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SONDERDRUCK Herausgebergremium Und Gutachter Keltische Forschungen 5 · 2010-12 SONDERDRUCK Herausgebergremium und Gutachter Dr. Benjamin Bruch (West Branch, Iowa) Dr. Gisbert Hemprich (Bonn) Dr. Andreas Hofeneder (Wien) Prof. Raimund Karl (Bangor) Prof. David Stifter (Maynooth) sowie anonyme Gutachter und Gutachterinnen Band 5 ∙ 2010-12 http://www.univie.ac.at/keltische-forschungen/ Keltische Forschungen Herausgegeben im Auftrag von Brennos – Verein für Keltologie unter der Leitung von David Stifter und unter redaktioneller Mitarbeit von Hannes Tauber Bibliografische Information Der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publi kation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. ISBN: 978-3-7069-0690-6 Gedruckt mit Förderung des Bundesministeriums für Wissenschaft und Forschung in Wien sowie durch die Philologisch-Kulturwissenschaftliche Fakultät der Universität Wien und den Fonds zur Förderung wissenschaftlichen Forschens © Praesens Verlag Brennos – Verein für Keltologie ZVR 524077311 http://www.praesens.at Wien 2012 Alle Rechte vorbehalten. Rechtsinhaber, die nicht ermittelt werden konnten, werden gebeten, sich an den Verlag zu wenden. Inhalt Alderik H. BLOM Language at La Graufesenque: The evidence of the potters’ graffiti 13 Albert BOCK and Benjamin BRUCH New perspectives on vocalic alternation in Cornish 55 Xavier DELAMARRE Notes d’onomastique vieille-celtique 99 Joseph F. ESKA Remarks on intrusive vowels in the Ogam corpus of Early Irish 139 Eugen HILL Silbische Liquiden vor Nasalen im Inselkeltischen und das Problem der Nasalpräsentien vom Typ air. sernaid, kymr. -sarnu 157 Anders R. JØRGENSEN Once more on Breton leiff, lein ‘breakfast; lunch’ (an addendum to KF 3, 89–102) 185 Anders R. JØRGENSEN Breton fri ‘nose’, Welsh ffriw ‘face’, Old Irish srúb ‘snout’ 189 David STIFTER New early second-century Gaulish texts from La Graufesenque (L-143a-c) 197 Karin STÜBER Die Figura etymologica des Altirischen im sprachgeschichtlichen Vergleich 229 5 Rezensionen 261 The Celtic Languages. 2nd Edition. Edited by Martin J. Ball and Nicole Müller. London – New York: Routledge 2009. 261 Antiquaries & Archaists. The Past in the Past, the Past in the Present. Edited by Megan Aldrich and Robert J. Wallis. Spire Books LTD, Reading 2009. 268 Bernard Deacon, Cornwall. A Concise History, Cardiff: University of Wales Press 2007. 271 Helmut Birkhan, Nachantike Keltenrezeption. Projektionen keltischer Kultur, Wien: Praesens-Verlag 2009. 274 Peter J. Smith, Three Historical Poems Ascribed to Gilla Cóemáin. A Critical Edition of the Work of an Eleventh-Century Irish Scholar [= Studien und Texte zur Keltologie 8], Münster: Nodus 2007. 280 Wendy Davies, Welsh History in the Early Middle Ages. Texts and Societies, Variorum Collected Studies Series, Farnham: Ashgate Publishing Limited 2009. 284 Joseph-Claude Poulin, L’hagiographie bretonne du haut Moyen Âge. Répertoire raisonné. Beihefte der Fracia, Band 69. Ostfildern: Jan Thorbecke Verlag 2009. 286 Erich Kistler, Funktionalisierte Keltenbilder. Die Indienstnahme der Kelten zur Vermittlung von Normen und Werten in der hellenistischen Welt, Berlin: Verlag Antike e.K. 2009. 289 Christian Hatzenbichler, Druiden – Edle Wilde oder finstere Zauberer? Die geistige Elite der Kelten in der antiken Literatur, Marburg: Tectum Verlag 2011. 295 Festgabe für Hildegard L. C. Tristram überreicht von Studenten, Kollegen und Freunden des ehemaligen Faches Keltologie der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg. Hrsg. von Gisbert Hemprich. Bonner Beiträge zur Keltologie, Band 1, Berlin: curach bhán publications 2009. 304 Henry Lewis, Die kymrische Sprache. Grundzüge ihrer geschichtlichen Entwicklung. Deutsche Bearbeitung von Wolfgang Meid. 2., revidierte Auflage. Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft Band 130, Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Uni ver sität Innsbruck. Bereich Sprachwissenschaft 2008. 311 Abstracts 313 6 New early second-century Gaulish texts from La Graufesenque (L-143a-c)1 David STIFTER In this article, several short texts produced by the potter L. Cosius in La Graufesenque, dating to the early 2nd century A.D., will be discussed, some of which could be Gaulish in language. Although ob jects bearing these texts have been known since the 19th cen tury, to my knowledge the possible Gau- lish character of their content went unnoticed so far. I became aware of them when Fritz Mitthof (De part­­ment of Ancient History and Classical Studies, Epi- graphics and Papyrology, University of Vienna) asked for my assistance in the interpretation of inscriptions on Samian ware from La Graufe sen que that were incomprehensible to him. On closer scrutiny, the strange ‘Latin’, as he thought at the time, of the inscriptions turned out to show characteristics of the Gaulish language, and made a special linguistic and philological examination necessary. 1 The work on this article was undertaken as part of the project P20755-G03 ‘Old Celtic language remains in Austria’, funded by the FWF (Austrian Science Fund). I express my gratitude for assistance and suggestions to Fritz Mitthof for many valu able and profitable dis cussions, to Jacopo Bisagni, Dan Dana and Stefan Schu macher, as well as to Danuta Shanzer, or ga niser of the session ‘Languages in the Early Middle Ages: Travel, Contact, and Survival’ at the 2010 International Medi eval Con gress at Leeds, where some of the ideas of this paper were first publicly present ed, and to the particip ants of that session. I am parti­ cularly obliged to Pierre-Yves Lambert for allowing me to furnish the texts with the number L-143 accord ing to the num bering system for Gallo-Latin texts of Recueil des inscriptions gauloises. In RIG II-2 and in LAMBERT 2008, the texts are numbered up to L-141. L-142 is the lead-plate from Rezé, to be published shortly by Pierre-Yves Lambert. 197 KF 5 · 2010-12, 197–227 DAVID STIFTER 1. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS The letters of the texts under scrutiny resemble capital script. They are un- like the Gaulish and Latin graf fiti known from La Graufesenque, that is, they are not notes and records mostly for admin is trat ive purposes, scratched into earthenware in informal, cursive script,2 but they are an integral component of the artistic composi tion of the objects, being moulded onto the object like other figurative and orna men tal de pic tions and potters’ stamps, and adding informa- tion to the figurative depictions also present on the objects. In this re spect, the texts under scrutiny have a parallel in the tripartite Gaulish inscrip tion L-70 from Lezoux. All texts are frag men tary at the present. One text (text A below), which in all likelihood consist s of not more than three or four words, can be plaus ibly recon structed and compre hended in its en tirety, whereas the inter- pretation of the other texts (texts B–E below) is strongly con stricted by their fragmen tary status, so much so that often no clear statement can be made about their language. The fragments come from places all over France, Germany and Switzerland. Because of the unusual conditions of the transmission of the texts, it is not exclud ed that more fragments may be discovered in time to com ple ment the currently known portions. Again, this finds a parallel in L­70 of which, to this day, three fragments of different objects and from different places in Western Europe are known. The present discussion of the new texts relies primarily on the archaeological edition in MEES 1995, which was the most comprehensive publication about mould-signed decorated south-Gaulish Samian ware available to me. The refe- rence numbers used in part 2 of this article have been taken from this publica- tion. However, since the readings provided in MEES (1995: 138–139) are partly er roneous and misleading, and since the illustrations – drawings and photo- graphs – on the relevant plates 34 and 35 are not always clear and detailed enough, additional material and information has been drawn from DÉCHELETTE 1904, LABROUSE 1981, TOMASEVIC BUCK 1991, PETOLESCU (1996: 193–195), Rusu-Bolindeţ 2008, MITTHOF 2010 and VELESCU 2010. Because the various fragments are scattered over numerous museums in Western Europe, it was not possible to undertake an autopsy of them for this article. 2 For the graffiti from La Graufesenque, see MARICHAL 1988, RIG II-2, 83–146 and, as the latest contribution to the topic, the paper by Alderik BLOM in the present volume of Keltische Forschungen. 198 New early second-century Gaulish texts from La Graufesenque (L-143a-c) The objects were produced in La Graufesenque (Aveyron)3 by the artist L. Co- sius4 whose signature – applied in the same technique as the texts discussed below – can be found on many of the objects. Because of his very distinct artistic style that sets his works apart from more conventional productions, several fragments not bearing his name can be assigned to him with great con- fidence. L. Cosius was active during the latest period of production on the site, in the years before or around 120 A.D. (MEES 1995: 74), when the position of La Graufesenque as a centre of pottery had been superseded by places like Banassac, Lezoux, or production sites in the west of modern Germany, and the place slowly declined and came to cater only for the local market. Neverthe- less, pieces produced by L. Cosius have been found from all over Western and Central Europe (Gaul, Britain, Germania, Raetia, and fragments also in Italy, Pannonia and as far as Anatolia). L. Cosius produced only bowls of the type Dragen dorff 37. Plates 23–35 of MEES’ 1995 book are devoted to his work. The fragments relevant for the present study are found on plates 34 and 35. Before the texts themselves can be examined in detail, a few words must be said about their histor ical context. L. Cosius stands out from the typical pro- duction of the late phase of La Graufesenque in that the motifs on his products partly refer to contemporary political events, in particular to the victories of Emperor Trajan over the Dacians under king Decebalus and over the Parthi- ans.
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