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Rosa Adap Knowledge Management CENTER FOR EVALUATION AND DEVELOPMENT PAKISTAN ROSA ADAP COUNTRY KNOWLEDGE REPORT MANAGEMENT September 2019 UNICEF ROSA Knowledge Management – Pakistan Country Report This study was commissioned by UNICEF Regional Office for South Asia (ROSA) and this report was submitted by the Center for Evaluation and Development (C4ED). The expressed point of view in this document may not necessarily represent the views of UNICEF ROSA, UNICEF Pakistan Country Office nor the authorities of Pakistan. Prepared for UNICEF ROSA and UNICEF Pakistan Country Office by: Prof. Dr. Markus Frölich, Mariam Nikravech, Agathe Rivière and Laura Ahlborn. i Center for Evaluation and Development – September 2019 UNICEF ROSA Knowledge Management – Pakistan Country Report ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The research team acknowledges the very useful guidance and excellent support provided by the staff of UNICEF Pakistan Country Office and Field Offices in throughout the study process. The research team is extremely thankful to our national researchers, Ms. Sarah Hayek Malik, Ms. Mawish Iqbal, Mr. Qamar Din Tagar and Mr. Muhammed Azhar, for their local expertise and excellent support provided in planning, coordinating and facilitating the field mission and for providing high quality research inputs into the analysis. The research team is also thankful to Mr. Mansoor Khoso who supported the mission with transcription. Furthermore, excellent research assistance was provided by Mariya Afonina, Tahira Tarique and Karim Soubai. ii Center for Evaluation and Development – September 2019 UNICEF ROSA Knowledge Management – Pakistan Country Report TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments ................................................................................................................................................................... ii Table of Contents.................................................................................................................................................................... iii List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................................................ v List of Tables .............................................................................................................................................................................. v Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................................................ vi Acronyms .................................................................................................................................................................................... xi Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Context .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Demographic and Geographic Characteristics of Pakistan ........................................................................... 2 Being an Adolescent in Pakistan .............................................................................................................................. 2 The Persistence of Harmful Social and Gender Norms in Pakistan ........................................................... 3 UNICEF–Supported Interventions to Improve Adolescents’ Life Skills and Empowerment .................... 5 The Adolescent Groups ................................................................................................................................................ 5 The Adolescent Empowerment Toolkit ................................................................................................................ 6 UNICEF–Supported Interventions to Provide an Enabling Environment ........................................................ 7 The Training for Key Community Influencers .................................................................................................... 7 The Community Intergenerational Dialogues .................................................................................................... 8 The Community-based Media Campaign .............................................................................................................. 8 UNICEF-Supported Interventions to Support the Service Provision to Adolescents, Including the Most Hard-To-Reach Ones ................................................................................................................................................... 8 The Alternative Learning Programme ................................................................................................................... 8 Research Methodology ....................................................................................................................................................... 10 Knowledge Management – Evidence from Child Protection, Education And Communication for Development Interventions in Pakistan ...................................................................................................................... 13 Domain 1 – Adolescent Participation and Empowerment ................................................................................... 13 A – What was the Outreach of the Interventions to the Adolescents? .................................................. 13 B – How Effective Were the Adolescent Groups in Reinforcing Peer-Learning Among Adolescents? .................................................................................................................................................................. 19 C – How Gender-Responsive Was the Adolescent Group and the Life Skills Training based on the Adolescent Empowerment Toolkit? ............................................................................................................. 23 D – How Did The Adolescent Empowerment Toolkit and Adolescent Groups Influence Change in Social and Gender Norms Among the Concerned Adolescents? ......................................................... 27 E – How Did The Adolescents Groups and the Adolescent Empowerment Toolkit Increase Participation and Agency of the Adolescents in their Community? ....................................................... 38 Summary of Domain 1 – Adolescent Participation and Empowerment ............................................... 48 Domain 2 – Enabling Environment for Adolescents ............................................................................................... 49 iii Center for Evaluation and Development – September 2019 UNICEF ROSA Knowledge Management – Pakistan Country Report Engaging the Key Community Influencers ............................................................................................................. 49 A – What Was the Outreach of the Key Community Influencers Training? ......................................... 49 B – How Did the Training for Key Community Influencers Increase their Awareness and Knowledge to Challenge Social and Gender Norms and Promote Child Rights? ............................... 52 C –How Did The Key Influencers Engage Parents and the Community to Challenge Harmful Social and Gender Norms and Promote Child Rights? ................................................................................. 55 Engaging the Community .............................................................................................................................................. 58 D – What Was the Outreach of the Community Intergenerational Dialogues and Other Community-based Media Campaign Activities ............................................................................................... 58 E – How Did a Gender Responsive Community-Based Media Campaign Influence Participation and Empowerment? ................................................................................................................................................... 60 F – How Effective was the Community-based Media Campaign In Engaging Parents and Community Members to Challenge Harmful Social and Gender norms and Promote Child Rights? .............................................................................................................................................................................. 62 Summary of Domain 2 – Enabling Environment for Adolescents ........................................................... 63 Domain 3 – Provision of Services for Adolescents and in particular hard-to-reach adolescents: The Alternative Learning Programme .................................................................................................................................. 64 A – What Was the Outreach of the Alternative Learning Programme? ................................................. 64 B – How Effective Was the Alternative Learning Programme in Delivering Adolescent-Oriented Services and Providing Them with Quality Education?............................................................................... 66 Summary of Domain 3 – Provision of Services for Adolescents in Hard-to-Reach Areas ............. 76 Key Conclusions ....................................................................................................................................................................
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