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Introduced Aquatic Species in California Open Coastal Waters Final Report

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Introduced Aquatic Species in California Open Coastal Waters Final Report Introduced Aquatic Species in California Open Coastal Waters Final Report December 2006 California Department of Fish and Game San Jose State University Foundation/ Moss Landing Marine Laboratories AUTHORS Erin R. Maloney, Russell Fairey, Ashleigh Lyman, Kyle Reynolds, Marco Sigala Moss Landing Marine Laboratories/Marine Pollution Studies Laboratory This report should be cited as: Maloney, E., Fairey, R., Lyman, A., Reynolds, K., Sigala, M. 2006. Introduced Aquatic Species in California Open Coastal Waters. Final Report. California Department of Fish and Game. Office of Spill Prevention and Response. Sacramento, CA., 93 pp. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This study was completed thanks to the efforts of the following individuals: California Department of Fish and Game: Project Management and Reporting Marian Ashe, Michael Sowby, Peter Ode, Steve Foss San Jose State University Foundation- Moss Landing Marine Laboratories Marine Pollution Studies Laboratory: Project oversight, field sampling, literature review and data analysis Russell Fairey, Erin Maloney, Ashleigh Lyman, Mark Pranger, Marco Sigala, Kyle Reynolds, Phil Hoos, Maya George, Whelan Gilkerson, Mark Gleason, Jason Felton, Vince Christian, Jon Walsh. Marine Benthic Ecology Laboratory: Project oversight, training, sample transfer, sorting and gross taxonomy, data entry Alta Anzalone, Melissa Apodaca, Daniele Ardizzone, Ethan Barnes, Lewis Barnett, Luie Camilli, Aaron Carlisle, Stepheni Ceperley, Jesse Christiansen, Paul Chua, Eric Cronk, Jenny Erbes, Daphne Gehringer, Cori Gibble, Rob Haas, Kamille Hammerstrom, Andy Hansen, Scott Hansen, Brian Hoover, Brent Hughes, Berkeley Kauffman, Diana Kohtio, Lyndsey Lefebvre, Paula Lin, Jim Oakden, John Oliver, Alexis Osgood, Chelsea Phillips, Alex Ponik, Catalina Reyes, Heather Robinson, Jayna Schaaf, Greg Schroeder, Peter Slattery, Rachael Spencer, Andrew Thurber, Brad Travers, Tonatiuh Trejo, Sam Trimmer, Jared von Schell, Tom Wadsworth, Jon Walsh, Megan Wehrenberg. The following individuals contributed extensively to species identification and introduction status determinations (additional information listed in Appendix B): Shane Anderson, Kelvin Barwick, Shannon Carpenter, Rachel Collin, Jack Engle, Daphne Fautin, Matt Forrest, Jeff Goddard, Leslie Harris, Gordon Hendler, Gretchen Lambert, Welton Lee, Megan Lilly, John Ljubenkov, Valerie Macdonald, Laurie McConnico, Kathy Ann Miller, Steve Murray, Jaya Nolt, John Pearse, Tony Phillips, Richard Rowe, John Ryland, Greg Schroeder, Peter Slattery, Paul Valentich-Scott. We would also like to thank Pete Raimondi, Dave Lohse, Jack Engle, Steve Murray, Steve Lee and Kathy Ann Miller for advice on sampling protocols and site selection. We would like to thank Bonnie Becker, Jarrett Byrnes, Beth Christian, Matt Dubois, Steve Foss, Kamille Hammerstrom, David Kushner, Steve Lonhart, Karl Menard, Melissa Miner, Joe Newman, Matt Paulson, Vikki Pearse, John Tarpley, Jay Tunstin and Chris Wiese for help during field sampling, often volunteering. The following people and institutions provided vessel transportation and support to survey sites: Curt Buyser, Mark Crossland, Bob Farrell, Dennis McKiver, Jerry Mendes (CDFG); Jamie Grover (UCSC); Shane Anderson (UCSB); Skyli McAfee and Henry Fastenau (UCD); Henri Chomeau on his boat the Blue Jacket (Tatman Foundation); John Lindsay (PG&E). 3 Thanks to the following institutions for access to field sites: Bodega Marine Reserve (UCD), Point Reyes National Seashore (NPS), Fitzgerald marine Reserve (CDFG), Ano Nuevo State Reserve, Montana de Oro State Park, Vandenberg Airforce Base, Carpinteria State Park, Diablo Canyon (PG&E), Paradise Cove (private), Cabrillo Marine Reserve (Cabrillo Marine Aquarium), Dana Point Marine life Reserve (Ocean Institute), Cabrillo National Monument (NPS). Thanks to the following photographers for sharing species photographs: George Brooks and the California Academy of Sciences, Andrew Cohen, Leslie Harris, John H. Hollemank, Kathy Ann Miller and Greg Schroeder. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................................................3 TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................................5 LIST OF TABLES.......................................................................................................................................................7 LIST OF FIGURES.....................................................................................................................................................7 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................9 OUTER COAST SURVEY SITES..................................................................................................................................11 Site Selection......................................................................................................................................................11 Point Saint George.............................................................................................................................................11 Cape Mendocino ................................................................................................................................................11 Shelter Cove.......................................................................................................................................................11 Point Arena ........................................................................................................................................................12 Bodega ...............................................................................................................................................................12 Point Reyes.........................................................................................................................................................12 Fitzgerald...........................................................................................................................................................14 Pigeon Point.......................................................................................................................................................14 Ano Nuevo..........................................................................................................................................................14 Point Sur ............................................................................................................................................................14 Point Sierra Nevada...........................................................................................................................................14 Diablo Cove .......................................................................................................................................................15 Purisima Point ...................................................................................................................................................15 Point Conception................................................................................................................................................15 Arroyo Hondo ....................................................................................................................................................17 Carpinteria.........................................................................................................................................................17 Point Dume ........................................................................................................................................................17 Point Fermin ......................................................................................................................................................17 Dana Point.........................................................................................................................................................17 Pin Rock, Catalina Island ..................................................................................................................................18 Point La Jolla.....................................................................................................................................................18 Point Loma.........................................................................................................................................................18 METHODS.................................................................................................................................................................20 SUMMARY OF INTRODUCTION STATUS DETERMINATIONS.......................................................................................20 SUMMARY OF SAMPLING DESIGN ............................................................................................................................20 Field Protocol Design........................................................................................................................................20 SUMMARY OF FIELD SAMPLING METHODS ..............................................................................................................21 Sampling
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