CHANGE and CONTINUITY in TWENTIETH-CENTURY AMERICA

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

CHANGE and CONTINUITY in TWENTIETH-CENTURY AMERICA CHANGE AND CONTINUITY in TWENTIETH-CENTURY AMERICA Edited by John Braeman, Robert H. Bremner, and Everett Walters CHANGE AND CONTINUITY in TWENTIETH-CENTURY AMERICA The events of the past seventy-five years have produced significant changes in nearly every aspect of American life. In a period as brief as the span of human lifetime, however, it is to be expected that old and familiar elements will mingle with and temper the forces of change and novelty. Each of the essays in this book is concerned in some manner with the relation of tradition and innovation. They are: "The Emergence of America as a World Power: Some Second Thoughts," by Richard W. Leopold "The Square Deal in Action: A Case Study in the Growth of the 'National Police Power,' " by John Braeman "The New Deal and the Ana/ogue of War," by William E. Leuchtenburg "The Great Depression: Another Watershed in American History?", by Richard S. Kirkendall "Continuity and Change in Government-Business Relations," by Arthur M. Johnson "The Emergence of Mass-Production Unionism," by David Brody "Poverty in Perspective," by Robert H. Bremner Change and Continuity in Twentieth-Century America is the first volume in a series entitled Modern America, which is designed to meet the demand for additional publication outlets for the steadily increasing amount of research in recent American history since 1890. Volumes in the series will be published annually and will contain interpretive articles synthesizing existing research, as well as the results of new investigations. Designed by P. David Horton MODERN AMERICA Number 1 Change and Continuity In Twentieth-Century America Change and Continuity in Twentieth-Century America Edited by John Braeman Robert H. Bremner Everett Walters lio State University Press Copyright © 1964 by the Ohio State University Press All Rights Reserved Library of Congress Catalogue Card Number: 64-19380 INTRODUCTION THIS is the first in a series of annual volumes devoted to the history of the United States since 1890 that will be pub­ lished by the Ohio State University Press. The series, whose over-all title is MODERN AMERICA, is intended to facilitate publication of scholarly articles in all areas of recent Amer­ ican history. The editors hope that MODERN AMERICA will provide a publication outlet for monographic studies as well as synthetic and interpretative essays. The events of the past seventy-five years have produced significant changes in nearly every aspect of American life. In a period as brief as the span of human lifetime, however, it is to be expected that old and familiar elements will mingle with and temper the forces of change and novelty. The editors have, therefore, chosen Change and Continuity in Twentieth-Century America as the theme of the first volume of MODERN AMERICA. Each of the essays in the book is concerned in some manner with the relation of tra­ dition and innovation. In the 1960's, the United States stands as one of the two global superpowers. Many historians date the emergence INTRODUCTION viii of America as a world power from the Spanish-American War and the acquisition of the Philippines. But did the events of 1898 result in fundamental changes in the prin­ ciples and practice of American foreign policy? Richard W. Leopold, in "The Emergence of America as a World Power: Some Second Thoughts," concludes that the years between 1898 and 1920 witnessed no such decisive change. "In 1920, as in 1898," Leopold writes, "the average citizen thought the United States could be a world power and still adhere to the practices of an earlier day." One of the outstanding trends of the twentieth century has been the increasingly important role played by the fed­ eral government in safeguarding the public health, morals, and welfare. In the nineteenth century such activities were the responsibility of the states under their reserved police power. The assumption of these new responsibilities by the federal government involved formidable political and con­ stitutional obstacles. John Braeman's "The Square Deal in Action: A Case Study in the Growth of the 'National Police Power' " makes a study in depth of the passage of one of the milestones in this development—the meat inspection law of 1906. The greatest advance in federal activity in behalf of the public welfare came during the New Deal in response to the exigencies of the Great Depression. William E. Leuch­ tenburg, in "The New Deal and the Analogue of War," shows how Americans used the imagery of war to describe the country's plight in the 1930's and how New Dealers drew upon the legacy of the World War I mobilization for their proposals. "The legacy of the war," Leuchtenburg asserts, "was to prove a mixed blessing. Useful as a justifi­ cation for New Deal actions, it also served to limit and divert the reformers in ways that had not been anticipated." The shortcomings of the war analogy were in large part responsible for the New Deal's failure to face up to "the ix INTRODUCTION real problems of the relation of order to liberty which the power of the twentieth century creates." This conclusion raises the question whether the New Deal was as much of a turning point in American history as many historians have believed. Richard S. Kirkendall examines the problem in "The Great Depression: Another Watershed in American History?" Kirkendall argues that the role of change in the 1930's has been overemphasized and the importance of continuity neglected. "The leading developments of the depression decade which are associated with the New Deal," he contends, "should not be viewed as radical new beginnings in American history but chiefly as significant parts of a large-scale transformation of Ameri­ can capitalism that had been under way for at least half a century before the 1930's." A significant aspect of the transformation of American capitalism has been the change in the relations between government and business. The extent of laissez faire in the nineteenth century has been much exaggerated; yet the businessman at the beginning of this century remained largely free from governmental restraint. The situation today is much changed, but the business decision-maker is still the key figure in the economy. Arthur M. Johnson shows, in his "Continuity and Change in Government- Business Relations," that the keynote of the changing rela­ tionship between business and government has been "a basic pragmatism." Perhaps the most striking feature of the transformation of American capitalism in the twentieth century has been the rise of a powerful labor movement. Big labor has become, in John Galbraith's phrase, a major "counter­ vailing power" to big business. David Brody, in "The Emergence of Mass-Production Unionism," examines the revolutionary breakthrough of unionization in the mass- production industries in the 1930's. While not underrating INTRODUCTION the importance of the formation of the CIO, or of a sympa­ thetic government acting through the Wagner Act and the National Labor Relations Board, Brody finds that the com­ ing of World War II was decisive in the triumph of unionism in the mass-production industries. Even before mass unionization, the average American worker enjoyed a standard of living that was the envy of his European fellows. Historically, the United States has been regarded as the land of plenty for all. But observers have in recent years increasingly lamented the persistence of poverty in the affluent society. Robert H. Bremner, in "Poverty in Perspective," finds that the discovery of pov­ erty in the United States is not new to this generation—and he shows how changing interpretations of poverty and its causes reflect fundamental changes in American ideas and social attitudes. The editors extend their thanks to the contributors, to the many historians who have expressed interest in MODERN AMERICA, and to Weldon A. Kefauver of the Ohio State University Press. Without Mr. Kefauver's co-operation and assistance, this volume would not have been possible. The next two volumes in the series are in preparation. One will be devoted to "The 1920's Revisited"; the other to "American Foreign Policy in the Twentieth Century." JOHN BRAEMAN ROBERT H. BREMNER EVERETT WALTERS CONTENTS THE EMERGENCE OF AMERICA AS A WORLD POWER: SOME SECOND THOUGHTS Richard W. Leopold 3 THE SQUARE DEAL IN ACTION: A CASE STUDY IN THE GROWTH OF THE "NATIONAL POLICE POWER" John Braeman 35 THE NEW DEAL AND THE ANALOGUE OF WAR William E. Leuchtenburg 81 THE GREAT DEPRESSION: ANOTHER WATERSHED IN AMERICAN HISTORY? Richard S. Kirkendall 145 CONTINUITY AND CHANGE IN GOVERNMENT­ BUSINESS RELATIONS Arthur M. Johnson 191 THE EMERGENCE OF MASS-PRODUCTION UNIONISM David Brody 221 POVERTY IN PERSPECTIVE Robert H. Bremner 263 NOTES ON THE CONTRIBUTORS 281 INDEX 283 Change and Continuity in Twentieth-Century America The Emergence of America as a World Power: Some Second Thoughts RICHARD W. LEOPOLD EARLY in 1901 a foreign diplomat declared that, during his brief residence in Washington, he had observed two differ­ ent nations—the United States before the War with Spain and the United States after that conflict.1 This remark has been quoted frequently to indicate the profound impact of the contest with Spain upon American foreign policy. Ac­ cording to this interpretation, the "splendid little war," as that inveterate phrasemaker John Hay called it, did more than terminate the bloodshed in Cuba and liberate the island from Spanish misrule. It also constituted a decisive factor in transforming the continental republic into an overseas empire, an empire with possessions in not only the Caribbean and the central Pacific but also the western Pacific and the South China Sea. There can be little doubt that the years 1898 and 1899 formed some sort of watershed in the growth of the role 1.
Recommended publications
  • Agricultural Policy and the Fate of a Gulf South Oilseed Industry, 1902-1969
    Mississippi State University Scholars Junction Theses and Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 1-1-2013 Tung Tried: Agricultural Policy and the Fate of a Gulf South Oilseed Industry, 1902-1969 Whitney Adrienne Snow Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/td Recommended Citation Snow, Whitney Adrienne, "Tung Tried: Agricultural Policy and the Fate of a Gulf South Oilseed Industry, 1902-1969" (2013). Theses and Dissertations. 4795. https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/td/4795 This Dissertation - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Scholars Junction. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholars Junction. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Automated Template B: Created by James Nail 2011V2.01 Tung tried: agricultural policy and the fate of a Gulf South oilseed industry, 1902-1969 By Whitney Adrienne Snow A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of Mississippi State University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History in the Department of History Mississippi State, Mississippi May 2013 Copyright by Whitney Adrienne Snow 2013 Tung tried: agricultural policy and the fate of a Gulf South oilseed industry, 1902-1969 By Whitney Adrienne Snow Approved: _________________________________ _________________________________ Mark D. Hersey Alison Collis Greene Associate Professor of History Assistant Professor of History (Director of Dissertation) (Committee Member) _________________________________ _________________________________ Stephen C. Brain Alan I Marcus Assistant Professor of History Professor of History (Committee Member) (Committee Member) _________________________________ _________________________________ Sterling Evans Peter C. Messer Committee Participant of History Associate Professor of History (Committee Member) (Graduate Coordinator) _________________________________ R.
    [Show full text]
  • To the Franklin Pierce Papers
    INDEX TO THE Franklin Pierce Papers THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS • PRESIDENTS' PAPERS INDEX SERIES INDEX TO THE Franklin Pierce Papers MANUSCRIPT DIVISION • REFERENCE DEPARTMENT LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON: 1962 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 60-60077 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D.C. - Price 25 cents Preface THIS INDEX to the Franklin Pierce Papers is a direct result of the wish of the Congress and the President, as expressed by Public Law 85-147 of August 16,1957, and amended by Public Law 87-263 dated September 21,1961, to arrange, micro­ film, and index the papers of the Presidents in the Library of Congress in order "to preserve their contents against destruction by \'.'ar or other calamity," to make the Pierce and other Presidential Papers more "readily available for study and research," and to inspire informed patriotism. An appropriation to carry out the provision of the law was approved on July 31, 1958, and actual operations began on August 25. The microfilm of the Pierce Papers became available in 1960. Positive copies of the film may be purchased from the Chief, Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, \Vashington 25, D.C. A positive print is available for interlibrary loan through the Chief, Loan Division, Library of Congress. Contents Introduction PAGE Provenance . V Selected Bibliography vi How to Use This Index vi Reel List viii A b brevia tions viii Index The Index 1 Appendices National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections card 14 Description of the Papers 15 Sources of Acquisition 15 Statement of the Librarian of Congress 16 III Introduction Provenance These surviving Pierce Papers represent but a small part of \vhat must have existed when Pierce left the E\V HAMPSHIRE \vas silent for half a \Vhite House.
    [Show full text]
  • Truman, Congress and the Struggle for War and Peace In
    TRUMAN, CONGRESS AND THE STRUGGLE FOR WAR AND PEACE IN KOREA A Dissertation by LARRY WAYNE BLOMSTEDT Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May 2008 Major Subject: History TRUMAN, CONGRESS AND THE STRUGGLE FOR WAR AND PEACE IN KOREA A Dissertation by LARRY WAYNE BLOMSTEDT Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Approved by: Chair of Committee, Terry H. Anderson Committee Members, Jon R. Bond H. W. Brands John H. Lenihan David Vaught Head of Department, Walter L. Buenger May 2008 Major Subject: History iii ABSTRACT Truman, Congress and the Struggle for War and Peace in Korea. (May 2008) Larry Wayne Blomstedt, B.S., Texas State University; M.S., Texas A&M University-Kingsville Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Terry H. Anderson This dissertation analyzes the roles of the Harry Truman administration and Congress in directing American policy regarding the Korean conflict. Using evidence from primary sources such as Truman’s presidential papers, communications of White House staffers, and correspondence from State Department operatives and key congressional figures, this study suggests that the legislative branch had an important role in Korean policy. Congress sometimes affected the war by what it did and, at other times, by what it did not do. Several themes are addressed in this project. One is how Truman and the congressional Democrats failed each other during the war. The president did not dedicate adequate attention to congressional relations early in his term, and was slow to react to charges of corruption within his administration, weakening his party politically.
    [Show full text]
  • Curriculum Vitae
    JAMES J. CONNOLLY Ball State University [email protected] Education: Ph.D. American History. Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, 1995. M.A. History. University of Massachusetts-Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, 1989. B.A. English. College of the Holy Cross, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1984. Professional Experience/Appointments: Director, Center for Middletown Studies, Ball State University, 2005- Co-Director, Digital Scholarship Lab, Ball State University, 2016- George and Frances Ball Distinguished Professor of History, Ball State University, 2014- Professor of History, 2009-2014 Associate Professor, 2000-2009 Assistant Professor, 1996-2000 Visiting Professor of History/Fulbright Scholar, Free University Berlin, 2013 Director, History Graduate Program, Ball State University, 2000-2004 Visiting Assistant Professor, University of Texas-Arlington, 1995-1996 Visiting Lecturer, University of Washington, 1995 Instructor, University of Massachusetts-Boston, 1993 Instructor, Boston University, 1992 Teaching Assistant, Brandeis University, 1990-1992 Survey Researcher, Abt Associates, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1987-1992 Work in Progress: Publications: “From the Middle to the Margins: Globalization in an Emblematic American Town” (book project, in development) “Mood, Rhythm, Texture: Everyday Life Studies in Middletown,” (article manuscript, in preparation with Patrick Collier) Digital Projects: Everyday Life in Middletown, 2017- [Digital archive of day diaries, text analysis tool, and blog documenting and investigating everyday life;
    [Show full text]
  • Creating Farm Foundation 47 Chapter 4: Hiring Henry C
    © 2007 by Farm Foundation This book was published by Farm Foundation for nonprofit educational purposes. Farm Foundation is a non-profit organization working to improve the economic and social well being of U.S. agriculture, the food system and rural communities by serving as a catalyst to assist private- and public-sector decision makers in identifying and understanding forces that will shape the future. ISBN: 978-0-615-17375-7 Library of Congress Control Number: 2007940452 Cover design by Howard Vitek Page design by Patricia Frey No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of the publisher: Farm Foundation 1301 West 22nd Street, Suite 615 Oak Brook, Illinois 60523 Web site: www.farmfoundation.org First edition. Published 2007 Table of Contents R.J. Hildreth – A Tribute v Prologue vii Chapter 1: Legge and Lowden 1 Chapter 2: Events Leading to the Founding of Farm Foundation 29 Chapter 3: Creating Farm Foundation 47 Chapter 4: Hiring Henry C. Taylor 63 Chapter 5: The Taylor Years 69 Chapter 6: The Birth and Growth of Committees 89 Chapter 7: National Public Policy Education Committee 107 Chapter 8: Farm Foundation Programming in the 1950s and 1960s 133 Chapter 9: Farm Foundation Round Table 141 Chapter 10: The Hildreth Legacy: Farm Foundation Programming in the 1970s and 1980s 153 Chapter 11: The Armbruster Era: Strategic Planning and Programming 1991-2007 169 Chapter 12: Farm Foundation’s Financial History 181 Chapter 13: The Future 197 Acknowledgments 205 Endnotes 207 Appendix 223 About the Authors 237 R.J.
    [Show full text]
  • University Microfilms. Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan the UNIVERSITY of OKLAHOMA
    This dissertation has been 65-12,998 microfilmed exactly as received MATHENY, David Leon, 1931- A COMPAEISON OF SELECTED FOREIGN POLICY SPEECHES OF SENATOR TOM CONNALLY. The University of Oklahoma, Ph.D., 1965 ^eech-Theater University Microfilms. Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA GRADUATE COLLEGE A COMPARISON OP SELECTED FOREIGN POLICY SPEECHES OF SENATOR TOM CONNALLY A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY BY DAVID LEON MATHENY Norman, Oklahoma 1965 A COMPARISON OP SELECTED FOREXON POLICY SPEECHES OP SENATOR TOM CONNALLY APPROVED BY L-'iJi'Ui (^ A -o ç.J^\AjLôLe- DISSERTATION COMMITTEE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The writer wishes to express thanks to Professor Wayne E. Brockriede and members of the University of Oklahoma Speech Faculty for guidance during the preparation of this dissertation. A special word of thanks should go to Profes­ sor George T. Tade and the Administration of Texas Christian University for encouragement during the latter stages of the study and to the three M's — Mary, Melissa and Melanie — for great understanding throughout the entire project. TABLE OP CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS..................................... Ill Chapter I. INTRODUCTION ......................... 1 Purpose of the S t u d y ..................... 6 Previous Research......................... 8 Sources of Material....................... 9 Method of Organization ................... 10 II. CONNALLY, THE SPEAKER....................... 12 Connally's Non-Congresslonal Speaking Career.......... 12 General Attributes of Connally's Speaking............................... 17 Conclusion . ........................... 31 III. THE NEUTRALITY ACT DEBATE, 1939............. 32 Connally's Audience for the Neutrality Act Debate.............. 32 The Quest for Neutrality ............ 44 The Senate, Connally and Neutrality.
    [Show full text]
  • I^Igtorical ^Siisociation
    American i^igtorical ^siisociation SEVENTY-SECOND ANNUAL MEETING NEW YORK HEADQUARTERS: HOTEL STATLER DECEMBER 28, 29, 30 Bring this program with you Extra copies 25 cents Please be certain to visit the hook exhibits The Culture of Contemporary Canada Edited by JULIAN PARK, Professor of European History and International Relations at the University of Buffalo THESE 12 objective essays comprise a lively evaluation of the young culture of Canada. Closely and realistically examined are literature, art, music, the press, theater, education, science, philosophy, the social sci ences, literary scholarship, and French-Canadian culture. The authors, specialists in their fields, point out the efforts being made to improve and consolidate Canada's culture. 419 Pages. Illus. $5.75 The American Way By DEXTER PERKINS, John L. Senior Professor in American Civilization, Cornell University PAST and contemporary aspects of American political thinking are illuminated by these informal but informative essays. Professor Perkins examines the nature and contributions of four political groups—con servatives, liberals, radicals, and socialists, pointing out that the continu ance of healthy, active moderation in American politics depends on the presence of their ideas. 148 Pages. $2.75 A Short History of New Yorh State By DAVID M.ELLIS, James A. Frost, Harold C. Syrett, Harry J. Carman HERE in one readable volume is concise but complete coverage of New York's complicated history from 1609 to the present. In tracing the state's transformation from a predominantly agricultural land into a rich industrial empire, four distinguished historians have drawn a full pic ture of political, economic, social, and cultural developments, giving generous attention to the important period after 1865.
    [Show full text]
  • The Pulitzer Prizes 2020 Winne
    WINNERS AND FINALISTS 1917 TO PRESENT TABLE OF CONTENTS Excerpts from the Plan of Award ..............................................................2 PULITZER PRIZES IN JOURNALISM Public Service ...........................................................................................6 Reporting ...............................................................................................24 Local Reporting .....................................................................................27 Local Reporting, Edition Time ..............................................................32 Local General or Spot News Reporting ..................................................33 General News Reporting ........................................................................36 Spot News Reporting ............................................................................38 Breaking News Reporting .....................................................................39 Local Reporting, No Edition Time .......................................................45 Local Investigative or Specialized Reporting .........................................47 Investigative Reporting ..........................................................................50 Explanatory Journalism .........................................................................61 Explanatory Reporting ...........................................................................64 Specialized Reporting .............................................................................70
    [Show full text]
  • Richard J. Whalen Papers
    http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt9k4040h3 No online items Inventory of the Richard J. Whalen papers Finding aid prepared by Richard J. Whalen and Hoover Institution Library and Archives Staff with inventory of incremental material by Rachel Yamada Hoover Institution Library and Archives © 2011 434 Galvez Mall Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305-6003 [email protected] URL: http://www.hoover.org/library-and-archives Inventory of the Richard J. 2011C13 1 Whalen papers Title: Richard J. Whalen papers Date (inclusive): 1930-2010 Collection Number: 2011C13 Contributing Institution: Hoover Institution Library and Archives Language of Material: English Physical Description: 60 manuscript boxes, 8 oversized boxes(31.4 Linear Feet) Abstract: Correspondence, writings, notes, interview transcripts, printed matter, and sound and video recordings, relating to twentieth-century American politics, Joseph P. Kennedy and the Kennedy family, the Republican Party, and the presidential administrations of Richard M. Nixon and Ronald Reagan. Includes research materials for books by R. J. Whalen. Hoover Institution Library & Archives Access The collection is open for research; materials must be requested at least two business days in advance of intended use. Publication Rights Users must sign use agreement. For copyright status, please contact the Hoover Institution Library & Archives. Acquisition Information Acquired by the Hoover Institution Library & Archives in 2011. Preferred Citation [Identification of item], Richard J. Whalen papers, [Box no., Folder no. or title], Hoover Institution Library & Archives. Biographical/Historical Note Richard J. Whalen, born in New York City in 1935, graduated with honors in English and Political Science from Queens College in 1957. He joined the Richmond (VA) News Leader and rose from the rewrite desk to the associate editorship under James Jackson Kilpatrick in two years.
    [Show full text]
  • Xerox University Microfilms 3 0 0North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 75 - 21,515
    INFORMATION TO USERS This material was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1 .T h e sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred image. You will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., was part of the material being photographed the photographer followed a definite method in "sectioning" the material. It is customary to begin photoing at the upper le ft hand corner of a large sheet and to continue photoing from left to right in equal sections with a small overlap. If necessary, sectioning is continued again — beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. The majority of users indicate that the textual content is of greatest value, however, a somewhat higher quality reproduction could be made from "photographs" if essential to the understanding of the dissertation.
    [Show full text]
  • Human Longing Is for Nothing Less Than the Reconciliation of Time and Place
    uman longing is for nothing less than the reconciliation of time and place, of past and future, of the many and the one, of the living and the dead. HBoston is precious because it lives in the national imagination, and increasingly the world’s, just so— as a still brilliant map of America’s good hope. —James Carroll from Mapping Boston Helping to Build The Good City The Boston Foundation works closely with its donors to make real, measurable change in some of the most important issues of our day. A number of key areas of community life benefited from the Foundation’s “Understanding Boston” model for social change in 2005: Research This year, the Foundation’s third biennial Boston Indicators Report identified the key competitive issues facing Boston and the region and offered an emerging civic agenda. The Foundation also released the third annual “Housing Report Card” and a report on ways for towns and cities to build affordable housing without increasing school costs. Other reports focused on goals for Boston Harbor and the Waterfront—and the impact and role of Greater Boston’s higher education institutions through the Carol R. Goldberg Seminar. Major Convenings All Boston Foundation reports are released at forums attracting thousands of people every year. In 2005 alone, the Foundation held some 20 forums on a diverse set of issues—including two major housing convenings, sessions focused on strengthening the nonprofit sector and community safety—and forums examining the effects of the tsunami and Hurricane Katrina on national and local philanthropy. Task Forces Task Forces of experts and stakeholders are convened and facilitated by the Foundation.
    [Show full text]
  • 240 Years of the Wealth of Nations 240 Anos De a Riqueza Das Nações
    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6351/3743 240 years of The Wealth of Nations 240 anos de A Riqueza das Nações Maria Pia Paganelli Trinity University Abstract Resumo Why should we read a book printed 240 Por que deveríamos ler um livro publicado há years ago? The book is old. Our circum- 240 anos? Trata-se de um livro antigo. Nossas stances and institutions are different. Its ex- circunstâncias e instituições são diferentes. Seus amples are dated. Its policies are irrelevant exemplos são datados. Suas recomendações de today. Its economic theories are full of mis- política são irrelevantes hoje. Suas teorias econô- takes. Even its political ideology is ambigu- micas estão repletas de erros. Mesmo a sua ideo- ous. So, why bother reading this old book? logia política é ambígua. Então, por que se dar ao trabalho de ler este velho livro? Keywords Palavras-chave Adam Smith; Wealth of Nations; wealth; Adam Smith; A Riqueza das Nações; riqueza; growth; justice. crescimento; justiça. JEL Codes B12; O10. Códigos JEL B12; O10. v.27 n.2 p.7-19 2017 Nova Economia� 7 Paganelli “Convictions are more dangerous enemies of truth than lies” Friedrich Nietzsche Why would anybody care to read a book that is almost two and a half centuries old? Better (or worse), why would anybody refer to – and yet not read – a book that is well over two centuries old? Or maybe I should ask: why should anybody read a book that is well over two centuries old? Age aside, the Wealth of Nations is also in many ways a dated book.
    [Show full text]