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Index to Volume 111 The Auk 111(4):1037-1049, 1994 COMPILED BY GENEVIEVE M. TVRDIK Abundance,gull, 427-440 Aquila,787-805 Abundancepatterns, bird, in mangrovecommunities, At, Amos, see Sidis, Yisrael, et al. 405-415 Aramidescajanea, 200-204 Accipitercooperii, 787-805; gentilis,274-284, 748-750, Aramusguarauna, 351-365 787-805; nisus,274-284; striatus,787-805; virgatus, Ardea, 787-805 787-805 A renariainterpres 366-376, 605-616 Actitis hypoleucos,190-191; macularia,190-191 Arnold, Todd W., Effectsof supplementalfood on egg Aegolius,787-805 productionin AmericanCoots, 337-350 Aegypius,787-805 Arrival, spring, Red-wingedBlackbird, 210-214 Age, role in competition, Hooded Warbler, 63-69 Ashes,eaten by hummingbirds, 755-756 Age of first breeding, Common Murre, 207-209 Asio otus,787-805; stygius,787-805 Age ratio, raptor, 274-284 Aspectratio, thrush, 683-692 Ageing, Ampelion,5-6; Doliornis,5-6 Asynchrony,hatching, 806-813; Common Tern, 263- Agelaiusphoeniceus, 210-214 273; House Wren, 516-524 Aggression, female-female, Red-winged Blackbird, Augastes,703-710 210-214; interspecific,Mute Swan, 744-748;Tun- Aulacorhynchusderbianus, 389-397 dra Swan and Snow Goose, 204-207; Yellow War- Austin, Jeremy J., Robert W. G. White, and Jennifer bier, 672-682 R. Ovenden, Population-geneticstructure of a Aglaiocercus,703-710 philopatric,colonially nestingseabird, the Short- Ahlquist, J.E., commentaryon phylogeny, seeHarsh- tailed Shearwater(Puffinus tenuirostris), 70-79 man, John Aviceda, 787-805 Ainley, David G., review by, 249-250 Avocettula, 703-710 Alectoris chukar, 416-426 Algorithms, phylogenetic,377-388 Alkon, Philip U., see Randi, Ettore, and -- Bacorn, John E., see Boal, Clint W., and -- Allard, Marc W., see Miyamoto, Michael M., et al. Bagnolini, Constant,see Sarrazin, Frangois,et al. Allometry, Laridae, 873-880 Baker, Myron Charles,Loss of function in territorial Allozymes,grouse, 661-671; Imperial Shag,143-161; song: Comparisonof island and mainland pop- Leptopogon(Tyrannidae), 507-515; penguin, 1018- ulations of the Singing Honeyeater (Meliphaga 1022 virescens),178-184 Ampelion,1-7 Balda, Russell P., see Ganey, JosephL., and -- Anas platyrhynchos,744-748, 970-978; rubripes,744- Balearicapavonina, 351-365; regulorum,351-365 748; superciliosa,970-978 Bancroft, G. Thomas, and Reed Bowman, Temporal Anderson, Stanley,H., see Gutzwiller, Kevin J.,et al. patterns in diet of nestling White-crowned Pi- Andersson, Malte, see Andersson, Staffan, and -- geons:Implications for conservationof frugivo- Andersson, Staffan, and Malte Andersson, Tail orna- rous birds, 844-852 mentation, size dimorphism and wing length in Bandcolor, effect on reproductiveeffort, Zebra Finch, the genus Euplectes(Ploceinae), 80-86 131-142 Androdon,703-710; aequatorialis,8-19 Baptista,Luis F., see Gaunt, Sandra L. L., et al. Anser anser, 759-764 Barbets, mitochondrial DNA, 389-397; phylogeny, Antbirds, 1006-1013 389-397 Anthracothorax,703-710; nigricollis,706; viridis,706 Barg, Jennifer J., and Ronald L. Mumme, Parental Anthropoidesparadisea, 351-365; virgo,351-365 recognitionof juvenile begging callsin the Flor- Antipredator behavior, Spotted and Common sand- ida ScrubJay, 459-464 pipers, 190-191 Bates, John M., and Robert M. Zink, Evolution into Antwren, Foothill, 469-475; Plain-winged, 469-475; the Andes: Molecular evidence for speciesrela- Rio Suno, 469-475; Slaty, 469-475 tionships in the genus Leptopogon,507-515 AOU check-listof birds, commentsby Allan R. Phil- Bates,John M., review by, 781 lips, 770-773 Beaches, intertidal, 605-616 Apanius, Victor, see Malcarney, Hylary L., et al. Beehler, BruceM., review by, 243-245 Aphelocomacoerulescens coerulescens, 459-464 Behavior, antwren, 469-475; foraging, Elepaio, 917- A ptenodytespatagonicus, 1018-1022 932; nocturnal, Trumpeter Swan, 1013-1018; pa- 1037 1038 Indexto Volume111 [Auk,Vol. 111 rental, Ring-billed Gull, 596-604, Snow Goose, Brennan, Leonard A., review by, 1030-1031 563-572; preroosting,Greylag Goose,759-764 Brewster Memorial Award, 1993: Richard T. Holmes, Bill shape,hummingbird, 703-710 237-238 Biodiversity,225-227 Brood parasite,Brown-headed Cowbird, 979-990 Biosystematics,773-780 Brood reduction, 115-123; Eastern Phoebe, 617-633 Birkhead, T. R., and F. Fletcher, Numbers of sper- Brood-reductionhypothesis, Common Tern, 263-273 matozoaattached to and penetrating perivitel- Brood size, Common Tern, 263-273; Snow Goose, 563- line layersof JapaneseQuail eggs,997-1000 572 Bishop, Black, 80-86; Black-winged, 80-86; Orange, Brooke,Richard K., and Timothy M. Crowe, review 80-86; Yellow-crowned, 80-86; Zanzibar, 80-86 by, 783-784 Bj•rklund, Mats, Phylogenetic relationshipsamong Brooks, Maurice, 1900-1993, in memoriam, 185-187 Charadriiformes:Reanalysis of previousdata, 825- Brush,Alan H., review by, 241-242 832 Bubovirginianus, 787-805 Blackbird,Red-winged, 210-214 Bubulcus, 787-805 Bleiweiss, Robert, John A. W. Kirsch, and Juan Carlos Bugeranuscarunculatus, 351-365 Matheus,DNA-DNA hybridizationevidence for Bunting, Tristan, 314-327; Wilkins', 314-327 subfamilystructure among hummingbirds, 8-19 Burger,Joanna, see Spendelow,Jeffrey A., et al.; see Blem, Charles R., and Leann B. Blem, Composition also Staine, Kevin J., and -- and microclimateof ProthonotaryWarbler nests, Burgess,Robert M., and Alice A. Stickney,Interspe- 197-200 cific aggressionby Tundra Swans toward Snow Blem, Leann B., see Blem, Charles R., and -- Geeseon the SagavanirktokRiver delta, Alaska, Bluebird, Eastern, 739-744; Mountain, 33-34 204-207 Bluethroat, 556-562 Busarellus, 787-805 Boag,Peter T., see Meek, SusanB., et al. Butastur, 787-805 Boal, Clint W., and John E. Bacorn, Siblicide and can- Buteo albicaudatus,787-805; buteo, 274-284, 787-805; nibalism at Northern Goshawk nests, 748-750 jamaicensis,787-805; lagopus,274-284; magnirostra, Body condition, vultures, 933-944 787-805 Body-masschange, Garden Warbler, 888-899; Grey- Buteogallus,787-805 breastedSilvereye, 721-723 Butorides,787-805 Body size, related to mate choice, Burrowing Owl, Buzzard, Common, 274-284 724-727; variation, Evening Grosbeak,693-702; variation with latitude, feral pigeon, 398-404 Cahalane, Victor Harrison, 1901-1993, in memoriam, Body-sizehypothesis, 693-702 188 Boersma, P. Dee, see Gandini, Patricia, et al.; see also Calidrisalba, 605-616; canutus,605-616; pusilla,605- Yorio, Pablo, and -- 616 Boles, Walter E., see Leeton, Peter R. J., et al. Calliphloxevelynae, 706 Bollinger, PatriciaBlair, Relative effectsof hatching Calyptorhynchus,833-843 order,egg-size variation, and parentalquality on Campylorhamphusprocurvoides, 104-114; pusillus,104- chick survival in Common Terns, 263-273 114; trochilirostris, 104-114 Botton,Mark L., Robert E. Loveland, and Timothy R. Cane, W. Parker, Ontogeneticevidence for relation- Jacobsen,Site selectionby migratoryshorebirds ships within the Laridae, 873-880 in Delaware Bay, and its relationship to beach Cannibalism, Northern Goshawk, 748-750 characteristics and abundance of horseshoe crab Capitodayi, 389-397; niger,389-397 (Limuluspolyphemus) eggs, 605-616 Capitonidae,phylogeny, 389-397 Bourli•re, Francois, 1913-1993, in memoriam, 993- Captivity,effect on plumagecolor, House Finch, 218- 995 221,221-225 Bowman, Reed, see Bancroft, G. Thomas, and -- Carduelispinus, 33-34 Branta canadensis,744-748 Carotenoids, House Finch, 218-221,221-225 Braun, Clait E., review by, 1029-1030 Carpodacuscassinii, 33-34; mexicanus,218-221,221-225 Braun,Michael J., see Rhymer,Judith M., et al. Casmerodiusalbus, 328-336 Breeding, cooperative,Hoatzin, 643-651 Catbird, Gray, 170-177 Breedingbird survey,50-62; chickadees,191-197 Cathartes,787-805; aura meridionalis, 933-944; aura ruf- Breedingdynamics, in mangrovecommunities, 405- icollis, 933-944 415 Catharusfuscescens, 683-692; guttatus, 33-34; minimus, Breedingsuccess, 806-813; Burrowing Owl, 724-727; 683-692; ustulatus, 683-692 Pied Flycatcher,714-716; Red Junglefowl,863- Cavity roosting, Green Woodhoopoe,292-299 872; SavannahSparrow, 962-969; Tree Swallow, Cercomacra cinerascens,1007 814-824 Certhia americana, 33-34 Breitwisch,Randall, review by, 246-247, 1030 Chaeturapelagica, 8-19 October1994] Indexto Volume111 1039 Chalybura,703-710 Conover, Michael R., and Gary S. Kania, Impact of Chamaeza nobilis, 1007 interspecific aggressionand herbivory by Mute Chan, Ken, Winter body mass and overnight ener- Swans on native waterfowl and aquatic vegeta- getics of a South Temperate passerine,721-723 tion in New England, 744-748 Charadriiformes,phylogeny of, 825-832 Conspecific recognition, American Robin, 634-642; Charadrius melodus,579-587; montanus, 504-506 Blue Jay, 634-642 Chasiempissandwichensis, 917-932 Convective-soaringhypothesis, 427-440 Chen caerulescens,204-207; caerulescenscaerulescens, 563- Conway, Albert E., In memoriam:Crawford H. Gree- 572 newalt, 1902-1993, 188-189 Cherel, Yves, and Frederic Freby, Daily body-mass Cooke, Fred, see Williams, Tony D., et al. lossand nitrogen excretion during molting fast Cooper, JamesA., see Henson, Paul, and -- of Macaroni Penguins,492-495 Cooper, Robert J., see Dunk, Jeffrey R., and -- Chickadee,Black-capped, 191-197; Carolina, 191-197; Coot, American, 337-350 Mountain, 33-34; seealso BreedingBird Survey Coragyps,787-805; atratusbrasiliensis, 933-944 Chlorostilbon,703-710; maugaeus,706; mellisugus,706; Cormons,Grace D., see Spendelow,Jeffrey A., et al. ricordii, 706 Corvus corax, 764-769 Christidis, Leslie, see Leeton, Peter R. J., et al. Cotinga, Bay-vented,1-7; Chestnut-bellied,1-7 plus Chrysolampis,703-710 frontispiece Chrysuronia,703-710 Cotingidae, 1-7 Chukar,
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  • Bird) Species List

    Bird) Species List

    Aves (Bird) Species List Higher Classification1 Kingdom: Animalia, Phyllum: Chordata, Class: Reptilia, Diapsida, Archosauria, Aves Order (O:) and Family (F:) English Name2 Scientific Name3 O: Tinamiformes (Tinamous) F: Tinamidae (Tinamous) Great Tinamou Tinamus major Highland Tinamou Nothocercus bonapartei O: Galliformes (Turkeys, Pheasants & Quail) F: Cracidae Black Guan Chamaepetes unicolor (Chachalacas, Guans & Curassows) Gray-headed Chachalaca Ortalis cinereiceps F: Odontophoridae (New World Quail) Black-breasted Wood-quail Odontophorus leucolaemus Buffy-crowned Wood-Partridge Dendrortyx leucophrys Marbled Wood-Quail Odontophorus gujanensis Spotted Wood-Quail Odontophorus guttatus O: Suliformes (Cormorants) F: Fregatidae (Frigatebirds) Magnificent Frigatebird Fregata magnificens O: Pelecaniformes (Pelicans, Tropicbirds & Allies) F: Ardeidae (Herons, Egrets & Bitterns) Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis O: Charadriiformes (Sandpipers & Allies) F: Scolopacidae (Sandpipers) Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularius O: Gruiformes (Cranes & Allies) F: Rallidae (Rails) Gray-Cowled Wood-Rail Aramides cajaneus O: Accipitriformes (Diurnal Birds of Prey) F: Cathartidae (Vultures & Condors) Black Vulture Coragyps atratus Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura F: Pandionidae (Osprey) Osprey Pandion haliaetus F: Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles & Kites) Barred Hawk Morphnarchus princeps Broad-winged Hawk Buteo platypterus Double-toothed Kite Harpagus bidentatus Gray-headed Kite Leptodon cayanensis Northern Harrier Circus cyaneus Ornate Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus ornatus Red-tailed
  • Placement Student's Final Report*

    Placement Student's Final Report*

    Placement Student’s Final Report* LAURA CANNON *Abridged from original. Contains only Scientific Report portion. SCIENTIFIC REPORT THE EFFECT OF AN ARTIFICAL FEEDER ON HUMMINGBIRD BEHAVIOUR ABSTRACT Like their fellow nectavores, Hummingbirds try to maximize the ratio of energy obtained to energy expended; they try to consume as much nectar with as little movement as they can (Feinsinger, 1978; Hainsworth & Wolf, 1972). The way in which they optimize their consumption is through their ecologically defined roles, they behave in such a way to increase their chances of obtaining food; they often match the length of their bill to the length of the flower. Montgomerie & Gass (1981) noted that Hummingbirds abundance appears to be limited by the availability of nectar. In this study the presence of the artificial feeder provides a constant supply of food while it is up, which could cause a change in the Hummingbirds behaviour for example are maurders (bare in and feed) seen to convert to trapliners (visit multiple flowers), or territorialists (defenders) to become filchers (thieves)? Artificial feeders can affect hummingbirds foraging behaviour and abundance, but despite its potential importance, few previous studies have focused on the consequences of nectar feeders giving contradictory results (Feinsinger, 1978; Sonne et al., 2015). In a study by Arizmendi et al., (2007) the presence of a nectar feeder reduced hummingbird visitation to nearby plants in their study in Mexico. However in Brockmeyer and Schaefer’s study (2012) the number of visits to the flowers around the feeder increased when the feeder was present. This studies main focus is to determine how the presence of an artificial feeder affects the hummingbird’s behaviour specifically feeding, perching and aggression.
  • Paul Mcbride a Thesis Submitted to Auckland University of Technology

    Paul Mcbride a Thesis Submitted to Auckland University of Technology

    Paul McBride A thesis submitted to Auckland University of Technology in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) 2015 Institute for Applied Ecology New Zealand School of Applied Sciences Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences i The density of species varies widely across the earth. Most broad taxonomic groups have similar spatial diversity patterns, with greatest densities of species in wet, tropical environments. Although evidently correlated with climate, determining the causes of such diversity differences is complicated by myriad factors: many possible mechanisms exist to link climate and diversity, these mechanisms are not mutually exclusive, and they may overlap in the patterns they generate. Further, the importance of different mechanisms may vary between spatial scales. Generating uneven spatial diversity patterns in regions that are below equilibrium species richness requires either geometric or historical area effects, or regional differences in net diversification. Here, I investigate the global climate correlates of diversity in plants and vertebrates, and hypotheses that could link these correlates to net diversification processes, in particular through climate-linked patterns of molecular evolution. I first show strong climate–diversity relationships only emerge at large scales, and that the specific correlates of diversity differ between plants and animals. For plants, the strongest large-scale predictor of species richness is net primary productivity, which reflects the water–energy balance at large scales. For animals, temperature seasonality is the strongest large-scale predictor of diversity. Then, using two clades of New World passerine birds that together comprise 20% of global avian diversity, I investigate whether rates and patterns of molecular evolution can be linked to diversification processes that could cause spatial diversity patterns in birds.