Re:Search 2012/13 Annual Report 1

Global Cooperation – Re:search 2012/13 Annual Report 1

Käte Hamburger Kolleg / Centre for Global Cooperation Research KHK / GCR21 Global Cooperation – Imprint Re:search 2012/13 Annual Report 1 Käte Hamburger Kolleg / Centre for Global Cooperation Research reporting period 2/2012 – 3/2013 (KHK / GCR21) Schifferstraße 196 47059 Duisburg, Germany

Phone: +49(0)203-29861-100 Fax: +49(0)203-29861-199 E-Mail: [email protected] Web: www.gcr21.org

Executive Director Dr. Markus Böckenförde, LL.M.

Board of Directors Prof. Dr. Tobias Debiel, Prof. Dr. Claus Leggewie, Prof. Dr. Dirk Messner

Editorial Team Tina Berntsen - Content Editing Ines Wingenbach - Layout / Design Martin Wolf

Translations Margaret Clarke, Mike Kelly, Dr. Mirko Wittwar

Print Oppenberg, Duisburg Table of Contents

2 Imrpint

8 Welcome to the Centre

9 The Perfect Location 1 48 Chances for Global Cooperation in the 21st Century 50 Cooperation for a Green Transformation Greeting »Käte« 4 52 Cases of Successful Cooperation (1) – Artistic Practice and Improvisation

Cherries on the Cake: 54 Beyond 2015: Selected Events Getting Serious about Global Justice 12 Global Cooperation in World Society – Research Pastures New 2 14 Spotlight: Legal Pluralism 16 “having the time and space …” 58 Events Fellows at the Centre (Interview) Global Cooperation Outlook 5 62 Publications 70 Fellows

Documentation 82 Organigram 20 Debated Concepts and Experimental Encounters: 84 Advisory Board First Research Experiences at the Centre for Global Cooperation Research 85 Staff 3 22 The (Im)Possibility of Cooperation Research Unit 1 88 Picture Credits

Factory Report 28 Cultural Conflicts and ransculturalT Cooperation Research Unit 2

34 Global Governance Revisited Research Unit 3

40 Paradoxes and Perspectives of Democratisation Research Unit 4 7

Greeting »Käte« Welcome to the Centre The Perfect Location

The advent of this Centre is of very special significance The choice of location for the Centre – 9 for our University. The University of Duisburg-Essen is Duisburg’s Inner Harbour – also sends the latest to achieve the status of Volluniversität, or a clear signal to the city, symbolically ‘comprehensive university’, and will be celebrating its spanning the divide between city and first decade of activity this year. From the very outset – university communities. The capacity for as is possible in a new foundation – we set about defin- cooperation is, after all, needed at every ing five main research areas. As well as Nanoscience, level: not only global and local and be- Biomedical Sciences, Empirical Research in Education, tween nations, but also between people Prof. Dr. Tobias Debiel Prof. Dr. Dirk Messner Prof. Dr. Claus Leggewie Dr. Markus Böckenförde Urban Systems, these include investigation into the of different nationalities in present-day Transformation of Contemporary Societies. It is within urban spaces. this last core area that the Centre is situated. Twenty high-flying research projects applied to the Ministry ‘Open-Minded’ – so runs the motto of 8 Dear readers, for Education and Research for support to set up what this University. As a research university, is currently the latest of ten Käte Hamburger Collegia we work to understand new horizons; how could insights on cooperativeness in small groups nation-wide. Duisburg won the grant and we are natu- but at the same time we feel a particular and communities be transferred to the macro-level rally very proud of this because it proves that humani- commitment to society. Gerhard Merca- of global governance? Do cultural and ideological ties and social science research can also prosper at our tor (1512–1594) – probably Duisburg’s divergences among global players work as catalysts or University. most famous son – made a major contri- obstacles? How could power-political and institutional bution to the measurement of the earth blockades obstructing cooperation in the world-wide and its global depiction. Our task today context be dissolved? In how far is the secular process is to gain an understanding of the inter- of democratic transformation a driving force or an play of human actions within a network obstacle for global cooperation? These were the core of causal connections where linkages questions on global cooperation by which we started of a particular quality arise – linkages of our journey slightly more than one year ago, being the global cooperation. youngest one of all Käte Hamburger Kollegs. The Annual Report 2012/2013 describes and illustrates the first Hence our conclusion that this is the per- steps on our way towards approaching these challenges. fect location for the Centre. And after At the same time it points out to the road we intend to just one year, we are delighted to see take in the next few months. Let us as well as our cur- that the Centre’s activities are already rently almost 20 fellows invite you to learn more about gathering momentum in Duisburg, North the possibilities (and limits) of the research on global Rhine-Westphalia, and beyond. Our thanks cooperation. go to all those committed to making it a success. You have the University at your Markus Böckenförde Professor Dr. Ulrich Radtke side in this endeavour. Tobias Debiel Rector of the University of Claus Leggewie Duisburg-Essen Professor Dr. Ulrich Radtke Dirk Messner 10 Global Cooperation Outlook 2

11 Global Cooperation in World Society – Michael Tomasello, Director of the Max Planck Institute that call into question Western ideas of modernity and 13 Research Pastures New for Evolutionary Anthropology, comes to similar Western dominance. For the moment, however, the conclusions. The unique status of human beings in the multi-polar constellation is resulting in a process of animal kingdom, he says, is due to their capacity for fragmentation: paradigms of order have become fluid, cooperation. Shared goals, shared knowledge, common processes of coordination unintelligible. This has led beliefs, and the capacity for ‘we intentionality’ are the to a contradictory situation: there is diagnostic consen- bases of the cultural success story of humankind. As sus on particular problems (such as the financial crisis human history advanced, cooperation proved an adap- or climate change) and new norms are being developed tive advantage. (for example in regard to safeguards against grave human rights violations), yet all this is not resulting in That human beings have a capacity for cooperation was concrete regulations and procedures for dealing with also demonstrated by the late Elinor Ostrom, winner the problems. of the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, who died in June 2012. In a whole series of studies of successful and Why is this? Are there insurmountable differences of unsuccessful attempts to safeguard common resources interest? Do people view the international situation Global five - such as forests, fish-stocks, and water, she pinpointed differently and come to differing conclusions about it? fellows at the Centre: the pre-conditions for cooperation. Communication, Are they guided by differing values? There is no doubt Jan Aart Scholte, UK trust, reputation, reciprocal behaviour, adherence to that there are differences of interest and that short- Stephen Brown, Canada Mathieu Rousselin, France jointly elaborated rule systems, evolving ‘we identities’, sighted maximization of advantage is hampering joint 12 Meibo Huang, PR China and instruments for sanctioning opportunistic behav- action directed towards enlightened long-term self- Esref Aksu, Turkey iour are the bases of successful cooperation. interest. But another key factor here is the manner in which actors and institutions deal with cultural differ- 12 Is globalization proving too much for international tional ‘nature’ of human beings and their Cultural difference and paradoxes of cooperation in ence. By ‘culture’ we mean not an indissoluble, virtu- organizations, for governments, and for ourselves as institutions undergoes a renaissance. And the 21st century ally untransplantable entity. We mean, rather, highly human beings? The crisis in the international financial yet this theory does not tally with the Having said all this, the realization that human beings diverse worlds of lived experience shaped by values, markets provided dramatic proof of the limits of na- current state of research. The biologist, are not just interdependent at the local level and in traditions, and practices. The question of how coopera- tional regulatory systems and international institutions ethnologist, and evolutionary researcher their national societies but that they constitute de facto tion functions in large groups, in large-scale interna- and yet we are unable even to create a properly func- Frans de Waal has shown time and again a global risk community is a relatively new phenom- tional organizations and indeed between different tioning body to oversee European financial markets. in his works that human beings have enon in human history. Initially, the challenge made societies that are culturally distinct in one way or After half a century of shared experience of coopera- been highly dependent on one another itself felt in the shadow of the post-World War II another (which, as we have said, is the norm) remains tion, the eurozone crisis has brought the European for survival from the time that homo sa- nuclear threat: two ideologically opposed blocs were largely unresearched. Only rarely does anyone ask to Union to breaking-point. The World Trade Organization piens first emerged, some 200,000 years ranged against each other; militarily they were armed what extent international negotiating forums consti- (WTO) has been at a standstill for over a decade. The ago. Throughout their lives – in youth, to the teeth, and socio-economically their chosen tute a diplomatic stage on which culturally blind power- negotiations on climate-change have spent years mark- old age, and sickness – human beings social systems – capitalism and communism – were ir- politics are played out, or how far they are – to pursue ing time and the Rio summit of June 2012 dashed many have need of the support of others. reconcilable. But one goal united the two power-blocs: the metaphor – a ‘cultures of the world’ show. What expectations. In short: the international system that The unique capacity for cooperation that to prevent the Cold War from escalating into a nuclear role does gift-exchange, with its creation of mutual emerged after the Second World War appears unequal evolved amongst our ancestors made conflict and thus ward off collective self-destruction. obligations, play in transnational and international to the challenges of the 21st century. What is currently it possible for them to advance into action? How do we explain the workings of altruistic on the increase in world politics is not global coopera- unexplored territory in the search for Nowadays the paradox takes a completely different actions and global acts of solidarity in epidemics, tion but national self-interest, conflict over resource- food and resources and, most critically, form. The world has become multi-polar and this has famines and other philanthropic endeavours? These distribution, and power-play. to coordinate the hunt for large animals. resulted in the emergence of new players in the power- compelling conundrums have yet to be resolved. Cooperation to mutual advantage – in game. In the medium term, the rise of major states Cooperation as a mainspring of human development other words, reciprocity – is a basic in the South – China, India, Brazil, and South Africa, Global governance in the shadow of systemic crisis When cooperation finds itself stymied at every turn in building-block of human existence. for example – will open up the opportunity to adopt In the midst of all this, international institutions are world politics, the theory of the inherently confronta- new perspectives on global governance, perspectives being put to the test. The need for cross-border – and 14

indeed global – directive action is steadily growing. ments can translate international de- the framework of transnational and international coop- 15 Spotlight: Legal Pluralism The inter-connectedness of the international finan- bates into their own language, but often eration be increased without compounding complexity cial system is such that property bubbles at national all they can actually do is endorse ne- and undermining effectiveness? What role might be For quite some time, legal pluralism was a special level can quickly escalate into a global financial crisis. gotiating outcomes which their govern- played within this global transformation process by interest within the discipline of legal anthropology Climate-protection is a global good par excellence, ments have brought home with them: in the middle classes now on the rise around the world and sociology describing a situation in which two or given that every CO2 emission and reduction, wherever general they are scarcely in a position to and calling for changes in their societies? The Centre more legal systems coexist in one social field. Only it may take place in the world, has global repercussions. reward their own governments for their for Global Cooperation Research offers space for intel- recently did the concept move into mainstream le- The various UN bodies, the World Trade Organization, efforts by stabbing them in the back. lectual investigation and institutional creativity with gal discourse and also became a topic in comparative the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund a view to bringing some of these issues closer to a solu- law, international law, political science, and socio are having great difficulty keeping pace with these Does this mean the solution to problems tion. The Centre is committed to four basic principles: legal studies, thereby transcending the individual challenges. Even the G20 has, in no time at all, lapsed in of global cooperation lies in technocratic rigorous inter-disciplinarity; the bringing-together of localized state towards the transnational sphere. status from beacon of hope to cause for concern. arrangements, in which a small number scholars from all over the world; interaction with prac- Gaining popularity across a range of academic of powerful actors sit down behind titioners from the field of international cooperation; disciplines, “legal pluralism” has to struggle with How can states, highly divergent as they are, and private closed doors and work out the most and a global perspective as a basis for research. different paradigms and knowledge bases adding actors – from international companies to formal rep- effective ways of dealing with the more perspectives and approaches. resentatives of civil society – work together in such a problems? To adopt such a course would, Tobias Debiel is Professor of International Relations way that cross-border problems are not just addressed in our view, be a grave mistake. This is and Development Policy at the University of Duisburg- One project at the Centre attempts to capture those but actually resolved? And what can be done to ensure because in order to achieve the desired Essen, Director of the Institute for Development and perspectives and approaches. It thereby identifies, that agreements are implemented effectively in the effect, global agreements have to be Peace (Institut für Entwicklung und Frieden – INEF), measures, and categorizes the form and degrees of absence of a global police-force and a global law- implemented at national and, in many and Managing Director of the Centre for Global Coop- legal pluralities encompassing local, national, supra- enforcer? We need to develop binding norms, but we cases, local level. In addition, middle eration Research (KHK / GCR21). national, and international levels. Through this also need to create a reliable set of expected outcomes classes across the world, rendered more categorization it supports a relevant aspect of the for actors whose foreign policy activities are rooted in vocal by various processes of moderniza- Claus Leggewie is Professor of Political Science at the Centre’s work. It challenges an implicit picture that widely differing political cultures. Within such a set-up, tion, are increasingly demanding that Justus Liebig University in Giessen, Director of the legal professionals, many citizens and perhaps penalties for infringement of the rules would in many their governments – often of authoritar- Institute for Advanced Study in the Humanities in Essen even we at times carry around: the idea of a legal cases be made to bite not in a ‘physical’ way but by ian stamp – grant them a say in shaping (Kulturwissenschaftliches Institut – KWI), and Co- world that reflects a concept of unity, integration, ‘shaming’ the parties concerned for their uncoopera- affairs. In the medium term, this is also director of the Centre for Global Cooperation Research and hierarchy. tive behaviour and thereby inflicting the kind of loss of being reflected in calls for global justice, (KHK / GCR 21). reputation that is such a source of fear in international of the kind currently being made within As part of his substantive work at the Centre, politics, not only to ‘global players’ but also to regional the framework of the World Social Dirk Messner is Professor of Political Science at the Dr. Markus Böckenförde focuses on issues of post- policy-shapers. Forums. University of Duisburg-Essen, Director of the German conflict constitution building and of legal pluralism: Development Institute (Deutsches Institut für Entwick- His current research topics are ‘Categories of Legal Problems of legitimation in a global society undergo- Intellectual exploration as a contribu- lungspolitik – DIE), and Co-director of the Centre for Pluralities – Identifying and Classifying Sorts of ing democratization tion to the solution of global problems Global Cooperation Research (KHK / GCR21). Legal Pluralism’ and ‘Comparing Judicial Systems in In an ever more complex world, we also need a new This paper has highlighted a number of West Africa’. understanding of governance. Global directive action pressing questions: What must be done is tending less and less to follow specific models, struc- to bring into being a model of global tures, and pre-determined patterns of task-sharing. civilization that is founded on world- Instead, responsibility and competency themselves are wide cooperation and has the capacity increasingly becoming the object of negotiating pro- to contain conflicts? Can we design cesses. This intensifies the problem of legitimation international organizations in such a associated with global governance. The attention of way that cooperation is possible despite the world-wide public is constantly being aroused by substantial material inequalities, widely civil society actors, only to founder on differences in diverging interests, and great cultural political culture and language-barriers. National parlia- diversity? How can participation within having the time and space poised to make significant original contributions Q: Thank you for coming and thanks for returning to pointing to how research and practice DIE – an institution that you know very well, as we have just heard. You’ve been with the World Bank for many might meet in the future years holding senior operational and corporate positions, before turning your attention more strongly towards research activities on governance issues in global Three senior fellows of the Käte Hamburger Kolleg / Centre for Global food security. What makes KHK / GCR21 the perfect Cooperation Research (KHK / GCR21) met with students of a post-grad- next step for you with regard to your research interest? uate course at the German Development Institute (DIE) in Bonn, one of the Centre’s participating institutes. This was a lively discussion between M. Thalwitz: After many years of practical work at a Margret Thalwitz generations about their motivations and about subjects in transition. global development institution where you make daily decisions that impact on other people‘s life, taking a deep breath, reconsidering what you have learned from theory, policy, experience, is a unique opportunity for new learning and sharing. The Centre offers this in an unprecedented way; with its focus on one of the most 16 Q: Prof. Scholte, thank you very much for being with pressing and yet most difficult challenges, coopera- us today. As we have just heard, you have dedicated tion, it attracts scholars and experts across a wide a good part of your professional life to analysing and array of disciplines from around the world. This is not promoting the inclusiveness of the global governance only stimulating and enriching, it also points to how system. What are your expectations in working at the research and practice might meet in the future. Being Centre for Global Cooperation Research and where part of the Centre is a rich and exciting experience. do you see a role for institutions like the Centre or com- parable programmes in supporting more democratic global governance? Jan Aart Scholte University of Warwick, United Kingdom J.A. Scholte: The Centre in Duisburg is in a small company Q: From your biography we saw that you have worked 17 of academic research institutes worldwide that specifi- in several universities in the UK. How is it to work in cally highlight the opportunities and challenges for Germany and in which way does your work at this Centre democracy in and through global governance. Contem- differ from working at a (British) university? porary globalisation has created many difficulties for democracy. Initiatives such as the KHK / GCR21 can D. Chandler: It is nice to work at a research institute play a vital role as incubators for innovations in princi- where you have less concerns with day-to-day teaching ples and practices of ‚global democracy‘. In addition, and administration and can work with colleagues in a the Centre is helpfully – and quite uniquely – placing more ‚collegial‘ way, having the time and space to dis- a particular spotlight on the question of culture in David Chandler cuss and think about shared interests and aspirations. relation to democratic global governance. For global University of Westminster, United Kingdom This has provided a very valuable learning experience democracy to be truly meaningful for all peoples across for me. I think that this aspect has more to do with the planet, it has to address the issue of cultural diver- KHK / GCR21 itself as an institute than with any general sity. The Centre is poised to make significant original differences between UK and German universities as contributions to thinking about the ethics and politics institutions. of a positive engagement with cultural diversity in global governance. Factory Report 18 3

19 Questions of accountability and responsibility can no longer be derived from multi-level Debated Concepts and Experimental Encounters: models or constitutional agreements alone First Research Experiences at the Centre for Global but have become a constant element of Cooperation Research negotiation processes.

Prof. Dr. Tobias Debiel, Director However, not always there exist values tes on responsibility, legitimacy and justice in the world community 21 The first year of researching at the Käte Hamburger Kolleg / Centre for and rules for groups coming from diffe- which have considerably influenced the research of Unit 3, “Global Global Cooperation Research (KHK / GCR21) has resulted in consolida- rent social or cultural contexts – or their Governance Revisited”. It has become obvious that the appropriate ting knowledge stocks while at the same time critically questioning implementation is debated. Accordingly, concepts are very much influenced by western Enlightenment and traditional views and making first experiments on exploring the often the issue of cooperation is con- the thus connected kind of philosophy. To go beyond this, first ap- research field of global cooperation. One starting point of the Centre nected to the way in which social order proaches have been developed on the worldwide empirical recording was the fact that attempts at cooperative solutions often become a develops spontaneously – and what the of ideas of legitimacy and justice. Also, the Centre connects to the failure at the level of human interaction and most of all at that of in- art of improvisation may trigger off. One methodology of the Global Democracy Project which is influenced ternational diplomacy, but this has been widely known and is perhaps experiment on exploring this was made by Jan Aart Scholte and attempts to shape and stage discourses on Our first move was to rather a paralysing insight. Against this background, our first move by Research Unit 2 in the context of the transcultural constructions of global legitimacy along the principles change the point of view was to change the point of view and ask under which conditions a Ruhrtriennale 2012, which was on the of diversity and reflectivity, in cooperation with researchers from the purposeful interaction is successful. For the evolutionary success sto- exploration of practices of improvisation most various contexts. A controversy which might be of interest in and ask under which ry of the human species does not primarily indicate failure but rather and artistic interaction. In this context, the coming years has developed on the question if responsibility conditions a purposeful a kind of natural disposition for cooperation – a predisposition which, a cultural-scientific point of view towards for global problem-solving is primarily with political institutions or if however, may be used for destructives purposes. cooperation deciphers mechanisms also the citizens of a world society, in case of living in democratically interaction is successful. That examples of success in the constructive sense can be identified cooperation is based on, such as the ex- constituted communities, have particular obligations. has been demonstrated by a survey presenting 38 examples of lear- change of gifts (Marcel Mauss), but also This controversy is of even more significance as both the normative ning. May it be mediating activities by non-state actors such as the dominance relations as well as those foundations and the practices of democracy are in the midst of radical community of laypeople “Saint Egidio” in Mozambique, may it be the narratives as legitimating them. Thus, change, as it is worked out by Research Unit 4. The financial crises both Montreal Protocol on the protection of the ozone layer, or may it be also successful projects in the sign of at the European and the global level have revealed that questions of new communications and cooperation projects in the Worldwide Net global development cooperation may be accountability and responsibility can no longer be derived from multi- – again and again it is conspicuous how, at the transnational and inter- a matter of critical reflection. During the level models or constitutional agreements alone but have become national level, creativity, the ability to deal with conflict or readiness first years of the Centre, this has particu- a constant element of negotiation processes, in the context of which to compromise push through. One example, among others, is a large larly been done regarding humanitaria- the relation between citizens and state is changing. In this context, project on fighting malnutrition, the “Golden Rice Project”. In the con- nism as well as the religious ideologies state actors increasingly close off some decision-making processes text of this project, a public-private partnership develops a genetically it is based on, all of which are still influ- from transparency and control. At the same time, however, for solving modified kind of rice containing a clearly bigger amount of beta-caro- enced, among others, by the colonial urgent problems in the fields of work, economy, finances, education, tene (Provitamin A) and thus possibly being suitable for fighting the dominance relations of the 19th century. environment etc. one moves away from top-down solutions via insti- deficiency in Vitamin A which is found precisely among marginalised That the religious factor is important tutions while rather striving for the empowerment of the individual 20 classes in Asia. Even if both the green genetic engineering behind this still today and is often underestimated is or demanding a co-responsibility of economic actors. What is still ne- and the structure of the consortium have attracted criticism, both demonstrated by current debates on gotiated among transnational and national publics, where are politics this and other projects in the context of Research Unit 1 demonstrate: the freedom of speech and its limits, simply shifted into the field of the individual´s “daily life” and self-re- Cooperation on global public goods is possible – and not exclusively as they are made a topic of discussion in sponsibility? Post-national ideas of democracy pursue such questions as a result of rational choice approaches but to a considerable degree the context of the demands for a ban on – while thus bursting out of the legitimacy ideas of the classical frame also of those values as being predominant with social institutions. The blasphemy. The public debate in Germany of the Westphalian state. fact that certain groups are more successful with this than others is on this issue has considerably been a Our Factory Report from the various fields shows: The Centre has also dependent on the way in which teams think and follow rules, that result of a workshop by KHK / GCR21 made a thrilling and sometimes unexpectedly happy start. And: is on allegedly “soft factors”. and KWI. At the global level, debated there are much more open and controversial questions in the field of ideological views are reflected by deba- global cooperation research than we had anticipated. The (Im)Possibility 23 of Cooperation Research Unit 1 25 Global We?

New Insights about the Humans: A natural predisposition for cooperation?

Foundations of Global Cooperation Recent work on the behavioural and evolutionary foundations of cooperative behaviour suggests that human beings have a natural predisposition to cooperate. Three types of evidence suggest such a natural bias for cooperation. First, The research unit is concerned with the question of whether and how Second, we want to translate our insights into practical children often cooperate at a very young age, presumably Dr. Silke Weinlich global cooperation can succeed. How can the classical social dilemma approaches and eventually develop ideas about how emerging naturally without much adult intervention; this Head of Research Unit 1 – individual rationality leads to collective irrationality – that is sig- more successful global cooperation could be brought indicates that we are born with a predisposition for certain nificantly more complex at the global level, be resolved in favour of about. We do not want to stop short with the diagnosis ways of cooperative behaviour. Studies have shown that addressing global problems in an effective and legitimate manner? that currently global cooperation is not working well previous to a long period of socialization and even before Although the question is not new, it has become more pertinent: The and that issues such as culture, complexity, or scale acquiring language children are inclined to help others who increasing globalisation in most fields of policy makes the world grow provide ample explanations for this. We want to use appear to be in trouble, to provide helpful information to more closely together, multiple global crises and problems demand our insights to analyse the structure and functioning others even when it is of no use to them, and to share food coordinated global approaches. Maybe more than ever before, how- of the institutions that are set up to facilitate interna- and other treats fairly with other children. Crucially, this ever, there is a lack of successful transnational political action, as ap- tional cooperation, identify key problematic features helpfulness does not depend on being rewarded; in fact, parent in recent UN climate conferences, but also in the work of new or points of blockage, and eventually put forward de- rewards undermine this type of helpful behaviour. Second, actors such as the G-20 which for many bore hopes for improvements. sign ideas for how institutions promoting international some types of cooperation show up in humans but not in Against this background and based on the premise of radical multidis- cooperation should look like. closely related primates such as chimpanzees; this suggests ciplinarity, our overall objective in Research Unit 1 is twofold. that humans are biologically endowed with the abilities In 2012 we mainly focused on two aspects of our research necessary for cooperation. Despite some differences, other First, we aim at gathering new insights about the foundations of global agenda. First, building on our existing strong networks apemen also succeed in cooperative interactions, indicating cooperation by systematically bringing together actor-centred and in the fields of development policy, sustainability and a long evolutionary history of cooperative abilities in the structural explanations of human cooperation and social behaviour international relations, we scrutinized selected patterns human lineage. And third, there are types of cooperative from the social sciences, the humanities and the natural sciences. of deficient cooperation meant for solving global prob- behaviour that are common among many different human Building on this foundation, our aim is on the one hand to explore the lems such as climate change, food security, or poverty cultures and social settings; such universality would suggest interconnectedness of these and other core factors in a cross-discipli- alleviation. Secondly, we built the basis for a more that some forms of cooperation are part of human nature. nary manner and understand their interaction. On the other hand, interdisciplinary orientation by reaching out to experi- Cooperative abilities and even similar strategies can be found we want to fathom the specificities of global cooperation – what makes mental and institutional economists, anthropologists, in a large variety of human cultures, providing final evidence 24 cooperation on global problems so difficult? Recent research from or social psychologists. We engaged in a stocktaking for human’s natural ability and inclination to cooperate. evolutionary anthropology provides reasons to believe that targeted, exercise by analyzing the differing conceptualisations problem-oriented action based on common intentions is one of the of ‘cooperation’ across disciplines and by distilling fac- Guarin/Haun/Messner forthcoming 2013: main reasons for the evolutionary success story of human beings tors that stabilize or hinder cooperation. Behavioral dimensions of international cooperation (see also box). Indeed, under certain conditions, humans are very well capable of solving problems such as the possible overexploitation of public goods. Yet another finding is that cooperation works very well within a social group if this group constitutes itself against another group. This social phenomenon is one of the reasons why cooperation at the global level is considerably more complex. There exist many others. We will investigate from different angles how exactly global cooperation differs from other forms of cooperation, and whether and how the findings from small group cooperation can be scaled up to the global level. In this regard, we see ourselves contributing to theories and concepts of world society. Cooperation is child´s play Survey: 26 Successful Cases of (Global) Cooperation

Prof. Dr. Bernd Lahno 27 Senior Fellow

Cooperation at the global level is prone to fail. Despite Personnel Mine Ban Convention. More the human inclination to cooperate at the interper- recent cases included the way in which Norms and Rules sonal level and in small groups, the more recent record central banks used a network of tempo- of cooperation within the international community has rary swap agreements to successfully Margret Thalwitz as a Foundation of Social been rather bleak; examples of successful coopera- prevent an even more severe financial Senior Expert Fellow tion are scarce. This assessment seems to be common crisis, or the global handling of the Bird Cooperation amidst the crisis of global climate change negotia- Flu, or the global encyclopedia Wikipe- tions, political rifts within the United Nations Security dia. In addition, cases were brought to Bernd Lahno, Professor of Philosophy and Quantitative Council, competing visions of global politics between our attention that were highly success- Global Cooperation Methods at the Frankfurt School of Finance and North and South, and a European Union threatened by ful in terms of effective cooperation Management, joined the Centre in February 2013 for disintegration. but in the end proved possibly rather in Providing Public Goods. a one-year fellowship in Research Unit 1. Prof. Lahno’s detrimental to the greater global good. research project on “Norms and Rules as a Foundation But is the state of global cooperation really that gloomy? For instance, the cooperation among The Story of Golden Rice of Social Cooperation” is comprised of three projects Our starting point for this project was the assumption scientist in the context of the Manhattan of different character that all are clearly directed at that there must be cases of successful cooperation that Project led to the rapid deployment of understanding the behavioural foundation of coopera- are not well known. By a first explorative step we want- two nuclear bombs which were dropped In her research project, former World Bank member tion. First, Prof. Lahno looks at strategic problems in in- ed to collect examples in order to investigate them over Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945. Margret Thalwitz uses the example of the Golden Rice formation transmission. He employs Goldman’s concept in more detail. Dr. Andrea Licata, associate researcher Project to analyse how global public goods such as of vertistic value in order to explore the impact of differ- at the Centre, conducted a survey among roughly 100 We continue our work on successful global food security can be ensured in the context of ent social institutions and practices on the cooperative carefully selected individuals deeply familiar with cooperation with a series of workshops. a tangled web of public and private interests. Golden value of communication in terms of truth (as compared global cooperation (research). Participants were asked Here, we intend to further explore the Rice is a genetically engineered product which synthesiz- to the value in terms of individual utility, traditionally a for cases that were innovative in the sense of providing concept of success in cooperation, es and stores provitamin A; as such, it has the potential typical feature of Rational Choice analyses). The second ideas and models that could serve as starting points for and also investigate selected cases in to combat malnutrition. The “Golden Rice Project” is part of the project analyses team reasoning and rule- improving cooperation at the global level. more detail in order to better under- of particular interest for research on global cooperation obeying behaviour, two fundamental elements of co- stand factors supporting or preventing because it offers a product that benefits the poor and operation. The aim is to explore the common grounds We received many positive reactions to our survey and cooperation. disadvantaged producer and consumer while being of and differences of team reasoning and rule obeying collected roughly four dozens of examples of success- no interest for the consumer in rich countries. In the in order to see whether each of them can be refined ful cooperation. The examples covered a wide field; 25 years-long process of development, a plethora of in the light of the advantages of the other. The hope they were taken from policy fields as diverse as envi- different actors in research, economy, and politics have (justified by first analysis) is that a unified theory of ronment, culture, education, economy, communica- been involved and the project has transformed from cooperative behaviour can be found that includes both tion, or health. The sample showed a high degree of being a public sector project to a public-private-part- team reasoning and rule obeying as consistent and diversity in terms of actors involved, goals achieved nership. Ms. Thalwitz analyses the interplay between complementary parts. The third part of the project as well as levels of action, ranging from the local to public and private actors in order to shed light on the is an application of the previous, more abstract delib- the global. Classical examples from the international project’s implications for global cooperation as well as eration and touches upon one of the central issues in realm included the reduction of CFC gases emission for the generation and use of life-saving knowledge as liberal theory, the question whether social order can over a surprisingly short period of time by means of a global public good. emerge spontaneously or whether there need to be the Montreal Protocol, or the successful cooperation deliberate intentions. The opportunities and the limits among state and non-state actors that lead to the Anti- of spontaneous order will be investigated more closely. 28 Global Cultural Conflicts and Transcultural Cooperation Research Unit 2 Global – Local: 31 Cooperation as Cultural Practice

Research Unit 2 “Global Cultural Conflicts and Transcultural Coopera- (3) Gift Cultures as Relations “in between” found a wider audience in the following weeks when in PD Dr. Alexandra Przyrembel tion” attempts to understand why and how cultural and religious dif- In his essay “Sur le don” (1925), Marcel Mauss (1872- different German-speaking newspapers (FAZ/FR/NZZ) Head of Research Unit 2 ferences may facilitate or obstruct global cooperation. In other words, 1950) developed the model of the gift which reflects authors like Robert Spaemann, Navid Kermani, Friedrich terms and languages of global cooperation are entangled with dif- non-utilitarian concepts of cooperation. As acts of Wilhelm Graf and others gave their interpretations of In cooperation with fellows, Alexandra ferent concepts of culture. These concepts carry specific ideological giving are defined as acts of communication, they Mosebach´s view. This debate will be published in the Przyrembel pursues her own research implications (e.g. the “Western” narrative, the postcolonial perspec- establish new forms of relations. These relations “in first volume of the Centre´s Global Dialogue Series. project „Global Aid Cultures”. This project tive). One of the goals is to disentangle the concept of “culture” from between” allow for a complex understanding of global analyses the impact of nineteenth-century those ideological connotations by critically examining established cooperation. Successful Cooperation European religious organizations and phil- terms, narratives as well as practices of cooperation. While taking dif- The workshop “Examples of Successful Cooperation – anthropic associations on the development ferent religious interpretations of the world serious, the research unit Activities – initiating debates – Artistic Practice and Improvisation”, organized togeth- of global aid cultures in the Modern Age. “Global Cultural Conflicts and Transcultural Cooperation” addresses Käte Hamburger Lecture er with KWI, was a cooperation with the Ruhrtriennale The aim of the research project is to tackle the impact of religious vs. secular motivations for global coopera- 2012 and focused on the modes of cooperation within the interrelationship between moral senti- tion in the 21st century. Based on these assumptions, the following In 2012 the research unit initiated debates that addressed different artist´s impressions. This innovative experiments and humanitarian action. questions will be addressed: What are the implications of cooperation terms of artistic cooperation, the shift of free speech ment, based on the procedure of a summer-school, as cultural practices? In which respect do (inter)religious and secular and the impact of religion on humanitarianism from the tried to find coherences between certain aspects of concepts and debates influence conceptions of cooperation? What is Modern Age to the 21st century. Three conferences, cooperation and improvisation within artist` contexts the impact of the “global” vs. the “local” on practices of cooperation? one workshop as well as the very successful call for and to transform these experiences into different sce- application of fellowships (published in June 2012) narios and fields of scientific research. To pursue these questions, in the course of the next few years we will confirm the impact of the chosen approach. concentrate on the following research fields. Religion in the Age of Imperial Humanitarianism Free Speech PD Dr. Alexandra Przyrembel in cooperation with Prof. 30 (1) Cooperation as a Cultural Practice The first Käte Hamburger Lecture was held by Timothy Dr. Harald Fischer-Tiné (ETH Zuerich) and Prof. Dr. Cooperation is based on different cultural practices. Cooperative rela- Garton Ash, Professor for European Studies at the Johannes Paulmann (Leibniz-Institut of European History, tions are not necessarily based on matching interests, sometimes they University of Oxford. Garton Ash explained how free Mainz) organized the international conference Religion do not even follow any interests at all. Due to the increasing meaning speech could be guaranteed and how guaranteed free in the Age of Imperial Humanitarianism, 1850-1950 of global networks, cooperation is also framed by technology. speech would eventually bring about global and cross- which took place in September 2012. The conference cultural cooperation. addressed terms of cooperation in the age of Imperial- (2) Global Aid Cultures and the Genealogy of Humanitarianism in The lecture was held within a workshop at the Institute ism and its entanglement with civilizing missions. the Modern Age for Advanced Study in the Humanities (KWI) under the A co-edited volume will be published in 2014. By analysing networks of global humanitarian action and practices of title “Free Speech. Freedom of Opinion in a Multicul- aid for people in need at home and abroad from the 19th to the 21st tural World”. Claus Leggewie in his opening statement centuries, unit 2 contributes to an understanding of recent humani- emphasized the importance of a “culture of respect” tarianism, its practices of aid and its narratives. Due to its focus on the concerning the difficult debate about which “rules” or entanglement of aid practices in former European colonies – in Africa, “norms” are important for free speech. India – as well as in Western countries, we address the limits of cur- During the conference, the German writer and novelist rent aid politics. Martin Mosebach made a provocative statement about the possible need for a blasphemy-jurisdiction. His speech was discussed controversial immediately but Bishop Kaigama of Jos 32 Nigeria 33

PD Dr. Christian Meyer Abdolkarim Soroush and Senior Fellow Senior Fellow ‘Our religion does not teach us to do this’ The Future of Debating Islam

Social Interaction Abdolkarim Soroush is a philosopher from Iran and is In February an exchange between the Archbishop of the a rope to go to the bottom of the well or you may take known as one of today´s major reform oriented think- city of Jos in central Nigeria, Ignatius Ayau Kaigama, and the rope in order to come out of the well. So it is your Christian Meyer, University of Bielefeld, Faculty for ers of Islam. His work concerns various questions Abdolkarim Soroush was initiated by Research Unit 2. own decision. Sociology, is an expert for qualitative social research regarding religion and especially the philosophy of Archbishop Kaigama dedicates much of his work to the and works on anthropological fundamentals, culture religion. His “Reason, Freedom and Democracy in Islam. dialogue with Muslim authorities concerning a peace- Being religious or non-religious, there is bestiality in us. formation and the limits of cooperative social prac- Essential writings of Abdolkarim Soroush”, edited by ful co-existence in Central Nigeria where there happen Religions are very powerful tools in order to spare bes- tices. His recent publications include “Sozialität in Slow Mahmoud Sadri and Ahmad Sadri in 2000, seems to be bloody conflicts between Christians and Muslims as tiality. All prophets were brothers, but the followers Motion. Theoretische und empirische Perspektiven“ of particular significance, especially when attempting well as terrorist attacks by the Islamistic sect Boko Haram of the prophets are sometimes not brothers, and this (Wiesbaden) from 2012 as well as “The Rhetorical to understand religious and cultural differences as which, over the past few years, have been widely is because of the religious leaders. They would have to Emergence of Culture” (Oxford) from 2011 as well as facilitators or obstacles to global cooperation. covered by the media. convince the followers that they should be brothers.” numerous articles. Maybe more than most other fellows so far, Soroush used his stay at the Centre to present his research concerns Central to the exchange, that first of all took place in Asked by Soroush whether he himself had been cooper- Through different processes of societal hybridization, through speeches. In December 2012 he held one on the form of a double interview for Frankfurter Rund- ating with Muslim leaders, archbishop Kaigama stated: current forms of social change (globalization, socio- “Modern Islam and Modern West” at the German schau, was among others the question of a relation technical hybridization, ageing) produce new chal- Development Institute in Bonn (repeated the follow- between religion and violence as well as the challenges “Yes, we have. Quite a lot! Maybe that is what I am trying lenges for human conviviality. Everyday interaction ing month at KWI in Essen) in which he introduced the to a dialogue between the religions. The interview was to say: If we were beating the drum of war right now, with cultural strangers, with intelligent machines and audience to modern interpretations of Islam and the spontaneausly followed by an open discussion which whole Nigeria would have gone like that. Even when computer devices as well as with persons with demen- modern secular West. To the Centre´s workshop on was also attended by further guests. Particularly crucial my church was attacked and over 50 people were killed tia confront our society ever more strongly with the “Entangled Categories? Shame, moral sentiments for the exchange of thoughts were the two following and the whole church burned, I still went in the midst limits of existent routines of social cooperation. This and the visual” on 03/05/2013 Soroush contributed excerpts, the first one of which comes from the inter- of the people. The young people were wild, they want- research project will, firstly, try to grasp these new a speech titled “Shame and Responsibility”. In this view published on 02/13/2013 in FR, and the second ed to fight anybody. And I said: ‘Stop it! Our religion socialities from a theoretical perspective, and secondly, context he presented one of his major research fields one goes back to the open discussion: does not teach us to do this.’ Some people think it’s assemble empirical studies that analyse new forms of at the Centre, “shame” as a cultural and philosophical cowardice. But I can talk to any Muslim leader in Nigeria hybrid interaction and cooperation in a detailed man- concept. He focused on the differences in the under- Asked whether religion was the distinguishing factor and they listen to me. I can talk to the highest Christian ner. Based on this groundwork, the project attempts standing of shame between Islamic (in particuar Iran) in violent conflicts and whether a tendency to violence leaders in Nigeria, they listen to me. That is my goal! at identifying tendencies as well as desiderata for the and Western countries and argued that important con- was inherited within religion through the religious Some people would like me to come out saying: Chris- emergence of new cultures of cooperation and interac- clusions can be drawn from its meaning in terms claim for truth, Soroush answered: tiansare being persecuted. That is not my mission. My tion in our future. of understanding the two cultures, the religious as mission is to tell the truth about the situation and seek well as the secular one. Soroush intends this research “Well, let me put it in a philosophical jargon: Religion for other solutions. Where there is hatred, I bring love. During his time at the Centre he organized a workshop to culminate in a book in the near future. is not the cause, sometimes it is a reason for conflict. Some people don’t like it.” titled “Global Collaboration and Negotiation: Case During his stay Soroush attracted media attention to I think religion has got its role, but it is being abused. Studies in Cultural Difference” on December 11th 2012. the Centre when he was interviewed by Frankfurter Let me give you an example from Rumi, the poet, the He also pushed further the debate at the Centre on Rundschau, first in October 2012 on Islam and democ- Persian mystic. He says that religion is like a rope. how ‘culture’ has to be recognized as an important fac- racy, and then together with Nigerian Archbishop Igna- It doesn’t have any particular direction. You may take tor of global cooperation. tius Ayau Kaigama in February 2013 (see next page). Global 35 Governance Revisited Research Unit 3 Global Governance between De- and Renationalization

Research Unit 3 “Global Governance Revisited”, explores governance loss of state sovereignty. Whether the denationalizing lows and invited guests on notions of justice in global 37 Dr. Rainer Baumann beyond the nation state in both its analytical and normative dimen- effects of globalization or the renationalizing aspira- cooperation, in a workshop that preceded the lecture. Head of Research Unit 3 sions by analysing the implications of nascent processes of global tions of pro-Westphalian non-Western countries will Fellow Herbert Wulf studied Indian conceptions of change for the prospects of cooperation. The concept of governance carry the day is an open question at this point. Studying global governance as well as Indian aspirations in world is used in this context because authoritative decision-making that both trends in conjunction, thus turns our attention to politics. Rainer Baumann, head of the research unit, influences the behaviour of actors does not necessarily presuppose a set of questions that is of crucial importance for the completed articles and book chapters on a constructivist the existence of a government capable of hierarchical steering. It also future development of world politics. account of denationalization processes of security poli- allows for addressing the empirical questions of which governance cy, on the denationalization of governance (co-authored structures do exist or are emerging, as well as for pondering norma- Research Unit 3 analyses these issues from three dif- by Klaus Dingwerth, Bremen) and on the role of non- tive problems of which structures and procedures of governance are ferent perspectives. We ask, first, which structures and state actors in foreign policy (co-authored by Frank legitimate and which policies could be considered just and fair. processes of global governance have evolved or are Stengel, Bremen). He also made first empirical explora- emerging; what would be necessary to address prob- tions with a newly compiled data-set on the inclusion 36 In particular, we are interested in the effects of two developments in lems of global concern; and how can emerging institu- of non-state actors in state delegations at climate global governance. The first one refers to the inclusion of non-West- tions be normatively evaluated? This is the macro- change conferences. ern perspectives on global order. After several centuries of global perspective which will be accompanied by a micro-per- dominance by European or North American powers, the rise of China, spective on the role of political cultures and profes- The macro-perspective on global governance will reach India, but also Brazil and other countries has attracted growing public sional cultures in international negotiations. Finally, into the second year, but it will increasingly be accompa- attention. Its implications for global governance, however, are insuffi- micro and macro will be combined under a dynamic nied by the micro-perspective on international negotia- ciently understood so far. What happens to the patterns of interaction perspective on if and how new modes of cooperation tions. in a system long since dominated by Western countries if non-West- can emerge from these trends. ern countries continuously gain in economic and political power? And which impact does this trend have on the actors themselves? In the year 2012 the focus was mostly, if not exclusively, on the first perspective. Stock-taking of the structures, The second trend we can identify lies in the growing participation of processes and policies of global governance and reflec- non-state actors in international negotiations. Transnational NGOs tion on its normative requirements was exemplified in have gained access to negotiation arenas that for a long time had been the work of our first fellow, Dirk Peters, on conceptions the exclusive terrain of states. Multinational corporations are a force of legitimacy in international organizations and their to be reckoned with in many policy fields, and the power of private relevance for the prospects of international coopera- rating agencies can be witnessed in the current financial crisis. But tion. Similarly, our fellow Jan Aart Scholte reflected on does the growing importance of such non-state actors really put an the possibilities of making global governance more in- end to the Westphalian inter-state system? And, instead of changing clusive and democratic. He also made preparations for them, will activists moving from the grassroots level to the diplomatic a workshop on legitimacy seen through transcultural floor not be socialized by the existing governance structures? prisms, which will bring together people with diverse professional and cultural backgrounds from all major It is noteworthy to see that these two developments do not necessar- world regions and will take place in Duisburg in autumn ily form a clear-cut, uniform trend of denationalization and de-West- 2013. Issues of global justice were pondered by Thomas ernization. This is, among others, due to the fact that in many respects Pogge in his Käte Hamburger Lecture in December emerging powers like China, India and Brazil are quite sensitive to the 2012 as well as by him and a group of the Centre’s fel- Workshop on 38 “Notions of Justice in Global Cooperation”

Dr. Dirk Peters with Thomas Pogge 39 Fellow Prof. Dr. Jan Aart Scholte Senior Fellow Global Governance and Contested Conceptions Explorations in of Legitimate Order: Global Democracy

A State of the Art Jan Aart Scholte, Professor of Politics and International Studies at the University of Warwick, joined the Centre Dr. Dirk Peters, Senior Researcher at the Peace Research from 1 November 2012 to 31 March 2013 to work as a Institute Frankfurt, joined the Centre from 15 May to Senior Fellow in Research Unit 3. At the end of the year 2012, Research Unit 3 invited re- Law and International Law, Heidelberg) and Professor 15 November 2012 and, as a Fellow in Research Unit 3, Scholte’s work at the Centre comprised a research pro- searchers from different backgrounds who have been David Chandler (Senior Fellow, KHK / GCR21). Goldmann worked on his research project titled “Global Govern- ject on “Explorations in Global Democracy”. Since 2008 working on global justice and/or global cooperation to addressed the correlation between the financial crisis ance and Contested Conceptions of Legitimate Order: he has coordinated a major international programme a workshop on “Notions of Justice in Global Coopera- and the crisis of democracy, while Chandler focused on A State of the Art”. on ‘Building Global Democracy’ together with co-con- tion” with Professor Thomas Pogge (Yale University). the clash between justice and democracy. Initiated by He carried out a review of current global governance veners across ten world regions. The programme asks a comment by Thomas Pogge, the participants debated research that explores how the normative and how democracy can be conceptualized and practised The workshop, held on 6 December, took place at the problems of sovereignty with regard to the utilisation analytical strands of this literature could be brought on global / planetary scales. Centre for Global Cooperation Research and started of resources. Focusing on the correlation between into dialogue. Also he linked the global governance During his fellowship Professor Scholte completed an with a session on “Justice in a Culturally Diverse World” global justice and global democracy, Pogge empha- literature in IR with the literature on global justice in article on ‘Democratising Global Studies? Reflections with two brief inputs by Professor Corinna Mieth (Ruhr sized the need for a democratization of the articulation Political Theory. When negotiating about international on the Building Global Democracy Programme’, which University, Bochum) and Abdolkarim Soroush (senior of interests and inclusion within global institutions. cooperation, actors negotiate against the backdrop of assesses the experience of the BGD initiative in devel- fellow, KHK / GCR21). In her statement Professor Mieth The issue of paternalism was raised and questions about more fundamental conceptions of what they consider oping a methodology around principles of diversity, highlighted two main thoughts from Thomas Pogge’s the conditions of sovereignty were discussed. At the a legitimate and just political order. When these con- reflectivity and practice. He also completed several work on global justice: Poverty is a problem of justice, end of the session the debate focused on the financial ceptions diverge or clash, actors will be hard pressed writings on civil society and global democracy. In addi- and richer citizens from the West are responsible for crisis and its influence on the international system. As to find avenues for successful cooperation. The project tion, he prepares a workshop to be held at the Centre this injustice. Soroush focused on the ethics concept a conclusion, Rainer Baumann (Head of Research Unit 3, laid the groundwork for research into this empirical in November 2013 on ‘Transcultural Constructions of of justice and the idea of responsibility as a concept of KHK / GCR21) summarized some of the main elements side of the problem. It aimed at (1) conceptually clarify- Global Legitimacy’. His current book project, “Building rights and that justice can be based on responsibility. of the two sessions and thanked the participants for a ing what “notions of legitimate and just order” are and Global Democracy: Perspectives and Proposals from The participants furthermore discussed the western lively, fruitful and stimulating discussion. how they can be empirically identified; (2) it reviewed Around the World”, collects the general findings and dominance in the discourse about justice and the con- current debates about global governance in order to case study summaries of four earlier BGD projects plus stitution of international law. In the context of cultural The workshop was followed by a Käte Hamburger identify and classify notions of just and legitimate contributions to the Centre’s workshop in November. relativism, the universality of justice and human rights Lecture “Beyond 2015: Getting Serious about Global orders that are evoked in these debates; (3) it devised In addition, Professor Scholte will give a Käte Ham- was debated and the discussion focused also on the re- Justice” given by Professor Pogge, moderated by preliminary hypotheses about how such notions, their burger Lecture on 5 June 2013 on the topic of “World lation between rights and responsibilities/duties. The Prof. Thomas Spitzley (University of Duisburg-Essen) convergence or divergence, affect the creation, design, Financial Crisis and Civil Society: Implications for Global second session focused on the question: “Justice and and commented on by Margret Thalwitz and Professor and success of global governance institutions. Democracy”. Cooperation beyond the Nation State: Do Good Things Jan Aart Scholte (both senior fellows at KHK / GCR21). The results of Peters’ research will be published in an Go Together?” It started with brief inputs by Matthias A “cherry on the cake”! See report on page 54. issue of the Centre’s Dialogue Series. Goldmann (Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Paradoxes and 41 Perspectives of Democratisation Research Unit 4 Legitimacy Claims Coming Along with Normative Imaginations

(1) Research Objectives modernization theory has interpreted democracy and zational forms and, thus, less contested, Dr. des. Frank Gadinger Research Unit 4 “Paradoxes and Perspectives of Democratisation” democratisation as the main driving forces for political the dimension of democracy as a norma- Head of Research Unit 4 deals with the relationship between democracy and global coopera- progress and cooperation, current social science scholars tive idea fundamentally touches the tion. The research programme focuses on how to theorize the am- in nearly all disciplines are more sceptical and stress the moral sense of what is a good world to biguous concept of democracy and its relations to global cooperation ambiguous character of democracy, which is seen as an live in and what a legitimate political in the face of a plurality of cultural meanings as well as the possibility unclear concept of political order open for many usages order should look like. The concept of for new institutional practices of global governance. to justify completely different political actions. Conse- democracy is inextricably linked to nor- quently, democracy does not automatically promote co- mative imaginations of the people and 42 In light of multiple kinds of actors beyond the nation state on the operation and in fact may even exacerbate conflicts. The their daily translations of democracy international stage, transnational problems in world politics and unintended consequences of democratic wars and failed in a culturally diverging world. In other emerging forms of global governance, it is necessary to ask if the democratization efforts are exemplary cases for these words, the vision and perception of conventional understanding of liberal democracy – rooted in the paradoxical effects. Researchers and political practition- democracy and the practice of democ- nation state – is still working as a normative concept to legitimize ers therefore struggle with a dilemma: on the one hand, racy may widely diverge. The Western political power as well as a mode of governance practice. The research many actors believe that cooperation between democratic liberal understanding of democracy is objective is to combine normative reflections with the development sovereigns guarantees more sustainable results because therefore only one interpretation whose of analytical frameworks to study this challenging question by way of common political practices (diplomatic negotiations), practical implementation may be used of empirical research. Understanding the different perceptions and mutual trust and similar cultural backgrounds. Accord- to justify Western politics in »problem- cultural imaginations of democracy requires an analysis of the politics ingly, the key to enable global cooperation would require atic situations« of global cooperation, of legitimation – the interplay between justification and critique in improving the quality of democratic institutions (EU). On thus becoming an obstacle instead of a political life – in transnational conflicts of global cooperation. The un- the other hand the persistence of international negotia- solution. derlying premise is that global politics can be understood as a struggle tion struggles (e.g. climate policy) and Western interven- for legitimacy claims in different cultural contexts. The researchers tion policies demonstrate that in many cases democratic Research Dimensions in the unit investigate the politics of legitimation in focusing on three governments neglect mutual agreements and interpret The research unit will analyse these core transnational policy issue areas: 1) the global financial crisis/the Euro- rules of international law according to their own ideas. questions by focusing on the following pean sovereign debt crisis, 2) climate policy and 3) Western interven- Furthermore, the resistance of authoritarian regimes to three interlinked research dimensions: tionism. The research is organized by two guiding questions: democratize, in a way Western governments would prefer it, can even intensify the problems of global cooperation. 1) Post-national Democracy and Which role does democracy play as a normative concept as well as Politics of Legitimation a mode of governance practice in the field of global cooperation? In a nutshell, the main argument of the research unit is 2) Narratives of Democratisation Which normative patterns, cultural narratives and practices of justi- that the reconstruction of legitimacy claims in a cultur- in a Culturally Diverging World fication can be observed in these highly controversial policy fields? ally differentiated world uncovers the ambiguity of the 3) Democratic Interventionism and concept of democracy. To tackle these questions in a Local Legitimacy The research programme follows the contemporary debates in political theoretically and methodologically adequate way, re- science and other social science disciplines to avoid essentialist under- searchers have to take this into consideration. Neverthe- standings of both democracy and culture. In our understanding, less, the concept of democracy remains a crucial category thinking within a framework of transnational politics requires the for studying cooperation problems in world politics. While overcoming of the traditionally assumed causal relationship be- democracy as a mode of governance practice is rather tween nation states and cultural homogeneity. While the paradigm of a technical question of public administration and organi- Workshop “Rethinking the Westphalian Frame:

Prof. David Chandler (PhD) Dr. Hung-Jen Wang The Changing Nature of Claims to Legitimacy and Senior Fellow Postdoc Fellow Justice in Transnational Politics” 45 Democracy and the Shift Chinese Perspectives Peters (Peace Research Institute Frank- to the Social on Global Governance furt). At the second session this methodologically oriented debate was followed 44 David Chandler, Professor of International Relations at Concepts by a conceptual reflection on how to un- the University of Westminster, joined the Centre in Oc- derstand democratic legitimacy in terms tober 2012 as Senior Fellow. His fellowship in Research Dr. Hung-Jen Wang joined Research Unit 4 in September of procedural performance. In this re- Unit 4 will last nine months until June 2013. 2012 as a Postdoc Fellow, after finishing his PhD at the gard, Daniel Gaus and Christopher Lord Chandler’s work is dedicated to discovering in a broad European Research Centre on Contemporary Taiwan at (ARENA, Oslo) focused on the useful- perspective the mere essentials of democracy and de- the University of Tübingen. His fellowship will last for ness of the distinction between input mocratization with respect to the specific challenges one year until the end of August 2013. and output-legitimacy regarding the idea of globalization and the 21st century. His research pro- During his fellowship at the Centre Wang’s research of transnational democracy. At the third ject is entitled “Democracy and the Shift to the Social”. focuses on China’s rising role in world politics under On February 7, 2013 Research Unit 4 “Paradoxes and Perspectives of session Holger Niemann (University of This change from understanding democracy as a formal two aspects: (1) Chinese perspectives on global govern- Democratisation” in cooperation with Research Unit 3 “Global Govern- Duisburg-Essen) presented a hermeneu- political attribute to considering it a social or societal ance concepts; and (2) Chinese legitimacy strategies in ance Revisited” hosted an international workshop that discussed tical empirical analysis of the nature attribute shifts the problem of democracy to the social justifying their rule of order. Wang analyses examples, new theoretical developments and key empirical issues regarding the of legitimacy claims in the context of UN level. As a social problem the resolution seems to be such as the conflict between the Chinese government’s legitimacy and justice of global politics. Staff members and fellows Security Council meetings. In the after- much more problematic, as social processes are less claims that it is pursuing the goal of universal harmony of the Centre, joined by researchers of the University of Duisburg- noon, at the fourth session Christopher transparent and less open to direct policy intervention. versus its actual policies regarding Sudan, North Korea, Essen and international guests, participated in the workshop that Bickerton (SciencesPo, Paris) elaborated In effect, the problem of democracy becomes de-mate- Libya, and Myanmar. He addresses inconsistencies from took place at the Centre. on the changing nature of states in a rialized, reduced to internal, invisible, non-measureable a Chinese perspective, including questions regarding globalizing world, from nation-states relations and attributes or civic ethos. To study this Chinese policies in light of the logic of power politics Current political science debates are influenced by a paradigm shift to member-states. In his view, growing shift to the social, David Chandler proposed three and analysing why the country is not being more proac- which may be called a “rethinking of the Westphalian frame”. A grow- involvement in transnational relations analytical frameworks focusing on the shift from top- tive as a “responsible” leader in global affairs. Hung- ing fragmentation and pluralisation of politics since the second half transforms the character of formerly down institutionalism, on globalization and reflections Jen Wang’s project of a detailed analysis of China’s of the 20th century, often described by the term ‘globalisation’, has sovereign nation-states into states as of domestic political understandings of democracy and current approach, perspective, and global governance led to a critical reflection of this Westphalian mindset of politics. In mutually controlling members of inter- on issues of participation, empowerment and a world style makes an important contribution to the work addition to the growing variety of relevant actors in global politics and transnational regimes. Finally at without political goals. of Research Unit 4 on “Paradoxes and Perspectives of besides states (for example NGOs, international organisations like the fifth session, David Chandler (Senior During his fellowship Chandler finished two articles on Democratization”. UN and WTO, private corporations etc.), there also seems to be a Fellow, KHK / GCR21) reflected upon a “Post-Humanist Challenges to Freedom and Necessity” As a Postdoc Fellow at the Centre, Wang has published change of the basic views and norms by which we understand and changed understanding of responsibility and “Peacebuilding and the Politics of Non-Linearity” two articles on “Liberalism and National Identity in Tai- evaluate global politics and, related to that, a change in how legiti- in the context of intervention policies and two working papers on changes of the public and on wan” and on the issue of a Chinese International Rela- macy claims are made in global politics. that he described as a new form of pa- “Responsibility and Judgment in a World of Complexity”. tions Theory. In addition, he presented a working paper ternalism in global governance. Furthermore he held the third Käte Hamburger Lecture on “China’s Rise and Global Governance” and finished After Daniel Gaus (Fellow, KHK / GCR21) and Frank Gadinger (Head of on “Democracy, Visibility and Resistance” on February a second working paper on “Implications of China’s Call Research Unit 4, KHK / GCR21) introduced the topic of the workshop The workshop was closed by a joint 6th and will host a two-day workshop on “Rethinking for ‘Discourse Power’”. the first session discussed the issue of how to research legitimacy in discussion. Governance in a World of Complexity” in June. today’s international relations, based on a paper presented by Dirk Cherries on the Cake: Selected Events 46 4

47 Chances for Global Cooperation in the 21st Century Inauguration Ceremony of Käte Hamburger Kolleg / Centre for Global Cooperation Research 30 October 2012, Museum Küppersmühle, Duisburg

significance for Duisburg as well as for the wider world. The Centre, he said, was a beacon for the city, with its population drawn from 140 different nations.

Following the welcoming addresses, three keynote speakers outlined the work of the Centre, from its basic research this kind of behaviour can be honed and incorporated into relevant through to the practical implications processes. of its findings in the context of political- cultural difference. In Keynote Speech III, renowned contemporary legal scholar Profes- 49 First KHK / GCR21 Conference: sor Upendra Baxi discussed the changing global world order and the broad spectrum - public awareness In Keynote Speech I, working from a perspective from India, underlining in particular the importance For its opening ceremony, the Centre for Global Cooperation Research cognitive-science perspective, Dr Daniel of justice. chose as its main theme the question that lies at the heart of its in- Haun of the Max Planck Institute for Psy- vestigative activity: How do we achieve global cooperation in dealing cholinguistics and Max Planck Institute The ceremony concluded with two round-table discussions focusing 48 with the central challenges of the 21st century? Prominent figures for Evolutionary Anthropology, consid- on selected problems of global cooperation. Participants included from academia, politics, and government were invited to give their ered to what extent collaborative action Centre directors and international guests. Round Table I compared views on this complex, multi-faceted issue. is intrinsic to human beings. He conced- the concept of civil society as it exists in Western traditions with ed that humans were selfish and power- socio-political developments in the Near and Middle East. Those In his introductory remarks, the President of the University of Duisburg- hungry but, drawing on various stud- taking part were: Professor Claus Leggewie, Co-director of the Essen, Professor Ulrich Radtke underlined the Centre’s importance to ies into apes and children, offered his Centre; Abdolkarim Soroush, philosopher and leading Iranian liberal the University, particularly as a forum for international research that audience vivid proof of the way in which thinker; and Dr Navid Kermani, writer and orientalist. Taking part embodied the University motto: ‘Open-Minded’. Ulrich Schüller, Head cooperative behaviour is also deeply in Round Table II was Professor Angelika Nußberger, judge at the of Science Systems at the German Ministry of Education and Research, rooted in human nature. Given that this European Court of Human Rights. The debate focused on the role spoke of the Centre’s success in coming through an ambitious selection- was so, it made sense to ask under what of international justice in ‘the community of states and the realm of round and topping a list of twenty candidates in the ‘Freedom for conditions global cooperation fails. societies’. In discussion with Professor Dirk Messner, Co-director of Research in the Humanties’ programme – an initiative that supports the Centre, and Professor Debiel, Professor Nußberger clarified vari- interdisciplinary research and the internationalization of humanities- Dr Gunter Pleuger, President of the ous judgments delivered by the international courts and described research in Germany. Helmut Dockter, Secretary of State for Innovation, European University Viadrina, drew their impact on the development of national law. She explained that Science and Research in North Rhine-Westphalia, also welcomed on his experience as former German the Court, comprising 27 member countries with populations totalling the advent of the Centre as an innovative, interdisciplinary body, and ambassador to the United Nations to around 800 million, could provide direction on human rights develop- underlined the importance of its research in the face of global chal- argue, in Keynote Speech II, that global ment but that acceptance of its standards by member states varied. lenges that could only be resolved through cooperation. Secretary of challenges call for cooperation and that The participants also discussed how the administration of justice State Dockter concluded his remarks by pointing to the fact that, having the 21st century might even be called could promote or hamper the solution of global problems. secured support for a total of four Käte Hamburger Kollegs, North the century of cooperation. Taking a Rhine-Westphalia was now a considerable magnet for international practitioner’s point of view, he asked at research. Last to speak in the introductory round was Sören Link, what point particular interests can turn Mayor of Duisburg. Global crises, he said, also manifested themselves the idea of cooperation into actual com- at local level. Research into global cooperation was therefore of mitment in diplomatic practice and how Cooperation for a Green Transformation agreed that new approaches needed to be instituted at several levels the solutions needed for green transfor- 51 In cooperation with the Desertec Foundation so that those concerned could acquire the capabilities necessary to mation were already available, he said, 28 June 2012, Duisburger Hof, Duisburg manage the transformation. Cooperation between Europe and the their implementation was blocked by MENA region could, she said, benefit from policy-dialogues of the resistance at various societal and politi- The aims of the workshop were to explore the need for intensified co- kind which the European Union had set up between China and India. cal levels. Professor Claus Leggewie, operation on low-carbon development in the key areas of energy and Co-director of KHK / GCR21, considered food-production, to identify the strategies and options for realizing Responding to audience scepticism regarding the ability of politics to the issues from a Gramscian perspective: such cooperation, and to clarify patterns of action that might acceler- foster green transformation, Professor El-Hamaki said she believed we were observing a process in which ate overall transformation towards sustainability. it would be global investors who would lead the way to low-carbon the old world was fading and a new Opening the workshop, Professor Dirk Messner, Co-director of KHK / energy-solutions. Both the panel and the members of the audience world has yet to be established, but that GCR21, pointed to the fact that this new ‘Great Transformation’ chal- pointed to the need for new thinking on the demand-side of the energy- old word was still exerting its power lenged common thinking about wealth-creation within planetary market – where, they said, awareness had still to be raised and people (discourse) on current societal and politi- boundaries and about the relationships between local, national, had yet to be convinced to pay more for renewable energy. During the cal processes. What might be done to regional, and global levels. The difficulties of achieving a global discussion, it also became clear that the Desertec initiative’s objec- accelerate transformation-processes? agenda for a green transformation have been exemplified during tives, which in some cases are potentially conflicting, are not always Professor Grins argued for a process the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20) clearly delineated. of continual ‘small steps’ involving the in Rio de Janeiro. small-scale implementation of ‘promis- Panel 2: Green food production for a growing world population ing practices’ that would eventually In his introductory remarks, Dr Gerhard Knies (Desertec Foundation) The second panel, introduced by Professor Joachim von Braun (Centre lead to large-scale global transforma- gave an account of the ‘Desertec Concept’. He stressed the need to for Development Research, ZEF), examined the role of the agricultural tion. The identification of ‘promising move beyond the paradigm of national sovereignty and towards an sector in the water-food-security-energy ‘nexus’. Dr Annette Freibau- practices’ and the problem of how to over-arching concept of what he termed ‘humankind security’. Supra- er (Von Thünen Institute, vTI) identified two different narratives in implement them proved a major topic of national organizations should establish appropriate long-term strate- the discourse on global food security: the ‘productivity narrative’, discussion amongst participants. Profes- gies, he said, and the creation of new alliances was crucial for enhanc- focusing on growth on the supply-side; and the ‘sufficiency narrative’, sor Grins thought that ‘pivotal players’ ing global cooperation. focusing more on the demand-side. The panel broadly agreed that the and ‘agents of change’ would initiate the issue of food security could not be tackled from the supply side alone, transformation by addressing the de- Panel 1: Low-carbon energy solutions: but Professor von Braun challenged this consensus, pointing out that mands of society. Dr Knies and Professor Cooperation between Europe and Africa low levels of agricultural production in developing countries was a Leggewie pointed out that the Desertec Solar energy is one of the most promising of the renewables, particu- major factor in food shortages. EU agricultural subsidies were felt by initiative could serve as just such a ‘pivotal larly when harnessed in the deserts. This was the central argument the panel to be a major obstacle to the new global agenda on food player’, in its present area of operations advanced by Professor Michael Düren (Desertec Foundation and the production and Martin Kaiser (Greenpeace) pointed out that current and elsewhere, moving beyond the para- University of Gießen) on the first workshop-panel, which brought patterns of consumption were reinforced by the availability of heavily digm of national sovereignty. Professor together perspectives from economics, physics, development policy, subsidized products. Summing up, Dr Margret Thalwitz (Oxford Uni- Leggewie also considered the role of and the private sector. Professor Düren outlined the potential ben- versity and the German Development Institute) asked whether it was Desertec and the cooperation between efits of the Desertec initiative, not just in terms of low-carbon energy- at all possible to base a comprehensive approach to green transforma- the EU and MENA in the context of the An international KHK / GCR21 solutions, but also for the prospects it offered of cooperation between tion on current governance-structures, particularly as the traditional overall role of sub-global alliances and Workshop to identify fields Europe and the MENA (Middle East and North African) region. He also understanding of productivity was no longer sufficient to address urged support for a new, broadly based 50 of a global agenda pointed to the advantages it would bring in terms of moving global today’s pressing global challenges and highly complex structures. ‘Peace and Development Project’ for cooperation on from the sort of power-play that had so far been ex- the Mediterranean, centring on common hibited in cooperation on nuclear energy. Professor Yomn El-Hamaki Panel 3: Envisioning the global green transformation (inter-)regional problems. Professor (Economic Committee of Egypt) underlined the potential of renew- The last panel addressed the challenges for global cooperation in El-Hamaki, meanwhile, observed that able energies to become catalysts for development and regional managing the Great Transformation that lay ahead. The conditions despite this promising vision, conflicting cooperation. At the same time, she said, the Desertec initiative was and processes involved in bringing about societal transformation interests within the EU dampened pros- strongly donor-driven and true win–win situations had therefore yet towards sustainability were outlined by Professor John Grin (Amster- pects for inter-regional cooperation. to be fostered. Dr Georgeta Vidican (German Development Institute) dam Institute for Social Science Research, AISSR). Although some of Cases of Successful Cooperation (1) – Artistic Practice and Improvisation In cooperation with Ruhrtriennale 2012 and soloists, make-up artists, orchestra, and all the behind-the-scenes Essen, Bochum and Duisburg – 21–25 August 2012 helpers – present throughout the whole performance. A classical opera was systematically deconstructed. Cage and Goebbels had provided Moderation: Claus Leggewie, Alexandra Przyrembel, the workshop-participants with a cue for their future deliberations – one Sibylle Peters, Jörg Bergmann for which Claus Leggewie, Director of the KWI and Co-director of the Centre for Global Cooperation Research, later coined the term ‘com- 52 The workshop ‘Cases of Successful Cooperation (1) – munity of practice’. ‘Only through a permanent reappraisal of the Artistic Practice and Improvisation’ was a summer- situational can we come to an understanding of the bigger picture school-style event hosted by the Centre for Global and at the same time identify the points at which there is enough give Cooperation Research in conjunction with the Institute to permit change’, said Leggewie. In a broader sweep, Dirk Messner, for Advanced Study in the Humanities (KWI). Using an Director of the German Development Institute and Co-director of the innovative experimental approach, participants at- Centre for Global Cooperation Research, drew a comparison with the tended various forms of artistic presentation occurring climate change negotiations in Rio and said it was a challenge to try within the framework of the Ruhrtriennale – an annual to minimize what were often morally charged discourses about arts and music festival with a three-year thematic cycle – general issues by adopting a phenomenological and anthropological proaches to particular issues – could be 53 analysed them for cooperative content, and looked for perspective. ‘Such an approach is needed in order to deconstruct the experienced as productive when viewed ways of transferring various forms of artistic coopera- problem of all-pervasive culturalism’, he said. The different levels rep- from this perspective. tion and improvisation to specific scenarios and fields resented in Cage’s opera pointed up ‘processes of order-formation’ of academic research. The workshop brought together that were relevant in this regard, as well as allowing us a glimpse of In a very practical session of the pro- a large number of the Centre’s staff and fellows, ‘structural principles that would otherwise remain hidden’. gramme on 23 August, workshop partici- enabling the Centre’s main focus – cooperation – to be pants were given access to rehearsals subjected to interdisciplinary analysis, with extremely A visit to the ’12 Rooms’ exhibition at the Folkwang Museum in Essen for the opera ‘Prometheus’ and were valuable input from theatre-studies scholars such as: on 22 August was equally productive. Awaiting the visitor in twelve thus able to appreciate what the daily Sybille Peters (head of the ‘Research Theatre’ pro- individual rooms were twelve conceptual artworks featuring as operations associated with a large-scale gramme at the Fundus Theatre in Hamburg and associ- their central object live human beings. For the visitor, this brought project of this kind involve. Participants ate member of the Center for Media and Interactivity a fundamental change in role and perspective, breaking down as were able to observe the daily realities – at the Justus Liebig University, Giessen); Kai van Eikels it did the usual rigid, passive attitude of the observer. Because the not only, and most obviously, of all the (Institute for Theatre Studies, Free University of familiar observer-perspective was disrupted, the visitor was forced individual elements that made up the Berlin); and Annemarie Matzke (Professor of Experi- to re-evaluate the familiar surroundings of the museum, whilst art- whole, but also, as previously, of the A KHK / GCR21 Workshop negotiating mental Forms of Contemporary Theatre at the Univer- object and observer were placed in what amounted to a cooperative ‘community of practice’. ‘Substructures non-academic practice sity of Hildesheim). relationship with one another. This triggered an automatic process of came to light as result of minor dis- self-positioning and ‘object-conscious behaviour’ which, given that the ruptions [of a kind that would not be The workshop’s first outing, on 21 August, was to a observed object might at any time turn towards the observer and re- tolerated in many areas of life]’, com- performance of John Cage’s opera ‘Europeras 1 and quire a reaction, intensified the observer’s experience of, and reflec- mented sociologists Jörg Bergmann and 2’ at the Jahrhunderthalle in Bochum. This provided tion on, their own emotional perceptions. This reciprocally referential Jörg Potthast: ‘Disruptions are usually the group with a wealth of inspiration and illustrative situation created – at least in the observer – a cooperative attitude normalized out of existence’, they said, material. Staged by the Ruhrtriennale’s chief artistic towards the (art-)object of a kind that he or she could not have and yet these very disruptions can trig- director, Heiner Goebbels, the Bochum production jux- towards, for example, a picture. This suggests that such forms of ‘dis- ger new ways of finding meaning. Most taposed the various elements and levels of European ruption’ of familiar modes of perception may be viewed as productive importantly, however, they provide opera, seen from different perspectives and in time- and as tending to modify individual behaviour. This proved of inter- insights into the overall nature and sub- lapse-like sequence. This created the impression of est in relation to international negotiations such as those on climate, stance of the matter at issue. having every facet of European opera – scenery, chorus given that the ‘alien’ factor – in other words culturally divergent ap- Beyond 2015: Pogge argued that, because of globalization and the where rulers accrue large debts for purposes not 55 Getting Serious about Global Justice rapid emergence of a supranational architecture of approved by, or beneficial to, that population rules and regulations that place a question mark over 7. Mechanisms to ensure that massive outflows of 2nd Käte Hamburger Lecture with Prof. Thomas Pogge, human rights, we now find ourselves at a stage where natural resources benefit the population 6 December 2012, Duisburger Hof, Duisburg a lack of democracy, transparency, and accountability 8. Measures to make pharmaceutical innovation affor- has made effective lobbying an easy task for the stron- dable and establishment of a Health Impact Fund 54 The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) will not expire until 2015, but consultations gest contenders. The main supranational institutional on them have already begun. In the second Käte Hamburger Lecture, organized jointly constraints affecting the poor, he said, were: Responding to Pogge’s explicit criticisms of World Bank by the Centre for Global Cooperation Research and the Development and Peace Founda- strategy, Margret Thalwitz, Senior Fellow at the Centre tion (SEF), Professor Thomas Pogge spoke about new approaches for achieving global protectionism (in the form of subsidies) for Global Cooperation Research and long-time mem- justice beyond 2015. rules on pollution (absence of) ber of the World Bank staff, said she took these on pharmaceuticals (unaffordable, unobtainable) board and asked how the new global taxes and global illicit financial flows institutions set up to deliver the required revenues labour standards (absence of at the global level) could be protected against the kinds of influences that privileges had prevailed in the institutions we have today. The the arms trade (which keep oppressive regimes same capitalist market-system would, after all, be in in power) place. Pogge proposed new approaches in other areas as well. A conference he was organizing in China aimed, Although the Millennium Development Goals had focused he said, to avoid the usual denunciation of the govern- attention on the acute deprivation that continued to ment and instead ask what China could contribute, in be suffered by poor people worldwide, their impact its own voice, to the global moral discourse. had been diminished by a lack of clearly assigned tasks and responsibilities. Pogge said he saw the goals more Professor Jan Aart Scholte, Senior Fellow at the Centre as a free-floating wish-list in which there was no clear and probably the leading expert of the day on matters allocation of responsibilities and in which the poorest concerning the democratic structuring of globalization, A Käte Hamburger Lecture: countries bore the greatest burdens. The successors to suggested that what might cause the global discourse Presenting outstanding views and There are currently over 7 billion people living in the world. the MDGs when they expire in 2015 should, said Pogge, about the implementation of democratic structures to results to the broader public Many of them are suffering acute deprivation as a result ensure that the affluent and powerful countries are al- fail was not so much a lack of willingness to sit round a of poverty. Over the last few years, attention has often lotted more responsibilities of a kind that entail specific table at international conferences but rather prior deci- focused on the relative level of this deprivation. In Thomas obligations. sions about the rules which discussions were to follow Pogge’s view, this is morally irrelevant. What really mat- at such conferences. ters is whether the deprivation is avoidable. The fight As goals for institutional reform post-2015, Professor against global poverty, he believes, would make better Pogge suggested the following: progress if, instead of striving for global growth, we made efforts to reduce the growing gap in incomes. 1. Abolition of/compensation for protectionist trade- This was one of the key messages put forward by Profes- barriers sor Pogge, Leitner Professor of Philosophy and Internati- 2. Compensation for those most vulnerable to polluti- onal Affairs at Yale University, in his lecture. Addressing on and climate change a distinguished and highly motivated audience, Pogge 3. At the very least (given the probable impossibility of gave an account of the unequal distribution of the world’s abolishing them) charges/taxes on arms-exports to income. From 1988 to 2005, he said, worldwide growth developing countries in income had been concentrated amongst the wealthiest 4. Minimum levels of tax on profits for all multinatio- 5 per cent of the global population, who together com- nal corporations manded an income greater than that of half the world’s 5. Abolition of secret bank-accounts population put together. 6. Freedom from liability for populations in cases 57

56 Documentation Käte Hamburger Lectures Events*

1st Käte Hamburger Lecture: The Centre seeks to communicate its findings to, and Preparation Workshops Timothy Garton Ash promote discussion within, the academic community Can (and Should) There Be Global Norms and the wider public. In addition to the ‘Käte Ham- for Freedom of Expression? burger Dialogues’, it sponsors the ‘Käte Hamburger In preparation for the launch of the Centre, the three participating Is the World the Limit? 11 June 2012 Lectures’, a series of public lectures given by re- institutions – the German Development Institute (DIE), the Institute Human Cooperative Bias and the Essen, KWI nowned research fellows from the Centre and other for Development and Peace (INEF), and the Institute for Advanced Possibilities for Global Cooperation outstanding academics. These forums give interested Study in the Humanities (KWI) – organized a series of workshops, 13 September 2011 2nd Käte Hamburger Lecture: audiences the opportunity to discuss the Centre’s key supported by the main research area ‘Transformation of Contempo- Bonn, DIE Thomas Pogge research areas in depth with experts. rary Societies’ of the University of Duisburg-Essen. The aim of the Beyond 2015: Getting Serious about workshops was to bring together internationally renowned experts, Culture, Cooperation, Creativity: Global Justice colleagues from the three participating institutions and the Univer- On Global Cultural Conflicts and 6 December 2012 sity, and other partners, in order to discuss selected areas of the Transcultural Cooperation Duisburg, Grand City Hotel Duisburger Hof Centre’s research agenda. 11 October 2011 Essen, KWI 3rd Käte Hamburger Lecture: David Chandler Global Governance revisited: Democracy, Visibility and Resistance Normative-Cultural Claims and 6 February 2013 Problems of Legitimacy in Internation- Duisburg, Gerhard-Mercator-Haus al Negotiation Arenas 5–6 December 2011 Duisburg, Gerhard-Mercator-Haus Workshops 59 58 Conferences

The Centre’s international workshops Free Speech in a Multicultural World: The first of three conferences to mark provide platforms at which guest speakers, Law, the Internet and Civil Self-regula- the inaugural, mid-term, and concluding panellists, and interested academics and tion of Dissent stages of the programme took place in practitioners can engage in intensive discus- 11–12 June 2012 October 2012. These conferences are sion of particular research topics. Essen, KWI aimed at international research fellows, The workshops offer participants vital op- the academic community as a whole, portunities to strengthen networks within Cooperation for a Green Transformation and interested members of the public. Inaugural Conference of the Käte Hamburger Kolleg / their research areas. 28 June 2012 Centre for Global Cooperation Research Duisburg, Grand City Hotel Duisburger Hof Chances for Global Cooperation in the 21st Century Organized in cooperation with the De- 30 October 2012 sertec Foundation Duisburg, Museum Küppersmühle Examples of Successful Cooperation (1) – Artistic Practice and Improvisation 21–25 August 2012 * reporting period February 2012 to March 2013 Essen, Bochum and Duisburg (Preparation Workshops excepted) Organized in cooperation with the KWI and Unless otherwise specified, all events are organized by the the Ruhrtriennale Käte Hamburger Kolleg / Centre for Global Cooperation Research InHouse & Guests

The Basis of India‘s Foreign and Security Policy – The Future of Social Interaction: Globalization, ‘InHouse & Guests’ workshops are Notions of Justice Rethinking the Westphalian Frame A Messy but Resilient Melting-pot (glob) Artificial Intelligence and Dementia Society (coop) organized by the Centre’s research in Global Cooperation 7 February 2013 22 January 2013 26 Febuary 2013 units and fellows. They tie in particu- A Workshop with Thomas Pogge Organized by Dr Daniel Gaus and Re- Prof. Herbert Wulf PD Dr Christian Meyer larly closely with the central aims of 6 December 2012 search Unit 4 the Käte Hamburger Kolleg as a whole, Organized by Research Unit 3 Democracy in its ‘Third Transformation’ – Exploring Modern Communications Technologies and the Ex- affording individuals the freedom to Concepts of Culture the Meaning, Scope and Limits of Democracy and tension of the Territory of Struggle: Conceptualizing engage in research and supporting Global Collaboration and 20 February 2013 Democratization in a Pluri-cultural World (legi) Tunisia’s Jasmine Revolution (glob) in-depth exchange and interdisciplinary Negotiations: Case Studies in Organized by PD Dr Christian Meyer 5 Febuary 2013 12 March 2013 discussion among fellows and (inter) Cultural Difference and Dr. des. Frank Gadinger, Head of Dr Peter Thiery Mathieu Rousselin national experts on particular issues in 11 December 2012 Research Unit 4 Chinese Perspectives on Global Governance (glob) their field. Organized by PD Dr Christian 19 Febuary 2013 The Rule of the Project: Practices of Justification in Meyer and Research Unit 2 Entangled Categories? Shame, Moral Dr Hung-Jen Wang Times of Global Economic Crisis (legi) Sentiments and the Visual 19 March 2013 Responsibility and Judgement 5 March 2013 Dr. des. Frank Gadinger/Taylan Yildiz in a World of Complexity Organized by PD Dr Christian Meyer, 4 February 2013 PD Dr Alexandra Przyrembel, Head of Organized by Research Unit 4 in Research Unit 2, and Dr. des. Frank Other Events cooperation with the INEF Gadinger, Head of Research Unit 4 Presidential War Power 61 Especially in its early phase, there is a great interest at the Centre Lecture and discussion with Louis Fisher 60 Research Colloquium to link it with other institutions and establish networks with other 14 May 2012 stakeholders in the respective area of expertise. Being involved Duisburg, University of Duisburg-Essen in the organization of some events with relevant other institutions Organized in cooperation with Amerika Haus The research colloquium is the intel- Legitimacy and Justice Latin American Perspectives supports the Centre’s radiance. Nordrhein-Westfalen lectual meeting point where fellows in Global Governance (legi) on Global Governance (glob) and colleagues of the Centre present 9 October 2012 27 November 2012 Improving the EU’s Capabilities to Prevent and discuss current research projects, Dr Dirk Peters Prof. Enrique Saravia Mass Atrocities papers, and findings in a productive, Democracy and the Shift to the 19 November 2012 interdisciplinary environment. The Seizing Power or Ducking for Social (legi) Berlin, German Institute for International topic for each session falls under one Cover – Emerging Powers at 11 December 2012 and Security Affairs (SWP) of three key rubrics of the Centre’s the UN (coop) Prof. David Chandler Organized in cooperation with the INEF, research programme: 23 October 2012 the SWP, and the Foundation for the Inter- Dr Silke Weinlich (co-authored From Dusk till Dawn: Habermas’s national Prevention of Genocide and Mass Cooperation/Culture/Gift exchange with Thomas Fues) Account of Democracy and the Post- Atrocities (coop) national Constellation (legi) Legitimacy/Democracy/Justice (legi) Global Governance vs. Empire 18 December 2012 Planned Event-Formats Political Narratives Global Governance/Case studies/ – Heterarchy and Hierarchy in Dr Daniel Gaus 23 November 2012 Other perspectives (glob) World Politics (glob) Käte Hamburger Dialogues Duisburg, NRW School of Governance 13 November 2012 Transcultural Constructions of Masterclass Retreats Organized in cooperation with the NRW Dr Rainer Baumann (co-authored Global Legitimacy (legi/glob) Practitioner Seminars School of Governance and supported by the with Klaus Dingwerth) 8 January 2013 main research area ‘Transformation of Prof. Jan Aart Scholte Contemporary Societies’, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Duisburg-Essen Publications* Böckenförde, Markus/Sabsay, Daniel A. 2013: Supra- Brown, Stephen 2013: Still a Bumpy Road: The Mul- 63 national Organizations and their Impact on National tiple Challenges of External Democracy Promotion Constitutions, in: Tushnet, Mark/Fleiner, Thomas/ (Development and Peace Foundation; Global Govern- Saunders, Cheryl (Eds.): Routledge Handbook of Con- ance Spotlight), Bonn. A stitutional Law, Oxford, 469–483. Brown, Stephen 2013: Killing CIDA: The Wrong Solu- Brassett, James/Harrison, James/MacDonald, Mal- tion to Real Problems (Blog of the Centre for Interna- Ahlert, Marlies 2013: Gerechtigkeit beim Verteilen Ahlert, Marlies/Funke, Katja/Schwettmann, Lars 2013: colm/Rethel, Lena/Scholte, Jan A. 2013: Global Rules, tional Policy Studies, University of Ottawa, 25 March knapper Gesundheitsressourcen – Gesundheitsökono- Thresholds, Productivity and Context: An Experimen- Local Rulers: Reflections and Suggestions for the 2013), Ottawa. mische Perspektive, in: Duttge, Gunnar/Zimmermann- tal Study on Determinants of Distributive Behavior, in: Carnegie UK Trust, Dunfermline. Acklin, Markus (Eds.): Gerecht sorgen – Verständi- Social Choice and Welfare 40, 957–984. Brown, Stephen forthcoming 2013: Canadian Aid to gungsprozesse über den Einsatz knapper Ressourcen Brown, Stephen 2013: Democracy Promotion in Africa, in: Samy, Yiagadeesen/Medhora, Rohinton bei Patienten am Lebensende, Göttingen, 77–90. Ahlert, Marlies/Kliemt, Hartmut 2013: Unverrechen- Africa, in: Cheeseman, Nic/Anderson, David M./Schei- (Eds.): Canada Among Nations 2013 – Canada-Africa bare Werte, verrechnende Prioritäten, in: Schmitz- bler, Andrea (Eds.): Routledge Handbook of African Relations: Looking Back, Looking Ahead, Waterloo. Ahlert, Marlies/Breyer, Friedrich/Schwettmann, Lars Luhn, Björn/Bohmeier, André (Eds.): Priorisierung in Politics, London. 2013: What You Ask is What You Get: Willingness-to- der Medizin, 231–243. Pay for a QALY in Germany (CESifo: Working Papers). C

B Chandler, David 2013: Peacebuilding and the Politics of Non-Linearity: Rethinking “Hidden” Agency and “Resistance”, in: Peacebuilding 1: 1, 17–32. 62 Baumann, Rainer forthcoming 2013: Konstruktivis- Böckenförde, Markus 2012: Die Einbindung der mus, in: Fischer-Lescano, Andreas/Mayer, Peter (Eds.): Bevölkerung in Verfassungsänderungsprozessen – ein Chandler, David forthcoming 2013: The World of At- Transformation von Recht und Politik globaler Sicher- Überblick, in: Hestermeyer, Holger P. (Ed.): Coexist- tachment? The Post-Humanist Challenge to Freedom heit, Frankfurt am Main; New York. ence, Cooperation and Solidarity, Leiden, 1107–1123. and Necessity, in: Millennium: Journal of International Studies 41, Special Issue: Materialism and World Baumann, Rainer/Debiel, Tobias 2012: Cooperation Böckenförde, Markus 2012: Legal Pluralism and Politics. in World Society – Effective and Legitimate? (German Constitutional Reform Processes: Challenges for D Development Institute: The Current Column of 23 Mozambique: State and Non-State Public Safety and April 2012), Bonn; Duisburg. Justice Provisions – The Dynamics of Legal Pluralism in Mozambique (CESAB, Maputo), 50–65. Debiel, Tobias 2012: Prekäre Schutzversprechen – Wie Debiel, Tobias/Hippler, Jochen/Roth, Michèle (Eds.) Baumann, Rainer/Dingwerth, Klaus 2012: Global Gov- normative Fortschritte zu politischen Fallstricken 2012: Global Trends 2013. Peace, Development, Envi- ernance vs Empire. Assessing Claims on Heterarchy Böckenförde, Markus 2012: Prozesse fördern, nicht werden können, in: Brzoska, Michael/Debiel, Tobias/ ronment (translated by Hillary Crowe), Bonn. and Hierarchy in World Order. Working Paper present- nur Produkte fordern: Demokratie und Menschenre- Mehler, Andreas/Haedrich, Martina (Eds.): Interven- ed at the Centre for Global Cooperation Research on chte in der deutschen Außenpolitik, in: Aus Politik und tionen zum Schutz der Zivilbevölkerung? Heraus- Debiel, Tobias/Roth, Michèle/Ulbert, Cornelia 2012: 13 November 2012, Duisburg. Zeitgeschichte 10, 40–46. forderungen und Dilemmata in Zeiten der Responsi- Global Governance Under Pressure: Trends and Out- bility to Protect (RtoP). Parliamentary Evening of the look, in: Debiel, Tobias/Hippler, Jochen/Roth, Michèle Baumann, Rainer/Stengel, Frank forthcoming 2013: German Foundation for Peace Research on 20 Sep- (Eds.): Global Trends 2013. Peace, Development, Envi- Foreign Policy Analysis, Globalisation, and Non-State tember 2011 in Berlin, Osnabrück. ronment, (translated by Hillary Crowe), Bonn, 11–23. Actors: State-Centric after all?, in: Journal of Interna- tional Relations and Development.

* reporting period 2/2012 – 3/2013, published or accepted for publication, related to current projects at the Centre G L

64 Gadinger, Frank/Büger, Christian forthcoming 2013: Gaus, Daniel forthcoming 2013: Qualität statt Par- Lahno, Bernd 2012: Simple Games of Information Leggewie, Claus 2012: Zukunft im Süden. Wie die Mit- Die Formalisierung der Informalität. Praxistheore- tizipation und Gleichheit? Eine Bemerkung zum epis- Transmission, in: Analyse und Kritik 34: 2, 315–338. telmeerunion Europa wiederbeleben kann, Hamburg. tische Überlegungen, in: Bröchler, Stephan/Grunden, temischen Sinn von Demokratie, in: Leviathan. Timo (Hrsg.): Informelle Politik. Konzepte, Akteure Leggewie, Claus 2012: Cultures of Cooperation (Ger- Leggewie, Claus/Zifonun, Darius/Lang, Anne/Siep- und Prozesse, Wiesbaden. Gaus, Daniel forthcoming 2013: Zwei Kontexte der man Development Institute: The Current Column of mann, Marcel/Hoppen, Johanna (Eds.) 2012: Schlüs- Rekonstruktion in politischer Theorie, in: Politische 12 March 2012), Bonn; Essen. selwerke der Kulturwissenschaften, Berlin. Gadinger, Frank/Yildiz, Taylan 2012: Unruhige Legiti- Vierteljahresschrift. mität. Die Finanzkrise aus Sicht der pragmatischen Leggewie, Claus 2012: For a Different uropeE of the Soziologie der Kritik, in: Daase, Christopher/Geis, Guarin, Alejandro/Messner, Dirk/Weinlich, Silke 2012: Regions (German Development Institute: The Current Anna/Nullmeier, Frank (Eds.): Der Aufstieg der Legiti- Cooperation is the Mother of all Things: What is stop- Column of 17 September 2012), Bonn; Essen. 65 mitätspolitik : Rechtfertigung und Kritik politisch- ping us from solving Globalisation Problems? (German ökonomischer Ordnungen, Baden-Baden, 302–318. Development Institute: The Current Column of 04 June 2012). Bonn; Duisburg. M Gaus, Daniel 2012: Die Dezentrierung der Demokratie. Neuere Beiträge zur Demokratietheorie, in: Zeitschrift für Politische Theorie 3: 2, 298–306. Messner, Dirk 2012: Die Globalisierung könnte Messner, Dirk 2012: Reconfiguring the World: A Look scheitern, in: Harnisch, Sebastian/Schmidt, Siegmar Back to the Future (German Development Institute: (Eds.): Auf Augenhöhe: 50 Jahre Bundesministerium The Current Column of 09 January 2012), Bonn. J für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung, Baden-Baden, 163–165. Messner, Dirk 2012: Rio+20 will soon be forgotten: But not the Paradigm of Sustainability (German De- Jackson, Edward/Smillie, Ian/Brown, Stephen 2013: Messner, Dirk 2012: Elinor Ostrom and James Walker: velopment Institute: The Current Column of 02 July Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Rights: A Trust and Reciprocity, in: Leggewie, Claus/Zifonun, 2012), Bonn. Call for Canadian Leadership (McLeod Group: Policy Darius/Lang, Anne/Siepmann, Marcel/Hoppen, Jo- Paper), Ottawa. hanna (Eds.): Schlüsselwerke der Kulturwissenschaf- Messner, Dirk 2012: Tektonische Machtverschie- ten, Berlin, 241–246. bungen: globaler Umweltwandel als Herausforderung Jackson, Edward/Smillie, Ian/Brown, Stephen 2013: für die Außenpolitik, in: Intern AA – Mitarbeiter- Translate Words into Deed in Fight for Gay Rights, in: Messner, Dirk 2012: Globale Ressourcenknappheiten zeitschrift des Auswärtigen Amts 10, 19. Embassy of 10 March 2013, Ottawa. und Erdsystemgrenzen im Anthropozän. Treiber, Lösungsansätze und Ambitionsniveaus der Transfor- Messner, Dirk 2012: How to move on from Rio? – mation zur Nachhaltigkeit, in: Reder, Michael/Pfeifer, Strengthening Investments in the Global Energy K Hanna (Eds.): Kampf um Ressourcen: Weltordnung Turnaround (Meinungsforum Entwicklungspolitik 9). zwischen Konkurrenz und Kooperation, Stuttgart, 138–158. Messner, Dirk 2013: Klimawandel und internationale Kurtenbach, Sabine/Wulf, Herbert 2012: Violence Gerechtigkeit (Warnsignal Klima, University of Ham- and Security Concerns in Post-Conflict Situations Messner, Dirk 2012: Interview: “Wir sollten ein Minis- burg). (Research and Advisory Project „Instruments and terium für globale Entwicklung schaffen”, in: Weltsi- Procedures of German Development Cooperation in chten 6, 8–9. Post-Conflict Situations“ – Project Working Paper 3), Duisburg. Messner, Dirk/Faust, Jörg 2012: Probleme globaler Messner, Dirk/Morgan, Jennifer 2013: Germany need S Entwicklung und die ministerielle Organisation der an Energy Transformation Foreign Policy (German Entwicklungspolitik, in: Zeitschrift für Außen- und Development Institute: The Current Column of 07 Sicherheitspolitik 2: 5, 165–176. January 2013). Saravia, Enrique 2012: Brazil as Development Coop- Saravia, Enrique forthcoming 2013: Public Adminis- erator, in: Chaturvedi, Sachin/Fues, Thomas/Sidiropou- trators Training in a Context of Regional Integration. Messner, Dirk/Leggewie, Claus 2012: Chronicle of a Messner, Dirk/Schellnhuber, Hans J./Rahmstorf, los, Elizabeth (Eds.): Development Cooperation and The Experience of the Inter-American School of Public Disaster foretold: How Climate Change is communi- Stefan/Klingenfeld, Daniel 2012: The Budget Ap- Emerging Powers, London; New York. Administration (EIAP), Getulio Vargas Foundation, in: cated – and why Global Warming must not exceed two proach: Solving the Climate Challenge, in: Koch, Hans- Journal of Public Affairs Education. Degrees, in: Edenhofer, Ottmar/Wallacher, Johannes/ Joachim/König, Doris/Sanden, Joachim/Verheyen, Saravia, Enrique 2012: Captação de recursos e parce- Lotze-Campen, Hermann/Reder, Michael/Knopf, Roda (Eds.): Climate Change and Environmental Haz- rias. Programa de capacitação em gestão de equi- Saravia, Enrique/Figale, Juliana/Pimenta, Roberto d. Brigitte/Müller, Johannes (Eds.): Climate Change, Jus- ards to Shipping: An International Legal Framework, pamentos públicos para as Praças dos Esportes e da C. forthcoming 2013: Multi-Level Partnership in Cul- tice and Sustainability: Linking Climate and Develop- Leiden, 13–35. Cultura – PEC, [Fundraising and Partnerships. Program tural Management Training: A Case Study from Brazil, ment Policy, Heidelberg, 125–131. on Public Facilities Management for the Sport and Bogotá. Culture Squares], Rio de Janeiro; Brasília. Saravia, Enrique/Lobato, Lenaura 2013: Gestão com- P R Saravia, Enrique 2012: Gestão cultural e cidade con- partilhada do espaço público. Programa de capaci- temporânea [Cultural Management and the Contem- tação em gestão de equipamentos públicos para as porary City], Rio de Janeiro. Praças dos Esportes e da Cultura – PEC, [Public Space 66 Przyrembel, Alexandra 2012: Colonialismo e psicoana- Rousselin, Mathieu forthcoming 2013: Der Besuch Shared Management. Program on Public Facilities lisi. Totem e tabu, Sigmund Freud e l’etnologia intorno eines (neo-osmanischen) Freundes: Erdoğans Reise Saravia, Enrique 2012: Uma visão inovadora da organi- Management for the Sports and Culture Squares], Rio al 1900, in: Contemporanea 15, 339–346. nach Tunis und ihre Rezeption durch die Ennahda, zação administrativa brasileira. [An innovative View of de Janeiro; Brasília. in: WeltTrends. the Brazilian Administration], in: Guerra, Sergio (Eds.): Przyrembel, Alexandra 2012: Die London Missionary Agências Reguladoras. Da Orga nização Administra- Scholte, Jan A. 2013: Civil Society and Financial Mar- Society und die Popularisierung von Wissen über Rousselin, Mathieu forthcoming 2013: Turkish Soap tiva Piramidal à Governança em Rede, [Regulatory kets: What Is Not Happening and Why, in: Journal of die außereuropäische Welt, in: Ulrich van der Heyden Power: International Perspectives and Domestic Para- Agencies. From pyramidal administrative Organization Civil Society 9: 2. (Ed.), Missionsgeschichte als Geschichte der Glo- doxes, in: Euxeinos. to Network Governance], Belo Horizonte. balisierung, Stuttgart, 307–318. Scholte, Jan A. forthcoming 2013: Civil Society and Saravia, Enrique forthcoming 2013: Del gobierno Financial Markets: What Is Not Happening and Why, Przyrembel, Alexandra/Eckert, Andreas (Eds.) 2012: municipal al gobierno global. Las políticas públicas en in: Fioramonti, Lorenzo/Thümler, Ekkehard (Eds.): sichtbar/verborgen. Diskurse über Rasse und Sexualität un contexto de gobernanza multinivel, [From Local Citizens versus Markets, Abingdon. im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert (Werkstatt Geschichte 59). to Global Government. Public Policies in a Context of Multi-level Governance], Buenos Aires; Paris. Scholte, Jan A. forthcoming 2013: Civil Society and Przyrembel, Alexandra 2013: The Emotional Bond of NGOs, in: Weiss, T.G/Wilkinson, R. (Eds.): International Brotherliness. Protestant Masculinity and the Local Saravia, Enrique forthcoming 2013: Desafios da Organization and Global Governance, Abingdon. and Global Networks among Religious in the Nine- Capacitação em Política e Gestão Cultural no Brasil, teenth Century, in: German History 31: 2, 157–180. [Cultural Policy and Management Training in Brazil: 67 Challenges], São Paulo. W

68 Wang, Dong 2013: Review of Jonathan Goldstein, Wang, Hung-jen 2012: Liberalism and National Iden- Weinlich, Silke/Fues, Thomas forthcoming 2013: 69 Stephen Girard’s Trade with China 1787–1824: The tity in Taiwan: Four Orientations toward Democrati- Seizing Power or Ducking for Cover: Aufstrebende Norms versus the Profits of Trade, in: China Review zation, in: Journal of Current Chinese Affairs 41: 3, Schwellenmächte bei den Vereinten Nationen, in: International 19: 1. 93–116. Nölke, Andreas/May, Christian/Claar, Simone (Eds.): Der Aufstieg der großen Schwellenländer in der Wang, Dong 2013: Review of Odd Arne Westad, Wang, Hung-jen 2013: Being Uniquely Universal: Build- Weltwirtschaft. Ein Handbuch, Wiesbaden. Restless Empire: China and the World since 1750, in: ing Chinese International Relations Theory, in: Journal Twentieth-Century China 38: 2. of Contemporary China 22: 81, 1–17. Weinlich, Silke/Guarin, Alejandro/Scholz, Imme/Fur- ness, Mark forthcoming 2013: Wiederholt sich die Wang, Dong 2013: Review of Roger B. Jeans (Ed.), The Wang, Hung-jen forthcoming 2013: The Rise of China Geschichte? Die wirtschaftlichen, politischen und Marshall Mission to China, 1945–1947: The Letters and Chinese International Relations (IR) Scholarship, sozialen Auswirkungen des Aufstiegs neuer Mittels- and Diary of Colonel John Hart Caughey, in: China Lanham, MD. chichten, in: Nölke, Andreas/May, Christian/Claar, Si- Review International 19: 1. mone (Eds.): Der Aufstieg der großen Schwellenländer Weinlich, Silke 2012: Die Entwicklungszusammenarbe- in der Weltwirtschaft. Ein Handbuch, Wiesbaden. Wang, Dong 2013: The United States and China. A it der Vereinten Nationen: Reformbedarf und aktuelle History from the Eighteenth Century to the Present, Reformansätze, in: Öhlschläger, Rainer/Sangmeister, Weinlich, Silke/Zollinger, Urs 2012: Lessons from De- Lanham. Hartmut (Eds.): Neue Formen und Instrumente der En- livering as One: Options for UN Member States (Ger- twicklungszusammenarbeit, Baden-Baden, 157–170. man Development Institute: Briefing Paper 13), Bonn. Wang, Dong 2013: U.S.-China Economic Relations, in: Asia-Pacific Journal 11. Weinlich, Silke 2012: (Re)generating Peacekeeping Wulf, Herbert 2012: Review of David M. Malone, Does Authority: The Brahimi Process, in: Journal of Inter- the Elephant Dance? Contemporary Indian Foreign Wang, Dong 2013: China and the World, 1900–1949, vention and Statebuilding 6: 3, 257–277. Policy, in: Wissenschaft und Frieden 30: 3, 64. in: Wright, Tim (Ed.): Oxford Bibliographies in Chinese Studies, New York. Weinlich, Silke forthcoming 2013: Aktuelle Dynamiken Wulf, Herbert 2012: Review of Andreas Heinemann- in der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit im System der Grüder, Föderalismus als Konfliktregelung. Indien, Wang, Dong 2013: The Character of U.S.-China Rela- Vereinten Nationen, in: Ihne, Harmut/Wilhelm, Jürgen Russland, Spanien und Nigeria im Vergleich, in: Sicher- tions, in: The Montréal Review of March, in: http:// (Eds.): Einführung in die Entwicklungspolitik, Ham- heit und Frieden 8: 3, 175–176. www. themontrealreview.com/2009/The-Character- burg. of-U-S-China-Relations.php. Wulf, Herbert 2012: Libyen: Land voller Waffen, in: Weinlich, Silke/Bauer, Steffen 2012: Rio+20 and the Becker, Johannes M./Sommer, Gert (Eds.): Der Libyen- Wang, Dong 2013: Is China Seeking Military Hegemo- Future of the UN Sustainability Architecture: What Krieg, Berlin, 237–255. ny in the Pacific? One View of U.S.-China Relations, in: can we expect? (German Development Institute: Brief- Asia-Pacific Journal 11. ing Paper 6), Bonn. Wulf, Herbert 2012: Waffenhandel außer Kontrolle?, in: Wissenschaft und Frieden 71: 4, 2–3. Wang, Hung-jen forthcoming 2013: Implications of Weinlich, Silke/Beisheim, Marianne 2012: Vereinte China’s Call for ‘Discourse Power’ – Contrasting Epis- Nationen: Globale Entwicklungsziele – Umsetzung Wulf, Herbert 2013: India’s Aspirations in Global temological Positions on China’s Emerging Role. und Perspektiven, in: Braml, Josef/Mair, Stefan/ Politics. Competing Ideas and Amorphous Practices Sandschneider, Eberhard (Eds.): Außenpolitik in der (Report of Institute for Development and Peace 107), Wang, Hung-jen 2013: China’s Rise and Global Govern- Wirtschafts- und Finanzkrise, München, 348–356. Duisburg. ance: A Theoretical Investigation. Working Paper presented at the Centre for Global Cooperation Research on 19 February 2013, Duisburg. Fellows 71

Research Unit 1 “The (Im)Possibility of Cooperation”

Dong Wang Enrique Saravia University of Turku, Finland Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Senior Fellow, March 2013 – February 2014 Senior Fellow, September – December 2012 Project: Chinese Conceptions of Effective and Project: A Latin American Perspective on Global Just Global Governance (with special reference to Governance and International Technical Cooperation intellectual property rights)

70 Research areas: Public policies, strategies and Research areas: US–China relations, Chinese foreign development; cultural policies and management; relations, modern and contemporary Chinese history, state reform in Latin America; global governance the interaction of China with the outside world In its first year, the Centre attracted 2011–: Visiting Professor, Graduate Programme in Margret Thalwitz Professor of Contemporary Chinese History and 19 fellows from institutions based in Public Policy, Strategies and Development, Institute Director of the Centre for East Asian Studies, 11 countries. Fellows’ research projects of Economics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro University of Turku fall within the ambit of one or other of 2011–: Member of the Task Force on Latin America Senior Expert Fellow, October – December 2012 Research Associate, Fairbank Center for Chinese the Centre’s four research units, but 2050, Frederick S. Pardee Center for the Study Project: The Golden Rice Project and the Global Studies, Harvard University their work is conducted independently of the Longer-Range Future, Boston University, USA Governance of Food 2002–2009: Professor of Chinese History and within the Centre. 2010–: Project Co-ordinator, Getulio Vargas Executive Director of the East-West Institute of Fellows are the ‘building-blocks’ of the Foundation (FGV), Brazil Research areas: Public goods, global governance, International Studies, Gordon College, USA Centre’s research programme, 2007–: Visiting Professor, Andean University Simon food security Publications on contemporary Chinese history contributing to events, publications, Bolivar (UASB), Ecuador Spent most of her professional career at the World and foreign relations, with particular emphasis on and on-going interdisciplinary 1987–2012: Consultant to the Presidency in various Bank, where she held senior positions interaction between China and the outside world as discussions. With its four levels of ministries and government institutions of the Has been a consultant to the World Bank, UNICEF, exhibited in the fields of: international organizations, fellowship, the Centre offers a place Federative Republic of Brazil and the German Ministry of Economic Cooperation nationalism, international law, charities, the for reflection and exchange open to 2005: Ph.D. in Law and Public Administration, Research Associate with the University of Oxford’s environment, urban development, heritage, religion, international academics – renowned University of Paris I (Panthéon-Sorbonne) Global Economic Governance Programme and with art, the economy, and US–China relations researchers and promising young Various positions as consultant and expert-advisor, the German Development Institute, Bonn academics from the humanities, the e.g.: UN government consultant on Costa Rica, Masters in Economics from the University of social and natural sciences and selected Brazil and Ecuador; consultant to the Organization Freiburg/Breisgau, Germany practitioners from the field. of American States (OAS); consultant to the World Alumna of the German Development Institute’s Bank; advisor to UN bodies and projects postgraduate programme Research Unit 2 “Global Cultural Conflicts and Transcultural Cooperation” 72 73

Lothar Brock Peace Research Institute Frankfurt (PRIF), Germany

Senior Expert Fellow, February 2013 – January 2014 Bernd Lahno Project: Cooperation in Conflict. Civilizing Difference? Frankfurt School of Finance & Management, Germany Abdolkarim Soroush Research areas: International cooperation: Iranian philosopher institutional and normative aspects, legalization and Senior Fellow, February 2013 – January 2014 the use of force at the international level, protecting Project: Norms and Rules as a Foundation of Social people in conflict, democratic wars, dynamics of Senior Fellow, September2012 – March 2013 Cooperation; including the sub-projects: (1) Strategic securitization, North-South relations Project: Debating Islam Problems in Information Transmission, (2) Team 2006–: Visiting Professor, PRIF Reasoning as a Form of Rule-Following Behaviour, 1981–2005: Head, PRIF Research Groups on European Research areas: Philosophy of science, philosophy of and (3) Can a Social Contract be Shaped by an Integration and ‘The Antinomies of Democratic religion, the philosophical system of Moulana Rumi, Invisible Hand? Peace’ comparative philosophy 2006–: Visiting Professor, PRIF 2000–: Visiting Professor, Harvard University, Research areas: Trust and cooperation, choice theory, 1979–2004: Professor of Political Science, Goethe teaching ‘Islam and Democracy’, Quranic studies, and philosophy of economics, collective intentionality University, Frankfurt, main focus on international the philosophy of Islamic law and team reasoning, rational-choice analysis of relations Visiting scholar, universities of Yale, Princeton, and communication, rule-following behaviour, conceptual 2003–2013: Member of the International Review Stanford, and the Institute for Advanced Study, foundations of contract theory Panel, National Centre of Competence in Research Berlin 2006–: Professor of Philosophy and Quantitative North–South, Bern Studied chemistry, history and philosophy in London Methods, Department of Legal Studies and Ethics, 1994–: Member of the Advisory Board, Development Studied Islamic philosophy and mysticism in Iran Frankfurt School of Finance & Management and Peace Foundation (SEF), Bonn Publications include: Reason, Freedom, and 2001–2006: Research and Teaching Assistant, Consultancy work for various academic journals and Democracy in Islam, Essential Writings of Abdolkarim Department of Philosophy, University of Duisburg- for institutions such as the Deutsche Gesellschaft Soroush, tr. and ed. Mahmoud and Ahmad Sadri, Essen für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), and the Oxford University Press, 2000 Founding/chief editor of ‘Rationality, Markets and Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) Morals’ (RMM), an interdisciplinary open-access journal at the intersection of philosophy and economics Research Unit 3 74 “Global Governance 75 Revisited”

Christian Meyer University of Bielefeld, Germany Dirk Peters Peace Research Institute Frankfurt (PRIF), Germany

Senior Fellow, October 2012 – June 2013 Project: The Future of Social Interaction Morgan Brigg Fellow, May – November 2012 University of Queensland, Australia Project: Global Governance and Contested Research areas: Anthropological bases, cultural Conceptions of Legitimate Order: A State of the Art shaping, and boundaries of cooperative social practices; changes in the forms and modalities of Senior Fellow, March – August 2013 Research areas: Legitimacy of international social interaction caused by globalization, artificial Project: Relational Difference and Universalism: institutions, parliaments in international security intelligence and dementia; local appropriations and Utilizing Culture as a Resource for Conflict policy, European Union security and defence policy vernacularizations of global discourses about ‘the Resolution and Global Cooperation 2007–: Research Associate, ‘International good life’ in Senegal and beyond Organisations and International Law’ Research On-going: Various projects funded by the German Research areas: Conflict resolution, culture and Department, Peace Research Institute Frankfurt Research Foundation (DFG) at the University the politics of difference, indigenous political 2008: Doctoral dissertation ‘International Structure of Bielefeld, e.g. ‘Microdynamics of Political philosophies and systems, peace-building and and Foreign Policy: Constrained Balancing in British Communication in World Society: The Social Life of governance across difference, development studies, and German Policies towards European Security and Democracy in Two Islamic States’, in collaboration alternative and innovative methodologies Defense Policy’, Goethe University, Frankfurt with J. Pfaff-Czarnecka, E. Gerharz and S. Diop 2012–: Senior Lecturer in Peace and Conflict Studies, 2000–2007: Research Associate, Institute of Political 2012–2016: Member of the Scientific Network School of Political Science and International Studies, Science, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz on Multimodality and Embodied Interaction, University of Queensland 2003: Visiting researcher at: Centre for European Universities of Potsdam and Saarland (funded by the Publications include: The New Politics of Conflict Policy Studies, Brussels; International Institute for German Science Foundation) Resolution: Responding to Difference, Mediating Strategic Studies, London; Research Institute of the 2012: Visiting Professor, Department of Sociology, across Difference: Oceanic and Asian Approaches to German Council on Foreign Relations (DGAP), Berlin University of Halle-Wittenberg, Germany Conflict Resolution (co-edited with Roland Bleiker), 2007–2012: Various teaching positions, Faculty of University of Hawaii Press, 2011; Unsettling the Sociology, University of Bielefeld Settler State: Creativity and Resistance in Indigenous 2004–2007 Research Fellow and Co-director of Settler-State Governance (co-edited with Sarah First Fellow at the Centre the project ‘Persuasive Communication among Maddison), Routledge, 2011 the Wolof: The Interplay of Cultural and Linguistic Extensive professional experience as a mediator and Aspects’, Department of Anthropology and facilitator, including experience in conflict-resolution African Studies, University of Mainz, Germany, in training in Aboriginal Australia, the Solomon Islands, collaboration with Anna M. Diagne (funded by the and Indonesia Volkswagen Foundation) 76 77

Herbert Wulf Mathieu Rousselin Bonn International Center for Conversion (BICC), Germany Came from University of Sankt Gallen, Switzerland

Senior Expert Fellow, October 2012 – September 2013 Associate Postdoc Fellow, January – December 2013 Project: India’s Role in Global Affairs Jan Aart Scholte Projects: (1) Legitimacy in Global Environmental University of Warwick, United Kingdom Governance; (2) Territories and Resistance: Tunisia as Research areas: Indian foreign and security policy, Democratization Laboratory the defence industry (arms exports), peace-keeping and peace-building, global governance, arms control Senior Fellow, November 2012 – March 2013 Research areas: European integration, the European and disarmament, privatization in the armed forces, Project: Explorations in Global Democracy Neighbourhood Policy and Euro-Mediterranean developing countries and aid Esref Aksu relations, Europeanization and European 2001–: Senior Fellow (formerly Director), BICC Research areas: World-historical-sociological Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand external governance, rule transfer and diffusion Adjunct Senior Researcher (formerly Deputy perspectives on social change, globalization, approaches, social movement theory, territories and Director), INEF, University of Duisburg-Essen, governing a more global world, civil society territorialisation, Franco-German cooperation Germany and global politics, building global democracy, Fellow, January – June 2013 Associate Postdoc Fellowship with a grant by the 2007, 2010: Visiting scholar, Australian Centre for methodologies of global research Project: Global Governance Reconsidered: Swiss National Science Foundation Peace and Conflict Studies, Queensland University, 2011–: Professor, Department of Politics and A Conceptual Approach 2008–2012: Researcher, Centre for Governance and Brisbane, Australia International Studies, University of Warwick Culture in Europe, and Academic Assistant to the Research as Project Leader at the Stockholm 2011–: Co-ordinator, ‘Global Research Priorities Research areas: Global governance, intellectual Chair of European Politics, both at the University of International Peace Research Institute and at the in Global Governance’ programme, University of and conceptual history of international relations, St. Gallen Institute for Peace Research and Security Policy, Warwick cosmopolitanism 2012: Doctoral thesis ‘What’s Behind the Choice for University of Hamburg, Germany 2008–: Convener, international ‘Building Global 2012–: Non-resident Research Associate, Europe? The Worldwide Transfer of European Rules, 2006: Peter Becker Prize for Peace and Conflict Democracy’ programme Dipartimento di Studi Anglo-Germanici e dell’Europa Standards and Policies’, University of St. Gallen Studies, Philipps University of Marburg, Germany 2005–2009: Lead editor ‘Global Governance’; Orientale, University of Bari, Italy 2009–2011: Co-founder and academic co-ordinator, 2002: Professorship awarded by the government of member of editorial boards of 11 other journals 2004–2012: Lecturer in International Relations, Chios Institute for Mediterranean Affairs, Greece North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany Various visiting positions in Germany, India, Russia, Political Science and International Relations 2007–2008: Tutor and Research Assistant, College of Consultant for various international organizations Sweden, Uganda, the UK, and the USA Programme, Victoria University of Wellington Europe, Brussels and institutes, e.g.: the KfW development bank, Member of advisory boards in 13 countries Further teaching and research positions at: Bilkent 2007: Master in European Advanced Interdisciplinary the GIZ, the UNDP, the International Peace Institute Extensive consultancy work for: national University, Turkey; University of Limerick, Ireland; La Studies, College of Europe, Poland New York, and the European Commission governments (e.g.: Canada, France, and Mexico); Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia global/regional agencies (e.g.: Commonwealth, Publications on problems of global governance and Council of Europe, EU, IMF, UN, UNESCO, WTO); international organizations civil-society associations across all continents; foundations and research programmes Research Unit 4 “Paradoxes and Perspectives of 78 Democratisation” 79

Meibo Huang Xiamen University, People’s Republic of China

Stephen Brown Senior Fellow, March – September 2013 University of Ottawa, Canada Project: China’s Foreign Aid and Its Role in the Daniel Gaus International Aid Architecture Came from University of Oslo, Norway

Senior Fellow, January – June 2013 Research areas: International monetary cooperation, Project: Global Cooperation and Development Policy East Asian monetary cooperation, macro-economic Fellow, July 2012 – June 2013 Coherence policy coordination, regional economic integration, Project: Cosmopolitanism, Deliberation, and the international development assistance system, the State – Three Conundrums of Post-national Research areas: Foreign aid, democratization, African the Chinese foreign aid system Democracy politics, political violence, peace-building and Professor of Economics, Xiamen University, transitional justice and Director of China Institute for International Research areas: Democratic theory, democracy in 2006–: Associate Professor at the School of Political Development the European Union, legitimacy of international Studies, University of Ottawa Deputy Secretary General, China Society of World institutions, global governance, Habermasian 2010: Professor, Centre de recherche et d’étude sur Economics discourse theory les pays d’Afrique orientale, Université de Pau et des 2010–2011: Global South Scholar in Residence, 2007–2012: Senior researcher on the ‘RECON – Pays de l’Adour, Pau, France Faculty of International Economics, The Graduate Reconstituting Democracy in Europe’ project, ARENA 2009: Visiting Researcher, German Development Institute for International and Development Studies, Centre for European Studies, University of Oslo Institute, Bonn Geneva, Switzerland 2001–2007: Research Associate, Technische 2000: Ph.D., Department of Politics, New York 2006–2007: Research associate, Global Economic Universität Darmstadt, Germany University Governance Programme, University of Oxford 2006: Doctoral dissertation ‘The Meaning of 1990–1994: Programme Officer for the United Member of United Nations Conference on Trade and Democracy. An Analysis of Discourse on the Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Muscat, Development (UNCTAD) expert group ‘Promoting Legitimacy of the European Union from the Tegucigalpa and New York Responsible Sovereign Lenders and Borrowers’ Perspective of Discourse Theory of Democracy’, Consultancy work for, amongst others, the Consultancy work for the Chinese government in the Technische Universität Darmstadt Development Assistance Committee of the areas of international development assistance and Organisation for Economic Cooperation and cross-strait economic integration Development (OECD) and the Pearson Peacekeeping Centre 81

Peter Thiery 80 University of Heidelberg, Germany

Fellow, September 2012 – February 2013 Project: Democracy in its ‘Third Transformation’. Exploring the Meaning, Scope and Limits of David Chandler Democracy and Democratization in a Pluri-cultural University of Westminster, United Kingdom World

Hung-Jen Wang Research areas: Theory of/empirical research into Senior Fellow, October 2012 – June 2013 Came from University of Tübingen, Germany democracy, the state, and the rule of law; formal and Project: Democracy and the Shift to the Social informal institutions; measuring democracy, the rule of law and governance; Latin America (Cono Sur, the Research areas: Democracy and distributive agency; Postdoc Fellow, September 2012 – August 2013 Andes, Mexico) the shift from spatial to temporal understandings Project: China’s Rising Power and Global Governance 2012–: Lecturer, Institute of Political Science, of conflict; resilience, agency and subjectivity; new University of Heidelberg materialism, freedom and necessity; biopolitics and Research areas: International relations theory, 2008–2012: Senior Researcher and Project Manager, the shift to the social international security, global governance, ‘The Rule of Law and Informal Institutions. 2005–: Professor of International Relations and democratization, comparative authoritarianism, Eastern Europe and Latin America in Comparative Research Director of the Centre for the Study of Chinese foreign policy, cross-strait relations Perspective’, research project sponsored by the Democracy, Department of Politics and International (China–Taiwan) German Research Foundation (DFG) at the Institute Relations, University of Westminster, UK 2012: Ph.D., European Research Center on of Political Science, University of Würzburg, Germany 2002-2003: Teaching positions at Brunel University Contemporary Taiwan (ERCCT), University of 2002–2010: Senior Researcher, ‘Transformation’ and the University of Nottingham, UK Tübingen project, Centre for Applied Policy Research (CAP), Founding editor of the new journal ‘Resilience: 2007–2009: Teaching Assistantship, Cornell University of Munich, Germany International Policies, Practices and Discourses’ and University Graduate School, USA 1999–2002: Senior Researcher and Project Manager, of the ‘Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding’ 2006–2007: Sage Fellowship, Cornell University, USA ‘Defective Democracy’ research project sponsored Editor of the Routledge book series ‘Studies in 2004–2006: Scholarship, Graduate School of by the Volkswagen Foundation at the Institute of Intervention and Statebulding’ and a new series International Studies, University of Denver, USA Political Science, University of Heidelberg ‘Advances in Democratic Theory’ 2002: MA (with distinction), Queen’s University 1998: Doctoral thesis ‘The State, Institutional In addition to producing a number of monographs of Belfast, UK Change, and Development in Chile (1973–1996)’, his own, he has contributed well over 60 articles to University of Mainz, Germany peer-reviewed journals, as well as individual chapters to around 50 edited volumes Käte Hamburger Kolleg /

Centre for Global Cooperation Research (KHK / GCR21) A Central Research Institute of the University of Duisburg-Essen

ADVISORY BOARD BOARD OF DIRECTORS Prof. Dr. Dipesh Chakrabarty Prof. Dr. Nicole Deitelhoﬀ Dr. Alison Evans Prof. Dr. Harald Fischer-Tiné Prof. Dr. Tobias Debiel Prof. Dr. Claus Leggewie Prof. Dr. Dirk Messner Dr. Daniel Haun Director Director Director Prof. Dr. Pan Jiahua Prof. Dr. Mirjam Künkler Prof. Dr. Thilo Marauhn 83 Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Angelika Nußberger Dr. Markus Böckenförde Prof. Dr. Michael Zürn Executive Director

82 THE (IM)POSSIBILITY OF COOPERATION Matthias Schuler Andrea Bosserhoﬀ Head of Research: Dr. Silke Weinlich Deputy Executive Director Secretary Research Assistant: Max Lesch

BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

GLOBAL CULTURAL CONFLICTS AND TRANSCULTURAL COOPERATION Head of Research: PD Dr. Alexandra Przyrembel Research Assistant: Marcel Siepmann PUBLIC EVENT FELLOW RELATIONS MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT

Martin Wolf Rakchanok Jana Rademacher GLOBAL GOVERNANCE REVISITED Chatjuthamard

RESEARCH UNITS Head of Research: Dr. Rainer Baumann Tina Berntsen Carla Gierich Research Assistant: Annegret Kunde FELLOWS Jutta Teuwsen

PARADOXES AND PERSPECTIVES OF DEMOCRATISATION Head of Research: Dr. des. Frank Gadinger TECHNICAL SUPPORT Uwe Amerkamp Denis Neumann Research Assistants: Stefanie Ostheimer, Stephen Virchow

Participating INSTITUTE FOR DEVELOPMENT AND PEACE (INEF) GERMAN DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE (DIE) INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY IN THE HUMANITIES (KWI) Institutes Director: Prof. Dr. Tobias Debiel Director: Prof. Dr. Dirk Messner Director: Prof. Dr. Claus Leggewie Advisory Board Staff

84 An international Advisory Board assists with the process of scientific quality assurance for the Centre. Consisting of ten academics and experts, the board convenes annually in Duisburg. The board advises on basic professional and interdisciplinary issues and supports the Centre’s research programme and strategic goals. The board’s annual meetings also provide an important opportunity for close interaction with the Centre’s staff and fellows. 85

Prof. Dr. Dipesh Chakrabarty Prof. Dr. Nicole Deitelhoff Dr. Alison Evans

Professor of History and South Asian Chair for International Relations Director of the Overseas Languages and Civilizations, Law and Theories of World Orders at the Development Institute (ODI), UK School, University of Chicago, USA Cluster of Excellence „The Forma- tion of Normative Orders“, Goethe Dipl.-Soz.-Wiss. Dr. Rainer Baumann Tina Berntsen, M.A. Andrea Bosserhoff University of Frankfurt Uwe Amerkamp Head of Research Unit 3 Project Assistant Secretary Academic Assistant for for Public Relations Prof. Dr. Harald Fischer-Tiné Dr. Daniel Haun Prof. Dr. Pan Jiahua System Administration

Full Professor of Modern Global Research Group Leader at the Max Professor of Economics and Director, History, ETH Zurich, Switzerland Planck Institute for Psycholingu- Institute for Urban & Environmental istics and Max Planck Institute for Studies, Chinese Academy of Social Evolutionary Anthropology, Sciences (CASS), China Nijmegen / Leipzig

Prof. Dr. Mirjam Künkler Prof. Dr. Thilo Marauhn Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Angelika Nußberger Dr. Markus Böckenförde, Rakchanok Chatjuthamard, Prof. Dr. Tobias Debiel Daniela Dietmayr, B.A. Assistant Professor of Near Eastern Professor of Public Law, Public Judge at the European Court of LL.M. M.A. Director Student Assistant Studies, Princeton University, USA International Law and European Human Rights, Straßburg; Director Executive Director / Researcher for Event for Event Management Law, Justus Liebig University of the Institute of Eastern Europe Senior Researcher Management Giessen Law, University of Cologne

Prof. Dr. Michael Zürn

Director of the Research Unit „Transnational Conflicts and International Institutions“ at the Social Science Research Center Berlin (WZB) Dr. des. Frank Gadinger Carla Gierich, M.A. Fentje Jacobsen, B.A. Jonas Krischke Head of Research Unit 4 Project Assistant Student Assistant Student Assistant for Fellow Management for Public Relations 86 87

Annegret Kunde, M.A., Prof. Dr. Claus Leggewie Max Lesch, M.A. Dr. Andrea Licata Jan Schablitzki, B.A. Matthias Schuler, M.A. Jan Schuster, M.A. Marcel Siepmann, M.A. M.P.S. Director Research Assistant Associate Researcher Student Assistant Deputy Executive Director / Academic Assistant Research Assistant Research Assistant for Research Unit 1 to Prof. Dr. Debiel Researcher to Prof. Dr. Leggewie for Research Unit 2 for Research Unit 3

Tim Linka Anika Mahla, B.A. Prof. Dr. Dirk Messner Denis Neumann, M.A. Jutta Teuwsen, M.A. Stephen Virchow, B.A. Shahira Wassef Dr. Silke Weinlich Student Assistant Academic Assistant Director Webmaster Project Assistant Research Assistant Student Assistant Head of Research Unit 1 to Prof. Dr. Messner for Event Management for Research Unit 4 to Prof. Dr. Debiel

Stefanie Ostheimer, M.A. PD Dr. Alexandra Przyrembel Jana Rademacher, M.A. Patricia Rinck, B.A. Martin Wolf, M.A. Research Assistant Head of Research Unit 2 Project Assistant for Academic Assistant Head of Public Relations for Research Unit 4 Fellow Support to Prof. Dr. Debiel Picture Credits

88 p. 9 University of Duisburg-Essen (Portrait Prof. Ulrich Radtke) p. 12 Tobias Fabian Lühe (krischerfotografie) p. 25 “Cooperation is child’s play” © MPI for Evolutionary Anthropology (Daniel Haun) p. 33 Archbishop Kaigama of Jos, Nigeria: http://blog.cafod.org.uk/ p. 1, 10 H2Office: Klaus Lemke p. 6/7 H2Office: Friedhelm Krischer (krischerfotografie) p. 18, 56/57, 81 Offices of KHK / GCR21: Angelika Barth (Fotostudio Sonderschicht) p. 46/47 Georg Lukas

Portraits of fellows and staff Friedhelm Krischer (krischerfotografie); Angelika Barth (Fotostudio Sonderschicht)

Events Georg Lukas (p. 48, 49, 52, 53, 54 ); Kerstin Bögeholz (p. 50); Tina Berntsen (p. 39, 45)

KHK / GCR21 logo design Klickmeister Co Ltd., Essen

Layout Graphics Ines Wingenbach Käte Hamburger Kolleg / Centre for Global Cooperation Research (KHK / GCR21) A Central Research Institute of the University of Duisburg-Essen

www.gcr21.org

Participating Institutes

INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY IN THE HUMANITIES

UNIVERSITY ALLIANCE METROPOLIS RUHR