System Page 1 of 376

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

System Page �1 of �376 The System page !1 of !376 THE SYSTEM third revised edition by Andy Turnbull THE SYSTEM third revised edition ISBN 978-0-9938885-2-6 © 2014 by Andy Turnbull Red Ear Publishing, Toronto email [email protected] phone 416 366 2164 Canadian cataloguing in publication data Andy Turnbull, 1937 - The System, revised edition 1. economics 2. current events 3.title THANKS The System page !2 of !376 With thanks to Prof. Anatol Rapoport, who gave me the idea, and to Jane Jacobs for The Economy of Cities. Also, to Donald Tumbull and Bob Yewchuck who read and commented on the manuscript; Andrew Shepherd, who straightened out some of my misconceptions about biology; Prof. James Cunningham, who saved me from at least one grievous error; Caroline Andrews, my life partner, who put up with me while I was writing this Tom Stanley whose investment expertise made it possible for me to spend several years on this project. The System page !3 of !376 CONTENTS CONTENTS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 PROLOGUE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8 THE ARGUMENT ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------10 SYSTEMS --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------13 METASYSTEMS -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------18 REAL LIFE EXAMPLES --------------------------------------------------------------------------23 THE NATURE OF SYSTEMS AND METASYSTEMS --------------------------------------24 COMPOUND METASYSTEMS -----------------------------------------------------------------27 WHEELS WITHIN WHEELS --------------------------------------------------------------------29 A METAPHYSICAL LIFE FORM ---------------------------------------------------------------31 LIVING ON AUTOPILOT ------------------------------------------------------------------------34 CONVENTIONAL WISDOM --------------------------------------------------------------------39 THE ROOTS OF EVOLUTION ------------------------------------------------------------------44 THE EVOLUTION OF A METASYSTEM -----------------------------------------------------46 SELF-ORGANIZING SYSTEMS ----------------------------------------------------------------47 HUMAN NATURE ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------49 HUNTERS AND GATHERERS ------------------------------------------------------------------54 THE NEOLITHIC AXE ----------------------------------------------------------------------------63 TRADE AND TREASURE ------------------------------------------------------------------------67 THE ARMY ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------70 THE MARCH OF THE ARMIES -----------------------------------------------------------------75 THE LUCIFER EFFECT ---------------------------------------------------------------------------77 A NEW WORLD ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------79 SOLDIERS AND SLAVES ------------------------------------------------------------------------82 A COMMUNITY OF FRIENDS AND ENEMIES ---------------------------------------------84 THE CASH ECONOMY ---------------------------------------------------------------------------87 THE BATTLE OF THE SEXES ------------------------------------------------------------------92 THE NEW ORDER ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------94 THE AGRICULTURAL EVOLUTION ----------------------------------------------------------98 A MORE CONVENTIONAL VIEW -----------------------------------------------------------102 The System page !4 of !376 THE AGRICULTURAL DISASTER -----------------------------------------------------------104 FARMS ARE NOT SUSTAINABLE -----------------------------------------------------------110 THE ROOT METASYSTEMS -------------------------------------------------------------------114 THE MILITARY-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX -------------------------------------------------115 THE METASYSTEM OF THE TRADERS ----------------------------------------------------116 METASYSTEM OF THE AGENTS ------------------------------------------------------------117 THE METASYSTEM OF RELIGION ----------------------------------------------------------118 THE METASYSTEM OF THE ESTABLISHMENT ----------------------------------------121 GOVERNMENT -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------123 DEMOCRACY -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------126 OVERLAP ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------130 THE WORLD TODAY ---------------------------------------------------------------------------131 EVOLUTION OF THE FOUR GROUPS ------------------------------------------------------135 THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION -----------------------------------------------------------137 THE METASYSTEM OF BUSINESS AND FINANCE -------------------------------------139 THE STOCK MARKET --------------------------------------------------------------------------141 SAY’S LAW ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------142 GROWTH OF THE MILITARY-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX -------------------------------145 THE METASYSTEM OF POLICE -------------------------------------------------------------148 CRIMINAL COURTS -----------------------------------------------------------------------------152 THE METASYSTEM OF THE WAR ON DRUGS ------------------------------------------158 BARNUM’S LAW ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------167 THE PRISON-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX ----------------------------------------------------169 THE STANFORD PRISON EXPERIMENT --------------------------------------------------175 THE METASYSTEM OF THE WAR ON TERROR ----------------------------------------180 HOW FARMS RELATE TO THE MIC --------------------------------------------------------185 OTHER CONNECTIONS -----------------------------------------------------------------------186 FOSSIL FUELS AND CLIMATE CHANGE --------------------------------------------------187 THE POWER OF THE MIC ---------------------------------------------------------------------191 GROWTH OF THE METASYSTEM OF AGENTS ------------------------------------------195 THE MANAGERIAL REVOLUTION ---------------------------------------------------------199 MANAGERS IN GOVERNMENT -------------------------------------------------------------205 The System page !5 of !376 SUPPORTING THE AGENTS ------------------------------------------------------------------214 GROWTH OF THE METASYSTEM OF TRADE -------------------------------------------216 GLOBAL POVERTY -----------------------------------------------------------------------------222 BIG BUSINESS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------225 FACTORY FARMS --------------------------------------------------------------------------------227 PESTS, FAMINE AND OTHER DISASTERS ------------------------------------------------230 THE PLAGUE IN YOUR FUTURE ------------------------------------------------------------237 GROWTH OF THE METASYSTEM OF RELIGION ---------------------------------------242 THE METASYSTEM OF EDUCATION ------------------------------------------------------247 SCHOOL SPORTS --------------------------------------------------------------------------------255 ADVANCED EDUCATION ---------------------------------------------------------------------257 THE METASYSTEM OF THE MIND BENDERS -------------------------------------------261 THE WAR ON THE FAMILY -------------------------------------------------------------------268 FEMINISM -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------276 THE PLIGHT OF THE CHILDREN -----------------------------------------------------------279 DAY CARE -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------282 PROFITS FROM CONFLICT -------------------------------------------------------------------288 STRATIFICATION --------------------------------------------------------------------------------289 NOT PLANNED -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------291 PROPAGANDA RULES -------------------------------------------------------------------------292 THE NEWS -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------293 THE MUTE MAJORITY -------------------------------------------------------------------------297 SERVING THE SYSTEM ------------------------------------------------------------------------300 MANAGEMENT BY ENTERTAINMENT ----------------------------------------------------304 CELEBRITIES -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------306 FACTS ABOUT FICTION -----------------------------------------------------------------------309 VIDEO GAMES -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------319 DOING WELL BY DOING GOOD ------------------------------------------------------------320 THE COST OF MEDICINE ---------------------------------------------------------------------328 MEDICAL ETHICS -------------------------------------------------------------------------------331 THE METASYSTEM OF CIVIL LAW --------------------------------------------------------333 THE METASYSTEM OF ASTRONOMY AND SPACE
Recommended publications
  • Beowulf and Competitive Altruism,” P
    January 2013 Volume 9, Issue 1 ASEBL Journal Association for the Study of Editor (Ethical Behavior)•(Evolutionary Biology) in Literature St. Francis College, Brooklyn Heights, N.Y. Gregory F. Tague, Ph.D. ~ Editorial Board ~▪▪~ Kristy Biolsi, Ph.D. THIS ISSUE FEATURES Kevin Brown, Ph.D. Wendy Galgan, Ph.D. † Eric Luttrell, “Modest Heroism: Beowulf and Competitive Altruism,” p. 2 Cheryl L. Jaworski, M.A. † Dena R. Marks, “Secretary of Disorientation: Writing the Circularity of Belief in Elizabeth Costello,” p.11 Anja Müller-Wood, Ph.D. Kathleen A. Nolan, Ph.D. † Margaret Bertucci Hamper, “’The poor little working girl’: The New Woman, Chloral, and Motherhood in The House of Mirth,” p. 19 Riza Öztürk, Ph.D. † Kristin Mathis, “Moral Courage in The Runaway Jury,” p. 22 Eric Platt, Ph.D. † William Bamberger, “A Labyrinthine Modesty: On Raymond Roussel Michelle Scalise Sugiyama, and Chiasmus,” p. 24 Ph.D. ~▪~ Editorial Interns † St. Francis College Moral Sense Colloquium: - Program Notes, p. 27 Tyler Perkins - Kristy L. Biolsi, “What Does it Mean to be a Moral Animal?”, p. 29 - Sophie Berman, “Science sans conscience n’est que ruine de l’âme,” p.36 ~▪~ Kimberly Resnick † Book Reviews: - Lisa Zunshine, editor, Introduction to Cognitive Cultural Studies. Gregory F. Tague, p. 40 - Edward O. Wilson, The Social Conquest of Earth. Wendy Galgan, p. 42 ~▪~ ~ Contributor Notes, p. 45 Announcements, p. 45 ASEBL Journal Copyright©2013 E-ISSN: 1944-401X *~* [email protected] www.asebl.blogspot.com ASEBL Journal – Volume 9 Issue 1, January 2013 Modest Heroism: Beowulf and Competitive Altruism Eric Luttrell Christian Virtues or Human Virtues? Over the past decade, adaptations of Beowulf in popular media have portrayed the eponymous hero as a dim-witted and egotistical hot-head.
    [Show full text]
  • Classic Text 15 - Atheism
    1 Classic Text 15 - Atheism In Classic Text 03 and to a lesser extent in Classic Text 06 we considered several argu- ments in favour of God’s existence, all of which were problematic in one way or an- other. Atheism, on the other hand, from the Greek ἄθεος (atheos) for “without a god” is the belief that there are no gods or God. The earliest documented evidence for atheism comes from the time of the historical Vedic religion in India in the 6th Century BCE and in Classical antiquity in the 5th Century BCE in the West. There have been many secular and atheistic historical movements or rather coun- ter movements down the centuries, most noteworthy beginning in the Renaissance; however the atheism we shall be considering has been described by Wikipedia as “New Atheism”. (Wikipedia: New Atheism) With notable exceptions such as Periyar E. V. Ramasamy, Vladimir Lenin and Bertrand Rus- sell, most atheists before the turn of the 21st Century had been content to “practice” their disbelief in private. Whether spurred by the terrorist attacks of 9/11 or the 7/7 London bombings of 2005 or the ongoing revelations of sexual abuse within the Catholic Church, prominent scientists and philosophers like Richard Dawkins and Daniel Dennett and other intellectuals have been advocating that “religion should not simply be tolerated but should be countered, criticized, and exposed by rational argument wherever its influence arises.” (Hooper, 2006) Unlike previous thinkers who regarded religion merely as a source of error or folly, the New Atheists argue that it is harmful on both a personal and social level.
    [Show full text]
  • UNIVERSITY of HAWAII at MANOA LIBRARY Robert F. Walden
    UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA LIBRARY Robert F. Walden Collection (1936-1991) Finding Aid: Container and Folder Listing Inventory of Photographs Prepared by Bronwen Solyom Accession number: W1999:001 Archives & Manuscripts Department University of Hawaii at Manoa Library Honolulu, Hawaii July 2004, revised March 2006 © 2006 University of Hawaii Robert F. Walden Collection Contents Inventory of Photographs • Pearl Harbor Navy Yard (PHNY) 1941-1945…………………………………… 1 • Ships burning and damaged after Pearl Harbor attack ……………………… 1 • Ship salvage and repair ……………………………………………………… 2 o Divers ………………………………………………………………... 2 o USS Arizona ………………………………………………………… 3 o USS California ………………………………………………………. 5 o USS Cassin and USS Downes ………………………………………. 7 o USS Nevada …………………………………………………………. 8 o USS Oglala …………………………………………………….…….. 9 o USS Oklahoma ……………………………………………………... 12 o USS West Virginia ………………………………………………… 13 o USS Maryland ……………………………………………………… 20 • Ship repair and maintenance ……………………………………………….. 23 • Civilian workers in Yard shops…………………………………………….. 25 • Supply Department activities ………………………………………………. 27 • Scrap materials stockpiled at Berth 23 ……………………………………... 28 • Officers and senior civilian management…………………………………... 29 • Visiting dignitaries and special events ……………………………………... 30 • Return of the wounded, departure of troops………………………………... 34 • Civilian Housing Area III (CHAIII) 1942-1946 ……………………………….. 36 • Development and facilities…………………………………………………. 36 • Officers……………………………………………………………………... 46 • Special events……………………………………………………………….
    [Show full text]
  • Sigmund Selfishness.Pdf
    The Calculus of Selfishness −1 0 1 “Fm” — September 21, 2009— 15:44— page i princeton series in theoretical and computational biology Series Editor, Simon A. Levin The Calculus of Selfishnes , by Karl Sigmund The Geographic Spread of Infectious Diseases: Models and Applications, by Lisa Sattenspiel with contributions from Alun Lloyd Theories of Population Variation in Genes and Genomes, by Freddy Bugge Christiansen Analysis of Evolutionary Processes, by Fabio Dercole and Sergio Rinaldi Mathematics in Population Biology, by Horst R. Thieme Individual-based Modeling and Ecology, by Volker Grimm and Steven F. Railsback −1 0 1 “Fm” — September 21, 2009— 15:44— page ii The Calculus of Selfishness Karl Sigmund PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS PRINCETON AND OXFORD −1 0 1 “Fm” — September 21, 2009— 15:44— page iii Copyright ©2010 by Princeton University Press Published by Princeton University Press, 41 William Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 In the United Kingdom: Princeton University Press, 6 Oxford Street, Woodstock, Oxfordshire OX20 1TW All Rights Reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Sigmund, Karl, 1945- The calculus of selfishness / Karl Sigmund. p. cm. — (Princeton series in theoretical and computational biology) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-691-14275-3 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Game theory. 2. Cooperativeness—Moral and ethical aspects. 3. Evolution (Biology)—Mathematics. I. Title. HB144.S59 2009 306.34—dc22 2009015030 British Library Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available This book has been composed in Times & Abadi Printed on acid-free paper. ∞ press.princeton.edu Printed in the United States of America −1 10987654321 0 1 “Fm” — September 21, 2009— 15:44— page iv Contents Preface vii 1.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ukulele Songbook Ebook Free Download
    IZ : THE UKULELE SONGBOOK PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Israel Iz Kamakawiwoole | 61 pages | 01 Jul 2011 | Alfred Publishing Co Inc.,U.S. | 9780739080511 | English, Hawaiian | United States Iz : The Ukulele Songbook PDF Book There are items available. Close X. Master the Ukulele 1 Book by Terry Carter. This lets you play any songs that you have downloaded onto your device at a much slower tempo but at the right pitch while you are learning the trickier parts. Outgoing shipments are picked up by our shipping carriers Monday through Friday. Stock photo. This is one of those rare music books that gives you the chance to really grow. You may also enter a personal message. Music Theory Books etc. Love it Verified purchase: Yes Condition: New. Saturday, January 16, Notation and Uke tablature seem to be accurate. Posting Komentar. Diposting oleh Unknown di Learn More - opens in a new window or tab International shipping and import charges paid to Pitney Bowes Inc. Refer to eBay Return policy for more details. Please enter 5 or 9 numbers for the ZIP Code. This name will appear next to your review. View cart Your Wishlist: 0 Items. Visit store. Very satisfied Love the book it was actually in better condition than described. Harrisburg PA retail store. Westminster MD retail store. See details for additional description. If you believe that any review contained on our site infringes upon your copyright, please email us. The lowest-priced brand-new, unused, unopened, undamaged item in its original packaging where packaging is applicable. The state flag of Hawaii was flown at half mast as he lay in state at the Hawaiian capitol building.
    [Show full text]
  • Witnesses Plaintiff
    RAYMOND RENE VINOLETM [email protected] WWW.VINOLE.COM WWW.USKING.ME WWW.EAGLEPARTY.ORG 1-808-292-4643 1. U.S.KING OF ALL HAWAII: WWW.USKING.ME 2. FLORIDA 2020 REPUBLICAN CANDIDATE FOR U.S. REPRESENTATIVE CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT #21: WWW.VOTEVINOLE.COM 3. HAWAII RESIDENT & FORMER CALIFORNIA RESIDENT 4. LICENSED HAWAII LOBBYIST 5. FOUNDER & CHAIRMAN: USA OUTRIGGER NATIONAL TEAM: WWW.USAOUTRIGGER.COM 6. FOUNDER & EXECUTIVE PRODUCER: UN.TV NETWORKS: WWW.UN.TV 7. MEMBER: HUI NALU O HAWAI’I 8. MEMBER: WASHINGTON CANOE CLUB, WASHINGTON D.C. 9. FOUNDER: EAGLE STAR POWER (E): WWW.EAGLEPARTY.ORG 10. MENTORS: GOD, SPIRIT OF GOD, SON OF GOD, PRESIDENT TRUMP WITNESSES 1. CONGRESSWOMAN TULSI GABBARD 2. CONGRESSWOMAN COLLEEN HANABUSA PLAINTIFF • 24K.US, LLC • RAYMOND RENE VINOLETM • THE HOLY TRINITYTM 11/28/2018 DEMANDS FOR A NON-CLASS ACTION OUT OF COURT SETTLEMENT FOR ALL CAUSES OF ACTIONS IN THE STATE OF HAWAII & THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA & WASHINGTON D.C. & NEW YORK AND ALL OTHER U.S. STATES & U.S. TERRITORIES ($4 BILLION STATE & FEDERAL TAX FREE): $2 BILLION (HAWAII & CALIFORNIA STATE & FEDERAL TAX FREE) 1. NSA/CSS HAWAII – NATIONAL SECURITY AGENCY 2. DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY HAWAII 3. U.S. MILITARY, HAWAII 4. HAWAII STATE BAR ASSOCIATION 5. HAWAII CHINESE BUDDHIST SOCIETY, 1614 NUUANU AVE, HONOLULU, HI 96817 6. MCDONALD’S WAIKIKI 7. STRAUB MEDICAL CENTER 8. ILLEGAL REVERBERATIONS ABOUT PRESIDENT OBAMA & FAMILY 9. ILLEGAL REVERBERATIONS ABOUT PRESIDENT TRUMP & FAMILY 10. DEMOCRATIC PARTY OF HAWAII 11. CALIFORNIA DEMOCRATIC PARTY 12. CITY OF SAN DIEGO 13. SAN DIEGO MAYOR 14. SAN DIEGO POLICE CHIEF 15.
    [Show full text]
  • Aloha, Streets of Honolulu Honolulu Is an Interesting City
    Aloha, Streets of Honolulu Honolulu is an interesting city. It is the largest city in the state of Hawaii. It is also Hawaii’s major seaport. Its name comes from the Hawaiian language meaning “sheltered harbor.” From the source honolulu facts.co, “By area, Honolulu is the largest city in the world—if you’re talking city borders. According to Hawaii’s constitution, any island not named to a county, is considered part of Honolulu, making the city 1,500 miles long.” Within its city limits, Honolulu occupies over 60 square miles, with a density at nearly 6,000 people per square mile. The Aloha State’s capital (Cross roads of the Pacific and the Big Pineapple) is Honolulu. It is the 12th most populated state capital. Honolulu ranks 40th in population at approximately 1.4 million people in Hawaii. As of 2017, Honolulu’s population is 337,256, 3% native Hawaiians, 8% Native Hawaiian Pacific Islanders, 54% Asian, 17% white and remainder mixture of other races and ethnic groups. Weather in Honolulu averages between 50 and 85 degrees. In terms of its economy, Hawaii shipped $1.239 billion worth of goods around the globe during 2016. Highest value Hawaiian exports are helicopters, miscellaneous aircraft parts, petroleum oils, aromatic hydrocarbon mixtures, miscellaneous military equipment, civilian aircraft and scrap iron, according to United States Census Bureau data. Capital landmarks are Aloha Stadium, Pearl Harbor Pacific Valor Monument, Waikiki Beach, Punchbowl Crater (National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific) and Diamond Head. Hawaii’s flag is named Ka Hae Hawai’I (The flag of Hawaii).
    [Show full text]
  • The Selfish Gene. by Richard Dawkins. New Revised Edition
    Genet. Res., Camb. (1990), 55, pp. 63-68 Printed in Great Britain 63 Book reviews The Selfish Gene. By RICHARD DAWKINS. New Revised selfishness in individual behaviour... Universal love and the Edition. Oxford University Press. 1989. 352 pages. welfare of the species as a whole are concepts that simply do Cloth £17.50, Paper £5.95. ISBN 0 19 217773, not make evolutionary sense...My own feeling is that a human society based simply on the gene's law of universal 0 19 286092 5. ruthless selfishness would be a very nasty society in which to The first edition of this book, published in 1976, was live. But, however much we may deplore something it does hailed with fulsome praise even in non-scientific papers not stop it being true. Be warned that if you wish, as I do, to build a society in which individuals cooperate generously (' the sort of popular science writing that makes the and successfully towards a common good, you can expect reader feel like a genius' wrote the New York Times), little help from biological nature. Let us teach generosity and it became an 'international best seller', with and altruism, because we are born selfish.' 150000 sales in English and translation into 13 The reader may well brood gloomily on this gloomy languages. This first edition retains quite a lot of its picture and wonder how it is that there is a fair' original interest, but is clearly out-of-date, and author amount (if far too little) of altruism detectable in and publishers thought the book was due for revision.
    [Show full text]
  • This Period Contains Twenty Tossups Worth 10 Points Each
    CHARTER CHALLENGE 5 (JAN 2008) ROUND 6 EDITORS: HENRY GORMAN, NEERAJ VIJAY, AND NICK KIRBY GRADES 7 AND 8 1st and 3rd periods. In these periods, your team will choose a category and be read ten questions for you to complete in ninety seconds. After each response, the moderator will indicate whether or not it was correct. Bonus Category: HAWAII 1. Pāhoehoe [pah-HOE-ee-HOE-ee] and aa [AH-AH] are types of this hot substance found in pyroclastic flow. answer: lava (accept: magma even though that's below the earth's surface) 2. These necklaces are composed of flowers, vines, or fern fronds. answer: lei(s) 3. Hawaiian words must end in what kind of letter, of which there are five in the Hawaiian language? answer: vowel 4. James Cook gave the Hawaiian Islands this other name in honor of an Earl who invented a food item. answer: Sandwich Islands 5. What musician and surfer released the album In Between Dreams with song "Better Together"? answer: Jack Johnson 6. This is the capital and largest city of Hawaii. answer: Honolulu 7. This kind of Hawaiian feast might feature poi and kalua pig. answer: luau 8. In its top left corner, the state flag of Hawaii features what flag of the United Kingdom? answer: The Union Jack 9. In this sport, the University of Hawaii warriors went 12-0 in the 2007 season, but lost the Sugar Bowl to Georgia. answer: (college) football 10. The Japanese attacked what Oahu port on December 7, 1941? answer: Pearl Harbor CHARTER CHALLENGE 5 (JAN 2008) ROUND 6 EDITORS: HENRY GORMAN, NEERAJ VIJAY, AND NICK KIRBY GRADES 7 AND 8 Bonus Category: MARK TWAIN 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Civil War Memorials
    408 SUVCW Dept. of California & Pacific - Civil War & Grand Army of the Republic (GAR) Memorials Project HI – HONOLULU Home: http://www.suvpac.org/memorials.html Case Name: HI-Honolulu-Honolulu-EwaElementary-Statue-Lincoln-1944 State: Hawaii Type: County: Honolulu Statue, bronze, depicting Abraham Lincoln splitting logs. Location: Ewa Elementary School, 91-1280 Renton Road, Ewa Beach, HI. Photos: Right: Photo of statue, courtesy John Riggs (Carlin Camp 25), Latitude: North 21.34420 (Google Earth) 2014. [additional photos needed] Longitude: West 158.03417 Reported by: Civil War Union Monuments, 1978 book, by Daughters of the Union Veterans of the Civil War Researched by: Status: Under Assessment X Needs Further Investigation Completed CWM-61 (assessment form) available Form CWM-62 (grant application) available Notes: Described in Civil War Union Monuments (Baruch & Beckman, 1978) as follows: "Lincoln Statue, Lincoln, The Frontiersman, sculptor, Avard Fairbanks, dedicated 1944, located on the grounds of Ewa Elementary School. Mrs. Katherine Burke, a former principal of the school, left money in her will, in 1935, to begin the project. Public subscription added to the fund, and the sculptor, Mr. Fairbanks, who had visited Hawaii, contributed his services." Copyright © 2015 — Dept. of CA & Pacific, Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War. This information is copyrighted. It is intended to provide information regarding monuments and memorials associated with the Grand Army of the Republic and the Civil War. Copies of pages and information may be made for personal use but commercial use of these pages shall not be allowed without the expressed, written consent of the Dept. of CA & Pacific, Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War.
    [Show full text]
  • Nice Guys Finish First: the Competitive Altruism Hypothesis
    Nice Guys Finish First: The Competitive Altruism Hypothesis Charlie L. Hardy Mark Van Vugt University of Kent at Canterbury Three experimental studies examined the relationship between is one of the major puzzles in the behavioral sciences altruistic behavior and the emergence of status hierarchies today. Across many decades of research, social psychol- within groups. In each study, group members were confronted ogists studying altruism and cooperation have identi- with a social dilemma in which they could either benefit them- fied numerous important factors that affect helping selves or their group. Study 1 revealed that in a reputation behavior, such as empathy (Batson, Duncan, Ackerman, environment when contributions were public, people were more Buckley, & Birch, 1981), closeness (Neyer & Lang, altruistic. In both Studies 1 and 2, the most altruistic members 2003), mood (Isen, 1970), values (Omoto & Snyder, gained the highest status in their group and were most fre- 1995; Van Lange, Otten, De Bruin, & Joireman, 1997), quently preferred as cooperative interaction partners. Study 3 and rewards for helping and costs for not helping showed that as the costs of altruism increase, the status rewards (Penner, Dovidio, Schroeder, & Piliavin, 2005; Van also increase. These results support the premise at the heart of Vugt, 1998). Yet, social psychological models of altruism competitive altruism: Individuals may behave altruistically for often do not address where these basic motivations reputation reasons because selective benefits (associated with come from or how they came to be so important in status) accrue to the generous. human evolutionary history (cf. McAndrew, 2002). For evolutionary theorists, altruism has always been some- thing of an enigma.
    [Show full text]
  • Going Green to Be Seen: Status, Reputation, and Conspicuous Conservation
    INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS AND GROUP PROCESSES Going Green to Be Seen: Status, Reputation, and Conspicuous Conservation Vladas Griskevicius Joshua M. Tybur University of Minnesota University of New Mexico Bram Van den Bergh Rotterdam School of Management Why do people purchase proenvironmental “green” products? We argue that buying such products can be construed as altruistic, since green products often cost more and are of lower quality than their conventional counterparts, but green goods benefit the environment for everyone. Because biologists have observed that altruism might function as a “costly signal” associated with status, we examined in 3 experiments how status motives influenced desire for green products. Activating status motives led people to choose green products over more luxurious nongreen products. Supporting the notion that altruism signals one’s willingness and ability to incur costs for others’ benefit, status motives increased desire for green products when shopping in public (but not private) and when green products cost more (but not less) than nongreen products. Findings suggest that status competition can be used to promote proenvironmental behavior. Keywords: altruism, environmental conservation, costly signaling, status competition, consumer behavior A good reputation is more valuable than money. ported that the number one reason for purchasing the car is because —Publilius Syrus, 100 B.C. it “makes a statement about me.” What statement does the Prius make? “It shows the world that its owner cares” (Maynard, 2007). Consider the following car: a compact sedan with a small trunk, At first blush it may seem puzzling why individuals would pay standard cloth seats, excellent gas mileage, and a sluggish engine.
    [Show full text]