Do Not Destroy Foipa # / L M?
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Overall Security in Iraq
HOW DOES THIS END? Strategic Failures Overshadow Tactical Gains in Iraq Lawrence Korb, Brian Katulis, Sean Duggan, and Peter Juul Center for American Progress April 2008 “Strategy without tactics is the slowest route to victory. Tactics without strategy is the noise before defeat.” Sun Tzu, The Art of War “No one” in the U.S. and Iraqi governments “feels that there has been sufficient progress by any means in the area of national reconciliation.” General David Petraeus, March 13, 2008.1 www.americanprogress.org Center for American Progress Introduction and Summary .S. Army General David Petraeus understood the situation perfectly five years ago. As an indigenous insurgency began to form in the weeks following the U.S. Uinvasion of Iraq in 2003, then-Major Gen. Petraeus asked Washington Post report- er Rick Atkinson the fundamental question of the war: “Tell me, how does this end?” After spending nearly three-quarters of a trillion dollars, after more than 4,000 lost American lives alongside hundreds of thousands of Iraqis, this remains the central question of this war. Yet the answer to Gen. Petraeus’ question—a unified, independent, and stable Iraq that is an ally in the global war on terrorism—is more elusive today than it was when President Bush’s military escalation began in early 2007. Since the administration’s escalation began 15 months ago, the president and his con- servative allies in Congress have entangled the United States ever more deeply in Iraq’s multiple ethnic and sectarian conflicts. Some short-term security progress has been achieved in certain areas of Iraq. -
The Destruction of Religious and Cultural Sites I. Introduction The
Mapping the Saudi State, Chapter 7: The Destruction of Religious and Cultural Sites I. Introduction The Ministry for Islamic Affairs, Endowments, Da’wah, and Guidance, commonly abbreviated to the Ministry of Islamic Affairs (MOIA), supervises and regulates religious activity in Saudi Arabia. Whereas the Commission for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice (CPVPV) directly enforces religious law, as seen in Mapping the Saudi State, Chapter 1,1 the MOIA is responsible for the administration of broader religious services. According to the MOIA, its primary duties include overseeing the coordination of Islamic societies and organizations, the appointment of clergy, and the maintenance and construction of mosques.2 Yet, despite its official mission to “preserve Islamic values” and protect mosques “in a manner that fits their sacred status,”3 the MOIA is complicit in a longstanding government campaign against the peninsula’s traditional heritage – Islamic or otherwise. Since 1925, the Al Saud family has overseen the destruction of tombs, mosques, and historical artifacts in Jeddah, Medina, Mecca, al-Khobar, Awamiyah, and Jabal al-Uhud. According to the Islamic Heritage Research Foundation, between just 1985 and 2014 – through the MOIA’s founding in 1993 –the government demolished 98% of the religious and historical sites located in Saudi Arabia.4 The MOIA’s seemingly contradictory role in the destruction of Islamic holy places, commentators suggest, is actually the byproduct of an equally incongruous alliance between the forces of Wahhabism and commercialism.5 Compelled to acknowledge larger demographic and economic trends in Saudi Arabia – rapid population growth, increased urbanization, and declining oil revenues chief among them6 – the government has increasingly worked to satisfy both the Wahhabi religious establishment and the kingdom’s financial elite. -
2 Race, Class, and Residence in the Chicago Ummah
2 Race, Class, and Residence in the Chicago Ummah Ethnic Muslim Spaces and American Muslim Discourses The racial landscape of a city influences how close American Muslims have come to fulfilling the ummah ideals there. When I arrived in Chicago in the spring of 2002 to research Muslims in the city, two things stood out. One was the city’s diversity. Chicago was a nexus of global flows. Filled with people from all over the world—Bosnians, Mexicans, Nigerians, and Vietnamese—Chicago fit my idea of a global village. But alongside these global flows were major inequalities, particularly in the racially segregated housing, the second thing that stood out. Indeed, Chicago has always been known for its racist residential patterns and ethnic neighborhoods. “Germans settled on the North Side, Irish on the South Side, Jews on the West Side, Bohemians and Poles on the Near Southwest Side.”1 In the nineteenth century, European immigrants carved out ethnic lines across the city which, with the rise of black migration to Chicago in the 1920s, soon had viciously racist and economically devastating consequences. Fear and widespread propaganda created large-scale white resistance to African Americans. As whites maneuvered to keep blacks out of their neighborhoods and fled from the ones where blacks did settle, African Americans were confined to and concentrated in the South Side’s Black Belt. Business owners then moved from this expanding black area and invested their resources and profits elsewhere. As the community’s resources declined and the population grew, neighborhoods in the Black Belt steadily turned into overcrowded slums.2 Outside the South Side’s Black Belt, a flourishing metropolis took form, setting the stage for Chicago to become a major international city. -
The Cause of Misfire in Counter-Terrorist Financing Regulation
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE Making a Killing: The Cause of Misfire in Counter-Terrorist Financing Regulation A Dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science by Ian Oxnevad June 2019 Dissertation Committee: Dr. John Cioffi, Chairperson Dr. Marissa Brookes Dr. Fariba Zarinebaf Copyright by Ian Oxnevad 2019 The Dissertation of Ian Oxnevad is approved: ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ Committee Chairperson University of California, Riverside ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Making a Killing: The Cause of Misfire in Counter-Terrorist Financing Regulation by Ian Oxnevad Doctor of Philosophy, Graduate Program in Political Science University of California, Riverside, June 2019 Dr. John Cioffi, Chairperson Financial regulations designed to counter the financing of terrorism have spread internationally over past several decades, but little is known about their effectiveness or why certain banks get penalized for financing terrorism while others do not. This research addresses this question and tests for the effects of institutional linkages between banks and states on the enforcement of these regulations. It is hypothesized here that a bank’s institutional link to its home state is necessary to block attempted enforcement. This research utilizes comparative studies of cases in which enforcement and penalization were attempted, and examines the role of institutional links between the bank and state in these outcomes. The case comparisons include five cases in all, with three comprising positive cases in which enforcement was blocked, and two in which penalty occurred. Combined, these cases control for rival variables such as rule of law, state capacity, iv authoritarianism, and membership of a country in a regulatory body while also testing for the impact of institutional linkage between a bank and its state in the country’s national political economy. -
PRISM Syrian Supplemental
PRISM syria A JOURNAL OF THE CENTER FOR COMPLEX OPERATIONS About PRISM PRISM is published by the Center for Complex Operations. PRISM is a security studies journal chartered to inform members of U.S. Federal agencies, allies, and other partners Vol. 4, Syria Supplement on complex and integrated national security operations; reconstruction and state-building; 2014 relevant policy and strategy; lessons learned; and developments in training and education to transform America’s security and development Editor Michael Miklaucic Communications Contributing Editors Constructive comments and contributions are important to us. Direct Alexa Courtney communications to: David Kilcullen Nate Rosenblatt Editor, PRISM 260 Fifth Avenue (Building 64, Room 3605) Copy Editors Fort Lesley J. McNair Dale Erikson Washington, DC 20319 Rebecca Harper Sara Thannhauser Lesley Warner Telephone: Nathan White (202) 685-3442 FAX: (202) 685-3581 Editorial Assistant Email: [email protected] Ava Cacciolfi Production Supervisor Carib Mendez Contributions PRISM welcomes submission of scholarly, independent research from security policymakers Advisory Board and shapers, security analysts, academic specialists, and civilians from the United States Dr. Gordon Adams and abroad. Submit articles for consideration to the address above or by email to prism@ Dr. Pauline H. Baker ndu.edu with “Attention Submissions Editor” in the subject line. Ambassador Rick Barton Professor Alain Bauer This is the authoritative, official U.S. Department of Defense edition of PRISM. Dr. Joseph J. Collins (ex officio) Any copyrighted portions of this journal may not be reproduced or extracted Ambassador James F. Dobbins without permission of the copyright proprietors. PRISM should be acknowledged whenever material is quoted from or based on its content. -
From Shabazz to Bilalian: African American Muslims Experience in the Twentieth Century Semra Mese Lehigh University
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Lehigh University: Lehigh Preserve Lehigh University Lehigh Preserve Theses and Dissertations 2013 From Shabazz to Bilalian: African American Muslims Experience in the Twentieth Century Semra Mese Lehigh University Follow this and additional works at: http://preserve.lehigh.edu/etd Part of the American Studies Commons Recommended Citation Mese, Semra, "From Shabazz to Bilalian: African American Muslims Experience in the Twentieth Century" (2013). Theses and Dissertations. Paper 1559. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Lehigh Preserve. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Lehigh Preserve. For more information, please contact [email protected]. From Shabazz to Bilalian: African American Muslims’ Experience in Twentieth Century by Semra Mese A Thesis Presented to the Graduate and Research Committee of Lehigh University in Candidacy for the Degree of Master of Arts in American Studies Lehigh University September 2, 2013 © 2013 Copyright Semra Mese i Thesis is accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Master of Arts in American Studies. From Shabazz to Bilalian: African American Muslims’ Experience in Twentieth Century Semra Mese _________________________ Date Approved _________________________ Dr. Lloyd Steffen Advisor _________________________ Dr. Edward Whitley Dept. Chair ii Table of Contents Abstract..……………………………………….…………………………………………1 Chapter 1 A. Introduction The Creation and Appropriation of Islam among African Americans in the Twentieth Century……………………………………………..………….……..………2 B. The Root of Islam for Black Islamic Movements in the United States for Twentieth Century African Americans……………………………………..………….3 C. -
Weekly Iraq .Xplored Report 11 January 2020
Weekly Iraq .Xplored report 11 January 2020 Prepared by Risk Analysis Team, Iraq garda.com Confidential and proprietary © GardaWorld Weekly Iraq .Xplored Report 11 January 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................................................................................................... 2 ACTIVITY MAP .................................................................................................................................................... 3 OUTLOOK ............................................................................................................................................................. 4 Short term outlook ............................................................................................................................................. 4 Medium to long term outlook ............................................................................................................................ 5 SIGNIFICANT EVENTS ...................................................................................................................................... 6 Iran launches ballistic missiles at Al Assad Airbase and Erbil International Airport ................................. 6 US Embassy targeted by multiple IDF attacks during current US / Iranian tensions ................................. 6 THREAT MATRIX ................................................................................................................................................ 6 OVERVIEW........................................................................................................................................................... -
Proquest Dissertations
NOTE TO USERS Page(s) missing in number only; text follows. The manuscript was microfilmed as received. 27 This reproduction is the best copy available. UMI~ COUNTERFEIT AND CONTRABAND CIGARETTE SMUGGLING: OPPORTUNITIES, ACTORS, AND GUARDIANSHIP By Sharon Anne Melzer Submitted to the F acuity of the School of Public Affairs of American University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy In Justice, Law and Society Chair:~~ Louise I. Shelley, PhD ~~~ Dean of the School of Public Affairs Date 2010 American University Washington, D.C. 20016 AMERICAN U.WVERStrt LIBAARY ct 5Cf I UMI Number: 3417880 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI ___...Dissertation Publishing...___ UMI 3417880 Copyright 201 O by ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This edition of the work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. Pro uesr ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 ©COPYRIGHT by Sharon Anne Melzer 2010 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED COUNTERFEIT AND CONTRABAND CIGARETTE SMUGGLING: OPPORTUNITIES, ACTORS, AND GUARDIANSHIP By Sharon Anne Melzer ABSTRACT Contraband and counterfeit cigarette smuggling provides organized crime and terrorist organizations with a sizable revenue stream that does not come with the risks and punishments that are associated with other illicit commodities, such as drugs and weapons. -
1 Al-Shafi'i, Kitab Al-Umm1 This Is a Template for a Standard Set Of
Al-Shafi’i, Kitab al-Umm1 If any one of you speaks improperly of Muhammad—may God bless This is a template for a standard set of guarantees that the Imam, the and save him—of the Book of God, or of His religion, he forfeits the supreme religious leader of Islam (then the Abbasid caliph in Baghdad), protection [dhimma] of God, of the Commander of the Faithful, and of all might make to Jews and Christians living under his care in a specific city. It dates from the 700s to the 800s. the Muslims; he has contravened the conditions upon which he was given his safe-conduct; his property and his life are at the disposal of the If the Imam wishes to write a document for the poll tax (jizya) of non- Commander of the Faithful, like the property and lives of the people of the Muslims, he should write: house of war [dar al-harb]. In the name of God, the Merciful and the Compassionate. This is a If one of them commits fornication with a Muslim woman or goes document written by the servant of God so-and-so,2 Commander of the through a form of marriage with her or robs a Muslim on the highway or Faithful, on the 2nd of the month of Rabi’l, in the year such-and-such, to subverts a Muslim from his religion or gives aid to those who made war so-and-so son of so-and-so, the Christian, of the descendants of such-and- against the Muslims by fighting with them or by showing them the weak such, of the people of the city of so-and-so. -
A Commentary on the Prosecution of Benevolence International Foundation Matthew .J Piers
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by DigitalCommons@Pace Pace Law Review Volume 25 Issue 2 Spring 2005 Article 7 The Anti-Terrorist Financing Guidelines: The Impact on International Philanthropy April 2005 Malevolent Destruction of a Muslim Charity: A Commentary on the Prosecution of Benevolence International Foundation Matthew .J Piers Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.pace.edu/plr Recommended Citation Matthew J. Piers, Malevolent Destruction of a Muslim Charity: A Commentary on the Prosecution of Benevolence International Foundation , 25 Pace L. Rev. 339 (2005) Available at: http://digitalcommons.pace.edu/plr/vol25/iss2/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the School of Law at DigitalCommons@Pace. It has been accepted for inclusion in Pace Law Review by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Pace. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Malevolent Destruction of a Muslim Charity: A Commentary on the Prosecution of Benevolence International Foundation Matthew J. Piers Three years ago we, as a nation, suffered a ghastly act of mass murder and terrorism apparently perpetrated by the self-proclaimed Islamic fundamentalist group, al Qaeda. A remarkable thing occurred in the wake of this tragedy: the United States, already feared and respected as the world's sole remaining super power, became the object of a tidal wave of international support and sympathy. Perhaps never before in our nation's relatively short history have so many hands and hearts reached out to us. The potential to build on this historic outpouring of support and sympathy, both domestically and internationally, was enormous. -
Temple in Jerusalem Coordinates: 31.77765, 35.23547 from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
Log in / create account article discussion edit this page history Temple in Jerusalem Coordinates: 31.77765, 35.23547 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Bet HaMikdash ; "The Holy House"), refers to Part of a series of articles on ,שדקמה תיב :The Temple in Jerusalem or Holy Temple (Hebrew a series of structures located on the Temple Mount (Har HaBayit) in the old city of Jerusalem. Historically, two Jews and Judaism navigation temples were built at this location, and a future Temple features in Jewish eschatology. According to classical Main page Jewish belief, the Temple (or the Temple Mount) acts as the figurative "footstool" of God's presence (Heb. Contents "shechina") in the physical world. Featured content Current events The First Temple was built by King Solomon in seven years during the 10th century BCE, culminating in 960 [1] [2] Who is a Jew? ∙ Etymology ∙ Culture Random article BCE. It was the center of ancient Judaism. The Temple replaced the Tabernacle of Moses and the Tabernacles at Shiloh, Nov, and Givon as the central focus of Jewish faith. This First Temple was destroyed by Religion search the Babylonians in 587 BCE. Construction of a new temple was begun in 537 BCE; after a hiatus, work resumed Texts 520 BCE, with completion occurring in 516 BCE and dedication in 515. As described in the Book of Ezra, Ethnicities Go Search rebuilding of the Temple was authorized by Cyrus the Great and ratified by Darius the Great. Five centuries later, Population this Second Temple was renovated by Herod the Great in about 20 BCE. -
Iraq: Buttressing Peace with the Iraqi Inter-Religious Congress
Religion and Conflict Case Study Series Iraq: Buttressing Peace with the Iraqi Inter-Religious Congress August 2013 © Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/resources/classroom 4 Abstract 5 This case study shines a light on the sectarian violence that overtook Iraq after the 2003 US-led invasion that overthrew Saddam Hussein, and how religious 9 leaders gradually gained recognition as resources for the promotion of peace. This overview of the conflict addresses five main questions: What religious 11 factors contributed to insecurity in post-2003 Iraq? How did Coalition forces approach religious actors prior to 2006? How did governments interface with faith-based NGOs in pursuit of peace? What role did socioeconomic factors 14 play in exacerbating conflict? How did religious engagement intersect with the Sunni Awakening and the surge of Coalition troops in 2007? The case study includes a core text, a timeline of key events, a guide to relevant religious orga- nizations, and a list of further readings. 15 About this Case Study 17 This case study was crafted under the editorial direction of Eric Patterson, visiting assistant professor in the Department of Government and associate di- rector of the Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs at George- town University. This case study was made possible through the support of the Henry Luce Foundation and the Luce/SFS Program on Religion and International Affairs. 2 BERKLEY CENTER FOR RELIGION, PEACE & WORLD AFFAIRS AT GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY CASE STUDY — IRAQ Contents Introduction 4 Historical Background 5 Domestic Factors 9 International Factors 11 Religion and Socioeconomic Factors 12 Conclusion 14 Resources Key Events 15 Religious Organizations 17 Further Reading 19 Discussion Questions 21 BERKLEY CENTER FOR RELIGION, PEACE & WORLD AFFAIRS AT GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY CASE STUDY — IRAQ 3 Introduction While the US invasion of Iraq—and the insurgency that a shaky relationship with the United States.