DOCSLIB.ORG

The 'Winton Children'

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The 'Winton Children' VOLUMEAJR JOURNAL 11 NO.8 AUGUSTauGUST 2011 The Italian connection his year saw the 150th anniversary State (based in Rome), Austrian influence of the unification of Italy in 1861, also remained decisive. Freedom-loving T which, along with the unification Italians perceived it as ruthlessly, evilly of Germany ten years later, transformed tyrannical; the fate of Puccini’s Tosca and the map of Europe and the international her lover Cavaradossi, one recalls, turns political order of the Continent. The in part on the outcome of the Battle of unification of Italy was closely intertwined Marengo (1800) between the Austrians, with events in pre-unification Germany, natural allies of the wicked Scarpia, and especially the power struggle between the French under Napoleon. the two principal German states, Austria The Italians and the Germans were the and Prussia, and formed an important principal national groups in Western and dimension to the history of German- Central Europe that did not have a unified, speaking Mitteleuropa in the nineteenth independent state of their own. The century. Germans lacked both the romantic appeal The historical connection between of such suppressed victim nationalities Germany and Italy reached back almost as the Poles or the Irish and the rallying 1,000 years, to the founding of the Holy force of charismatic leader figures, which Roman Empire, usually dated to the coro- the Italians undoubtedly possessed, in Count Cavour, 1810-61 nation of Otto I as emperor in 962, which the persons of Giuseppe Mazzini, the itself harked back to the coronation of the perception of Italy as the land of beauty, ideologue of Italian independence, and Frankish King Charlemagne as emperor symmetry and sunlit clarity, where the Giuseppe Garibaldi, the revolutionary in Rome in 800. Under the medieval Em- harmony in the proportions of works of nationalist commander. Austrian efforts pire, German emperors ruled over both art reflected the happy lifestyle of a people to preserve the status quo of 1815 in German and Italian territories, giving rise that, unlike its conflicted counterpart in Italy and Austrian dominance over the to such notable conflicts as that between the gloomy regions north of the Alps, peninsula were threatened by repeated the pope and the emperor and the compet- lived in harmony with itself and with the insurrectionary attempts. In 1830, a year ing parties of Guelphs and Ghibellines. natural world around it. The influence of turbulence following the revolution Such famous events in German history of Italian culture on German writers is in France that overthrew the restored as Emperor Henry IV’s walk to Canossa evident in celebrated works like Goethe’s Bourbon monarchy, there were uprisings (1077) to beg forgiveness of Pope Gregory Italian Journey, while the yearning for the in Italy, which were quickly and brutally VII, and such careers as that of Emperor Mediterranean ideal permeates the poetry suppressed by the Austrians. Frederick II (‘stupor mundi’ – ‘the wonder of Friedrich Hölderlin. But nationalist agitation continued, of the world’), were played out in Italy. At the dawn of the nineteenth century, fomented by such organisations as the Eventually, the dream of a transnational however, Austrian power lay heavily conspiratorial Carbonari (coal-burners) empire fell away and, in the early sixteenth across Italy. In 1706, Lombardy, in and Mazzini’s Young Italy. When a century, the empire was renamed the Holy the form of the Duchy of Milan, had more serious wave of revolution spread Roman Empire of the German Nation passed to the Austrian Habsburgs and, across Europe in 1848, again sparked (das Heilige Römische Reich Deutscher with the extinction of Venice as an by a revolution in Paris, it found a Nation). It was dissolved in 1806. independent power by Napoleon, the ready response in Italy, where armed The influence of Italy on German area of Venetia also came under Austrian opposition to Austrian rule broke out in culture was never stronger than in the rule. After 1815, Austria controlled these both Milan and Venice. In Milan, a popular eighteenth century, when the art historian important territories in north-eastern Italy insurrection succeeded in expelling and archaeologist Johann Joachim as the puppet Kingdom of Lombardy- the Austrian garrison and maintained Winckelmann famously defined art in Venetia. Italy, divided into numerous itself for some four months, until it was terms of his neoclassical ideal of ‘edle states, remained, in Austrian Chancellor subdued by the Austrians under Field Einfalt und stille Größe’ (‘noble simplicity Metternich’s dismissive words, ‘a Marshal Radetzky (immortalised by and serene grandeur’). This formulation, geographical expression’, its aspirations Johann Strauss’s march). In Venice, the deriving from Winckelmann’s pioneering to national liberty and autonomy stymied revolutionaries under Daniele Manin, the studies of Mediterranean, Greco-Roman by Habsburg power. In the small duchies converted son of a Jewish father, seized art, gave rise to the widespread German of central Italy, and even in the Papal continued overleaf 1 AJR JOURNAL auGUST 2011 AJR JOURNAL auGUST 2011 THE ITALIAN CONNECTION cont. from p1 ‘Double Exposure: Jewish Refugees power and held out under siege in the city from Austria in Britain’ THE AJR: 70 YEARS ON until the following year. n Tuesday 14 June, the exhibition the Austrian Refugee Voices project and Celebrating the Jewish Refugee Experience in Britain After 1848, the cause of Italian indepen- ‘Double Exposure’, which is introduced the film ‘Double Exposure’. he AJR celebrated its 70th disappointment with the response dence became increasingly entwined with Obased on interviews with former On Monday 20 June, the film was anniversary in June with an of the Austrian government. the territorial ambitions of European refugees from Austria in the AJR’s shown again at the Freud Museum. Timpressive programme of Fascinating lectures were powers and the dynastic ambitions of Refugee Voices and This was followed by events: panel discussions; lec- delivered on ‘Weimar culture’ European ruling houses. These were to Continental Britons a panel discussion tures on German and Austrian (Patrick Bade); the German exercise a large measure of influence collections, opened involving four of history and culture in the 1930s; political background of the an audio-visual presentation; film over the course of events that led to at the Austrian the interviewees refugees (Trudy Gold); Austrian Cultural Forum in screenings; and a concert of cham- culture in 1918-38 (Patrick Bade); Italian unification and independence. The who appear in it: London. The exhibi- Otto Deutsch, Elly ber music. The programme was Sigmund’s Freud’s escape to rising power within Italy was Piedmont, tion, created by Dr Miller, Peter Pulzer co-ordinated with, and hosted Britain (Professor Stephen Frosh); the area around Turin, known as the Bea Lewkowicz, is and Wolf Suschitzky; by, the London Jewish Cultural the UK the refugees encountered Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont, and ruled accompanied by a the discus sion Centre (LJCC). in 1938-39 (William Tyler MBE); by the House of Savoy. In 1848, the King of film, also entitled was chaired by Dr Members of the First, Second and growing up in Munich and and Third Generations provided Piedmont, Charles Albert, sought to take ‘Double Exposure’. Anthony Grenville. the UK (Dr Edgar Feuchtwanger). varying perspectives in the panel After the Direc- Dr Peter Mikl and Dr Bea Lewkowicz The event proved Dr Anthony Grenville spoke advantage of the weakness of the Austrians debate ‘The Legacy – Generations about his book Jewish Refugees tor of the Austrian Cultural Forum, Dr so popular that it overflowed the in Lombardy by declaring war on them; Speak Out’ on the first evening of from Germany and Austria in Peter Mikl, had welcomed those present, Freud Museum and had to be moved he was defeated by Radetzky at Custoza. the programme. Joanna Millan, ‘The Legacy – Generations Speak Out’: (from left) David Herman Britain 1933-1970 and, with Dr Bea the Austrian Ambassador, Dr Emil Brix, to the neighbouring Anna Freud When he renewed hostilities in 1849, he a board member of the AJR and (chair), Joanna Millan, Anne Karpf, Michael Newman Lewkowicz, gave a presentation opened the exhibition and spoke elo- Centre. Carol Seigel, Director of the PHOTO: JUDY TROTTER the LJCC and a member of the on the AJR’s audio-visual project was again defeated at Novara and forced quently of his high regard for the former Freud Museum, spoke to welcome the First Generation, stressed that until recent participants were human rights activist ‘Refugee Voices’. Rabbi Dr Jonathan to abdicate in favour of his son, Victor refugees and of their place in Austrian audience, who were evidently moved years many First Generation members had Helen Bamber OBE, Austrian Ambassador Wittenberg’s theme was ‘When and Emmanuel II. culture. Professor Peter Pulzer of the by the film and responded enthusiasti- wanted to speak, but ‘no one had wanted Dr Emil Brix, historian Dr Helen Fry, What do you Tell Your Children?’ and However, the consolidation of Aus- University of Oxford spoke movingly cally to the ensuing panel discussion. to hear.’ Anne Karpf, a writer, sociologist LJCC Chief Executive Trudy Gold (chair), Dr Martin Lovett OBE, a member of the trian power proved temporary, for the of his own experience as a child refu- The exhibition and film can be viewed and journalist and a member of the Second Lord Moser, Rabbi Rodney Mariner and world-famous Amadeus Quartet, was revolution of 1848 in France had brought gee and of the distinctive culture that at the Austrian Cultural Forum until Generation, stressed the impressive legacy German Deputy Ambassador Dr Eckhard interviewed by David Herman. accompanied the Viennese refugees from 2 September. to power the adventurer Louis-Napole- of the refugees in British life.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • USHMM Finding
    https://collections.ushmm.org Contact [email protected] for further information about this collection Kindertransport Association Oral History Project Interview with TOM BERMAN June 25, 1994 KEY: • [brackets] describe action in the interview • Italics indicates a word in a foreign language, spelled correctly • {italics in bracket} indicates a word in a foreign language that may be incorrect • {brackets} indicate indecipherable words [FILE: 94_AG_01_TomBerman_06_25_94] Interviewer: Okay. Today is June 25th, 1994. We’re in New York. This is Anita Gross interviewing, and if you could introduce yourself? Tom: Okay. My name is Tom Berman, and I live in Kibbutz Amiad in Israel. And I’m one of the Czech Kindertransport Kinder. Interviewer: Now, before we go into your story, you were about to tell me a story about a lady at {Chatham}, was it? Tom: No. I was going to tell you about the British Refugee Committee, which operated in Prague in 1938 and 1939. It was run by a woman called Doreen Warriner. And their main function was really helping political refugees who were swelling into Prague, first from Germany, then from Austria, and finally from the Sudetenland. I really don’t know about this committee, who founded it or sponsored it, but eventually the Kindertransport operation functioned under the aegis of this committee. So when Nicky went and set things up in December, January 1939, he had to have the blessings of this British Refugee Committee, and worked under that umbrella, although his operation was essentially independent. And the original committee work did not include children at all. So the British Refugee Committee, after Winton left, the man who was running the Czech Kindertransport operation was a man called Trevor Chadwick.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Sir Nicholas Winton
    SLEZSKÁ UNIVERZITA V OPAVĚ Filozoficko-přírodovědecká fakulta v Opavě BAKALÁŘSKÁ PRÁCE Opava 2021 Monika Hilzensauer SLEZSKÁ UNIVERZITA V OPAVĚ Filozoficko-přírodovědecká fakulta Monika Hilzensauer Obor: Angličtina pro školskou praxi Media Reception of Nicholas Winton’s Legacy in Great Britain and the Czech Republic Bakalářská práce Opava 2021 Vedoucí bakalářské práce: Mgr. Marie Crhová, Ph.D., MA Abstract This bachelor thesis deals with the media image of Nicholas Winton’s rescue operation in which he managed to save hundreds of Czechoslovak children. Predominantly from Jewish families. The introductory part describes the life of Nicholas Winton and events before the outbreak of World War II. The thesis concentrates on the how the story was represented in the media and reflects responses not only in Great Britain but also in the Czech Republic. The Slovak director Matěj Mináč, with whom an interview was conducted especially for this thesis, is a noteworthy source of information. The thesis monitors documentary and features films in Czech and British cinematography trying to find out which of those countries could have a bigger influence on “Nicolas Winton’s legacy’s presentation.“ Key words: Sir Nicholas Winton, media, rescue operation, Great Britain, Czech Republic Abstrakt Bakalářská práce pojednává o mediálním obrazu záchranné akce Nicholase Wintona, při které se podařilo zachránit stovky československých dětí, převážně z židovských rodin. Úvodní část popisuje život Nicholase Wintonova a události před vypuknutím druhé světové války. Dále se práce soustřeďuje, jakým způsobem byl příběh mediálně prezentován a reflektuje ohlasy nejen ve Velké Británii, ale také v České republice. Neobvyklým zdrojem informací je rozhovor, poskytnut výhradně pro tuto práci, se slovenským režisérem Matějem Mináčem.
    [Show full text]
  • The Kindertransport: History and Memory
    THE KINDERTRANSPORT: HISTORY AND MEMORY Jennifer A. Norton B.A., Australian National University, 1976 THESIS Submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS in HISTORY at CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, SACRAMENTO FALL 2010 © 2010 Jennifer A. Norton ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii THE KINDERTRANSPORT: HISTORY AND MEMORY A Thesis by Jennifer A. Norton Approved by: __________________________________, Committee Chair Dr. Katerina Lagos __________________________________, Second Reader Dr. Mona Siegel ____________________________ Date iii Student: Jennifer A. Norton I certify that this student has met the requirements for format contained in the University format manual, and that this thesis is suitable for shelving in the Library and credit is to be awarded for the thesis. __________________________, Department Chair ___________________ Dr. Aaron Cohen Date Department of History iv Abstract of THE KINDERTRANSPORT: HISTORY AND MEMORY by Jennifer A. Norton The Kindertransport, a British scheme to bring unaccompanied mostly Jewish refugee children threatened by Nazism to Great Britain, occupies a unique place in modern British history. In the months leading up to the Second World War, it brought over 10,000 children under the age of seventeen into the United Kingdom without their parents, to be fostered by British families and re-emigrated when they turned eighteen. Mostly forgotten in the post-war period, the Kindertransport was rediscovered in the late 1980s when a fiftieth anniversary reunion was organized. Celebrated as an unprecedented act of benevolent rescue by a generous British Parliament and people, the Kindertransport has been subjected to little academic scrutiny. The salvation construct assumes that the Kinder, who were mostly silent for fifty years, experienced little hardship and that their survival more than compensated for any trauma they suffered.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal BAS ^ Association of Jewish Refugees the Rescue of Refugee Scholars
    VOLUME 9 NO.2 FEBRUARY 2009 journal BAS ^ Association of Jewish Refugees The rescue of refugee scholars eventy-five years ago, in 1933, Robbins on the spot. The AAC, which was the Academic Assistance Council, essentially mn from within the academic known from 1936 as the Society for community in Britain, then came into being the Protection of Science and very quickly. SLeaming, was founded. The AAC/SPSL was In May 1933, a letter signed by a list of a remarkable body that played a unique part leading figures in British university and in the rescue of scholars and scientists, intellectual life was published in The Times, mostly Jewish, who had been dismissed by proposing the establishment of an organi­ the Nazis from their posts at German and sation to rescue the careers and lives of Austrian universities and whose livelihoods, displaced academics. The Council's initial and lives, were endangered. declaration was signed by over 40 of Brit­ After the passing of the Gesetz zur ain's most eminent men of scholarship, Wiederherstellung des Bemfsbeamtentums including John Maynard Keynes, Gilbert of 7 April 1933, aimed at removing racially Murray, the Presidents of the Royal Society and politically undesirable persons from and the British Academy, and 9 Chancel­ the civil service, something like a quarter Esther Simpson OBE lors or Vice-Chancellors of universities and of the academic staff at German sciences), an extraordinary record of 7 Masters or Directors of colleges. The universities and research institutes were academic achievement. celebrated scientist Lord Rutherford became dismissed, of whom some 2,000, or about The two principal initiators of the AAC the AAC's first president.
    [Show full text]
  • You Can Download the PDF Version of Sir Nicholas Winton's Life Story Here
    Sir Nicholas Winton was born in Hampstead, London in 1909. For nine months in 1939 he rescued 669 children from Czechoslovakia, bringing them to the UK, thereby sparing them from the horrors of the Holocaust. Sir Nicholas died in July 2015, aged 106. ‘Why are you making such a big deal out of it? I just helped a little; I was in the right place at the right time.’ Despite Sir Nicholas’s humble and inspiring statement, it was more than just being in the right place at the right time, as his life story will show. Sir Nicholas Winton was born in Hampstead in 1909 to Jewish parents. In December 1938, at the age of 29, Winton cancelled a planned skiing holiday after being urged by a friend, Martin Blake, to go to Prague to see the dire situation for himself. The area had become overwhelmed with refugees after Germany had annexed the Sudetenland, a mostly German-speaking area of Czechoslovakia. Winton travelled to Czechoslovakia where he was sent by Doreen Warriner to see several refugee camps. Blake and Warriner were both working with an organisation to help relocate the adults, and Winton quickly realised that something had to be done to rescue the children who were caught up in the situation. He simply could not stand by. On Kristallnacht (9 and 10 November 1938), the Nazis had initiated a campaign of hatred against the Jewish population in all Nazi territories. An estimated 91 Jews were killed, 30,000 were arrested, and 267 synagogues were destroyed. Following this, the British government relaxed its immigration laws and agreed to allow in a limited number of children from Germany and Austria.
    [Show full text]
  • Beware of Greeks Bearing Gifts
    VOLUMEAJR JOURNAL 12 NO.1 JAjanuarNUARYY 2012 Beware of Greeks bearing gifts imeo Danaos et dona ferentes’ to that country by the Eurozone states number of political issues, are very much ‘ (‘I fear Greeks even when bear- provided an object lesson in the un- more difficult to manipulate and are Ting gifts’), warns the Trojan priest democratic potential of referenda, in the longer term a far more reliable Laocoön in Virgil’s Aeneid, in a vain unless employed in a manner properly reflection of the democratic process. attempt to deter the citizens of Troy defined by a democratic constitution. The first political leader in modern from accepting the wooden horse Greece had not had a referendum for times to rely on referenda was Emperor that the besieging Greek forces have 37 years, and then only in the wholly Napoleon III, whose French Second seemingly left as a gift, but which is exceptional circumstances of the coun- Empire (1852-70), in effect a form of in reality intended to bring about the try’s return to democracy after the plebiscitary dictatorship, was ‘constitu- destruction of the city. The ancient collapse of the military regime of the tionally’ founded on referenda. Having Greeks bequeathed the concept of ‘Greek colonels’ in 1974; the people been elected president of the Second democracy to the world, but their mod- were called on to vote on the future of Republic in 1848, Louis-Napoleon ern counterparts have recently helped Bonaparte carried out a coup d’état in to give currency to a more questionable December 1851 and seized dictatorial popular (not to say populist) device, the powers.
    [Show full text]
  • The Roles of the Conservative Party
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Birmingham Research Archive, E-theses Repository THE ROLES OF THE CONSERVA TIVE PARTY AND THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT DURING THE 'PHONEY WAR', SEPTEMBER 1939 TO MAY 1940. BY NIGEL ANTHONY PETER JOHNSON A thesis submitted to The University ofBirmingham For the degree of MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY Department ofMedieval and Modem History School ofHistorical Studies The University ofBirmingham March 200 1 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT This thesis is a detailed study of the interaction between the Conservative party and the National government during the nine months of the 'phoney war'. It concentrates on the potential strength of Chamberlain's position and the Conservative party at the outbreak of war. The Conservative party entered the Second World War full of confidence. The party dominated British politics at a national level. However, Chamberlain's failure to widen the government damaged his credibility as a wartime leader when Labour's leaders rejected his offer of key seats in the war cabinet of the National government.
    [Show full text]
  • U DSG Papers of Howard Sergeant, Including [1930]-1995 the Archives of 'Outposts' Poetry Magazine
    Hull History Centre: Howard Sergeant, inc 'Outposts' poetry magazine U DSG Papers of Howard Sergeant, including [1930]-1995 the Archives of 'Outposts' poetry magazine Biographical Background: Herbert ('Howard') Sergeant was born in Hull in 1914 and qualified as an accountant. He served in the RAF and the Air Ministry during the Second World War and with the assistance of his friend Lionel Monteith, edited and published the first issue of his poetry magazine 'Outposts' in February 1944. Outposts is the longest running independent poetry magazine in Britain. Sergeant had been writing poetry since childhood and his first poem to be published was 'Thistledown magic', in 'Chambers Journal' in 1943. 'Outposts' was conceived in wartime and its early focus was on poets 'who, by reason of the particular outposts they occupy, are able to visualise the dangers which confront the individual and the whole of humanity, now and after the war' (editorial, 'Outposts', no.1). Over the decades, the magazine specialised in publishing unrecognised poets alongside the well established. Sergeant deliberately avoided favouring any particular school of poetry, and edited 'Mavericks: an anthology', with Dannie Abse, in 1957, in support of this stance. Sergeant's own poetry was included in the first issue of 'Outposts' (but rarely thereafter) and his first published collection, 'The Leavening Air', appeared in 1946. He was involved in setting up the Dulwich Group (a branch of the British Poetry Association) in 1949, and again, when it re-formed in 1960. In 1956, Sergeant published the first of the Outposts Modern Poets Series of booklets and hardbacks devoted to individual poets.
    [Show full text]
  • The Slave Trade and the British Empire
    The Slave Trade and the British Empire An Audit of Commemoration in Wales Task and Finish Group Report and Audit 26 November 2020 The Slave Trade and the British Empire An Audit of Commemoration in Wales Report and Audit The Task and Finish Group: Gaynor Legall (Chair) Dr Roiyah Saltus Professor Robert Moore David Anderson Dr Marian Gwyn Naomi Alleyne Professor Olivette Otele Professor Chris Evans Supporting research and drafting was undertaken on behalf of the task and finish group by Dr Peter Wakelin. Front cover image – British Library, Mechanical Curator Collection © Crown copyright 2020 WG41703 Digital ISBN 978-1-80082-506-2 Mae’r ddogfen yma hefyd ar gael yn Gymraeg / This document is also available in Welsh Contents 1. Background ............................................................................................................ 2 2. Introduction ............................................................................................................ 3 3. Scope ..................................................................................................................... 3 4. Method ................................................................................................................... 4 5. Audit results ........................................................................................................... 5 6. People who took part in the African slave trade (A)................................................ 6 7. People who owned or directly benefitted from plantations or mines worked by the enslaved
    [Show full text]
  • The Baptist Missionary Society
    THE BAPTIST MISSIONARY SOCIETY (Founded 1 792) 141st ANNUAL REPORT For the year ending March 31st, 1933 LONDON PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY A T THE CAREY PRESS 19, F u r n i v a l St r e e t , E.C. 4. Telegraphic Address: uAsiatic, Fleet, London." Telephone: Holbom 6882 (g lines) CONTENTS PAGE “WHEREFORE WE FAINT NOT” ..................................................... 5 FIN AN CE ....................................................................................................... 8 THE WORK ABROAD ... ... ... 9 WOMEN S WORK FOR WOMEN ..................................................... 30 OUR MEDICAL W O R K .............................................................................. 37 AT THE HOME BASE ............................................................................ 45 THE MISSIONARY ROLL CALL, 1932-33 ........................................ 48 MAPS ......................................................................................................................51-54 PART II. TH E SOCIETY : COMMITTEE AND OFFICERS, 1932-33, &c. 55 LIST OF MISSIONARIES ................................................................. 71 STATIONS AND STAFF .............................................................................. 91 STATISTICS AND TABLES .................................................................. 99 SCHOOLS FOR MISSIONARIES5 CHILDREN ............................... 127 PART III. CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE SOCIETY ......................................... 131 ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTIONS AND DONATIONS ... 133 DEFICIT ......................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Y Fasnach Mewn Caethweision A'r Ymerodraeth Brydeinig: Archwiliad O Goffáu Yng Nghymru
    Y Fasnach mewn Caethweision a’r Ymerodraeth Brydeinig Archwiliad o Goffáu yng Nghymru Grwˆp Gorchwyl a Gorffen Adroddiad ac Archwiliad 26 Tachwedd 2020 Y Fasnach mewn Caethweision a’r Ymerodraeth Brydeinig Archwiliad o Goffáu yng Nghymru Adroddiad ac Archwiliad Y Grwˆp Gorchwyl a Gorffen: Gaynor Legall (Cadeirydd) Dr Roiyah Saltus Professor Robert Moore David Anderson Dr Marian Gwyn Naomi Alleyne Professor Olivette Otele Professor Chris Evans Cynhaliodd Dr Peter Wakelin waith ymchwil a drafftio ar ran y grwˆp gorchwyl a gorffen. Delwedd y clawr – y Llyfrgell Brydeinig, Casgliad Curadur Mecanyddol © Hawlfraint y Goron 2020 WG41703 ISBN digidol 978-1-80082-505-5 Cynnwys 1. Cefndir .................................................................................................................... 2 2. Cyflwyniad .............................................................................................................. 3 3. Cwmpas ................................................................................................................. 3 4. Dull ......................................................................................................................... 5 5. Canlyniadau'r archwiliad......................................................................................... 6 6. Pobl a oedd yn rhan o'r fasnach mewn caethweision Affricanaidd (A) ................... 6 7. Pobl a oedd yn berchen ar neu'n elwa'n uniongyrchol ar blanhigfeydd neu fwyngloddiau lle'r oedd caethweision yn gweithio (B) ................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Topps Tiles Plc Annual Report and Financial Statements 2009 1 Review of the Business Our Strategy Governance Financial Statements Other Information
    Topps Tiles Plc Topps Annual Report and Financial Statements 2009 Topps Tiles Plc Thorpe Way, Grove Park, Enderby, Topps Tiles Plc Leicestershire LE19 1SU Annual Report and Financial Statements 2009 T 0116 282 8000 F 0116 282 8115 www.toppstiles.co.uk Store locations Topps Tiles – Store numbers Tile Clearing House – Store numbers Holland – Store numbers Stores at the beginning Stores at the beginning Stores at the beginning of the period 263 of the period 57 of the period 22 New stores opened 5 New stores opened 0 New stores opened 0 Sub-total 268 Sub-total 57 Sub-total 22 Closures (including brand swaps) –3 Closures (including brand swaps) –13 Closures (including brand swaps) -10 Total 265 Total 44 Total 12 Inside this year’s report… 12 stores operated by 01 the Group in Holland Review of the business 1 The year in brief 2 Our strategy 3 Chairman’s statement 4 Chief Executive’s statement 6 Business review Scotland Holland 17 Corporate Social Responsibility 16 stores operated by the Group in Scotland 20 Governance 65 20 Directors stores operated by the 22 Directors and advisors Group in North region 23 Directors’ report 26 Corporate governance statement 28 Remuneration report 31 Independent auditors’ report – consolidated financial statements North 50 London 32 stores operated by the Financial Statements Group in Midlands region 32 Consolidated income statement 32 Consolidated statement of recognised income and expense 53 33 Consolidated balance sheet stores operated by 34 Consolidated cash flow statement the Group in London 35 Notes
    [Show full text]