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A New Path to Urban Rehabilitation in Cairo
A New Path to Urban Rehabilitationin Cairo STEFANO BIANCA, DIRECTOR, HISTORIC CITIES SUPPORT PROGRAMME xposed as they are to ever increasing pressures of modern urban development and to creep- ing globalised uniformity, the historic cities of the Islamic world represent a rich cultural legacy worth preserving as a reference and source of inspiration for future generations. Un- like most of their Western counterparts, many of them managed to survive as authentic living cities, in spite of physical decline and economic depression. Their skilfully adorned monuments, whether made of stone, brick or timber, carry the imprint of timeless spiritual messages which still speak to present users. The cohesive patterns of their historic urban fabric embody meaningful modes of so- cial interaction and tangible environmental qualities, which transmit the experience of past gener- ations and are still able to shape and support contemporary community life; for the values inherent to their spatial configurations transcend short-lived changes and fashions. Such contextual values, sadly absent in most of our planned modern towns, constitute the cul- tural essence of historic cities. To use an analogy from literature, the qualitative rapport between single components has the power to transform a series of words into significant information or, even better, to make the difference between 'prose' and 'poetry'. This is why a city can become a collective work of art, or rather a living cultural experience, perpetuated by means of social rit- uals and local myths and tales. Cairo, in particular, is engraved in the cultural memory of Muslim visitors, readers, and listeners. Since medieval times, prominent travellers such as Nasir- i-Khosraw, Ibn Jubayr and Ibn Battuta have praised its splendours.' The endless flow of stories contained in The Thousandand One Nights features Cairo, together with Baghdad, as the most re- current backdrop for all sorts of experiences and adventures. -
The Traditional Arts and Crafts of Turnery Or Mashrabiya
THE TRADITIONAL ARTS AND CRAFTS OF TURNERY OR MASHRABIYA BY JEHAN MOHAMED A Capstone submitted to the Graduate School-Camden Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Master of Art Graduate Program in Liberal Studies Written under the direction of Dr. Martin Rosenberg And Approved by ______________________________ Dr. Martin Rosenberg Camden, New Jersey May 2015 CAPSTONE ABSTRACT The Traditional Arts and Crafts of Turnery or Mashrabiya By JEHAN MOHAMED Capstone Director: Dr. Martin Rosenberg For centuries, the mashrabiya as a traditional architectural element has been recognized and used by a broad spectrum of Muslim and non-Muslim nations. In addition to its aesthetic appeal and social component, the element was used to control natural ventilation and light. This paper will analyze the phenomenon of its use socially, historically, artistically and environmentally. The paper will investigate in depth the typology of the screen; how the different techniques, forms and designs affect the function of channeling direct sunlight, generating air flow, increasing humidity, and therefore, regulating or conditioning the internal climate of a space. Also, in relation to cultural values and social norms, one can ask how the craft functioned, and how certain characteristics of the mashrabiya were developed to meet various needs. Finally, the study of its construction will be considered in relation to artistic representation, abstract geometry, as well as other elements of its production. ii Table of Contents Abstract……………………………………………………………………….……….…..ii List of Illustrations………………………………………………………………………..iv Introduction……………………………………………….…………………………….…1 Chapter One: Background 1.1. Etymology………………….……………………………………….……………..3 1.2. Description……………………………………………………………………...…6 1.3. -
Bab Al-Nasr • Is the Massive Fortified Gate with Rectangular Stone Towers Flanking the Semicircular Arch of the Eastern Portal
كلية السياحة والفنادق)قسم اﻻرشاد السياحي( مادة اثار مصر اﻻسﻻمية 1كود المقرر ر.س 326 الفصل الدراسي الثاني الفرقة الثالثة إرشاد سياحي أ.د سماح عبد الرحمن اﻻستاذ بالقسم القائمه علي تدريس المقرر [email protected] 01010119940 Bab Zuwayla (Bab al-Mitwalli) المحاضرة اﻻولي .(1092A.D/485A.H) • One of the three Fatimid gates that remain standing, this one at the south end of al- Qahira is perhaps the least interesting structurally. An attack from Syria was expected from the north, not the south. Visually, however, with its crowning fifteenth-century minarets, it is the most dramatic and it gives into abazaar quarter that is as full of life today as it was in the middle Ages المحاضرة اﻻولي • Bab Zuwayla, also called Bab al-Mitwalli, dates from 1092. It was part of the city fortifications put up by the Armenian wazir Badr al-Gamali and his Anatolian or Mesopotamian Christian architects. The gate was named after Fatimid soldiers from the Berber tribe al-Zawila who were quartered in the vicinity after the building of the original gate in 969, when alQahira was founded. The name Bab al-Mitwalli dates from Ottoman times, when the wali, or Ottoman officer, charged with maintaining public order, had his residence and headquarters near here. المحاضرة اﻻولي • The gate's projecting, rounded towers connected by a covered passageway over the large, arched opening are northern Syrian or Byzantine, not Arab, in inspiration and spirit. The two minarets that spring from the towers belong to the Mosque of al-Mu'ayyad Shaykh, just inside the gate, which forms the wall to the west. -
Trip to Egypt January 25 to February 8, 2020. Day 1
Address : Group72,building11,ap32, El Rehab city. Cairo ,Egypt. tel : 002 02 26929768 cell phone: 002 012 23 16 84 49 012 20 05 34 44 Website : www.mirusvoyages.com EMAIL:[email protected] Trip to Egypt January 25 to February 8, 2020. Day 1 Travel from Chicago to Cairo Day 2 Arrival at Cairo airport, meet & assistance, transfer to the hotel. Overnight at the hotel in Cairo. Day 3 Saqqara, the oldest complete stone building complex known in history, Saqqara features numerous pyramids, including the world-famous Step pyramid of Djoser, Visit the wonderful funerary complex of the King Zoser & Mastaba (Arabic word meaning 'bench') of a Noble. Lunch in a local restaurant. Visit the three Pyramids of Giza, the pyramid of Cheops is the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and the only one to remain largely intact. ), the Great Pyramid was the tallest man-made structure in the world for more than 3,800 years. The temple of the valley & the Sphinx. Overnight at the hotel in Cairo. Day 4 Visit the Mokattam church, also known by Cave Church & garbage collectors( Zabbaleen) Mokattam, it is the largest church in the Middle East, seating capacity of 20,000. Visit the Coptic Cairo, Visit The Church of St. Sergius (Abu Sarga) is the oldest church in Egypt dating back to the 5th century A.D. The church owes its fame to having been constructed upon the crypt of the Holy Family where they stayed for three months, visit the Hanging Church (The Address : Group72,building11,ap32, El Rehab city. -
CAIRO T E N a L 109 P Y L E N Park O L
© Lonely Planet 109 Cairo CAIRO Let’s address the drawbacks first. The crowds on a Cairo footpath make Manhattan look like a ghost town. You will be hounded by papyrus sellers at every turn. Your life will flash before your eyes each time you venture across a street. And your snot will run black from the smog. But it’s a small price to pay to visit the city Cairenes call Umm ad-Dunya – the Mother of the World. This city has an energy, palpable even at three in the morning, like no other. It’s the product of its 20 million inhabitants waging a battle against the desert and winning (mostly), of 20 million people simultaneously crushing the city’s infrastructure under their collective weight and lifting the city’s spirit up with their uncommon graciousness and humour. One taxi ride can span millennia, from the resplendent mosques and mausoleums built at the pinnacle of the Islamic empire, to the 19th-century palaces and grand avenues (which earned the city the nickname ‘Paris on the Nile’), to the brutal concrete blocks of the Nasser years – then all the way back to the days of the pharaohs, as the Pyramids of Giza hulk on the western edge of the city. The architectural jumble is smoothed over by an even coating of beige sand, and the sand is a social equaliser as well: everyone, no matter how rich, gets dusty when the spring khamsin blows in. So blow your nose, crack a joke and learn to look through the dirt to see the city’s true colours. -
Mamluk Studies Review Vol. XI, No. 2 (2007)
MAMLŪK STUDIES REVIEW XI (2) 2007 MAMLŪK STUDIES REVIEW XI (2) 2007 MIDDLE EAST DOCUMENTATION CENTER (MEDOC) THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PLEASE NOTE: As of 2015, to ensure open access to scholarship, we have updated and clarified our copyright policies. This page has been added to all back issues to explain the changes. See http://mamluk.uchicago.edu/open-acess.html for more information. MAMLŪK STUDIES REVIEW published by the middle east documentation center (medoc) the university of chicago E-ISSN 1947-2404 (ISSN for printed volumes: 1086-170X) Mamlūk Studies Review is an annual, Open Access, refereed journal devoted to the study of the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt and Syria (648–922/1250–1517). The goals ofMamlūk Studies Review are to take stock of scholarship devoted to the Mamluk era, nurture communication within the field, and promote further research by encouraging the critical discussion of all aspects of this important medieval Islamic polity. The journal includes both articles and reviews of recent books. Submissions of original work on any aspect of the field are welcome, although the editorial board will periodically issue volumes devoted to specific topics and themes.Mamlūk Studies Review also solicits edited texts and translations of shorter Arabic source materials (waqf deeds, letters,fatawa and the like), and encourages discussions of Mamluk era artifacts (pottery, coins, etc.) that place these resources in wider contexts. An article or book review in Mamlūk Studies Review makes its author a contributor to the scholarly literature and should add to a constructive dialogue. Questions regarding style should be resolved through reference to the MSR Editorial and Style Guide (http://mamluk.uchicago.edu/msr.html) and The Chicago Manual of Style. -
The Switchers Highlighted in This Guide
THE Your guide to off-the- beaten-path sustainable SWITCHERS travel and shopping Egypt SwitchMed programme is funded by the European Union —— SPOTLIGHT SPOTLIGHT EgyptEgypt RecognizedRecognized for for its its historyhistory andand nature,nature, Egypt’sEgypt’s tourism tourism sector sector isis steadilysteadily recovering,recovering, leaving leaving opportunityopportunity forfor sustainablesustainable tourism tourism initiativesinitiatives toto taketake rootroot andand grow. grow. This This guide guide willwill helphelp youyou traveltravel beyondbeyond the the standard standard touristtourist attractions,attractions, andand gain gain a a deeper deeper understandingunderstanding ofof thethe countrycountry and and the the innovative innovative entrepreneursentrepreneurs whowho call call it it home. home. ThisThis trip, trip, have have a a different different kindkind ofof experience:experience: one one that that isis asas responsibleresponsible andand environmentally-consciousenvironmentally-conscious asas itit isis fun.fun. Planning a trip can be overwhelming, so we kept this guide simple. It is separated into four sections: — THE FOUR SECTIONS YOU WILL FIND: WHERE TO WHERE TO WHAT TO WHAT TO STAY EAT DO BRING HOME We have also created a Google Map featuring each location mentioned, and underlined text can be clicked to access relevant websites. Each section features the projects and creations of our Egypt- Access Egypt Google Map based Switchers — the green entrepreneurs creating circular, sustainable economies to benefit their country and beyond. Whether you are traveling for business or work, we hope you discover something new and inspiring through the Switchers highlighted in this guide. Happy travels! The Switchers — HIGHLIGHTS 30 national parks & protected areas including Ras Mohamed National Park and Wadi Rayan 4.5 million visitors to Egypt in 2016 773,000 jobs in Egypt supported by tourism — WHERE TO STAY Where to Stay Venture out of Cairo and discover Egypt’s dazzling array of eco-lodges and camps. -
The Impact of the Arab Conquest on Late Roman Settlementin Egypt
Pýý.ý577 THE IMPACT OF THE ARAB CONQUEST ON LATE ROMAN SETTLEMENTIN EGYPT VOLUME I: TEXT UNIVERSITY LIBRARY CAMBRIDGE This dissertation is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Cambridge, March 2002 ALISON GASCOIGNE DARWIN COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE For my parents with love and thanks Abstract The Impact of the Arab Conquest on Late Roman Settlement in Egypt Alison Gascoigne, Darwin College The Arab conquest of Egypt in 642 AD affected the development of Egyptian towns in various ways. The actual military struggle, the subsequent settling of Arab tribes and changes in administration are discussed in chapter 1, with reference to specific sites and using local archaeological sequences. Chapter 2 assesseswhether our understanding of the archaeological record of the seventh century is detailed enough to allow the accurate dating of settlement changes. The site of Zawyet al-Sultan in Middle Egypt was apparently abandoned and partly burned around the time of the Arab conquest. Analysis of surface remains at this site confirmed the difficulty of accurately dating this event on the basis of current information. Chapters3 and 4 analysethe effect of two mechanismsof Arab colonisation on Egyptian towns. First, an investigation of the occupationby soldiers of threatened frontier towns (ribats) is based on the site of Tinnis. Examination of the archaeological remains indicates a significant expansion of Tinnis in the eighth and ninth centuries, which is confirmed by references in the historical sources to building programmes funded by the central government. Second, the practice of murtaba ` al- jund, the seasonal exploitation of the town and its hinterland for the grazing of animals by specific tribal groups is examined with reference to Kharibta in the western Delta. -
The Aesthetics of Islamic Architecture & the Exuberance of Mamluk Design
The Aesthetics of Islamic Architecture & The Exuberance of Mamluk Design Tarek A. El-Akkad Dipòsit Legal: B. 17657-2013 ADVERTIMENT. La consulta d’aquesta tesi queda condicionada a l’acceptació de les següents condicions d'ús: La difusió d’aquesta tesi per mitjà del servei TDX (www.tesisenxarxa.net) ha estat autoritzada pels titulars dels drets de propietat intel·lectual únicament per a usos privats emmarcats en activitats d’investigació i docència. No s’autoritza la seva reproducció amb finalitats de lucre ni la seva difusió i posada a disposició des d’un lloc aliè al servei TDX. No s’autoritza la presentació del s eu contingut en una finestra o marc aliè a TDX (framing). Aquesta reserva de drets afecta tant al resum de presentació de la tesi com als seus continguts. En la utilització o cita de parts de la tesi és obligat indicar el nom de la persona autora. ADVERTENCIA. La consulta de esta tesis queda condicionada a la aceptación de las siguientes condiciones de uso: La difusión de esta tesis por medio del servicio TDR (www.tesisenred.net) ha sido autorizada por los titulares de los derechos de propiedad intelectual únicamente para usos privados enmarcados en actividades de investigación y docencia. No se autoriza su reproducción con finalidades de lucro ni su difusión y puesta a disposición desde un sitio ajeno al servicio TDR. No se autoriza la presentación de su contenido en una ventana o marco ajeno a TDR (framing). Esta reserva de derechos afecta tanto al resumen de presentación de la tesis como a sus contenidos. -
Staging the City: Or How Mamluk Architecture Coopted the Streets of Cairo
Staging the City: Or How Mamluk Architecture Coopted the Streets of Cairo Gesamttext_UHML_9_Druckfreigabe.indb 1 21.07.2014 21:15:09 Ulrich Haarmann Memorial Lecture ed. Stephan Conermann Volume 9 Gesamttext_UHML_9_Druckfreigabe.indb 2 21.07.2014 21:15:09 Nasser Rabbat Staging the City: Or How Mamluk Architecture Coopted the Streets of Cairo BERLIN EBVERLAG Gesamttext_UHML_9_Druckfreigabe.indb 3 21.07.2014 21:15:10 Bibliogra!sche Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliogra!e; detaillierte bibliogra!sche Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. Alle Rechte vorbehalten. Dieses Buch, einschließlich aller seiner Teile, ist urheberrechtlich geschützt. Vervielfältigungen, Übersetzungen, Mikrover!lmungen sowie die Einspeicherung und Verarbeitung in elektronischen Systemen bedürfen der schriftlichen Genehmigung des Verlags. Rainer Kuhl Copyright ©: EB-Verlag Dr. Brandt Berlin 2014 ISBN: 978-3-86893-153-2 Internet: www.ebverlag.de E-Mail: [email protected] Printed in Germany Gesamttext_UHML_9_Druckfreigabe.indb 4 21.07.2014 21:15:10 Staging the City 5 Staging the City: Or How Mamluk Architecture Coopted the Streets of Cairo In January 1383, Ibn Khaldun arrived in Cairo from Tunis. His reaction to the city, often quoted, captures a feeling that was to engender a staunch nostalgia to his era among subsequent generations of Egyptians. He wrote I beheld the metropolis of the world, orchard of the universe, hive of nations, iwan of Islam, throne of royalty, bursting with palaces and iwans within, shining on the horizon with khanqahs and madrasas, illuminated by the moons and stars of its learned scholars.1 Despite its ornateness, Ibn Khaldun’s passage held true for many of his contemporaries who waxed lyrical about Cairo’s vast expanse, diverse population, and architectural splendor. -
Of Historic Cairo NAIRY HAMPIKIAN
A Decisive Moment for the Survival of Historic Cairo NAIRY HAMPIKIAN he Islamic heritage of Cairo was first introduced to the cultural map of Egypt by Edm6 Fran:ois Jomard, a member of the French scientific mission accompanying the Napoleon- ic Expedition to Egypt (1798 to 80o). In his work,' the then 'modern' Cairo was given special attention, receiving a much more detailed map than any previously available with individ- ual buildings historically and architecturally documented and hand crafts surveyed. This en- cyclopaedic survey of Cairo can be considered a precursory form of large-scale conservation,2 since it in fact paved the way towards extensive intervention on historic Cairo in 882, when the Comit de Conservation des Monuments de l'Art Arabe was founded. The Comite developed a system- atic set of actions for safeguarding the Islamic and Coptic heritage of Cairo: buildings with his- toric value were registered as monuments; monuments were rescued from urban invasions that would eventually have led to a risk of their expropriation and the parasite structures built in, on and around them were removed; damaged or missing elements of monuments were restored; de- tails and decorations of historic buildings were documented, preserved, completed, and duplicat- ed repeatedly; dialogue was established between the different bodies involved with the different as- pects of monuments - such as ownership, craftsmanship, and financing; finally, the whole process was published in the Bulletins- yearly publications by the ComitY. Without doubt, the programme developed and implemented by the Comit6 can rightfully be considered the greatest attempt at res- cuing historic Cairo ever put into operation in modern times. -
Medieval Cairo
FORM AND TERRITORY A Comparison Between Four Areas in Cairo by Sawsan El Sayed Bakr B.S. in Architecture, Cairo University Cairo, Egypt July 1977 SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN ARCHITECTURE STUDIES AT THE MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY. Copyright ( Sawsan El Sayed Bakr 1981 The Author hereby grants to M.I.T. permission to reproduce and to distribute publicly copies of this thesis document in whole or in part. Signature of Author- - -. v -- - - - - -- .. -- . Department of Architecture May 8, 1981 Certified by . .. ... -. - -. -. --. --. -- - -- - -- - -- - -. John Habraken, Professor of Architecture Head of h1e Departpent of Architecture Thesis Supervisor Accepted by . - - - - - Professor Julian Beinart, Chairman I DepaA1'rftntal Committee for Graduate Students MAY 28 19TTUTE MAY 2 8 1981i LIBRARIES 2 FORM AND TERRITORY A-COMPARISON BETWEEN FOUR AREAS IN CAIRO BY SAWSAN EL SAYED BAKR Submitted to the Department of Architecture on May, 14, 1981 in partial fulfillment of the re- quirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Architectural Studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In the design of the built environment, it is very important to understand and realize the importance of design decisions such as - The form of the environment to be created. - The percentage of the open and built areas. - The different territories that this form of environment can hold. This thesis is a study of the relation between form and territory in four different built environments in Cairo. This is achieved by the application of three methods of analysis (form analysis, quantification ion fo form as analysed, territorial analysis) to the four areas.