DOCSLIB.ORG

Chapter 2 Literature Review

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Chapter 2 Literature Review Siam University CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.0 Related Research The purpose of this chapter is to compile and organize information about the variables integral to this research. This includes references that link theory to practice and the relevant operative definitions. In this regard, qualifying concepts such as groupthink and turnover as well as to define the main operative definition in order to get better appreciation and understanding. 2.1 Introduction Battambang is located in the northwest of the Kingdom and it is well known for being the leading rice-producing province. It is the main hub connecting to the northwest region with Phnom Penh and Thailand. According to the results of the 2011 Economic Census, the total number of establishments of Battambang indicated 34, 097 while the total number of persons engaged showed 84,790 persons. It accounts for 6.8% of the total number of establishments in Cambodia (505,134 establishments) and for 5.1% of the total number of person engaged (1,673,390 persons) in the Kingdom of Cambodia. Furthermore, the results of the 2011 Economic Census disclosed that the total amount of annual sales in Battambang presented 576 million US dollars while that of annual expenses in the province indicated 466 million US dollars. The former accounted for 4.5% of the total amount of annual sales while the latter for 4.2% of the total amount of annual expenses in the Kingdom. 2.2 History of Battambang Province According to the legendary the name “ BATTAMBANG” derived from origin story that a king name Tambang Kranhoung threw his stick toward Jao Phromakil then his stick had lost over this Battambang area. Indeed, this province has a really amuse history. In the 18th century, when the Statue in Battambang province Cambodia was extremely weak, and the invasion of the Thai and Vietnamese soldiers there is one Khmer official named Phyan Ben, who is the governor of Battambang and Siem Reap province had betrayed not listen to Oudong civil servants, and he was supported by Thai King. Thai King liked him and promoted Pyan Ben and his relatives to be the lord which, local people called them “Sir”. At that time, Battambang and -1- Siam University Siem Reap was dominated by Thailand in the year 1795. In 1907 these two provinces were occupied by Khmer, later on during the second world war (1939-1945) Thailand has seized Battambang and Siem Reap again. Finally, Khmer has occupied those two provinces in 1945 until now due to France colonial. Another documents have described about history of Battambang province as following; After the failure of Langvek building Cambodia was extremely weak and Thai and Vietnamese have often invaded Cambodia. In 1794 Battambang province was dominated by Thailand and one Khmer king name Ang Doung had intention of defense-minded territory from losing then he asked French government for help. In 1759 France has built his own palace then they have set colonial laws on Kampuchea Krom area of Cambodia to be the territory of Vietnam. In 1863 the King Norodom handed Cambodia over to France for protecting in order to avoid invading from neighboring countries. In 1867 Thai king agreed of the France colonial on Cambodia but, Thailand was still dominating Battambang, Siem Reap, Sisoporn, Mluo Prey and Tonle Pouv. French government had planned to demand for Battambang and Siem Reap using force but, in 1886 conflict between France and Thailand had occurred in Laos. French soldier dismissed Thai soldier from northern part of Laos. Battambang province, which was dominated by Thailand and because of the huge ambitious of Chauvea Bean in 1795, This province was occupied again by Cambodia during the duty of king Sisovath and king Chulalong Korn. 2.3 Geography of Battambang Province 2.3.1 Geography Battambang province in located in the north-west of Cambodia, which border with Pursa Banteaymeanchey provinces, Tonle Sap lake and also Thailand border. This province is located around 291 kilometers from capital city of Phnom Penh. Battambang province, one of the leading rice, sweet orange and natural gems in Pailin province. On the other hand, there are many natural resources in this province such as; forest, fish, and other agriculture crops like, lentils, peanuts, soybeans, etc. In addition, there are many Map of Battambang province types water animals in Tonle Sap lake namely, crocodiles, snakes, turtles, softshell which is living -2- Siam University in the flooded forest. In the end of 1940s and 1950s the forest in this province was the home of thousand of wildlife such as; elephants, deer, and feral. The central part of the province wide spread from north to south are the administration areas, countryside, and fields of rice. The necessary rivers which are floating across the province toward Tonle Sap lake are Don Tri, Mong Ruessey, Stueng Songkhae, and Stueng Mongkol Borey rivers. The main roads that is connected from capital city of Phnom Penh to this province is national road number 5 (Phnom Penh – Poipet) railway (Phnom Penh – Poipet), Veal Bekchan airport for domestic flights and water way from Phnom Penh via Tonle Sap lake - Stueng Songkhae river to the city of Battambang during raining season. The province has totally 13 districts, 1 city and 98 communes, and Battambang has its own 11702 square kilometers and 1,1 million of population. Recently, tourism industry is the major source for economic development, so Battambang also play an important role to attract the tourists from over the world to visit his ancient temples and natural resources including agricultural sector, trade, industrial and cultural. 2.3.2 Weather The weather of this province is medium, not too cold and not too hot. The weather will be changed depends on seasons, dry season starts from November to April, which temperature is around 29 to 32 degree Celsius and raining season starts from May to the end of October and the normal temperature is around 26 degree Celsius. Normally, this province receives 1,300mm rain in 122 days of a year and low rain fall from December to January, which is only 4 or 5 mm then heavy rain fall during June to October with approximately 160 to 240mm. 2.3.3 Topography Battambang province has east borders with Tole Sap lake, north border with Kampong Trach, south border with Pursat province and the west border with Pailin province and Thailand. This province has totally 1,162,2 hectares and are used as following; - Land for construction is 42.200 hectares - Land for grow rice is 415.200 hectares - Submerges is 145.800 hectares - Public land is 486.700 hectares Battambang province is divided and combined with mountain area, high plateau and big water system; - There are big forest and especially, full of bamboo on the mountain - High limestone plateau and yellowed soil -3- Siam University - Fertile soil that can grow rice - Water from Tonle Sap lake can be used to supply growing crops Because of Battambang province is full of natural resources so they can attract more tourists both local and international. 2.4 Attract Resources There are more than 30 tourism places in Battambang province, which have registered and listed on the map and for observation. But we would like to mention only 13 places which are the most popular and in order to make it easy for researching we divided them into 3 parts and they are, 3 places in natural resources, 4 places in cultural resources and historical, and the last 3 places in artificial resources. 2.4.1 Natural Resources Because of Battambang province is in the shape of highlands area that is full of mountains, forest, and various types of nature, so it is main factor, which attracts more tourists to visit when they are free from work. Natural resources are a major resource to serve the needs of people. In particular, forestry is important in helping to prevent flooding as a shelter for all kinds of wildlife and wild fish. Moreover, they have a role in hiring natural beauty in the magnificent beauty that can help to attract the interest from tourists from everywhere. 2.4.1.1 Natural Resorts and Cultural of Sampouv Mountain Sampouv mountain is a natural resort which located along the national road number 57 Sompouv district, Srok Battambang and it has around 100 meters height and approximately 12 kilometers from Battambang city. There is an temple on the top of the mountain and many caves such as; Pkarsla cave, Lakhorn cave, Taeng Kloun cave, Khyol cave, Asop cave, Kork Troung cave, etc. We will see these caves as long as we arrived on the top and we even can visit many stages of the mountain. Each cave has a different history and a striking separately as well; Pkarsla cave is a really beautiful cave, which has stone mountain grow like a flower and it had happened since the ancient time because of the shedding of drops of water slowly for thousands of years, and assembly becomes a huge rock so then the local people called them Pkarsla cave. And Khyol cave is a cave that has cold temperature when we stand in front of it and it makes visitors feel relax and refresh. Not only the air in the cave, but when we were going up the hill there is a persistent cold air with a natural green color. Whereas today there are some cave was loaded with -4- Siam University large skull ghost left since the Pol Pot regime. There is also some pagodas locate on the top of the mountain namely; Tvea Bram Bey temple where incense grandmother Tep.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 44321-013: Climate Resilient Rice Commercialization Sector
    Initial Environmental Examination Project Number: 44321-013 November 2019 Cambodia: Climate Resilient Rice Commercialization Sector Development Program Loans 3006/3007/8271-CAM Grants 0349/0350-CAM Prepared by Ministry of Economy and Finance for the Royal Government of Cambodia and the Asian Development Bank. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA Nation Religion King Ministry of Economy and Finance Climate-Resilient Rice Commercialization Sector Development Program ADB Loans 3006/3007/8271 and Grants 0349/0350-CAM Initial Environmental Examination for Establishment of Paddy Drying and Storage Facility at Phou Poy Rice Mill in Chumnik Village, Anlong Vil Commune, Sangkae District, Battambang Province November 2019 CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (November 2019) Currency Unit – riel (KR) KR1.00 = $0.00025 $1.00 = KR4, 000 ABBREVIATIONS ADB Asian Development Bank CLAC Commune Land Acquisition Committee DD & CS Detailed Design and Construction Supervision EHS Environmental, Health and Safety EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan
    [Show full text]
  • 4 Days / 3 Nights Siem Reap Angkor Wat & Battambang Experience
    4 Days / 3 Nights Siem Reap Angkor Wat & Battambang Experience Product Code : TREP4D(4ERM)-310320 Package include : * 03 night’s accommodation * Full board meals – 03 breakfasts, 02 lunches & 02 dinner * Return airport-hotel-airport transfer * Full-day Angkor Heritage Tour * Full-day Excursion to North Battambang * English-speaking guide Sample itinerary : Day 01 _______ / SIEM REAP (No meal) Upon your arrival at Siem Reap International Airport, you will be met by our local representative and thereafter, transfer to your selected hotel for check-in. Rest of the day is free at leisure for you to explore the city. Day 02 SIEM REAP (Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner) After breakfast, begin the day with a visit to The South Gate of Angkor Thom, the last capital of the Khmer Empire. Explore the temples inside the walls of the “Great City” such as Bayon, Phimeanakas, Baphoun, Terrace of the Elephants as well as the Terrace of the Leper King; followed by a small circuit tour of Thommanon, Chau Say Tevoda, Ta Keo and Ta Prohm, a temple with jungle-like atmosphere with a combination of giant trees and extensive roots growing out of the ruins. After lunch, explore the grounds of Angkor Wat, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the “Seven Wonders of the World”. Constructed during the first half of the 12th century and encompassing an area of about 400 acres, this awe-inspiring temple is the largest and the best-preserved monument within the ancient city that was the epicentre of the Khmer empire that once ruled most of Southeast Asia.
    [Show full text]
  • Thèse Pour Obtenir Le Grade De Docteur De Montpellier Supagro
    THÈSE POUR OBTENIR LE GRADE DE DOCTEUR DE MONTPELLIER SUPAGRO En Écologie Fonctionnelle et Sciences Agronomiques École doctorale GAIA – Biodiversité, Agriculture, Alimentation, Environnement, Terre, Eau Portée par l’Université de Montpellier Unité de recherche UR 115 - AIDA-Agroécologie et Intensification Durable des Cultures Annuelles LANDSCAPES AND LIVELIHOODS CHANGES IN THE NORTH-WESTERN UPLANDS OF CAMBODIA: OPPORTUNITIES FOR BUILDING RESILIENT FARMING SYSTEMS Présentée par M. Rada KONG Le 7 novembre 2019 Sous la direction de Jean Christophe CASTELLA Devant le jury composé de M. Jean -Pierre SARTHOU, Professeur, INP-ENSAT Président du jury - Rapporteur M. Ole MERTZ, Professeur, Université de Copenhagen Rapporteur Mme Agnès BEGUE, Chercheuse, CIRAD Examinatrice M. Philippe MERAL, Directeur de Recherche, IRD Examinateur Mme Malyne NEANG, Maître de Conférence, Royal University of Agriculture Cambodia Examinatrice M. Florent TIVET, Chercheur, CIRAD Examinateur M. Jean-Christophe CASTELLA, Directeur de Recherche, IRD Directeur de thèse 1 Acknowledgements This PhD dissertation is the result of my personal trajectory as a long time observer of the agricultural changes in the uplands of Cambodia and neighboring countries in Southeast Asia. A number of persons has guided me all along that discovery process. During my master thesis research in Pailin Province, Cambodia in 2007, I witnessed the agricultural colonization of forestlands by successive waves of poor migrants who risked their life to clear land from the forest despite the landmines and the malaria. Like the local farmers, I was happy to see their fertile soils and high yields. At that time, they produced up to 10t/ha maize grain without fertilizers in newly reclaimed land.
    [Show full text]
  • Trip Planner 6D5N Siem Reap – Battambang
    PMT Address: 51, 7 Makara Road, Wat B SRG HOLIDAYS CAMBODIA Hotline : (855) 10 435331 l (855) 11 435331 l (855) 12 435331 Email : [email protected] | [email protected] Address : 20 Anson Place, Sala Konseng, Sangkat Svay Dangkum, Siem Reap, 17000 Cambodia. EXCLUSIVE TOUR – SRG HOLIDAYS CAMBODIA TOUR NAME : 6D5N SIEM REAP-ANGKOR TOUR CODE : SGREP1707P6 TRAVEL FROM : SEP 2017 to 31 March 2018 PROPOSED TOUR : Day Date Itinerary Meal Day 1 Arrival Siem Reap – Tonle Sap D Day 2 Angkor Archaelogical Park – Royal Enclosure B,L Day 3 Kulen Mountain National Park B,L Day 4 Siem Reap - Battambang B,,D Day 5 Battambang - Siem Reap B Day 6 Departure Siem Reap B Number of Guests / Price per person (in USD) 2 3 - 6 7 - 10 11 - 15 15 - 18 19+ SGL - Sup (1 FOC) 689 579 429 399 369 339 70 Category Accommodation Siem Reap Evergreen Hotel www.siemreapevergreenhotel.com Dinata Angkor Boutique Hotel www.dinataangkor.com Siem Reap Ladear Angkor Boutique Hotel www.ladearangkorhotel.com Udaya Boutique Villa www.udayaresidence.com or similar Bambu Battambang Hotel www.bambuhotel.com Hotel La Villa Battambang www.lavilla-battambang.net Battambang or similar Including : Excluding : 5 nights accommodation (with daily breakfast) Air ticket, visa fee and travel insurance Private transport for tour/airport transfers Additional meals not mentioned in the program Certified Tour Guide Additional beverages which is not included Entrance fee for Angkor Archeological Park Hotel early check in/late check out Entrance fee / boat rides for Tonle Sap Personal expenses Admission Fee for Kulen Mountain National Park Tips & gratuities Meals as mentioned ( 5B / 2L / 2D) Other services not listed in inclusive column Special visit & interaction as per arrangement in Battambang SRG Holidays Cambodia Page 1 PMT Address: 51, 7 Makara Road, Wat B SRG HOLIDAYS CAMBODIA Hotline : (855) 10 435331 l (855) 11 435331 l (855) 12 435331 Email : [email protected] | [email protected] Address : 20 Anson Place, Sala Konseng, Sangkat Svay Dangkum, Siem Reap, 17000 Cambodia.
    [Show full text]
  • Symbolism of the Cross in Sacred Architecture
    An Hermeneutic Exploration of René Guénon's 'The Symbolism of the Cross' Applied to Sacred Architecture. Ray Stevens A thesis in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Architecture August 2017 An Hermeneutic Exploration of René Guénon's Symbolism of the Cross Applied to Sacred Architecture. Ray Stevens A thesis in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Architecture Faculty of Built Environment The University of New South Wales February 2018 Ray Stevens B Arch (Hons.) AIA "1 The 'Symbolism of the Cross' in Sacred Architecture THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES Thesis/Dissertation Sheet Surname: Stevens First name: Raymond Other name/s: Stanley Abbreviation for degree: M. Arch School: School of the Built Environment Faculty: Australian School of Architecture & Design Title: An Hermeneutic Exploration of René Guénon's Symbolism of the Cross Applied to Sacred Architecture. Abstract This thesis examines how the architecture of the various sacred traditions, all manifest in their built expressions a universal symbolic content, while at the same time being absolutely unique in their own inherent particular spiritual dispensation. One major aspect of this symbolic content is the embedding of the three-dimensional cross in its various modes within their built arrangements. The correlation between the three dimensions of space and the metaphysical symbolism of the cross was the subject of a short but important work by the French traditional metaphysician René Guénon titled Symbolism of the Cross (Le Symbolisme de Ia Croix). In describing the purpose of the work Guénon wrote that it was 'to explain a symbol that is common to almost all traditions, a fact that would seem to indicate its direct attachment to the great primordial tradition'.
    [Show full text]
  • Department of Potable Water Supply, Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy Kingdom of Cambodia
    DEPARTMENT OF POTABLE WATER SUPPLY, MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY, MINES AND ENERGY KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA PREPARATORY SURVEY ON THE PROJECT ON ADDITIONAL NEW WATER TREATMENT PLANTS FOR KAMPONG CHAM AND BATTAMBANG WATERWORKS IN THE KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA FINAL REPORT MARCH 2013 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) NIHON SUIDO CONSULTANTS CO., LTD. WATER AND SEWER BUREAU, CITY OF KITAKYUSHU CTI ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL CO., LTD. Summary 1. Overview of the Kingdom of Cambodia (1) Natural Condition The total landmass of the Kingdom of Cambodia (hereinafter referred to as Cambodia) is approximately 181,000 km2 (a little less than the half of Japan’s total area). The Mekong River traverses the country from north to south, crossing the boundary with Lao PDR in the north. The Tonle Sap Lake and the river systems are the dominant features forming the Central Plains which cover three quarters of the country’s area. The Tonle Sap River runs off the Tonle Sap Lake and joins together with the Mekong River at the capital city of Phnom Penh. To the north and northeast, near the boundaries with Viet Nam and Lao PDR, are mountain ranges with dense virgin forests and diverse wildlife. According to the 2008 census, Cambodia has an estimated population of 1,340,000 people. Cambodia, lying entirely within the tropics, has a hot and humid climate, which is divided into wet (June to October) and dry (November to May) seasons. Severe heat occurs especially in the second half of the dry season (February to May) and the day time temperature can rise up to 30 to 40 ℃.
    [Show full text]
  • Cambodia Itinerary
    Cambodia — The Ancient Khmer Paradise Itinerary Days 1 & 2 Let the Journey begin! Depart New York and arrive in Siem Reap. Day 3 Arrive in Siem Reap and transfer to hotel. Siem Riep is the capital city of PO Box 448 Siem Reap Province and is located in Northwestern Cambodia. It is a Richmond, VT 05477 vibrant town surrounded by silk farms, fishing villages, rice-paddy fields, a 802. 434.5416 lively market and many Buddhist Pagodas. It is the Gateway to the World [email protected] Heritage site of Angkor Wat the ancient capital of the great Khmer Empire. Angkor without doubt, is one of the most magnificent wonders of the world. It is an archeologists treasure-throve. Located in a dense jungle, there are hundreds of awe-inspiring and enchanting temples in the area and they will be your classrooms each day. After lunch you will visit Wat Bo Pagoda, one of the oldest pagodas in town. Built in the 18th century and located in the heart of town, it contains a fabulous collection of Buddhist sculpture and wall-paintings. Here you will have an introduction to Theravada Buddhism, the Buddhism of Cambodia. Overnight – Siem Reap Day 4 After breakfast you will explore your first ancient temple, the early 10th century Prasat Kravan. Here you will learn how for nearly six centuries, between AD 802 and 1432, the great Khmer Empire was once the most powerful empire in Southeast Asia that extended from the South China Sea to the Bay of Bengal. Ancient Cambodia was highly influenced by India and many of the Khmer Kings built temples dedicated to the Hindu gods such as Shiva and Vishnu.
    [Show full text]
  • Land Use and Land Cover Changes and Its Impact on Soil Erosion in Stung Sangkae Catchment of Cambodia
    sustainability Article Land Use and Land Cover Changes and Its Impact on Soil Erosion in Stung Sangkae Catchment of Cambodia Nareth Nut 1,* , Machito Mihara 2, Jaehak Jeong 3, Bunthan Ngo 1, Gilbert Sigua 4 , P.V. Vara Prasad 5 and Manny R. Reyes 5 1 Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Royal University of Agriculture, Phnom Penh 12400, Cambodia; [email protected] 2 Faculty of Regional Environment Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan; [email protected] 3 Blackland Research & Extension Center, 720 E. Blackland Rd., Temple, TX 76520, USA; [email protected] 4 Agriculture Research Service, Coastal Plains Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, 2611 West Lucas Street, Florence, SC 29501, USA; [email protected] 5 Sustainable Intensification Innovation Lab (SIIL), Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; [email protected] (P.V.V.P.); [email protected] (M.R.R.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +855-89-222-402 or +855-98-404-130 Abstract: Agricultural expansion and urban development without proper soil erosion control mea- sures have become major environmental problems in Cambodia. Due to a high population growth rate and increased economic activities, land use and land cover (LULC) changes will cause envi- ronmental disturbances, particularly soil erosion. This research aimed to estimate total amounts Citation: Nut, N.; Mihara, M.; of soil loss using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model within a Geographic Jeong, J.; Ngo, B.; Sigua, G.; Information System (GIS) environment. LULC maps of Japan International Cooperation Agency Prasad, P.V.; Reyes, M.R.
    [Show full text]
  • Thai-Cambodian Culture Relationship ------10
    ThaiThai -- CambodianCambodian CultureCulture RelationshipRelationship thrthroughough ArtsArts Mrs Charuwan Phungtian HAN DD ET U 'S B B O RY eOK LIBRA E-mail: [email protected] Web site: www.buddhanet.net Buddha Dharma Education Association Inc. 2 3 4 Preface I got the inspiration to take up this thesis “Thai- Cambodian Culture relationship through arts” at the time I used to work in the camp with the S.E.A. refugees to resettle their lives in America. I worked with the “Consortium” organization under the administrative of UNHCR. The camp was at Phanat Nikhom, Chonburi, Thailand. I had good social relationship with all of my refugee students in the camp with all clans, tribes and countries. Especially for the Khmers, I learnt Khmer language and Khmer dance. I was fascinated with their arts so much. Apart from this, I took my Ph.D. topic from one part of my previous M.A. thesis “Some aspect of Buddhist arts in Thailand”. Its chapter “Lopburi art” helped me very much to make further studies on details of my present work on this Ph.D. thesis. I am proud of my work and give very much gratitude and my thanks to many persons. I must express my thanks and my gratitude to my re- spected supervisor Professor Dr. Sahai Sachchidanand, Head of the Department of Ancient Indian and Asian Studies, Magadh University, Bodh-Gaya, Bihar (India) who very kindly allowed me to take up this thesis. Besides, he with full attention pours out his scholarship and his knowledge and gave me the benefit of many sug- gestions for my Ph.D.
    [Show full text]
  • An Ethnographic Exploration of Mass Graves in Cambodia
    Kent Academic Repository Full text document (pdf) Citation for published version Bennett, Caroline (2015) To Live Amongst the Dead: an Ethnographic Exploration of Mass Graves in Cambodia. Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) thesis, University of Kent,. DOI Link to record in KAR https://kar.kent.ac.uk/53561/ Document Version UNSPECIFIED Copyright & reuse Content in the Kent Academic Repository is made available for research purposes. Unless otherwise stated all content is protected by copyright and in the absence of an open licence (eg Creative Commons), permissions for further reuse of content should be sought from the publisher, author or other copyright holder. Versions of research The version in the Kent Academic Repository may differ from the final published version. Users are advised to check http://kar.kent.ac.uk for the status of the paper. Users should always cite the published version of record. Enquiries For any further enquiries regarding the licence status of this document, please contact: [email protected] If you believe this document infringes copyright then please contact the KAR admin team with the take-down information provided at http://kar.kent.ac.uk/contact.html To live amongst the dead: an ethnographic exploration of mass graves in Cambodia Caroline Bennett PhD in Social Anthropology September 2015 94,989 words School of Anthropology and Conservation University of Kent Canterbury Kent, UK 1 Abstract This thesis uses mass graves as a lens through which to examine how people in contemporary Cambodia use the Khmer Rouge period (1975 – 1979) to reconstitute and re-imagine the world they live in.
    [Show full text]
  • 44321-013: Climate Resilient Rice Commercialization Sector
    Initial Environmental Examination Project Number: 44321-013 July 2020 Cambodia: Climate Resilient Rice Commercialization Sector Development Program (National Road No. 5, Pou Pir village, Kear commune, Moung Ruessei district, Battambang province) Prepared by Ministry of Economy and Finance for the Royal Government of Cambodia and the Asian Development Bank. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (July 2020) Currency Unit – riel (KR) KR1.00 = $0.00025 $1.00 = KR4, 000 ABBREVIATIONS ADB Asian Development Bank CLAC Commune Land Acquisition Committee DD & CS Detailed Design and Construction Supervision EHS Environmental, Health and Safety EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan EQS Environmental Quality Standard IEE Initial Environmental Examination IEIA Initial Environmental Impact Assessment IRC Inter-ministerial Resettlement Committee MAFF Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries MEF Ministry of Economy and Finance MOE Ministry of Environment MOWRAM Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology PDA Provincial Department
    [Show full text]
  • Report on Identification of Case Study Site: Battambang Municipality, Battambang Province, Cambodia
    Urban Climate Resilience in Southeast Asia Partnership (URCSEA) Report on Identification of Case Study Site: Battambang Municipality, Battambang Province, Cambodia Ngin Chanrith, Heng Naret, Thuon Try, Faculty of Development Studies, Royal University of Phnom Penh Kim Nong, Ministry of Environment Phnom Penh, June 2015 1 Table of Contents 1. Clarity of climate issues ....................................................................................................... 2 Location .................................................................................................................................................... 4 Resource stresses exacerbated by climate change .................................................................................. 5 Resource stresses and trends ................................................................................................................... 7 Natural disasters ...................................................................................................................................... 8 Flood in 2013 ............................................................................................................................................ 9 Significant impacts of 2013 flood ........................................................................................................... 10 Climate data availability ......................................................................................................................... 11 2. Rapid urbanization ...........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]