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The Basilinna Genus (Aves: Trochilidae): an Evaluation Based on Molecular Evidence and Implications for the Genus Hylocharis
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 85: 797-807, 2014 DOI: 10.7550/rmb.35769 The Basilinna genus (Aves: Trochilidae): an evaluation based on molecular evidence and implications for the genus Hylocharis El género Basilinna (Aves: Trochilidae): una evaluación basada en evidencia molecular e implicaciones para el género Hylocharis Blanca Estela Hernández-Baños1 , Luz Estela Zamudio-Beltrán1, Luis Enrique Eguiarte-Fruns2, John Klicka3 and Jaime García-Moreno4 1Museo de Zoología, Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Apartado postal 70- 399, 04510 México, D. F., Mexico. 2Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Apartado postal 70-275, 04510 México, D. F., Mexico. 3Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington, Box 353010, Seattle, WA, USA. 4Amphibian Survival Alliance, PO Box 20164, 1000 HD Amsterdam, The Netherlands. [email protected] Abstract. Hummingbirds are one of the most diverse families of birds and the phylogenetic relationships within the group have recently begun to be studied with molecular data. Most of these studies have focused on the higher level classification within the family, and now it is necessary to study the relationships between and within genera using a similar approach. Here, we investigated the taxonomic status of the genus Hylocharis, a member of the Emeralds complex, whose relationships with other genera are unclear; we also investigated the existence of the Basilinna genus. We obtained sequences of mitochondrial (ND2: 537 bp) and nuclear genes (AK-5 intron: 535 bp, and c-mos: 572 bp) for 6 of the 8 currently recognized species and outgroups. -
Checklist of Fish and Invertebrates Listed in the CITES Appendices
JOINTS NATURE \=^ CONSERVATION COMMITTEE Checklist of fish and mvertebrates Usted in the CITES appendices JNCC REPORT (SSN0963-«OStl JOINT NATURE CONSERVATION COMMITTEE Report distribution Report Number: No. 238 Contract Number/JNCC project number: F7 1-12-332 Date received: 9 June 1995 Report tide: Checklist of fish and invertebrates listed in the CITES appendices Contract tide: Revised Checklists of CITES species database Contractor: World Conservation Monitoring Centre 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 ODL Comments: A further fish and invertebrate edition in the Checklist series begun by NCC in 1979, revised and brought up to date with current CITES listings Restrictions: Distribution: JNCC report collection 2 copies Nature Conservancy Council for England, HQ, Library 1 copy Scottish Natural Heritage, HQ, Library 1 copy Countryside Council for Wales, HQ, Library 1 copy A T Smail, Copyright Libraries Agent, 100 Euston Road, London, NWl 2HQ 5 copies British Library, Legal Deposit Office, Boston Spa, Wetherby, West Yorkshire, LS23 7BQ 1 copy Chadwick-Healey Ltd, Cambridge Place, Cambridge, CB2 INR 1 copy BIOSIS UK, Garforth House, 54 Michlegate, York, YOl ILF 1 copy CITES Management and Scientific Authorities of EC Member States total 30 copies CITES Authorities, UK Dependencies total 13 copies CITES Secretariat 5 copies CITES Animals Committee chairman 1 copy European Commission DG Xl/D/2 1 copy World Conservation Monitoring Centre 20 copies TRAFFIC International 5 copies Animal Quarantine Station, Heathrow 1 copy Department of the Environment (GWD) 5 copies Foreign & Commonwealth Office (ESED) 1 copy HM Customs & Excise 3 copies M Bradley Taylor (ACPO) 1 copy ^\(\\ Joint Nature Conservation Committee Report No. -
Taxonomic Checklist of CITES Listed Coral Species Part II
CoP16 Doc. 43.1 (Rev. 1) Annex 5.2 (English only / Únicamente en inglés / Seulement en anglais) Taxonomic Checklist of CITES listed Coral Species Part II CORAL SPECIES AND SYNONYMS CURRENTLY RECOGNIZED IN THE UNEP‐WCMC DATABASE 1. Scleractinia families Family Name Accepted Name Species Author Nomenclature Reference Synonyms ACROPORIDAE Acropora abrolhosensis Veron, 1985 Veron (2000) Madrepora crassa Milne Edwards & Haime, 1860; ACROPORIDAE Acropora abrotanoides (Lamarck, 1816) Veron (2000) Madrepora abrotanoides Lamarck, 1816; Acropora mangarevensis Vaughan, 1906 ACROPORIDAE Acropora aculeus (Dana, 1846) Veron (2000) Madrepora aculeus Dana, 1846 Madrepora acuminata Verrill, 1864; Madrepora diffusa ACROPORIDAE Acropora acuminata (Verrill, 1864) Veron (2000) Verrill, 1864; Acropora diffusa (Verrill, 1864); Madrepora nigra Brook, 1892 ACROPORIDAE Acropora akajimensis Veron, 1990 Veron (2000) Madrepora coronata Brook, 1892; Madrepora ACROPORIDAE Acropora anthocercis (Brook, 1893) Veron (2000) anthocercis Brook, 1893 ACROPORIDAE Acropora arabensis Hodgson & Carpenter, 1995 Veron (2000) Madrepora aspera Dana, 1846; Acropora cribripora (Dana, 1846); Madrepora cribripora Dana, 1846; Acropora manni (Quelch, 1886); Madrepora manni ACROPORIDAE Acropora aspera (Dana, 1846) Veron (2000) Quelch, 1886; Acropora hebes (Dana, 1846); Madrepora hebes Dana, 1846; Acropora yaeyamaensis Eguchi & Shirai, 1977 ACROPORIDAE Acropora austera (Dana, 1846) Veron (2000) Madrepora austera Dana, 1846 ACROPORIDAE Acropora awi Wallace & Wolstenholme, 1998 Veron (2000) ACROPORIDAE Acropora azurea Veron & Wallace, 1984 Veron (2000) ACROPORIDAE Acropora batunai Wallace, 1997 Veron (2000) ACROPORIDAE Acropora bifurcata Nemenzo, 1971 Veron (2000) ACROPORIDAE Acropora branchi Riegl, 1995 Veron (2000) Madrepora brueggemanni Brook, 1891; Isopora ACROPORIDAE Acropora brueggemanni (Brook, 1891) Veron (2000) brueggemanni (Brook, 1891) ACROPORIDAE Acropora bushyensis Veron & Wallace, 1984 Veron (2000) Acropora fasciculare Latypov, 1992 ACROPORIDAE Acropora cardenae Wells, 1985 Veron (2000) CoP16 Doc. -
Downloaded from Birdtree.Org [48] to Take Into Account Phylogenetic Uncertainty in the Comparative Analyses [67]
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/586362; this version posted November 19, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Distribution of iridescent colours in Open Peer-Review hummingbird communities results Open Data from the interplay between Open Code selection for camouflage and communication Cite as: preprint Posted: 15th November 2019 Hugo Gruson1, Marianne Elias2, Juan L. Parra3, Christine Recommender: Sébastien Lavergne Andraud4, Serge Berthier5, Claire Doutrelant1, & Doris Reviewers: Gomez1,5 XXX Correspondence: 1 [email protected] CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France 2 ISYEB, CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, 45 rue Buffon CP50, Paris, France 3 Grupo de Ecología y Evolución de Vertrebados, Instituto de Biología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia 4 CRC, MNHN, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication, CNRS, Paris, France 5 INSP, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Paris, France This article has been peer-reviewed and recommended by Peer Community In Evolutionary Biology Peer Community In Evolutionary Biology 1 of 33 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/586362; this version posted November 19, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Abstract Identification errors between closely related, co-occurring, species may lead to misdirected social interactions such as costly interbreeding or misdirected aggression. This selects for divergence in traits involved in species identification among co-occurring species, resulting from character displacement. -
Newsletter March 2021
Dzanga Sangha Protected Areas © David Santiago Newsletter March 2021 Wildlife During the month of March, the UICN publicly announced two decisions concerning forest elephants. The first one was declaring the forest elephant (Loxodonta Cyclotis) an altogether different species, as until recently it was merely considered a subspecies. The second decision was declaring this species critically endangered. Dzanga Sangha remains for the moment one of the few places in all of Africa where the number of individuals has remained relatively stable in recent years, and it is also the place where they are most easily observed. The links attached below talk more about this subject. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/mar/25/shades-of-grey-how-to-tell-african-elephant-species-apart- aoe https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/mar/25/africas-forest-elephant-has-been-largely-overlooked-now- we-need-to-fight-for-it-aoe https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/both-african-elephant-species-are-now-endangered-one-critically https://citizen.co.za/news/south-africa/environment/2466472/african-elephant-status-change-a-wake-up-call-for- humans/ https://theconversation.com/new-decisions-by-global-conservation-group-bolster-efforts-to-save-africas-elephants- 158157 In the other hand, Terence Fuh, Head of Primate Habituation, Research and Monitoring for the DSPA has been listed among the top 100 Young African Conservation Leaders, out of the 565 nominations received from 425 youth organizations and networks which underwent a rigorous judging and verification process. https://top100youth.africa/ Over the last three years we have had a total of 4 gorillas babies born into the three habituated groups in DSPA. -
Asian Elephant • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• • • • • • • • Elephas Maximus
Asian elephant • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• • • • • • • • Elephas maximus Classification What groups does this organism belong to based on characteristics shared with other organisms? Class: Mammalia (all mammals) Order: Proboscidea (large tusked and trunked mammals) Family: Elephantidae (elephants and related extinct species) Genus: Elephas (Asian elephants and related extinct species) Species: maximus (Asian elephant) Distribution Where in the world does this species live? Most Asian elephants live in India, Sri Lanka, and Thailand with small populations in Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, China, Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo. Habitat What kinds of areas does this species live in? They are considered forest animals, but are found in a variety of habitats including tropical grasslands and forests, preferring areas with open grassy glades within the forest. Most live below 10,000 feet (3,000m) elevation although elephants living near the Himalayas will move higher into the mountains to escape hot weather. Physical Description How would this animal’s body shape and size be described? • Asian elephants are the largest land animal on the Asian continent. • Males’ height at the shoulder ranges from eight to ten feet (2.4-3m); they weigh between 7,000 and 13,250 pounds (3500-6000kg). • Females are between six and eight feet tall (1.95-2.4m) at the shoulder and weigh between 4,400 and 7,000 pounds (2500-3500kg). • Their skin is dark gray with freckled pink patches and sparse hair; the skin ranges from very thin at the ears to one inch thick (2.54cm) on the back. • Their most prominent feature is a long trunk that has a single finger on the upper edge. -
Guide to Some Harvested Aquarium Corals Version 1.3
Guide to some harvested aquarium corals Version 1.3 ( )1 Large septal Guide to some harvested aquarium teeth corals Version 1.3 Septa Authors Morgan Pratchett & Russell Kelley, May 2020 ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies Septa James Cook University Townsville, Queensland 4811 Australia Contents • Overview in life… p3 • Overview of skeletons… p4 • Cynarina lacrymalis p5 • Acanthophyllia deshayesiana p6 • Homophyllia australis p7 • Micromussa pacifica p8 • Unidentified Lobophylliid p9 • Lobophyllia vitiensis p10 • Catalaphyllia jardinei p11 • Trachyphyllia geoffroyi p12 Mouth • Heterocyathus aequicostatus & Heteropsammia cochlea p13 Small • Cycloseris spp. p14 septal • Diaseris spp. p15 teeth • Truncatoflabellum sp. p16 Oral disk Meandering valley Bibliography p17 Acknowledgements FRDC (Project 2014-029) Image support: Russell Kelley, Cairns Marine, Ultra Coral, JEN Veron, Jake Adams, Roberto Arrigioni ( )2 Small septal teeth Guide to some commonly harvested aquarium corals - Version 1.3 Overview in life… SOLID DISKS WITH FLESHY POLYPS AND PROMINENT SEPTAL TEETH Cynarina p5 Acanthophyllia p6 Homophyllia p7 Micromussa p8 Unidentified Lobophylliid p9 5cm disc, 1-2cm deep, large, thick, white 5-10cm disc at top of 10cm curved horn. Tissue 5cm disc, 1-2cm deep. Cycles of septa strongly <5cm disc, 1-2cm deep. Cycles of septa slightly septal teeth usually visible through tissue. In unequal. Large, tall teeth at inner marigns of primary unequal. Teeth of primary septa less large / tall at conceals septa. In Australia usually brown with inner margins. Australia usually translucent green or red. blue / green trim. septa. In Australia traded specimens are typically variegated green / red / orange. 2-3cm disc, 1-2cm deep. Undescribed species traded as Homophyllia australis in West Australia and Northern Territory but now recognised as distinct on genetic and morphological grounds. -
Distinguishing Extant Elephants Ivory from Mammoth Ivory Using a Short
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Distinguishing extant elephants ivory from mammoth ivory using a short sequence of cytochrome b gene Jacob Njaramba Ngatia1, Tian Ming Lan2,3,4, Yue Ma1,5, Thi Dao Dinh1, Zhen Wang1,5, Thomas D. Dahmer6 & Yan Chun Xu1,5,7* Trade in ivory from extant elephant species namely Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), African savanna elephant (Loxodonta africana) and African forest elephant (Loxodonta cyclotis) is regulated internationally, while the trade in ivory from extinct species of Elephantidae, including woolly mammoth, is unregulated. This distinction creates opportunity for laundering and trading elephant ivory as mammoth ivory. The existing morphological and molecular genetics methods do not reliably distinguish the source of ivory items that lack clear identifcation characteristics or for which the quality of extracted DNA cannot support amplifcation of large gene fragments. We present a PCR-sequencing method based on 116 bp target sequence of the cytochrome b gene to specifcally amplify elephantid DNA while simultaneously excluding non-elephantid species and ivory substitutes, and while avoiding contamination by human DNA. The partial Cytochrome b gene sequence enabled accurate association of ivory samples with their species of origin for all three extant elephants and from mammoth. The detection limit of the PCR system was as low as 10 copy numbers of target DNA. The amplifcation and sequencing success reached 96.7% for woolly mammoth ivory and 100% for African savanna elephant and African forest elephant ivory. This is the frst validated method for distinguishing elephant from mammoth ivory and it provides forensic support for investigation of ivory laundering cases. -
Madagascar: the Red Island
Andrea L. Baden & Rachel L. Jacobs Stony Brook University Taxonomic group Total species Endemic species % Endemism Plants 13,000 11,600 89.2 Mammals 155 144 92.9 Birds 310 181 58.4 Reptiles 384 367 95.6 Amphibians 230 229 99.6 Freshwater fish 164 97 59.1 *Recently extinct species: 45 (including birds, reptiles, and mammals) “The ecological state of being unique to a particular geographic location, such as a specific island…[Endemic species are] only found in that part of the world and nowhere else.” Taxonomic group Total species Endemic species % Endemism Plants 13,000 11,600 89.2 Mammals 155 144 92.9 Birds 310 181 58.4 Reptiles 384 367 95.6 Amphibians 230 229 99.6 Freshwater fish 164 97 59.1 *Recently extinct species: 45 (including birds, reptiles, and mammals) North & Central America . Phillippenes . California floristic province . Polynesia-Micronesia . Caribbean Islands . Southwest Australia . Madrean Pine Oak Woodlands . Sundaland . Mesoamerica . Wallaceae South America . Western Ghats & Sri Lanka . Atlantic Forest Europe & Central Asia . Cerrado . Caucasus . Chilean winter-Rainfall-Valdivian . Irano-Antalian forests . Mediterranean Basin . Tumbes-Choco-Magdalena . Mtns of Central Asia . Tropical Andes Africa Asia-Pacific . Cape Floristic region . E. Melanesian Islands . E. African coastal forests . Himalaya . Eastern afromontane . Indo-Burma . W. African Guinean forests . Japan . Horn of Africa . Mtns of SW China . Madagascar . New Caledonia . Maputaland-Pondoland-Albany . New Zealand . Succulent Karoo > 44% of the world’s plant species > 35% of the world’s terrestrial vertebrates Cover ~ 1.4% of the earth’s surface . was once 11%, but 88% of that has since been lost Madagascar contains 1 of 6 major radiations of primates . -
Threatened Birds of the Americas
TANAGER-FINCH Oreothraupis arremonops V/R10 This cloud-forest undergrowth species has a poorly known and patchy distribution in the West Andes of Colombia and in north-western Ecuador, with few recent records. However, large tracts of apparently suitable habitat remain in protected areas, the reason for its apparent rarity being essentially unknown. DISTRIBUTION The Tanager-finch (see Remarks 1) is known from just a few apparently disjunct areas on the West Andes in Antioquia, Valle, Cauca and Nariño departments, Colombia, and also from Imbabura and Pichincha provinces, north-western Ecuador, where localities (coordinates from Paynter and Traylor 1977, 1981) are as follows: Colombia (Antioquia) Hacienda Potreros (c.6°39’N 76°09’W; on the western slope of the West Andes, south-west of Frontino), where a male (in USNM) was taken at 1,980 m in June 1950 (also Carriker 1959); (Valle) in the region of Alto Anchicayá (c.3°37’N 76°53’W), where the species has fairly recently been recorded (Orejuela 1983); (Cauca) in the vicinity of Cerro Munchique (2°32’N 76°57’W), where the bird is regularly found on the western slope (Hilty and Brown 1986), specific localities including: La Costa (untraced, but c.10 km north of Cerro Munchique), where a female (in ANSP) was taken at 1,830 m in March 1938 (also Meyer de Schauensee 1948-1952), Cocal (2°31’N 77°00’W; north-west of Cerro Munchique), where two specimens were collected at 1,830 m (Chapman 1917a), El Tambo (2°25’N 76°49’W; on the east slope of the West Andes), whence come specimens taken at 1,370 -
Cnidae Variability in Balanophyllia Europaea and B
sm69n1075b 6/3/05 14:38 Página 75 SCI. MAR., 69 (1): 75-86 SCIENTIA MARINA 2005 Cnidae variability in Balanophyllia europaea and B. regia (Scleractinia: Dendrophylliidae) in the NE Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea* ALEJANDRO TERRÓN-SIGLER and PABLO J. LÓPEZ-GONZÁLEZ Biodiversidad y Ecología de Invertebrados Marinos, Departamento de Fisiología y Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Reina Mercedes, 6, 41012 Sevilla, Spain. E-mail: [email protected] / [email protected] SUMMARY: Traditionally and for practical reasons, skeleton structure has been the main source of taxonomic characters for scleractinian systematics, whereas information from soft tissues has been comparatively neglected. However, skeleton variability may leave species identification uncertain. The use of characters from soft tissues (e.g. polyp anatomy, cnidae size) is routine in the study of other (“soft”) hexacorallian orders. This contribution aims to determine whether cnidae char- acters are useful in taxonomic studies of scleractinians. The cnidae composition of two congeneric species—Balanophyllia europaea (Risso, 1826) and Balanophyllia regia Gosse, 1860—have been studied throughout a wide geographical area. The data obtained show consistent qualitative and quantitative differences between the two species. This study shows that the cnidae characters can be useful taxonomic criteria for distinguishing congeneric species. Key words: Scleractinia, Balanophyllia, cnidome, taxonomy, geographical variability. RESUMEN: VARIABILIDAD EN LOS CNIDOCISTOS DE BALANOPHYLLIA EUROPAEA Y B. REGIA (SCLERACTINIA: DENDROPHYLLIIDAE) EN EL ATLÁNTICO NORDESTE Y MEDITERRÁNEO. – Tradicionalmente, y por razones prácticas, la estructura del esqueleto ha sido la fuente principal de caracteres en la sistemática de escleractinias, mientras que la obtención de información a partir de los tejidos esta prácticamente desatendida. -
Composition and Ecology of Deep-Water Coral Associations D
HELGOLK---~DER MEERESUNTERSUCHUNGEN Helgoltinder Meeresunters. 36, 183-204 (1983) Composition and ecology of deep-water coral associations D. H. H. Kfihlmann Museum ffir Naturkunde, Humboldt-Universit~t Berlin; Invalidenstr. 43, DDR- 1040 Berlin, German Democratic Republic ABSTRACT: Between 1966 and 1978 SCUBA investigations were carried out in French Polynesia, the Red Sea, and the Caribbean, at depths down to 70 m. Although there are fewer coral species in the Caribbean, the abundance of Scleractinia in deep-water associations below 20 m almost equals that in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The assemblages of corals living there are described and defined as deep-water coral associations. They are characterized by large, flattened growth forms. Only 6 to 7 % of the species occur exclusively below 20 m. More than 90 % of the corals recorded in deep waters also live in shallow regions. Depth-related illumination is not responsible for depth differentiations of coral associations, but very likely, a complex of mechanical factors, such as hydrodynamic conditions, substrate conditions, sedimentation etc. However, light intensity deter- mines the general distribution of hermatypic Scleractinia in their bathymetric range as well as the platelike shape of coral colonies characteristic for deep water associations. Depending on mechani- cal factors, Leptoseris, Montipora, Porites and Pachyseris dominate as characteristic genera in the Central Pacific Ocean, Podabacia, Leptoseris, Pachyseris and Coscinarea in the Red Sea, Agaricia and Leptoseris in the tropical western Atlantic Ocean. INTRODUCTION Considerable attention has been paid to shallow-water coral associations since the first half of this century (Duerden, 1902; Mayer, 1918; Umbgrove, 1939). Detailed investigations at depths down to 20 m became possible only through the use of autono- mous diving apparatus.