Species of Interest in Braxton Mire Table of Contents Introduction 1 Aporostylis bifolia 2 Bulbinella angustifolia 3 Carpha alpina 4 Celmisia gracilenta 5 Chionochloa rubra subsp. cuprea 6 Coprosma rugosa 7 Dracophyllum longifolium var. longifolium 8 Drosera spatulata 9 Empodisma minus 10 Gaultheria macrostigma 11 Gleichenia dicarpa 12 Herpolirion novae­zelandiae 13 Leptospermum scoparium var. scoparium 14 Lobelia angulata 15 Machaerina tenax 16 Oreobolus pectinatus 17 Thelymitra cyanea 18 Glossary 19 Made on the New Zealand Plant Conservation Network website – www.nzpcn.org.nz Copyright All images used in this book remain copyright of the named photographer. Any reproduction, retransmission, republication, or other use of all or part of this book is expressly prohibited, unless prior written permission has been granted by the New Zealand Plant Conservation Network ([email protected]). All other rights reserved. © 2017 New Zealand Plant Conservation Network Introduction About the Network This book was compiled from information stored on the The Network has more than 800 members worldwide and is website of the New Zealand Plant Conservation Network New Zealand's largest non­governmental organisation solely (www.nzpcn.org.nz). devoted to the protection and restoration of New Zealand's indigenous plant life. This website was established in 2003 as a repository for information about New Zealand's threatened vascular The vision of the New Zealand Plant Conservation Network is plants. Since then it has grown into a national database of that 'no indigenous species of plant will become extinct nor be information about all plants in the New Zealand botanic placed at risk of extinction as a result of human action or region including both native and naturalised vascular indifference, and that the rich, diverse and unique plant life of plants, threatened mosses, liverworts and fungi. New Zealand will be recognised, cherished and restored'. Funding to develop the website was provided by the New Since it was founded in 2003 the Network has undertaken a Zealand Government's Terrestrial and Freshwater range of conservation initiatives in order to achieve its vision. Biodiversity Information System Programme (TFBIS). That work has included: The species information used on the website has come from a variety of sources. The indigenous vascular plant l Training people in plant conservation text was written largely by Dr Peter de Lange (former l Publishing plant books, reports and posters Network Vice President). Peter based the descriptions on a l Raising money for the David Given Threatened Plant wide range of sources including the Flora of NZ Series Research Trust to pay for plant conservation research (Allan 1961, Moore and Edgar 1970 and Webb et al 1987) scholarships as well as numerous other taxonomic treatments. For a l Advocacy to raise awareness of the importance of plant full bibliography of information sources see the References life in general and especially New Zealand's status as a at the end of this book. Global Centre of Plant Diversity l Lobbying central and regional government and business Where no published treatment was available Peter used to protect indigenous plant life herbarium specimens and his own knowledge of the flora l Educating people about plant life through the Network to prepare species pages. Various other contributors have website provided text and additional information to many species l Connecting people through the monthly newsletter, the pages including botanists such as Mike Thorsen, John Network conference and the annual general meeting Barkla, Cathy Jones, Simon Walls, Nick Singers and many others. The threatened fungi text was written by Eric Mackenzie and Peter Buchanan (Landcare Research). What is a threatened plant? More than 200 photographers have kindly provided The NZ Threatened Plant Committee was formed in 1991 and images to illustrate the website and for use in this book ever since then it has met at regular intervals to review the especially John Smith­Dodsworth, Jeremy Rolfe, Peter de status of indigenous vascular plants. It is made up of a small Lange, Wayne Bennett and Gillian Crowcroft. group of botanists that between them have an extensive knowledge of the native plants of New Zealand. This group is chaired by Dr Peter de Lange of the New Zealand Department The New Zealand Botanic Region of Conservation. The information on the Network website, from which this This committee applies a set of criteria to each native plant to book was compiled, is for species that are indigenous to or determine its conservation status. The resulting list of species naturalised within the New Zealand Botanic Region as classified as threatened is published in the NZ Journal of defined by Allan (1961). The New Zealand botanic region Botany (see for example de Lange et al. 2009). The main encompases the Kermadec, Manawatawhi/Three Kings, threat categories used are: Extinct, Critical, Endangered, North, South, Stewart Island/Rakiura, Chatham, Vulnerable, Declining. Other categories used are: Recovering, Antipodes, Bounties, Snares, Auckland Campbell Relict, Naturally Uncommon, Coloniser, Vagrant and Data island/Motu Ihupuku and Macquarie. Deficient. For vascular plants the threat status used in this book is taken from the 2009 conservation assessment (see de Lange et al 2009). More recently other committees have been established to review the status of non­vascular plants but their lists are yet to be published. © 2017 New Zealand Plant Conservation Network Aporostylis bifolia Common Name(s): Odd­leaved orchid Current Threat Status (2012): Not Threatened Distribution: Endemic monotypic New Zealand genus. Known from the North, South, Stewart, Chatham, Auckland, Campbell and Antipodes Islands. In the North Island present from Te Moehau south. Widespread elsewhere. Caption: Silverpeaks Photographer: John Barkla Habitat: Initially subalpine to high monatne but descending to lowland and coastal habitats in southern half of range. A species of bogs, seepages and damp open ground, shrubland, tussock grassland or forest. Often found in plantation foresty, particularly under pines. Features*: Stocky, glandular­pubescent, terrestrial, perennial spring to summer­ green, tuberous herb. Tubers globose­conical. Plant at flowering up to 200 mm tall. Stem erect, slender, densely glandular­pubescent, green to reddish­green. Leaves near stem base, close to ground, paired, close­set, dark green to green, usually brown or purple spotted, densely to sparsely covered in glandular pubescent hairs, these forming an obvious marginal fringe; lower leaf 100­200 mm long, the upper leaf usually conspicuously shorter; lamina broadly ovate­oblong, broadly oblong, broadly lanceolate, elliptic, rarely linear­lanceolate. Flower usually solitary, rarely paired, subtended by a partially sheathing floral bract; bract partially enclosing ovary. Perianth up to 250 mm diameter, white or pink, glandular­pubescent. Sepals more or less externally glandular­pubescent; dorsal sepal upper most, shallowly concave, wider than laterals, slightly arched over column, lateral sepals similar to petals, linear­lanceolate, wide­spreading. Petals similar but slightly shorter. Labellum sessile, simple, orbicular­ obovate broadly expanded with narrower base, margins entire; calli near base, linear to linear­elliptic, yellow, in two median more or less longitudinal rows. Column elongate, erect to slightly curved, column­ Caption: Auckland Island wings fused in front of base, narrow to level of stigma, there wider and Photographer: Jane Gosden extending upwards as small, sharply pointed lobes, one either side of anther. Anther terminal, apiculate, papillose, pollinia two per cell, pollen finely granular. Stigma discoid, rostellum median. Flowering: Fruiting: October ­ March December ­ May Threats: Not Threatened *Attribution: Description adapted from Moore and Edgar (1970) References and further reading: Moore, L.B.; Edgar, E. 1970: Flora of New Zealand. Vol. II. Government Printer, Wellington. Thorsen, M. J.; Dickinson, K. J. M.; Seddon, P. J. 2009. Seed dispersal systems in the New Zealand flora. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 2009 Vol. 11 No. 4 pp. 285­309 For more information, visit: http://nzpcn.org.nz/flora_details.asp?ID=1399 © 2014 New Zealand Plant Conservation Network Bulbinella angustifolia Current Threat Status (2012): Not Threatened Threats: Not Threatened References and further reading: Thorsen, M. J.; Dickinson, K. J. M.; Seddon, P. J. 2009. Seed dispersal systems in the New Zealand flora. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 2009 Vol. 11 No. 4 pp. 285­309 For more information, visit: http://nzpcn.org.nz/flora_details.asp?ID=1576 Caption: Old Woman Range Photographer: John Barkla Caption: Old Woman Range Photographer: John Barkla © 2014 New Zealand Plant Conservation Network Carpha alpina Common Name(s): Carpha Current Threat Status (2012): Not Threatened Distribution: Indigenous. Australia and New Zealand. In New Zealand known from the North, South, Stewart and Auckland Islands. In the North Island it is known locally from te Moehau south becoming more common along the main axial ranges and on the volcanic plateau. Caption: Steele Creek, Greenstone Habitat: Photographer: John Barkla Coastal to alpine in bogs, mires and other moderately open shrublands overlying poorly drained soils and peat. in the northern part of its range strictly montane to alpine, descending to the coast on the west coast and southern