasted Flycatcher B U 61 8.5 0.8 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Ficedula luzoniensis Bundok Flycatcher N M 10 10.1 1.4 8.4 13.7 Philippines Specimens Univ. Kansas split from Ficedula hyperythra Clements2015 F 11 10.6 1.5 8.5 13 Ficedula solitaris Rufous-browed Flycatcher N B 4 13.1 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007

Ficedula buruensis Cinnamon-chested Flycatcher N U 4 15.2 13.5 18 Moluccas Stresemann 1914a, 1914b bigger sample Isherwood et al. 1997 Niltava macgrigoriae Small Niltava B B 19 11.4 1 9.5 13 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Niltava davidi Fujian Niltava N B 17 23.8 2.6 18.8 29.5 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Niltava sumatrana Rufous-vented Niltava N U 17 24 Wells 2007

Niltava vivida Vivid Niltava B U 2 22.4 21.6 23.3 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Cyornis concretus White-tailed Flycatcher N B 4 27.9 25 30.4 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007

Cyornis poliogenys Pale-chinned Blue-Flycatcher N F 1 16.4 Myanmar Specimen of California Academy Science

Cyornis superbus Bornean Blue-Flycatcher N M 1 17.9 Sabah, Malaysia Specimens Kansas University F 1 13.6 Cyornis hyacinthinus Timor Blue-Flycatcher N U 4 25.4 23 28.6 Wetar, Indonesia; Timor Trainor & Hampton unpubl Trainor et al. 2009 Cyornis hainanus Hainan Blue-Flycatcher N B 17 14.3 1.2 11.8 17 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Cyornis unicolor Pale Blue-Flycatcher B B 6 18.6 21 21.1 Ali & Ripley 1983, Wells 2007

Cyornis banyumas Hill Blue-Flycatcher B B 19 15.5 2.3 11.3 19.6 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Cyornis caerulatus Long-billed Blue-Flycatcher N M 3 17.3 16 19.5 Sumatra Hua et al. 2011

Cyornis lemprieri Palawan Blue-Flycatcher N U 21 22 del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Cyanoptila cumatilis Zappey's Flycatcher N M 1 22 China Specimen Kansas University split from Cyanoptila cyanomelana by Clements 2014 Eumyias indigo Indigo Flycatcher N F 1 15.1 Sabah, Malaysia Specimens Kansas University

Culicicapa ceylonensis Gray-headed Canary-Flycatcher B B 31 7.7 0.7 6.3 9.1 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Stiphrornis pyrrholaemus Olive-backed Forest-Robin N U 16 20.5 del Hoyo et al. 2013 split from S. erythrothorax by del Hoyo et al. 2013

Erithacus rubecula European Robin B M 981 16.4 14.3 18.8 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 827 17.1 14.1 22.5 Erithacus rubecula European Robin B U 217 15.1 0.5 F Russia Chernetsov et al. 2007

Erithacus akahige Japanese Robin B U 23 Amano & Yamaura 2007

Luscinia sibilans Rufous-tailed Robin B B 9 16.6 14 20 China Shaw 1936; Shaw 1938 Specimens Univ. Kansas Luscinia luscinia Thrush Nightingale B M 1247 25.8 22.4 29.1 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 362 25.3 21.5 33.2 Luscinia calliope Siberian Rubythroat B U 161 22.4 2.8 W Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Luscinia svecica svecica Bluethroat B M #### 17 15.1 19.5 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 5309 16.4 14.5 19 Luscinia obscura Black-throated Blue Robin N M 1 14 Shaanxi, China Song et al. 2013

Tarsiger cyanurus Red-flanked Bluetail B U 109 13.3 12.2 14.3 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Tarsiger rufilatus Himalayan Bluetail E U 11 2.8 11 14 B Ali & Ripley 1983 split from T. cyanurus, Clements 2009

Tarsiger indicus White-browed Blue-Robin B U 26 14.1 1 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Tarsiger johnstoniae Collared Blue-Robin N U 163 14.5 1 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Cossyphicula roberti White-bellied Robin-Chat N 7 16.2 15 18.1 Cameroon, Uganda Specimens Carnegie Museum Nat Hist F 1 13 Equitorial Guinea Specimens Kansas University Cossypha niveicapilla Snowy-crowned Robin-Chat B U 176 36.3 34 37.2 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Cichladusa ruficauda Rufous-tailed Palm-Thrush B M 13 30.6 26 37 Hockey et al. 2005 F 10 28.3 22 32 Cercotrichas coryphaeus Karoo Scrub-Robin B U 18 20 17.5 23.5 Hockey et al. 2005

Namibornis herero Herero Chat B B 11 25.6 23 30.7 Hockey et al. 2005

Copsychus malabaricus stricklandiiWhite-crowned Shama N M 1 36.5 Sabah, Malaysia Specimens Kansas University

Copsychus superciliaris Visayan Shama N M 1 26 Philippines Specimens Kansas University split from C. luzoniensis by Clements 2012

Copsychus mindanensis Philippine Magpie-Robin N B 6 32.9 30.5 36.7 Philippines Specimens FMNH

Copsychus luzoniensis White-browed Shama N U 4 24 22.8 25.3 Philippines Goodman & Gonzales 1990 Gomez et al. 2009 Phoenicurus ochruros Black Redstart B U 53 15.4 13.5 18.4 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Cinclidium leucurum White-tailed Robin B U 90 25.1 1.9 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Enicurus scouleri Little Forktail B M 3 17.2 16.1 18.6 India; China Ali & Ripley 1983 F 4 14.3 12 16 Specimens Univ. Kansas Enicurus ruficapillus Chestnut-naped Forktail N M 21 25.8 37.9 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007 F 16 24.8 33 Enicurus schistaceus Slaty-backed Forktail B B 16 28.2 3.3 22.4 33 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Enicurus leschenaulti White-crowned Forktail B B 12 43 3.5 34.5 52 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Saxicola rubretra Whinchat B M 1446 15.9 14 18.3 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 split again by Clements 2012 (formerly lumped in 2008) F 980 16.1 13.5 20.3 Saxicola rubicola European Stonechat E U 50 15.3 1.4 13 19 W Malta Cramp et al. 1993 split again by Clements 2012 (formerly lumped in 2008)

Saxicola maurus indicus Siberian Stonechat E U 17 11.2 8 16 India Ali & Ripley 1983 split again by Clements 2012

Saxicola maurus maurus Siberian Stonechat E B 29 12.6 11 15 India Ali & Ripley 1983 split again by Clements 2012

Saxicola maurus stejnegeri Stonechat B U 9 15.4 15 16 northern China Piechocki 1958 split again by Clements 2012

Saxicola torquatus axillaris Stonechat N U 13 15.5 13 20 Keith et al. 1992 split again by Clements 2012

Saxicola torquatus torquatus Stonechat N U 7 15.2 13 17.1 Keith et al. 1992 split again by Clements 2012

Saxicola sibillus Malagasy Stonechat N M 18 15.6 0.2 13.3 17.4 Madagascar Woog et al. 2008 F 6 16.5 0.6 14 18.1 Oenanthe phillipsi Somali Wheatear N U 19.6 estimated Kaboli, et al. 2007

Oenanthe oenanthe Northern Wheatear B M 299 23.4 19.1 26.8 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 234 22.8 18.8 27.3 Cercomela sinuata Sickle-winged Chat B B 27 20.7 17.2 24 Hockey et al. 2005

Cercomela familiaris Familiar Chat B U 117 16.9 15.6 17.4 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Oenanthe lugubris Abyssinian Wheatear N B 6 22 28 Tanzania Specimens Yale Peabody Museum split from Oenanthe lugens by Clements 2014

Myrmecocichla formicivora Southern Anteater-Chat B M 31 49.4 41.5 60.8 Hockey et al. 2005 F 24 45.8 40.5 59 Myrmecocichla arnotti White-headed Black-Chat N M 3 42.1 40.1 44 Hockey et al. 2005 F 3 37.2 35.2 38.9 Myrmecocichla collaris Ruaha Chat N B 4 28.5 20 32.5 Tanzania Glen et al. 2011

Thamnolaea cinnamomeiventris Mocking Cliff-Chat B U 63 39.4 39 45.6 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Pinarornis plumosus Boulder Chat B M 6 69.3 58.5 74 Hockey et al. 2005 F 8 57.2 47.4 60.5 Family Platysteiridae Platysteira cyanea Brown-eyed Wattle-eye B U 94 13.8 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Platysteira hormophora West African Wattle-eye N M 1 12.8 Ghana Specimens Field Museum split accepted by Clements 2013 F 1 11.7 Batis mixta Short-tailed Batis B B 91 12.1 9 15 Tanzania Fjeldsa et al. 2006

Batis crypta Dark Batis N B 113 12.8 10 15.1 Tanzania Fjeldsa et al. 2006

Batis senegalensis Senegal Batis B U 68 9.9 7.9 10.8 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Batis erlanger Western Black-headed Batis E B 4 12.5 11 14 Cameroon Louette & Prevost 1987 HBW splits

Batis minor Eastern Black-headed Batis N U 9.3 13.8 del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Family Rhipiduridae Lamprolia kleinschmidti Natewa Silktail E U 5 11.3 10 12.5 Fiji Langham 1987 split from Lamprolia victoriae, Clements 2017

Rhipidura samarensis Visayan Blue-Fantail E B 47 13.1 9.5 16.8 Philippines Rand & Rabor 1960 split from R. superciliaris by Clements 2012

Rhipidura superciliaris Mindanao Blue-Fantail N B 26 12.9 1.5 10 15.9 Mindanao, Philippines FMNH specimens formerly Blue Fantail

Rhipidura albiventris Visayan Fantail N U 6 13.2 12 16 Negros, Philippines FMNH specimens split from Rhipidura cyaniceps by Clements 2012

Rhipidura albogularis Spot-breasted Fantail N U 10 13 del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Rhipidura nigritorquis Philippine Pied-Fantail N M 7 17 15 19.7 Philippines Specimens FMNH split accepted by Clements 2013 F 9 14.2 13.1 16.2 Rhipidura hyperythra Chestnut-bellied Fantail B B 14 10.6 8.2 12.5 New Guinea Diamond 1972, Gilliard & LeCroy 1961 Specimens Univ. Kansas Rhipidura threnothorax Sooty Thicket-Fantail B B 10 15.5 1.8 12.5 18.5 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Rhipidura leucothorax White-bellied Thicket-Fantail B B 16 17.6 11 20 New Guinea Diamond 1967, 1972, Specimens Univ. Kansas Gilliard & LeCroy 1966 Rhipidura atra Black Fantail B B 23 10.8 1.4 8 13 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Rhipidura lepida Palau Fantail N B 5 11.9 10 13.5 Palau Specimens Univ. Kansas

Rhipidura rennelliana Rennell Fantail N U 14 15 del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Rhipidura personata Kandavu Fantail N F 1 11.1 Fiji Specimens Univ. Kansas

Rhipidura fuliginosa New Zealand Fantail E U 92 8 1 5.5 10 New Zealand Robertson et al. 1983 name change due to species split

Rhipidura albiscapa alisteri Gray Fantail B M 39 8.5 0.9 6.8 10.2 eastern Australia Higgins et al. 2006 species split F 30 8.1 1.1 6 11.8 Rhipidura albiscapa albiscapa Gray Fantail B M 12 8.6 0.9 7 10.5 Tasmania, Australia Higgins et al. 2006 F 5 8.7 7.4 9.9 Rhipidura nebulosa Samoan Fantail N U 4.5 7 del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Rhipidura superflua Cinnamon-backed Fantail N M 1 9 Buru, Moluccas Specimens Nat. Hist. Mus. Denmark

Rhipidura dedemi Streaky-breasted Fantail N U 7 11.7 9.5 16.5 Seram, Moluccas Stresemann 1914a bigger sample Isherwood et al. 1997 Rhipidura rufidorsa Rufous-backed Fantail B U 13 9.5 New Guinea Gilliard & LeCroy 1968, Bell 1982 Specimens Univ. Kansas Rhipidura dahli Bismarck Fantail B B 6 9.7 8.5 11 New Britain Gilliard & LeCroy 1967a Specimens Univ. Kansas Rhipidura semirubra Manus Fantail N U 8 del Hoyo et al. volume 11

Rhipidura rufifrons Rufous Fantail B B 137 8 6.8 9.5 Saipan, Mariana Islands Radley et al. 2011

Rhipidura dryas Arafura Fantail N B 18 9.2 7.2 10 Australia Higgins et al. 2006

Family Monarchidae Hypothymis azurea Black-naped Monarch B M 10 13.7 2.1 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005 F 9 11 Eutrichomyias rowleyi Cerulean Paradise-Flycatcher N U 1 19 Sangihe, Indonesia Riley & Wardill 2001

Terpsiphone paradisi paradisi Indian Paradise-Flycatcher E U 50 18.5 16 21 F India Ali & Riley 1983 formerly Asian Paradise-Flycatcher

Terpsiphone affinis Blyth's Paradise-Flycatcher N U 1 23 Brunei Specimens Yale Peabody Mus split from Terpsiphone paradisi by Clements 2015

Terpsiphone incei Amur Paradise-Flycatcher B B 36 20 16 23 Hopei, China Shaw 1936 split from Terpsiphone paradisi by Clements 2015

Terpsiphone atrocaudata Japanese Paradise-Flycatcher B B 5 17.7 Thailand; Malay Peninsula Melville & Round 1984, Wells 2007

Chasiempis sandwichensis Hawaii Elepaio B M 41 16.2 1.1 14 18.6 Hawaii, Hawaiian Islands Vanderwerf 1998 BNA split adopted by AOU in 2010 ridgwayi F 27 14.4 0.8 12.8 15.9 Chasiempis ibidis Oahu Elepaio B M 66 13.1 0.8 11.9 15.5 Oahu, Hawaiian Islands Vanderwerf 1998 BNA split adopted by AOU in 2010 F 10 12.2 1 11.1 13.8 Chasiempis sclateri Kauai Elepaio B U 13 12.9 1.1 11 15.5 Kauai, Hawaiian Islands Vanderwerf 1998 BNA split adopted by AOU in 2010

Pomarea dimidiata Rarotonga Monarch B M 20 21.4 1.2 19.1 24.2 Cook Islands Zhao et al. 2009 F 38 23 1.2 21.1 27 Clytorhynchus vitiensis powelli Samoan Shrikebill B U 77 28 4 16.4 34.5 American Samoa Inst. Bird Pop get citation

Monarcha richardsii White-capped Monarch N M 10 18.3 2 15.7 22.3 Solomon Islands Specimens Univ Kansas F 11 17.3 1.5 15.1 18.8 Specimens Mus SW Biology Monarcha erythrostictus Bougainville Monarch N M 1 28.1 Bougainville, Solomon Is. Specimens Univ. Kansas

Monarcha loricatus Black-tipped Monarch N F 3 19.5 18.5 20 Buru, Moluccas Specimens Nat. Hist. Mus. Denmark

Monarcha guttulus Spot-winged Monarch B M 18 15.8 1.3 12.5 18 New Guinea Diamond 1972 F 14 16.3 1.6 13 20 Specimens Univ. Kansas Monarcha manadensis Hooded Monarch B B 13 20.3 2.4 15.5 24.5 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas Monarcha trivirgatus Spectacled Monarch B U 23 11.4 9 14 Wetar, Indonesia Trainor et al. 2009

Arses telescophthalmus Frilled Monarch B B 21 15.4 1.7 13 18 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Arses lorealis Frill-necked Monarch B U 27 13.7 1.6 12 20.5 C. York Peninsula, AustraliaHiggins et al. 2006 HBW splits

Myiagra nana Paperback Flycatcher N U 13.5 del Hoyo et al. volume 11 check HANZAB on split

Myiagra hebetior Dull Flycatcher B B 7 19 16.5 21.5 New Britain Gilliard & LeCroy 1967a Specimens Univ. Kansas Myiagra castaneigularis Chestnut-throated Flycatcher E B 17 12.9 9.5 16 Fiji Langham 1987 split from Myiagra azureocapilla, Clements 2016

Myiagra azureocapilla Azure-crested Flycatcher N B 3 13.3 13 13.8 Fiji Specimens Univ. Kansas also known as Blue-crested Flycatcher

Family Petroicidae Amalocichla sclateriana Greater Ground-Robin N U 1 54.7 Huon Pen., New Guinea Freeman et al. 2013

Amalocichla incerta Lesser Ground-Robin B M 4 30.5 26.5 34.9 New Guinea Frith & Frith 1993, Diamond 1972 F 2 27.9 25.5 30.3 Specimens Univ. Kansas Eugerygone rubra Garnet Robin B B 14 8 6.9 8.5 Papua New Guinea Frith & Frith 1993 Specimens Univ. Kansas Petroica boodang Scarlet Robin B B 41 12.7 11.8 13.6 Victoria, Australia Higgins & Peter 2002 HBW splits from P. multicolor

Petroica boodang campbelli Scarlet Robin B B 47 12.3 11 14.5 Western Australia Higgins & Peter 2002

Petroica macrocephala Tomtit B F 28 12.7 0.7 Chatham Islands Powlesland et al. 2001 chathamensis Poecilodryas hypoleuca Black-sided Robin B B 13 18.1 2.6 14.5 21 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Poecilodryas superciliosa White-browed Robin N M 17 22 del Hoyo et al. 2007 F 15.5 17 Poecilodryas cerviniventris Buff-sided Robin B M 13 21.8 1.8 20 25.5 Australia Higgins & Peter 2002 F 10 18 1.5 15.5 20.3 Poecilodryas placens Olive-yellow Robin B B 10 24.6 4.5 18.5 31 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Peneothello bimaculatus White-rumped Robin B M 9 25.4 20.5 28 New Guinea Diamond 1972, Specimens Univ. Kansas F 2 21.5 21 22 Pachycephalopsis hattamensis Green-backed Robin B M 6 35.9 35 39 New Guinea Croxall 1977 F 5 33 31.5 34

Family Pachycephalidae Rhagologus leucostigma Mottled Whistler B B 14 24.4 3.2 19 30 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Pachycare flavogriseum lecroyae Dwarf Whistler B B 9 18.3 15.4 20.5 New Guinea Beehler & Prawiradilaga 2010

Pachycephala hypoxantha Bornean Whistler N B 19 21.1 1.8 17.5 23.5 Sabah, Malaysia Specimens West. Found. Vert Zool Pachycephala cinerea Mangrove Whistler B B 6 21.4 India; Thai-Malay PeninsulaAli & Riley 1983, Wells 2007 specific name used to be grisola

Pachycephala phaionota Island Whistler N F 2 24.8 24.5 25 New Guinea Mayr & Meyer de Sch 1939d

Pachycephala hyperythra Rusty Whistler B B 12 27 23.5 29 New Guinea Diamond 1972, Specimens Univ. Kansas

Pachycephala orpheus Fawn-breasted Whistler N U 12 15.3 13 17 Wetar, Indonesia Trainor et al. 2009

Pachycephala simplex griseiceps Gray-headed Whistler E B 20 21.8 20 24.3 New Guinea Diamond 1972 lumped by Clements 2012

Pachycephala pectoralis Golden Whistler B U 27 26.9 24 31 Wetar, Indonesia Trainor, et al. 2009

Pachycephala graeffii Golden Whistler E U 26 32.7 2.4 28.5 38 Fiji Langham 1987 split from Pachycephala pectoralis by Clements 2012

Pachycephala citreogaster Bismarck Whistler E M 4 24.4 22 26.5 New Ireland Beehler 1978 split from Pachycephala pectoralis by Clements 2012 F 4 22.2 20.4 24 Pachycephala orioloides Golden Whistler B M 18 51.7 48 56 Guadalcanal Galbraith & Galbraith 1962 split from Pachycephala pectoralis by Clements 2012 cinnamomea F 8 44.9 42 47.5 Pachycephala orioloides Golden Whistler B M 41 33.6 28 36 Solomon Islands Galbraith & Galbraith 1962 split from Pachycephala pectoralis by Clements 2012 christophori F 21 32.2 28 37.5 Pachycephala macrorhyncha Yellow-throated Whistler B U 27 26.9 24 31 Wetar, Indonesia Trainor, et al. 2009 split from Pachycephala pectoralis by Clements 2012

Pachycephala flavifrons Samoan Whistler N M 10 27.8 1.1 26 30 Samoa Specimens Univ Kansas F 11 25.6 2.1 22.7 29 Specimens West Found Vert Zool Pachycephala jacquinoti Tongan Whistler N U 33 39 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Pachycephala griseonota Drab Whistler N U 5 28.3 23 32.5 Seram, Moluccas Stresemann 1914a bigger sample Isherwood et al. 1997 Colluricincla umbrina Sooty Shrike-Thrush N U 46 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Colluricincla megarhyncha Rufous Shrike-Thrush B B 73 35.1 3.8 25 44.5 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Colluricincla sanghirensis Sangihe Shrike-Thrush N U 36 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Colluricincla tenebrosa Sooty Shrike-Thrush B M 2 37.8 37.1 38.5 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas also known as Morningbird F 1 35.2 Pitohui incertus White-bellied Pitohui N U 75 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Pitohui ferrugineus Rusty Pitohui B M 20 96.7 7.7 86.1 110 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas F 16 94.3 7.5 83 110 Pitohui cristatus Crested Pitohui B U 5 82 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Pitohui kirhocephalus Variable Pitohui B M 20 76.9 9.3 64.5 100 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas F 9 81.1 66 102 Pitohui nigrescens Black Pitohui B B 12 73.6 61 86 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Family Chaetopidae new family recognized by Clements 2009 Chaetops frenatus Rufous Rock-jumper N M 11 60.1 55 73 Hockey et al. 2005 formerly placed in Timaliidae F 9 53.8 49 64 Chaetops aurantius Orange-breasted Rock-jumper N M 7 53.2 49.5 55.5 Hockey et al. 2005 F 1 47.5

Family Timaliidae Garrulax palliatus Sunda Laughingthrush N B 7 103 94.5 115 Sabah, Malaysia Specimens, West. Found. Vert. Zoology Specimens Univ. Kansas Garrulax lugubris Black Laughingthrush N B 8 87.9 81 93.9 Sabah, Malaysia Specimens Univ. Kansas

Garrulax pectoralis Greater Necklaced LaughingthrushB B 5 136 110 156 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Garrulax strepitans White-necked Laughingthrush N U 121 142 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Garrulax maesi Gray Laughingthrush N B 4 110 86 130 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Garrulax castanotis Rufous-cheeked Laughingthrush N U 80 115 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Garrulax chinensis Black-throated Laughingthrush N M 1 94 64 113 del Hoyo et al. 2007 F 2 75.2 73 77.5 Garrulax delesserti Wynaad Laughingthrush N U 78 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Garrulax cinerascens Moustached Laughingthrush B B 11 47 2.8 43.2 51.4 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Garrulax ocellatus Spotted Laughingthrush B M 1 176 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Garrulax lunulatus Barred Laughingthrush N U 82 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Garrulax maximus Giant Laughingthrush N U 105 136 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Garrulax poecilorhynchus Rusty Laughingthrush N U 5 77.7 70 90 Taiwan; mainland China Museum of Taiwan database Specimens Univ. Kansas Garrulax berthemyi Chestnut-winged Laughingthrush N U 80 100 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Garrulax treacheri Chestnut-headed LaughingthrushN B 4 63.3 60 67.3 Borneo Specimens Smithsonian split from G. mitratus by Clements 2012

Garrulax taewanum Taiwan Hwamei N B 20 63.6 3.1 Taiwan Yao Chen-te, unpublished data

Garrulax fairbanki Kerala Laughingthrush N B 6 46.2 43 49.5 Tamil Nadu, India Specimens Smithsonian Inst. split from Garrulax jerdoni by Clements 2013

Garrulax henrici Prince Henry's Laughingthrush N F 66 Tibet Lu et al. 2008

Garrulax chrysopterum Assam Laughingthrush N U 74 92 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Garrulax melanostigma Silver-eared Laughingthrush N U 67 75 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Garrulax peninsulae Malayan Laughingthrush N U 58 72 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Garrulax formosus Red-winged Laughingthrush N U 83 106 del Hoyo et al. 2007 Garrulax milnei Red-tailed Laughingthrush N B 13 74.6 6.9 62 84 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Ianthocincla davidi Pere David's Laughingthrush N M 47 57.9 3.2 52.5 67.9 central China Liu & Sun 2018 formerly Garrulax davidi F 39 55.2 3.7 49.3 61.4 Ianthocincla ruficeps Rufous-crowned Laughingthrush N M 120 Taiwan, mass approx? Specimens Museum Vert. Zoology formerly Garrulax ruficeps

Liocichla phoenicea Red-faced Liocichla B U 5 48.5 45 52 India; China Ali & Ripley 1983 Specimens Univ. Kansas Liocichla ripponi Scarlet-faced Liocichla N U 42 53 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Trichastoma rostratum White-chested Babbler N B 27 18 24 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007

Trichastoma woodi Bagobo Babbler N M 2 38.2 37.5 39 Mindanao, Philippines Peterson et al. 2008

Pellorneum tickelli Buff-breasted Babbler B B 4 17.7 16.2 19.5 Thailand; China Melville & Round 1988 Specimens Univ. Kansas Pellorneum albiventre Spot-throated Babbler B B 8 19.4 17.8 22 India; China Ali & Ripley 1983 Specimens Univ. Kansas Pellorneum pyrrogenys Temminck's Babbler N U 2 16.6 16.2 16.9 Sabah, Malaysia; Brunei Specimens Yale Peabody Museum Specimens Univ. Kansas Malacopteron magnirostre Moustached Babbler B M 9 20.8 19.5 24.9 Borneo; Malaysia Medway 1972, Thompson 1966, Yap unpubl. F 4 18 16.8 19 Malacopteron affine Sooty-capped Babbler N M 32 15.5 21.5 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007 F 22 14.6 18.3 Pseudoalcippe atriceps Ruwenzori Hill-babbler

Megapomatorhinus erythrocnemisBlack-necklaced Scimitar-Babbler N M 1 65 Hunan, China Specimen Univ. Kansas formerly Pomatorhinus erythrocnemis

Pomatorhinus mcclellandi Spot-breasted Scimitar-Babbler N U 47 61 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Pomatorhinus gravivox Black-streaked Scimitar-Babbler N U 46 79 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Pomatorhinus ruficollis Streak-breasted Scimitar-Babbler B M 30 25.3 1.9 21.7 29 China Specimens Univ. Kansas F 21 24.8 2.1 20.6 28.5 Pomatorhinus musicus Taiwan Scimitar-Babbler N U 64 39.6 5.2 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Ptilocichla leucogrammica Bornean Wren-Babbler N U 37 42 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Ptilocichla falcata Falcated Wren-Babbler N M 1 59 Palawan, Philippines Specimens Univ. Kansas F 1 44 Napothera macrodactyla Large Wren-Babbler N U 50 40.8 44.9 60 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007

Napothera atrigularis Black-throated Wren-Babbler N U 61 71.5 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Napothera brevicaudata Streaked Wren-Babbler B B 9 27.1 24 29.6 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Robsonius rabori Rusty-headed Ground-Warbler N U 48 del Hoyo et al. 2007 formerly Napothera rabori, Rusty-headed Babbler

Robsonia sorsogonensis Gray-banded Ground-Warbler N B 5 60.7 57 65 Philippines Goodman & Gonzales 1990, FMNH specimensformerly Napothera sorsogonensis, Gray-banded Babbler Robsonia thompsoni Sierra Madre Ground-Warbler N M 1 57 Luzon, Philippines Hosner et al. 2013 F 1 63 Pnoepyga formosana Taiwan Wren-Babbler

Spelaeornis reptatus Gray-bellied Wren-Babbler N U 11 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Spelaeornis oatesi Chin Hills Wren-Babbler N F 1 13.5 Myanmar Smithsonian Inst. Specimens

Sphenocichla roberti Chevron-breasted Babbler N B 6 34.1 29.2 41 Myanmar Specimens Smithsonian Inst. formerly listed as Sphenocicha humei That species now Stachyris humei, not found in Myanmar Stachyris rufifrons Rufous-fronted Babbler N M 2 9.8 9 10.6 India; Thai-Malay PeninsulaSpecimens Smithsonian Inst., Wells 2007

Stachyris ruficeps Rufous-capped Babbler B U 260 10.5 1.3 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Stachyris pygmaeus Visayan Pygmy Babbler N U 1 6.5 Leyte, Philippines Smithsonian Inst. Specimens

Stachyris grammiceps White-breasted Babbler N U 15 12.5 0.9 10.9 15 Java, Indonesia van Balen et al. 2005

Stachyris herberti Sooty Babbler N U 29 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Stachyris nonggangensis Nonnggang Babbler N M 1 33 China Fang & Aiwu 2008 F 1 38 Stachyris poliocephala Gray-headed Babbler B M 4 24.5 23.3 25.9 Borneo; Malaysia Medway 1972, Thompson 1966, Yap, unpubl F 10 21.9 17 26 Stachyris strialata Spot-necked Babbler N B 16 27.4 2.6 23 30.5 China Specimens Univ. Kansas spelling changed from striolata

Macronus bornensis Bold-striped Tit-Babbler N U 13 19 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Macronus ptilosus Fluffy-backed Tit-Babbler N M 27 16 23.3 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007 F 17 15.5 19.6 Mixornis kelleyi Gray-faced Tit-Babbler N B 7 10.7 10 11.5 Vietnam Specimen Univ. Kansas formerly Macronus kelleyi

Micromacronus sordidus Mindanao Miniature Babbler N B 2 5.5 5 6 Mindanao, Philippines FMNH specimens

Cutia legalleni Vietnamese Cutia N M 1 56 Vietnam Specimens Univ. Kansas

Turdoides huttoni Afghan Babbler B M 2 47.5 47 48 Afghanistan; Iran Cramp et al. 1993 split from Turdoides caudata by Clements 2013 F 4 43.8 41 46 Turdoides rufescens Orange-billed Babbler N U 20 65.4 4.6 55 74 Sri Lanka Goodale & Kotagama unpublished

Turdoides affinis Yellow-billed Babbler N U 63 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Babax lanceolatus Chinese Babax N B 5 68 59.3 77.3 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Babax waddelli Giant Babax N U 142 Tibet calculated from Lu 2004

Babax koslowi Tibetan Babax N U 100 125 del Hoyo et al. 2007 Pteruthius flaviscapis White-browed Shrike-Babbler B B 5 41 34 45.5 Ali & Ripley 1983 Specimens Univ. Kansas Pteruthius aeralatus Blyth's Shrike-Babbler N F 1 38.2 India Specimens Smithsonian validirostris Pteruthius aenobarbus Chestnut-fronted Shrike-Babbler N U 11 12.5 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Actinodura morrisoniana Taiwan Barwing N U 79 32.1 2.6 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Minla ignotincta Red-tailed Minla B B 11 14 11 18 Ali & Ripley 1983 Specimens Univ. Kansas Lioiparus chrysotis Golden-breasted Fulvetta B B 11 7.1 0.6 6.3 8.5 China Specimens Univ. Kansas genus change in del hoyo

Fulvetta ruficapilla Spectacled Fulvetta N U 8 10 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Fulvetta danisi Indochinese Fulvetta N U 9 13 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Fulvetta manipurensis Streak-throated Fulvetta E M 2 10 10 10 Ali & Ripley 1983

Fulvetta cinereiceps Streak-throated Fulvetta B U 89 10.1 0.9 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Alcippe rufogularis Rufous-throated Fulvetta N B 4 13.6 12.5 14 Myanmar Smithsonian Inst. Specimens

Alcippe brunnea Dusky Fulvetta B U 20 18.7 1.1 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Alcippe dubia Rusty-capped Fulvetta N U 2 15.4 14.8 15.9 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Alcippe morrisonia Gray-cheeked Fulvetta B B 75 14 1.3 11.8 18 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Alcippe fratercula David's Fulvetta E B 30 14.8 0.7 12.8 16.5 Thailand Melville & Round 1988

Alcippe grotei Black-browed Fulvetta N M 6 13.8 12.6 14.6 Vietnam Specimens Univ. Kansas

Kupeornis gilberti White-throated Mountain-BabblerN U 64 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Heterophasia desgodinsi Black-headed Sibia N U 35 49 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Heterophasia auricularis White-eared Sibia N U 188 47.6 5.1 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Yuhina castaniceps Striated Yuhina B B 17 13.1 1.2 11.1 15.3 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Yuhina torqueola Chestnut-collared Yuhina N U 12 16 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Yuhina diademata White-collared Yuhina N M 2 18.5 17.9 19.1 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Yuhina nigrimenta Black-chinned Yuhina B B 14 10.2 1.2 8 12.4 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Erpornis zantholeuca White-bellied Yuhina B B 19 10.6 1 8.3 13 China Specimens Univ. Kansas genus changed from Yuhina by del Hoyo Family Pomatostomidae Pomatostomus isidorei New Guinea Babbler B B 14 71 6.9 55.5 79 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Family Paradoxornithidae Panurus biarmicus Bearded Reedling B M 1218 15.8 13.1 19.5 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 1024 15 12.4 18.6 Paradoxornis gularis Gray-headed Parrotbill B B 13 30.9 2.9 27 36 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Paradoxornis paradoxus Three-toed Parrotbill N U 32 38 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Paradoxornis conspicillatus Spectacled Parrotbill N U 8 9 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Paradoxornis webbianus Vinous-throated Parrotbill B U 197 10 1.1 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Paradoxornis brunneus Brown-winged Parrotbill N M 8 13 del Hoyo et al. 2007 F 6 10 Paradoxornis alphonsianus Ashy-throated Parrotbill N M 3 8.5 7.8 9.7 China Specimens Univ. Kansas F 1 5.4 Paradoxornis zappeyi Gray-hooded Parrotbill N B 3 10 B China Jiang et al. 2009

Paradoxornis verreauxi Golden Parrotbill N U 24 5.9 0.3 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Paradoxornis davidianus Short-tailed Parrotbill N U 1 8.5 Hunan, China del Hoyo et al. 2007

Paradoxornis bakeri Rufous-headed Parrotbill N B 6 33.9 30 38 India Specimens Smithsonian split from P. ruficeps by Clements 2013

Paradoxornis heudei Reed Parrotbill N M 10 23.5 del Hoyo et al. 2007 F 4 18.2

Family Orthonychidae Orthonyx novaeguineae New Guinean Logrunner N M 8 59.1 53 65 New Guinea Mayr & Meyer de Sch 1939c F 3 47.3 47 48

Family Eupetidae Eupetes macrocerus Malaysian Rail-babbler N U 3 66 72 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007

Family Psophodidae formerly in family Eupetidae Androphobus viridis Papuan Whipbird N B 2 30.5 29 32 New Guinea Ripley 1964

Family Cinclosomatidae Cinclosoma marginatum Western Quail-thrush E M 62 60.8 4.4 54 74 Australia Ford 1983 split from C. castaneothorax by Clements 2012 F 41 58.7 4.1 51 70 Cinclosoma alisteri Nullarbor Quail-thrush B M 10 54.9 50 62 Australia Higgins & Peter 2002 split from C. cinnamomeum by Clements 2012 F 6 52.7 50.7 54.5 Ptilorrhoa leucosticta Spotted Jewel-babbler B B 5 48.2 44 51 New Guinea Diamond 1969, Diamond 1972 Specimens Univ. Kansas Ptilorrhoa caerulescens Blue Jewel-babbler B B 20 53.9 6.7 41 69 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Ptilorrhoa castanonota Chestnut-backed Jewel-babbler B B 10 64.2 44 74 New Guinea Diamond 1972, Specimens Univ. Kansas

Family Aegithalidae Aegithalos caudatus Long-tailed Tit B U 6287 8.8 7.8 9.9 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Aegithalos glaucogularis Silver-throated Tit N U 6 9.3 Li et al. 2011 new species in del Hoyo

Aegithalos bonvaloti Black-browed Tit N U 7 9 de Hoyo et al. 2008 split from A. iouschistos

Family Maluridae Amytornis modestus Thick-billed Grasswren N M 2 22.4 22 22.7 N. Terr, Australia Specimens Univ Michigan Mus Zool split from Amytornis textilis, Clements 2016

Malurus assimilis assimilis Purple-backed Fairywren B B 55 7.6 5.9 10 Australia Rowley & Russell 1997 split from Malurus lamberti, Clements 2018

Malurus assimilis rogersi Purple-backed Fairywren B M 32 8.4 0.6 7.1 9.5 Western Australia Higgins et al. 2001 split from Malurus lamberti, Clements 2018 F 26 8 0.4 7.1 9.2 Malurus campbelli Campbell's Fairywren B M 3 11 10 12 Rowley & Russell 1997 split from Malurus grayi by Clements 2012 F 3 9.7 8 11

Family Acanthizidae Crateroscelis murina Rusty Mouse-Warbler B B 15 14.2 0.9 12 16 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Crateroscelis nigrorufa Bicolored Mouse-Warbler N U 2 15.9 15.3 16.5 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Crateroscelis robusta diamondi Mountain Mouse-Warbler B U 10 14.8 0.5 13.8 15.5 New Guinea Beehler & Prawiradilaga 2010

Calamanthus montanellus Western Fieldwren N U 14 del Hoyo et al. 2007

Sericornis rufescens Vogelkop Scrubwren N B 7 8.9 6.5 10.5 New Guinea Mayr & Meyer de Sch 1939c

Sericornis perspicillatus Buff-faced Scrubwren B B 11 8.2 0.8 7 9.1 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Gerygone cinerea Mountain Gerygone B B 9 7.6 7 8.5 New Guinea Diamond 1972, Gilliard & LeCroy 1968 Specimens Univ. Kansas Gerygone chrysogaster Yellow-bellied Gerygone B B 25 7.2 0.6 6.5 8.5 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Family Climacteridae Cormobates placens Papuan Treecreeper N B 3 18.8 18 20.5 New Guinea Mayr & Meyer de Sch 1939c

Family Paridae Poecile montanus Willow Tit B M 270 11.7 10 13.3 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 550 11 9.5 12.5 Poecile carolinensis Carolina Chickadee B U 144 10 0.8 8 12 Texas, USA Wood et al. 2016

Poecile cinctus Gray-headed Chickadee B B 1276 12.7 11 15 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Sittiparus owstoni Owston's Tit N B 7 25.6 24.4 27 Izu Islands, Japan Specimens Univ. Michigan Mus Zool split from Sittiparus varius, Clements 2016

Periparus ater Coal Tit B U 4029 9.4 8.2 10.7 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Pardaliparus venustulus Yellow-bellied Tit N B 12 10.4 1.8 8.6 15.5 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Lophophanes cristatus Crested Tit B M 231 11.8 10.3 12.9 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 171 11.2 10 12.5 Melaniparus niger Southern Black-Tit B B 46 21 17.2 26 Hockey et al. 2005

Melaniparus guineensis White-shouldered Black Tit N U 12.9 21 Ethiopia; Cameroon Harrap & Quinn 1995

Melaniparus fringillinus Red-throated Tit N B 6 17 16 19 Tanzania Specimens Yale Peabody Mus.

Parus major Great Tit B M #### 19.5 17.3 21.8 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F #### 18.3 16.2 20.7 Parus major bokharensis Great (Turkestan) Tit N U 16.9 18 Harrap & Quinn 1995 lumped by Clements 2013

Parus cinereus stupae Cinereous Tit N B 3 13.8 12 15 India Specimens Smithsonian split from Parus major by Clements 2013

Parus cinereus cashmirensis Cinereus Tit E U 33 15 13.2 17.1 India Ali & Ripley 1983 split from Parus major by Clements 2013

Parus minor tibetanus Japanese Tit B U 4 14 Sichuan, China McCallum et al. 2001 split from Parus major by Clements 2013

Parus minor Japanese Tit N M 1 17 Japan Specimens Smithsonian split from Parus major by Clements 2013

Parus monticolus Green-backed Tit B U 68 12.3 1 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Parus aplonotus Indian Tit N B 7 14.7 12 16.5 India Ali & Ripley, 1983, specimens Smithsoniansplit from Parus xanthogenys

Parus spilonotus Yellow-cheeked Tit B M 4 17.8 15.5 19.4 India; China Ali & Ripley 1983 Specimens Univ. Kansas Cyanistes caeruleus Blue Tit B M #### 12 10.6 13.6 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F #### 11.4 10 13.1 Cyanistes teneriffae Tenerife Tit B U 8 10.1 Canary Islands Grant 1979a

Cyanistes teneriffae ombriosus Tenerife Tit B U 6 11.6 El Hierro, Canary Islands Dietzen et al. 2008

Cyanistes teneriffae hedwigii Tenerife Tit B U 12 11.4 0.8 Gran Canaria, Canary Is. Dietzen et al. 2008

Pardaliparus venustulus Yellow-bellied Tit N B 12 10.4 1.8 8.6 15.5 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Melanochlora sultanea Sultan Tit B B 5 38.3 35 41 India; China Ali & Ripley 1983 Specimens Univ. Kansas Family Sittidae Sitta castanea Indian Nuthatch B M 1 12 India Ali & Ripley 1983

Sitta cinnamoventris Chestnut-bellied Nuthatch B M 8 17.4 20.9 Ali & Ripley 1983 Split from S. castanea F 5 19.9 20.5 Sitta europaea Eurasian Nuthatch B M 92 19.7 17.4 25.3 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 85 18.8 16.1 22.7 Sitta europaea arctica Eurasian Nuthatch B M 7 21.2 17.2 23.5 Red'kin & Konovalova 2006 F 1 19.7 Sitta europaea asiatica Eurasian Nuthatch B M 20 18.4 1.4 15.7 20.8 Red'kin & Konovalova 2006 F 9 17.5 14.5 19.6 Sitta europaea baicalensis Eurasian Nuthatch B M 18 18.7 0.8 17.5 20.7 Red'kin & Konovalova 2006 F 9 18.5 16 21 Sitta europaea sakhalinensis Eurasian Nuthatch B M 8 16.8 15.5 19 Red'kin & Konovalova 2006 F 5 15.7 10.3 18 Sitta europaea clara Eurasian Nuthatch B M 11 19.5 1 18.3 22.1 Red'kin & Konovalova 2006 F 11 18.6 1.3 16.5 21.5 Sitta europaea takatsukasai Eurasian Nuthatch B M 9 19.5 18.5 20.7 Red'kin & Konovalova 2006 F 1 18.8 Sitta europaea albifrons Eurasian Nuthatch B M 11 19.7 0.9 18.2 21.4 Red'kin & Konovalova 2006 F 10 18.6 1.3 16.5 22.1 Sitta krueperi Krueper's Nuthatch B B 72 13.1 0.9 11.2 14.8 Turkey Albayrak et al. 2011

Sitta oenochlamys Sulphur-billed Nuthatch N B 5 15.5 14.5 16.4 Philippines Harrap & Quinn 1995, Peterson et al. 2008

Family Certhiidae Certhia familiaris Eurasian Treecreeper B U 3392 9 7.7 10.4 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Certhia hodgsoni Hodgson's Treecreeper N U 8 9.2 7.6 10 Ali & Ripley 1983 split from C. familiaris

Certhia tianquanensis Sichuan Treecreeper N B 7 9.6 9 11 China Li 1995

Certhia manipurensis Manipur Treecreeper N B 6 9.7 9.3 10.2 Thailand Mellville & Round 1984 split from C. discolor

Family Rhabdornithidae Rhabdornis grandis Long-billed Rhabdornis N U 45 46 del Hoyo et al. 2009

Family Remizidae Anthoscopus flavifrons Forest Penduline-Tit N U 7 9 del Hoyo et al. 2008

Family Nectariniidae Anthreptes gabonicus Mouse-brown Sunbird N F 1 7.4 Nigeria Specimen LA County Museum

Chalcoparia singalensis Ruby-cheeked Sunbird B B 6 7.6 8 8.4 Borneo; Thai-Malay PeninsulaThompson 1966, Wells 2007 Anthreptes griseigularis birgitae Grey-throated Sunbird N F 1 15 Philippines Catibog-Sinha, C. 1987 split from A. malacensis

Anthreptes aurantius Violet-tailed Sunbird N U 12 13 del Hoyo et al. 2008

Leptocoma calcostetha Copper-throated Sunbird N B 3 8.3 7.8 8.7 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007

Leptocoma sericea Black Sunbird N U 1 10 Seram, Indonesia Isherwood et al. 1997

Cinnyris congensis Congo Sunbird N U 15.5 16.5 del Hoyo et al. 2008

Aethopyga tibolii Tboli Sunbird B B 7 6.3 4.9 7.8 Philippines Kennedy et al. 1997 split from Aethopyga boltoni by Clements 2013

Aethopyga guimarasensis Maroon-naped Sunbird N B 2 5 5 5 Philippines Specimen Univ Kansas split from Aethopyga flagrans by Clements 2013

Aethopyga jefferyi Mountain Sunbird N M 22 6.7 0.8 5.1 8.4 Luzon, Philippines Specimens Field Museum split from Aethopyga pulcherimma by Clements 2013 F 12 5.7 0.6 4.8 6.5 Aethopyga decorosa Bohol Sunbird N B 9 5.6 4.6 6.5 Bohol, Philippines Specimens Field Museum split from Aethopyga pulcherimma by Clements 2013

Aethopyga bella Handsome Sunbird N M 3.9 5.3 del Hoyo et al. 2008 split from A. shelleyi F 3.1 4.2 Aethopyga christinae Fork-tailed Sunbird N B 12 6 0.5 5 6.7 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Aethopyga magnifica Magnificent Sunbird N B 24 9.3 0.9 8 11 Philippines Specimens Field Museum split from Aethopyga siparaja by Clements 2013

Arachnothera flavigaster Spectacled Spiderhunter B M 3 47.1 44.4 49 Borneo; Thai-Malay PeninsulaThompson 1966, Wells 2007 F 1 38.4 Arachnothera robusta Long-billed Spiderhunter N M 6 25.7 32.8 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007 F 5 19.9 26.2 Arachnothera flammifera Orange-tufted Spiderhunter N M 23 11.8 0.9 9.6 13.6 Philippines Specimens FMNH split from A. longirostra F 16 9.8 0.8 8.4 11.1 Arachnothera juliae Whitehead's Spiderhunter N M 2 29.6 28.8 30.4 Sabah, Malaysia Specimens West Found Vert Zool F 1 27 Arachnothera dilutior Pale Spiderhunter N U 2 11.2 10.5 12 Palawan, Philippines Specimens FMNH split from A. longirostra

Arachnothera chrysogenys Yellow-eared Spiderhunter B U 3 22.8 22 23.5 Thai-Malay Peninsula; BorneoThompson 1966, McClure 1964, Wells 2007

Arachnothera everetti Bornean Spiderhunter E B 5 26.4 22.2 29.2 Borneo Thompson 1966 split from Arachnothera affinis

Family Melanocharitidae Melanocharis arfakiana Obscure Berrypecker N U 11.5 del Hoyo et al. 2008

Melanocharis nigra Black Berrypecker B M 30 10.8 1.1 9 13 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas F 15 12.1 1.5 10 15 Melanocharis longicauda Lemon-breasted Berrypecker N M 3 12 11 13 New Guinea FMNH specimens F 2 14 13 16 Specimens Univ. Kansas Melanocharis versteri Fan-tailed Berrypecker B M 10 11.4 1.1 9.9 13 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas F 12 15.9 2.7 10 19.5 Melanocharis crassirostris Spotted Berrypecker B M 1 12 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas F 3 14.9 14.5 15.5 Toxorhamphus novaeguineae Yellow-bellied Longbill B M 25 11.4 1.6 7.5 13 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas F 8 9 8.2 10

Family Dicaeidae Prionochilus percussus Crimson-breasted Flowerpecker N B 10 7 10 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007

Prionochilus thoracicus Scarlet-breasted Flowerpecker B M 6 8.9 13 Cheke & Mann 2001, Wells 2007

Dicaeum everetti Brown-backed Flowerpecker N M 1 9.9 Sabah, Malaysia Specimen West Found Vert Zool

Dicaeum chrysorrheum Yellow-vented Flowerpecker B M 5 9 10.1 Ali & Ripley 1983, Wells 2007

Dicaeum concolor Nilgiri Flowerpecker N M 1 7.4 India Specimens Smithsonian F 1 9.2 Dicaeum minullum Plain Flowerpecker N U 15 6.2 5 8 India Ali & Ripley 1983

Dicaeum vulneratum Ashy Flowerpecker B U 3 8.6 8 10 Seram, Moluccas Stresemann 1914a bigger sample Isherwood et al. 1997 Dicaeum eximium Red-banded Flowerpecker B B 5 7.8 7 9.5 New Britain Gilliard & LeCroy 1967a Specimens Univ. Kansas Dicaeum monticolum Black-sided Flowerpecker N M 1 6.5 Sabah, Malaysia Specimen Univ Kansas

Family Zosteropidae Megazosterops palauensis Giant White-eye N B 6 24.4 19.2 27.4 Palau Specimens Univ. Kansas

Rukia longirostra Long-billed White-eye N U 17.9 del Hoyo et al. 2008

Cleptornis marchei Golden White-eye B M 113 20.3 1.7 14.7 25.1 Saipan Radley et al. 2011 F 80 16.2 1.5 13 21 Lophozosterops squamiceps Streak-headed White-eye N U 3 14 15 Sulawesi, Indonesia Riley & Mole 2001

Heleia muelleri Timor White-eye N U 3 16.7 16.4 16.9 Timor Trainor & Hampton unpublished

Woodfordia superciliosa Bare-eyed White-eye N U 22.5 37 del Hoyo et al. 2008

Zosterops borbonicus Reunion Gray White-eye N B 23 8.2 0.7 7.2 10.4 Reunion Specimens Univ Michigan Museum Zool

Zosterops capensis capensis Cape White-eye B B 55 11.2 1.1 9.1 13.8 South Africa Oatley, unpublished data split from Zosterops pallidus

Zosterops capensis virens Cape White-eye B B 45 10.9 1.2 8.5 13.3 South Africa Oatley, unpublished data

Zosterops pallidus Orange River White-eye N B 79 9.9 1 8 12 South Africa Oatley, unpublished data

Zosterops japonicus Japanese White-eye B U 345 9 0.9 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Zosterops simplex Swinhoe's White-eye B U 345 9 0.9 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005 split from Z. palpebrosus & Z. japonicus by Lim et al. 2019 Zosterops conspicillatus Bridled White-eye B M 48 7.4 0.5 6.1 8.7 Saipan Radley et al. 2011 F 59 8 0.7 6.6 9.6 Zosterops rotensis Rota White-eye N U 10 Rota, Mariana Islands del Hoyo et al. 2008 split from Z. conspicillatus

Zosterops semperi Caroline Islands White-eye N B 2 8.8 8.7 8.8 Palau Specimens Univ. Kansas

Zosterops chloris Yellow-bellied White-eye N B 4 14.1 13 15 New Guinea Mayr & Meyer de Sch 1939d

Zosterops citrinella Ashy-bellied White-eye N U 17 11.5 10 13 Wetar, Indonesia Trainor et al. 2009

Zosterops consobrinorum Sulawesi White-eye N U 9.8 10.4 del Hoyo et al. 2008

Zosterops wallacei Yellow-spectacled White-eye N M 11.1 del Hoyo et al. 2008 F 10.6 Zosterops atriceps Cream-throated White-eye N U 12 del Hoyo et al. 2008

Zosterops hypoxanthus Black-headed White-eye B B 5 12 10 13 New Britain Gilliard & LeCroy 1967a Specimens Univ. Kansas Zosterops mysorensis Biak White-eye N M 1 15 Biak Island, New Guinea Mayr & Meyer de Sch 1939a

Zosterops novaeguineae New Guinea White-eye B B 6 12.1 10.9 13.5 New Guinea Diamond 1972, Specimens Univ. Kansas

Zosterops griseotinctus Louisiade White-eye N U 14 del Hoyo et al. 2008

Zosterops rennellianus Rennell White-eye N U 12 17 del Hoyo et al. 2008

Zosterops vellalavella Banded White-eye N B 9 14.2 1.2 12.7 15.7 Solomon Islands Specimens Mus. SW Biology

Zosterops splendidus Ganongga White-eye N M 16 12.6 0.7 11.3 13.7 Solomon Islands Specimens Univ. Kansas F 2 13.2 13.2 13.2 Specimens Museum SW Biology Zosterops luteirostris Splendid White-eye N M 3 13.4 12.3 14 Solomon Islands Specimens Univ. Kansas

Zosterops kulambangrae Solomon Islands White-eye N B 3 13.4 12.6 14 Solomon Islands Specimens Mus. SW Biology

Zosterops stresemanni Malaita White-eye N B 2 22 21.7 22.2 del Hoyo et al. 2008

Zosterops santaecrucis Santa Cruz White-eye N F 1 20.5 with egg, Solomon Is. Specimens Univ. Kansas

Zosterops inornatus Large Lifou White-eye N M 22.9 25.8 del Hoyo et al. 2008 F 20 23.8 Zosterops minutus Small Lifou White-eye N M 1 8.9 del Hoyo et al. 2008 F 1 7.6 Zosterops finschii Dusky White-eye N M 6 13.2 12 15 Palau Specimens Univ. Kansas F 3 12 10.5 13 Zosterops ponapensis Pohnpei White-eye N M 1 11.2 Pohnpei, Caroline Islands Specimens Smithsonian Inst. also known as Gray or Gray-brown White-eye

Family Meliphagidae Timeliopsis griseigula Tawny Straightbill B B 9 32.4 New Guinea Bell 1982, Specimens Univ. Kansas Melilestes megarhynchus Long-billed Honeyeater B M 20 41.8 5.4 34 55 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas F 23 38.8 3.4 33 47.5 Stresemannia bougainvillei Bougainville Honeyeater N F 1 24.7 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Lichmera lombokia Sunda Honeyeater N U 14.5 16 Carstensen et al. 2011

Lichmera limbata Indonesian Honeyeater N U 13.5 Carstensen et al. 2011

Lichmera squamata White-tufted Honeyeater N U 5 13.7 11 18 Wetar, Indonesia Trainor et al. 2009

Lichmera flavicans Yellow-eared Honeyeater N U 1 14.2 Timor Trainor & Hampton unpubl.

Lichmera notabilis Black-chested Honeyeater N U 4 12 9 14 Wetar, Indonesia Trainor et al. 2009

Myzomela dammermani Sumba Myzomela N U 32 Sumba Is., Lesser Sundas Rheindt, pers. comm. identical in size to M. irianawidodoae, as per Prawiradilaga et al. 2017 correspondence and shown in paper for mm Myzomela irianawidodoae Rote Myzomela N M 1 32.2 Rote Island, Lesser SundasPrawiradilaga et al. 2017 newly described species in 2017

Myzomela rubratra Micronesian Myzomela N M 56 14.2 1.5 10 17.5 Saipan, Mariana Islands Radley et al. 2011 F 37 11.8 1.5 9.9 16.8 Myzomela nigriventris Samoan Myzomela B M 61 13.5 1.33 8.5 17 American Samoa Inst. Bird Pop - get citation split from Myzomela cardinalis, Clements 2017 F 20 11.1 2 9.9 18 Myzomela eichhorni Yellow-vented Myzomela N M 11 13.7 0.9 12.5 15.2 Solomon Islands Specimens Univ Kansas F 11 12 1 10.4 13.2 Specimens Museum SW Biol Myzomela malaitae Red-bellied Myzomela N M 13 17 del Hoyo et al. 2009 F 10.5 12.5 Myzomela vulnerata Black-breasted Myzomela N M 1 6.9 Timor Trainor & Hampton unpubl

Meliphaga albonotata Scrub Honeyeater B U 6 23.2 New Guinea Bell 1982, Hoogerwerf 1971 Specimens Univ. Kansas Meliphaga aruensis Puff-backed Honeyeater B M 14 25.8 2.8 21.5 31.5 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas F 12 23.8 2.8 17.5 28.2 Meliphaga cinereifrons Elegant Honeyeater N U 22 del Hoyo et al. 2009

Meliphaga fordiana Kimberly Honeyeater N M 27.2 30.5 del Hoyo et al. 2009 F 19.5 26.5 Foulehaio carunculata Eastern Wattled-Honeyeater B M 490 36.5 5.4 21.6 91 American Samoa Inst. Bird Pop Samoa TMAPS unpubl. F 389 26.1 4.3 15.1 48.6 Foulehaio procerior Western Wattled-Honeyeater B U 18 37 5.2 25.2 45.4 Fiji Tarburton 1992 split from Foulehaio carunculata in Clements 2014

Gymnomyza viridis Chattering Giant-Honeyeater N F 1 49.4 Fiji Specimen Univ. Kansas

Gymnomyza samoensis Mao N B 2 120 120 121 Samoa Specimens Univ. Kansas, WFVZ

Xanthotis polygrammus Spotted Honeyeater B M 5 21.7 19.7 24 New Guinea Diamond 1972, Specimens Univ. Kansas F 3 19 18 19.5 Xanthotis provocator Kandavu Honeyeater N M 2 35 33.1 36.8 Fiji Specimens Univ. Kansas F 1 23.7 Oreornis chrysogenys Orange-cheeked Honeyeater N M 1 77 del Hoyo et al. 2009 F 1 62 Pycnopygius ixoides Plain Honeyeater B M 5 29.7 28 33 New Guinea Diamond 1972 F 8 25.8 22 31 Pycnopygius cinereus Marbled Honeyeater B M 9 46.2 36.8 58 New Guinea Diamond 1972 F 5 39.1 30.5 46 Philemon moluccensis Black-faced Friarbird N U 2 140 140 140 Buru, Moluccas Specimens Natural History Mus Denmark

Philemon albitorques White-naped Friarbird N F 1 201 Bismarck Archipeligo Specimen L.A. County Museum

Philemon cockerelli New Britain Friarbird N M 3 144 139 147 New Britain Gilliard & LeCroy 1967a F 4 157 149 177 Specimens Univ. Kansas Melidectes ochromelas Cinnamon-browed Melidectes N M 3 62 59 64 New Guinea FMNH specimens, Mayr & Meyer de Sch 1939c F 7 50.1 41 64 Specimens Univ. Kansas, Beehler & Prawiradilaga 2010 Melidectes foersteri Huon Melidectes N U 8 77.8 63 107 New Guinea Mandeville & Beehler unpubl. Data

Melidectes torquatus Ornate Melidectes B M 11 49.7 37.4 58 New Guinea Mayr & Gilliard 1954, Diamond 1972 F 4 39.6 34 44 Melipotes gymnops Arfak Honeyeater N B 11 54.1 4.5 46 62 New Guinea Beehler et al. 2007, Mayr & Meyer de Sch 1939c

Melipotes carolae Wattled Smoky Honeyeater N B 6 58.9 52.5 65 New Guinea Beehler et al. 2007

Melipotes ater Spangled Honeyeater N U 1 114 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Myza celebensis Dark-eared Honeyeater B U 3 20.7 19.5 22.5 Sulawesi, Indonesia M. Waltert, unpubl data; Riley & Mole 2001

Family Oriolidae Oriolus xanthonotus Dark-throated Oriole B B 3 32.1 30.4 33.4 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007

Oriolus steerii Philippine Oriole N U 45 48 del Hoyo et al. 2009

Oriolus kundoo Indian Golden Oriole N B 12 65.6 60 71 Ali & Ripley 1983 split by del Hoyo et al. 2009 from O. oriolus

Oriolus chlorocephalus Green-headed Oriole N M 8 69.1 64 76 Tanzania Specimens Yale Peabody Mus F 4 66.9 62 72 Specimens Carnegie Mus, Pittsburgh Oriolus monacha Ethiopian Black-headed Oriole N U 63 74 del Hoyo et al. 2009

Oriolus larvatus African Black-headed Oriole B U 12 70.9 59 80 Hockey et al. 2005

Oriolus cruentus Black-and-crimson Oriole N B 9 61.8 56.6 65 Sabah, Malaysia Specimens West. Found. Vert Zool.

Sphecotheres hypoleucus Wetar Figbird N U 75 80 del Hoyo et al. 2009

Sphecotheres vieilloti Australian Figbird B B 22 132 128 146 Australia Higgins et al. 2006 species split from S. viridis

Family Laniidae Lanius collurio Red-backed Shrike B M 742 28.4 24.3 33 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 661 29.5 24.4 36.5 Lanius phoenicuroides Red-tailed Shrike N B 7 28 25.7 31 Israel, Kenya, Ethiopia, IranSpecimens Smithsonian split from Lanius isabellinus by Clements 2013

Lanius meridionalis meridionalis Southern Gray Shrike B M 51 62.3 2.8 55.5 69.5 Y Spain Gutierrez-Corchero et al. 2007 F 40 64 2.6 58.5 69 Lanius ludovicianus Loggerhead Shrike B B 63 50.5 3 41 58.5 Y California, USA Santolo 2013 may be published in NABB in future

Lanius borealis Northern Shrike B U 22 63.4 3.3 56 69.5 W eastern USA Cade and Atkinson 2002 split by AOU 2017

Lanius borealis Northern Shrike B U 44 66.6 4.6 58.5 79 W western USA Cade and Atkinson 2002

Lanius excubitor excubitor Great Grey Shrike B U 460 65.7 56 78 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 split by AOU 2017

Lanius excubitor Great Grey Shrike B B 20 60.4 3.3 55 67 Israel Yosef, unpubl.

Lanius collaris Southern Fiscal N M 84 41.8 24.7 51 southern Africa Harris 2000 F 69 39.8 27.7 52 Lanius humeralis Northern Fiscal B M 84 41.8 24.7 51 southern Africa Fry et al. 2000 split from Lanius collaris by Clements 2012 F 69 39.8 27.7 52

Family Malaconotidae Laniarius turatii Turati's Boubou N B 3 49.2 46.3 52.4 Sierra Leone Specimens Univ. Kansas

Laniarius aethiopicus Ethiopian Boubou N M 1 60 Specimens Univ. Kansas split from L. aethiopicus by Clements 2014

Laniarius sublacteus East Coast Boubou B U 39 48.7 38.8 66 Kenya Harris 2000 split from L. aethiopicus by del Hoyo

Laniarius barbarus Common Gonolek B U 82 48.9 46.8 51.8 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Laniarius holomelas Albertine Sooty Boubou N M 3 43.6 41.3 44.7 Uganda; Burundi Voelker et al. 2010 also known as Laniaius willardi, Willard's Sooty Boubou F 1 40.5 Malaconotus monteiri Monteiro's Bushshrike N B 2 84 83.5 84.5 Angola Specimens Yale Peabody Mus

Family Prionopidae Philentoma velata Maroon-breasted Philentoma B M 8 22.5 26.6 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007 F 14 21.5 25.3

Family Vangidae Calicalicus rufocarpalis Red-shouldered Vanga B U 2 16.8 16.1 17.4 Madagascar Ravokatra et al. 2003 species split

Xenopirostris damii Van Dam's Vanga N M 1 51 Madagascar Rasamison et al. 2018

Family Dicruidae Dicrurus annectans Crow-billed Drongo B U 6 57 46.1 68.4 M Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007

Dicrurus hottentottus Hair-crested Drongo N B 15 81.5 6.1 71 94 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Dicrurus hottentottus Hair-crested Drongo B B 9 69 4.8 64.5 76 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Dicrurus lophorinus Sri Lankan Crested Drongo N B 2 70 70 70 Sri Lanka Ali & Ripley 1983

Family Callaeidae Creadion carunculatus South Island Saddleback N M 22 84 5 75.5 94 New Zealand Taylor & Jamieson 2007 F 36 73.2 4.2 64 83 Creadion rufusater North Island Saddleback N M 80 New Zealand del Hoyo et al. 2009 F 70

Family Grallinidae Grallina bruijni Torrent-lark B B 5 39.9 38 42 New Guinea Diamond 1972, Mayr & Meyer de Sch 1939c

Family Cracticidae Cracticus torquatus leucopterus Gray Butcherbird B M 20 90.4 5.8 79 99 Australia Higgins et al. 2006 data in book, species split F 18 85.1 4.7 76 95 Cracticus torquatus torquatus Gray Butcherbird B M 4 94.4 73 119 Australia Higgins et al. 2006 F 3 82 79 87 Cracticus torquatus cinereus Gray Butcherbird B M 2 112 112 112 Tasmania, Australia Higgins et al. 2006 F 4 102 99.5 104 Cracticus argenteus argenteus Silver-backed Butcherbird B M 10 95.9 8.4 83 110 Australia Higgins et al. 2006 species split F 12 89.5 8.5 79 110 Cracticus argenteus colletti Silver-backed Butcherbird B M 7 81.6 79 83 Australia Higgins et al. 2006 data in book, species split F 6 75.2 68 84 Cracticus quoyi Black Butcherbird B M 3 172 168 178 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas F 4 154 145 165

Family Paradisaeidae Paradigalla brevicauda Short-tailed Paradigalla B M 4 166 146 184 Frith & Beehler 1998 F 2 163 155 170 Specimens Univ. Kansas Parotia berlepschi Bronze Parotia N M 1 162 New Guinea Scholes et al. 2017 split from Parotia carolae by Clements 2012 F 2 134 128 139 Parotia wahnesi Wahnes' Parotia N M 4 168 160 172 Frith & Beehler 1998 F 7 146 144 154 Lophorina minor Lesser Superb Bird-of-paradise B M 8 83 77 93 Frith & Beehler 1998 split from Lophorina superba, Clements 2017 F 5 63 56 68 Ptiloris intercedens Growling Riflebird B M 12 184 155 214 Frith & Beehler 1998 split from Ptiloris magnificus, Clements 2017 F 15 126 102 149

Family Ptilonorhynchidae Ailuroedus buccoides White-eared Catbird B B 16 136 7.6 126 150 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas

Ailuroedus stonii Ochre-breasted Catbird N B 4 145 134 150 Papua New Guinea Specimens Univ. Kansas split from Ailuroedus buccoides, Clement 2016

Ailuroedus geislerorum Tan-capped Catbird N M 2 156 154 159 Papua New Guinea Gilliard & LeCroy 1967b split from Ailuroedus buccoides, Clement 2016 F 3 129 122 135 Ailuroedus jobiensis Northern Catbird N B 3 220 213 228 northern Papua New GuineaSpecimens LA County Museum Split from Ailuroedus melanotis, Clements 2016 Gilliard & LeCroy 1967b Amblyornis flavifrons Golden-fronted Bowerbird B B 8 116 105 127 New Guinea Beehler & Prawiradilaga 2010

Sericulus ardens Flame Bowerbird N M 2 130 120 140 del Hoyo et al. 2009 F 127 168 Sericulus bakeri Fire-maned Bowerbird B M 4 170 142 183 New Guinea Gilliard & LeCroy 1967b F 5 173 164 184

Family Corvidae Cyanocorax hafferi Campina Jay N M 1 172 Amazonas, Brazil Cohn-Haft et al. 2013 newly described in del Hoyo et al. 2013

Cyanocorax chrysops diesingii Plush-crested Jay B B 5 211 196 228 Brazil Specimens Museu Sao Paulo

Cyanolyca pulchra Beautiful Jay N F 1 97.5 Ecuador Specimens West Found Vert Zool

Cyanolyca turcosa Turquoise Jay N U 1 97.5 Ecuador Becker, unpubl. Data

Platylophus galericulatus Crested Jay B M 3 99 114 Malaysia Medway 1972, Wells 2007 F 5 77.9 102 Aphelocoma woodhouseii nevadaeWoodhouse's Scrub-Jay E M 56 80.3 69 98 western USA Atwood 1979 split from Aphelocoma californica by AOU 2016 F 37 73.8 65 83 Aphelocoma woodhouseii sumichrastiWoodhouse's Scrub-Jay B M 5 100 south-central Mexico Curry et al. 2002 split from Aphelocoma californica by AOU 2016 F 6 94.6 Aphelocoma ultramarina Transvolcanic Jay N B 35 131 13.7 108 156 southern Mexico specimens Field Museum split from A. wollweberi (Mex. Jay) by AOU 2011

Garrulus lidthi Lidth's Jay N U 125 estimated del Hoyo et al. 2009

Urocissa whiteheadi White-winged Magpie N U 200 estimated del Hoyo et al. 2009

Cyanopica cooki Iberian Azure-winged Magpie B B 62 70.4 61 84 Spain Alarcos et al. 2007

Cissa hypoleuca Yellow-breasted Magpie N U 125 estimated del Hoyo et al. 2009

Cissa thalassina Short-tailed Magpie N U 125 estimated del Hoyo et al. 2009

Dendrocitta cinerascens Bornean Treepie N U 125 estimated del Hoyo et al. 2009

Dendrocitta frontalis Collared Treepie N U 100 estimated del Hoyo et al. 2009

Crypsirina temia Racket-tailed Treepie N U 114 145 del Hoyo et al. 2009

Crypsirina cucullata Hooded Treepie N U 130 135 del Hoyo et al. 2009

Temnurus temnurus Ratchet-tailed Treepie N U 138 del Hoyo et al. 2009

Pica mauritanica Maghreb Magpie N F 1 180 Fry et al. 1982 split from Pica pica, Clements 2018

Pica asirensis Arabian Magpie N U 200 del Hoyo et al. 2009 Pica serica Oriental Magpie N M 12 223 37 150 271 Korea; China Spec U Cal Berkeley; Spec Univ Michigansplit from Pica pica, Clements 2018 F 6 205 191 223 Spec Carnegie Museum Pica pica bactriana Eurasian Magpie B M 1 249 India Ali & Ripley 1972 F 5 190 212 Zavattariornis stresemanni Stresemann's Bush-Crow N U 130 estimated del Hoyo et al. 2009

Podoces biddulphi Xinjiang Ground-Jay N M 134 141 del Hoyo et al. 2009 F 120 132 Nucifraga multipunctata Kashmir Nutcracker B M 1 191 Ali & Ripley 1983 split in del Hoyo et al. 2009 F 3 148 165 Corvus typicus Piping Crow N U 175 estimated del Hoyo et al. 2009

Corvus unicolor Banggai Crow N U 175 estimated del Hoyo et al. 2009

Corvus florensis Flores Crow N U 175 estimated del Hoyo et al. 2009

Corvus kubaryi Mariana Crow B U 4 226 190 258 Guam Ha, unpublished data

Corvus validus Long-billed Crow N U 300 estimated del Hoyo et al. 2009

Corvus cornix Hooded Crow N M 91 539 39.9 430 618 Y Germany Cramp & Perrins volume 8 F 83 481 24.2 410 548 Corvus cornix pallescens Hooded Crow N U 2 314 295 333 Egypt Fry et al. 2000 species split

Corvus palmarum Palm Crow N B 5 255 246 264 Dominican Republic Specimens Univ Kansas formerly Hispaniolan Palm Crow

Family Sturnidae Aplonis magna Long-tailed Starling N U 1 190 Biak Island, New Guinea Mayr & Meyer de Sch 1939a

Aplonis mysolensis Moluccan Starling N M 1 62 New Guinean islands Mayr & Meyer de Sch 1939d

Aplonis opaca Micronesian Starling B M 13 84.8 3 78.7 88 Saipan, Mariana Islands Radley et al. 2011 F 4 80.8 72.1 93.2 Aplonis opaca ponapensis Micronesian Starling B M 8 81.3 75 95 southern Micronesia Buden 1998 F 1 70 Aplonis tabuensis manuae Polynesian Starling B B 21 40.7 6.6 27.4 51.8 American Samoa Inst. Bird Pop, get citation

Aplonis tabuensis tutuilae Polynesian Starling B M 17 67.2 7.7 59.1 90 American Samoa Inst. Bird Pop, get citation F 19 59.6 5.6 49.3 72 Aplonis atrifusca Samoan Starling B M 80 129 24.4 55.6 166 American Samoa Specimens Smithsonian Inst. F 98 113 18 68 148 Basilornis mirandus Apo Myna N M 2 108 107 110 Mindanao, Philippines Peterson et al. 2008

Basilornis celebensis Sulawesi Myna N M 1 124 captive bird Specimen Cornell University

Scissirostrum dubium Finch-billed Myna N U 50 del Hoyo et al. 2009

Acridotheres javanicus Javan Myna N B 2 93.5 91 96 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007 Acridotheres fuscus Jungle Myna B U 25 75.3 6.6 60 90 American Samoa Inst. Bird Pop, get citation

Agropsar sturninus Daurian Starling B U 5 45.2 41 49.4 Higgins et al. 2006, Wells 2007

Sturnia pagodarum Brahminy Starling B B 20 46.6 38 54 India Ali & Ripley 1983, Majumdar 1984, 1984a

Pastor roseus Rosy Starling B M 15 83.9 5.7 B Romania Zenatello & Kiss 2005 F 23 72.7 4.7 Sturnus sericeus Red-billed Starling N B 8 64.9 0.6 B China Zhang et al. 2006

Sturnus vulgaris European Starling B M 531 79 66 91 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 618 75.8 62.2 89.9 Sturnus unicolor Spotless Starling N U 92 Veiga & Polo 2005

Lamprotornis nitens Cape Glossy-Starling B M 17 85 65 116 Hockey et al. 2005 F 12 80 67 98 Lamprotornis elisabeth Miombo Blue-eared Glossy-StarlingN U 7 58 52 66 Hockey et al. 2005 split from L. chloropterus

Lamprotornis iris Emerald Glossy-Starling N M 1 43 captive birds Specimen Cal Academy Sci F 1 31.6 Specimen Carnegie Museum Lamprotornis mevesii Meves's Glossy-Starling N M 8 88.5 77 95 Fry et al. 2000 F 7 70.7 65 78 Lamprotornis australis Burchell's Glossy-Starling B M 3 127 126 128 Hockey et al. 2005 F 3 117 112 125 Lamprotornis corrusca Black-bellied Glossy-Starling B M 26 59 51 68 Hockey et al. 2005 F 13 52 46 62

Family Passeridae Passer domesticus House Sparrow B M 3412 31.4 26.4 36.5 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 2704 30.9 26 36 Passer suahelicus Swaheli Sparrow N U 20 30 del Hoyo et al. 2009

Passer montanus Eurasian Tree Sparrow B B 4078 23.3 19.5 27.5 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Passer italiae Italian Sparrow N B 143 28.3 F Italy Gustin & Sorace 2002 split by del Hoyo et al.

Passer insularis Socotra Sparrow N B 51 26.8 20 35 Socotra Kirwan 2008

Passer hemileucus no name given N B 7 22.3 20 25 Abd 'Al-Kuri, Socotra Kirwan 2008

Passer motitensis Rufous Sparrow B B 20 31.5 26 35.8 Hockey et al. 2005

Passer melanurus Mossie B B 466 24.5 20 37 Hockey et al. 2005

Montifringilla henrici Tibetan Snowfinch N U 40 del Hoyo et al. 2009

Montifringilla adamsi Black-winged Snowfinch N U 31.3 Zeng & Lu 2009 Montifringilla taczanowskii White-rumped Snowfinch N M 9 36.8 1.9 33.5 39.7 Tibet Lu et al. 2009 F 13 40 3 34.4 45.1 Montifringilla ruficollis Rufous-necked Snowfinch N M 20 25.9 1.4 22.9 27.6 Tibet Lu et al. 2009 F 21 27.3 2.2 23.6 31.6

Family Ploceidae Ploceus subpersonatus Loango Slender-billed Weaver N M 16 22.4 21 24 Congo-Brazzaville Bulens and Dowsett 2001

Ploceus luteolus Little Weaver B U 147 14.4 13.7 14.8 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Ploceus nigricollis Black-necked Weaver B U 209 26.4 25 26.6 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Ploceus castaneiceps Taveta Golden-Weaver B M 296 29 2.7 20.5 44.5 captive Ferrie & Breeding, unpubl. data F 325 23.3 2 16.9 30.3 Ploceus heuglini Heuglin's Masked-Weaver B U 81 23.6 21 27.9 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Ploceus vitellinus Vitelline Masked-Weaver N U 284 20.2 17.9 21.6 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Ploceus katangae Katanga Masked-Weaver N U 16 21 del Hoyo et al. 2010 vol 15

Ploceus ruweti Lufira Masked-Weaver N F 2 16.8 16.5 17 D.R. Congo Craig et al. 2011

Malimbus coronatus Red-crowned Malimbe N U 32 del Hoyo et al. 2010 vol 15

Malimbus cassini Black-throated Malimbe N M 1 34 Equatorial Guinea Specimens Philly ANS F 1 29.5 Malimbus racheliae Rachel's Malimbe N F 1 26 Equatorial Guinea Specimens Philly ANS

Malimbus erythrogaster Red-bellied Malimbe N U 45 del Hoyo et al. 2010 vol 15

Euplectes hordeaceus Black-winged Bishop B U 169 20 17.2 22 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Euplectes franciscanus Orange Bishop B U 1762 15.2 14.7 15.5 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Euplectes aureus Golden-backed Bishop N U 25 del Hoyo et al. 2010, vol 15

Euplectes progne Long-tailed Widowbird B M 29 42 33 46 Hockey et al. 2005 F 32 32 25 39

Family Estrildidae Cryptospiza reichenovii Red-faced Crimson-wing B B 262 13.4 11.2 17.4 Hockey et al. 2005

Pyrenestes minor Lesser Seedcracker N U 14 del Hoyo et al. 2010

Lagonosticta rufopicta Bar-breasted Firefinch B U 113 9.3 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Lagonosticta sanguinodorsalis Rock Firefinch B U 480 10.4 10 11 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Uraeginthus bengalus Red-cheeked Cordonbleu B U 692 10.1 9.7 10.2 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011 Estrilda caerulescens Lavender Waxbill B U 530 9.2 8.9 9.5 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Estrilda perreini Black-tailed Waxbill B U 20 7.6 6.5 9 Hockey et al. 2005

Estrilda quartinia Yellow-bellied Waxbill B U 160 6.3 5 8.8 Hockey et al. 2005

Estrilda melanotis Swee Waxbill B M 12 7.5 5.7 8.4 Hockey et al. 2005 F 8 8 7.2 8.4 Estrilda melpoda Orange-cheeked Waxbill B U 88 7.2 7.1 7.9 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Estrilda kandti Kandt's Waxbill N U 8 del Hoyo et al. 2010

Ortygospiza atricollis Black-faced Quailfinch B B 144 11.4 8.5 14 Hockey et al. 2005

Taeniopygia guttata Timor Zebra Finch N U 10 del Hoyo et al. 2010

Erythrura prasina Pin-tailed Parrotfinch N M 25 14.5 18.1 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007 F 58 12.5 20 Erythrura viridifacies Green-faced Parrotfinch N U 12.6 del Hoyo et al. 2010

Erythrura tricolor Tricolored Parrotfinch N U 1 9 Wetar, Indonesia Trainor et al. 2009

Erythrura cyaneovirens Fiji Parrotfinch N M 10.5 del Hoyo et al. 2010 F 11.5 Erythrura pealii Red-headed Parrotfinch E U 49 13 1 10.5 15 Fiji Langham 1987

Erythrura regia Royal Parrotfinch N B 13.2 del Hoyo et al. 2010

Sporaeginthus formosus Green Avadavat N M 1 6.1 captive Specimens Cal Acad Science formerly Amadava formosus

Lonchura quinticolor Five-colored Munia N U 8 12.7 9.5 16.2 captive Specimens Cal Acad Science

Lonchura bicolor Black-and-white Mannikin B U 121 9.2 7.3 11.3 Hockey et al. 2005

Lonchura striata White-rumped Munia B U 24 10.6 0.8 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Lonchura leucogastroides Javan Munia B U 18 8 12 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007

Lonchura punctulata Nutmeg Mannikin B U 334 12.8 1.3 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Lonchura malacca Black-headed Munia B B 10 13.5 B Columbia Caranton-Ayala et al. 2008

Lonchura hunsteini Mottled Munia N M 1 9.5 Caroline Islands, Pacific Specimen West Found Vert Zool F 1 11.5 Specimen Carnegie Museum, Pitt Lonchura maja White-headed Munia B U 351 10.5 14.7 Thai-Malay Peninsula Wells 2007

Lonchura pallida Pale-headed Munia N U 12 del Hoyo et al. 2010 Lonchura caniceps Gray-headed Munia N U 11.5 del Hoyo et al. 2010

Lonchura montana Snow Mountain Munia N B 14 17 New Guinea Ripley 1964

Amadina erythrocephala Red-headed Finch B B 789 22.7 17.7 27 Hockey et al. 2005

Family Viduidae Vidua chalybeata Village Indigobird B B 64 13.2 11.1 14.5 Hockey et al. 2005

Family Vireonidae Vireo bellii Bell's Vireo B U 16 9.8 0.9 8 12 Texas, USA Wood et al. 2016

Vireo solitarius Blue-headed Vireo B U 14 16.8 1.9 14 19 M Texas, USA Wood et al. 2016

Vireo chivi Chivi Vireo E U 7 13.8 Peru Fitzpatrick et al. unpubl split from Vireo olivaceus, AOS 2018

Vireo chivi Chivi Vireo B U 7 17.9 15.5 21 Trinidad ffrench 1991

Hylophilus poicilotis Rufous-crowned Greenlet B B 15 10.4 9 12 Brazil; Argentina; ParaguayReinert et al. 1996, Belton 1985 Foster & Johnson 2017 Darrieu & Camperi 1993, Oniki 1981 Hylophilus amaurocephalus Gray-eyed Greenlet N U 11.7 Brazil Faria & Rodrigues 2009

Vireolanius eximius Yellow-browed Shrike-Vireo N F 1 29 Columbia Specimens Mus. Vert. Zool. Berkeley

Family Fringillidae Fringilla coelebs Common Chaffinch B M #### 22.8 19.9 26.7 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 7487 21.1 18.1 25 Fringilla coelebs moreletti Common Chaffinch B M 32 24.8 2.4 19 30 Azores Ramos 1998 F 28 21.6 1.8 18 25 Fringilla teydea Blue Chaffinch B M 76 32.3 1.7 28.1 37.5 Tenerife Garcia-del-Rey & Gosler 2005 F 60 28.9 1.5 25 33 Fringilla montifringilla Brambling B M 6157 24.9 20.9 30.4 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 3815 23.1 19.5 28.4 Euphonia saturata Orange-crowned Euphonia N M 1 10 Ecuador Specimens West Found Vert Zool

Rhynchostruthus percivali Golden-winged Grosbeak N U 2 31.5 29.6 33.4 Yemen Dymond 1996 split by del Hoyo, need common name

Pinicola enucleator Pine Grosbeak B M 1687 59 48.5 70 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 964 57.7 49 68 Callacanthis burtoni Spectacled Finch N B 9 33.4 30.8 35.7 Pakistan Specimens Museum Comp Zool, Harvard

Carpodacus erythrinus Common Rosefinch B M 1555 21.6 19.1 24.5 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 969 22.5 19.6 26.4 Carpodacus vinaceus Vinaceous Rosefinch N M 2 19.8 19.5 20.2 Nepal; China Specimen Museum Comp Zool, Harvard Specimen Univ. Kansas Carpodacus formosanus Taiwan Rosefinch N B 200 22.7 1.8 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Carpodacus waltoni Pink-rumped Rosefinch N U 20 mass approximate Lu et al. 2011 formerly Carpodacus eos

Loxia pytyopsittacus Parrot Crossbill B B 220 52.9 45 61.9 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Loxia leucoptera White-winged Crossbill B U 42 29.8 33.7 47.5 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Loxia curvirostra Red Crossbill B M 103 34.2 2 28.8 38.6 B Idaho, USA Benkman et al. 2009 red crossbill call type 2 F 60 33.4 2.3 28.2 38.6 Loxia curvirostra Red Crossbill B M 22 32.8 2.3 28.6 38.6 B Idaho, USA Benkman et al. 2009 red crossbill call type 5 F 11 33.2 1.3 30 35.3 Loxia sinesciuris South Hills Crossbill N M 483 34.4 2.2 29.2 39.4 B South Hills, Idaho, USA Benkman et al. 2009 F 337 34.1 1.8 28.8 43.9 Chloris monguilloti Vietnamese Greenfinch N U 15 16 del Hoyo et al. 2010 formerly in genus Carduelis

Chloris chloris European Greenfinch B M #### 28.6 24.7 33.1 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F #### 28.4 24.3 33.2 Acanthis flammea flammea Common Redpoll B M 203 13.5 10.7 18.5 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 136 12.5 10.3 14.7 Acanthis flammea rostrata Common Redpoll B M 58 16 14 18.8 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 60 15 13 18 Acanthis flammea Common Redpoll B B 14 11.6 0.3 China Liu et al. 2004

Acanthis cabaret Lesser Redpoll B M 213 12 10.2 14.7 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 247 11.4 9.9 13.4 Acanthis hornemanni Hoary Redpoll B M 1242 13.9 11.7 16.9 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 359 13.1 11 16.1 Carduelis carduelis European Goldfinch B M 433 18.2 16.3 20.5 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 269 17.7 15.3 20.7 Spinus spinus Eurasian Siskin B B #### 12.7 10.9 15.2 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 genus change as of AOU 2009

Spinus crassirostris Thick-billed Siskin N U 19 del Hoyo et al. 2010

Spinus olivaceus Olivaceous Siskin N M 1 13 Bolivia Specimens Univ. Kansas

Carduelis siemiradzkii Saffron Siskin N U 2 11 11 11 Ecuador Freile et al. 2004

Carduelis flavirostris Twite B M 115 17.1 0.9 14.7 19 W Scotland Hickling 1983 F 100 16.7 0.8 14.9 18.6 Carduelis cannabina Eurasian Linnet B M 147 19.4 17.4 22.3 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 141 19 16.1 22.8 Serinus xantholaemus Salvadori's Serin N B 4 11.8 11 12 Ethiopia Erard 1974

Serinus corsicana Corsican Finch N U 11 12 del Hoyo et al. 2010

Neospiza concolor Sao Tome Grosbeak N M 2 50 estimated from graph Melo et al. 2017 F 1 40 Alario leucolaemus Damara Canary N B 6 12.2 11 14 Namibia Hoesch & Niethammer 1940 species split Pyrrhula nipalensis Brown Bullfinch B B 12 25.3 20 29 Ali & Ripley 1983, McClure 1964 Shiu et al. 2005 Pyrrhula leucogenys White-cheeked Bullfinch B B 3 20 19 20.5 Philippines Rand & Rabor 1960, Peterson et al. 2008

Pyrrhula erythaca Gray-headed Bullfinch B B 30 21.7 1.3 Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005

Pyrrhula pyrrhula Eurasian Bullfinch B M #### 32.6 27.7 38.9 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F #### 32 27.2 38.2 Pyrrhula murina Azores Bullfinch B M 22 29.3 1.7 26.5 33 Y Azores Ramos 1998 F 28 30.8 1.8 27 35 Coccothraustes coccothraustes Hawfinch B M 425 54.4 47.5 64.6 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 258 55.7 47.7 65.8 Eophona personata Japanese Grosbeak B M 7 79.7 65 99 China Shaw 1936; Specimens Univ. Kansas

Uragus sibiricus Long-tailed Rosefinch B M 5 17.5 14.6 20 Mongolia; China Piechocki & Bolod 1972, Dement'ev & Gladkov 1954 F 4 17 16 18 Specimens Univ. Kansas Montifringilla taczanowskii White-rumped Snowfinch N M 9 36.8 1.9 33.5 39.7 Tibet Lu et al. 2009 F 13 40 3 34.4 45.1 Montifringilla ruficollis Rufous-necked Snowfinch N M 20 25.9 1.4 22.9 27.6 Tibet Lu et al. 2009 F 21 27.3 2.2 23.6 31.6

Family Calcariidae Calcarius lapponicus Lapland Longspur B M 81 25.9 22.6 31 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 35 23.4 Plectrophenax nivalis Snow Bunting B M 584 37.8 30.3 49.1 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 333 33.7 27 44.7

Family Parulidae Seiurus aurocapilla Ovenbird B U 68 18.3 2.6 12 25 M Texas, USA Wood et al. 2016

Parkesia noveboracensis Northern Waterthrush B U 77 15.3 2.1 10 22 M Texas, USA Wood et al. 2016

Oreothlypis celata celata Orange-crowned Warbler B M 18 9.8 0.4 9.2 10.8 Alaska, USA Gilbert & West 2015

Oreothlypis celata lutescens Orange-crowned Warbler B M 277 9.1 0.5 7.4 10.8 Alaska, USA Gilbert & West 2015

Oreothlypis celata lutescens Orange-crowned Warbler B M 161 8.8 0.4 6.9 10.9 California, USA Gilbert & West 2015

Oreothlypis ruficapilla Nashville Warbler B M 133 8.2 1 6 11 M Texas, USA Wood et al. 2016 formerly Vermivora ruficapilla F 67 8 1 6 11 Oreothlypis gutturalis Flame-throated Warbler B U 10 10 0.8 8.3 11.4 Costa Rica Sealy & Neudorf 2017 formerly Parula gutturalis

Geothlypis philadelphia Mourning Warbler B M 75 11.9 1.6 10 17 M Texas, USA Wood et al. 2016 formerly Oporornis philadelphia F 55 11.4 1.6 9 19 Geothlypis trichas Common Yellowthroat B M 295 9.8 1.2 8 15 Texas, USA Wood et al. 2016 F 260 9.1 1.2 6 16 Setophaga flavescens Bahama Warbler N B 7 9 8 9.8 Bahamas Specimens FMNH, Smithsonian split from Setophaga dominica formerly Dendroica dominica Setophaga subita Barbuda Warbler B B 19 6.9 0.2 6.4 7.2 Barbuda Specimens Smithsonian formerly Dendroica subita

Setophaga graciae Grace's Warbler B B 40 7.9 0.6 7 9.8 Arizona, USA Martin unpublished data formerly Dendroica graciae

Protonotaria citrea Prothonotary Warbler B M 72 13.9 1.2 12 17 B Oklahoma, USA Wood 2007 data from other states also included F 84 14.8 1.3 12 17 Helmitheros vermivorum Worm-eating Warbler B B 130 13.2 0.8 12 15.5 B southern Indiana Ruhl & Dunning, in press

Cardellina pusilla Wilson's Warbler B M 181 7.5 1.2 6 12 M Texas, USA Wood et al. 2016 formerly Wilsonia pusilla F 18 7.9 1.4 6 10 Euthlypis lachrymosa Fan-tailed Warbler B B 233 15.6 2.2 10 21 El Salvador SalvaNATURA database typo corrected in species mean

Myioborus torquatus Collared Redstart B U 25 9.7 2.7 8.5 11.9 Costa Rica Sealy & Neudorf 2017

Basileuterus cinereicollis Gray-throated Warbler N U 8 15.1 14.1 16.4 Columbia Donegan unpubl.

Basileuterus conspicillatus White-lored Warbler N M 3 13.5 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished F 5 13 Basileuterus culicivorus Golden-crowned Warbler B M 37 9.2 0.8 7 11 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017 F 12 8.5 1.1 7 11.5 Basileuterus culicivorus White-bellied Warbler B U 33 11.4 0.8 10 13 Brazil Cavalcanti & Marini 1993 lumped by Clements 2012 hypoleucus Basileuterus tristriatus daedalus Three-striped Warbler B B 150 13.2 1 10.3 15.5 West Andes & Columbia Donegan 2014

Basileuterus tristriatus auricularis Three-striped Warbler B B 79 12.9 1.1 10.7 16.5 East Andes & Columbia Donegan 2014

Basileuterus tristriatus sanlucasensisThree-striped Warbler B M 12.4 Columbia Salaman 2015 check Donegan 2014 for larger sample

Basileuterus melanotis Costa Rican Warbler N B 4 12 10.5 13 Costa Rica; Panama Specimens FMNH, Kansas Univ Split from basileuterus tristriatus by AOU 2016

Basileuterus tacarcunae Tarcaruna Warbler N M 1 13.2 Donegan 2014 Split from basileuterus tristriatus by AOU 2016

Basileuterus melanogenys Black-cheeked Warbler B U 42 11.5 3.2 11 14.4 Costa Rica Sealy & Neudorf 2017

Zeledonia coronata Wrenthrush B U 21 19.9 2.9 17.8 23.1 Costa Rica Sealy & Neudorf 2017

Xenoligea montana White-winged Warbler N B 10 12.2 1.1 10.1 14 Hispaniola specimens Univ Kansas specimens Univ Michigan

Family Icteriidae Icteria virens Yellow-breasted Chat B M 19 27.8 2.7 24 34 Texas, USA Wood et al. 2016 F 15 27.5 2.3 25 33

Family Thraupidae Conothraupis mesoleuca Cone-billed Tanager N B 2 15.2 15 15.5 Mato Grosso, Brazil Candia-Gallardo et al. 2010

Chlorospingus ophthalmicus Common Bush-Tanager B M 1 20.2 Columbia Avendano et al. 2014 olsoni Chlorospingus flavigularis Yellow-throated Chlorospingus B U 39 25.9 0.3 Peru Sanchez-Martinez & Londono 2016 Conirostrum margaritae Pearly-breasted Conebill N M 5 12.8 12 13.5 Johnson 2016 F 2 13.3 12.5 14 Hemispingus melanotis Black-eared (Piura) Hemispingus N B 7 15.4 14.1 16.8 Peru Specimens Mus SW Biology lumped by Clements 2008 piurae/macrophrys Pyrrhocoma ruficeps Chestnut-headed Tanager B M 27 14.4 1.5 12.2 18.5 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017 F 18 14.7 2 12 19.5 Hemithraupis guira Guira Tanager B M 14 12.5 1.1 9.5 14 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017 F 8 13.4 11.8 15.5 Nemosia rourei Cherry-throated Tanager N U 1 22 Brazil Bauer et al. 2000

Orthogonys chloricterus Olive-green Tanager N U 1 39 Brazil Bencke 2010

Habia gutturalis Sooty Ant-Tanager N U 12 36.8 2.2 33.4 39.3 Columbia Donegan, unpubl.

Habia cristata Crested Ant-Tanager N M 1 50 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished F 1 43 Chlorothraupis carmioli frenata Carmiol's Tanager B U 7 37.6 Peru Valdez-Juarez & Londono 2016

Lanio versicolor White-winged Shrike-Tanager B B 18 19.5 5.2 B Peru Ceron-Cardona et al. 2018

Ramphocelus bresilius Brazilian Tanager B U 11 32.2 27.5 36 Brazil Oniki 1981, Magalhaes et al. 2007 new source added

Ramphocelus passerinii costaricensisScarlet-rumped (Cherrie's) TanagerN M 4 32.8 30.3 35.4 Panama Hartman 1955 lumped by Clements 2018 F 3 30.7 27 33.1 Bangsia rothschildi Golden-cheeked Tanager N M 1 48.5 del Hoyo et al. 2011

Anisognathus melanogenys Santa Marta Mountain-Tanager B U 19 40.5 3 3.8 44.7 Columbia Donegan & Avendano 2010

Anisognathus lacrymosus Lacrimose Mountain-Tanager B U 209 37.4 3.4 22.4 47.5 Columbia Donegan & Avendano 2010 olivaceiceps Anisognathus lacrymosus Lacrimose Mountain-Tanager B U 13 35.9 1.9 32.5 40.3 Columbia Donegan & Avendano 2010 yariguierum Anisognathus lacrymosus Lacrimose Mountain-Tanager B U 57 35.3 2.2 30.6 40 Columbia; Ecuador Donegan & Avendano 2010 palpebrosus Anisognathus notabilis Black-chinned Mountain-TanagerN U 3 57.2 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished

Iridosornis porphyrocephala Purplish-mantled Tanager N B 8 23.9 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished

Tangara cabanisi Azure-rumped Tanager N F 1 14 Guatemala; heavy fat Specimens MVZ, Berkely

Tangara seledon Green-headed Tanager B B 17 18.8 Paraguay Teixeira et al. 1989, Foster 1987 Foster & Johnson 2017 Tangara dowii Spangle-cheeked Tanager N U 11 20.3 1.6 17.2 23 Costa Rica Sealy & Neudorf 2017

Tangara fastuosa Seven-colored Tanager N F 1 30 Specimens Royal Ontario Mus.

Tangara johannae Blue-whiskered Tanager N F 1 21.5 Ecuador Specimen West. Found Vert. Zool Dacnis lineata egregia Black-faced (Yellow-tufted) DacnisN M 1 10 Columbia Specimens WVZ, Berkeley split from D. lineata by del Hoyo F 1 9.5 Dacnis viquieri Viridian Dacnis N M 1 13 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished

Oreothraupis arremonops Tanager Finch N U 2 48 44 52 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished

Phrygilus erythronotus White-throated Sierra-Finch N U 1 30.5 Schulenberg & Jaramillo 2013

Diuca speculifera White-winged Diuca-Finch N B 17 45.2 2.8 40.7 50.3 Bolivia; Peru Specimens Univ Alaska; Univ Kansas Specimens Univ Michigan; Berkeley, Museum SW Biolo

Family Emberizidae Latoucheornis siemsseni Slaty Bunting N U 2 13.1 12.5 13.7 China Specimens Univ. Kansas

Porphyrospiza caerulescens Blue Finch N U 13 del Hoyo et al. 2011 formerly Yellow-billed Blue Finch also formerly in Cardinalidae, moved by Clements 2008 Emberiza citrinella Yellowhammer B M 9755 30.7 26.9 35.2 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 5784 29.6 25.8 34 Emberiza koslowi Tibetan Bunting N U 25 weight approximate del Hoyo et al. 2011

Emberiza hortulana Ortolan Bunting B B 247 23.5 20.3 28 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Emberiza sahari House Bunting B B 17 14.8 12 18 Algeria; Chad Cramp et al. 1994 formerly Emberiza striolata

Emberiza striolata Striolated Bunting N U 12 16 del Hoyo et al. 2011 split from E. sahari by HBW

Emberiza tahapisi Cinnamon-breasted Bunting B U 361 13.5 13.4 14.5 Nigeria Cox et al. 2011

Emberiza pusilla Little Bunting B B 386 14.2 12.4 16.4 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Emberiza rustica Rustic Bunting B M 1203 18.6 16.8 20.6 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F 657 17.7 15.8 20.1 Emberiza aureola Yellow-breasted Bunting B B 40 21.2 15.8 26.6 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015

Emberiza spodocephala Black-faced Bunting B M 139 17.1 1.2 W Taiwan Shiu et al. 2005 F 166 16.3 1.4 Emberiza schoeniclus Reed Bunting B M #### 19.2 17 21.7 Finland Piha & Lehikoinen 2015 F #### 17.2 15.3 19.9 Nesospiza questi Nightingale Island Finch N U 24 29 del Hoyo et al. 2011 also known as Nightingale Bunting

Rowettia goughensis Gough Island Finch N M 20 60.1 3.4 53 66.1 Gough Island Ryan & Cuthbert 2008 F 27 57.2 3.9 50.2 67.8 Poospiza ornata Cinnamon Warbling-Finch B U 12.7 Argentina Rios et al. 2012

Poospiza alticola Plain-tailed Warbling-Finch N F 5 20.3 18.1 22.7 Peru Specimens Museum SW Biol

Poospiza cabanisi Gray-throated Warbling-Finch N M 4 17.4 16.2 19.7 Uruguay Specimens Yale Peabody Mus split from Poospiza lateralis by Clements 2013 F 3 18.5 14.9 22.8 Poospiza whitii Black-and-chestnut Warbling-FinchN U 1 17 Fiora 1934 split from Poospiza nigrorufa, Clements 2018 Poospiza rubecula Rufous-breasted Warbling-Finch N U 4 24.4 21 26 Zambrano 2010

Poospiza caesar Chestnut-breasted Mountain-FinchN B 7 37.3 32.7 39 Peru Specimens Mus SW Biology

Sporophila simplex Drab Seedeater N M 4 10.7 9.8 11.5 Peru Specimens Univ Michigan F 4 11.8 10.6 13 Specimens Berkeley; Univ New Mex Sporophila bouvreuil Capped Seedeater N B 6 8.2 7.4 8.6 Paraguay; Suriname Specimens Univ Kansas formerly known as Capped Seedeater Specimens Yale Peabody Mus Sporophila murallae Caqueta Seedeater N M 1 15 Columbia Specimens MVZ, Berkeley

Sporophila falcirostris Temminck's Seedeater N U 11 Brazil Vale et al. 2018

Sporophila frontalis Buffy-fronted Seedeater N U 19.8 21 del Hoyo et al. 2011

Sporophila plumbea Plumbeous Seedeater B M 31 10.5 0.9 Brazil Repenning & Fontana 2013

Sporophila beltoni Tropeiro Seedeater N M 74 12 0.6 Brazil Repenning & Fontana 2013 new species described in this source F 36 11.8 1 Sporophila morelleti Morelet's Seedeater E B 41 8.7 1 6.3 12 B Mexico; Belize, Honduras LSU specimens split from Sporophila torqueola by AOS 2018 Guatemala Sporophila torqueola Cinnamon-rumped Seedeater N B 17 0.7 8.4 11 western Mexico Specimens Univ Michigan, Berkeley also known as White-collared Seedeater Royal Ont Mus, Univ BC, Texas A&M Sporophila pileata Pearly-bellied Seedeater B B 22 8.6 7.6 10 Argentina Darrieu & Camperi 1996 split from Sporophila bouvrevil by Clements 2012

Sporophila hypoxantha Tawny-bellied Seedeater N 9 Franz and Fontana 2013

Charitospiza eucosma Coal-crested Finch N B 31 10.8 Brazil Diniz & Stanos 2010

Melopyrrha nigra taylori Cuban Bullfinch B M 7 17.2 16.1 18.6 Grand Cayman Island Garrido et al. 2014 split as separate species by authors F 4 15.7 15.4 16 Loxigilla barbadensis Barbados Bullfinch N U 13.2 18.1 del Hoyo et al. 2011

Acanthidops bairdi Peg-billed Finch B B 9 16.8 15.4 18.3 Costa Rica Sealy & Neudorf 2017 formerly Acanthidops bairdii

Diglossa plumbea Slaty Flowerpiercer B B 24 8.7 8.1 9.6 Costa Rica Sealy & Neudorf 2017

Paroaria nigrogenis Masked Cardinal N M 3 21.5 20.9 22.3 Specimens FMNH

Paroaria baeri Crimson-fronted Cardinal N B 9 25.9 1 24.5 27 Brazil Lopes & Gonzaga 2013

Sicalis taczanowskii Sulphur-throated Finch N F 1 20 Peru Specimen MVZ Berkeley

Emberizoides ypiranganus Lesser Grass-Finch B M 40 20.9 1.2 Brazil Chiarani & Fontana 2015 F 12 20.2 1.2 Embernagra longicauda Pale-throated Pampa-Finch N U 18 41 3.1 35.3 49 Brazil Freitas, unpublished data formerly Pale-throated Serra-Finch

Sicalis lutea Puna Yellow-Finch N U 14.6 17.9 del Hoyo et al. 2011 Sicalis mendozae Monte Yellow-Finch N U 29 18.1 0.8 16.5 19.8 Argentina Areta et al. 2012 species raised in source

Sicalis auriventris Greater Yellow-Finch B M 30 26.4 22 31.6 Areta et al. 2012 original book data in error, see Areta et al. 2012 F 8 27.1 22.2 29.2 Pselliophorus luteoviridis Yellow-green Finch N M 3 33.2 31.5 35.5 Panama Specimens Univ. Kansas F 1 35.5 Atlapetes latinuchus elaeoprorus Yellow-breasted Brush-Finch N U 2 28.9 27.5 30.3 Donegan 2007

Atlapetes melanolaemus Black-faced Brush-Finch N U 27.5 30.5 del Hoyo et al. 2011

Atlapetes leucopis White-rimmed Brush-Finch N M 1 43 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished

Atlapetes canigenis Cuzco Brush-Finch N M 8 28.5 26.8 30 Peru Specimens Kansas Univ. F 6 26.8 23.7 29.8 Museum SWern Biology Atlapetes seebohmi Bay-crowned Brush-Finch N B 14 29.5 3.1 25.2 37.6 Specimens of Mus SW Biology

Atlapetes leucopterus dresseri White-winged Brush-Finch N B 14 22.7 19 26.1 Donegan 2007

Atlapetes leucopterus paynteri White-winged Brush-Finch N B 6 24.9 23 26.5 Donegan 2007

Atlapetes albiceps White-headed Brush-Finch N B 6 36.6 34.9 39 Paynter 1972

Atlapetes pallidiceps Pale-headed Brush-Finch N B 31 28.9 3.6 20 35 Ecuador Krabbe, unpublished data

Atlapetes rufigenis Rufous-eared Brushfinch N M 1 45.2 Peru Specimens Mus. SW Biology F 1 48 Atlapetes forbesi Apurimac Brushfinch N B 4 31.4 28.6 33.4 Peru Specimens Mus. SW Biology

Atlapetes melanopsis Black-spectacled Brush-Finch N B 2 29.6 28.7 30.5 Peru Museum SWern Biology also listed as Atlapetes melanops

Atlapetes semirufus Ochre-breasted Brush-Finch N B 32 29.2 1.9 Venezuela Biancucci & Martin 2008

Atlapetes terborghi Vilcabamba Brushfinch N U 1 25.7 Schulenberg 2015

Arremon torquatus borelli White-browed Brush-Finch B B 12 36.1 2 32 39 Specimens FMNH, Smithsonian

Arremon torquatus virenticeps White-browed Brush-Finch B B 26 34.8 2.5 30 39 Jalisco, Mexico Specimens FMNH

Arremon torquatus fimbriatus White-browed Brush-Finch B B 12 34.2 2.7 31 39 Bolivia Specimens Smithsonian

Arremon assimilis Gray-browed Brush-Finch N B 20 39 2.9 33 44.3 Specimens Mus SW Biology split from A. troquatus, Clements 2011

Arremon atricapillus Black-headed Brush-Finch E U 9 44.6 40 49 Panama Blake unpubl. formerly Buarremon troquatus split from A. troquatus, Clements 2011 Arremon costaricensis Costa Rican Brush-Finch N U 40 49.5 del Hoyo et al. 2011 split from A. troquatus, Clements 2011

Arremon semitorquatus Half-collared Sparrow N U 2 26.5 26 27 Brazil Paula de Faria & Sousa de Paula 2008

Spizella pusilla Field Sparrow B U 78 12.9 1.3 11 20 Texas, USA Wood et al. 2016 Artemisiospiza nevadensis Sagebrush Sparrow B M 50 18.5 0.2 15.9 21.9 Oregon, USA Martin & Carlson 1998 formerly in genus Amphispiza F 27 17.7 0.3 15.3 20.9 Artemisiospiza belli belli Bell's Sparrow B B 48 15 12.7 16.8 B California, USA Martin & Carlson 1998 split from Artemisiospiza belli by Clements 2013

Passerculus sandwichensis Savannah Sparrow N U 19.4 24 del Hoyo et al. 2011 split by HBW, but not AOU sanctorum Passerella iliaca Fox Sparrow B U 88 33.1 2.3 26 40 Texas, USA Wood et al. 2016

Melospiza melodia Song Sparrow B U 98 20.2 1.9 17 28 Texas, USA Wood et al. 2016

Melospiza melodia maxima Song Sparrow B M 175 45.7 5 Aleutian Islands, USA Pruett & Winker 2010

Melospiza melodia sanaka Song Sparrow B M 22 44.8 2 Aleutian Islands, USA Pruett & Winker 2010

Melospiza melodia insignis Song Sparrow B M 11 38.8 2 Alaska, USA Pruett & Winker 2010

Melospiza melodia caurina Song Sparrow B M 17 28.4 1.9 Alaska, USA Pruett & Winker 2010

Melospiza melodia rufina Song Sparrow B M 50 27.3 2.3 Alaska, USA Pruett & Winker 2010

Melospiza melodia merrilli Song Sparrow B M 13 23.7 1.3 Alaska, USA Pruett & Winker 2010

Melospiza lincolnii Lincoln's Sparrow B U 434 15.6 1.4 10 20 Texas, USA Wood et al. 2016

Junco bairdi Baird's Junco N M 7 17.9 16.7 19 Baja California Sur, MexicoBanks 1967 split by AOU 2017

Zonotrichia capensis Rufous-collared Sparrow B M 96 24.4 2.4 16.1 30.7 Peru Davis & Burtt 2019 F 50 22.8 2.5 18 28.4 Camarhynchus pauper Medium Tree-Finch N U 16 15.7 2.4 Floreana, Galapagos IslandsLangton & Kleindorfer 2019

Geospiza acutirostris Genovesa Ground-Finch E U 12.3 Genovesa, Galapagos IslandsAbbott et al. 1977 split from Geospiza difficilis, Clements 2017

Geospiza difficilis Sharp-beaked Ground-Finch N M 1 17 Pinta Is., Galapagos Specimens Cal. Acad. Science

Geospiza propinqua Genovesa Cactus-Finch N M 3 27.2 26.5 28 Galapagos Islands Speciments Cal. Acad. Science split from Geospiza conirostris, Clements 2017 F 2 22.8 22 23.5 Certhidea fusca Gray Warbler-Finch N U 8 Galapagos Islands del Hoyo et al. 2011 split from c. olivacea

Family Cardinalidae Saltator nigriceps Black-cowled Saltator N M 1 67 Ecuador Specimens Philly ANS

Saltator rufiventris Rufous-bellied Saltator N B 67.8 80.5 del Hoyo et al. 2011

Cardinalis phoeniceus Vermillion Cardinal N M 1 35 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished

Cardinalis cardinalis Northern Cardinal B M 132 42.2 2.4 36 48 Texas, USA Wood et al. 2016 F 183 40.6 2.6 34 49 Cyanoloxia glaucocaerulea Glaucous-blue Grosbeak B U 10 18.1 16 19.5 Brazil; Paraguay Belton 1985, Oniki 1981 Foster & Johnson 2017 Cyanoloxia rothschildii Amazonian Grosbeak N M 6 24.7 22.3 29 Guyana; Suriname Specimens Univ Kansas split from Cyanoloxia cyanoides, Clements 2018 F 1 26.7 Specimens Univ Michigan Passerina ciris Painted Bunting B M 13 16 0.8 15 18 Texas, USA Wood et al. 2016 F 55 14.7 1.1 12 17

Family Icteridae Sturnella superciliaris White-browed Blackbird B M 5 45.8 42 52 Brazil Bugoni et al. 2002 F 5 57.5 56 60 Anumara forbesi Forbes's Blackbird N U 57.2 Brazil Vale et al. 2018 formerly Curaeus forbesi, Clements 2014

Molothrus fringillarius Pale Baywing N M 40.1 del Hoyo et al. 2011 split from Molothrus badius by HBW

Molothrus rufoaxillaris Screaming Cowbird B M 3 61 56 65 Brazil; Paraguay Belton 1985, Foster & Johnson 2017 F 2 47.5 38 57 Molothrus armenti Bronze-brown Cowbird N M 40.8 del Hoyo et al. 2011 F 30.7 Icterus pyrrhopterus Variable Oriole N M 33.3 Argentina del Hoyo et al. 2011 split from Icterus cayanensis F 30.4 Icterus cayanensis Epaulet Oriole B M 7 31.4 28 34 Paraguay Foster & Johnson 2017 F 7 29.9 27 31.9 Icterus graceannae White-edged Oriole N M 1 38.5 Ecuador Specimens Philly ANS

Icterus icterus Venezuelan Troupial B M 23 77.4 6 65.5 88 Puerto Rico Arendt et al. 2004 F 20 67.2 3.4 60.9 73.1 Icterus croconotus Orange-backed Troupial N F 1 54.5 Ecuador Specimens Philly ANS split by AOU in 2008

Icterus jamaicaii Campo Troupial B B 3 43.4 40.3 48 Bolivia Kratter et al. 1993 split by AOU in 2008

Icterus spurius fuertesi Orchard (Fuertes's) Oriole E M 2 19 18.8 19.2 Mexico ROM specimens lumped by Clements 2008

Icterus northropi Bahama Oriole N M 12 40 2.3 36.1 43.8 B Bahamas M. Price, unpublished data split by Garrido et al. 2005

Cacicus chrysonotus Southern Mountain Cacique N M 92.5 del Hoyo et al. 2011 F 66.5 Cacicus leucoramphus Northern Mountain Cacique N M 98 del Hoyo et al. 2011 split from C. chrysonotos by HBW F 64.5 Psarocolius angustifrons Russet-backed Oropendola B M 4 436 Peru; Bolivia Fraga & Kreft 2007 alfredi F 4 210 Gymnostinops bifasciatus Para Oropendola N M 430 del Hoyo et al. 2011 split by HBW from G. bifasciatus F 198 Gymnostinops yuracares Olive Oropendola B M 7 463 Peru; Bolivia Fitzpatrick et al. unpubl., Fraga & Kreftformerly 2007 Gymnostinops bifasciatus F 5 246 Hypopyrrhus pyrohypogaster Red-bellied Grackle N M 135 Columbia Ocampo et al. 2012 F 97 Lampropsar tanagrinus Velvet-fronted Grackle N F 3 52.5 44.5 62 Ecuador; Peru Specimens Philly ANS

Macroagelaius subalaris Mountain Grackle N F 1 62 Columbia Echeverry-Galvis, unpublished split from T. chlororhynchos accepted by Hockey split from Pterodroma macroptera, Clements 2016

split from Pterodroma feae by del Hoyo et al. 2013 split from Pterodroma leucoptera by Clements 2012

split from P. aequinoctialis by Clements 2008 split from Townsend's Shearwater by AOU 2015

split from Audubon's Shearwater, Clements 2008

split from Audubon's Shearwater, Clements 2009 split from Audubon's Shearwater, Clements 2009 split from Audubon's Shearwater, Clements 2009

formerly known as White-vented Storm-Petrel

species split from O. castro by Bolton et al. 2008 formerly considered a subspecies of A. melanogaster

formerly considered a subspecies of A. melanogaster lumped by Clements 2008, split again Clements 2018

split from X. udzungnensis by del Hoyo et al. 2013

authors place in genus Mentocrex, as with kioloides previously known as R. longirostris before split

found Siberia through Japan, winters SE Asia, Borneo

split by AOU from G. chloropus, check sci name split from Burhinus oedicnemus, Clements 2011

AOU split these two in July 2007 supplement split by BOU in 2011 from Sterna sandvicensis

split from Chalcophaps indica, Clements 2016 split from Chalcophaps indica, Clements 2016 split from Ptilinopus porphyraceus, Clements 2016 split from Treron pompadora by Clements 2012

split from D. bicolor by Clement 2014. Also known

split from Brush Cuckoo - need common name

split from Eudynamys scolopaceus by Clements 2015 split from Eudynamys scolopaceus by Clements 2015 split from Eudynamys scolopaceus by Clements 2015 split from Eudynamys scolopaceus by Clements 2015

split from Cercococcyx mechowi by this source split from Hierococcyx sparverioides, Clement 2016

lumped in Clements 2014, split again Clements 2016

split from Centropus sinensis in Clements 2014 split from O. bakkamoena by Konig & Weick 2008

split from O. bakkamoena by Konig & Weick 2008

formerly Vermiculated Screech-Owl, Megascops vermiculatus split again from M. guatemalae, Clements 2018 formerly Rio Napo Screech--Owl, Megascops napensis split from Ninox philippensis by Clements 2013 split from Ninox philippensis by Clements 2013

split from Aegotheles bennettii by Clements 2013 split from Systellura longirostris, Clements 2016

formerly Hispaniolan Nightjar, Caprimulgus ekmani split from Collocalia esculenta, Clements 2017 split from Collocalia esculenta, Clements 2017 split from Collocalia esculenta, Clements 2017 split from Collocalia esculenta, Clements 2017 split from Collocalia esculenta, Clements 2017

species split from C. parvus by Mills et al. 2019

split form Threnetes leucurus, Clements 2008 split from Phaethornis longirostris, AOU 2015 split from Stephanoxis lalandii by Clements 2015

split from Campylopterus largipennis, Clements 2018

split from Stephanoxis lalandii by Clements 2015

split from Todiramphus chloris by Clements 2015

split from Todiramphus chloris by Clements 2015 split from Todiramphus chloris by Clements 2015 split from Todiramphus chloris by Clements 2015

split from Todiramphus cinnamominus by Clement 2015 split from Todiramphus chloris by Clements 2015

split from Buccanodon duchaillui by Boersman & Collar 2019 lumped by Clements 2013, split by del Hoyo 2013

species split 7 ways by Puebla-Olivares et al 2008

data formerly listed under this species now attributable to A. paraensis lumped by Clements 2008, split again Clements 2013

Split from Lepidocolaptes albolineatus by Clements 2015

Split from Lepidocolaptes albolineatus by Clements 2015

Split from Lepidocolaptes albolineatus by Clements 2015

split from Frederickena unduligera by Clement 2013 split from Thamnistes anabatinus, Clements 2018

split from Dysithamnus plumbeus in Clements 2013

check above data with original source - location? split from Epinecrophylla haematonata, Clements 2016 split from Epinecrophylla haematonata, Clements 2016 previously known as Bicolored Antbird before split

split from Conopophaga lineata, Clements 2016

also known as Striped Manakin, Clements 2018 split from Zimmerius vilissimus, Clements 2018 split from Zimmerius vilissimus, Clements 2018 split from Zimmerius vilissimus, Clements 2018 check that sources are from this species range includes H. archeri, which Spottiswoode et al. 2013 found conspecific

Split from Alaudala rufescens, Clements 2016 split from Edolisoma (C.) tenuirostris by Clements 2012 formerly known as San Cristobal Cuckoo-shrike split from Pycnonotus blandfordi, Clements 2017 formerly part of R. teneriffae, lumped by Clements 2018 formerly (C.) Thryothorus modestus, split AOU s016 formerly (C.) Thryothorus modestus, split AOU 2016 lumped by Clements 2008, split again Clements 2013

split from Henicorhina leucophrys, by AOS 2018

Split from Zoothera mollissima, Clements 2016 not clear if separate species from T. olivaceus

split from A. luscinius based on Cibois et al. 2011

split from A. luscinius based on Cibois et al. 2011 split from Orthotomus atrogularis by Clements 2013 split from Phylloscopus borealis by AOU 2014 split from Sylvia cantillans by Svensson 2013, ssp name proposed there also split from Sylvia cantillans by Svensson 2013 split from Ficedula narcissina by Clements 2014

split from Ficedula hyperythra Clements2015 split from S. erythrothorax by del Hoyo et al. 2013 split again by Clements 2012 (formerly lumped in 2008) split again by Clements 2012 (formerly lumped in 2008)

split from Oenanthe lugens by Clements 2014 split from Lamprolia victoriae, Clements 2017

split from Rhipidura cyaniceps by Clements 2012 split from Terpsiphone paradisi by Clements 2015 split from Terpsiphone paradisi by Clements 2015 split from Myiagra azureocapilla, Clements 2016 split from Pachycephala pectoralis by Clements 2012 split from Pachycephala pectoralis by Clements 2012 split from Pachycephala pectoralis by Clements 2012 split from Pachycephala pectoralis by Clements 2012 split from Pachycephala pectoralis by Clements 2012 split from Garrulax jerdoni by Clements 2013 formerly Napothera rabori, Rusty-headed Babbler formerly Napothera sorsogonensis, Gray-banded Babbler That species now Stachyris humei, not found in Myanmar

split from Turdoides caudata by Clements 2013 split from C. castaneothorax by Clements 2012 split from C. cinnamomeum by Clements 2012

split from Aethopyga boltoni by Clements 2013 split from Aethopyga flagrans by Clements 2013 split from Aethopyga pulcherimma by Clements 2013 split from Aethopyga pulcherimma by Clements 2013

split from Aethopyga siparaja by Clements 2013 split from Z. palpebrosus & Z. japonicus by Lim et al. 2019 also known as Gray or Gray-brown White-eye split from Myzomela cardinalis, Clements 2017

split from Foulehaio carunculata in Clements 2014 split from Lanius isabellinus by Clements 2013

also known as Laniaius willardi, Willard's Sooty Boubou split from Lophorina superba, Clements 2017

split from Ailuroedus buccoides, Clement 2016 split from Ailuroedus buccoides, Clement 2016

Split from Ailuroedus melanotis, Clements 2016 split from Aphelocoma californica by AOU 2016 split from Aphelocoma californica by AOU 2016 split from A. wollweberi (Mex. Jay) by AOU 2011

Split from basileuterus tristriatus by AOU 2016

Split from basileuterus tristriatus by AOU 2016 also formerly in Cardinalidae, moved by Clements 2008

split from Poospiza lateralis by Clements 2013 split from Poospiza nigrorufa, Clements 2018 split from Sporophila torqueola by AOS 2018

split from Sporophila bouvrevil by Clements 2012 original book data in error, see Areta et al. 2012 split from Artemisiospiza belli by Clements 2013

split from Geospiza conirostris, Clements 2017 split from Cyanoloxia cyanoides, Clements 2018