Editor : Group Captain Syed Shakil Ali, ndc, psc, GD (P) Asst Editors : Lieutenant Colonel Mohammad Mohtashim Hyder Chowdhury, psc, Inf : Commander Ahamed Amin Abdullah, (G), psc, BN : Wing Commander Md Asadul Karim, psc, GD (P) Co-ordinator : Major Md Abu Sahadat Hossain, AEC “Mirpur Papers” is a professional journal of the Defence Services Command and Staff College, traditionally published once in a year. However, it is decided that two journals are going to be published in each year from DSCSC 2014-2015 Course. It aims at making selected works of students and faculty members of the College accessible to all readers, especially those from the armed forces. The abridged versions of the articles are published for easy understanding of the readers. Primary sources of these journals were the academic studies done by the students and faculty members. However, articles received from all ranks, having special knowledge and interests in present institutional, national, regional and international issues including military and security affairs are also welcomed. The articles must be of original works or thoughts on military or security related issues of current or historical interest and previously unpublished in any form. Notes, references and bibliography should be given where necessary. Whilst articles of any length will be considered, the ideal is to aim for 3000-5000 words. Hard copy of the article and its abstract between 150-200 words may be submitted at any time of the year accompanied by a short biographical note of author. A CD must be submitted containing the article, the abstract and the biographical note. There is a provision of remuneration for articles published. The college reserves copyright of the articles published in this journal. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or buy any means, electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise without explicit permission of the Editor of this journal. The views expressed in each of these papers are solely of individual author and are not to be considered as official endorsement of the views of their government or any of their departments. MIRPUR PAPERS – 2015-1 Mailing Address: The Editor Mirpur Papers Defence Service Command and Staff College Mirpur Cantonment Dhaka – 1216 Bangladesh Telephone: 88-02-8000345 Fax: 88-02-9011450 E-mail: [email protected] Copyright (C) 2006 DSCSC ISSN 1023 – 6325 Published at Dhaka, Bangladesh By Defence Service Command and Staff College Printed by Army Printing Press 168 Zia Colony Dhaka Cantonment, Dhaka-1206 Bangladesh EDITORIAL “Mirpur Papers” are the professional journals of the Defence Services Command and Staff College. Traditionally one paper used to publish yearly. With the govern decision, two journals are going to be published in a year from DSCSC 2014-2015 Course and onwards. A few selected articles, primarily from the research works of the Student Officers of DSCSC Courses, have been included in these journals. The journals are fine blend of articles that present institutional, national, regional and international issues. The articles are basically abridge versions of the original dissertation papers submitted as a part of the Masters Program under the auspices of Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP). As supervisors of the research works, significant contributions were also made by the faculty members. Besides, articles from faculty members and others having especial knowledge or interests in military or security affairs have also ornamented these journals. This journal is the second part of Mirpur Papers published in this year. In the first article, the author illustrated the Battle of Gallipoli, one of the momentous battle of World War I. The battle was fought between the Allied Forces comprised of British, French and ANZAC troops against the Central Forces comprising Ottomans and Germans. The overall objective of the article was to draw the implications from the said battle. The author went on elaborating the event that led to World War I, where he gave especial importance to situation in Ottoman Empire before the battle. He highlighted that though the battle was initiated by the Allied Power, with high strategic hopes, but the same was turned into an unsuccessful attempt through the charismatic leadership of Mustafa Kemal. The author elaborated the surface, sub-surface and aerial engagements involved in the Battle of Gallipoli while highlighting the importance of operational secrecy, logistical challenges, timely orchestration of the battle space and ultimate silent evacuation from the battle area. He reiterated the consequences that UK faced following the defeat while the revival of the Turks as a nation following their victory and the overall impact of the battle on the rest of the World War. The second article is concerning the usage and production of indigenous UAV for Bangladesh Navy (BN) which is likely to act as force multiplier. Bangladesh being a maritime nation has a vast sea area in Bay of Bengal and BN is entrusted to safeguard this area. UAV is the latest military innovation that has been added to the world navies. The author said that being a developing country, Bangladesh cannot afford to buy UAV from other countries since it is very much costly. Therefore, BN needs to make indigenous UAV for various naval applications. However, he has mentioned few challenges on indigenous UAV production for BN; such as foreign dependence, less budgetary allocation is the major challenges. He has suggested that step by step approach, integration with public and private industries, giving emphasis in the research and development etc. can contribute to mitigate those challenges. Not only that, BN may also pursue for the integration of public and private institutions for indigenous UAV production. The third article shades light on the possibility of enhancing bilateral trade, economic cooperation and connectivity between Bangladesh and Myanmar. The writer argues that despite having traditional commercial and cultural ties, and same colonial legacy, Bangladesh and Myanmar have developed lukewarm bilateral relations between them. He highlights that the Rohingya issue, complicated by Myanmar military juntas’ self-isolation policy, as the predominant bottle-neck between these neighbors. However, he notes that since 2012 Myanmar has been experiencing political and economic reforms, bringing new hopes and opportunities. Under this backdrop, he urges that enhanced bilateral trade, economic cooperation and connectivity will create conducive ground for multi-level interaction which can remove all mistrust and misconception. As such, he recommends for forming vibrant regional group including improved connectivity, and bi-lateral multi-level engagements, energy cooperation, people to people exchange and track II diplomacy. With this note writer hopes such engagement would have positive spillover effects on resolving the Rohingya issue by bringing all concern stakeholders with a positive dialogue mindset and greater political will. i In the fourth article the author has underpinned the food adulteration situation in Bangladesh. He highlights that, though having pure food is our constitutional rights, most of the foods i.e. fish, milk, meat, vegetables, fruits, baby food etc. are being adulterated in our country by mixing different hazardous chemicals. He notes that most of the foodstuffs in Bangladesh, manufactured or processed, are unsafe for consumption as adulterated to varying degrees. As such, present state of food adulteration in our country is really alarming and increasing every day. This unhygienic and unsafe adulterated food is seriously affecting human health by causing numerous chronic and non- chronic diseases. Under this backdrop, while examining the effects of food adulteration on human health, this research finds that we will have more chronic problem like cancer, more of diabetics, kidney and lever problem due to the increased food adulteration. He concludes that if food adulteration is not controlled, it will definitely reduce the life expectancy of the people of Bangladesh. As such, he recommends for controlling this bad horse by strictly enforcement of “Safe Food Act, 2013”, increasing mass awareness, equipping food laboratories, ensuring strict monitoring system, and denying misuse, import and usage of hazardous, chemicals. In the fifth article the author is focusing on the most talked about issue of these days; re-emergence of Russia and challenges within USA dominated in unipolar world. Since the iron curtain of Cold War has fallen, the bipolar world has turned into a unipolar world dominated by USA. The observers of international relations are sanguine in Russia to have potential to re-emerge as a superpower. In this juncture, the author said that Bangladesh may strengthen bilateral relationship with Russia while maintaining status quo with other countries of the world as well. To mark this relation Russia is supporting Bangladesh in developing nuclear power plant and in turn Bangladesh has also shown interest in participating new BRICS Bank initiative. The author mentioned that Bangladesh may look forward to create market of Bangladeshi product to ensure her own economic growth and also prospect of manpower export in Russia. The author recommended the military cooperation with Russia by sharing technology, training and conducting of combined exercises. The sixth article focuses on the restructuring of corps of engineers, blending combat