( PAY MISSION'S i

ON THE

F o r e ig n M issio n s

OF THE

United Presbyterian Church

Of North America

1916, 1917, 1918

(Tbe B oard of Joreian iftfastonf 99 the mnitei) pïæîyçtertan Cimtcb of VL a , 200 Vlmtb ÿttteentb Stsest, J&fcfJaDeipbia, $a. READ MISSIONARY MAGAZINES THE WOMEN’S MISSIONARY MAGAZINE, $1.00 per year. Monthly. THE MISSIONARY REVIEW OF THE WORLD. $2.50 $er year. Monthly. THE INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF MISSIONS. $2.00 per year. Quarterly. THE MOSLEM WORLD. $1.25 per year. Quarterly. THE WORLD OUTLOOK. $2.00 per year Monthly. EVERYLAND. $1.50 per year. Monthly The United Presbyterian Board of Foreign Missions, 200 North Fifteenth Street, Philadelphia, will gladly forward your subscription for any of these magazines. PRAY DAIt*Y FOR THE WORK AND WORKERS THE PRAYER CYCLE OF THE UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH is published yearly by the Women’s Board. It unites all in the service of intercession by listing all the institutions and workers of all the Boards of our Church in special prayer, for each day of the month. Every United Presbyterian should hare one for use in his own private devotions. Order from Literature Secretary, 904 Publication BIdg., Pittsburgh, Pa. USE MISSIONARY ILLUSTRATED LECTURES IN THE NILE VALLEY, 112 slides. A new lecture on Egypt. NORTH INDIA AND THE GOSPEL, WITH SUPPLEMENTARY PIC­ TURES ON KASHMIR, 13? slides. THE EGYPTIAN SUDAN, 96 slides.

THE MOSLEM WORLD, 110 slides. OUR WORLD WORK, 92 slides. A lecture giving a summary of t%9 work ic the three fields and some slides of the summer Con­ ferences For presenting these lectures, you will need a stereopticon lantern end a screen. Lecture includes the slides and typewritten manuscript Rental charges on each lecture, $2.00, plus cost of transportation both ways. Address U P. Board of Foreign Missions, 200 N. Fifteenth Street Philadelphia. Pa. T r i e n n i a l

o f t h e ---- Board of Foreign Missions

OK T H E ------UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH /> •

OB'-----

NORTH AMERICA

Containing Summary of the 58th, 59th and 60th Reports of the Board, Presented to the General Assemblies of 1917, 1918, 1919. Summary of the Reports of the Women’s Board for the same years. The Triennial Reportof the flission in Egypt. The Triennial Reportof the flission in India. The Triennial Reportof the flission in The Sudan. General Statement ofReceipts and Payments, &c., &c.

PHILADELPHIA : PATTBSON PRINTING HOUSE, 1840 MARKET STREET I919 B O Y S’ HOME, KHARTUM Luke on the right and Babu on the left of Umdulla. CONTENTS.

PAGE The Board of Foreign Missions...... 4 Roll of Missionaries, Dec. 31, 1919, ...... 5-6 Historical S k etch ,...... • • • 7 General Information, ...... 8 Bequests and A nnuities,...... • • • ® Act of Incorporation,...... 9 Summary of the Board’s Annual Reports to the General Assemblies, 1917, 1918, 1919, ...... 13 Recommendations of the General Assemblies in connection with the Reports of the Foreign Boards...... 33 Summary of the Annual Reports of the Foreign Department of the Women’s Board to the General Assemblies,1917 , 1918, 1919. . . . 38 Recommendations of the General Assemblies in connection with the Reports of the Women’s Board, ...... 42 T r i e n n i a l R e p o r t o f t h e M is s io n in E g y p t , ...... 47 Statistics—Egypt, . . . . \ ...... 107

T r i e n n i a l R e p o r t o f t h e M is s io n i n I n d ia , ...... 115 Statistics—I n d ia ,...... 191 T r i e n n i a l R e p o r t o f t h e M is s io n i n T h e S u d a n ...... 197 Statistics—The Sudan, • • ...... 220 Officers and Members of Board since Organization, ...... 222 Alphabetical List of M issionaries,...... 223 Treasurer’s R e p o r t ,...... 232 Topical In dex,...... 288 ILLUSTRATIONS.

FACING PAGE The Boys’ Home, Khartum ,...... Frontispiece Robert L. Latimer, E sq.,...... 16 Rev. Andrew Watson, D.D., L L . D . ,...... 49 Rev. W. R. C oventry,...... 50 Briiish Army Scenes in Egypt...... 64 Two Educational Institutions in Cairo...... 81 Some Means of Itinerating in E g y p t,...... 97 Mikhail Mansur,...... 105 Miss Nannie J. S p en cer,...... 117 Mrs. T. E. Holliday...... 118 Religion in In d ia ,...... 128 Indian Christian Village Life, ...... 144 Two Religious Teachers in India,...... 176 Grave of R. W. Tedrick...... Offieers of the Indian Christian Punjab Regiment...... 189 Girls’ Schools in the Sudan...... 208 BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS.

Members.

(REV. S. G. FITZGERALD. 1917- 1920^ MR. ROBERT L. LATIMER. ( “ FRED. O. SHANE. f REV. T. B. TURNBULL, D.D. 3 MR. JOHN R. McLEAN. 191^1921 „ ROBERT killough. JAS. H. KERR. ( REV. M. G. KYLE, D.D., LL.D. 1 “ CH AS. S. CLELAND, D.D. 1919-1922 j .. W. M. ANDERSON, D.D. I m r . GEO. INNES.

Officers.

P r e s i d e n t .

Rk v . M. G. KYLE, D.D., LL. D., 1132 A rrott St., F rank ford, Philadelphia, Pa.

R e c o r d in g S e c r e t a r y .

r k v . C. S. CLELAND, D.D., 802 North 17th St., Philadelphia, Pa.

H o n o r a r y C orresponding S e c r e t a r y . REV. CHARLES R. WATSON, D.D., 1005 Land Title Bldg., Philadelphia, Pa.

C orresponding S e c r e t a r y .

R e v . W. B. ANDERSON, D. D., 200 North Fifteenth St.. Philadelphia, Pa.

A s s o c ia t e S e c r e t a r y .

R e v . M ILL S J. T A Y L O R , 200 North Fifteenth St., Philadelphia, Pa.

E d u c a t io n a l S e c r e t a r y .

M i s s ANNA A. MILLIGAN, 200 North Fifteenth St., Philadelphia, Pa.

T r e a s u r e r .

ROBERT L. LATIMER, E s q ., 24 North Front Street, Philadelphia, Pa.

Stated meeting at r.30 o ’clock P . M ., Second Monday in each month, in the Second United Presbyterian Church, Race Street, near 16th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Roll of Missionaries.

ROLL OF MISSIONARIES, December 31, J9J8*: EGYPT.

Rev. J. W. Acheson Miss Sara M. Adair Rev. J. R. Alexander, D.D. Miss Alda B. Atchison Rev. J. W. Baird Miss Mary E. Baird Mr. C. S. Bell Miss Ella M. Barnes Rev. J. H. Boyd Miss Margaret A. Bell Rev. R. W. Caldwell Miss Carrie M. Buchanan, Lit.D. Rev. E. E. Elder Miss Ida Leota Cabeen Dr. H. L. Finley Miss Beulah B. Chalmers Rev. Dalton Galloway Miss Annie L. Corkey Rev. John Giffen, D.D. Airs. Mary K. Coventry Rev. W. P. Gilmor Miss Anna B. Criswell Dr. A. F. Grant Miss Ella B. Downie Rev. S. G. Hart Miss Ruth M. Eddy Rev. F. D. Henderson Miss Helen J. Ferrier Dr. L. M. Henry Miss Davida M. Finney Prof. W. W. Hickman, Ph.D. Miss Minnehaha Finney Prof. F. S. Hoyman Mrs. Nannie M. Finney Rev. J. G. Hunt, D.D. Miss Elsie M. French Rev. W. B. Jamison Miss Alfaretta M. Hammond Rev. J. Kruidenier, D.D. Miss Rena L. Hogg Dr. F. C. McClanahan Miss May Holland Rev. N. D. McClanahan Miss Isabel Hosack Prof. R. S. McClenahan, LL.D. Miss Florence A. Hutchison Rev. R. G. McGill Miss Anna M. McConaughy Rev. R. T. McLaughlin Miss Jeannette L. McCrory Prof. C. A. Owen Miss Carol E. McMillan Rtv. H. E. Philips, Ph.D. Miss E. Roxy Martin Dr. A. W. Pollock Miss Helen J. Martin Rev. J. K. Quay Miss Dora B. Mason Rev. Henry Rankin Miss Olive T. Mason Rev. W. H. Reed Miss Mary M. Pattison Rev. M. S. Roy Miss Margaret A. Smith Prof. C. P. Russell Miss Nellie C. Smith Rev. A. A. Thompson Miss E. Dorcas Teas Rev. Prof. F. S. Thompson Miss Anna Y. Thompson Rev. R. W. Walker Miss Mary L. Thompson Rev. S. A. W ork Miss Laura B. Walker Rev. S. M. Zwemer, D.D.f Miss Ida Whiteside Miss Ruth A. Work THE EGYPTIAN SUDAN. Rev. R. L. Edie Rev. P. J. Smith Rev. J. Kelly Giffen, D.D. Rev. G. A. Sowash Dr. P. E. Gilmor Miss Una Coie Mr. C. B. Guthrie Miss Sara I! Dight Rev. T. A. Lambie, M.D. Miss Elsie E. Grove Rev. D. S. Oyler Miss Emma M. McKeown Rev. R. F. Shields Miss Kathryn MacKenzie

*For post office addresses see Foreign Missions Handbook, f Missionary associated through the courtesy of the Reformed Church in America. 6 Roll of Missionaries. INDIA.

Rev. D. E. Alter Miss Alice G. Burnham Rev. W. T. Anderson, D. D. Miss E. May Caldwell Rev. R. E. Ayers Miss Mary J. Campbell Rev. J. S. Barr, D.D. Miss A. Laura Cleland Rev. M. M. Brown, M.D. Miss M. Henrietta Cowden Rev. A. B. Caldwell. D.D. Miss Laureila G. Dickson Rev. E. E. Campbell Miss Margaret J. Fehlman Rev. J. G. Campbell Miss Bessie Fleming Rev. H. C. Chambers Miss Ella M. Gordon Rev. E. V. Clements Miss Nancy A. Hadley Rev. J. H. Colvin Miss Laura B. Hamilton Rev. Osborne Crowe Miss Marietta Hamilton Rev. D. R. Gordon, D.D. Miss Kate A. Hill Rev. J. C. Heinrich Miss Eleanore K. Holliday Rev. T. E. Holliday, D.D. Miss Flora J. Jameson Rev. A. M. Laing Miss Harriet G. Jongewaard Rev. J. A. McArthur Miss Wilhelmina J. Jongewaard, Rev. J. A. McConnelee, D.D. M.D. Rev. W. M. McKelvey Miss Mary Kyle Rev. Kenneth MacKènzie Miss Olive R. Laing Rev. J. H. Martin, D.D. Miss Mary A. Lawrence Rev. Robert Maxwell Miss Mary E. Logan Rev. W. D. Mercer Miss Elizabeth McCahon Prof. W. H. Merriam Miss Lillian A. McConnell Rev. H. S. Nesbitt Miss Rosa A. McCullough Rev. S. C. Picken Miss Eleanore W. Maconachie Rev. E. L. Porter, D.D. Miss E. Josephine Martin Rev. W. H. Ross Miss Fannie C. Martin Rev. T. L. Scott, D.D. Miss Jennie E. Martin Mr. C. A. Stewart Miss Mary R. Martin Rev. H. J. Stewart Miss Henrietta Moore Rev. J. H. Stewart Miss Sara A. Moore Prof. R. R. Stewart, Ph.D. Miss Jean B. Morrison Prof. J. G. Strong Miss Eunice E. Parr Rev. William Sutherland Miss Louise E. Scott Miss Emma Dean Anderson Miss Jessie P. Simpson, M.D. Miss Helen D. Anderson Miss Kate E. Spencer Miss Margaret A. Anderson Miss Mabel C. Stewart Miss Minnie E. Beatty Miss Martha F. Strong Miss Roma B. Beatty Miss Ruth A. Warnock Miss Hazel Bennett Miss Josephine L. White Miss M. Lois Boyd Miss Maria White, M. D. Miss Lena S. Brotherston Miss Dora B. Whitely Miss Lois M. Buchanan Historical Sketch. /

HISTORICAL SKETCH.

The United Presbyterian Church of North America came into exis­ tence in 1858, through the union of the Associate Reformed Presbyterian and the Associate Presbyterian Churches. The first General Assembly of the United Presbyterian Church met in Xenia, Ohio, in May, 1859. At that meeting a Board of Foreign Missions was chosen, consisting of nine members, and to this Board was committed the care of the several mis­ sions which had been inaugurated by the two branches of the Church prior to the union. Circumstances, which seemed wholly providential, led to the abandonment of three of the missions and the concentration of the Church’s strength upon the other two fields; the Trinidad Mission was given over in 1867 to the Presbyterian Church of the Lower Provinces (now the Presbyterian Church of Canada) ; the China Mission was trans­ ferred to the Rhenish Missionary Society in 1878; the Syrian Mission was transferred in 1878 to the care of the Presbyterian Church of Ireland. The Mission in Egypt, established in 1854, recognizes at least 9,000,000 of the 11,000,000 of the population as constituting its legitimate mission field, and its operations extend from the Mediterranean to the first Cataract. ‘ ''' The Mission in India, established in 1855, includes within its field, wholly or in large part, some seven government districts of the Punjab, with a population of more than 5,000,000; adjoining, though as yet un­ occupied, territory in Kashmir may also be recognized as its legitimate field. In 1900, the Mission in Egypt extended its operations beyond the frontiers of Egypt proper into what is called the Egyptian Sudan. This mission has now a separate and definite organization of its own, and is the third and youngest mission of the United Presbyterian Church of North America.

STATISTICAL SUMMARY, 1843-1918. The whole number of missionaries who have accepted appointment as missionaries since they first sailed, July 14, 1843, until December 31, 1918, is 454. This includes the missionaries of both branches of the Church prior to the Union. Two hundred and ten missionaries have received appointment to our Mission in Egypt. Of these, 54 were ordained men, 2 laymen, 5 college professors, 13 physicians (9 men, 4 women), 6 nurses, 69 other unmarried women and the remainder were wives of missionaries. Since the establish­ ment of the Mission 97 have retired or died. One hundred and ninety missionaries have received appointment to our Mission in India. Of these 48 were ordained men, 5 college professors, 2 laymen, 8 physicians (1 man, 7 women), I nurse, 74 other unmarried women and the remainder were wives of missionaries. Since the estab­ lishment of the Mission 75 have retired or died. Thirty-six missionaries have received appointment to our Mission in the Sudan. Of these, 8 were ordained men, 2 laymen, 5 physicians, 1 nurse, 8 other unmarried women and the remainder were wives of missionaries. Since the establishment of the Mission 14 have retired or died. 8 General Information.

GENERAL INFORMATION. Letters relating to the Board of Foreign Missions should be addressed to the Rev. W. B. Anderson, or the Rev. Mills J. Taylor, 200 N. Fifteenth Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Letters relating to Finances should be addressed to Robert L. Latimer, Esq., 24 N. Front Street, Philadelphia, Pa.

POSTAGE TO EGYPT, INDIA AND THE SUDAN. Letters, 5 cents for first ounce, and 3 cents more for each additional ounce. Postal cards, 2 cents. Newspapers, Periodicals, Books and other printed matter up to 4 pounds, 1 cent for each two ounces. Registration fee on letters or books. 10 cents additional to other postage.

MONEY VALUES. k e t ; 1 i India. Rupees, variable, at present 33 cents, three Rupees nearly one dollar. The Anna 1-16 of a Rupee, or about 2 cents, the Pice J4 oi an Anna or H a cent. Egypt. 10 Milliemes (=form erly 40 paras) = 1 piaster tarif (P. T.) = about 5 cents. I Egyptian rial = 20 piasters = one dollar. 1 Egyptian pound ( £ E) = 100 piasters = about five dollars.

FORMS OF BEQUEST. W P T ------“I do give and bequeath the sum of dollars to the Board of Foreign Missions of the United Presbyterian Church of North America.” Or, if the bequest be of real estate, as follows: “I do give, devise, and bequeath all that” (describe the property) “unto the Board of Foreign Missions of the United Presbyterian Church of North America, to have and to hold, to them and their successors forever.”

ANNUITIES. Those who wish their money to go finally to the missionary cause and who cannot afford as yet to be deprived of the income, are asked to con­ sider the Annuity Plan of the Board of Foreign Missions. Wills are often broken and bequests to missionary societies are lost. By giving your money to the Board while you live, you become your own executor and avoid the risk of a subsequent diversion o f the funds. The Annuity Plan allows you a reasonable income during life. Correspondence concerning the above should be addressed to Robert L. Latimer, Esq., 24 N. Front Street, Philadelphia. Act of Incorporation. 9

ACT OF INCORPORATION.

A n A c t to I n c o r p o r a t e t h e B o a r d o f F o r e ig n M iss io n s o f t h e U n it e d P resbyterian C h u r c h o f N o r t h A m e r ic a .

W h e r e a s , The General Assembly of the United Presbyterian Church o f North America has a Board of Foreign Missions composed of ministers and laymen, members of the said church, the design of which is the establishing and conducting Christian Missions among the unevangelized or pagan nations, and the general diffusion of Christianity. A n d W h e r e a s , The aforesaid Board of Foreign Missions labors under serious disadvantages as to receiving donations and bequests, and as to the management of funds entrusted to them for the purpose designated in their Constitution, and in accordance with the benevolent intentions of those from whom such bequests and donations are received ; therefore : S e c t io n I . Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in General Assembly met, and is hereby enacted by the authority of the same : That James Prestley, John B. Dales, Francis Church, Thomas H. Hanna, Samuel C. Huey, William Getty, Thomas Stinson, and William W. Barr, citizens of the United States and of the Commonwealth of Pennsyl­ vania and their successors, are hereby constituted and declared to be a body politic and corporate, which shall henceforth be known by the name of the B o a r d o f F o r e ig n M issio n s o f t h e U n it e d P resbyterian C h u r ch o f N o r t h A m e r ic a , and as such shall have perpetual succession, and be able to sue and be sued in all the courts of record and elsewhere, and to purchase and receive, take and hold to them and their successors forever, lands, tenements, hereditaments, money, goods and chattels and all kind of estate which may be devised, bequeathed or given to them, and the same to sell, alien, demise and convey, also to make and use a common Seal, and the same to alter and renew at their pleasure, and also to make such rules, by-laws and ordinances, as may be needful for the government of the said Corporation, and not inconsistent with the Constitution and laws of the United States and this State. Provided always, that the clear and annual income of the real and personal estate held by this Corporation shall not at any time exceed the sum of twenty thousand dollars. The Corpora­ tion or persons above named shall hold their offices for three years from the date of this act, and until their successors are duly qualified to take their places who shall be chosen at such times and in such way and manner as shall be prescribed by the said General Assembly of the United Presby­ terian Church of North America. The said Board hereby incorporated and their successors shall be subject to the direction of said General Assembly of the United Presbyterian Church of North America, have full power to manage the funds and property committed to their care in such a manner as shall be most advantageous, not being contrary to law. Ja m e s R . K e l l y , Speaker of the House of Representatives. D. F l e m in g , Speaker of the Senate. A pproved the Twelfth day of April, Anno Domini one thousand eight hundred and sixty-six. A. G. C u r t in , Governor. “YE ARE THE LIGHT”

Sixteen Million Souls in Darkness

The tiny white square represents the 407 additional lives which, given and supported by our Church, would bring about their evangelization in one generation, our missionaries have said. THE TRIENNIAL REPORT

OF THE Board of Foreign Missions

O F T H E United Presbyterian Church

OF North. Am erica

1916 , 1917 , 1918

HE report which follows is the First Triennial Report of the Board of Foreign Missions following the Annual Report of 1916. Since the writing of the last Annual Report the United States has had an active part in the great world war. Its army and its navy have participated in the bringing of a righteous conclusion to the great struggle. Its statesmen have spoken vigorously in the councils of the nations where have been laid foundations for a new international social structure. America is now, as never before, one of the greatest determining factors in all world events. Through the years of the world anguish of the war God has wonderfully kept our Mission Fields from loss of property and of life. The ocean voyages have been through ways of peril and missionaries have more than once been in extreme danger, yet not a life has been lost. In the fields there have been crises that were extreme, yet there has been no property damaged. Not­ withstanding the turmoil and unrest, the work of the Missions has gone forward almost without interruption. 12 Triennial Report.

Out of all the peril and loss of the war there have come some things that are clearly an asset to be prized in the work of world evangelization. Every effort must be made to conserve these things for which such a price has been paid. There is a new jneasure of devotion and sacrifice. What the world has been pleased to call America’s idealism has not stopped short of the measure of sacrifice that calls for a man to lay down his life for others. It is easier to appreciate other Christian ideals in such an atmosphere of Christian thinking. There is a new place of leadership accorded to America by the whole world and particularly by the weaker nations and those that are called more backward. Taken at its present flow the tide of America’s influence may tell mightily for the betterment of the whole world. There is a new appreciation of spiritual values. Millions of people have in their thinking been driven back to God. The apex of mere physical and material resources and possibilities seems frequently to have been reached and man looked out beyond these for deliverance from present and pressing evil. There is a new appreciation of Christianity. The combined forces of evil seemed rushing to a mighty triumph on the battle­ fields of Europe and Asia. There was deep concern lest the war should be laid at the door of the religion of Jesus Christ. Instead of this, those nations have with discrimination judged between the essence of Christianity and the excrescences of Christian civilization and are turning to Christianity as the deliverance from a repetition of the tragedy. There is a new spirit of nationalism among the nations of the world. This is the inevitable result of the spread of the doc­ trines of justice and liberty given to the world by Jesus Christ. The greatest political problem in the world today is the readjust­ ment of the world to this new thinking in these old nations and such a readjustment as will preserve to them these newly sought rights without precipitating a new disaster upon the world through the putting of new wine into old bottles. There are new and perplexing missionary problems at home and abroad. Adjustments must be made that are radical. Some traditions that are precious must be abandoned. Fresh lines of activity must be followed. An adequate standard of progress must be adopted. In the midst of all this change the Church can­ not forget an unchanging devotion to its unchanging Lord Who is the same yesterday, today and forever. Triennial Report—In America. 13

IN AMERICA.

HROUGHOUT these three years a prayerful, ceaseless T effort has been carried on to make the cause of foreign missions better known, better loved, and better served in the Church at home. As to the means employed, the methods used and the results accomplished, considerable informa­ tion will be found in the following paragraphs, but let it be re­ membered that results cannot be fully estimated or recorded here.

THE FOREIGN MISSIONS HANDBOOK. The Handbook has becomc the Board’s most popular printed presentation of its work. Each year we have labored to make it interesting, helpful and attractive, and during the years covered by this Report at least 65,000 copies have been placed in the homes of our people, the distribution having been made on the basis of a copy for every seven members of the Church. We are con­ tinually coming upon the fniits of this little book.

HELPS FOR PASTORS. It has been the constant desire and aim of the Board to pro­ vide pastors with up-to-date facts from our own and other mission fields and with suggestive outlines and illustrations for mission­ ary addresses. To this end we have prepared every three months and mailed free of charge to all our pastors a four-page “ Pastor’s Cablegram” bearing directly upon our own foreign work and con­ taining material for their exclusive use. We have also purchased and mailed to our clergymen without cost each issue of “ Mis­ sionary Ammunition for Pastors,” a similar publication,, but cov­ ering the whole field and containing a large amount of rich mis­ sionary material prepared by the Foreign Missions Conference of North America.

THE MISSIONARY CONVOCATION OF JANUARY, 1917. This was held in the First U. P. Church, North Side, Pitts­ burgh, and was perhaps the greatest foreign missionary meeting our denomination has ever held. From forty-seven presbyteries there were enrolled as delegates 1657 persons. The attendance was undoubtedly over 2000, counting those who did not enroll as delegates. The demand for the Convocation grew out of the conviction that the Church was facing a most challenging unmet need and 14 Triennial Report—In America. at the same time a quickly passing opportunity in her foreign mis­ sion fields. In 1903 our missionaries in India, Egypt and the Sudan, who then numbered ninety-one, appealed to the General Assembly meeting in Tarkio for four hundred and eighty-five mis­ sionaries in addition. This call was made on the basis of one mis­ sionary for every 25,000 of the 16,000,000 souls in our foreign fields. The Assembly of 1903 endorsed the appeal and called the Church to rise and occupy these fields for Christ. Thirteen years passed by and a net gain of only seventy-eight workers was real­ ized, leaving four hundred and seven still to be found. With new determination and devotion this Convocation attacked the remain­ der of the task and launched what has since come to be known as the “407” Movement, which is a movement to find and send out enough more missionaries to make at least a net gain of four hundred and seven and to increase our annual gifts of money to foreign missions by at least $828,652.00.

RELATIONSHIP WITH THE CONVOCATION COMMITTEE. This is the continuation committee of the Convocation and its business w'as set forth by the Convocation in the following words : “ To keep before our Church the ideals that have here pre­ vailed w’e recommend the appointment of a Continuation Com­ mittee. This Committee, through our Church papers, magazines and other literature, shall keep before us the goal of immediate occupancy of our field; shall call a convocation similar to this as their judgment may dictate, and use any and all other legitimate means to realize this end.” Four officers of the Foreign Board are members of the Com­ mittee and the Associate Secretary serves as its Secretary. Drs. J. K. McClurkin, J. Alvin Orr, J. A. Thompson, W. B. Ander­ son, C. R. Watson; Messrs. Fred MacMillan, George C. Shane, E. M. Hill, W. P. Fraser, J. E. Nelson, Mills J. Taylor; Mrs. George Moore, Mrs. J. P. White, Mrs. H. C. Campbell, and Miss Anna A. Milligan are the members of the Committee. By helpful counsel, by prayer, by messages addressed to our people, through personal letters to pastors, through articles in our Church papers, by financing Pastors’ Conferences, and in many ways this Committee has rendered valuable assistance to the work of our Board.

T H E “407” M OVEM ENT. Soon after the great Missionary Convocation in Pittsburgh, January, 1917, the Board prepared a twenty-five page booklet, entitled “ 407,” to set forth the ideals of the “407” Movement. This was distributed throughout the Church liberally and pro­ duced excellent results. The four hundred and seven lives needed and their financial support were apportioned among the sixty-six Triennial Report—In America. 15 presbyteries of the Church according to the numerical strength and each presbytery was asked to find and send out and support year by year its share. The Presbytery of Keokuk was the first to accept its share ; soon others followed and on December 31st, 1918, nine presbyteries had so done, thus becoming respons­ ible for seventy of the “407,” nine of whom they had found and sent. A “407” Prayer League, composed of hundreds of Chris­ tians who have covenanted to pray definitely for the “407,” has been formed in the Church and their prayers must prove a strong factor in finding the missionaries and the funds.

MISSIONARY VISITS AND INSTITUTES. This has proven to be one of our best methods of informing and arousing the Church to her foreign mission task. The unit of operation is the presbytery. Each congregation is visited by a team of two or three missionaries. After every congregation has been visited a miniature Convocation, patterned after the great 1917 Convocation, is held in some central place where a delegation of at least ten per cent, of the membership of each congregation gathers for a program of a night and an entire day. The institutes have discovered a number of new missionaries, increased contributions by thousands of dollars, and at the same time paid for themselves in their offerings.

VISITS TO COLLEGES AND SEMINARIES. Each year representatives have visited our educational insti­ tutions in the interests of our work and we can safely say that the past three years have witnessed a marked advance of interest in foreign missions on the part of students generally. There are strong bands of volunteers and contributions of money from the students have never been so large as today.

INTERDENOMINATIONAL ACTIVITIES. The Honorary Corresponding Secretary, Dr. Charles R. Wat­ son, has continued to be of much help to this Board, especially in its councils and interdenominational contacts. The Foreign Mis­ sions Conference of North America has held its annual meet­ ings and at these our Board has been adequately represented. In the work of the Laymen’s Missionary Movement several mem­ bers of the Board have participated. W e have been well repre­ sented at the meetings and in the work of the Missionary Educa­ tion Movement by our Educational Secretary, who is one of its directors. In March of 1918, Dr. Watson braved the subma­ rine dangers and sailed for England arid the Continent to assist in caring for the interests of the Continuation Committee of the Edinburgh Missionary Conference. Again during the winter of 1918-1919 he visited England and France and with Dr. John R. 16 Triennial Report— In America. Mott was commissioned to represent the foreign missionary in­ terests of Protestantism at the Paris Peace Conference. He was able to bring to the Peace Conference facts about foreign mis­ sions which were a means of bringing justice to the interests of Protestant missions in other lands as well as India, Egypt and the Sudan.

ADMINISTRATION PROBLEMS. Some changes have taken place in the Board’s secretarial force and in the division of administrative duties. In the spring of 1917, Rev. Neal D. McClanahan withdrew as Associate Secretary and Rev. James K. Quay was elected by the Board to serve in that capacity. Up to November 17, 1917, the Corresponding Secretary, Dr. W . B. Anderson, and the Associ­ ate Secretary, Rev. James K. Quay, shared the administrative work. On that date Mr. Quay, who had been under appointment to Egypt since 1915, withdrew, expecting to sail at once. Pass­ port difficulties detained him till February, 1919. The Rev. Mills J. Taylor, pastor of the Second Church, Monmouth, Illinois, was elected by the Board to the office of Associate Secretary. Mr. Taylor resigned his pastorate at Monmouth, December 31, 1917, and took up his work in the Philadelphia office on January 10, 1918. Miss Anna A. Milligan was chosen by the Board to fill the office of Educational Secretary and began her work January 12, 1918. Her salary is being provided by friends who are in­ terested in the development of the educational work of the Board. Now the administrative work is shared by three Secre­ taries instead of two, a division of the work which makes possible better and greater results. Dr. Charles R. Watson has continued to serve the Board as Honorary Corresponding Secretary, for which he deserves the thanks of the Board and the Church. September 29, 1918, marked the twenty-fifth anniversary of the election of Mr. Robert L. Latimer to the Treasurership of the Board of Foreign Missions and on the anniversary of this event the Board took the following action:

“ The Board observes with great satisfaction that Mr. Robert L. Latimer has completed a term of twenty-five years as Treasurer of the Board, having been elected to this position September 29, 1893. “We desire to put on record our appreciation of Mr. Latimer’s long, faithful, and efficient service in caring for the foreign missionary funds of the Church. “ We express it as our conviction that it is owing largely to Mr. Latimer’s wise and careful handling of the funds entrusted to him that the Church’s liberality has been stimulated and increased, and the credit of the Board has reached its present high standard.” MISSION STUDY BOOKS. “ The Power-House at Pathankot” is a book written by , Miss Mary J. Campbell, of India, and prepared for publication by the R obkrt L. L a t i M kr, E sq . Triennial Report—In America. 17 Foreign Board by arrangement with the Executive Committee oE the Y. P. C. U. They assigned it to be used by our young people instead of the Christian Union topics of April and May, 1918. In addition to this book prepared by our own Board, we have supplied and urged the study of, particularly, “The Lure of A f­ rica” and “ Ancient Peoples at New Tasks.”

MISSION STUDY CLASSES. Special effort has been made each year to encourage the or­ ganization of mission study classes. Hundreds of classes have been reported, and in addition to these our correspondence and sales would lead us to believe that there have been many other classes that were not reported. The Board counts the multipli­ cation of these classes one of its most worthy efforts.

SUMMER CONFERENCES. In spite of war conditions and the great difficulty of making necessary arrangements, the Missionary Conferences have been held each year at Tarkio and New Wilmington. The attendance has been good and the spiritual tone very good. The programs have been unusually fine and the results of the Conferences most gratifying in the dedication of life to Christ. The educational feature has been emphasized in all the Con­ ferences. The best mission study textbooks have been used in the young people’s class, the women’s class, and the men’s class. Presentations have been worked out to visualize the messages of the different book studies and these have been very effective.

THE SABBATH SCHOOL. During the three years, three quarters have been assigned to the cause of foreign missions by the General Assembly. And the Board has made special efforts to assist the schools to improve these opportunities in the best possible way. Two consecutive quarters from April 1 to October 1, 1916, were first given, and the months of October, November and December of 1917. The course prepared by the Board for the first of these quarters was entitled “ Hoist the Flag in the Sudan.” For the second quar­ ter, “ Hoist the Flag, Series No. 2” was provided with a map showing Egypt and India and a flag pole on each arranged with two movable flags to indicate the offerings of the school. A book­ let of five-minute stories on native life and work in Egypt and India to be given by the pupils of the schools was prepared and used. For the last quarter we prepared what was known as “The African Conquest Course,” using a chart printed in green, black and red, with a portion of Africa cut out and a red shutter inserted which was to be run on the thermometer principle. With the map there was issued to every Sabbath School a booklet con­ taining thirteen lessons entitled “ African H e ^ Stories.” 18 Triennial Report—In America.

CAIRO UNIVERSITY. Inasmuch as the United Presbyterian Board of Foreign Mis­ sions is one of the Foreign Boards co-operating in this union en­ terprise for a Christian University at Cairo, the Board of Trustees of the University have submitted to it each year a report. From these reports it is apparent that God is prospering this worthy enterprise. In the fall of 1916, Rev. Charles R. Watson, D.D., whom the Board had elected President of the University, went to Egypt in order to make definite arrangements for the beginning of activi­ ties there and in the kind providence of God was there with his father and mother a few days before his father’s death. On January 25, 1917, Mr. and Mrs. Wendell Cleland and Mr. and Mrs. W- Carl McQuiston went from America to Egypt to spend some time there in preparation for leadership in the de­ partments of the University’s work. They arrived in April and are still there completing their preparation. For a period dur­ ing the war. Mr. Cleland was released to go with a relief expedi­ tion into Palestine to minister to the sufferers there, and Mr. Mc­ Quiston spent a year in relief work at Port Said with the British Red Cross. Prof. R. S. McClenahan, President of Assiut College, has been released from the Mission in Egypt to take up work with the University during his furlough in America. He will be able to bring to the University his many years of rich experience in Christian education in Egypt. Dr. Watson returned from Egypt in the summer of 1917 and was able to report very marked progress in his mission to correlate the plans of the University with Government plans fpr education and with other plans for education and Christian work in Egypt. During the period of the war Dr. Watson was called upon to devote large portions of his time and energy to the Y. M. C. A. war work, visiting the Continent several times and later he was sent on a mission to the Peace Conference at Paris on behalf of the Committee of Reference and Counsel of the Foreign Missions Conference of North America. The changes that have taken place in the Moslem world, working complete revolution in the entire structure of Islam, make a very vital period in the work of the Christian Church for the Mohammedan world and illustrate more and more the immediate need and strategic importance of this Christian University at Cairo. The Board of Trustees is very anxious that the Church should pray to God that He would quickly complete this instru­ ment and furnish the life and money necessary to equip it effi­ ciently for a mighty service. Triennial Report—In America. 19 WITH OUR MISSIONARIES. During the past three years the transportation of missionaries and securing permission for them to enter their respective fields have continued to be matters of much difficulty requiring careful thought and management. The Atlantic route has been practic­ ally closed. With a few exceptions in the early part of 1917 all our missionaries have been compelled to travel by the Pacific route, which has added enormously to the cost of transportation. We are thankful, however, that no lives were lost. The only serious mishap at sea was that experienced by El­ eanor Maconachie, of India, whose vessel was sunk an hour after leaving port. Miss Maconachie escaped, however, and ultimately reached America, though she lost all her baggage. Because of the extreme expense of travel several missionaries who seemed able to remain longer were detained in the fields many months after furloughs were due. Three of our missionaries under appointment have been ren­ dering service in the U. S. Army; namely, Rev. Paul M. Ander­ son (Captain) ; Dr. J. Gregory Martin (Lieutenant, Medical Corps) ; and Miss Llewella J. Snyder (Red Cross Nurse). The following missionaries have been compelled for health reason» to resign from the service: Rev. and Mrs. H. Ray Shear, under appointment to Egypt, and Dr. Chester H. Elliott, under appointment to Jigypt; Rev. and Mrs. C. C. Adams from Egypt, Dr. and Mrs. W. T. Mowp from Egypt, Miss Marion A. Paden from Egypt, Rev. and Mrs. r . kt Crawford from India, Miss Cynthia E. Wilson from India, and Mia~ Margaret M. Wilson from India. During the past three years death has removed four of our missionaries: Miss Nannie J. Spencer died in Murree, Rawal Pindi District, India, September 4, 1916. Miss Spencer began her work in India in 1894, and during her devoted service of almost a quarter of a century she had become one of the most valued workers in that field. She was a daughter of Rev. W. E. and Rachel Hays Spen­ cer and a sister of Rev. J. H. Spencer, of Wooster, Ohio; Prof. H. W . Spencer, of Tarkio, Mo., and Mrs. A. H. Baldinger, Pitts­ burgh, Pa. Probably no missionary in the fields has ever more completely won the confidence of all missionaries and all Indians than Miss Spencer did. Humanly speaking, her loss to the Mis­ sion is irreparable. Dr. Andrew Watson died in Cairo, Egypt, on December 9, 1916. Dr. Watson arrived in Egypt in 1861 and had been fifty-five years a missionary when he was called to his reward. For years he has been the dean of missionaries in Africa by virtue of his age and of the position accorded him by common consent on account of his experience, sound judgment, devotion and personality. Marked honors were paid to his memory by Government officials and the 20 Triennial Report—In America. people of Egypt, while the Mission and the Church mourn his death as that of a father. In every form of Mission and ecclesias­ tical activity he has been a great leader and counsellor. As a professor in the Theological Seminary he has had a part in the training of the entire ministry of the Church of Egypt. He was widely known in interdenominational missionary circles and was a member of the Edinburgh Conference in 1910. In 1890 he was Moderator of the General Assembly of the United Presbyterian Church. In the loving plan of God, his son, Dr. C. R. Watson, arrived in Egypt just a few days before his death. Only eternity can reveal the meaning of this wonderful life of devotion to the Church of Christ in Egypt. Mrs. T. E. Holliday died at Ludhiana, India, December 28, 1917. Mrs. (Lena May Hayes) Holliday went with her husband to the field of India in 1889. She has been an earnest worker in the field among the women of India and an ardent advocate of the missionary cause all through her life of service. Being a woman of unusually winning. personality and of marked talent she will be missed by a large circle of friends, both American and Indian, and will leave vacant a place in the mission force dif­ ficult to fill. Her daughter, Miss Eleanore Holliday, has been appointed to India and is on the field. Rev. W . R. Coventry died at Americus, Kansas. April 7, 1918. Mr. Coventry was a graduate of Grove City College and Xenia Theological Seminary. Immediately upon graduating in 1900 he sailed for the field in Egypt. Shortly before sailing he was married to Miss Lydia ridle Junkm, who died after nine years of sendee in ^ 6 7 pt.' In 1914 he was married to Miss Mary Kerr, of the Egyptian Mission. Mr. and Mrs. Coventry came to Amer­ ica on a regular furlough in 1916. Mr. Coventry was not in good health, yet planned to return to Egypt. On the eve of his de­ parture for the steamer he was taken seriously ill, and in a few weeks his earthly service was finished. He was an evangelistic missionary with peculiar gifts in other lines that had been of great service to the Mission. He possessed the skill of an archi­ tect and drew the plans for several important buildings. To his initiative and unwearied effort, the Mission owes those valuable evangelistic agencies, the Delta Boat “ Allegheny” and the Delta Car. He had been particularly interested in the plan for the com­ plete occupation of the field and had done some unique service in survey work and the preparation of charts. He was looking forward with keen interest to cooperation in the securing and placing of the “407.” His call came for some higher service. Miss Emma L. Williams, a teacher of music in Pressly Me­ morial Institute at Assiut, died on December 23, 1918, of pneu­ monia following influenza. She went to Egypt in 1915 and from that time rendered most efficient service and entered into the missionary spirit of the institution. She was a short term worker Triennial Report—In America. 21 as a teacher, but she became so interested in the work that in her third year she made application to the Women’s Board for ap­ pointment as a regular missionary and had been accepted. Her death came before word of her appointment reached her Since our Annual Report of 1916 the following have sailed to their respective fields:

IN THE YEAR 1916. Returning missionaries:

To Egypt, Dr. H. L. Finley Prof. and Mrs. W. W. Hickman Miss Ida Whiteside To India, Dr. and Mrs. T. E. Holliday Dr. and Mrs. T. L. Scott Miss Hazel Bennett Miss Laurella Dickson Mrs. D. R. Gordon Mrs. J. A. McConnelee Miss E. Josephine Martin Miss Josephine L. White T o the Sudan, Rev. and Mrs. D. S. Oyler Rev. and Mrs. P. J. Smith New missionaries: To Egypt, Miss Florence A. Hutchison Miss Jeannette Lois McCrory T o India, Rev. and Mrs. D. E. Alter Dr. and Mrs. R. R. Stewart Prof. J. G. Strong Miss Marietta Hamilton Miss Louise E. Scott T o the Sudan, Miss Emma M. McKeown Mrs. C. E. Wilkerson

IN THE YEAR 1917. Returning missionaries: To Egypt, Dr. and Mrs. John Giffen Rev. and Mrs. N. D. McCltnahan Miss Ida Leota Cabeen Miss Helen J. Ferrier Mrs. Nannie M. Finney Miss Elsie M. French Miss E. Roxy Martin Triennial Report—In America.

T o India, Rev. J. A. McArthur Rev. and Mrs. S. C. Picken Rev. and Mrs. J. H. Stewart Miss Laura B. Hamilton Miss Elizabeth McCahon Miss Henrietta Moore To the Sudan, Dr. and Mrs. T. A. Lambie Miss Elsie E. Grove New missionaries:

T o Egypt, Miss Beulah B. Chalmers Miss Mary L. Thompson T o India, Mr. C. A. Stewart (from Cyprus) Miss Sara A. Moore T o the Sudan, Rev. and Mrs. R. L. Edie Dr. and Mrs. P. E. Gilmor Rev. R. F. Shields

IN THE YEAR 1918. Returning missionaries:

T o Egypt, Dr. A. W. Pollock Miss Margaret A. Bell Mrs. Mary K. Coventry

T o India, Rev. E. L. Porter, D.D. Miss Roma B. Beatty Miss Lois M. Buchanan Miss Mary J. Campbell Miss Jessie P. Simpson, M.D. Miss Maria White, M.D. New missionaries:

To Egypt, Rev. and Mrs. R. T. McLaughlin Rev. and Mrs. Henry Rankin Miss Sara M. Adair Miss Dora B. Mason To India, Rev. Kenneth MacKenzie Rev. and Mrs. W . H. Ross Rev. and Mrs. William Sutherland Miss M. Lois Boyd Miss E. May Caldwell Miss Eleanore K. Hollicay Miss Kate E. Spencer Triennial Report—In America. 23

To the Sudan, Miss Una Coie Miss Kathryn MacKenzie

The following missionaries arrived in America from their respective fields:

IN THE YEAR 1916.

From Egypt, Rev. and Mrs. W. R. Coventry Dr. and Mrs. John Giffen Dr. and Mrs. A. F. Grant Dr. and Mrs. W. T. Moore Dr. A. W. Pollock Miss Carrie M. Buchanan Miss Ida Leota Cabeen Miss Helen J. Ferrier Mrs. Nannie M. Finney Miss Elsie M. French Miss Edna J. Giffen Miss E. Roxy Martin Miss Marion A. Paden From India, Rev. J. Howard Martin, D.D. Rev. J. A. McArthur Rev. and Mrs. J. H. Stewart Miss Laura B. Hamilton Miss Henrietta Moore Miss Elizabeth McCahon Miss Cynthia E. Wilson Miss Margaret Wilson Miss Rosa T. Wilson

From the Sudan, Dr. and Mrs. T. A. Lambie Miss Elsie E. Grove

IN THE YEAR 1917.

From Egypt, Dr. and Mrs. J. G. Hunt Miss Sadie Thompson

From India, Rev. and Mrs. F. N. Crawford Dr. and Mrs. E. L. Porter Mrs. W. T. Anderson Miss Roma B. Beatty Miss Lois M. Buchanan Miss Mary J. Campbell Miss Eleanore W. Maconachie Miss Jessie P. Simpson, M.D. Miss Maria White, M.D.

From the Sudan, Dr. and Mrs. C. E. Wilkerson 24 Triennial Report—In America.

IN THE YEAR 1918

From Egypt, Dr. and Mrs. J. R. Alexander Rev. and Mrs. J. W. Baird Rev. and Mrs. J. H. Boyd Dr. and Mrs. L. M. Henry Dr. and Mrs. R. S. McClenahan Dr. and Mrs. H. E. Philips Dr, and Mrs. S. M. Zwemer Miss Alda B. Atchison Miss Ella M. Barnes Miss Ella B. Downie Miss Nellie C. Smith From India, Rev. W . T. Anderson, D.D. Rev. and Mrs. R. E. Ayers Rev. Osborne Crowe Rev. and Mrs. A. M. Laing Rev. and Mrs. Robert Maxwell Rev. Harris J. Stewart Miss Minnie E. Beatty Miss Lena S. Brotherston Miss Mary A. Lawrence Miss Mary E. Logan Miss Mary R. Martin Miss Dora B. Whitely

WAR EMERGENCY CAMPAIGN. When the Board reported to the Assembly of May, 1918, it was with a deficit in its current budget of $80,957, more than half of which had accumulated during the previous year on ac­ count of the increased cost of administering its business, particu­ larly transportation in war times and under war prices. The Corresponding' Secretary addressed the General Assem­ bly about the grave concern with which the Board viewed its finan­ cial situation and sought from the Assembly a method of more direct appeal to the Church for the funds needed. The result was the appointment by the Assembly of a Committee, consist­ ing of the Secretaries and Associate Secretaries of the Boards participating in the budget and of the Secretary of the Missionary and Efficiency Committee, to arrange for a special War Emer­ gency Campaign for funds for all the Boards. This Committee, with which the Secretaries of the Board cordially worked, made all preparations for and completed the Campaign in the fall and winter of 1918. A serious epidemic of influenza swept the coun­ try, taking an immense toll of lives and raged at its worst in ■whole sections of our Church when the Campaign was at its height. Nevertheless, the people were generous, the Lord was our strength, and the result was the complete liquidation of the Board’s deficit of $80,957, the meeting of the excess cost of ad­ ministering another year of work in war time and the closing Triennial Report—In America. 25 o f our financial report a year later with over $10,000 in the treas­ ury. In addition to accomplishing this amazing result for the Foreign Board, the Campaign answered completely the financial calls of the war emergency budgets of all the other Boards like­ wise.

FINANCES. The three years covered by this Report have been years that mark a financial struggle and triumph. In the year 1916-17, the total receipts of funds applicable on the budget were $270,111, or $7,966 less than the previous year. The expenditures were $273,096, adding $2,985 to the deficit, which thus became $39,681. The decline in receipts of this year compared with the pre­ vious year was due to two facts: First, a smaller amount by $15,- 984 was received from bequests and matured annuities; and sec­ ond, the Board did not appeal for a special fund. During that year gifts from congregational sources increased bv $2,449, but were still $25,789 below the high-water mark of 1913-14. In the year 1917-18, the total receipts of funds applicable on appropriation were $270,305, or $194 more than the previous year. There were available also the following funds: Balance of Milton Stewart Fund, $10,488 ;New Missionary Fund, $2,289; balances from fields, $6,180; making a total of $289,262 available for budget expenditure. The expenditures were $330,538, add­ ing $41,276 to the deficit, which became $80,957. The over-expenditures of this year were due almost wholly to war conditions, such as longer routes of travel, enormous ad­ vance in cost of transportation, reverse of advantages in exchange, and the advance in the cost of all commodities. During the year receipts from congregational sources declined by $1,211 compared with the previous year. This is accounted for by the fact that in the previous year the Sabbath Schools contributed to the Foreign Board through two quarters. Re­ ceipts from these sources were $26,990 below the high-water mark of 1913-14. In the year 1918-19, the receipts of funds applicable on ap­ propriation were $293,033, or $22,728 more than the previous year. There were available also the following funds: from the Milton Stewart Fund, $12,808; from the War Emergency Fund, $130,442, making a total of $436,283 available for budget ex­ penditure. The expenditures were $344,694, reducing the entire deficit of $80,957, and leaving a balance on hand of $10,632. While a part of the increase in expenditure during this year was due to an increase in the force, the great part was due to in­ creasing demands of war conditions. The large increase of re­ ceipts from congregational sources and the heroic measures of 26 Triennial Report— In America.

the War Emergency Fund secured the supply of funds for the needs of the year, the cancellation of the entire deficit, and a bal­ ance on hand. During the year there was an advance in receipts from con­ gregational sources of $21,189 compared with the previous year. Receipts from these sources were still $5,801 below the high-water mark of 1913-14. These years cover a period that was truly a critical time in the financial history of the Church’s work abroad. The attention of the world was centered in the great war, and every effort was be­ ing made to finance it. It did not seem reasonable to suppose that people should be asked to increase their gifts to mission work in the midst of such a strain. Yet the conditions brought about by the war made imperatively necessary the expenditure of enormous sums in addition to the regular estimates. Two courses were possible, the curtailing of expenditure by the reduction of work, or an appeal to the Church to meet the needs notwithstand­ ing all other demands from other quarters. The wisdom of the Church’s having adopted the second course is now apparent. Not only have these years brought to the cause a crisis in financial matters, but they have ushered in a new era in missions which will require new standards to be adopted and new estimates of the needs of the fields to be made. In the new day the old meas­ ures of need and response will be wholly inadequate. Already the Church is thinking in larger terms and is in some measure prepared for the new demands that must be made upon it. While the Church has responded generously to the call for help in the hour of crisis, it must be remembered that the brunt of the financial burden has fallen upon the missionaries person­ ally. At the beginning of the war their salaries were necessitat­ ing their living almost at the limit of reasonable sacrifice. When the war came the advance in prices in the fields caused them to feel the pinch at every turn. This difficult situation has been met without a murmur, and without any request for relief. In 1918-19 the General Assembly granted a war bonus to each mis­ sionary, $100 to each family, and $50 to each single missionary, but the action of the Assembly of 1919 calling for a review of the salaries of the missionaries with a view to making them adequate was timely. During the year 1916-17 the following funds have been es­ tablished : The Busta Bey Khayat Memorial Fund. Principal, $1,000.00. Given by his children. The income to be applied for support of a bed in Assiut Hospital, Egypt. The Ameen Khayat Memorial Fund. Principal, $1,000.00. The income to be applied for support of a bed in Assiut Hospi­ tal, Egypt. Triennial Report—In America. 27 The Severance Memorial Fund. Principal, $1,000.00. The income to be applied for support of a bed in Assiut Hospital, Egypt.

The Wasif Tekla Memorial Fund. Principal, $1,000.00. The income to be applied for support of a bed in Assiut Hospital, Egypt.

The Dorothy H. P. Humphrey Memorial Fund. Principal, $2,500.00. Being a bequest from Miss Dorothy H. P. Humphrey. The principal to be invested and the income applied for Assiut Hospital, Egypt.

The lands Memorial Fund. Principal, $1,500.00. The in­ come to be applied for Assiut Hospital, Egypt.

The Henry Memorial Fund. Principal, $1,500.00. The in­ come to be applied for Assiut Hospital, Egypt.

The Mrs. Alice Miller Eberbach Fund. Principal, $2,000.00. Donated by Mrs. Alice Miller Eberbach, of Ann Arbor, Mich. The principal to be invested and the income used for the educa­ tion of a native ministry in Egypt.

The Thomas and Elizabeth McCarrell Memorial Fund.. Principal, $1,000.00. Donated by their daughter, Miss Elizabeth McCarrell, of Eldersville, Pa., subject to annuity payments dur­ ing her lifetime, after which time the income is to bs used in the work of the Board.

The Catherine M. W. Foster Fund. Being an annuity dona­ tion of $2,400.00 paid to our Board by Miss Catherine M. W. Foster, late of Johnstown, Pa., subject to a life annuity to her, and on her death, on January 15th, 1917, this became the prin­ cipal of “ The Catherine M. W . Foster Fund,” tie income to be used for the education or training of native girls or women. The Robert Wood Lynn Memorial Scholarship. Principal, $1,000.00. Donated by Mr. Hugh Lynn, in mimory of his son, Robert W ood Lynn. The income to be applied for a scholarship in the Boys’ School, Cairo, Egypt. The Robert Wood Lynn Memorial Bed. Principal, $1,000.00. Donated by Mr. Hugh Lynn, in memory of his son, Robert Wood Lynn. The income to be applied for support of a bed in Assiut Hospital, Egypt. 28 Triennial Report— In America. During the year 1917-18 the following funds have been established: David and Kate Junk Fund. Principal $7,000.00. Donated by Mr. David Junk, Vanderbilt, Penna., to be invested for twenty years and the income used for the work of the Board. At the end of the twenty years the principal to be used as the Board may desire.

Elizabeth Stewart Memorial Fund. Principal $5,875.34. Be­ ing a bequest of Elizabeth Stewart, deceased, late of Washing­ ton County, Penna., to be invested and the income used in the work of the Board.

Elizabeth Stewart Memorial Fund for Education. Principal $5,875.34. Being a bequest of Elizabeth Stewart, deceased, late of Washington County, Penna., to be invested and the income used in the education of persons to labor in the Mission Fields.

Mary E. Pratt Memorial Fund. Principal $1,000.00. Being a bequest o£ Mrs. Mary E. Pratt, Cossayuna, New York, of which $400.00 is to be invested in the dormitory of the Nelson Pratt Memorial School for Boys, Martinpur, India, and $600.00 to be invested and the income applied for scholarships for boys study­ ing in the same school. Elizabeth Speer Faught Scholarship. Principal $340.00. Be­ ing contributed $225.00 by First New Concord, Ohio, Congrega­ tion, and $115,00 by Mr. H. P. Faught, Tower Hill, Illinois, to be invested and the income applied for the support of a little girl in Egypt. J. S. and Jennie Gormley Adair Memorial Fund. During the year $9,901.14 additional principal of this fund has been re­ ceived from the estate of J. S. Adair, deceased, San Diego, Cali­ fornia. John Bell Memorial Fund. During the year $2,000.00 addi­ tional principal of this fund has been received from the estate of Mr. John Bell, late of Fergusonville, New York, to be in­ vested and the intome applied for the education of a native ministry in either Egypt or India.

During the yeirs 1918-19 the following funds have been established. The J. S. and Jmnie Gormly Adair Memorial Fund. Addi­ tional principal of $4576.30 has been added to this Fund from the estate of J. S. Adaii, deceased. Triennial Report—In America. 29 The Mr. and Mrs. George S. Brush Endowment Fund. Donated by the late Mr. George S. Brush, formerly of W yo­ ming, Iowa. The principal has been increased to $1,720.00, and the income is to be applied for the maintenance of a bed or beds in Assiut Hospital, Egypt. The Merle Henry Memorial Bed, Assiut Hospital. Estab­ lished by Dr. and Mrs. L. M. Henry in memory of their son Merle. Principal $1,000.00. The Mrs. Frances Curry Thomas Memorial Fund. Princi­ pal $1,000.00. Donated by Mrs. Sarah E. C. Wilson, subject to an annuity during her lifetime, after which the principal is to be applied to Pressly Memorial Institute, Assiut, Egypt. The Marvin Thompson Memorial Fund. Principal $500.00. Given by his family, the income to be applied for a scholarship for a boy in the Boys’ Industrial Home, Khartum, Sudan. - The Miss Ida Woods Endowment. Principal $1,000.00. Donated by Miss Ida Woods, the income to be applied to endow a bed in Assiut Hospital, Egypt.

The Board has given expression repeatedly in these years to its profound gratitude to God for the quickening of the spirit of generosity in the Church and for His deliverance from difficult financial situations.

SPECIAL THANKS.

The Board records its thanks to God for His protecting care over the work abroad through a term of three years. Notwith­ standing the dangers of travel by sea, the unusual burdens pro­ duced by the war, and the perils of situations created by political unrest in the fields, the lives and property of the Missions have been preserved from harm and loss. The Board also records its thanks to God for the abundant provision for its financial needs through the War Emergency Campaign and the generous response of the Church to the urgent call of need in a time of crisis. It is with true gratitude for divine help that the Board enters the service of the fields abroad in this new day free from debt in its current budget. The Board wishes to express its gratitude to all those who have answered the call to special service through their gifts and their prayers. Among them the following should be specially mentioned: 1. The Women’s Board has continued to carry its great bur­ den of the support of the lady missionaries in the field. With­ out the loyal and devoted leadership in the women’s work and 30 Triennial Report—In America.

the unstinted sacrifice of the many thousands of women through­ out the Church this great department of our foreign service would not be possible. 2. The Church periodicals: The United Presbyterian, the Christian Union Herald and the Women’s Magazine have been most generous in the space given to the cause of foreign missions. It is through the columns of these periodicals perhaps more than by any other means that the Church is kept informed concern­ ing its work abroad. 3. The Columbia Hospital, of Pittsburgh, has been most generous in its care of missionaries who have returned on fur­ lough in need of medical aid. The Church is much indebted to this institution for doors always open to the help of those needing medical assistance, and is also indebted to those who have made provision for such care of missionaries through endowments in the hospital.. 4. To a host of individuals, congregations and other organi­ zations throughout the Church the Board also wishes to express its deep gratitude for the financial aid which they have given through the year. Some of them are not even known by name to the Board. The names of many others, while known to the Board, will never appear in any public list. In very many cases their contributions bear the mark of sacrifice. They seek no ex­ pression of thanksgiving, but the Board wishes to record its grati­ tude to them. The following have contributed large amounts during the year 1916-17: Mrs. Wm. Flinn; Mrs. Ruth Junk Campbell; Mrs. Mar­ garet Junk McDowell; “ Obedience” ; Mr. and Mrs. W . P. Fra­ ser; “ A Contributor, Jersey City, N. J.” ; Messrs. Bogle Bros.; Miss Christine Arbuckle; Mr. E. D. Reynolds; Rev. J. A. W il­ liamson, D .D .; James Hoven; David W. and Sade Eaton W ilson; Mr. and Mrs. J. V. Anderson; W. R. Andrews; Mrs. Ada Reber; J. M. Brown; Mr. and Mrs. John G. Pew; Mrs. Martha E. Nel­ son; Mrs. Mary Montgomery; Mrs. E. C. Thompson; “A Friend, Jersey City, N. J.” ; J. H. Bailey; “The Howison Family” ; “A Friend of Missions” ; “ Individual, Omaha Presbytery” ; “ Indi­ vidual, Johnstown, N. Y .” ; “A Friend of Missions” ; “ A Friend, Westmoreland Presbytery” ; Mrs. Mary J. Beck; Anna M. Har­ per ; “ A Friend of the U. P. Mission in Egypt” ; “A Friend, A l­ bany Presbytery” ; Mr. and Mrs. Percy L. Craig; Mr. John R. Caldwell; Mr. William Shepherd; Miss Isabella K. Lockhart; Jesse T. M ack; W . S. D oty; Mr. David Junk; “ A Friend of Mis­ sions” ; Dr. and Mrs. H. T. McLaughlin; Mr. James Carson; Mr. G. E. F. Gray; Miss Maggie A. McCollum; Misses Elizabeth M. and Alice F. W arden: Mr. Fred O. Shane; Mr. S. J. Shaw; Mr. A. C. Evans; Mrs. Margaret H. Geland; Mr. and Mrs. G. W Aiken; “ A Friend, Allegheny, Pa.” ; Miss Anna Duncan; Mr. Triennial Report—In America. 31 Charles M. Neeld; Mr. J. M. Morris; Mr. Fred C. MacMillan; Hon. James M. Galbreath; Mrs. Nettie W . Martin; “ In His Name” ; “ A Friend” ; Mr. J. B. Sutherland; Rev. Elbert L. McCreery; Mr. Hugh Lynn; Mrs. Emma Cooper and Sisters. The following have contributed large amounts during the year 1917-18: Mrs. William Flinn; Mrs. Ruth Junk Campbell; Mrs. Margaret Junk McDowell; “ Obedience” ; “ Two Friends, Allegheny” ; Mr. and Mrs. W. P. Fraser; “ A Contributor, Jersey City, N. J.” ; Mr. E. D. Reynolds; Rev. J. A. Williamson, D .D .; James Hoven; J. M. Browne; Mrs. Martha E. Nelson; Mrs. Mary M. Montgomery; The Howison Family; “A Friend of Mis­ sions” ; “ A Friend of Missions, Los Angeles, California” ; Mr. and Mrs. Percy L. Craig; Miss Isabella K. Lockhart; Mr. David Junk; Dr. and Mrs. H. T. McLaughlin; Mr. G. E. F. Gray; “ Two Sisters” ; Misses Elizabeth M. and Alice F. Warden; Mr. Fred O. Shane; Mrs. Marie E. Shane; Mrs. Margaret H. Cleland; W il­ liam C. Cleland; G. W. Aiken; Mr. Charles M. Neeld; Mr. J. M. Morris; Mrs. Nettie W. Martin; Mr. J. B. Sutherland; Mrs. Thomas Cooper and Mrs. J. S. Burton; Mr. and Mrs. S. C. Gib­ son; J. W. Jackson; “A Friend, First Church, Monmouth, Illi­ nois” ; Miss Nettie Robertson; “ A Friend, Monmouth, Illinois” ; “ A Friend, Jersey City, N. J.” ; John C. Wallace; Daniel Giffen; “A Friend, Aspinwall, Pa.; Mrs. Sarah Glenn; Mr. and Mrs. George Moore; Miss Elsie E. Grove; D. T. Reed; W. J. Strange­ way; Mrs. Eleanor R. Gibb; Rev. James K. Quay; “ A Friend, V^ola, Kansas” ; Mrs. Jean Boyd Lake; W. J. Cherry; Misses Nancy J. and Sarah J. McFarland; Mrs. Martha Todd; E. M. Hill; Mrs. S. J. Mitchell; Mrs. Margaret McCreadv; Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Martin; “ A Friend, Phoenix, Arizona” ; Mrs. M. A. Boyd; W. S. George; Mrs. A. G. K ing; Mrs. Caroline J. K err; Peter McComack; George C. Shane; “ Friend of Missions, Pitts­ burgh, Pa.” ; Knox and Margaret Milligan; Mrs. J. N. Averill ; M. J. Wilson; “ Individual, Atlantic, Iowa Congregation” ; W M. Long; Mr. and Mrs. O. R. Degelman; Mr. and Mrs. F. A Gaut; “Two Friends” ; Glenn Gilmore: Mrs. W. W. Gilmore, Mr. Alex. Sheriff; James Wallace; Rev. Thomas F. Cummings. D. D .; Mr. and Mrs. C. T. Fullwood; E. H. Mahood; Miss Libbie M orrow ; F. B. Farren; Mrs. Sarah Glenn; Frank L. •Gibson; “ Individual, St. Clair Congregation, Pittsburgh” ; Dr. James P. Dice; Miss Mary L. Kennedy; Mrs. S. A. Wallace; Mrs. Jennie E. Quay; Miss Janet M. Lambie; Mrs. Eliza Cal­ houn Carleton and friends; Mr. O. S. Johnston; Miss Roberta M cNeilly; Ethel E. Henderson. The following have contributed large amounts during the year 1918-1919: Mrs. William Flinn; Miss Christine Arbuckle; Miss Mary L. Kennedy; Mrs. Margaret Junk McDowell; Mrs. Ruth Junk Campbell; “ Obedience” ; Miss Josephine Gladden; 32 Triennial Report—In America. Rev. J. A. Williamson, D. D .; Mr. Robert Patrick; Mr. J. B. Sutherland; Miss Annie D. Kyle; Mrs. D. L. Barackman; Mr. and Mrs. W . P. Fraser; Charles M. Neeld; Mr. E. D. Reynolds; Mr. Daniel Giffen; “ A Friend, Greensboro, Vt.” ; Mr. Janies Hoven; Mr. and Mrs. S. C. Gibson; Mr. J. A. Christensen; Mr. Fred O. Shane; Mr. George C. Shane; Mr. and Mrs. Albert Mc- Q eery; “A Friend of Missions” ; Mrs. Sarah Glenn; Messrs. Bogle Bros; Mr. George W- Aikin; Rev. J. H. Sankey; “Friends of Missions” ; Dr. L. M. Henry; Mr. J. M. Stewart; “A Con­ tributor, Jersey City, N. J.” ; “A Friend,” per Rev. J. S. Turnbull; “The Howison Family” ; Mrs. Ada Reber; William Wright; “ Friends of Missions, Nasser, Sudan” ; Rev. A. A. Thompson; “Two Friends, Redford, Michigan” ; “A Friend,” per Rev. A. W . Jamieson, D. D .; Eleanor R. Gibb; Mr. W. B. Gillis; J. O. Springer; “ Individual, Indianola, Iowa” ; Mr. William Shepherd; Fulton Bros.; Rev. Thomas H. Hanna, Sr., D. D .; Mr. W . S. George; Mrs. Peter McCornack; “A Friend” ; Mrs. Nettie W. Martin; Mrs. Martha E. Nelson; Mrs. Mary M. Montgomery; Mr. O. S. Johnston; Mr. John G. Pew; Mr. and Mrs. R. A. Acheson; Mrs. Mary N. Degelman; Mrs. Jennie E. Quay; Mrs. Sarah J. M cKee; Mr. John D. McKee; Mr. and Mrs. James A. Donnan; Mr. and Mrs. A. J. Boyle; Mr. Fred C. MacMillan; Mr. J. E. Nelson; Rev. and Mrs. S. R. McLaughlin; Mrs. Nannie M. Knobloch; R. B. Taggert; Miss Janet Lambie. Triennial Re por 33 Formai Action of G< Connection with Foreign Board.

The following are the Formal Actions of the General As­ sembly in connection with the Reports of the Board of Foreign Missions:

Boston, Mass., 1917. 1. That we approve and commend the efforts put forth by the Board through convocations, the Handbook, and similar methods to acquaint the Church with the needs of the world which lies in the “ wicked one” and to arouse an interest and excite enthusiasm in the Church to such an extent as to bring her to realize her duty and privilege in this most vital matter until she shall be willing and ready to come up to the help of the Lord against the mighty. 2. That this Assembly take some immediate and definite steps toward devising methods and means by which the debt of this Board and of every other Board of the Church which rests as a nightmare upon each succeeding Assembly and upon the Church at large and which is as a millstone hung about the neck of our Boards, to cancel each and every debt, if possible, before the meet­ ing of the next Assembly. 3. That the men and women nominated to the Assembly by the Board of Foreign Missions and the Women’s Board to the foreign fields be sent out and that their sending be left to the Board. T o Egypt, Miss Margaret Brown Miss Beulah Bell Chalmers Rev. Ralph Todd McLaughlin and Miss Ellen Jeannette Henry Miss Mary Lyon Thompson To India, Dr. John Gregory Martin Miss Sara Abigail Moore Miss Lewella Jean Snyder Miss Kate Ellen Spencer Prof. Charles Alexander Stewart T o the Sudan, Rev. Paul Maxwell Anderson Rev. Raymond Leone Edie and Miss Amy May Armstrong Rev. Ried Frampton Shields 4. That the Assembly approve, endorse and adopt “The Manual” for the guidance of the Board of Foreign Missions and the Women’s Board in the prosecution of their work as touching the foreign fields. 34 Triennial Report—In America. 5. That this Assembly ask for the prayers of the whole Church in behalf of this Board and all the agencies and actions of the Church, also the Cairo University; especially so on account of the world conditions that are confronting and challenging her, that she may be given the spirit of wisdom and of revelation and of supplication. Pittsburgh, Pa., 1918. 1. That we bow before God in humble and grateful recogni­ tion of His manifold favors to us in our foreign work. 2. That we express our thorough confidence in our Foreign Board and its administration of the work committed to it. 3. That we commend its Secretary, Dr. W. B. Anderson, for his untiring, unselfish and wisely considered efforts. 4. That we heartily approve the action of the Board in call­ ing into its work as Associate Secretary the Rev. Mills J. Taylor, and as Educational Secretary Miss Anna Milligan. 5. That we earnestly urge upon the ministers and laymen of our Church the great value of the missionary conferences which are held at Tarkio and New Wilmington; also those held under the auspices of the Home Board at Xenia, Monmouth and Sterling; and also the one held at New Concord. 6. Believing that the system of Church finance to which we are now committed is flexible enough to permit war emergency measures, we therefore recommend the appointment of a Com­ mittee on Ways and Means to provide a method of more direct appeal to the Church, this Committee to consist of the Secretaries of the Board and the Secretary of the Missionary and Efficiency Committee. The Committee shall terminate with next year’s Gen­ eral Assembly unless reappointed. 7. That we commend the Cairo University with the great work which it contemplates to the sympathy and support of the Church. 8. That we approve the Board’s plan of proportionate dis­ tribution, whereby it is seeking to realize its program of 407 new missionaries, as a sane and practical plan and one which should receive the hearty co-operation of the Church. 9. That we endorse the appointment of the following per­ sons who have been approved by the Women’s Board for appoint­ ment as missionaries: Miss Sara Adair, to Egypt Miss Dora B. Mason, to Egypt Miss Helen D. Anderson, to India Miss Margaret A. Anderson, to India Miss Mary Lois Boyd, to India Miss Elizabeth May Caldwell, to India Miss Eleanore K. Holliday, to India Miss Eunice E. Parr, to India Miss Una Coie, to the Sudan Miss Kathryn MacKenzie, to the Sudan Triennial Report—In America. 35 Also that we endorse the appointment of the following per­ sons recommended by the Board for missionary service:

Rev. Henry Rankin and Miss Ruth Jackson, to Egypt Rev. Kenneth MacKenzie, to India Rev. Wm. Ross and Miss Edith Weede, to India Rev. Wm. Sutherland and Miss Bertha L. McElroy, to India Also that we recommend the confirmation of the appointment of the following persons who have been appointed by the Board since the last meeting of the General Assembly:

Dr. and Mrs. Paul E. Gilmor, to the Sudan Miss Ida B. Eaton (Mrs. James K. Quay), to Egypt

10. That we hereby call the entire Church to importunate prayer, seeking the wisdom which is from above for the Church of Jesus Christ and God’s people in this unparallelled church crisis. Monmouth, 111., 1919. 1. That in view of the fact that Robert L. Latimer, Esq., having on September 29th last, rounded out twenty-five years in the service of the Church as Treasurer of its Board of Foreign Missions, the Assembly instruct the Moderator and the Clerk to convey to him a suitable expression of appreciation on behalf of the Assembly and the Church. 2. That, while regretting the loss of President R. S. Mc- Clenahan, of Assiut College, from our direct missionary force in Egypt where he has served so capably for twenty years, yet we recognize the honor and opportunity that have come to him in being called to be Dean of the College Faculty of the Amer­ ican University of Cairo, and we bid him God-speed. 3. That the Assembly recognize with gratitude the progress made in the interest of the American University of Cairo as noted in the report, and that we again commend that great enterprise to our people for an interest in their prayers and their gifts; also that we express our appreciation of the presence of President Charles R. Watson in this meeting, and invite him to address the Assembly in connection with the adoption of this report. 4. That the Assembly repeal its action of a year ago requir­ ing the Board to forward its material to Pittsburgh to be printed for the Assembly volume of reports; it being understood that it will have the work done in such form and in such time as to en­ able it to forward the report to the Clerk to be bound with the said volume of reports. 5. That we approve the budget for the year presented by the Board (this calls for $401,534, but amounts are provided for outside the budget to such an extent that only $23,688 is required from the ordinary sources above the amount available last year 36 Triennial Report—In America. from the budget). Provided, however, that if during the year it should be apparent that funds are not forthcoming for the sup­ port of this plan, the Board will instruct the fields to reduce their work so as to obviate incurring a deficit. But on the other hand, if funds should become available sufficient to warrant such ac­ tion, the Board may expand its work to the limits of the estimates, proposed by the fields. 6. That the persons nominated by the Board for service in the foreign fields be appointed by the Assembly, namely:

T o Egypt, Miss Mabel Blair Dickey (reappointment) Mrs. Mary Kerr Coventry Miss May Evelyn McFarland Miss Fay Elsie Ralph Miss Elizabeth Alice Speer Miss Ethel Lois Weed Miss Florence Lillian White Miss Esther Willis Wilson Rev. and Mrs. Charles Clarence Adams (reappointment) Lieut. Col. Wm. John Bell, M.C. Rev. and Mrs. James Alexander Pollock T o the Sudan, Miss Mary Elder Coie Miss Aulora Rose McIntyre (reappointment) T o India, Miss Mary Frances Lincoln Miss Florence Tomaseck Miss Florence Catherine Waddell Mrs. J. Gregory Martin Rev. and Mrs. Fred J. Mitchell 7. That in view of the advantages and economies to be gained through co-operation along certain lines with the Foreign Boards of the Presbyterian and Reformed Churches in America; and in view of the fact that already certain tentative arrange­ ments with these agencies have been worked out by our Board, we recommend— (a) That the General Assembly approve the principle of co-operation involved. (b ) That it instruct the Board of Foreign Missions to pro­ ceed with the development of the plan. (c) That if the central organization can be effected accord­ ing to agreeable conditions, the Board be authorized to elect from among its members its proportionate share of the members of the new Agency. 8. It is the conviction of your Committee that the time has come when the salaries of the Secretary and the Associate Secre­ tary should be adjusted to meet the requirements of the condi­ tions under which we live; we recommend that this matter be referred to the Committee on Finance with the recommendation that these salaries be adequately increased. Triennial Report—In America. 37 We call attention to the fact that the term of office of the ^following members of the Board expires with this meeting: Chas. S. Cleland, M. G. Kyle, W. M. Anderson, George Innes. Respecting the Memorial from the Convocation Committee asking that the Assembly call the Church to prayer for a specific object: Your Committee recommends that the petition be granted, and that Sabbath, October 19, be designated as a Day of Prayer in behalf of the “ 407” Movement. Regarding the matter of salaries of missionaries which was referred to your Committee for consideration we would report— 1. That we believe the salaries should be increased. 2. That no funds are available to warrant our recommend­ ing an increase this year. 3. W e learn from representatives of the Board that last year a War Bonus was paid in the amount of $100 to each mar­ ried missionary, and $50 to each unmarried missionary; and that they plan to do the same thing this year. 4. W e recommend that the Assembly authorize the Board to ■double this bonus in each case, provided it can be done without necessitating retrenchment, or creating a debt. 5. W e recommend that the Assembly direct the Board to make a careful survey of the whole matter of the missionaries’ salaries, in co-operation with other Boards with which relations of comity are maintained, with a view to raising the salaries to a comfortable basis. 38 Triennial Report—In America.

A Summary of the Annual Reports of the Foreign Department of the Women’s Board to the General Assemblies, 1917-1918-1919.

During these three years, almost to the close, our work was still carried on under the black cloud of war. Yet we record with deep gratitude the fact that in all the fields the work went on without interruption or serious hindrance, and with many marks of God’s favor. Dozens of our missionaries have traversed dan­ gerous seas during these years, but in only one case has any mis­ hap actually befallen any of them.* Miss Eleanor Maconachie’s boat was sunk by a mine off the coast of Ceylon on her homeward journey in the spring of 1917. She suffered the loss of all her baggage, but escaped herself unharmed. Many have been com­ pelled to make the long journey by the Pacific, involving weari­ some delays and large expense. But all have reached their des­ tination in safety. Incidentally it has given to some of our Egypt workers the rare opportunity of visiting our field in India. The following have returned to their fields after furlough: In 1916, Miss Ida Whiteside to Egypt, and the Misses Laurella G. Dickson, E. Josephine Martin, Josephine L. White and Hazel Bennett to India. In 1917, the Misses Ida L. Cabeen, Helen J. Ferrier, Elsie M. French and E. Roxy Martin, and Mrs. Nannie M. Finney to Egypt, the Misses Elizabeth McCahon, Laura B. Hamilton and Henrietta Moore to India and Miss Elsie Grove to the Sudan. In 1918, Miss Margaret A. Bell and Mrs. Mary K. Coventry to Egypt, the Misses Mary J. Campbell, Roma B. Beatty and Lois Buchanan and Doctors Maria White and J. P. Simpson to India. Mrs. Finney and Mrs. Coventry are really new mis­ sionaries as far as our Board is concerned, as they are returning under a new appointment; but in view of the service they have already rendered on the field in company with their husbands, we have placed them in the above list. The following have gone out as new missionaries: In 1916, the Misses Florence A. Hutchison and Jeannette L. McCrory to Egypt, the Misses Marietta Hamilton and Louise E. Scott to India, and Miss Emma M. McKeown to the Sudan. In 1917, the Misses Beulah B. Chalmers and Mary L. Thompson to Egypt and Miss Sara A. Moore to India. In 1918, the Misses Sara M.

* It will be remembered that several of our missionaries had suf­ fered shipwreck with the burning of the steamship Athinai in 1915. Triennial Report— In America. 39 Adair and Dora B. Mason to Egypt, the Misses E. May Caldwell, Kate E. Spencer, Mary Lois Boyd and Eleanore K. Holliday to India and the Misses Una Coie and Kathryn MacKenzie to the Sudan. Two of our young women in India have been transferred to the list of the Foreign Board during this period, Miss Ethel Wilson having become the wife of Rev. J. H. Colvin, and Miss Jeannette Hopkins the wife of Prof. C. A. Stewart. We pray God’s blessing upon the new homes which they have founded. Two others have resigned from our work to become the wives of clergymen of the Church of England, Miss Emma McKeown of the Sudan, who has married the Rev. Herbert Rivington, of the Gordon Memorial Church in Khartum, and Miss Sadie Thompson of Egypt, who is to marry the Rev. E. F. F. Bishop, Chaplain of Weymouth College, England. We wish them the richest blessing in their new fields of labor. Miss Beulah Chal­ mers of Egypt has also resigned because of her engagement to a member of the Royal Flying Corps. W e shall miss all these workers, but our warmest wishes go with them. We regret to report that one of our young women in Egypt, Miss Roe Williams, and two in the Sudan, Miss Fannie G. Brad­ ford and Miss Aulora R. McIntyre, have been obliged to retire from the work for health reasons. Miss Carrie M. Buchanan, who came home on furlough in 1916, owing to continued ill health, has been unable to return to her work in Egypt. Her many friends will feel deep sympathy for her in this trial. Miss Mary J. Campbell has been loaned to the W orld’s Women’s Chris­ tian Temperance Union for a term of three years as organizer of their work in India. In view of Miss Campbell’s success in similar work within our own field, we hope that this will mean much for all India. One name has been taken from our roll by death during this period. For twenty-two years Miss Nannie J. Spencer served her Lord faithfully in India, when the Master said, “ It is enough,” and called her home. A sketch of her life and work appears else­ where. The total number of missionaries in the foreign field sup­ ported by our Board at the close of the year 1918 is eighty-eight. The large response that is being made to the appeal for the “ 407” assures us that we shall soon be able to make large additions to this number. And just how much work is now supported by the Women’s Board ? For answer read the following lists : 40 Triennial Report—In America.

EGYPT. Thirty-seven women missionaries. Fifty Bible women. Martha McKeown Hospital, Tanta. Dispensaries at Tanta and Benha. Girls’ Boarding and Day Schools at Alexandria, Tanta and Luxor. Girls’ Day Schools at Karmous, Kafr el Ashri, Beni Suef, Fayum, Monsurah and Zagazig. Mary Herron Rest Home, Ramleh. Estimates granted for year ending June 30, 1919, $40,614.

INDIA.

Forty-seven women missionaries. Twenty-five Bible women. Memorial Hospital, Sialkot. Good Samaritan Hospital, Jhelum. White Memorial Hospital, Pasrur. Dispensaries at Sialkot, Jhelum, Khala, Bhera, and Pasrur. Girls’ Boarding School, Sialkot. Girls’ Day School, Sialkot. Dispensary at Pathankot. Girls’ Boarding and Day School, Sangla Hill. Home for Dispensary Workers, Bhera. Home for Lady Missionaries at Sialkot, Lyallpur, Sangla Hill. Elizabeth Gordon Home, Sialkot. Estimates granted for year ending June 30, 1919, $45,082.

SUDAN.

Four women missionaries. One Bible woman. Girls’ Boarding and Day School, Khartum North. William Little Day School for Girls at Wady Haifa. Estimates granted for year ending June 30, 1919, $9,825.

For the record of the successes and blessings as well as often­ times the trials and disappointments which have attended all these agencies ¡luring this period, the reader is referred to the pages which follow. W e gratefully acknowledge “ the good hand of our God upon us” and His presence with us in all that we have attempted. It has been a great regret to us that Tanta hospital in Egypt has been closed for these three years, as war conditions made it impossible to complete the work on the building and se­ cure the necessary equipment. Now that peace has come, we hope it may soon be reopened. For similar reasons, the erection of the new Girls’ Boarding School in Tanta has been delayed, al­ though the full amount of money needed is on hand. In the meantime, after careful consideration, it has been found advis­ able to make a change of location. A very desirable plot of land, comprising ajx»ut five acres, just across the boulevard from our Triennial Report—In America. 41 hospital has been purchased. It will be remembered that the orig­ inal lot was in the center of the city and contained less than half an acre. It is expected that the latter will easily be sold for the full amount of the purchase price. This change will doubtless mean much for the comfort and the development of the school. The Sudan Government gave us a plot of ground in Wady Haifa on which a new school building of three rooms has been erected through the generosity of a friend and named for him the William Little Day School for Girls. Owing to the greatly increased cost of living, a 10 per cent, increase of salary has been granted to all our missionaries as a war bonus. But despite this and many other increases of expendi­ ture, particularly in travel account, we have been enabled to close each year with a balance in the treasury. Although so many other calls have come to the women of the Church during these years, our receipts have been larger than ever before.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT.

Foreign General Receipts for year ending April 15, 1917... $89,224.08 Foreign General Receipts for year ending April 15, 1918... 83,250.04 Foreign General Receipts for year ending April 15, 1919... 85,246.95

$257,721.07 Foreign General Disbursements for the year ending April 15, 1917 ...... $71,593.33 Foreign General Disbursements for the vear ending April 15, 1918 ...... 91,552.41 Foreign General Disbursements for the vear ending April 15, 1919 ...... 72,591.55 $235,737.29

Foreign Salaries, credit balance, April 15, 1916...... $10,501.82 Foreign Salaries, Receipts for year ending April 15, 1917... 40,930.24 Foreign Salaries, Receipts for year ending April 15, 1918... 43,601.36 Foreign Salaries, Receipts for year ending April 15, 1919... 54,459.37 $149,492.79

Foreign Salaries, Disbursements for the year ending April 15, 1917 ...... $41,402.63 Foreign Salaries, Disbursements for the year ending April 15, 1918 ...... - • • • 42,384.09 Foreign Salaries, Disbursements for the year ending April 15, 1919 ...... 47,980.69 $131,767.41 42 Triennial Report—In America.

Formal Action of the General Assembly in connection with the Reports of the Women’s Board. Boston, Mass., 1917.' We would commend the Department of Literature and sug­ gest an increased number of readers of the enlarged magazine and the many booklets and leaflets to be secured. Every woman in our congregations should be a reader of the Women’s Mission­ ary Magazine and a user of the booklet— “ Prayer Cycle.” W e are glad to note that nearly 4000 copies of the Prayer Cycle were purchased during the year.

Pittsburgh, Pa., 1918. 1. That we urge every pastor to co-operate with the W o­ men’s Board in helping to organize a missionary society in every congregation throughout the entire Church. 2. That we pledge our support to the efforts of the Women’s Board to enroll the entire 80,000 women in our denomination in the society of their local church. 3. That we pattern after the example of the Women’s Board in the interests of increased giving by endeavoring to place the Missionary Magazine and a Church paper in every home within the denomination.

Monmouth, 111., 1919. 1. W e urge that pastors continue their hearty co-operation with this most important branch of the Church work, helping in every possible way these women who “Labor with us in the gos­ pel.” 2. We ask these societies and their individual members to join with us all during the coming year in a special league of prayer that “ Laborers be thrust into the harvest.” W e make this request because we feel profoundly that if this desired end —a recruited ministry— is to be brought about, a very definite be­ ginning must be made in the home, where life’s ideals are formed and where woman’s influence is especially dominant. 3. That, inasmuch as the cost of living has advanced so de­ cidedly during the past two years and as the Women’s Board, with its usual liberality, has expressed their desire to increase the salaries of the missionaries, working under the direction of the Board, the Assembly most heartily expresses our gratification over this worthy move and our satisfaction that it may soon be pos­ sible to increase such salaries to an adequate living support. THE

Triennial Report

OF TH K

American United Presbyterian Mission

IN

EGYPT

1916-1918

Egypt—Historical Sketch. 45

HISTORICAL SKETCH.

Miss Rena L. Hogg.

Mission work has been carried on in Egypt by the United Presbyterian Church of North America continuously ever since its first missionary, Rev. Thomas McCague, reached Cairo on November 15th, 1856(4) Organized work for women and girls may date its beginning from the arrival of Miss Sarah B. Dales two years later. During the entire period 194 men and women have been set apart for the work, of whom 71 were men, 61 missionaries’ wives, and 62 unmarried women. The missionary career of many has ended often little beyond the threshold of their work. At pres­ ent the force, including those on furlough, numbers 102, of whom 33 are men, 31 missionaries’ wives, and 38 unmarried women. Since 1896 there has been increasingly in vogue a system of three-year appointments for work that demands no knowledge of Arabic. At present our temporary appointees from America and Britain number twenty-three. In 1854 the population of Egypt was estimated at eight mil­ lions, two years ago at twelve. Of these all but about one mil­ lion are Mohammedan. That the unaccomplished task of the Church, numerically considered, has increased by almost one-half during sixty-four years of effort, shows that she has not faced her venture with the generous and far-seeing calculation and lav­ ish expenditure of life and property with which not only she, but the world has faced the task of war. Much, however, has been done that statistics fail to indicate and incalculable forces have been brought to the front of which the succeeding pages will tell. In reading one should contrast present conditions with those revealed by the landmarks of the past that were hailed in their day as evidences of stable progress worthy of an “ Ebenezer.” The labors of the first five years led but four converts to unite in communion with the missionaries in September, 1859. During the last three years 2430 have been received. Four years after the first communion of Egyptian converts an evangelists’ class was formed, and in 1864 this was developed into a Theological Seminary and an Evangelists’ School. In 1870 the first fully organized congregation of the Egyp­ tian Evangelical Church came into being, and the Presbytery of Egypt which had had only missionaries as members became an Egyptian institution, while the first Egyptian pastor was ordained 46 Egypt— Historical Sketch. the following year. Since 1899 the Egyptian Church has con­ sisted of four presbyteries, a fifth being added with the growth of the work in the Sudan, forming together the Synod of the Nile, and having under its direction all those activities that we associate with such a body in the home land. Along other lines the contrast is equally striking. Medical work was spasmodic up till 1891. Now with one hospital closed for lack of doctors and the other undermanned, we yet hear of 3000 in-patients and 33,000 free out-patients treat­ ed in one year. In place of four schools founded during the first decade of the mission’s history we find now one hundred and ninety-six, small and large, with colleges at their head and a university in prospect, while the extent to which Christian literature has per­ meated the country it has long been beyond human power to com­ pute. In many a Coptic community a spirit has been evoked mak­ ing for reiorms and where persecution was once rife many a Coptic pulpit now invites the missionary. Ever since 1882 a par­ allel movement has been discernible amongst Mohammedans also, and while the antagonism of multitudes remains unabated, count­ less doors once closed are now open to us which for lack of mis­ sionaries we cannot enter. Egypt— Introduction. 47

INTRODUCTION.

N e a l D . M c C l a n a h a n .

The events described in the following pages have taken place within the period of the great war, and while no phase of the work has been unaffected, yet world events which in one depart­ ment have proven a hindrance in another department have fallen out rather unto the furtherance of the gospel. Passing by the effects of the war w'hich manifest themselves either in increased or decreased incomes and expenditures let us point out two facts which, because of their bearing upon the pres­ ent and future, stand out as twin peaks. The first is the entrance of America into the war. The days of the missionaries previous to this event were marked by fre­ quent explanations if not apologies. The men of England with whom we are thrown, and with whom we desire to maintain the most cordial relationship, could not but feel that they were pour­ ing out their blood and treasure to preserve blessings which we enjoyed equally with them. With the proclamation of the jihad or holy war, who, either as a Christian dwelling in Egypt or as one interested in the Christian work being carried on in Egypt, did not thank God for the mighty line of England’s sons who at fearful cost were blocking the onrush of fire and sword. But once the Stars and Stripes took their place alongside of the Union Jack, all tendency to resentment vanished and a new spirit of comradeship began to manifest itself. Later when the American boys at the front and the folks back home showed that America was ready to make the supreme sacrifice for righteousness, our position became enviable. Today many an Egyptian peasant who cannot pronounce our President’s name yet points to him as the great friend of the oppressed. Recently a writer in Arabic racked and wrrenched the words Doctor Wilson that they might rhyme with Arabic endings, while he gave expression to a feeling com­ mon among the people that God had raised up our President and his people to save the world from the iron heel of the tyrant. In 48 Egypt—Introduction. other words, as a great asset for the future, the American Mis­ sion has an increased prestige both in the eyes of England and of Egypt. On the other side of the ledger the fact which leads all the r,est is the unavoidable shortage of workers. Many have been necessarily detained in America past the regular time for their return and God has called from our numbers some of our ablest workers. Others on the field being compelled to carry extra work have paid the price in broken health. Few new recruits have been secured. The splendid hospital buildings at Tanta, whose ministry has been so sorely needed, have stood with their doors closed. Never have the fields seemed whiter and the laborers fewer. To the young people who read the following pages there must come a challenge to examine afresh their life plans to dis­ cover if God has not a place for them on the frontiers of His kingdom in Egypt. To parents who, with such magnificent sac­ rifice gave their sons to face death that righteousness might con­ tinue, there must come the call to give their sons and daughters that the kingdom of righteousness may be established in Egypt. The land which poured out her wealth with such abandonment in defense of the oppressed, shall she not also give gladly that sin’s oppression may end and the Prince of Peace be brought to rule throughout the length of the land of Egypt ? One final word— In behalf of those who represent you in this land let me express our deep appreciation of the loyal sup­ port which you have given us in the past and ask for a continu­ ing place in your prayers and interest. Thus united may we all3 be true to Him Whose we are and Whom we serve. Egypt—In Memoriam. 49

IN MEMORIAM. Hnbrew Wlatson, UH.2>.

Born in Perthshire, Scotland, F e b r u a r y 15, 1834. Entered the Mission Field November 27, 1861. Died in Cairo, Egypt, December 9, 1916. The Mission in Egypt sustained a great loss since the last Report was written in the death of her oldest missionary—and probably the oldest in all Africa— Dr. Andrew Watson. For fifty-five years he had given himself to the work in Egypt. His service almost spanned the history of the Mission. There were but twelve members when he arrived, five men with their wives and two unmarried women. When he was laid to rest, they num­ bered several score. There were but six members in the infant Egyptian Church when he came; when he left the membership ex­ ceeded 13,000. He was the last link, among the men, with the early days, and when he was called home the mission felt that it had been orphaned. In his eighty-third year he was still bearing his part in the work with undiminished enthusiasm and almost undiminished strength. His great work was in the Theological Seminary in Cairo which he helped to found in 1864. Every one of the nine- ty-five pastors and licentiates serving in the evangelical Church at the time of his death passed under his training. He counted them his sons. His life was built into their lives. They are his abiding monument. But he was also a great preacher. He loved to preach the gospel, especially in the Arabic language. And few could use that tongue so eloquently and persuasively. He published in 1897 his history of the American Mission in Egypt, a valuable work, marked by his characteristic painstaking and accuracy. He was a skilled accountant, being often called in to disentangle the ac­ counts of others. He was long the representative of the Mission and the Egyptian Church before government officials. He be­ longed to the class of men called missionary-statesmen. He had a keen comprehension of political questions, and moved with dig­ nity and ease in the presence o f the highest officials and the great ones of earth, many of whom counted it an honor to be guests in his home. As a man and a Christian his influence in Cairo and all Egypt cannot be measured. An English government official said that Dr. Watson never entered his office, but he felt himself the bet­ ter man for the visit. The editor of the leading Arabic daily in 50 Egypt—In Memoriam. Cairo testified at the memorial service that for thirty years he had seldom written an editorial without asking himself, “ What will Dr. Watson think of it?” He was a man of clear and strong convictions, unswervingly loyal to God’s truth and message, and ever zealous in the cause of righteousness. Many honors came to him, but he remained the simple, humble, faithful, warm-hearted servant of God. His sympathies were broad and his friends many. No building in Cairo was large enough to hold all who mourned his loss and desired to pay him honor by attending the funeral services. Papers of other sects printed long and appreciative eulogies. It was a rare gratification to him and to all who knew him that his son, the Rev. Charles R. Watson, D.D., so ably filled the office of Corresponding Secretary of the Board of Foreign Mis­ sions in Philadelphia during the last fourteen years of his father’s life. The father delighted to speak of the son as his “chief.” It was surely a special token of the goodness of God that brought this son to his father’s side in time for sweet fellowship during the last days. While the loss to the Mission and the Church is inestimable, our hearts praise God for the long, rich life of service given him, and for the priceless legacy of his character ¿nd example.

IRev. TO. 1R. Coventry. Born at Frankfort Springs, Pa., November 1 1, 1873. Arrived on Mission Field 1900. Died at Americus, Kansas, April 7, 1918.

Rev. W . R. Coventry spent most of his missionary life, cov- -ering a period of sixteen years, in the Monsurah and Tanta dis­ tricts. He was in charge of the evangelistic and educational work, with all the varied details which that involves. At the same time he was ever devising plans for the fuller occupation of these large fields. One of his first plans was to visit the towns and villages along the river and canals of the Monsurah district by means of a boat. A small native sail boat was secured and fixed up with two beds in the sides, some boxes for tables and cupboards, oil and alcohol stoves and a canvas roof, and many villages, never reached by mis­ sionaries before, were thus visited. These trial trips in a sail­ ing boat demonstrated two things: First, that a boat could be used very advantageously, and secondly, that it should be a vessel pro­ pelled by steam or other motive power. Accordingly Mr. Coven­ try began to plan for a permanent power vessel and worked per­ sistently until his plans were completed and funds were secured for the construction of the boat. * I

Ri: v. W . R. C o v en try Egypt—In Memoriam. 51 Mr. Coventry’s next plan was to make use of the net-work of lines forming the system of the Egyptian Delta Light Railways in the Tanta district; and through his efforts a suitable car, con­ taining a kitchen, dining and sleeping room and bath was built. O f this achievement one of his friends said, “ He lives in the Delta Car which he planned and whose every part is a tribute to his foresight. It should be called ‘The Coventry,’ for it is Coventry alive and at work.” One day he came into the meeting of the Missionary Asso­ ciation with a “ blue print” which contained what one of the older missionaries described as “the best plan for the occupation of the field that I have ever seen.” He had studied the map of the Tanta district most carefully and then marked out centers for evange­ lists from which they could visit all the villages in their circles without traveling long distances. These centers could be reached by the missionary on the Delta Car and the entire district effec­ tively supervised. Among his last efforts Mr. Coventry formulated a scheme to secure permanent property in the various centers of his dis­ trict for evangelistic and educational work; planned and super­ intended the enlargement of the Tanta Hospital building; drew plans for the new Girls’ Boarding School in Tanta and outlined a plan for the reaching of sections of his district which had been neglected because of their distance from lines of communication. One who knew him best says, “ He was a true friend and a pleas­ ant companion of us all, ever ready to lend a helping hand. We shall all miss him greatly. Lives like his are not measured in years, but in deeds. So while he is dead he yet speaks, and as long as these agencies which he initiated or furthered are carried on he will be speaking.”

fllMss lEmma %. MUliame. Born in Denison City, Texas, April 24, 1880. Entered the Mission Field, August, 1915. Died in Assiut, Egypt, December 23, 1918.

In August. 1915, Miss Emma L. Williams came to Egypt. Her appointment was as a teacher of music in the Pressly Me­ morial Institute of Assiut. From the first, her influence began to reach beyond the limits of her appointment. All who became acquainted with her recognized that she possessed large gifts, that hers was the soul of a true musician; but gradually another fact began to attract the notice of all who knew her, namely, the com­ pleteness with which these large gifts were dedicated to the ser­ vice of others. In her ministry for others she attained forgetful­ ness of self. 52 Egypt— In Memoriam. Miss Williams was bom in Denison City, Texas. Her father was a physician. Her musical training was received at Provi­ dence, R. I. Later the family moved to Seattle, where, nine years ago, the father died. For years Miss Williams desired to be a missionary. And three and a half years ago when she learned of the need in Egypt for a teacher of music, and the possibility of bringing her mother, she gladly accepted the appointment. A c­ companied by her mother, Mrs. Priscilla Williams, she came and for these years gave herself to the work. She had made applica­ tion to become a life worker, and had been appointed, but before the word reached her she was taken sick with bronchial pneu­ monia, and after one week of suffering passed into the presence of her Lord. Miss Williams was a true daughter. Her first concern was that her mother might be happy. T o this end she labored while in health, and in the midst of her suffering she asked repeatedly that her mother might be spared all unnecessary anxiety. When her mother told her that she would soon be going to be with the Lord, the daughter added. “Yes, mother, and Jesus will be with you too.” She was a devoted worker. She was ready for every ser­ vice and never refused a request because it was not among the prescribed tasks. When others would have sought recreation, she labored on. When she drew near to the end of the pathway of earthly service, she was heard to say, “ Yes, I am glad to go, but I am not satisfied with my work.” Her ideals lay beyond reach of her strength. She was a true Christian. She sought to serve, not to be served. She sought like her Lord to do the will of Him Who sent her. Miss Williams lives in the life of her fellow missionaries as she calls them on to a larger measure of devotion. She lives in the lives of the great number of Egyptian young people whom she loved and served, as she calls them to ministries of unself­ ishness and Christlikeness. Egypt— Stations and Missionaries. 53

STATIONS AND MISSIONARIES.

Alexandria (1857)—Chief seaport of Egypt. District: The Beheira province, the northwest corner of Egypt. Area, 1,745 square miles. Population, 1,331,630, mostly Egyptians, but including 120,000 Bedouin Arabs, and in the city of Alexandria representatives of nearly all the nations of Europe and the Near East with a few from the Sudan and farther south in Africa. Ninety per cent, are Moslems, 8 1-3 per cent. Jews, V/z per cent. Copts, 1-6 of 1 per cent. Protestants. Arabic is the common language, but in Alexandria many languages are heard and English and French are widely used. Missionaries—Mr. and Mrs. C. S. Bell, Rev. W. P. Gilmor, Rev. and Mrs. M. S. Roy, Miss Elsie M. French, Miss Florence A. Hutchi­ son.. Miss Olive T. Mason, Miss Nellie C. Smith. Assiut (1865)— On the Nile, 270 miles south of Cairo. District: The province of Assiut. Area, 769 square miles. Population about 1,000,000, of whom 78^ per cent, are Moslems, 19J4 per cent. Copts, about \z/z per cent. Protestants and less than y 2 per cent. Roman Cath­ olics. The language is Arabic. Missionaries—Dr. and Mrs. H. L. Finley, Dr. and Mrs. L. M. Henry, Dr. and Mrs. W . W . Hickman, Dr. and Mrs. F. C. McClana- han, Rev. and Mrs. N. D. McClanahan, Dr. and Mrs. R. S. Mc- Clenahan, Prof. and Mrs. C. A. Owen, Dr. A. W. Pollock, Rev. and Mrs. W . H. Reed, Prof. and Mrs. C. P. Russell, Rev. and Mrs. A. A. Thompson, Rev. and Mrs. F. S. Thompson, Miss Margaret A. Bell, Miss Annie L. Corkey, Miss Anna B. Criswell, Miss Ella B. Downie, Miss Rena L. Hogg, Miss E. Dorcas Teas, Miss Ruth A. Work. Short-term Missionaries—Mr. Roy Allgood, Mr. and Airs. L. W. Parr, Miss Helen Agnew, Miss Frances J. Bennett, Miss Maud Bryant, Miss Annie- Dinsmore, Miss Margaret Tinkham, Miss Marv Work. Benha (1894)—35 miles north of Cairo. District: Kaliubia prov­ ince. A large part of Manufia and a corner of Sharkia. Area, about 1,30S square miles. Population over 1,000,000. Ninety-seven per cent, are Moslems, about 2 per cent. Jews, y 2 per cent. Copts, and per cent. Protestants. Language is Arabic. About 92 per cent, of the men and 999 out of 1,000 women are illiterate.* Missionaries—Rev. and Mrs. R. W . Walker, Miss Jeannette L. McCrory. Beni Suef (1891)—75 miles south of Cairo. District: The prov­ inces of Beni Suef, Giza and Minia. Area (cultivated) about 1,559 square miles. Population (1917) about 1,730,000, of whom 90 per cent, are Moslems, 9 per cent. Copts, about V2 per cent. Protestants and the rest Jews, Greeks and Roman Catholics. The language is Arabic. Missionaries—Rev. and Mrs. F. D. Henderson, Miss Helen J. Ferrier. Cairo (1854)— Capital of Egypt. Area about 30 square miles. Population (1917) 790,939, made up of representatives of almost all the nations of the world. More than five-sixths are Moslems and the rest Copts with a sprinkling of most of the Christian sects of Europe and the Near East. The languages most used are Arabic, English and French, but many others are heard. Missionaries—'Rev. and Mrs. J. W. Acheson, Dr. and Mrs. J. R. Alexander, Dr. and Mrs. John Giffen, Mr. and Mrs. F. S. Hoyman, 54 Egypt— Stations and Missionaries.

R. G. McGill, Dr. and Mrs. S. M. Zwemer, Miss Alda B. Atchison, Miss Ella -M. Barnes, Miss Carrie M. Buchanan, Miss Beulah B. Chalmers, Miss Ruth M. Eddy, Miss Isabel Hosack, Miss E. Roxy Martin, Miss Helen Martin, Miss Anna M. McConaughy, Miss Mary M. Pattison, Miss Margaret A. Smith, Miss Anna Y. Thompson, Miss Mary L. Thompson. Honorary Missionaries not under appointment—Mrs. S. C. Ewing, Mrs. William Harvey, Mrs. D. D. Robertson. Short-term Missionaries—Miss Christine Alexander, Miss Stella Robertson, Miss Jean Sloan, Miss Mary C. Wentzel. Fayum (1866)—About 100 miles southwest of Cairo. District: The province of Fayum. Area (cultivated) about 1,100 square miles. Population, 307,617, mostly farmers, fishermen and desert Arabs; 484,- 680 are Moslems and 21,437 Copts. About 96 per cent, are illiterate.1*1 Missionaries—Rev. and Mrs. Dalton Galloway, Miss Alfaretta M. Hammond. Co-operating Missionaries not under appointment— Dr. and Mrs. D. L. Askren. Luxor (1883)— On the Nile, 470 miles south of Cairo. District: The three southern provinces of Egypt, Girga, Kena, Aswan. Area about 1,289 square miles. Population, 1,956,891, of whom 43,000, including the Bedouin, Berber and Bisharin, are Arabs. About 88 per cent, are Moslems, over 10 per cent. Copts, 2-10 of 1 per cent. Protes­ tants and 196 others. Languages used are Arabic and Berber, and many Berbers understand Arabic. Missionaries—Rev. and Mrs. S. G. Hart, Rev. and Mrs. W . B. Jamison, Dr. and Mrs. H. E. Philips, Miss Laura B. Walker, Miss Ida Whiteside. Monsurah (1865)— 100 miles north of Cairo on the Damietta branch of the Nile. District: Dakahlia province and parts of Sharkia. Area, about 2,107 square miles. Population (1917) 1,482,718; ail Egyp­ tians except a few thousand Greeks and others. Ninety-eight per cent, are Moslems, less than 2 per cent. Christians, divided among Copts, Roman Catholics, Maronites, Greek Orthodox and Greek Catholics and about 1-7 of 1 per cent, are Jews. Arabic is spoken almost exclu­ sively. Missionaries—Rev. and Mrs. J. W . Baird, Rev. and Mrs. S. A. W ork, Mrs. T. J. Finney, Miss Davida Finney. Tanta (1892)— 60 miles north of Cairo. District corresponds roughly with the Gharbia province. Area about 1,690 square miles. Population about 1,500,000. Ninety-seven per cent, are Moslem and 3 per cent. Copts, Catholics, Protestants, Jews and others. The lan­ guage used is Arabic. Missionaries—Rev. and Mrs. J. H. Boyd, Rev. and Mrs. R. W . Caldwell, Dr. and Mrs. A. F. Grant, Miss Minnehaha Finney, Miss C. E. McMillan, Miss May Holland. Zagazig (1894)— 70 miles slightly north of northeast of Cairo. District: Port Said and Sharkia provinces, except Bilbeis. Area, about 1,240 square miles. Population (1917) 895,410, of whom about 74,000 are Arabs. Ninety-seven per cent, are Moslems, almost 3 per cent. Copts, and the remaining fraction of 1 per cent, is made up of Cath­ olics, Protestants, Jews and others. The language is Arabic. Missionaries—Rev. and Mrs. E. E. Elder, Miss Ida L. Cabeen, Miss Mary E. Baird.

* In all Egypt, but 4.4 per cent, of the people can read or write, or 8 l/2 per cent, of the men, and only 3-10 of 1 per cent, of the women. O f the Moslems, 96.1 per cent, are illiterate, and among the Christians of all sects 89.8 per cent. Egypt— AI exandria. 55 ALEXANDRIA. Equipment—W . J. Robinson Memorial Church; in the Attarine quar­ ter, a commodious four-story building in which are the resi­ dences of the missionaries, the offices of the General Treasurer of the mission, the office of the American Bible Society, the general book depot and local book store, the boys’ school and the Central Girls’ School; in the Haret el Yahud quarter a building unsuitable for residence of missionaries and rapidly becoming unfit for mission use. The Beheira province in which Alexandria is located forms the Alexandria district. Beheira province is the northwest cor­ ner of Egypt, the west branch of the Nile is its eastern boundary, and Gizah province its southern boundary. This district has an area of 1745 square miles and a population of 1,331,630. Out­ side of Alexandria the population is practically all Egyptian, the only marked exception being the Bedouin Arabs, who number about 120,000. Alexandria contains representatives of practic­ ally every European nation, religion and language. The Greek naLion has the most numerous representation of the Europeans, but the Italian, French and British are well represented, lurks. Armenians and Syrians are the principal Asiatic representatives and people from the Sudan and further south in Africa are not lacking. It is the presence of all these peoples that makes Alex­ andria cosmopolitan, polyglot, and the most progressive and oc­ cidental of all North African cities, Algiers excepted. Many languages are heard on Alexandria’s streets. However, one is not ill-equipped who speaks English and Arabic, or French and Arabic, but the one who speaks the three has a distinct advan­ tage. The people of this city regard it as nothing remarkable for one to use any number of languages up to a dozen. Alexandria has a population of 444,617, seventy per cent, of which is Mohammedan. These have eighty-two mosques and prayer places. Twenty-eight churches for various nationalities, languages and sects serve the Christian population. Eleven are Roman Catholic, eleven are Orthodox Catholic and six are Trot- estant, of which only one ministers to the Egyptians. Two syna­ gogues serve a large Jewish population. It is in this great center that the work of the mission has been concentrated. This great Mediterranean seaport, the com­ mercial capital of Egypt, through which ninety per cent, of the nation’s exports and imports pass, is no small field for mission­ ary endeavor. Because of its commercial influence throughout the land it is a strategic point of attack. In spite of the number of churches found, there is no attempt, outside of the mission centers, to evangelize its needy people, and the city is not ade­ quately occupied from a missionary standpoint. In the remainder of the district there is no work carried on by the mission. Within that area are found two large cities, one with a population of 40,000, the other of 17,000; three hundred 56 E gypt—A lexandria. and ninety-eight towns and villages and 3000 hamlets. Twenty- one of these towns have a population of five to ten thousand; two hundred and twenty-three have a population of one to five thousand; and fifty-four have a population of five hundred to one thousand. Practically all of these towns are accessible. Six­ teen are stations on the Egyptian State Railroad; sixty-seven are stations on the Delta Light Railroad; fifty-one are on main roads; thirty-four are on the river or a navigable canal; and seventy-three are within two miles of some one of these means of travel. There are eight provincial towns suitable for missionary centers, from which roads or railroads so radiate that the whole could be occupied. The Alexandria station was opened in October, 1857. The mission staff has grown, the work expanded, small beginnings developed, but the staff has never been able to keep pace with the needs, ideals, or possibilities. Four years ago nine regularly ap­ pointed missionaries were in the station, today we number six, no one of whom has been on the field more than ten years. In the death of Rev. T. J. Finney, D.D., the work sustained a great loss. A worker, a leader, a counselor, a father, rich in worldly and spiritual experience was taken from us. His place with the people and with us has not been and cannot be filled. His faith­ ful devoted service has enshrined his memory in the hearts of those who loved him, his labors are memorialized in the work and buildings of this station.

EVANGELISTIC. Since August of 1914, Egyptian affairs have been closely linked with the great war. Though not actually engaged herself, yet with a strong enemy upon her eastern border, and with thou­ sands of soldiers quartered within, she could not but be profound­ ly influenced by the course of events. Many feared that because of the war, and the sympathies of the big majority of the people, our mission’s work would be either stopped or curtailed. But as Egypt is the land of paradox our work instead of stopping, con­ tinued; instead of being curtailed, it was enlarged. W e feel God has rebuked our weak faith in what He has done [or us. We are often asked, “ How do you think the war will affect your work?” W e answer from what it has done. The war has made Egypt exceedingly prosperous. For her rich crops of cot­ ton and cereals her people have received vast sums of money. Many who have been ground down with poverty all their lives, are wealthy as a result of the war. But with prosperity has come worldliness. Many think only of acquiring more wealth. The spirit of the greater part of the people is reflected in the reply of a \oung civil engineer when asked about his spiritual life since leaving one of our mission schools several years ago. He said, “ I have left religion, the reading of the Bible and praying, be- Egyp t—AI ex an dria. 57 cauce I am getting rich now, and find I do not need these longer.” There is no district in all Egypt, where that spirit of worldliness is stronger than in the great commercial city of Alexandria. By so much as wordliness has increased here, by so much has the difficulty of our work increased. The outcome of the war, for which we are grateful, will also have an effect. It is true that the breaking of Turkey’s political power has destroyed one of the chief pillars of Moslem self-right- eousness and pride— one of the chief difficulties we meet in seek­ ing to lead them to accept the lowly Master—yet it has been re­ placed by resentment and anger. Some, by the destruction of their belief in Turkey’s invincibility, will be made more accessible, but access to the hearts of many has been made more difficult, as we are already finding out. To meet the needs of this great city, and the populous dis­ trict, we need a greatly increased staff of workers. But instead of being increased our mission force has been decreased. We have, however, received reinforcements in the ranks of our Egyp­ tian workers. For many years we prayed for these and sent our estimates to the Board, but each time they were returned “ not granted,” and we almost gave up hope of ever receiving funds. Then God raised up a deliverance for us from an unknown source. Some man in America, interested in missions, gave our mission several thousands of dollars “ for direct advance evangelistic work.” in which Alexandria shared to the extent of $900. With this sum we were able to secure three evangelists and open places for meetings. The first place opened was in Karmuz, in the southern sec­ tion of the city. We had had service there in the girls’ school for a number of years, but there was not satisfactory progress because Ave had no regular worker who could visit the people in their homes. After we secured a regular evangelist, the work went forward by bounds. So steadily have the numbers grown that we hope to be able to organize a second church in this city. Another section in which the work has progressed as a re­ sult of securing a permanent evangelist is Kafr el Ashari, the rail­ way freight center of the city. The work here is being carried on bv a blind evangelist, who is one of the humblest, sincerest Christians we have in our Egyptian Church. Recently, at a meet­ ing when a large number of Moslems were present, he preached upon John 3:16. Few verses contain more stumbling blocks for the Moslems than this verse, but so tactfully, so lovingly did he handle it that one Moslem, at the close of the meeting, said: “ I never heard a Christian talk like that.” The work here suffered for a time because of the many changes in the railway employees, many of our best members being sent to other parts of Egypt, yet the work is building up, and has recently taken on new life. 58 Egypt— Alexandria. The army has brought great numbers of young Egyptians to Alexandria who are employed as clerks in the various depart­ ments. Many of these were once students of Assiut College and we were gratified to have a number of them request a service on Sabbath mornings before they went to work. There is additional satisfaction in receiving such a request, because so many young men from the provinces are swallowed up by the allurements of this wicked city. Infidelity, too, is the fashion with many of the rising generation, who regard it as a mark of advanced education. Another center was opened at Bakus, a suburb east of the city. In many respects this work is proving most difficult, yet we have many encouraging features. Several of our Christian families live here and form a nucleus for the meetings. Recently work was begun by the Synod in a large village a few miles south of the city. A Moslem convert who was an ex­ slave was put in charge. The reports of his work were most in­ teresting. Every night a band of men gathered in the meeting place and read and talked together, frequently till midnight. But, just as the work was getting well organized, the worker con­ tracted typhus fever and in four days passed away. We have been searching for a suitable worker for the place, but until now have not discovered one. W e need to pray that God may not only send out the “241” missionaries to superintend the work in these places, but that He will raise up from the ranks of our Egyp­ tian brethren those who are fitted to do the work. There are scores and scores of such villages needing workers just now. The missionaries in Alexandria have had a large part in ministering to the soldiers. This, though added to our regular work, has been a help and inspiration to us. The work of the Central Church under the direct care of the Synod of the Nile is developing. Three new elders were chosen, which has resulted in added power and influence. When the war broke out great numbers of refugees came to Alexandria. We were besieged with beggars on every side. The Church organized a benevolent society with a strong membership, which took upon itself the careful investigation of every needy case, and the rais­ ing of funds to meet the need. This work has been a blessing to the Church and a help to those to whom most of the beggars came for relief. But what is the outlook? When we consider the greatness of this commercial city, its intense worldliness, Sabbath-breaking, and immorality, the outlook is dark. When we look to the few­ ness of the workers, both missionary and Egyptian, there is room for discouragement. But when we look to our home Church, our base of supply, and see the determination with which it is set­ ting about to send as reinforcements, many times as many as are at present on the firing line; and when we look up to Him from Whom cometh our aid, and think of His power to redeem Egypt Egypt— Alexandria. 59 and His promise to do so, then we take courage and go forward. Women’s Work— The Bible work for women in Alexandria is carried on in four quarters, namely, Karmuz, Raghib Pasha, Kafr el Ashari and Haret el Yahud. The average number of regular pupils for the last three years has been three hundred. This does not include irregular hearers. W e have three Bible women and are greatly in need of others. The greatest need of our work for women all over Egypt is consecrated women will­ ing to do harem teaching. In the last year work has opened up very well in Kafr el Ashari and we are adding to the number of houses every week. W e have a goodly number of Mohamme­ dans receiving teaching, but they are sometimes lost through lack of tact. W e are constantly trying to impress on our Bible women that the one great object of our harem work is to bring women to Christ. The superintendent holds a weekly meeting with the Bible women for study of the next week’s lesson. Once a month we meet and reports are given, difficulties discussed, encouraging facts mentioned and salaries paid. After tea and a social talk, we close with a season of prayer. W e find that this meeting is a great help in keeping in personal touch with our workers. Our great need is more workers.

EDUCATIONAL. Central Girls’ School— The past three years have been years of increase and development, especially in the matter of enrol­ ment and tuition. Here as elsewhere, early in the war, those in charge of schools looked forward to each new year wondering what it would bring forth of success or failure. Conditions in the country were abnormal and prices high. It would not have been strange if parents, seeing none too plainly at best the neces­ sity for educating their daughters, had decided that in war times education was a luxury and not to be afforded. But the actual facts were quite contrary to anything we could have foreseen The closing of many European schools because of war conditions, and the increased and still increasing popularity of English as a language, have brought us many European girls, who pay well and widen our sphere of influence greatly in this very cosmo­ politan city. These girls are receiving daily Scripture lessons just as are the regular pupils who take the whole course in Eng­ lish and Arabic. Our Egyptian and Syrian constituency has made real sacrifice to keep its girls in school. So that both en­ rolment and tuitions are larger than when we last reported. One strong feature of the school is its kindergarten, taught by Syrian teachers who have been trained in the school under American graduate kindergarten teachers. The atmosphere in the kindergarten, its spirit of loving service, gentleness and cour­ tesy gives its blessing to the whole school. W e are rejoiced that 60 Egypt— Alexandria. Miss Dora B. Mason, appointed to special kindergarten work in Egypt, has arrived and will make this her headquarters, superin­ tending the local kindergarten and starting a training class for teachers. This has been a need long felt and becomes increasing­ ly urgent as standards of education advance. The girls’ thank-offering last year was the largest in the his­ tory of the school, and their monthly missionary meetings, b'oth junior and senior, have been good. Christmas, all through the war, has been observed as a “ giving” Christmas, and the chil­ dren have learned many valuable lessons of sacrifice and service. We look backward with thankfulness and forward with courage, asking your prayers for an outpouring of the Spirit upon the teachers and girls that they may give themselves in love and loyal­ ty to Him Whose they are, and Whom we would see them serve. Kafr cl Ashari Girls’ School— In thinking over the past three years at Kafr el Ashari there is much for which to be thankful. The school has outgrown the two rooms it occupied and now uses five. In the last report you read of the Moslem opposition with which we had to contend. There still exists opposition, but not so much, and this fall fourteen new Moslem children entered school. Today Fatma, a Moslem girl, came back. Her father took her out of school last year because she told him Jesus loved her. The Ivair el Ashari school is comparatively a new school and had a small beginning. It has only three years in its course. The girls, as they complete the course, often go over to the Cen­ tral School to continue their education. Last year three com­ pleted our course, two of whom went to the Central School. They lived about half way between the two schools. This coming year there will be a class of twelve. The majority of them live right near the Kafr el Ashari school, and I fear their parents will think the Central School too far. If there were funds to get another teacher and add another year to the course here, these girls could be kept in school, otherwise they will stay at home as there are no other schools near them except Moslem schools. Haret el Yahud Girls’ School—I wish I could picture to you this school, and this old, tumble-down building, used since the early days of the mission. The last week in October a part of the stairs fell down. W e dismissed school till they were repaired. I feared this might cause a falling off in the attendance, as the report got around that the building had fallen. But the next: week every one was back. In spite of all the drawbacks the school is fuller than ever before, at least that was the condition before the epidemic of influenza. In this school, whose curriculum calls for six years, there are only five teachers. The teachers divide the work of the ex­ tra class and the older pupils help out. The teachers are all Syrian and they are rejoicing over the letters they have received Egyp t— AIcxandria. 61 from their homes since Palestine has been delivered from the Turk. Many had not heard from their people for four years. There are vast opportunities for work in this district, and there is great need of a new building for this school. Karmuz Girls’ School— The day school and the Sabbath School are well attended. The classes are almost too large for the teaching staff. One of the most interesting features of our work is the girls’ missionary meeting held every two weeks. This is led by the girls and many of them take part. The women’s meeting has grown the last three years. When the meetings were started only two or three came. Now the room is more than half full. They listen attentively and we see evidences of the work of the Spirit in their lives. Husbands insist upon their wives attending the meetings as they see it makes them better home-makers. They tell their wives that they will do without a cooked meal in order that they may attend. Boys’ School— Together with the other mission schools of Alexandria we have enjoyed unexpected temporal blessings. Be­ cause of the war we feared smaller attendance and less fees. The reverse has been our experience. The war has improved our school’s condition. The presence of the British forces has given an impetus to the study of English. In this closing year of the war the number of students in the primary and commercial schools is the largest in our history and the receipts for tuitions reached a total that we had not received heretofore. The commercial school has made extraordinary strides. It was designed for twenty students. This year we occupy new and more commodious quarters and more than forty students have been enrolled. They represent different nationalities, languages and creeds and come from different parts of Egypt. From the first our students have easily found positions, and with the extraordinary opportunities afforded by the army, they can hardly wait to finish the course before they take employment. Many have risen to places of responsibility with salaries that put Egyptian and American teachers’ salaries in the shade. The American Red Cross, the University of Pennsylvania Egyptolo­ gists, the General Treasurer of our Mission as well as other for­ eign and native employers have found our graduates satisfactory. Not only have our students been a credit to us along com­ mercial lines, but they have given evidence that the religions in­ struction has influenced their lives. One of our Greek students felt it was his duty to serve his country. He resigned his posi­ tion in our General Treasurer’s office and received a commission in the Greek army. He served as a liaison officer with the Brit­ ish. He carried his religion with him, and as a tribute to his ideals, the British officers with whom he lived respected his stand against profanity and improper language. More than once when things looked blue, men repaired to his tent to talk of the real 62 Egypt— Assiut. things, to read his Testament and receive comfort from his faith. We rejoice with this friend in that through bravery he received a Greek decoration, but we rejoice more because he was true to Christ. For instilling both commercial and Christian principles into the minds and lives of these young men great credit is due to Miss A. Katherine St. Clair, who for the past seven years has faithfully, untiringly and efficiently served as Principal of. the commercial school. The school feels a great debt of gratitude to her, and many young men of this and other cities of Egypt will hold her in grateful memory for what she has done for them. ASSIUT.

Equipment— Pressly Memorial Institute (1865)— A small building for the English department and a large rickety building. Assiut College (1865)— Seven well-adapted buildings on the new site and three on the old site. Assiut Hospital (1891)— One large building with two small clinic buildings and a two-story resi­ dence for physicians. The Ibis (1860).

The city of Assiut is called the capital of Upper Egypt. In a commercial sense it can scarcely be called so, but as a center of wealth and educational and political activity it merits the name. The district of Assiut, with which this report deals, as well as the city, is precisely the same as the province of Assiut, which stretches from Minya province on the north to Girga province on the south. The valley of the Nile is not wide here, being per­ haps from eight to twelve miles in width. To the west lies the bare Libyan Desert, reaching into the great Sahara; to the east is the Arabian Desert, which ends at the Red Sea. The population of the district is not far under a million, of which 78^4 per cent, are Moslems, 19i^ per cent. Copts, \y2 per

EVANGELISTIC.

THE “IBIS.” For fifty-nine years the “ Ibis” has been used in itinerating work in Upper Egypt. It stands without a peer as a pioneer agency in the distribution of the gospel in the various parts of Upper Egypt. Of late years, the “ Ibis” has been used in visit­ ing the churches, conducting evangelistic campaigns, and in reach­ ing towns and villages otherwise neglected. It has proven espe­ cially serviceable in bringing missionaries in touch with a large number of Moslems who were thus given an opportunity of hear­ ing the gospel. The last three years have been an epoch-making period in connection with the boat work. It was marked by the evangelistic campaign in which one of the Egyptian pastors was employed for several months. Series of evangelistic meetings were held in various churches and a deep far-reaching influence was exerted. In one of the places visited, a special reviving took place, result­ ing in the addition to the church of about a hundred members in the months fallowing. This period was distinguished by the presence of Rev. Jesse McPherson, an American evangelist, who had just visited the Far East. He spent several months on the boat speaking through an interpreter, and the meetings were very impressive and effec­ tive in quickening the spiritual life. The attendance was large and the fact that he spoke through an interpreter did not seem to affect seriously the results. His success has done much to convince the mission of the wisdom and advisability of securing special evangelists to visit the churches even though they require the aid of interpreters. This period will be remembered also for the beginning of! the pioneer work along the Yusef Canal. Two years ago the mis­ sion secured a second boat, the “ Witness,” for the work on the Nile, which made possible the entering of the Yusef Canal for the first time in the history of the mission. This canal begins at Deirut and runs along the edge of the desert parallel to the Nile until it reaches the Fayum, where it supplies that large district 64 Egypt—Assint. with water. There are hundreds of towns and villages scattered along its banks. The itinerating work was most interesting, re­ minding the older missionaries of the early days when Dr. John Hogg first began work in Upper Egypt. Quite a number of our missionaries took turns in this work. Mr. A. T. Upson, of the Nile Mission Press, spent a month on the boat and distributed quantities of literature by means of colporteurs. Rev. and Mrs. Dickens, English missionaries, also rendered valuable service. There were countless opportunities of reaching Moslems- who gave heed gladly. A great many unenlightened Copts also came under the influence of the gospel.

EDUCATIONAL. Assiut College— Thoughts of the three great years, 1916-18, stir emotions of thankfulness and pride, yet they bring also to mind the disappointment of many hopes yet unrealized. The needs that faced the college three years ago still con­ front us. More than ever does our opportunity call for a larger staff of permanent American professors. Endowments for pro­ fessorships, however, and for the foundation of a library are needs still unprovided. The demand of the times for Egyptian teachers of higher training is more urgent than ever. The lack of a suitable dining hall deprives our students of one of the first essentials of good living. Better sanitary equipment for our dormitories is imperative. W e take courage, though, from re­ calling the successes of the past, and are strengthened anew in our faith that it is not the will of God that we should lack any of these things. Attendance in spite of the hard times caused by the war has been kept up to almost normal figures. The cost of everything, especiall}r foodstuffs, has advanced, and the mission has been un­ able to grant us any additional aid, but we have met the situation by increasing the fees charged to students, by forced economies, and by deferring repairs and improvements, so that the college has no debt. During the past year a new Government secondary school has been established in Assiut, the first and only one south of Cairo, It brings new and not unwelcome competition into our field. Standards in our own school, however far short of our ideals, have heretofore satisfied our constituents, but must now be measured by the better standards thus brought before them. A most substantial advance has been made in the standards of our teaching, in examinations and in the classification of stu­ dents. The work of the registrar has been put on a sound and scientific basis, wrhich will make it possible to supervise and man­ age classroom work with efficiency. The college continties its emphasis upon athletics, with the growing conviction that sports have an unrivaled place in de- B r it is h A r m v S cenes i n E g ypt 1. Soldiers Going to Church at Assiut Collcj-’e 2 . Ariny Camp as Seen from Assiut College Egypt— Assiut. 65 veloping a manly spirit, and in promoting fair play. This work deserves and must have the attention of a well-trained specialist. It offers an unusual missionary opportunity. The years just gone by have seen the growth of a marked interest in our biological courses, and a good beginning has been made in furnishing the necessary equipment. It is a department which should be put at once into the hands of a permanent pro­ fessor, of graduate training, and provision should be made for a building, equipment and endowment. The triennium has seen the preparatory department develop into a separate entity and take to itself a distinctive life and spirit. The teachers have developed a most admirable esprit de corps, which is shown in all parts of the school life, but especially in the work of the Christian Endeavor society. W e think with pride of what the college has done in war work. In co-operation with the Y. M. C. A., we have maintained a canteen for the troops stationed in Assiut, and thus have been given many and varied opportunities for serving the soldier. In the summer of 1916 we opened one of our residences to the use of the staff, and our dormitories to the men, affording them a shelter from the scorching sun of an unusually hot summer. W e recall with great satisfaction the spirit of loyalty to the cause of the Allies which has been manifested by our students. There is no more loyal community in Egypt than our Protestant constit­ uency. A large number of our students have served the British army as translators and clerks. In Mesopotamia alone there were twenty-six men from Assiut College acting as translators, and we cannot but be proud of their record. Every one made good. Professors F- S. Thompson and C. A. Owen have given their va­ cation time to the work of the Syria and Palestine Relief Fund, and Professor Thompson has also been absent during term time in Y. M. C. A. work for troops encamped near Alexandria. Three members of the staff, Messrs. D. C. Bess. J. D. Elder and Allan Hunter, were granted leave to enter Y. M. C. A. and Red Cross work. A pump and an engine have been installed to supply sufficient water to irrigate the campus. Lawns and flower beds have been dug up, and are now planted with vegetables. Thus Assiut has striven to do her bit to help feed the world in these days of hunger. The past three years have seen great changes on our campus. It has been extended by purchase of land east, north and west. It has been beautified by the planting of trees, shrubs, and hedges, and by the laying out of roadways and gardens; a new engine pumps wrater for irrigation, and on the east side a well designed stone wall has been built. The college continues true to its missionary motive. In the; past three years 242 students have united with the Church; 211 have entered the Christian ministry; 14 have become teachers;■ 66' Egypt— Assiut. [and 18 have taken up the study of medicine. It was for the dis- jcovery and training of these leaders that Assiut College was estab­ lished, and for the same purpose it must continue. In April, 1918, Professor R. S. McClenahan left the college to enter the new wTork of the Cairo University. He leaves behind him an abiding record of noble service, and his going is a loss too great for us to measure. We pray for workers to fill his place and the other places still vacant. Pressly Memorial Institute— To begin with figures, 1917 boasts of the largest collection for the missionary society, $85; while 1918 boasts of the largest enrolment, 397; the largest grad­ uating class, 18; the largest Sabbath School collection, $171; and the largest thank-offering, $181. An effort is made to reach parents and friends of the girls along moral and ethical lines through the literary and temperance societies. The temperance society had made 1918 a banner year by securing over four hundred pledge signers in the city and dis­ trict. These are people of all classes and ages, among them stu­ dents from government and other schools. O f the annual thank-offering meetings, perhaps the most persuasive was that of 1918 where Mrs. Porter’s “ Light and Darkness” was given. The volunteer band continues its ministry in many parts of the city and its members do telling work in their homes and villages during the vacation. One of the Syrian teach­ ers has been carrying on the work in the prison for the past six years. The women love her dearly and think it a wonderful thing that one so good and so pure should treat them as sisters. They are learning that this spirit comes from the Christ Himself. We are rejoicing in the conversion of two of the Moslem prisoners, both of whom are going out into service in Christian homes. The school has graduated thirty-two girls in the three years. These are now scattered all over Egypt, some of them in homes of their own as wives of preachers, farmers, doctors, lawyers and business men. Six of the seven graduates of 1916 became teach­ ers ; and of the thirty-two, fourteen have taught or are about to begin teaching, and two have become Bible women, the first of our graduates to take up this work. Besides these, a number of undergraduates have gone out as teachers for a longer or a shorter time. We record in another part of this report our great loss in the death of Miss Emma L. Williams in December, 1918. W e wish here to take the opportunity of publicly thanking the many friends and supporters who have given so liberally, and particularly in the past three years. It would not be too much to say that it has been these contributions, which have come to us in special ways, which have made it possible fQr us to get through the period of high prices caused by the war. These gifts have Egypt— Assiut. 67 by no means been small, in the aggregate, and they have been greatly needed, and most thankfully received. During these three years “The White Gift Christmas” has been inaugurated with great blessing to all, and sufferers in Ar­ menia and Syria have been ministered to through gifts of sewing and money. Each successive senior class, through the great kindness of the hospital staff, has had hours of observation work in the hos­ pital. This with their work in school along health lines, the care of children and general home-making, gives us great confidence for the future usefulness of the girls. This much, of what the school has done or is doing. But what of the work that it might have done and longs to be doing? Wre have supplied some teachers, but we have refused far more requests than we have granted. In the past term we have had requests for ten teachers for the more immediate district, and for one each for Minia, Zagazig, Ismailia, Cairo, Aswan and the Sudan. If only we had room and equipment for more normal training, what a force of teachers could be trained and sent out. The school enrolment has increased from 360 in 1916 to 397 in 1918, and the boarding department has been full to over­ flowing all the time. This is encouraging, but what of the scores that have been turned away? Miss Williams wrote to a friend just fifteen days before death, “ Please remember the new Pressly Memorial Institute which we are hoping, working, and praying for. The institution has long since outgrown its room and many girls have to be turned away each year because there is no room in the institution. Some of these girls never have another oppor­ tunity, either because their parents decide to marry them off before the year rolls round, or because they change their minds and decide that further education is not necessary. I shall be so glad if some of my friends would become interested in this.” W e have today thirty-two girls on our waiting list for the boarding depart­ ment. How many of them will ever get their turn? Somebody must answer this question.

E d u c a t i o n a l W o r k i n A s s i u t P r e s b y t e r y .

Usually some sixty village schools are kept open in this 5 Presbytery. About 90% of them are being conducted on a very unsound financial policy. The majority of them are con­ ducted by the teacher on his own account, that is, he assumes all financial burdens, the bulk of which is his own salary. Here as elsewhere, schools worthy of the name cannot be conducted with­ out some source of income aside from the fees of the pupils. The average salary of these teachers is much less than the wages paid an ordinary cook. There are some notable exceptions to the above statement, where the teacher is well provided for, receiving a 68 Egypt— Assiut. salary that compares favorably with that received elsewhere for similar work. There are three schools at Nakheila, Sanabu, and Mallawi which are receiving continuous and fairly adequate support from the local community. As a result of this interest and loyalty, all three have been developed far beyond their neighbors. Each of these schools aims to carry a course of study only two years short of that provided by Assiut College and each of them should be utilized as a center, affording an opportunity for boys of the neighboring villages to secure Christian training of a higher char­ acter than the villages afford. An American missionary could wish no larger opportunity for extending the work of Christian education than that which these three schools would afford him. Assiut Presbytery affords a splendid field for an educational i missionary.' The field is large, and the opportunities great at the present time. There are communities almost without any real desire for education. The people need to be shown the value of schools to themselves and their children. The parents need to be interested first. The Evangelical Church is not as yet interested to the extent of contributing much money for school work. The money is here and is being spent for things of only temporary value. Let worthy ideals be set before them and they will respond. The Synod of the Nile could probably be induced to subsidize schools where the local interest is lacking and where financial support is insufficient. Gradually local interest will spring up, when the aid can be reduced or withdrawn entirely.

MEDICAL.

Assiut Hospital.—The last three years have brought us condi­ tions unique in the history of our institution, viz., an increasing work and a decreasing staff, both of doctors and nurses] We admitted 322 more patients into the hospital last year than the year before, while this year our city practice was very much greater than ever before. I Our two great needs are doctors and endowment. Dr. L. M. Henry, the founder and genius of this great work, which has been second to none in giving the gospel to thousands of patients yearly and in breaking down opposition and fanaticism, will only promise to remain at the helm one term more. For the year 1917 the two seasoned American doctors and a bright, capable Egyptian assistant saw on an average for the 365 days more than forty patients each daily. However willing the spirit may be, the flesh cannot keep up such a pace very long. W e are earnestly hoping that the world vision given to our young doctors by the war and the self-sacrifice that it has called out may lead them to hear the call to this more peaceful though arduous work for the Captain of our Salvation. Would that at Egypt— Benha. 69 least six capable, spirit-filled young doctors would volunteer this year for the work in Egypt. During the past year almost 3,000 entered our hospital and 33,000 visited the free clinic. These heard daily the word of God, talks on their hope for Heaven and their need of a Saviour, fervent prayers offered for them and theirs and the singing of the Psalms. Many of them committed verses of Scripture, portions of the Catechism, and the Lord’s Prayer. God alone can measure the results of this daily sowing of the seed, year after year. It takes only $1,000 to endow a bed. If one hundred individu­ als, families, societies, or congregations would endow one bed each, what a living monument to the glory of God that would make, how much suffering would be alleviated, how many lives would be saved and how many would hear of the Saviour. If you have not the money by you, send Liberty Bonds. “ The King’s business requires haste.” You may well ask why doctors leave the home land, and a lucrative practice, or prospects for the same, and come to a land of a strange language, and peculiar and difficult customs, where the educating of their children brings a heavy financial strain and the early breaking of home ties. The reply is this: For the glori­ ous opportunity of carrying out the great commission, and for the glory of our Saviour, Jesus Christ. The medical work is only a means to the end that those who are in darkness, ignorance and superstition, without God and without hope, either in this life or in the life to come, may have the knowledge of a Saviour who is not willing that any should perish but that all should come and take of the water of life. Many of our patients have a hazy, indefinite belief in God and the future state of paradise and perdi­ tion, but absolutely no knowledge of Christ, the Saviour, or of the Holy Spirit, the Comforter and Guide of our lives. The uncertainty as to the results of their illness makes them very approachable, as they are longing for comfort and assurance of peace with God. We wish to express our gratitude to God and our heartfelt thanks to the donors of the Ure legacy, which will enable us to open a new work which has been on our hearts for a number of years, viz., quarters for the treatment of hookworm disease on a larger scale. W e w'ould again urge the home Church to enlarge our medical force in Egypt. W e would especially urge pastors who have access to medical students to put before them the needs and opportunities of medical mission work.

BENHA.

Equipment— A building used for a clinic and girls’ school, and one for a book shop, boys’ school and missionary residence. At Sheblenga a model village school building. 70 Egypt— Benha.

Benha is located at the junction of the Alexandria and Port Said Railways. It is not a large town, having a population of only about 25,000, but it is the center of a large and populous district It is distinctly a rural district. Only two or three of the 266 towns and villages have over 10,000 population, and most of them are villages containing from 1,000 to 5,000 people. It is an excellent farming and fruit growing section; and beyond the river, in a part of the Manufia province, the soil is considered by some to be the most fertile in Egypt. Between Benha and the town of Kaliub, there is quite a fruit growing section where orange and fig orchards abound. The district is densely populated, containing over one million people or about 1,000 to the square mile. It is also distinctly a Mohammedan section. Ninety-seven per cent, of the people are Moslems, about 2% Copts and V2% Jews with about y2% Protestants. The schools here always show a large percentage of Moslems among their pupils. The station was opened in the year 1894 when Rev. Chauncey Murch, D.D., was appointed to Benha. He opened a school for boys, and a little later, one for girls. Owing to the difficulty in finding a suitable house in Benha at that time, he removed to Cairo, but continued to superintend the work in Benha. Schools were also opened in the out-stations, of Tukh, Shablanga and Birket es Saba. Later when Dr. Murch left on furlough, Rev. S. C. Ewing, D.D., had charge for a short period. In the year 1897 Rev. J. Kruidenier, D.D., was given charge of the work, in addition to his work in the Theological Seminary. He opened schools in Kaha, Mit Bera, Karanein, Manuf, and Biltan. Dr. Kruidenier secured property on the north side of the town, near the river, and erected two buildings: one for the girls' school, in which a clinic was held, and a larger one which accom­ modated the boys’ school and bookshop, and contained a small chapel for a place of worship. He also secured a plot of ground at Shablanga and built a school building, which has been consid­ ered by some as a model for a village school. In 1906, Rev. S. A. Work was located in Benha, and had charge of the station until his furlough in 1912. He added to the building occupied by the boys’ school by erecting over it a comfortable missionary residence.

EVANGELISTIC. W e are glad to report that the evangelistic work has been increased. During the past year we have had five lay preachers at work in this district. Most of these were supported by the Milton Stewart Fund, which added greatly to our force of work­ ers. One of our village evangelists had a circuit of fifty villages which he attempted to evangelize and some of which he visited regularly. Egypt— Benha. 71 One Moslem was baptized last year. When he was a small boy some school children amused_ themselves by teaching him some English words. This aroused in him a desire to go to school, and led him to study the Bible. He is a zealous worker and is now in the Bible school in Cairo, preparing to become an evangel­ ist among his Moslem brethren. Another feature of the work here is the opening of Sabbath schools for street children, who attend no day school. In addition to the regular Sabbath school which is held in the central school building, there are two which meet in other places in the town. At each of these thirty or forty children meet every Sabbath, to listen to Bible stories, and commit Scripture verses. At first they are attracted by the promise of picture cards, but they soon learn to come, and could not be kept away. Results are seen almost immediately in the conduct of the children, and that in a part of the town where the children were so bad that one wished to avoid passing through it. These, with the class of street Arabs that attend the central Sabbath school, make about one hundred chil­ dren, for whom heretofore nothing was done. The district of Benha presents a great opportunity and an open door. There are a number of villages which we are not able to reach. The location of the mission station at the railway junction, with branches of the narrow gauge railroad and good country roads, suitable for automobiles and motor cycles, makes its possible without long journeys to reach all parts of the district. At the beginning of 1916 a British garrison was located in Benha, and we opened tea rooms in the building occupied by the girls’ school. They were well patronized, and very much appreci­ ated by the soldiers. This continued for two years, making con­ siderable demands on the missionaries’ time, especially on that of Mrs. Walker, who had charge of the girls’ school at the same time. Many letters are being received from soldiers expressing their appreciation of what was done for them here, and we feel that the effort was not in vain. Women's Work.—W e have two Bible women in this district — one in Benha and the other in Birket es-Saba. A third is begin­ ning this month in Tukh.

EDUCATIONAL. During the past year the Copts were stirred up to oppose our work, and opened a school for girls, but He who makes even the wrath of man to praise Him, caused this to become a means of blessing to the school. As the attendance of Copts fell off the number of Moslem pupils increased, and now we have daughters from many of the prominent families in Benha. The highest Moslem officials send their daughters to our school rather than to their own Moslem girls’ school. At present one third of the 72 Egypt—Beni Suef. pupils are from Moslem homes, and of the other two thirds about half are from Coptic and half from Jewish homes. The last four years have been a trying time in many ways, and most of our schools have suffered a decrease in attendance. Also when the hospital in Tanta was closed there was no doctor for the clinic in Benha, so that branch of the work had to be cut off. The district appeals to one because of its great need and also because the people are village people, simple in habits and less fanatical than those in larger centers. Only about eight per cent, of the men can read and write, and only one woman in a thousand. It will be easily seen that providing one ordained missionary to a million people is NOT occupying the field. “ Let him that readeth understand.” BENI SUEF.

Equipment— A small school building at Ashmant. This district is situated in the very middle of Egypt: The three provinces which make up the district are about two hundred miles long from north to south while the average width of the cultivated portion is about eight miles and its area 1,559 square miles. According to the census of 1917 the report of which is not quite complete, the population of these three provinces is about 1,730,000. O f these 90% are Moslems, 9% are Copts, about y 2 % are Protestants, and nearly all the rest are made up of Jews, Greeks and Roman Catholics. In these three provinces are located some of the greatest won­ ders of ancient and medieval Egypt. The well known pyramids of Giza are in the Giza province and the famous pyramids of Sak- kara. Then there are the ruins of three great ancient cities, Memphis, Heracleopolis, and Oxyrhynchus. O f later places of interest there are the monasteries, Deir Amba Antonius at Bush near Beni Suef, and Deir Amba Bulus near the Red Sea which is also reached from Bush by camel caravan, the trip taking six days. This monastery is in the bleak desert hills, and for protec­ tion it is without an outer door and those who enter must be drawn up by a rope and windlass. All their supplies are taken by camel from Bush where the monastery owns about 1,000 acres of rich land. There are other monasteries, and also tombs and ruined towers all along the desert on both sides of the valley. One of the reputed burial places of St. George is at Biba a few miles south of Beni Suef. Beni Suef is one of the less developed stations of the Mission, but in this region Rev. J. O. Ashenhurst and Rev. David Strang, D.D., labored much in the Lord. Many remember them and speak of them. W e own no buildings or property except a small school at Ashmant, provided largely by private subscription. Egypt—Beni Suef. 73

EVANGELISTIC. W e have long planned that this district be divided into three, each corresponding to a province. While the work is small and comparatively new; Beni Suef and Giza have each a population of about half a million. The former province contains only three small Protestant churches, and the latter none at all. The other province, Minia, is south of Beni Suef and is the field where most of the churches of this presbytery are located. These churches both need and desire missionary leadership and beyond their bounds there are great stretches of untouched territory. A boat can be used to reach some of the towns at certain times of the year, both on the Nile to the east and on the Bahr Yusef on the west. A light automobile would be still more useful, and it would double a missionary’s efficiency in itinerating by saving time and effort. Our field is open for evangelistic work wherever we can visit or plant a center. Missionary itineration is carried on whenever time is available. Three regular trips by boat have been made in the last two years, one on the Nile on the “ Witness,” and two on the Bahr Yusef on the “Ibis.” About one hundred towns were visited on the Bahr Yusef, most of them twice. In two months’ cruising on the Nile we preached in about sixty towns, passing by many on account of the shortness of time. We have nine regular centers for mission evangelists, six of which were estab­ lished within the three years, besides those under direction of presbytery or of local churches. In Giza province, where we have two centers, there are no Protestant churches and only a few members who are in Government service, and may be located there only temporarily. The work consists largely of itinerating, house visits and personal work, though we have a rented house at Ayat and meet in small schools at Matania and Badrashein. At Wasta in Beni Suef province, we have the advantage of a weekly clinic by Dr. D. L. Askren of the Fayum, who, though independent, is a real American missionary and counted one of us. He shares with us in the rent of the small house where we have meetings and where the evangelist rooms. At Ashmant we have a new building, which, however, has not been finished on account of the war and lack of funds. On account of our being anathematized by the Coptic priest, a number of the Copts are against us for the time being, but partly for this reason some Moslems have shown an interest in our meetings. Ahnasia is the center of a needy region on the Bahr Yusef and near the entrance to the Fayum. It is the site of ancient Heracleopolis. Our evangelist there has a large field all to himself and is sowing much seed on the ways and the rocks and among thorns, and some on ground more or less good. Gindia has a small but growing church of about thirty members and the surrounding towns receive the word. In the Sultan Pasha district south of Minia, where the pastor visits about thirty-six villages and the people are all poor, we have two 74 Egypt— Cairo. men working, one a blind man who ministers acceptably to one large and two small villages, which would be left almost entirely but for his ministry. The other man has begun work in three large villages where they have put up mud or corn-stalk meeting places, and many hear and some have confessed Christ. W e have teachers of women in four places, Beni Suef, Biba, Bush and Sultan Pasha. Two are women and two blind men.

EDUCATIONAL.

Our four schools for boys are at Ashmant, Mantania, Matai and Mermah, near Beni Suef. These have a total average enrol­ ment of about one hundred and seventy-five boys and small girls. Each has but one teacher who teaches the primary branches and Bible lessons, conducts Sabbath school and helps with the preach­ ing service. The Beni Suef girls’ school has six teachers and about one hundred and fifty pupils, but we are trying to hold classes for seven grades in four rooms, which are neither suitable, sufficient nor sanitary. The owner, a friendly Copt, gives us the use of the building free. The opportunities are many and with more aid, room, equipment, and supervision, the outlook would be most promising. W e have the finest climate in all Egypt. W e have some of the most spiritual and progressive churches and pastors. W e have the most conservative people. W e have the third largest mission district. W e have fewer missionary workers than any other dis­ trict, even the smallest. W e have a prodigious task.

But “Power belongeth unto God.” And, “Thy people shall be willing in the day of Thy power.”

CAIRO.

Equipment— Large central building, Ezbakia near Shepheard’s Hotel; American Mission College for Girls, Abbas Road; American Mission Fowler Orphanage for Girls, Abbasia; Haret es Sakkain School for girls.

Cairo is situated at the center of the cross roads of the world. The area of Cairo is about thirty square miles, or 19,000 acres. W e may add to this for the years of the war several thousand acres, which have been occupied as army camps. The population is 790,939. The gain during the past ten years has been almost 17 per cent. The war has added much to the numbers, not only of men under arms, but a large “ mixed multitude” of both men and women, desirable and undesirable as citizens, who have come in with the army. The undesirables have made Cairo to be, as one has termed it, “ the grave of the soul” to many hundreds of young men, who left their homes, brave and pure. Egypt— Cairo. 75 Almost all the tribes and nations on the face of the earth are represented in Cairo.'' Among Egyptians there is but little race prejudice as we know it in America, and little class distinction as it is found in India. More than five sixths of the inhabitants of this capital city' of Egypt are Moslems, the other sixth are mostly Copts, but with a sprinkling of most other Christian sects of Europe and; the Near East. The language is Arabic.) Most of our mission work is done | by means of it, and your missionaries must learn it, but seldom attempt any other, though a few learn French for school work and on account of European society. A service is carried on in our mission building by the Armenians in their own language and wholly at their own expense. Of the many objects of interest in Cairo the broad ethnologi­ cal panorama of the street is chief, but the many beautiful mosques, well stocked museums of various kinds and the crowded bazaar attract visitors from long distances. The Pyramids are within easy reach. Cairo was opened as a mission station on the arrival of the first missionary of the Associate Reformed Church in November, 1854.

EVANGELISTIC. Related to the War,—The war has been very near and very j real to us. ) Egypt at the beginning suffered greatly from lack of raw materials for manufacturing. Since 1915 this condition has improved as the army employed more and more unskilled labor for construction in France and Palestine, and large numbers of clerks, storekeepers, motor drivers and other helpers. W e fear that the withdrawal of the military forces before materials become available for manufacture will cause more hardship than before because of the present high cost of the bare necessities of life. The relief work in Palestine, Syria, and the refuge camp at; Port Said have made demands on us)both for actual work on ’ the ground, and for administrative work and the buying of sup­ plies at the base. The last few months our force has been so depleted— five men as compared with twelve three years ago— that we have had to withdraw from some of our activities in this great work. Hundreds of thousands of British troops have come and gone to the different fronts in France, Gallipoli, Salonika, Palestine, and Mesopotamia. Thousands shave attended our English serv- ' ices and Christian Endeavor,)have read, sung, eaten, and visited in our homes, many of them in a day or two, to go “ over the top.” One can hardly imagine what the mission homes have meant to men, who had not been in a home for two or three years, in their fight against temptation, in this wide-open town. 76 Egypt— Cairo.

Calls for addresses and sermons and for help in evangelistic and purity campaigns have been numerous. Several of our men have served as Y. M. C. A. secretaries for periods of two to six months. Mr. Parker of the boys’ school has given a number of illustrated lectures on Jerusalem. A number of the ladies have spent a month or more in relief or Y. M. C. A. work, and others have helped in canteens and hospitals as it has been possible. The theological students have aided in the distribution of litera­ ture, and have won some souls by personal talks. When troops first poured into the country and were encamped in the desert surrounding Heliopolis, a large tea and reading room was opened at once, and there and at Zeitun a tremendous effort was made to supply comforts for the men until other agencies were ready to meet this sudden and urgent need. Our Sabbath evening service has enabled us to get hold of a great many soldiers and others. Several of the younger missionaries would go out before and dur­ ing the first part of the service, even into the red light district, and invite men to come. Many have been kept from falling and others have been brought to Him, whom to know is life and peace. Routine.—The quarries in the limestone cliffs of the Mokat- tam hills were being worked many years before the founding of Moslem Cairo. Yet the effect of the boring and blasting of the years is not noticeable in a broad view of the mountain. A climb to the citadel will reveal across the deep valley behind it, the old quarry “ workings” and in the distance, at the foot of the cliff, a few workmen, like pygmies, drilling away at solid rock. It is a parable of evangelistic effort in Cairo. If we turn around we look down on the homes of 790,000 people. Below us are the great Moslem quarters of Saiyida Zeinab, Darb el Ahmar, El Khrunfish and El Husseinia with a population of but 8,000 Christians lost among 330,000 Mohammedans. W e are looking on a city unmoved as yet by missionary effort. There are the minarets of two hundred and six mosques, there is a people ninety per cent. Moslem. Over against them your little group of mis­ sionaries seems to resemble yonder toilers on the face of the solid rock. In the midst of that mass of houses to the right is the Khrun­ fish center. Driven out of one house we secured another which served as a home for the worker and a hotel for converts, and contains also a reading room and hall for meetings. In the fall of 1916, the Lord called the evangelist, Hafiz Ibrahim, to a higher service. His life is a foundation stone of the Master’s work in El Khrunfish. He was patient and persevering in the midst of persecution, but perhaps his greatest visible success was in gather­ ing and teaching the children. The securing of a house on a more prominent street in 1917, has resulted in a marked increase of (attendance. Shakir Abd el Masiah is in charge. Rev. Abdulla Ibrahim is continuing the mid-week meeting which the late Sheikh Egypt— Cairo. 77 Mikhail Mansur conducted there. He also preaches on Sabbath morning to good audiences. All these men were converts from Islam. On that straight street in front of us near the open square of Bab el Khalk a new center was attempted in 1917. Shafik Faddul was transferred from Husseinia, and a book-shop and reading room were opened. The work did not meet with success, and after some months of trial, the shop was given up and Shafik became an interpreter in the army. To toil alone, day after day, in a Moslem section of Cairo is no easy task, and this worker seemed to lose his first love. A short distance to the right of the old Bab el Khalk shop is the new center, a second attempt in Darb el Ahmar, opened upon the coming of the Rev. Abdulla Ibrahim from a successful work in Assiut Hospital. It is developing very slowly. An outpost in advance of our front lines, it remains to be seen whether it can be consolidated or will prove too costly to hold. In spite of these years of war and with martial law in Cairo, there has been an expansion in the evangelistic work in the city. This has been made possible by the Milton Stewart Fund. Five regular evangelists have been employed in new centers and the number of centers of regular work in Cairo district now totals six­ teen, besides the four churches and the three regular evangelists of presbytery. The work in these centers differs greatly. In several, such as El Adawia and Mahmasha, there are crowded meetings with a good proportion of Mohammedan hearers. In others the meetings are not so well attended, but much house to house visiting and personal work is done. In Husseinia and Darb el Ahmar are reading rooms where the evangelist explains the Scriptures to those who are willing to hear. Five are in villages outside the city. The death of Mikhail Mansur on May 29, 1918, was, humanly viewed, an irreparable loss. Once a Moslem sheikh, a graduate of the great Moslem University in Cairo, he became a Christian and for some eighteen years preached the gospel to his former coreligionists. Perhaps "the most telling work for Mohammedans was his Monday evening meetings in the lower chapel of the Ezbakia building. Good audiences were attracted to hear him, and in his eloquent, fearless, sincere way he always held up be­ fore them Christ, the Saviour; then after the service, as out of his abundant knowledge, he answered their questions, it was in such a loving gracious spirit that they went away silenced or eager to come again. In personal work, in writing, and in preaching his rare gifts were given large expression. A fuller account of his life and work appears elsewhere. During the period covered by this report there has been an] unprecedented distribution of literature. The evangelistic work of Rev. S. M. Zwemer, D.D., through the medium of the daily 78 Egypt— Cairo. press,) though greatly curtailed by censorship and war conditions, has accomplished enough to prove the method a promising one. An advisory committee of the American Christian Literature Society for Moslems has been formed which has received money and brought out books and tracts. ~ \ A special effort was made during 1917 to reach young men ¡of the student class through weekly lectures in the Ezbakia | church, usually with the stereopticon. Dr. Zwemer and others lectured in English and Elder Mitri Deweiri in Arabic. An informal conference of missionaries representing all soci­ eties in Egypt was held at the Mena House in 1918. A prayerful study of mission problems was made and reported. ! Women’s Work.— In the city of Cairo our mission has a most interesting Bible work, under the able superintendence of our be- , loved veterar. Miss Anna Y. Thompson. During the past three I years there has been a force of from sixteen to eighteen Bible j women who have gone from house to house in a dozen different ! districts of the city,)from Fum el Khalig on the south, to Heli­ opolis on the north, about ten miles as the tram goes, reading, teaching, and preaching the word of God, to an average of 1,500 pupils. O f these, 159 were Protestants, 272 Moslems, and the remainder Copts. In nearly every district of the dozen, there is a meeting place, usually one of our schools or churches, where regular services are held, as well as weekly prayer meetings for women. These prayer meetings are usually conducted either by Miss Thompson herself, or one of the Bible women. Besides these there are as many more meeting places where Bible women are greatly needed as teachers. The abilities of these Bible teachers vary greatly; some excel in comforting those who mourn; one is especially good in teach­ ing ; another is gifted in expressing her petitions in prayer. Some of the teachers are aids to pastoral work, while others excel in working among Mohammedans. Some of them are specially help­ ful at mournings, and are frequently sent for, to read with the assembled crowd, and to try to persuade the women who mourn to give up their objectionable mourning customs, and each faith­ fully tries to do her duty in all these lines. There are now sixteen women who assemble regularly at Mrs. Harvey’s for their monthly meetings, at which they give in their reports and receive their salaries, and listen to a Bible lesson or a devotional talk, either by Miss Thompson or someone else. For several years Rev. J. G. Hunt, D.D., had charge of this meeting. Last year the different pastors of the city and some of the missionaries conducted it. Lord Radstock took one meeting. This year the pastor of the Ezbakia congregation was asked to explain Hebrews to them. There were two other teachers employed during the year. One of these, a girl from the orphanage, was found to be too Egypt— Cairo. 79

young; the other, a widow of varied experiences, seemed to make more of her experiences than of the Bible teaching itself. She had been told when employed as a worker that her visits were to be specially for Mohammedan women and she seemed to try to do her best. But when a Moslem sheikh came past her one day and told her to stop working in “ this Moslem district,” carrying the Bible under her arm, she tried to assert her rights, and the result was that Dr. Kruidenier was called to go to the police and en­ deavor to restore peace. There is a much younger woman,, specially under Mrs. Zwemer’s care, working for Moslems, who by kind answers, over­ came the threats of a butcher to “ cut her in pieces” if she didn’t stop teaching. He afterwards begged her pardon, and offered coffee, and the result is that that district is more open than before to the gospel. Mrs. R. G. McGill has charge of the workers in Heliopolis; Miss Isabel Hosack of the two in Haret es Sakkain and two in Mahmasha; Miss Anna M. McConaughy of the Kullali teacher; Mrs. J. W . Acheson of the one in Abbassia. They superintend the women’s meetings as much as possible. Miss Thompson, besides her school work in the Faggala, attends and conducts five meet­ ings. A Bible woman, Burkhtia, conducts six meetings with an a verage weekly attendance of one hundred and thirty-seven. In all our schools and congregations we have both women’s and girls’ missionary societies, which meet once a month for a missionary program. The total contributions of the women’s mis­ sionary societies of the Delta for the past year were $1,644.00. The total amount of the thank-offering was $782.67. Three-tenths of this was given to our two orphanages, and the remaining seven- tenths to Synod’s work. The last general Bible Women’s Conference was held in Assiut in 1916. Since then small local conferences have been held in our different towns. More of our women have been able to attend these and to get the blessings to be had, when a number of earnest workers of our Master get together and pray from the heart, for spiritual revival, and more of the Almighty’s power and wisdom. Miss Thompson and Miss Rena L. Hogg planned and conducted the conference in Cairo, which was largely attended and greatly blessed.

EDUCATIONAL. The past three years have been years of God’s own right hand. He has wonderfully preserved and blessed all the various institutions in Cairo, this strategic center of our mission work. In spite of war times and prices, all of our institutions for girls, nine in number, are in a most prosperous condition, and minister their d&ily blessing now to more than 2,000 girls. I wish you could look into these faces! They speak of many needs, and I am sure the 80 Egypt— Cairo. vision would make your prayers for them more frequent and earnest. Perhaps the smallest school, that in Abu El Ela, organized since the war began, would appeal to your sympathies most, since it is situated in a very needy, densely populated district ; or, per­ haps the one in north Cairo, Mahmasha, organized by Mrs. Zwemer about four years ago as sort of drawing card for her meetings for women, which has since grown into a most thriving little school, now superintended by Miss Hosack. These humble schools are primarily for the little ones but grow into places of large meetings for prayer, preaching and Bible study, and form centers where much unreported community work is done and much needed instruction is given in temperance and morality. W e hope it may not be long until workers and gifts make possible similar lights in every dark corner of this great and wicked city. | Fowler Orphanage.— You are all interested in Miss Margaret [ A. Smith and her girls. They have felt the high prices of food and the scarcity of it more than others. Yet the orphanage has been a real home to more than fifty girls during these hard times. Mrs. J. W. Acheson has had charge of the day school conducted in the orphanage building. The grade of the school as well as the character of the work has been raised to a higher standard. A number of Moslem girls in that district have been reached by the school. One mother said: “ Hamida loves your Book, and her teachers.” The girls love to sing the Lord’s songs, and you would be delighted to hear them, for they sing well. The Ezbakia pastor, whose sister teaches in the school, has helped to train them. Kullali.— In the past three years the enrolment of this school i has increased from 404 in 1916 to 572 in 1918. Miss Anna M. McConaughy has carried the responsibility of directing not only this school, but also the Haret es Sakkain school for most of these three years, and testifies that while at times it seemed almost an impossible task, yet He has given daily strength and has prospered the work. “ The little ones are our opportunity,” she says. More than 400 of the 572 enrolled are little tots, studying in the primer, but never a day passes without a Bible story, a Bible verse, a part of a Psalm, or one of the commandments being committed to memory. A class of eleven girls finishes the four year course of study this year. Some will continue their education in the board­ ing school or college; others are willing to teach the little ones, and thus render valuable assistance. Haret es Sakkain.—In spite of so many changes in teachers ; and so many rival schools, both Coptic and Moslem, this school ' has been able to hold its own. Miss Isabel Hosack, who has been in charge since September, 1918, speaks most encouragingly of the Sabbath school. A new class of boys, numbering thirty or more, T w o E d u c a t io n a l I nstitutions i n C airo i . The Cairo Girls’ College 2. Children of the Fowler Orphanage. Egypt— Cairo. 81 is enjoying its benefits. Another class for girls who have gradu­ ated from the school, has been organized recently with the hope that from them there will be some who will be willing to do prac­ tical Christian work. The teachers and girls of the school have been of real help in many of the homes of this district Faggala.— Miss Anna Y. Thompson has continued to give her' earnest, untiring efforts to this school,} which is closely connected1 with the Faggala congregation, in which she is so much appreci­ ated. The Christian Endeavor Society and the temperance meet­ ings in the school have both been blessings to the girls. The girls contributed $68.00 through the missionary society and thank- offerings. They also helped to support' a bed in the Church Mis­ sionary Society Hospital. Eight of the girls from this school are teaching in different primary schools in the city. There is a branch of the Y. W . C. A. in the school, and drill exercises given by two of the Y. W . C. A. workers were greatly enjoyed. Esbakia 'Day and Boarding School.— Thorough, earnest! Christian work has been done by the fourteen teachers in this: school.} The two departments have both kept very full during these three years of war times. Nineteen girls have made profession of their faith in Jesus Christ as Saviour, while a number of others have been hindered by opposition of parents. One definite aim of this year has been to deepen the prayer life of the school. A prayer circle among the older girls has been linked up with similar prayer circles of girls in India and the Sudan. We feel that the circle is growing stronger, and that it will be of greater service in the future. The teachers have mothered special groups of girls, and if all were faithful each girl would be prayed for daily by name. Ten fine girls received their diplomas last week. Two of these, one of whom is a Jewess, are joining our staff as teachers at once. They have had practice teaching this year under the guidance of Miss Anna Duncan. The girls have shown their gratitude to the Great Giver in gifts amounting to over $300.00, mostly given to orphanages and Syrian relief. The College for Girls.— Miss Mary M. Pattison and Miss! Helen J. Martin are now in charge of this important institution. Miss Pattison reports as follows: “The past three years in the Girls’ College have seen progress in many ways, but not in very conspicuous ways. Those in charge have had very much a feel­ ing of marking time. Definite plans for the development of the school have had to be held in abeyance until the times should be more settled. Perhaps our greatest war time difficulty has been a depleted staff. Then too, we have had many changes in admin­ istration because of illness. But certainly no institution could have had a more definite experience of the Heavenly Father’s care than we have enjoyed during these uncertain days. From about half of a normal enrolment in the first year of the war, we have returned to more than pre-war numbers, and the boarding department is 82 Egypt— Cairo.

overflowing more than ever before. Financially we have come through to the end of 1918 wonderfully well, but the rates of travel and the high prices of other things still bid us beware. However, we thank the Lord and take courage. He who has brought us so far will not desert us.” ! Esbakia Boys’ School.— Mr. F. S. Hoyman reports as fol­ lows : “The school has been ‘carrying on’ with varying fortunes as to attendance and tuitions. At the present writing these are both lower than three years ago. This is caused by new competitors both in Cairo, and in the provincial towns, and by insufficient supervision due to the demands of other duties. This lack begets looseness in classification, and slackness in teaching. W e have introduced some new features, such as the handing in of the out­ line of each recitation to be given on the following day. Mr. Parker, who has been doing faithful work with us for three years, returns to America to finish his theological course. The school needs a trained American educator as superintendent to give all his time to the work, and an American teacher to help in English teaching. The religious teaching and meetings have been carried on. Dr. Giffen’s chapel talks have been very helpful. Several of the boys have joined the church, but in many cases the seed sown has not developed as one might hope. W e trust that the Lord of the harvest will strengthen the sowers and quicken by His Spirit the seed sown and bring praise to His name.” Theological Seminary.— In reviewing the years 1916-17-18, one is impressed with the changes the Theological Seminary and Lay Preachers’ School have passed through. The Rev. Andrew Watson, D.D., LL.D., President of the Faculty for so many years, was called to his eternal reward December 9, 1916. In his stead Rev. J. R. Alexander, D.D., LL.D., served as President of the Faculty until he left for furlough in America, when Rev. J. Kruidenier, D.D., was appointed chairman •of the faculty to act until the return of Rev. J. G. Hunt, D.D. During 1918, the number of students in the Theological Semi­ nary was 25; in 1917, 17, and in 1918, 18, and the number in the Preachers’ School for 1916, 12; for 1917. 16, and for 1918, 21. With reference to the students of the Theological Seminary the decrease in attendance is explained by two occurrences. But one student entered the first year class in 1917. This was caused by a change in the policy of the Synod and the Association with regard to the status of the students. Upon another alteration of the policy the following year the attendance again became normal. The second occurrence affecting the enrolment in 1917 was the withdrawal of four students in the middle year for service in the Egyptian Expeditionary Force of the British Army. They left of their own initiative, hoping to better their financial circumstances. One of these has applied this year for readmission. All of the Seminary students are graduates of Assiut College. Egypt— Fayum. 83 Our Seminary, though more than fifty years old, does not possess a plant of its own. For many years, rooms in a part of the Ezbakia building answered the purpose of dormitory and lec­ ture rooms. These became so overcrowded two and a half years ago that we were forced to make a change. In consequence, we secured dormitory accommodation outside. It will do as a make­ shift, but no rented house seems to be wholly suitable. W e are in the second one of this kind at present. Our Theological Seminary proper compares favorably with schools of the same type at home. Its courtesy, study and meth­ ods of instruction are patterned largely after them. The Lay Preachers’ Training School is made up of young “ efi, without extensive literary training who have had experience in diifeicrvt kinds of Christian work. This rlass promises m bo_ come an institution resembling the Bibla training schools at home. Its students coming from all classes and from other missions as well as our own, are finding here instruction in the Scriptures that will help them not only as preachers of the word, but also as teachers in schools and as catechists and colporteurs. The spirit among the young men in both schools has on the whole been good. A consciousness of being called to service coupled with a very laudable attempt on their part to profit by the lessons received has enabled them to persevere and bear many dis­ comforts. The graduates from these schools serve not only the Church and mission in Egypt, but also in the Sudan where even as far south as Nasser on the Sobat River they are privileged to ■carry the message. Not long ago interesting letters were received from some of them, revealing their prayer life and their zeal for the Master. At present the Synod of the Nile has become interested in the project of a seminary of its own. A committee has been appointed to study the relation of Synod to our seminary and to recommend a way whereby their hope may be realized. It is pos­ sible that they may obtain their desire by adopting our seminary. Should the)r do this it will be a great step forward, a step of great responsibility and opportunity, upon which we will earnestly in­ voke God’s blessing. FAYUM.

Equipment— No property is owned by the mission. The Fayum is off by itself; a basin-shaped oasis scooped out of the Libyan Desert plateau and remarkable on account of its inland lake, the. extraordi. :ary fertility of its soil, its celebrated scenery— some have called it “the Switzerland of Egypt”— and its many historical associations. It is also noted for its dates, figs, oranges and olives, At one time the lake covered a large part of the district and in the old days of basin irrigation, long before 84 E gyp i— F ay u m. the time of Joseph, it was used to regulate the level of the water in the Nile Valley. Strabo, writing in B. C. 20, describes the lake as being “large enough to be called a sea, and resembling the open sea in color.” At the point where the river Joseph enters the Fayum, it is about 80 feet above the sea level. At the north end where"the lake was at one time 73 feet above sea level, it is now 140 feet below. The cultivated area of the Fayum is almost 1,100 square miles with a population of 507,617, of whom the majority are farmers, fishermen and desert Arabs. Medinet el Fayum with a population of over 45,000 is the capital of the province. It is centrally located and out from every side run splendid roads to every part of the province. When the district was first opened ro missionary work more than fifty years ago, there w a ? n o railway south of Cairo. In those days it must have been a long hard trip up from the river and over the desert hills. It is now an hour’s ride by rail from the main line at Wasta. Of the above population, only about 20,000 are literate; 484,- 630 are Moslems and 21,437 Copts. Over against this multitude are two regular Egyptian pastors and a few evangelists, Bible women and teachers and the missionary staff, including Dr. and Mrs. D. L. Askren who have been doing the medical work here for more than fourteen years. One of the pastors is Rev. Shenu- dah Hanna, the first graduate of Assiut College and one of the earliest graduates of our Theological Seminary, who has been serving in Sinnoris as a pastor for more than forty-four years. During the last three years British troops have occupied the Fayum. They first came in numbers, for there was danger from the Arab tribes to the west; but later on when the Senussi tribe had been conquered, they were here only for garrison duty. First came the British yeomanry, fine strong men of Kitchener’s army; then some British regiments that had been fighting at Gallipoli, and later on the Irishmen and Indian Camel Corps sent for gar­ rison duty. While they were in the Fayum we all did what we were able to do in entertaining the officers and men, assisting the Y. M. C. A. and conducting religious services as opportunity offered. It has been only during the last two years that the majority of the people of the Fayum really began to feel the effects of the war. When the Government began gathering in the camels and donkeys, though a good price was always paid for them, and when the sons of the ignorant peasants were being drafted for the Labor Corps, when kerosene became scarce and prices began to go up and paper money began to take the place of the silver that was being hoarded, many felt that they were greatly afflicted, and one often heard the exclamation: “ Oh when will this terrible war end ?” It is true that many poor people suffered, but compar­ ed with those who lived in Europe and other parts of the Near Egypt— Fayum. 85 East, those who lived in this land, one of the world’s garden spots of sunshine and plenty, had cause for little but gratitude.

EVANGELISTIC. At the beginning of 1916 things looked very discouraging because the new Coptic bishop was doing his best to drive us out and to keep a gospel-hungry people from being fed with the bread of life. But when people are hungry they will have food and it has not gone well with the bishop. We have made a little progress and have four native evangelists under the direction of the mis­ sion now instead of one as in 1916. W e still have three Bible women teaching and preaching to the women in their homes. In the village of Tubhar a little plot of ground has been pur­ chased and a building erected for school and church, and an opposition school has long since closed its doors. In another vil­ lage where there is a handful of faithful members of our Church, a communion service last spring kindled afresh their zeal and some were added to their number. Now they are ready to build a place of worship rather than have the service in a small dwell­ ing house. While most of the work of our evangelists is done for the Copts we are constantly urging work among the Moslems, and many Moslems hear the gospel by attending meetings and coming into personal contact with the evangelists. Practically all those who come to Dr. Askren’s clinic are Moslems, and there they have an opportunity to hear the gospel. The new Psalter has been a great asset to the evangelistic work here in the Fayum. The people love to sing. In spite of the war both of our organized congregations have been growing. The Fayum congregation has become self-supporting and there has been a new interest manifested in special evangelistic meetings. Such speakers as Lord Radstock, Dr. S. M. Zwemer, Rev. Jesse McPherson, Rev. W. T. Fairman, and Elder Mitri, besides a num­ ber of our strongest pastors, have brought ringing messages of life to large audiences.

EDUCATIONAL.

Girls’ School.— Our main educational work in the Fayum is the Girls’ School in Medinet El Fayum. One day Miss Hammond came from the school looking rather tired and on being asked how the work was coming on answered: “Well, I feel a good deal like the 'old woman who lived in a shoe.’ ” The school has made steady progress these last three years till now in spite of the fact that the influenza hindered the work somewhat lately, the school is the best it has been in years. A little incident that Miss Ham­ mond tells is worth repeating: “ One of our little free pupils is so anxious to study and become a teacher that she goes out under the stre.pt lamn near her home to studv her lessons at ni^ht. Her 86 Egypt— Luxor. mother is too poor to buy oil for light, but is very ambitious for her daughters, and so sells sugar cane, sweet p ot^ es, etc., in order to feed and clothe them. She wants t h ^ to have a better life than she has had, she says, and he«*-6 has put them in the cnristian school.” Boys’ School.—The Boys’ School in the same city, which was for many years under the mission, has been taken over by the local congregation. A school committee has it in charge and we are glad to report that the school is doing very well. The small schools in the district which receive a monthly grant from the mission are rapidly getting back to where they were before the bishop began upsetting things. Some are better than they have ever been before. It is from these little village schools, where the Bible and catechism are daily taught, that we may look for the future leaders of the Church and nation.

MEDICAL. r” ' Dr. Askren’s reputation not only as one of the most expert surgeons in Egypt, but as a man with a big heart, is known far and wide not only in the Fayum but up and down the Nile Valley. People, the majority of whom are Moslems, coming to his clinics in the Fayum and Wasta afford a splendid opportunity to spread the good news of the Great Physician. During the last few years he has been given a welcome entrance into many wealthy Moslem homes in the Fayum. Dr. and Mrs. Askren are now in Jerusalem “ doing their bit” with the American Red Cross. They have been gone less than a month and already many have asked us: “ When- is the doctor coming back ?” LUXOR.

Equipment— Girls’ Boarding School, Residence for missionaries, the house boat or “dahabiyah,” the Witness. This district includes the three southern provinces of Egypt: Girga, Kena and Aswan. Its length following the bends of the river, from Tema, the first station on the north to Aswan on the south, is 307 miles; then adding the additional distance to Shallal, the last railway station, we have in all about 312 miles. The area of this district is about 1,289 square miles or about 10^ per cent, of the area of all Egypt. The population is 1,956,891 or about one sixth of the population of all Egypt—not a small number to be evangelized. The number of persons to the square mile is 1,507. The density of the population is realized more fully if we compare it with America. For instance, in Pennsylvania, the population is but 196 to the square mile. Besides the Egyptians, there are about 43,000 Arabs, including the Bedouin, Berbers and Bisharin. The languages spoken are the Arabic and Berber. The number speaking Berber is comparatively small and many of the Egypt— Luxor. Berber men understand Arabic. O f the whole population, 1.740,- 445, more than 89 per cent., are Moslems; and of the various Christian sects the Copts number 213,000; Protestants, 3,250; others 196. There are many places of interest historically. Near the station of Baliana is Abydos which we may call the “ cradle” of Egyptian civilization ; then at Dendera, near Kena, and most of all, at Luxor, on both sides of the river are tombs and ruins, and there are old temples at Esna, Edfu, Kom Ombo and Aswan. At this last place there are not only the remains of the work and ancient civilization of the Egyptians, but also the evidence of there having been there a large Jewish colony. Work in this district was begun very early in the history of the mission by the missionaries who were working from the mission boats. A school was opened in Luxor as early as 1S59, but closed again in 1860. The Rev. Ebenezer Currie lived in Kus for some time and in the latter part of the seventies a good deal of work was done in Kus, Luxor and Kurna. The congregations of Luxor and Kurna were organized in 1862, and the Rev. and Mrs. Chauncey Murch were located in Luxor in 1883.

EVANGELISTIC. The evangelistic work is carried on by two different agencies working together; these are the Synod of the Nile, and the mis­ sion. The Synod carries on the work as an organized Church body, and of course, the whole aim of the mission is to build up a strong native Church of “ those who are being saved.” The evangelistic work of the district was begun by -the mis-- sionaries fifty or sixty years ago who sowed the seed here and there as they had opportunity. As this seed bore fruit, the con­ verts were gathered into congregations of which the presbyteries and Synod were organized. There are now fourteen organized congregations in the district, besides thirty-one other preaching places; there are six pastors, five ordained men working as evan­ gelists, six licentiates, and four lay preachers, who have more or less theological training. The church membership of the district is 763 men and 831 women, or a total of 1,594. There is a Sab­ bath morning attendance at the meetings of 3,264, and week eve­ ning attendance of 1,278. The contributions for the past year amounted to $8,216. There are in connection with these churches 29 Sabbath schools, with an attendance of 733 men, 467 women, 627 boys, and 509 girls, or 2,336 in all, with 84 teachers. The contributions of the schools amounted to $455. Working with the organized Church of Egypt, the more direct work of the mission is carried on by different agencies, as (1) the lay preachers. This agency as carried on at present is somewhat new, and was made possible through the Milton Stewart 88 Egypt— Luxor. Fund. O f these lay preachers, there have been five in the district, and they visited from thirty to forty villages monthly, reaching about 4,000 people. We consider this a very effective method of work. These men reach very many who are reached in no other way, but they prepare the people for the visits of the missionary. (2) Bible women. These do for the women of the district much the same as the lay preachers for the men, visiting from house to house, and holding meetings as may be convenient. O f these women, there are four in Luxor itself and four in the out- stations. (3) The direct work of the missionaries themselves. Those resident in the central station, Luxor, work in Luxor and vicinity, while those assigned to the boat give their whole time to the work of itinerating. The work on the boat consists in (a) visiting the Synod’s workers and work. In many instances this is not necessary, as many of these workers are quite able men, and carry on their work in a very efficient manner; but they appreciate a visit from a missionary, and we confer together concerning the work. Their work and ours is one. W e are all striving to bring the people to a knowledge of the truth, and to build up strong, live congregations through which the truth may be spread; so we get much mutual help from such conferences. (b) In directing and aiding the lay preachers. Here a “ wide and effectual door” is opened to us. W e receive their reports monthly, and thus are able to keep in touch with them and direct them, even if at a distance. Then as we pass up and down the river we are able to meet them twice a year at least, visit with them their places of work, and guide and encourage them in their work. (c) In visiting and preaching in villages, seldom or never visited by others. Although quite a number of evangelists are at work, yet the towns are so many, that they cannot reach nearly all of them. So the missionary on the boat goes from vil­ lage to village sowing seed in new places as well as cultivating in places previously sown, and reaping where the harvest is ripe. The results of this kind of missionary work are hard to tabu­ late. The fields are white to the harvest. W e are reaping now what others have sown, and others will reap what we are now sowing. W e do not have as hard a time getting into a village very often as we have to get out of it, for the people desire us to stay longer; but as the district is long, and the towns are many, we cannot remain long in any one place. EDUCATIONAL. The educational work of the district is carried on by two different kinds of schools: boys’ schools, which receive a grant-in- aid from the mission and the boarding and day school for girls at Luxor. 9

Egypt— Luxor. 89 Boys' Schools.— These boys’ schools are of different grades, from those which fit boys for taking the Government certificate, down to the small village schools where only the rudiments are taught; but whether higher or lower, all are positively Christian in their teaching, and are very hopeful to the more directly evangelistic work. The pupils are taught the Bible and to sing the Psalms and thus aid in the church services. Few of the older people can sing. The schoolhouse always furnishes a meeting place for the itinerating missionary when he comes along. When he can announce the date of his arrival, he is sure to find an audi­ ence expecting a message. I am only sorry that more of these schools cannot be opened. Girls3 Boarding and Day School at Luxor.—This is a very important part of the educational work. It draws not only from Luxor itself, but from all the Nile Valley from Aswan on the far south to the territory of the Pressly Memorial Institute at Assiut and even from the Delta. This school affects not only the homes and home-making of the pupils but provides teachers for girls’ schools and Bible women for the different parts of the dis­ trict, and outside of the district too, and thus is a direct aid to the work of the evangelist. These schools are a great aid indirectly as well, as wherever we find a former pupil, man or woman, we find an open door for the work. Sabbath schools in America are counted the nursery of the Church. In Egypt a great many of the organized churches had their beginning in a little school; and as we go up and down the Valley of the Nile we find that the strongest and best of our church members are those who have been at some time pupils in our schools. And so the work goes on. W e use all the means we can to reach all. W e teach, we preach to Moslem, Copt and Protestant, trying to bring all to a knowledge of the Saviour and to build them up in the faith, so that they may bring others. Often the Moslems are our most earnest and interested hearers, and some­ times they seem to comprehend such subjects as “the new birth” as well as many who are called Christians; and we believe that many more would hear and respond were it not that they fear persecution. Today an old Moslem woman was in a meeting held in a Christian house. She remembered lessons she had heard from Dr. and Mrs. Phillips and said that she believed in and loved the Saviour. Mrs. Hart said to her, “You confess this in the house of a Christian; are you willing to confess Him outside among your own people?” She looked sad, and drew her hand across her throat, indicating what would be done to her if she so confessed. There are doubtless many more like her. We hope and pray for the day to come when there will be freedom to think and act according to conscience. 90 Egypt— M onsurah. MONSURAH. Equipment— One building used for a church and boys’ school. The “Allegheny.”

The Monsurah district is situated on both sides of the Dami- etta branch of the Nile extending from Mit Ghamr to Damietla. It is in the shape of a triangle with Mit Ghamr and Zifta at the apex, and the sides extend into Baltimon, Lake Borollos, and Mataria on Lake Wenzala, respectively, the base being these lakes and the Mediterranean Sea. It includes all of Dakahlia province, of which Monsurah is the capital, and parts of Sharkia and Gharia. It contains the cities of Monsurah, Mahalla, El Kubra, Damietta and Belkas with populations from 25,000 to 50,000; Mit Ghamr, Zifta, Mataria, and Samanud with about 15,000 each; while it has a large number of towns with from eight to twelve thousand and hundreds with from two to eight thousand. The census shows 616 towns in all. The Arabic language is spoken almost exclusively by the native people who constitute all but about five or six thousand of the population, of whom over half are Greeks, who are most needy for the word of God. Ninety-eight per cent, of the people are Moslems, a little less than two per cent. Christians, and about one-seventh of one per cent. Jews. The majority of the Christians are Copts, but there are some Roman Catholics, Maronites, Greek Orthodox and Greek Catholics. Less than two hundred can be counted as evangelical Christians, and of the 30,000 other Christians, very few indeed have any real knowledge of Christ or any marks of the new birth in their lives. If you ask them whether they are Christian, they will say, “ Do you not see the cross tatooed on my wrist ?” There are at least eight towns that ought to be occupied by a strong mission staff in order adequately to meet the needs of this field, whereas there is now but one station and that insuffi­ ciently manned. Besides Monsurah, Damietta, Mataria, Belkas, Dakemis, Simbellawein, Mahalla, and Mit Ghamr or Zifta, or perhaps both, should be occupied. The Monsurah station was opened in 1865 but has been about the most poorly occupied station of our mission, never having a full fledged missionary appointed to it, but always one who was yet struggling with the Arabic. In the way of equipment, Monsurah has but one building, a church and boys’ school combined. It is a good building, erected by the lamented Dr. Finney, but it is poorly lighted, as high build­ ings around it now obstruct the air and light. The mission needs a large property suitable for boys’ and girls’ schools and resi­ dences for missionaries and lady teachers, in a good healthful loca­ tion with plenty of room for playgrounds and garden. Egypt— Monsurah. 91 EVANGELISTIC. In addition to the church and pastor at Monsurah, there are evangelists of the presbytery in Mahalla el Kubra, Simbellawein and Mit Ghamr and these visit regularly Samanud, Agar, Daka- dus and Zifta. The Milton Stewart Fund has made it possible to employ evangelists at Damietta, Shirbin, Mataria, suburbs of Monsurah and Dakernis, who visit regularly Fareskur, Menzala, Belkas, Biela and Bessandila, and the Christian Endeavor society of Monsurah with the evangelist there visits Talkha, Ezbat, Mat- ta, Nauwasa el Bah, Nauwasa el Gheit, Naburuh, Batra and Bedawai. Colporteurs of the Joint Colportage ’ Committee of Cairo visit the district occasionally but none of them live in it now. A colporteur of the Bible society lived and worked in Monsurah until June, 1917, but since the concentration of such work in Tanta, the visits have been from that point. A book shop at Monsurah supplies the needs of the schools, but has a very small sale of religious books and Scriptures. The work is in the main encouraging and the war has not affected our work much, except as it has cut down the American staff. W e trust, however, the post-bellum days may see the occu­ pation of Egypt on the basis of “ the 407,” and that the work will go on apace. There are a number of inquiries among the Moslems. Some of the Coptic priests are very friendly and we enjoy co-operating with them: others are most indifferent, and we go to their people trying to get them to crown the living Christ in their lives; others again are antagonistic and treat us worse than the Moslems do. I am glad to say that those of the latter class are becoming fewer and fewer. In Mit Ghamr the Copts have thrown out their old priest who was very antagonistic to the entrance of the truth, and have called a live young spiritually-minded man, and the Zifta people wish to .do the same. W e trust that the ejected priest may not get the hierarchy to tie the hands of the young Timothy. Our work from the “Allegheny” has certainly enjoyed God’s good hand. When Dr. Pollock went home to America and a regular doctor for the “Allegheny” was not available, it looked rather dark, for it was felt in some quarters that little could be done without a doctor. But we have tried to follow up the work of these doctors and have found that though the presence of the doctor brought more people, yet those few who do come now are most earnest in their search for truth. W e can talk with them one by one. God alone knows what the result will be. The question of fuel has been a difficult one, but our prayers have been answered in this also. Swiss, Greek and Moslem have vied with each other in helping the gospel bark to make its cruise. Last year when we knew not how we would get on, a friendly 92 Egypt— M onsurah. Swiss who had been befriended years ago by one of our mission­ aries donated us a ton of wood. Then we heard that wood was cheap in Assiut and we bought three tons there and our sister ship the “ Witness,” brought it to Cairo for us. There have been many humorous episodes. At Batra we were taken first for a German warship come to bombard Egypt, then for an English ship come to carry away men for the labor corps, and finally for a quack doctor who had taken from the people 200 pounds for operations to be performed and had never returned; but when they found we were none of these, they came willingly to be healed and to listen to gospel truth. Last year a worse report was scattered after we left Mit Ghamr, namely, that we were German spies and had wireless telegraph instruments on board with which we gave the enemy news of everything here in Egypt, and that we had been arrested and taken to prison, boat and all. This story went everywhere that we had been, and Moslems came from far to see if we were still here and rejoiced that the story was not true. A Moslem official said, “ Some one has told this to hurt your work, but I am sure it will only make your work succeed the more.” Thank God that those of the Mos­ lem faith were so rejoiced. Women’s Work— There is one Bible woman in Monsurah and two at Mit Ghamr, all doing fine work.

EDUCATIONAL. There are mission schools in Agah, Simbellawein, and Mit Ghamr in addition to those in Monsurah. MEDICAL. There is no medical work in the district at present, but Dr. A. W . Pollock accompanied the “ Allegheny” from January to March, 1916, and Dr. L. M. Henry from October to December, 1916, and two weeks in the fall of 1917. What our district needs is more men and women. More missionaries to superintend and more native workers to carry on the intensive work under their care. The native people are easily discouraged, but with sympathetic missionaries as leaders they will compel the forces of Satan and Islam to give way more speedily than the Boches in front of the Allies’ last charge. W e need a special car for work on the Delta lines of the Nile, as we have for the towns between the two branches. W e need a car on the French lines below Monsurah to work all that region. The “ Allegheny” can go only a third of the way to the lake. W e need training schools for workers and small home depart­ ments for workers’ children and other poor pupils in our schools in Monsurah. W e need at least ten married men and their wives and ten single men. The harvest is ripe, the laborers are few, but pray ye the Lord of the harvest that He send forth laborers Egypt— Tanta. 93 into His harvest. “ The Egyptians shall know the Lord. Blessed be Egypt, my people.” Is this not to be fulfilled soon ?

TANTA.

Equipment— Hospital buildings, site for girls’ school. Buildings in two villages used for school an d church services. The Delta Car. Our Tanta distiict does not exactly coincide with the politi­ cal division, but roughly it would correspond with the lines of the Gharbia province. Geographically, Tanta district includes the central and northern part of the territory lying between the two branches of the Nile. In size, this district includes nearly one sixth of the area of Egypt or about 2300 square miles. The population is about a million and a half, one person to the acre, or 640 to the square mile,— not the densest part of the country, but several times as dense as Ohio. Our Tanta district would cover the space of about four Ohio counties, while the population would be that of perhaps thirty counties. Missionary work in Tanta was begun about twenty years ago and has experienced during this time frequent changes in staff and at times retrenchment, but there has been growth in influence and in results. The staff of our mission is the lowest in number it has been for many years and now includes only Rev. and Mrs. R. W. Cald­ well, and the Misses Minnehaha Finney and C. E. McMillan and Miss May Holland, who is in Palestine at present engaged in re­ lief work. The reduced force in this, as well as in many other stations, is partly due to the war. At the present moment we have equipment which we are not able to use, which is an un­ usual condition on a mission field. Our property in Tanta con­ sists of hospital, land, and buildings well situated and ready for use. This property covering five acres, and a new site of seven acres recently secured for the girls’ boarding school, are the prop­ erty of the Women’s Board. The mission also owns property in two villages which is used for school or meeting purposes.

EVANGELISTIC. During the past three years this part of our work has seen considerable extension, especially in the increase of our force of Egyptian helpers. The Milton Stewart Fund has made possible the employment of five or six additional workers, and by assign­ ing them "to the chief centers and their surrounding villages, we have reached large sections of the district that had scarcely been touched before. A few years ago Mr. Coventry prepared a plan for the occupation of this district and marked fifteen circles, each with a three-mile radius and a good sized town at the center, so 94 Egypt— Tanta. that the most important places were included. During the past two years we have had this plan before us and we have worked in all but two of these circles for at least a few months. This has been possible because of the new workers referred to. In some of these centers regular meeting’s have been carried on with more or less success. One man reported a total weekly average attend­ ance of two hundred. Another reported an average of twelve to fifteen villages visited per month. In each place there is gen­ erally found a small number of Coptic Christians, who are always first to be visited, though the population is overwhelmingly Mos­ lem and the Moslems are often more easily influenced. No doubt the war has had an influence on our work in every way, and yet the work has gone on regularly. The Delta Car has been operating on the railway lines of this district for the past three years. The car is a monument to the genius of Mr. Coventry who designed it, had it constructed and was instrumental in getting a good contract with the Delta Light Railroad Company for its operation on their lines. The railway is narrow gauge and has eighty stations in this district where there are sidings which may be used. No restrictions are made as to the length of time we may stop at any station nor as to how often we may move. Charges are made per kilometer and have not proved to be excessive, and so we now have a modern and comfortable means of reaching the villages. The car con­ tains a very small kitchen, dining room and two small bed rooms. During the past three years we have had soldiers in Tanta and thus an opportunity for Y. M. C. A. work, which was car­ ried on successfully by Rev. and Mrs. J. H. Boyd and later by Miss Minnehaha Finney. The Arabic Young Men’s Club rooms furnished a suitable place for this work and many a soldier has been ministered to here. Women’s Work— In regard to the work among women Miss Finney writes:— "There are 500,000 women in the Tanta district. Last year 520, of whom 135 were Moslems, had the gospel regularly pre­ sented to them. Any person good at figures can estimate the pro­ portion not reached. The instruction has been based on a course of study in the life of Christ. The Bible women have taken great interest in the presenting of these lessons, making an effort to present them in the most attractive and effective way. It has been interesting to note the effect on the Bible women of the little instruction that I have been able to give them in methods of presenting these precious lessons in the life of our Saviour. This has been the keynote of encouragement during the past year. Heretofore the teaching in the homes of the women has too often been done in a haphazard way and seemed pitiably ineffective, and even now we have made a mere beginning at the task of giv­ ing our Bible women this special instruction in Bible study and Egypt— Tanta. 95 in methods of teaching the simple truths of the Bible. I have estimated that these ten Bible women made at least ten thousand visits during the past year. I have been much impressed with the wonderful opportunity. Our aim is that the workers may be properly equipped so as to make every visit fruitful. Another thing which gives encouragement is the fact that several of the Bible women have found that they may have easy entrance to the homes of Moslem women. One woman now visits only in Mos­ lem homes.”

EDUCATIONAL. Village Schools— The past few years have seen a gradual decrease in the number of mission schools and in the place which they have held in the community. This falling behind has been due to the increased cost of operating and to the increased num­ ber and efficiency of other schools. Often it is now true that where there are other schools in the town the mission school is the smallest, and sometimes the weakest. As there has been no increase in our budget for education, it has become increasingly difficult to make ends meet. It may well be that most of these schools have served their purpose in furnishing an opening wedge into these towns and that now some change of policy may be called for. A forward step has recently been taken in the Delta schools by placing all of them under the charge of Rev. A. A. Thompson, the general superintendent of schools. This has brought about uniformity in the grading of the schools and has tended to econ­ omy and efficiency. Three of the schools in this district are now on a subsidy basis. Girls’ School— The thing of outstanding importance in the years 1916-1918 is the securing of a new site for the school. This new site contains almost seven acres and is located directly op­ posite the hospital property, across a street known as Kitchener Boulevard. Our hearts are filled with gratitude to God for this evidence of His favor. Our attendance far exceeds the proper capacity of our pres­ ent building. To accommodate all we have had to use the land­ ing at the foot of the stairs at the street entrance as a classroom for beginners; and the playground in good weather and an in- side cloakroom in bad weatheV, as an overflow classroom. Receipts have been good despite the hard times. The tuitions the past year amounted to $175 more than the cost of instruction. During the three years six girls have united with the church and twenty-three have graduated from the school. Our two greatest problems have been the securing of cap­ able, Christian teachers, and the limitations of our present build­ ing. Now that the war is over we hope that it will soon be pos­ sible to begin the erection of the new building. The day in which 96 Egypt— Zagazig. the work of erection is begun will be a red letter day in the school calendar.

MEDICAL. The Tanta Hospital, which was being remodelled and en­ larged at the opening of the war, was finally completed some­ what over a year ago and is now ready for fixtures and staff. It is the absence of staff that is most to be regretted at present. W e have the unusual condition of having fine buildings suitable for the best kind of mission work, but alas, with no one to operate the institution. Dr. A. F. Grant continued to conduct the clinic until the time of his leaving for America, when Dr. F. C. McClanahan took charge and continued until his removal to Assiut to help carry on the established work in the hospital there. Since that time we have no medical work here to report. It is a most distressing situation we are in and the inquiries of patients nearly every day for the doctor remind us of the possibilities and need for medical work. The splendid opportunity for medical missions in Egypt was strongly brought out at the Mena House Conference last April. The treatment of hookworm patients was presented as affording' the simplest and most effective form of missionary work. Our mission has no doctors available at present for the opening of the work at Tanta. W e might express this as our most crying need at this time. ZAGAZIG.

Equipment—A building in which are the residences of the mission­ aries, the book depot, Girls’ Central School, and residences for some of its teachers, the Boys’ Central School and the church. The boundaries of the Zagazig district in general follow those of the Sharkia province, of which Zagazig is the capital, except that the territory around Bilbeis is considered the field of the Egypt General Mission, and the city of Port Said is con­ sidered a part of our district. The station was opened in 1894 with Rev. J. Kruidenier as missionary.

EVANGELISTIC. Prior to 1917 the evangelistic work of the mission was car­ ried on by the pastor of the church in Zagazig, the missionary in charge, the school teachers out of school hours, and by the theological students during their summer vacations, but now two centers have been established with a regular worker in each and two new Bible women have been employed, these four workers being supported by the Milton Stewart Fund, and giving their S o m e M e a n s of It in e r a t in g in E gypt i. The Delta Car. The Rev. Dalton Galloway and his Motorcycle Egypt— Zagasig. 97 full time to the work of evangelizing the thousands and hundreds of thousands of our district. The Synod of the Nile has also appointed one of its licentiates to the district of Mit Yaish, which is a large field. Our work still seems not to be a problem of reaping the har­ vest, but of rooting out thorns and briers and preparing the soil so that the seed can be planted. In this district Copts from time to time turn Moslem, as they have done all through the cen­ turies past. An old man whom we found, the only Copt in his village, may be taken as a typical example of many of these nominal Christians. The rudely drawn cross on his door re­ vealed the home of a Christian, but in answer to our questions he could tell us nothing of the meaning of the cross. A mile away were a Coptic church and a Coptic priest, but he had not taken the trouble to go there. Some of his relatives had turned Moslem. In a nearby village a government official of some rank had once been a Copt, but turned Moslem, and when we talked to him of the real Christ, appeared most fanatical. But we take courage from the attitude and interest of the many who hear the gospel. They are timid about attending meet­ ings, but by the roadside, in their homes and at places where prayer is wont to be made, one can easily gather a group willing to hear the gospel. I well remember the look of surprise that covered a Sheikh’s face as he read for the first time the Sermon on the Mount. As he read the teachings about lust and hatred he gained an entirely new conception of sin. For the last eighteen years the work in Zagazig has been under the guidance and special care of Rev. and Mrs. S. G. Hart. As one travels throughout this wide district, he realizes more and more the wonderful influence of long-continued mission careers in a single district. A man on the train wants to know what kind of a missionary you are, when you tell him your business, and by way of introduction he usually says: “ Do you belong to Mr. Hart ?” He knows nothing about Christian sects, about United Presbyterianism, non-conformity or episcopacy or even Protes­ tantism. All he knows of true Chrisitan principles is what he has observed in a living type. Almost ever since the beginning of the war there have been Bjritish soldiers in Zagazig and we have held an English service for them every Sabbath evening which has been much appreci­ ated. The work for women is largely confined to Zagazig, as it has been difficult to make living arrangements for the women workers in the villages. One of the young women, however, has started work in her own village this year. Miss Baird tells the following incident of the work in Zagazig: “The door of a mud hut was open. A mother and grand­ mother were bending over the body of the only child, a six-year- 98 Egypt— Zagazig.

old daughter, who lay on a bit of mat, just as she was when her spirit departed a few hours before. All was silent. There were no mourners. The mother’s grief was too deep for tears. In the grandmother’s lap was a piece of muslin, a very rusty and broken pair of scissors and a spool of thread. I had gone that morning with the Bible teacher praying to be guided to new Mos­ lem houses. Startled by this sight, we entered. Our sisters in sorrow were much more startled at seeing us enter, and could not understand why we strangers and Christians should be con­ cerned about their trouble. When they saw that it was love that had drawn us in, the grandmother said, ‘W e don’t know how to cut the grave robe. Will you do it?’ I had never seen one, and the Bible teacher being a young girl had never made one, but with the aid of her description I cut out the simple garment. The Bible teacher, though she had never done such a thing, volun­ teered to wash the body while I sewed. This was most surpris­ ing to them, as a young girl is not supposed to attend a mourn­ ing, much less to prepare the body for burial. When the father came along with the rough box, he begged us to take at least 25 cents, thinking we had rendered our service for money. His gratitude was pathetic when we told him we had done only what sisters would do. The door of the hut is still open and on the mat sits a thirsty soul learning from the Bible teacher.” Many such homes have been entered, but what of those thou­ sands yet unentered. The cry of many villages of our district is, “ Come over and help us.” Our answer to all save three is, ‘■'No one to send.” At present we have funds for six Bible teach­ ers ; we need three times six.

EDUCATIONAL. Boys’ Central School— The Boys’ Central School in Zagazig has reason to be proud of its record in the mission’s primary ex­ aminations during the past three years. Last year the school was not only again the banner school, but it surpassed its own former record. Every student passed in every subject. In spite of the competition of a strong Coptic school nearby, the enrol­ ment has averaged about two hundred and forty pupils each year. O f these about one half are Moslems, one third Copts, and the rest Protestants, Jews, and others. The xnierest in the Bible classes has been quickened by the outlining of a program of les­ sons and by supervision of the religious teaching. In order to stimulate the social, moral and religious life of the students, lit­ erary contests have been held, special attention has been given to the students’ play, and special evangelistic meetings have been arranged. The teachers who have come from Assiut College have aided greatly with their spirit and enthusiasm. District Schools— The district schools at Mit Paish, Miniet el Kumh and Hehia have had their difficulties through indiffer­ Egypt—Distribution of Literature. 99 ence and opposition, through lack at times of teachers with the evangelistic spirit, and through complaints arising from the high cost of living, yet the general trend has been one of progress and development. Girls’ Central School— In the Girls’ Central School, of Zag- azig, improvement has been noted in many ways. As to the char­ acter of the pupils we must remember that it is not developed in a day. One of the native teachers who has been long with the school remarked, “ The girls are like angels now to what they formerly were.” However, there is evidence that they are still perfectly human. While few have publicly confessed Christ as their Saviour, prejudices have gradually weakened, and we have reason to believe that many are followers of Christ. Mohamme­ dans and Copts alike seem much interested in their Bible classes and often the Mohammedan girls rank highest. The girls readily take part in the Christian Endeavor meetings and they also have a missionary society which meets once a month, at which the lands of India, Japan and South America have been studied. W e are always thankful when the Mohammedan girls are permitted to remain in school until they finish the course. Two of them com­ pleted the course last year, one of whom is now numbered, among our teachers. No teacher is more faithful in her work or more interested in the welfare of the girls than she. While she has not openly made a profession, we believe that in her heart she is a Christian. Another of our teachers, a Protestant, was educated in our school. One of our primary teachers had the privilege of going to Alexandria for a few weeks last spring to “ observe” in the kindergarten department of the Central School there. It wrought quite a change in her methods of teaching. Kafr el Hukama is a primary school which was started by Mrs. Hart about twelve years ago for the benefit of children who lived at a distance from the Central School or who were unable to pay the fees there. W e hope to make it an ideal primary school soon, and only wish we had two other such schools in other quar­ ters of the city. The enrolment of Kafr el Hukama is seventy- five. The children receive Bible instruction every day. The school also serves as a place for women’s meetings in that dis­ trict. The Sabbath school here is quite interesting, one of the features being a class made up of street children who do not at­ tend the day school.

DISTRIBUTION OF LITERATURE. The prevailing tone of the past three years’ work in the book department is quiet success. Freight rates have compelled us to order fewer lines from outside and to have those we did order sent by mail. W e have lost a shipment or two totaling some $250, but in the main we have been remarkably fortunate in receiving 100 Egypt—Distribution of Literature. our orders. W e hope that now the seas will soon be cleared up and things come through as promptly and safely as they did be­ fore the war. W e are also rejoicing in establishing communica­ tions with the American Press, Beirut, Syria, and are beginning to replenish our exhausted stock of their excellent publications. W e have been fortunate also in much of our buying, having secured good stock in many lines before the prices went up so greatly. In fact, the stock in general is in far better condition now than at any previous time since the present management took it over six years ago. Our Egyptian stock keeper, who thought for a time we had a touch of madness in our heavy buying, now goes about with anxious face fearing he may not have enough of certain lines to last us through. The outstanding feature of the recent work of the depart­ ment has been the distribution of the new version of the Arabic Psalter. This was put out in three styles— in editions of 2500, 20,000 and 15,000, respectively. The third style has been held back for a time, as it is a book of selections, and it was desired that the entire book might first be brought into use in the Church. O f the first edition, about 1500 have been sent out; of the second, about 14,000, and of the third, some 3000. Thus more copies have been distributed than will supply every member of our Egyp­ tian Evangelical Church with a book. Just recently an order came for Psalters for the Copts in Khartum. We have supplied other orders also for outside organizations. So the book is making its way into other communities than our own. W e send it out with the prayer that God may use it mightily in the advance of His Kingdom throughout the Nile Valley. The new version is simple, but good. The average man reads it with understanding, and the more educated cannot despise its literary style. The peo pie like the tunes, and altogether the book is laying hold of the Church in a most gratifying way. We have reason to “thank God and take courage.” In July, 1917, the British and Foreign Bible Society, having previously arranged the matter with us, withdrew from their direct co-operation with us through our shops, and established a central base for colporteurs’ residence and depot at Tanta. This makes for much closer supervision of their men and consequent­ ly for more efficient work. It threw an increased financial bur­ den on our book department, however, as the Bible Society had been bearing a share of the expense for those shops to which their colporteurs reported. This necessitated closing our Tanta shop as a mission establishment. The shopman keeps it on his own ac­ count and supplies our schools and churches as before, and the British and Foreign Bible Society distributes the Scriptures, so we feel there has been no real loss to the work in that section. In the other districts concerned, new arrangements were made without closing down the shops and these are working now even Egypt—Distribution of Literature. - 101 more efficiently than before. Our cordial relations with the Brit­ ish and Foreign Bible Society still continue even though there is no longer any financial co-operation. The work done by the Society is of great value in the field, and, in fact, we have been dependent on them for most of our Scripture stock since the war, as the American Bible Society has been unable to secure stock from Beirut or Constantinople. The American Bible Society continues its good work in spite of all difficulties. High cost of living has caused a few colpor­ teurs to leave the service and seek more remunerative employ­ ment, but in the main our men have bravely gone on with their work. They have been true messengers of the Lord, preaching in season and out of season— if by any means men might be saved. The record of distribution for the American Bible Socie­ ty for the past three years is as follows: 1916 1917 1918

Bibles ...... , 5,257 4,650 4,134 New Testaments , , . 6,865 7,767 5,069 Portions ...... 18,630 14,730 21,536

Totals ...... 30,749 27,147 30,739

Value ...... $3375.60 $3453.10 $3514.95 Dr. Bowen, the Levant representative of the Society, was called to the heavenly service during this period. For some time no one was appointed to his work and the Egypt agency stood on its own feet. Late in 1918 word came that the Levant work had been divided into a Turkish-speaking and an Arabic-speak­ ing agency. The Rev. F. E. Hoskins, D.D., of Beirut. Syria, is acting as head of the latter agency for the time being. With his knowledge of Arabic and his acquaintance with the peoples of this section, the work should be very successful under his ad­ ministration. We still continue the joint colportage scheme, though for a time it threatened to collapse. The co-operating societies are the Church Missionary Society, the Egypt General Mission, the Nile Mission Press, and our own American Mission. The W orld’s Sunday School Association is also supporting one of the four­ teen men in the field. The greatest financial need of the book de­ partment of our mission is for special regular supporters who will contribute the salaries and expenses of these colpofteurs. These men are really traveling evangelists and are carefully chosen. Any one who can put $200 a year into our hands for the sup­ port of one of these men will be making possible an extension of one of the most potent factors in the evangelization of Egypt. Some extracts from monthly reports of the colporteurs are ap­ pended. 102 Egypt-—Distribution of Literature. 1. “ During this month I have been to several villages I had not previously visited because they were so far away. What con­ cerns me even more than the mere sale of books is to talk to men about the gospel of Christ. I am always preaching in little coun­ try places and I would like you to think of me more as a lay preacher than a salesman.” This man is a Mohammedan convert of some thirty-five years standing. 2. “ In talking with three Copts and two Mohammedans, I asked the Copts whether they had given themselves to Christ as the only Saviour, and when they said they had, I asked whether they systematically read the Bible. They replied that they read it very seldom, so I pointed out that as we eat to strengthen the body, so we need God’s word to strengthen the soul.” He goes on to say that he reads and prays with every man who takes him into his house for the night. The report mentions no less than fifty small towns and villages he had visited in one month, in many cases on foot. 3. One colporteur found the printed report space insuffi­ cient, but pasted on a slip, making a report some six times the usual size, telling of his evangelistic opportunities. He reported having spoken during that month at fifteen meetings and having had twenty-three personal religious conversations. Such a re­ port from some would be suspicious, but this man is known for his zeal and religious earnestness. He is a thoroughly good col­ porteur and evangelistic worker. 4. “ Last Wednesday I visited T and found a funeral there. One hundred and twenty people had come to condole with the mourners, and two Coptic priests had come to conduct the services. They asked me if I would say a word, because they saw me carrying religious books. So I opened my Bible at John II, and preached for an hour and a half on the resurrection. As soon as I had finished, the priests asked me to write down the chief points of my talk and I did so. They then asked me to visit their villages and preach in their churches some day.” The superintendent says this young man, who does not sell much, does preach and preach till he is too tired to keep on. These men bear a tremendous burden, both literally and fig­ uratively, and for the most part bear it joyfully. They need your help. Statistics are cold things and usually uninteresting, but for additional information, we would say that during these three years the six local bookshops which we at present maintain dis­ tributed as follows: Egypt— The Egyptian Church. 103 1916 1917 1918

Religious Books . . . 5,706 6,389 3,985 Educational Books . 22,071 22,324 15,463

Total Volumes .. 27,777 28,713 19,448

Value of B ooks.. $5,423.67 $5,693.46 $5,491.50 Stationery Value $3,067.48 $6,961.00 $4,659.10

Total Value.. $8,491.15 $12,654.46 $10,150.60

Expense ...... $2,462.84 $2,268.44^4 $1,665.70 The other expenses of the six shops during the same period, not including the cost of books and supplies sold, are $1988.30. In addition to these six shops we have the maintenance of the general store from which stock is supplied to the local shops. It should be noted also that the figures for the new Arabic Psal­ ter are in addition to those of the shops, as that distribution was handled separately. Besides the special need for funds to support colporteurs, there is always need for funds for publication work. Good liter­ ature in Arabic, other than directly religious, is very scarce. With the closing of the war we hope prices of paper and supplies may decrease so as to make it possible to produce literature at a rea­ sonable cost, and we have very limited funds at our disposal for this purpose. The book department receives no funds from the mission budget, and is dependent for its work on whatever special contributions may be received. The opportunity is present. The need is great. What will you do? THE EGYPTIAN CHURCH. The pride and the hope of our mission in Egypt is the Evan­ gelical Church. Its roots go back to the Egyptian Church of the early centuries, the Church of Origen and Athanasius, back to the race of the Pharaohs; and it is reaching out its branches to the proud sons of Ishmael, the many millions now claimed by the Arabian prophet. One must feel no small measure of admiration for those pioneer missionaries who toiled on cheerfully and hopefully for five years before seeing their first converts. And even then these numbered but four. Yet the workers showed their faith by or­ ganizing the Presbytery of Egypt a few months later. And ten years had not elapsed from the time of their arrival in 1854 till a theological seminary was under way, preparing a body of trained native workers, when the Church had as yet but one organized congregation and a few score members. The foundations were being laid broad and deep. 104 Egypt— The Egyptian Church. The end of fifteen years found but three organized congre­ gations, one hundred and eighty members, one ordained native minister and no pastorate yet formed. But the infant Church had weathered a fiery persecution from without and a threatened divi­ sion within and displayed an eager zeal in winning others to the truth. Conditions were now ripe for the expansion which rapidly followed. When twice fifteen years more have passed, we find no less than half a hundred organized churches and thirty-one ordained ministers. And the Presbytery of Egypt at its meeting in Febru­ ary, 1899, resolved in order to prosecute its work more effective­ ly to divide into four presbyteries (a fifth was added when the work extended to the Sudan), and organize these into a synod called The Synod of the Nile. The Egyptian Church had “ found herself.” The twenty years that followed, bringing us to the present time, have been years of continued enlargement. The organized churches now number nearly a hundred with twice as many other stations where work is carried o n ; there are four score of or­ dained ministers with half as many more licentiates and theologi­ cal students; the membership has reached a total of 14,091; and the contributions for church purposes amounted last year to $58,- 666; forty churches are wholly self-supporting, and most of the others nearly so. Wherever a church is found, there is also a Sabbath school, and usually a day school supported by the con­ gregation. The Church is self-governing, both in its local and its larger work, the missionaries seldom exercising more than an advisory influence. In comparison with the rest of the population, the member­ ship of the Church shows a high average of intelligence, of moral uprightness and material prosperity. The evangelical community has produced characters, both men and women, worthy to rank with the best in any land or age. Her leaders in the ministry are educated, devoted and self-sacrificing. Through all the years no small amount of missionary zeal has continued to move the Church in behalf of the unsaved. And from time to time we have seen flames of revival break forth that were evidence of the favor of the Lord and His purpose to fulfill His word, “ Blessed be Egypt, my people.” The past three years have witnessed two most significant de­ velopments. The first is a vigorous Laymen’s Movement, which has already accomplished great things in quickening the sense of Christian stewardship and the other obligations, and brought the Church within sight of the goal of complete self-support. And the second has been the taking of steps on the part of the Church, with the hearty encouragement of the Mission, to found and con­ duct her own Theological Seminary on a scale worthy of the great field about her and the great future to which she looks forward. M i k h a i l M a n s u r Egypt— Mikhail Mansur. 105 There are not lacking elements in the life of the Church that at times arouse grave apprehension. But on the other hand, he would be blind indeed who could not see much to inspire the highest hopes that the Church in Egypt will yet realize the ideals of her Master and accomplish the work for which He brought her into being. MIKHAIL MANSUR. In the death of Mikhail Mansur, Egypt’s most prominent convert from Islam and most able worker among Moslems, on May 29, 1918, the mission and church in that land suffered a great loss. On graduation from El-Azhar, the famous Mohammedan University in Cairo, about a quarter of a century before, he had never yet seen a copy of the Bible. One fell into his hands short­ ly afterward and be became a diligent student of it in secret, say­ ing afterwards that its words burned like a fire in his soul, an effect the Koran had never had though he knew it by heart. He met frequently with the Protestant preacher in his native town, to which he had returned. And in course of time the revolution took place which changed the proud Moslem Sheikh into a fol­ lower of the lowly Nazarene. He was timid in those days and feared baptism in his own town. There being some delay or misunderstanding in arrang­ ing the matter, he went to a Roman Catholic church in another town and was there baptized. For some two years he remained with the Catholics as a teacher in their schools, during which time they took him to Rome and introduced him to the Pope as a trophy from Islam. But this journey with some incidents that followed served to open his eyes to the errors of Rome, and he soon afterward returned to the Protestant Church, of which he remained a loyal member as long as he lived. P'or some time he served as a teacher in the mission schools and to young missionaries. But before long there came to him and to others the strong conviction of a call for him to preach the gospel to his Moslem brethren. There was some fear at first lest his knowledge of the Bible and grasp of Christian truth prove insufficient for such work. But the fears proved ungrounded. A meeting was opened in one of the school rooms in Cairo. Only a dozen or two attended at first and most of them Christians. After some time he began to give opportunity for questions, which rapidly increased the size of the audience till the time came when no building was sufficient to hold the crowds, almost wholly com­ posed of Moslems, many of them students from the Azhar. They always heard first a clear, strong gospel message based on some text of Scripture. Then would follow a discussion of some theme related to Islam or an opportunity for questions. He proved a master controversialist, seldom failing to meet any emer­ 106 Egypt—Mikhail Mansur. gency successfully. And, while he spoke with utmost plainness, he was so unfailingly fair and frank and friendly that even though he did not succeed in convincing his opponent, he always won his good will. How many were definitely won to the truth it would not be easy to say,— his own brother was one— but the minds of very many were opened and the widest hearing gained for the gospel message. For eighteen years these meetings continued twice each week, fluctuating in attendance from a few score to many hundreds, while the preacher was often called to other parts of the country to give his message. In view of the fact that he was an apostate from their faith, it was remarkable the respect the Moslems showed him. The timidity of the early days completely left him, and he mingled among them with the greatest freedom, even in the sacred pre­ cincts of the Azhar. His perfect use of the Arabic tongue and his mastery of all the literature of Islam as well as his knowl­ edge of the Scriptures compelled their admiration. Some series of addresses he gave in the later years on “ The Integrity of the Scriptures,” “ The Marks of a True Prophet” and “ Incidental Evidences of the Deity of Christ from the Scriptures,” will never be forgotten by those who heard them. He was a man of striking presence, being of large frame, with a fine shapely head and open face. His figure would have commanded attention anywhere. He had a quick sense of humor, a rare friendliness of manner and an unvarying courtesy to all with whom he came in contact. He loved books and was seldom seen without one under his arm. But he loved men more and counted his friends among all classes. And he knew well how to turn every opportunity to account in witness for Christ. When one by his death bed told him he was praying for his recovery, he said, “ Pray that God will do His will in Mikhail.” Why it was God’s will to call him away at scarcely more than middle life, we do not know. But we do not believe that His plans have miscarried. W e thank God for this princely soul that has passed on into the King’s Country. Egypt— Summary of Statistics. 10 7

SUMMARY OF STATISTICS. EGYPT. I. W O R K E R S (on the field). 1916 1917 1918 FOREIGN: Number of Ordained Missionaries...... 22 22 18 Number of Married W om en ...... 29 29 27 Number of Unmarried Women ...... 27 26 25 Number of Missionary College Professors...... 4 4 3 Number of Missionary Laymen (Business Agents) ...... '...... 2 2 2 Number of Medical Missionaries (m e n )..___ 3 3 2 Number of Missionary Nurses ...... 4 4 1 Number of Missionary Instructors (short term) 27 22 13 Number of Matrons ...... 2 3 3 Number of Assistant Missionary Physicians... I 1 1 Number of Asst. Missionary Physicians’ Wives I 1 1 Number of Assistant Missionary Nurses ...... 8 8 4 Number of Assistant Evangelists ...... 1 1 1 EGYPTIAN: Number of Ordained Ministers ...... 67 73 73 Number of Licentiates ...... 25 21 29 Number of Theologues ...... 22 17 18 Number of other Presbyterial Workers...... 7 8 * Number of Special Workers and Evangelists.. 13 31 * Number of Harem Workers ...... 77 63 57 Number of Shopmen ...... 10 10 7 Number of School Teachers ...... 562 601 585 II. W O R K . ling Sudan) : Number of Synods ...... 1 1 1 Number of Presbyteries ...... 5 5 5 Number of Ministers in Synod: Egyptian Pastors in Egypt ...... 50 52 49 Egyptians, without charge ...... 17 21 24 Americans, without charge In Egypt ...... 24 25 18 In The Sudan ...... 4 6 * Number of Licentiates ...... 25 21 29 Number of Theologues under care of Presby teries ...... 22 17 18 Number of Lay Preachers under Presbyteries. 7 8 * Number of Special Evangelists under Mission 13 31 * Number of Ministers installed during year... 2 6 0 Number of Ministers ordained during year... 0 6 2 Number of Students received during the year * under Presbyteries ...... 13 3 Number of Congregations organized during the year ...... 2 I 0 Number of Lay Preachers studying in Seminary * 13 21 108 Egypt— Summary of Statistics.

2. CONGREGATIONAL. 1916 1917 1918 Number of Stations and Congregations ...... 292 291 301 Number of Organized Congregations ...... 88 89 89 Number of other places where services are held, Sabbath Schools, schools, etc...... 204 202 * Number o f Evangelistic Circuits...... 110 n o * Number of pastoral charges ...... 80 82 53 Number of Congregations and Stations in pas­ toral charges ...... 90 89 * Number of Congregations served by supplies, licentiates, theologues, teachers and others 202 202 * Membership, Dec. 31st: Men ...... 6,747 6,986 7,061

Total ...... 13.368 13,835 14,091

Increase by Profession ...... 883 846 701 Increase by Certificate ...... 222 235 146 Decrease by Removal ...... 567 425 308 Decrease by Death ...... 204 189 283 Net Increase ...... 334 467 256 Number of attendance, Sabbath morning, aver­ age ...... 24,548 26,330 22,586 Number of Protestant Community (estimated).35,000 35,000 35,000 Number of Adult Baptisms ...... 2 5 4 Number of Infant Baptisms ...... 887 956 720 Number of Places having Buildings ...... 100 103 127 Number of self-supporting Churches and Con­ gregations ...... 33 40 * Contributions of Congregations for all religious ' purposes ...... $48,474 $54,647 $58,666

. SABBATH SCHOOL. Number of Sabbath Schools ...... 196 205 210 Number of pupils in Sabbath Schools : Men ...... 4,561 4,893 4,292 Women ...... 3,450 3,742 3,342 Boys ...... 5,188 5,198 4,474 Girls ...... 3,533 4,oi9 3,754 Total ...... 16,732 17,852 15,862

Number of Officers and Teachers in Sabbath Schools: Men ...... 441 471 461 Women ...... 234 247 237

Total ...... 675 718 698 Cost of leaflet paid from Sabbath School con­ tributions ...... $1,052 $1,105 $800 Contributions of Sabbath Schools (included in Church contributions) ...... $3,286 $4,180 $4,307 Number of Sabbath School Lesson leaflets dis­ tributed weekly ...... 12,200 12,300 12,000 Number of copies of Sabbath School Paper, “Negm el Meshrak” distributed weekly 1,200 1,100 1,100 Number of copies of Church Paper, “El-Huda” distributed w eekly...... 1,100 1,000 1,100 Egypt— Summary of Statistics. 109

4. WORK FOR WOMEN. 1916 19x7 1918 Number of places where women attend the regular services ...... 252 256 234 Number of women and girls attending Sab­ bath services ...... 10,457 10,867 10,074 Number of women and girl communicants 6,621 6,849 7.030 Number of Special Workers in Homes ...... 77 63 57 Number of women receiving instruction in their homes ...... 4,921 5,312 4,915 Reading, Beginners ...... 491 332 * Advanced ...... 873 769 * Regular Hearers ...... 3,557 4,211 * Religion of pupils in Homes : Protestants ...... 824 576 437 Copts ...... 3,285 3,697 3,314 Mohammedans ...... 638 833 942 Jewesses and others ...... 174 206 222 Attendants at special prayer meetings for women and girls ...... 7,563 2,215 5,669 Number of schools for girls and young women 42 48 48 Number of girls attending girls’ schools...... 5,455 6,331 6,357 Number of women and girls under influence of gospel, about ...... 15,500 15,500 15,500 Number of Women's Presbyterial Societies.... 4 8 * Number of Women’s Missionary Societies and Girls’ Missionary Societies ...... 43 44 47 Number of members of Missionary Societies.. 2,216 2,940 2,925 Contributions, Women’s and JuniorMissionary (inchided in church and congre­ gational contributions) ...... $980 $1,357 $1,273 Thank offering of Women’s Societies...... $1,148 $1,501 $1,761

5. SCHOOLS. Number of Schools : Girls’ ...... 42 48 48 Boys’ ...... 150 153 138 Number of Teachers : Women ...... 186 209 219 Men ...... 376 392 366 Number of Pupils: Girls ...... 5,455 6,331 6,357 Boys ...... 10,573 10,608 9,244 Number of Special Schools ...... 8 8 8 Number of Boarders and Day Scholars in Spe­ cial Schools: Theological Seminary, Cairo ...... 38 33 32 Assiut College ...... 736 684 714 Pressly Memorial Institute ...... 360 373 397 Cairo Girls’ College ...... 396 415 374 Girls’ Boarding School. Ezbakiyah ...... 290 315 330 Fowler Orphanage for Girls ...... 106 94 128 Girls’ Day and Boarding School, Tanta 232 281 282 Girls’ Day and Boarding School, Lu x o r 204 188 207 Number of Central Station Schools (including special schools: Boys’ ...... 9 9 9 Girls’ ...... 21 20 20 110 Egypt—Summary of Statistics.

1916 1917 1918 Number of Preparatory & Elementary Schools: Boys’ ...... 141 144 129 Girls’ ...... 21 28 28 Number of pupils attending Preparatory and Elementary Schools: Boys ...... 8,191 8,312 7,078 Girls ...... 1,352 2,079 1 >844 Religion of Pupils: Protestants—Boys ...... 2,821 2,634 2,547 Girls ...... 1,229 1,302 1,263 Copts— Boys ...... 5,789 6,018 4,969 Girls ...... 2,980 3,678 3,877 Moslems— Boys ...... 1,477 1,431 1,171 Girls ...... 620 672 606 Others— Boys ...... 486 525 557 Girls ...... 626 679 611 Nationality of Pupils: Egyptians ...... 15,131 15,874 14,611 Others ...... 897 1,065 990 School Finances: Paid by people of Egypt— Tuition fees ...... $107,560 $82,015 $90,109 Boarding fees ...... 36,374 45,107 Subsidy towards self-support ...... 5,517 15,738 9,759

$113,077 $134,127 $144,975 6. BOOK DEPARTMENT. Scriptures Distributed: By British and Foreign Bible Society * * * By American Bible Society...... 30,749 27,147 30,739 General Distribution: Religious books ...... 40,131 17,489 3,985 Educational, etc., books ...... 26,229 25,324 15,463 Receipts: Scriptures Distributed— British and Foreign Bible Society...... $3,296** * * American Bible Society ...... $662 * $3,515 General Distribution— Religious Books ...... $3,500 $4,978 $1,850 Educational, etc., books ...... $4,249 $6,005 $3,641 Stationery ...... $2,268 $9,961 $4,659 7. MEDICAL WORK. Number of Physicians (men) ...... 5** 3 ^ Number of Assistant Physicians (m en) 2 1 1 Number o f Nurses (missionary) ...... 4 4 1 Number of Foreign Assistant Nurses (Ameri­ can and European) ...... 8 8 4 Number of Egyptian Assistant Nurses 9 9 9 Number of House Visits ...... 4,605 7,020 5,881 Number o f Village V isits...... 231 286 114 Number of Villages Visited ...... 139 159 45 Number of Hospitals ...... 3 3 2 Number o f Clinic Cases treated ...... 51,776 5 I,5*6 32,982 Number of Operations performed ...... 1,272 1,655 1,046 Number of Patients in Hospitals ...... 2,556 3,584 2,763 Receipts, Physicians’ and Hospital fees ____ $23,708 $20,000 $31,264 Egypt— Summary of Statistics. Ill

III. FINANCIAL SUMMARY. 1916 1917 1918 Received from native sources in the work of the various departments of evangelistic effort as carried on by the American Mission and the Native Protestant Church in Egypt: Evangelistic, Congregations, Sabbath School, Harem, etc...... $48,474 $54,647 $58,666 Educational, including colleges and all schools ...... 113,077 134,127 144,975 Book Department ...... 13,975** 20,944 10,150 Medical Department ...... 23,708**' 20,000 31,264

Total ...... $199,234 $229,718 $245,055 *Not reported. **No report of Book Work and Medical Work for 1916; figures for 1915 copied. THE KEY TO AFRICA

WHO SHALL POSSESS IT ? MOHAMMED THE

Triennial Report

O F t h b

American United Presbyterian Mission

IN

INDIA

1916—19X8

Lidia— Introduction. 115

INTRODUCTION.

Three eventful years have passed since we sent our last re­ port. Our mission field, “ Far north in India,” has been sheltered from many of the tragedies and sacrifices experienced in the lands that lie where the storm of war has raged with greatest fury, yet here too sorrow and death and suffering have come. From all the districts India’s stalwart sons enlisted by thou­ sands in the armies of the empire, and from Jhelum and Rawal Pindi, the great Mohammedan districts, fired by the martial tra­ ditions of centuries, men enlisted until the villages seemed well nigh deserted by men of military age. Not all who went returned. Many families are bereaved, but those returning have a world vision they did not have before, and because of the touch of Chris­ tianity through its many agencies of helpfulness and mercy, are Teady for the message of Christianity as they never were bêfore. All previous efforts to secure for our Christians the right to enlist had failed. The war brought them this opportunity and in large numbers our Punjabi Christians responded to the call of their Government. To follow them in their army life has been one of the Church’s problems in the years just past. To help them in the readjustments that must come as they return, unwill­ ing as many of them are to go back into the condition of serfs, is one of her great problems for the present and the future. Missionaries and Indians have all tried to “ do their bit” in winning the war. Through the Red Cross and the Young Men's Christian Association ; through chaplaincy work in the Christian regiment, in some of the cantonments and in Mesopotamia ; through active leadership in enlistment and in many other ways, active sendee has been loyally rendered. Much of our time has been given to the spiritual care of the large Christian community. Its need is great. The opportunity, too, is great, but the reports tell of wide open doors on every side for work among the non-Christians and of their readiness to hear and inquire and accept— for we are not left without the encourage­ ment of some who accept. 116 India—Introdu ction.

Books, especially Gospel portions, have been sold in larger numbers than ever before. In Rawal Pindi district alone this last year over 3,200 boks were sold, 2,500 of them being Scripture portions and in Rawal Pindi City an additional 2,500. In other districts also the totals are large. In the Christian work nothing perhaps inspires more hope than the choosing and training of the eldership. Organized con­ gregations in every group of villages with at least one trained el­ der in every village is the practical ideal before us toward which we are working. Only twice, during the three years has death entered our mis­ sion circle, but in the epidemic of influenza our Christian com­ munity lost heavily, and in its sorrows we have sorrowed. Many of our strongest and best Christian Indian leaders have fallen. There have been discouragements, but the encouragements have been far greater. With a Christian Church growing stronger in service, with doors of opportunity standing wide open before us, and with the Church at home assuring us of larger and larger reinforcements of men and money, we thank God and take cour­ age. . Miss N a x x i e J. S p en cer India— In Memoriam. 117

IN MEMORIAM.. AIM00 IRannte 3. Spencer.

Born at Portland Mills, Indiana, August the third, 1866. Arrived in the Mission Field, December the fourth, 1894. Died at Murree, India, September the fourth, 1916. A devoted missionary, a loving faithful friend, a wise coun­ selor, a beautiful, quiet-hearted daughter of the King- left our mission circle when Nannie J. Spencer was called to her crowning. Her name will always be associated with Lyallpur, for it was there most of her years in India were spent. She came with the settlers just after the opening of the canals which transformed that great desert into a fruitful garden. Her first dwelling place was in a tent pitched on the sun-scorched, barren sandy plain, when there was no city and hardly a village. She watched the settlers come crowding in and build their mud houses. She saw the first brick bungalow erected at Lyallpur arid one of these was the mission house. In the early years persistent malaria was very prevalent in this new country and she had to fight it continually. The sum­ mer heat was intense. Dust storms of almost cyclonic velocity were frequent. Itinerating in winter among the new and rapidly increasing villages, driving long miles beneath the desert sun, tramping about in summer in dust inches deep in Lyallpur City was no easy work, but to her the privilege of sowing the seed of the kingdom of God on this fruitful soil was far greater than the difficulties of life and work in a new country. Not sparing herself, nor allowing other things to crowd out her first work as a missionary, she went daily among the Hindus, Sikhs and Mohammedans with the message of life, or spent hour? instructing inquirers from the low castes and teaching the ignorant Christian women. I remember her joy at a Sabbath village ser­ vice where some two hundred Christians were assembled for the first time for the observance of the Lord’s supper. She had the degree of Master of Arts and a scholarly, well- developed mind. Her ability to see things from all points of view and her thoughtful, sane judgment were recognized, so her work on various important committees of the mission was heavy. Her tact, love, sympathy, and wisdom made her opinion prized, but in conferences and discussions on the mission floor her voice was seldom heard unless requested. When she spoke, her words carried weight. She loved reading and study, yet she gave her time and strength uncomplainingly and gladly to the illiterate, 118 India— In Memoriam.

ignorant women that they might know God and Jesus Christ whom He has sent. Often they say of her now, “ She was ver}'- good.” She was so quiet that mere acquaintances were slow to ap­ preciate her intrinsic worth, but the circle of those who claimed her friendship was far from small and they loved her most who knew her best, for her friendship was true. “ Hers was the most selfless life I have ever seen,” is the testimony of an Indian Chris­ tian lady, and her friends one and all testify that more than most of us she loved self last of all Life’s difficulties, burdens and griefs she took to the Master and learned in His presence how to meet them bravely and glori­ ously. The garment of humility adorned her. She had learned that “ The glory of life is to love, not to be loved; to give, not to get; to serve, not to be served,” so when the sudden summons came, she was ready for the higher service.

M tb. ¿fflaij iijniltim g

Born February the twenty-fifth, 1867. Arrived in the Mission Field, December the third, 1889. Died December the twenty-eighth, 1917.

When we received the shocking news, that twenty-eighth of December, that our dear Mrs. Holliday was no more, it seemed that it simply could not be true. W e were not able to think of her in any way but as full of life and energy. O f all our friends she was one of the last with whom thoughts of death could be associated. She was full of vivacity and enthusiasm and was intensely interested in whatever was the duty at hand, bringing to the work all her strength and ability. A large part of her missionary life was spent as a district missionary itinerating among the villages. Sometimes it seems that one’s duty to the women and children of the village runs directly counter to what is due one’s own chil­ dren. Mrs. Holliday seemed able to reconcile the two duties in a remarkable way. Always fond of children she never missed an opportunity to gather them into a little class and teach them. She often re­ marked that the children were the great hope of the Indian Church. It was during the seven years spent in the Christian Train­ ing Institute that her greatest opportunity of impressing young lives was found. She cared for their little bodies, gave them medi­ cine, taught them habits of cleanliness, looked after the mending of their clothes, and cared for them when they were ill and needed mothering. Her junior societies during these days were a joy M rs. T . E. H olliday India—In Memoriam. 119 and delight to her, and she was pleased with the evidences of the zeal and faith of their members. Mrs. Holliday had a talent for helpfulness and the ability to say the right word at the right time whether of encouragement, approval or reproof. If reproof were required she knew how to give it without leaving a sting. She was pre-eminently a woman of faith. It was of this faith that her abounding enthusiasm was bom. Her faith triumphed even over death and the day before she died she wrote, “ O f course, you know my trouble is incurable. I do not know what is ahead, but it is in His hands and I can trust His love.” Though we are happy that she escaped the ter­ rible suffering which often goes with illness, we mourn the heavy loss we have been called upon to bear in our mission circle. Yet learning from her we can say, “ It is in His hands, we trust His love.” 120 India— Stations and Missionaries.

STATIONS AND MISSIONARIES.

Campbellpur ( 1916)—Headquarters of Attock civil district, about 200 miles northwest from Lahore. Area, 4,178 square miles. Popu­ lation, 400,000. The castes or tribes most numerously represented are the Awan Mohammedans, Muliar Mohammedans, Pathan Moham­ medans, and Rajputs, but 43 others are listed in the census report. Oyer 90 per cent, are Moslems, 5 per cent. Sikhs, and over 3 per cent. Hindus. Languages, dialects of Western Punjabi, chiefly Pothwari, Urdu, Pashtu and Persian. Almost 97 per cent, of the people are illiterate, according to the last census. Missionaries— Eh", and Mrs. M. M. Brown, Miss Lena Brotherston, Miss Josephine L. White. Gujranwala (1863)— Headquarters of Gujranwala civil district, forty-two miles northwest from Lahore. A town of importance under the Sikha. District: Parts of Gujranwala and Sialkot civil districts. Area, 880 square miles. Population, 218,352, over five-sixths rural. The castes or tribes most numerously represented are Jat, Chuhra, Tarkhan, Arain, Arora and Khatri; 53 others have representatives. Almost 60 per cent are Moslems, over 22 per cent. Hindus, about 16 per cent. Sikhs, and 1*4 per cent. Christians, with the Jains making up about 3-10 of 1 per cent. Over 95 per cent, are illiterate. Missionaries— Rev. and Mrs. Osborne Crowe, Dr. and Mrs. J. A. McConnelee, Rev. and Mrs. Robt. Maxwell, Rev. and Mrs. W . D. Mercer, Dr. and Mrs. T. L. Scott, Miss Hazel Bennett, Miss Rose A. McCullough, Miss Louise E. Scott. Gurdaspur ( 1876)— Headquarters of Gurdaspur civil district, about 75 miles northeast of Lahore. District: Gurdaspur tehsil, and part of Shakargarh tehsil of Gurdaspur civil district. Area, about 640 square miles. Population, about 495.000. Tribes or castes most numerously represented are Jat. Arain, Rajput, Cujar, Julaha, Brahman, Chuhra, Dumna, and Tarkhan; 54 others are represented. Over half are M os­ lems, more than one fourth Hindus, almost 19 per cent. Sikhs and over 5 per cent. Christians. Languages, Urdu, Punjabi, Hindi. More than 97 per cent, are illiterate. Missionaries— Dr. and Mrs. D. R. Gordon, Miss Emma Dean Anderson, Miss Margaret A. Anderson, Miss Laurella G. Dickson, Miss Margaret J. Fehlman. Jhelum ( 1874) — Headquarters of Jhelum civil district on the Jhelum river, about 100 miles northwest of Lahore. District: Jhelum civil district. Area, 2,768 square miles. Population, 511,575. Tribes and castes most numerously represented are the Jat, Rajput, Awan, and Khatri; 40 others are represented. More than 88 per cent, are Moslems, more than 7 per cent. Hindus, and about 4y2 per cent. Sikhs, with a few Jains and Christians. Languages, Punjabi, Eastern and Western, Urdu, Pashtu, Persian. About 95J4 per cent, are illiterate. Missionaries— Rev. and Mrs. D. E. Alter, Rev. Harris J. Stewart, Miss Ella M. Gordon, Miss Mary E. Logan, Miss J. P. Simpson, M.D. sil, about 45 miles northwest of Lahore. District: Khangah Dogran sil, about 45 miles northwest of Lahore. District: Kangah Dogran tehsil of Gujranwala civil district. Area, 880 square miles. Popula­ tion, 222,535, all rural. Tribes or castes most numerously represented are the Jat, Chuhra and Arain; 58 others have representatives. Almost India— Stations and Missionaries. 121

55 per cent, are Moslems, 21J4 per cent. Hindus, nearly 19 per cent. Sikhs, and over 4 per cent. Christians. Languages, Punjabi and Urdu. Ninety,-eight per cent, illiterate. Missionaries—Rev. and Mrs. H. C. Chambers, Miss J. E. Martin. Lyallpur (1895)—Headquarters of Lyallpur civil district, about 75 miles southwest of Lahore. District: Parts of Lyallpur and other tehsils. Area, about 1,512 square miles. Population, 379,000, of which about 95 per cent, is rural. Tribes or castes most numerously repre­ sented are the Jat, Gujjar, Arain, Chuhra, Chamar, Rajput and Arora; 50 others have representatives. Almost 56 per cent are Moslems, nearly 21 per cent. Hindus, 19^ per cent. Sikhs, and over 3^ per cent. Christians. Languages, Punjabi and Urdu. More than 96 per cent, are illiterate. Missionaries— Rev. and Mrs. J. H. Colvin, Miss Lillian A. McConnell, Miss Jean B. Morrison. Pasrur North (1884)— Headquarters of Pasrur tehsil, about 50 miles northeast of Lahore. Area, about 400 square miles. 'Popula­ tion about 194,000, of which nine tenths is rural. Tribes or castes most numerously represented are the Jat, Chuhra and Arain; 63 others are represented. About 66 per cent, are Moslems, almost 28 per cent. Hindus, nearly 5 per cent. Sikhs and 1 per cent. Christians. Lan­ guages, Punjabi and Urdu. About 97 per cent, are illiterate. Missionaries— Rev. and Mrs. J. G. Campbell, Miss Bessie Fleming, Miss Mary Kyle, Miss Mabel C. Stewart, Miss Dora B. Whitely. Pasrur South (1915)— District is southern part of Pasrur tehsil of the Sialkot civil district, and extends 30 miles from north to south and 20 east and west, its northern border being about 20 miles from Pas­ rur, its western border 20 miles from Gujranwala and its southern extremity about 29 miles from Lahore. Area, approximately 300 square miles. Population, 150.000, all rural. The tribes or castes more numerously represented are the Jat, Chuhra and Arain; 63 others are represented. About 66 per cent, are Moslems, 28 per cent. Hindus, 5 per cent. Sikhs, and 1 per cent. Christians. Languages, Punjabi and Urdu. About 97 per cent, are illiterate. Missionaries—Rev. and Mrs. E. V. Clements, Miss Roma Beatty, Miss Mary Kyle. Pathankot ( 1882)—Headquarters of Pathankot tehsil of the Gur­ daspur civil district, about 90 miles northeast of Lahore district, Path­ ankot tehsil and adjoining territory in Jammu state. Area, 847 square miles. Population, 232,000, nearly all rural. Tribes and castes most numerously represented are the Rajput, Dumna, Julaha and Chamar; 59 others are represented. About two thirds of thé population is Hindu and Sikh and the other third mostly Moslem. Languages, Hindi, Pahari, Punjabi, Sanskrit and Urdu. Over 96 per cent, are illiterate. Missionaries—Rev. J. S. Barr, D.D., Dr. and Mrs. A .B. Caldwell, Miss Mary J. Campbell, Miss Eleanore W . Maconachie, Miss E. J. Martin, Miss Henrietta Moore, Miss Sara A. Moore. Rawalpindi ( 1856, received from the American Presbyterian Mis­ sion in 1892) — Headquarters of Rawalpindi civil district, about 165 miles northwest of Lahore. District: Rawalpindi, Murree, and Gujar Khan tehsils of Rawalpindi civil district. Area, about 1,512 square miles. Population about 455,000, more than four fifths rural. The tribes or castes most numerously represented are the Rajput, Awan, Kharti, Dhurd, Gujar, and Julaha; 46 others are represented. About 84 per cent, are Moslems, 10 per cent. Hindus, 5 per cent. Sikhs, and 1 per cent. Christian, including all the British officers and garrisons. Languages, iWestern Punjabi, Pashtu, Persian and Urdu. Over 93 122 India— Stations and Missionaries.

Missionaries—Dr. and Mrs. W. T. Anderson. Rev. and Mrs. R. E. Ayers, Rev. and Airs. J. C. Heinrich, Prof. and Mrs. W. H. Merriam, Dr. and Mrs. E. L. Porter, Rev. and Mrs. J. H. Stewart, Dr. and Mrs. R. R. Stewart, Prof. J. G. Strong, Miss F. C. Martin, Miss Mary A. Lawrence. Sangla Hill (1901)—About 58 miles slightly northwest of Lahpre at the Junction of Shahdara Sangla Hill with the Wazirabad Khanewal railway lines. District: Part of the Lyallpur tehsil of Lyallpur civil district and part of the Khangah Dogran tehsi! of the Guranwala civil district. Area, about 800 square miles. Population, 220,000, mostly rural. The tribes or castes most numerously represented are the Jat, Gujjar, Arain, Chuhra, Chamar, Rajput and Arora; 50 others are represented. Nearly 56 per cent, are Moslems, 21 per cent. Hindus, 19y2 per cent. Sikhs and over 3y2 per cent. Christians. Languages, Punjabi and Urdu. More than 96 per cent, are illiterate. Missionaries— Rev. and Mrs. S. C. Picken, Miss Laura B. Hamil­ ton, Miss Marietta Hamilton, Miss Kate A. Hill, Miss Flora J. Jameson. Sargodha (1895 at Bhera, headquarters moved to Sargodha 1905) —About 110 miles west of Lahore. District: Shaupur civil district and part of Jhang civil district. Arear, 5,930 square miles. Popula­ tion, 815,000, twelve thirteenths rural. The tribes or castes most num­ erously represented are the Jat, Awan, Massali, Arora, Rajput, Julaha, Mochi, Khokhar, Khatri, Tarkhan, Kumhar, Machhi, Biloch, Sayad, Mirasi, Arain and Nai; 33 others have representatives. Over 83 per cent, of the population is Moslem, 10 per cent. Hindu, almost 5 per cent. Sikh, and 1J4 per cent. Christian. Languages, Punjabi and Urdu. Ninety.-six per cent, are illiterate. Missionaries—Rev. T. E. Holliday, Rev. J. A. McArthur, Miss A. Laura Cleland, Miss Martha J. Strong, Miss Ruth A. Warnock. Sialkot (1855)— Headquarters of Sialkot civil district, about 65 miles north of Lahore. District: Part of Sialkot tehsil and part of Jammu state. Area, 600 square miles. Population, 264,000. Tribes or castes most numerously represented are the Jat, Arain, Megh, Raj­ put, Awan, Chuhra, Brahman and Tarkhan; 51 others are represented. Over 66 per cent, are Moslems (census of 1901), almost 28 per cent. Hindus, nearly 5 per cent. Sikhs, and 1 per cent. Christians. Lan­ guages, Punjabi and Urdu. Nearly 96 per cent, are illiterate. Missionaries—Rev. and Mrs. E. E. Campbell, Rev. and Mrs. A. M. Laing, Rev. and Mrs. W . M. McKelvey, Dr. and Mrs. J. H. Martin, Prof. and Mrs. C. A. Stewart, Miss Minnie Beatty, Miss Henrietta Cowden, Miss Harriet Jongewaard, Miss Wilhelmina Jongewaard, M. D., Miss Olive R. Laing, Miss Elizabeth McCahon, Miss Mary R. Martin, Miss Maria White. M.D. Zarfarwal ( 1880)— Headquarters of Zarfarwal tehsil in Sialkot civil district! about 65 miles northeast of Lahore. Area, 588 square miles. Population, 271,000. Tribes and castes most numerously represented are the Jat and Rajput; 61 others are represented. Over 66 per cent, are Moslems (census of 1901), almost 28 per cent. Hindus, nearly 5 per cent. Sikhs and 1 y2 per cent. Christians. Languages, Punjabi and Urdu. More than 98 per cent, are illiterate. Missionaries—Rev. and Mrs. H. S. Nesbitt, Miss Alice G. Burn­ ham, Miss Nancy A. Hadley. India— Campbeilpur. 123 CAMPBRLLPUR.

Equipment—A small building used as a residence for the worker and school. Attock district lies on the eastern bank of the Indus River. It is ninety-six miles long and seventy-two miles wide and its area is 4178 square miles. It takes its name from the famous old ford and fort at the juncture of the Indus and Cabul Rivers at the northwest corner of the district. The river there is now crossed by a fine bridge which accommodates both railway and other traffic. The population is over 400,000, of which ninety-five per cent, is Moslem. The Sikhs ruled here before the coming of the British, but they had very little influence, as most of the tribes wrere Moslem. These tribesmen are a wild, turbulent lot of men who hold life cheap. The present Government holds them in check, but there are bitter feuds among the chiefs. The country is rough and stony. Ridges rising to 2000 and 3000 feet have deep valleys between them, some of which are of sufficient width to allow cultivation along the streams which are found in them. These rivers are subject to sudden floods and have treacherous quicksands that every year take their toll of life. To the north, on the banks of the Indus, lies the Chhach plain, nineteen miles long and nine miles wide. This is the most fertile part of the whole district and produces large crops of tobacco. Hasan Abdal has been the sacred city of successive races and splendid springs make it a popular resting place. It is not a large city, but a very ancient one. It is sometimes called “ Panja Sahib5' because the thing of greatest interest to the Sikhs is the impression of the five fingers of a hand on the rock over the plact where the water rushes out into a small square tank full of sacred fish. The story is that Guru Nanak, founder of the Sikh religion, came to this place tired and thirsty and asked the Mohammedan saint for a cup of water. Angry that an unbeliever should ask him for a drink, Baba Wali hurled a huge stone at him. Nanak caught it although it weighed several tons, and when he placed it on the ground it was seen to bear the impression of his fingers. He commanded water to flow from it, and from that time it has never ceased to do so. There are mineral resources in this district, but they are only beginning to be developed. A little gold washing is done along the Indus and rather extensive oil fields have recently been opened up. The wells are situated between two jagged walls of rock in a kind of basin. There are five flowing wells and one in process of being drilled, and the derrick is being erected for a seventh. The best well runs 500 barrels a day, another 250, an­ other 200, and one only 70. The completed wells are slopped up till the oil can be taken care of. The country being so rough. 124 India— Campbell pur. to Rawal Pindi, a distance of fifty miles. A metal road is being made which may later be utilized for motor traffic. The drillers are all Americans who have gained their experience in American oil fields and they are paid $10 a day. They do not usually work on the Sabbath. Four of the flowing wells are in a straight line at several hundred yard intervals. The deepest one measures 1600 feet, but oil is found at varying depths. Miss Josephine L. White and Miss Lena Brotherston were stationed at Campbellpur in 1916. There was no bungalow for them to live in, so they rented a native house in the city. It had not been occupied for a long time and much of the mud roof had fallen down into the courtyard. Fortunately there was a floor of hard bricks underneath, so they cleaned it out and moved in. The building is most unsatisfactory. It can be occupied with comparative safety in the cold season, but in the summer it would be dangerous to live in it.

EVANGELISTIC. Attock district suffered a heavy death rate during the epi­ demic of influenza. Dr. M. M. Brown and Rev. J. H. Stewart made a tour into territory where no missionary or evangelist had ever gone before, and Dr. Brown says that the many new-made graves saddened him, as he thought that these people had all died without hearing of Christ as Saviour. The Mohammedans know Christ as “ Hazrat Isa,” a prophet, but to call him the Son of God is blasphemy. The explanation that the expression “ Son of God” means that Jesus was God in the flesh, and that God can pardon us by Himself taking our sins and suffering in our stead, thus satisfying justice and showing mercy, is the one that captures the heart and brings joy to the face. There have been many in­ terviews with intelligent thoughtful men, landowners and officers. They listen to the reading and exposition of the Bible. A real work of grace is undoubtedly going on and the result will be a harvest of souls. Two Mohammedan maulvies (religious teach­ ers) came to scoff, but before leaving one bought a full Bible and the other a Testament. The next day one of them brought a friend, and he too bought a Bible and also a Testament. Books are selling by thousands. In the city of Pindi Gheb alone we sold over 600; of these 359 were Bible portions, 32 Testaments and one Bible. W e have had calls for more Bibles than we were able to supply. Dr. Brown writes: “ W e preach the Bible only. If they men­ tion the Koran we show them that it is contrary to the Bible and therefore cannot be the word of God. On several occasions we have found the people so responsive that we have said to them that all they had to do was to pray to God in Christ’s name and God would forgive their sins. They have assented to this and offered the prayer. I have never seen people more approachable India— Gujranwala. 125 and more open to reason, really hungry for the truth. Twice to­ day the question has been asked, ‘What can we do to please God ?’ We covet your prayers for these people.” Women’s Work— Miss White reports that zenana work has opened up well and that she has more houses than she can visit even with the assistance of a Bible woman. Miss White has spent the last two summers working in Murree.

EDUCATIONAL. A school was opened for Hindu and Mohammedan girls, and thirty of them were enrolled. Their parents seemed anxious for them to be educated and did not object to the Bible being taught. A judge said, “ I do not want my girl to have a godless educa­ tion. I want her to be taught religion.” The girls learned many Bible stories and a number of Psalms. Unfortunately the school has had to be closed for want of a suitable teacher and lack of funds. GUJRANWALA.

Equipment—The Theological Seminary with three residences for pro­ fessors and four dormitories, all the property of Synod. Four residences: Boys’ Industrial Home and Chapel: Boys’ High School and boarding house and a residence for the headmaster; a church building in the city; three boys’ school buildings in the city which are also used for religious services and one girls’ school; Girls’ Middle School in the heart of the city and a resi­ dence for the headmistress; seven parsonages and sixteen schools in the villages. Gujranwala is a city of 30,000 inhabitants, situated forty- two miles north of Lahore orf the main line of the North Western Railway. It is the seat of a large government district with a total population of 900,000, of whom 600,000 are Mohammedans and 200,000 Hindus, while Sikhs, Christians and Jains make up the rest. Gujranwala district is developing rapidly in agriculture, as it is irrigated by two main branches of the Chenab Canal. Wheat, rice and cotton are the principal products. The Gujranwala mission station was opened in 1863 with Dr. J. S. Barr in charge. The work thus opened in Gujranwala City included a large surrounding territory. Itinerating was done in most of the district and the part of Sialkot district ad­ joining. The work has grown until in the city there is a well established congregation, a theological seminary, an industrial school, a high school, a middle school for girls, and four primary schools. In the district outside of the city there are two self- supporting congregations, eight organized and five unorganized circles of villages in which there are Christians, and twenty-six primary village schools. In the city and district together there is a Christian community of 10,000. 126 India— Gu jranwala. In this district more than five hundred Christians died from influenza, and many children have become orphans. Four hun­ dred Christians were enlisted in war service, most of them in the regular Indian army. A number of these were sent on field ser­ vice to Egypt, Mesopotamia or the frontiers of India. The ex­ periences gained by these four hundred Christian soldiers will have an influence on the whole Christian community.

EVANGELISTIC.

The Evangelistic Campaign which was started by the Synod of the Ijjunjab in 1916 found enthusiastic support in Gujranwala. In February of 1917 a series of evangelistic meetings lasting ten days was conducted with Tamil David as evangelist. These meet­ ings were of a high order and were the means of stirring up the people of both city and district. Each year definite plans have been made and carried out with splendid results, and each year the Campaign has grown in force and many Christians are being awakened to the joy of service. The work of the women ot Gujranwala during the week of special effort in February, 1918, was especially worthy of mention. Many of them went out daily to nearby villages to witness for Christ, and after the special week closed they gave one day a week to this work for several months. The women of the Theological Seminary under Mrs. McConnelee took the lead in this effort. During the past three years Rev. Barkat Masih has continued to be the pastor of the city congregation. Two Sabbath schools in the congregation meet regularly each Sabbath, one in the Boys’ Industrial Home chapel and the other in the church in the city. The Bovs’ Industrial Home Sabbath school held a White Christ­ mas entertainment on Christmas eve, 1918, at which a very liberal offering was received for the support of orphans. Rev. Karm Bakhsh, one of the first Chuhras to accept Christ in Gujranwala, is still doing faithful work in a difficult section of the city. Increase of contributions and the ordination of elders are evidences of recent progress in his field. In the district there are more than two hundred villages in which there are Christians. These are divided into fifteen groups in charge of Indian evangelists. Two of these groups have grown into self-supporting congregations. Eight other circles are or­ ganized, each having a session, but are yet without ordained pas­ tors and are not entirely self-supporting. Three of these were organized during the past year. During the past three years a somewhat new method of itin­ erating has been carried out by the Gujranwala district workers. Instead of moving the camp weekly as heretofore they remained a month in one center, in which time a definite Bible course was taught to all the villages of the circle and this was followed by an examination. In this way the missionaries were able to get India— Gujranwala. 12 7 nearer the people and to do more intensive work than was pos­ sible with the old method. Under the inspiration of a teaching campaign the people learned better and the Indian evangelists worked harder than they were wont to do when left alone. At the close of each campaign the Christians of the circle were all invited to the camp for a farewell meeting. This gave a splendid opportunity to review the work and to clinch the lessons taught during the month. It was inspiring to see the men and women stand up in the midst of a large audience and repeat Bible stories and to hear them sing the Psalms they had learned. Apart from the effort of the Evangelistic Campaign week, not much direct work among the non-Christians has been done in the district. However, as the teaching in the villages is all done in the open air, there are non-Christians present on all oc­ casions, and in this way many hear the truth. Rev. Jiwan Mai continues to be a faithful helper with the evangelistic work. A celebration in honor of his completion of forty years of service in the mission, most of which time has been spent in Gujranwala City and district, was held in connection with the fall meeting of Gujranwala Presbytery in 1916. Although from a high caste he is intensely interested in the mass movement among the low castes and is giving his life for their uplift. There have been 2600 baptisms in the district during the past three years, which shows that the mass movement has not died out. While most of those baptized were from the low castes, yet it is encouraging to note that the inquirers from the higher castes are increasing and several have been baptized. One of these is a convert from a Hindu family of education and wealth. From early boyhood he saw the uselessness of idol worship and ceased to believe in it. He was an earnest seeker after the truth, and as the district missionaries’ clerk and language teacher, was associated with them in Christian work, and became acquainted with Christianity in a practical way. After seriously consider­ ing the claims of Christ for about two years, he voluntarily de­ cided and asked for baptism. His plan first was to be baptized on Christmas day, 1917, but his father hearing of his intentions prevented him. One week later, on the last day of the old year, he was baptized, and with the new year began his new life. Women’s Work— A very important phase of evangelistic work is that among the women in the zenanas. Miss McCullough reports that 225 houses are visited regularly by her and her three Bible women, and that some 2600 visits are made annually. There are still a great many bigoted Hindus and Mohammedans whose doors remain closed to the zenana workers, but during the last year a larger number of houses than usual have been opened to them. The need of help and comfort during the influenza epi­ demic was the means of opening many homes to the teaching of the Bible. Several of the women who died had been taught by 128 India— Gujranwala.

the Bible women and showed evidence of real faith in Christ, even though they had not publicly confessed Him. Miss McCul­ lough carries on regular work among Christian women also in the city and in eight nearby villages. One encouraging feature of the work among Christians is the progress seen in the matter of giving up evil customs. Miss Bennett has given considerable attention to work among non-Christian women, and reports that there is but little opposition, and in many villages the homes of the most prominent families are open to her. Many of these lone­ ly women show a longing for the truth. Raj Kumari, a recent convert from Hinduism, has been employed by Miss Bennett especially for work among non-Christians.

EDUCATIONAL. Boys’ Industrial Home.— The Boys’ Industrial Home is the only industrial institution in the mission. Its record for the past three years shows progress. Some boys have gone out to work for themselves, having learned their trades. O f these, there are two shoemakers now in Quetta earning good salaries. Several boys have joined the army or taken up some kind of military service. One of these is a medical assistant in Egypt and another is a corporal in a company at Aden. One boy has entered the Theological Seminary. The average number of boys in the home has been fifty. Through the kindness of some friends in America, funds were provided for the building of a chapel. This was dedicated December the 30th, 1917. It not only satisfies a long felt need in the Boys’ Industrial Home, but furnishes a handsome and suit­ able place of worship for the congregation of the community. An office and show room have also been built, and plans for a new workshop are being prepared. Funds recently contributed by liberal friends in the home Church for plant and equipment for the institution are making it possible to go ahead now and plan for larger things. The Home was honored recently by a visit from Mr. J. Y. Buchanan, of the Educational Department of the Government. He was well pleased with the Home and gave encouragement to hope that a liberal grant-in-aid from the Government would be given. At his suggestion, a day school has taken the place of the night school, and each boy is required to attend two hours daily. A three year course of manual training has also been started for the boys in the carpentry department. Five acres of land ad­ joining the mission compound have recently been bought for the enlargement of the Home. The workshops, especially the car­ pentering and shoe shops, have been busy and are serving the community efficiently. Gujranwala High School.—Among the five high schools in Gujranwala City, the mission high school stands first in efficiency R e lig io n i n I n d ia i. Hindu Holy Man Interior of the Gain Temple, Gujranwala India— Gujranwala. 129 and popularity. The attendance has been on the increase, and the present enrolment is seven hundred and seventy-two. Of this number about fifty are Christians. The others are Hindus, Mohammedans and Sikhs. The school furnishes a good oppor­ tunity for Bible instruction, and it is not lost. Each class is taught the Bible every day. That the school stands high in the opinion of the Government is evidenced by the large grant-in-aid received, which is some 5700 rupees annually. The results of the matriculation examinations have been satisfactory. Last year thirty-three out of thirty-nine passed, some of them with honors. The high school has also done its bit for the war. By means of an entertainment and by voluntary contributions. Rs. 600 were given to the Red Cross. The teachers, out of their provident fund savings, invested Rs. 4500 in the war loan, and the head­ master invested Rs. 2000 in addition to this. A few of the boys and teachers also helped in other forms of war work. The school’s service flag contains more than fifty stars. During the summer of 1918, the boarding house and a part of the main building were used for recruiting purposes. In athletics, the high school cricket team has stood first in the district tournament and second in the divisional tournament. Girls3 Middle School.—As a result of the baptism in 1916 of a Mohammedan woman connected with the girls’ school, the M o­ hammedans of the city became quite angry. Some of the teach­ ers resigned, and all the Mohammedan children were temporarily taken out of the school. The trouble gradually passed over, how­ ever, and the attendance has become normal again. The average attendance for the three years is one hundred and forty-five. Most of the girls are non-Christians. The school receives from the Government an annual grant of Rs. 900. Rupees 150 were raised for Red Cross work. Miss K. M. Mukerjea continues to be head­ mistress and carries on the work faithfully. Theological Seminary.—In the summer of 1918 twelve stu­ dents were graduated, which is probably the largest class that has ever gone out from the institution. The graduating exercises were held in the chapel of the Boys’ Industrial Home and were of more than usual interest. A pleasing and interesting part of the program was the unveiling of the portrait of the late Dr. Robert Stewart, who was for years the President of the Semin­ ary and who did much for its advancement. After nearly fifty years of unsettled life, the Theological Seminary has taken up its permanent abode in Gujranwala, the final transfer of property from the mission to the Synod of the Punjab having beqn effected in 1918. The grounds cover some fifteen acres with a well equipped plant, sufficient for carrying on a great and important work for the Church and the Punjab. Pray that the Seminary may be filled with consecrated young men who will be an honor and blessing to the Church. 130 India— Gurdaspur.

Village Schools.— Primary education is popular among the villages of Gujranwala district. At present there are twenty-six schools. The number of children enrolled during the last three years averages 1050. O f this number 376 are Christians, and of these 126 are girls. W e have three girls’ schools. The school in Mandiala Tega is the life of the village. The day Miss Bennett went to examine the girls, the fathers, mothers and other relatives were out en masse. Every Christian girl of school age was enrolled. The girls and teachers are doing splendid work, and the interest of relatives and friends is praiseworthy. A Mohammedan girl was attending another of our girls’ schools. She had learned much of the Bible and loved Christ though she dared not confess Him. She was too young to have the legal right to choose her own faith. She fell a victim to influenza, but before she died two Christian school girls went anxiously to inquire about her soul. The Mohammedan girl made a clear confession of faith before her young school friends and they had prayer together. The Christian girls were radiant at the result of what was perhaps their first attempt at soul winning.

GURDASPUR.

Equipment—Two residences; a church and parsonage. In the villages several school buildings. Gurdaspur Home for Women with dormitories and residence for the superintendent.

Gurdaspur mission district has a population of 224,000. Mis­ sionary effort dates back to 1871 when Dr. J. S. Barr itinerated in these parts, with a view to occupying the field. The following year an Indian catechist was sent to Gurdaspur. Dr. Andrew Gordon was the first resident missionary. He came in 1876 and labored for several years. As far as known there was not a single Christian here at the time. Dr. David Gordon, who had spent his boyhood in Gurdaspur, returned to India in 1895 to carry for­ ward the work founded by his father. Many years of loving, faithful service among the women of Gurdaspur were spent by the Misses Cynthia and Rosa Wilson.

EVANGELISTIC.

Dr. Gordon reports: “ Our itinerating work for the past five years has been done with the help of our good motor truck. It has furnished our entire transportation from camp to camp, and we have been spared the worry, trouble and expense of ox-carts, camels, tents, horse and cart, and extra servants. The truck has been our moving van and living quarters, being convertible into either in a few minutes’ time. India— Gurdaspur. 131 “ Influenza carried off hundreds of our village Christians and thus thinned their ranks. While there are many things calcu­ lated to discourage, there are on the other hand things which greatly encourage our hearts. Often have I had the experience, in years gone by, of preaching to audiences which gave very little more evidence of taking in the message than did the dry bones of the prophet’s vision. Now the people are growing in intelli­ gence, and it is much more of a pleasure to preach to them. On the last day of this year while preaching to the congregation at Tibbar it was a great joy at the close of the service to have four men and two women in the congregation lead in voluntary prayers, and one of the elders get up and make a speech in which he ad­ vocated the congregation’s undertaking at least half of the sup­ port of their worker. Another encouraging thing is the desire on the part of many to have their unorganized circles of villages organized into regular congregations. Often, too, the amount of money given by these poor people at a single service, while our camp is at their village, is encouraging. For a number of years after beginning work as a missionary in this district, the offerings at the services would amount to only a few half cent pieces, but now it is no uncommon thing for as much as ten or twenty rupees to be given. The contributions to the missionary work of the Synod, including the salary of the Indian Professor in the Seminan% show an increase in the past six years of nearly 600 per cent. The total Indian contributions during the same period of time have increased 70 per cent. “The working force of this district sustained a heavy loss in the death of Rev. Allah Ditta. He was a true helper, humble, faithful and efficient. Not very strong physically, he fell an easy pray to the epidemic of influenza. Two of the elders of the Awankha congregation, Wasawa and Bhila, were also carried off by this dreadful disease. “The Evangelistic Campaign in our district last year was carried out with great enthusiasm. Perhaps the best thing about it was the keen interest taken by the Christian people themselves. The motor truck was a tremendous help in the work. W e spent a day and a night in each of the six large towns in the district. W e placed the truck in the most public place we could find, opened up one side, thus forming it into a preaching platform, set up our banner on which was written John 3 :16 in Urdu, and began work. Four preachers and four or five singers formed the party. Every one helped in selling Gospels. At night we used the magic lan­ tern, preaching with the aid of Bible pictures, and after the preaching was over sold Gospels to the eager crowd. The last day of the campaign week was Sabbath and we reserved that day for Gurdaspur City. The whole congregation, big and little, men and women, boys and girls, turned in and helped with zeal. With the big banner attached to the side of the truck we drove 132 India— Gurdaspur. around the entire city twice (the intention was to follow the Jericho program, but time did not permit), stopping opposite every entrance to the city. As far as the road was straight, people could read the banner and came running in crowds. W e preached to them briefly, sold Gospels, and announced the afternoon and evening meetings to be held in front of the church. It was a great day and evening. Five or six parties traversed the city from side to side and from end to end. Large crowds came to both the meetings at the church, and listened quietly to the gos­ pel message. The following are some of the results for the week: People directly reached with the message, 13,500, and Scripture portions sold, 1600.” Gurdaspur Sabbath school took part in a triple contest with Pathankot and Sargodha. There were seven things in which each scholar could secure points: Attendance, punctuality, collec­ tion, preparation of the lesson, bringing a Bible, bringing a new scholar, and ability to give text and outline of the previous Sab­ bath sermon. This contest did much to stimulate the school in every respect, and though we lost first place in points, there has been much progress and improvement. Women's Work.— Throughout the district the non-Christian women have listened attentively to the gospel message. In one village a Mohammedan woman was found, who, in spite of the jeers of the neighbors, reads the Bible daily with her husband. She says it is the best book they have. Last year we talked to non-Christian women in ninety-seven villages. Some six of these villages had never before been visited by a missionary. During the Evangelistic Campaign week, Christian women from Gurdaspur congregation visited all the villages within a three miles radius of the city. Although they would return home in the evening very weary from the day’s tramping and work, they were always ready to go again the next day. The Mohamme­ dan and Hindu women visited, listened eagerly to the message of the cross, and a number of Bible portions were sold.

EDUCATIONAL.

Village Schools.—Village day schools now number twenty- six. The enrolment in these is 1,631. Only forty-two Christian and thirty-nine non-Christian girls are enrolled in the village schools. There are three Christian girls in the Gurdaspur City girls’ school an3 twenty-seven in the girls’ boarding school, Sial- kot. Dhariwal Middle School.—The enrolment in the Dhariwal Middle School has increased by over one hundred, and now stands at five hundred and twenty-two. All the schools had to be closed during the influenza epidemic. One item of interest is the in­ creased amount of fees received. This year this was Rs. 4,505, an increase of Rs. 800 over the preceding year. India— Gurd as pur. 133 Gurdaspur Home for Women and Orphans.— For years the need has been felt for a home for women— a place where widows, deserted wives, new converts and inquirers, unable to live in their own homes, might have a safe retreat and be trained for Chris­ tian service. At the annual meeting of the mission in 1913, Miss Emma Dean Anderson was authorized to raise fhe sum of $10,000 for the erection of such a home. Miss Anderson writes: “During my furlough in 1914 I met Mrs. Elizabeth Temple, of Paxton, Illinois, one whose heart God had touched in behalf of the needy women of the Punjab, and she was led to give just the amount of money I had been instruct­ ed to solicit. The news was received in India with joy, and ar­ rangements were begun for the establishment of a home. Gurd­ aspur was chosen as the place and the writer as superintendent. “ Limited quarters were found in a small building just be­ side the district ladies’ residence, and the work was begun in April, 1916. After many fruitless efforts to secure a suitable site, God in direct answer to prayer gave us a very desirable one. This piece of land containing about four acres belonged to nine different individuals. Only by God’s help could the business connected with the transfer of this property have been accom­ plished within two weeks. “ Many hindrances on account of war conditions had to be overcome, but by April, 1917, our building was near enough completion to have the formal opening. At this time a portrait of Mrs. Temple, which will be hung in the chapel of the Home, was unveiled. “ Since the Home was opened, forty-five women and fifty- five children have been cared for, and thirty-two children from our four boarding schools for girls have spent their two months’ vacation with us. Of the women who have left the Home: two have gone to hospitals to be trained as nurses; two were trained for Bible women, and are now in this service ; one became a teach­ er in Lahore; five have married; two were sent away, and several unwilling to comply with the rules of the Home went elsewhere. Two have gone to the home above. “ A day school has been conducted and several of the women have learned to read the Bible. Daily instruction is given in the Bible, in sewing and in other hand work. All the work of the institution except the teaching is performed by those in the Home. “ Eight women and five children have been baptized. O f the former, three were Hindus and five Mohammedans. “ As a result of the scourge of influenza that swept over this part of the Punjab, many little children were left motherless and some of them homeless. Many of these little ones have been re­ ceived into the Home. At present we have six babies under six months of age. A Hindu whose wife had died brought his little one twenty miles and asked me to take her. Tears were in his 134 India— Jhelum. eyes as he gave away his baby, saying ‘I give my baby to you because I cannot care for her and I want her to have a chance to live.’ Consider how India is changing under the light of the gospel. Years ago this baby girl would have been buried alive, sacrificed to the gods, or in some similar manner put out of the way. Now she will have a chance. “ The Home is entirely dependent for support upon free-will offerings. No one desiring to enter who has a right to be here has been refused. God has graciously supplied our needs in the past. W e are trusting Him for the days to come.”

JHELUM.

Equipment—Two residences; Good Samaritan Hospital with residence for the doctor; a church; Boys’ Middle School at Sanghoi.

Jhelum district is named after the river of the same name which divides our whole mission territory into two distinct sec­ tions. Rev. H. J. Stewart writes: Whereas most of the surface of our other districts consists of broad level plains, northwest of the Jhelum River the topography is broken and rugged. A range of hills which rises to 5000 feet runs parallel to the Jhelum River on its northern side, emerging as it were from the river like the walls of a fort from its moat and proclaiming the independence of the northern districts from the southern. Behind this moun­ tain rampart called the Salt Range, the surface of the land lies at an elevation of about 1000 feet higher than that of the coun­ try on the other side of the river. The people too, like their land, seem to be different from their brethren in the rest of our field— more independent, sturdy and obstinate, and good fighters withal. So we are not surprised to learn that the districts of Jhelum and Rawal Pindi lead their province, as the Punjab leads India, in furnishing soldiers for the armies of the British Empire. Probably one out of three of the men of military age have enlisted. Their language too is different. A general line of cleavage runs almost due south from the city of Jhelum, dividing Punjabi dialects into what may be called eastern and western groups. The bulk of our mission work has been done among those who speak eastern Punjabi, so that it is considered the standard of our mis­ sion. There are about 2768 square miles in Jhelum district, and a population of 511,575. Since the days of Alexander this terri­ tory has been overrun by many invading hordes from the north. These foreign conquerors have contributed much to the present social and religious life of the people, giving to'what was once Hindu territory a population ninety per cent. Mohammedan. The other ten per cent, are orthodox Hindus, Sikhs and Aryas. W e India—Jhelum. 135 have a congregation of fifty members in Jhelum City, but aside from a few families in the cantonments there are only four Chris­ tian families outside the city. Since 1874 the mission has been working here, though at times the staff has been much curtailed by the scarcity of workers in the whole mission.

EVANGELISTIC. The evangelistic work, especially that in the city, should rad­ iate largely from the Christian congregation, and this we are trying to encourage. The former pastor. Rev. Ganda Mall, was called to the home mission work of our Synod and for a year the responsibility for continuing the pastoral work fell on the mis­ sionary in charge and Elder Fazl Ilahi, the headmaster of our city school. For about six months we have had Rev. Jamil ud Din, who has had many years of experience in evangelistic work as pastor. He is a Mohammedan convert from Attock district, and in him we find a most enthusiastic leader for all city evan­ gelistic work. Twice every week we preach the gospel in one of the main streets of the bazaar and receive good hearings. W e now want a reading room which may serve as a base for this work in the center of the city. The work among the women in the city is conducted by two Bible women, who by years of patient teach­ ing are winning the love of those whom they visit. Each year some twenty women read the Bible regularly, and fifty are taught its truth orally. The four months’ winter camping tour of the missionaries is looked upon by many as the real evangelistic work; but as yet, though it has now been carried on for more than thirty years, it seems to have touched but few of the stony hearts of this dis­ trict. Last year we were able to visit parts of our field which no one had visited since Dr. Scott was there thirty years ago. Possibly the most lasting and profitable preaching that we do is not the giving of our own oral addresses, but the selling of the printed word itself. In all parts where we find those that are able to read, we make a special effort to let the gospel of Christ get within doors and remain there, with the hope that sooner or later it will accomplish that whereunto it was first pro­ claimed to mankind. The one absorbing question among the women has been, “ Can you tell me any news of my boy at the front?” Now they are rejoicing that the war is over and demobilization has com­ menced. These poor women have been kept in ignorance for so many generations that we wonder when they will be able to see the light. As a man after fasting for several days must receive food in smaller quantities and at more frequent intervals, so these women after years of ignorance and superstition can grasp but little of the truth at a time, and must have it more often if 136 India—Jhelum. they are to be sustained by it. But how is this possible? In each of these three years not more than one sixth of the villages have been visited, and not more than one woman out of every one hundred and twenty-six has had an opportunity to hear the story of God’s love. Some are quite indifferent to the message, while others are eager for the truth. In one village where we had been refused admittance into several courtyards, a bright faced young woman implored us to come into her house, and after hearing our message, asked us to pray. It is seldom that we do this with Mohammedan women, for they are apt to be very irreverent; but she assured us that she knew how we bow our heads and close our eyes because she had been in our hospital for a month.

EDUCATIONAL. Education is one of the most profitable ways of carrying out the Master’s great commission to His followers. In this great and bigoted non-Christian district it has insured a regular and systematic teaching throughout the years to hundreds of boys and girls of all things, whatsoever Christ has commanded us, and we believe it has gone far to persuade these same boys and girls to “observe” the commandments of Christ. Though by means of all forms of Christian service, the doors of very few hearts have been entirely opened in this district, yet wherever we go in our winter evangelistic tours we find that the teaching in our schools has created friendships and opened doors of homes through which we enter to preach the gospel of Jesus Christ. W e now have six mission schools in all, but the possible num­ ber is limited only by our funds. Just a few days ago we had a delegation from a large center, where we would have the field to ourselves, begging us to open a new school. But my answer was, “ not enough funds.” This same answer we have had to give to many other such centers. The educational route to the hearts of these people is open if we can but use it. Jhelum Boys’ Schools.—The Jhelum middle school has out­ grown its old buildings, and we are planning now for an addi­ tion of three rooms. Out of a total of over three hundred boys, mort than one hundred are in the middle department, and we are being besieged on all sides by the Government, by the people, and by the boys, to make it a high school. Our Christian head­ master, Mr. Fazl Ilahi, B.A., holds the confidence of the whole community as probably no other man in the city does. All in all the school is a mighty testimony for Christ. In a developing, outlying part of the city is our primary school, intended to reach the children of the low caste community and through them their parents, but because of their indifference, the majority of the forty pupils come from the Mohammedans. All the pupils attend our Sabbath school in the church. India—Ihelum. 137 Ihelum Girls’ Schools.— In Jhelum the girls’ primary school has been doing for the girls about the same as the other schools have done for the boys, though it has to withstand the tradi­ tional opposition to female education. In spite of the competi­ tion of the Hindu and Mohammedan schools, during the last year ours has had a total enrolment of eighty-six and an average at­ tendance of thirty. With the exception of six Christians and eight Hindus, the pupils are Mohammedans. In spite of oppo­ sition here and there, these girls are learning Punjabi hymns and verses and stories from the Old and New Testaments, and their moral life at least has been improved. In the branch girls’ school opened recently we have one teacher and a yearly enrolment of forty-one with an average at­ tendance of eighteen. All are Mohammedans with the exception of the teacher and her little sister. The former chief opponent of this school has been persuaded to send his own little girl. To hear these children tell some of the gospel parables and their meaning, you might almost think they were Christians. With the discouragements we have many encouragements, and we know that the gospel is the power of God unto salvation. Sanghoi Middle School.—Ten miles down the Jhelum River, in the city of Sanghoi, we have a middle school. Some years ago one of the Hindu pupils confessed Christ, and since that time we have had to withstand the active and often underhanded opposition of a rival Hindu school. The Mohammedans, how­ ever, who are the major part of the population, have stayed by us pretty loyally. In a small town near Sanghoi a Mohammedan friend has built us a brick schoolhouse and there are already sev­ enty boys enrolled. Thus through these different forms of activity the seed is being sown. Sometimes we are tempted to be discouraged, but we know that the seed has life and generative power, and some day it will sink its roots even into these dark hearts. Then the name of Jesus will be above every other name in old Jhelum dis­ trict.

MEDICAL.

For twenty-three years the Good Samaritan Hospital has been doing faithful work and teaching a very practical lesson of love. Each dispensary patient is taught a Bible story before she receives her medicine and the in-patients have a still better opportunity of hearing and knowing the truth because the Bible woman has worship with them every day. The patients continue to marvel at the purity of our nurses, and often speak of the joy that the Christians experience in contrast with the gloom of the Mohammedans. One of the patients a few days after her ar­ rival expressed her desire to become a Christian. A case simi­ lar to this had come to our notice several weeks before, and the 13S India— Khangah Do gran. woman had proved to be an impostor who was seeking baptism in order to be divorced from her husband. Hence we were slow to accept this new inquirer, but we sent her to the Home for Women in Gurdaspur, where she has been for six months, and we rejoice that Miss Anderson writes of her only in terms of praise. Another woman has come out for Christ this year, as a result of the medical work in Kala, where two days a dispensary is conducted by nurses from the Hospital. The Hospital is in need of larger accommodations, and it is hoped that Dr. Simpson after her arrival will be able to procure a strip of land adjoining the present compound. During Dr. Simpson’s absence on furlough, Miss Gordon has been acting as manager, and Mrs. Fazl Ilahi has carried the burden of the medical work. The number of patients during these years has averaged 450; new dispensary cases, 9000; and total new and old cases almost 30,000. The nurses are pleading for a trained nurse from home, for without direct instruction from such a trained nurse they are barred from taking their final examination under the United Board of Examiners for Mission Nurses. Two were thus kept from getting their certificates this year, and others are waiting. Our American graduate nurses have answered their country’s call so nobly in the past year that we are con­ fident that there will be some to answer this call also.

k h a n g a h ; d o g r a n .

Equipment—Three residences; the Nelson Pratt Memorial School at Martinpur; five village school buildings and three residences for Indian workers.

The town of Khangah Dogran is equidistant, forty-five miles, from Lahore. Gujranwala and Lyallpur. Most of the mission district is in what is known as the “ Bar” country, which is a term applied to a section of the territory lying between the Chenab and Ravi Rivers. Half of Khangah Dogran tehsil lies in the Chenab Canal Colony and 283,000 acres are irrigated from the canal. The principal crops raised in the district are wheat, gram, rice, cotton and sugar-cane, but wheat is by far the largest, there being some 140,000 acres raised in one year by canal irrigation in Khangah Dogran tehsil alone. The Government receives an annual income of Rs. 448,000 from land and water assessments. The area of the mission district is 880 square miles. Its greatest length is fifty miles and its greatest width is forty miles. The population is 222,535. This is practically all rural, as there are no towns with a population of more than 2500. The density per square mile is about 237. The percentage of literacy is very low, 1.9 per cent. For women it is .3 per cent. India— Khangah Dogran. 139 The two principal communities, the Hindu and the Moham­ medan, are divided into over 100 different tribes and castes. The one in which our work has met with most response is the sweeper caste. There are 15,000 of these in the Khangah Dogran tehsil who are still sweepers, while 5000 have become Sikhs, 2000 M o­ hammedans and 4000 Christians. In the matter of religion, the people are divided into three principal sections, Mohammedans, Sikhs and Hindus. The Mo­ hammedan community has some 2000 religious teachers or one for every eighty-four persons in it, while the Christian com­ munity has twenty, or one for every two hundred persons in it. Among so many tribes and castes, as might be expected, there is a variety of languages and dialects spoken, eighteen in all. O f these the Punjabi, the language the missionaries use in village preaching and work, is spoken by the greater number of people. The district has two or three places of historical interest. One of these is the town of Khangah Dogran, famous for its white dome-shaped tombs, which may be seen for several miles. These are the tombs of the head of the Dogar tribe of Moham­ medans and his direct descendants, dating back some three or four hundred years. Every Thursday night candles are burned before them, and fancy colored cloths spread over them in honor of the departed. Three miles away is a place called Mianali, a small town built upon a hill of old ruins, said to have been the ancient capital of the Punjab. The bricks dug out of these ruins are large and of a peculiar design. Many ancient coins have also been found here. Another place of historic interest is Fort Shekhupura, where there is a fine old fort built before the Eng­ lish rule began in the Punjab. A short distance away is a tower, one hundred and fifty feet high, built by Dara Shikoh, a son of the Mogul Emperor, Jehangir, as a place from which to observe game in the surrounding jungle. Beside this tower is a great water tank covering several acres whose walls and floors are made of brick and stone. The tank and tower are now protected by Government as ancient monuments. Khangah Dogran was opened and the first missionary located there about twenty years ago, but itinerating work had been done in the district from Gujranw?la City for some years before. The first missionaries to live in Khangah Dogran were Dr. and Mrs. 1'. E. Holliday and the Misses Marion Embleton and Mary E. Logan. Between one hundred and fifty and two hundred Christian young men of the district enlisted in the army during the war. A cause of anxiety for the future progress of the work has arisen from the settlement in the center of the district at Chuhar Kana of the Seventh Day Adventist Mission. As they are an actively proselyting Church, it is hard to see how their work can result in anything but harm to the infant Church already estab­ 140 India— Khangah Dogran.

lished. Our mission has proposed to buy their property here if they will seek a new and unoccupied field, and they have promised to consider the matter. In the recent survey of our mission field, made in prepara­ tion for receiving our share of the “407,” it is proposed to open new stations at Martinpur and Shekhupura. The latter place is twenty-three miles from Lahore and has been selected as the headquarters for a new Government district to be created in the near future.

* EVANGELISTIC. So far as statistics go, there has been no net gain in the membership of the Church in the three years under review, though during that time a little over one hundred members have been received on profession of faith. The communicants number 1582. During the past year the Christian community lost over four hundred through the influenza epidemic, or about ten per cent, of the entire number. Two congregations have been organized, making a total of seven in the district. Four fifths of the entire membership live within the bounds of these organized congre­ gations. The training of the eldership in these congregations and securing pastors for them is a pressing need. Some progress may be noted in the organization and extension of Sabbath school work in the villages. Twenty-three schools with an enrolment of seven hundred and ninety-two are reported this year. These are very simple in their organization and methods and in most cases consist of one large class of all ages, as sufficient teachers cannot be found to make a graded school possible. A great need of the Christian community is that of special places or buildings set apart for public worship. Services are now generally held in the open air. One village community has built a little pavilion for this purpose from its Sabbath school offerings. It consists of four mud walls about three feet high, on which are placed wooden pillars supporting a thatched roof. Under present conditions it is an ideal church building for our Christian village communities. An encouraging increase in the gifts of the people may be noted. Some Rs. 1500 for all purposes were given this year, or about one half of the total cost of the evangelistic work. A special gift was that of one of our soldier boys in Mesopotamia, who sent Rs. 50 for the work. A poor blind Christian gave Rs. 6/8/-, the tithe of the amount realized from the sale of an animal. Last year our village Christians took part for the first time in the Evangelistic Campaign. Fifty-eight voluntary workers were enrolled. W e hope to have more this year. Some three hundred catechumens are on our rolls. From these and one or two large communities that are considering the In dia— Khangah D ogran. 141 matter of becoming Christians, it is hoped to make good our losses from influenza. The Christian Endeavor convention this year was entertained by three^ families, the only Christians in their village. Crowds of non-Christians attended to hear the singing. In a previous con­ vention non-Christians furnished the wood for the platform and a large room for the entertainment of delegates. Women’s Work.—As we look back over the last few years of work among the village Christian women, we feel that there has been a decided change for the better. Formerly we had an occasional woman who could recite some Bible stories. Now the numbers of learners has greatly increased, though they are still in the minority. W e feel that the little conventions we had for them and the simple prizes (a package of needles, a small picture, a medicine dropper, or a ten cent Testament) given to those who could recite ten or more stories have helped to encourage them. These women are also beginning to appreciate more and more the meaning and purpose of the thank-offering jugs, and in many places the amount now given is considerably larger than their former offerings. The women’s missionary societies of Khangah Dogran and Martinpur seem to have made no real progress. Their condition is much like that of a little child learning to walk; at times it is able to stand alone or make a little advancement and at other times its progress is very uncertain or it falls down completely. City zenana work has been carried on by Bible women among the Hindu and Mohammedan women in Khangah Dogran and Shekhupura. In both places the number of homes open to them increases each month. Some women learn to read God’s word for themselves and others listen as the Bible woman teaches. In Shekhupura the Bible woman insists on their committing to memory the stories of the Bible. W e were gratified, on our last visit, to find how many Bible stories some of the women were able to tell. The time seems to be as yet one of seed sowing, for though a few have testified to their faith in Christ, they fear to confess Him before men. Pray that the time of the harvest may soon come. The work among non-Christian village women can perhaps best be illustrated by telling of the receptions we are given by different classes. Visiting the sweepers in a village where we have Christians we found that they had decided as a community to become Christians, and were at the time discussing the rela­ tive advantages of joining the Roman Catholics or our mission. Of course they were very ignorant and had very little knowledge of the step they were taking, but they were willing to receive the simple lesson, and their hearts were ready to accept Jesus as their Saviour. At another place, after standing till we were tired, they offered us a seat, but were absolutely indifferent to our 142 India— Lyallpur. message, one woman finding great amusement in it, and another leaving in the midst of it to take up her interrupted work. At another we met a beautiful young woman who had attended a mission school and knew her Bible and hymn book well. She eagerly told of how they had taught her there of Christ Whom she acknowledged as the Saviour. Her mother-in-law and friends too were eager to hear again the words of life. So we sow the seed as we go, and some seed falls by the wayside, some on stony and thorny ground, and some on good ground, to bring forth fruit in God’s own time.

EDUCATIONAL.

The keeping up of elementary schools for boys continues to be one of the most difficult and discouraging features of the work in the district. This is partly due to the poor quality of teachers available and partly to the unsettled condition of the people. In one circle of villages we have started schools in eight different places without success. Nevertheless in the elementary schools for boys and the Nelson Pratt Boys’ School at Martinpur two hundred and sixty-three Christian boys are enrolled. This is approximately forty per cent, of the Christian boys of school going age. The Nelson Pratt Boys’ School at Martinpur recently re­ ceived honorable mention in the daily papers as one of the schools reported by the Education Department of the Government for having a good proportion of its students enlisted for war services. During the past three years there has been an increase in the staff of the Khangah Dogran and Martinpur girls’ schools. The attendance has not materially changed, but the quality of the work is better. The little school in Nanak Kot, which had to be closed for a time, has been reopened and the people’s inter­ est in it seems to be reviving. The greatest benefit of these schools is that besides keeping the Christian girls off the streets for a part of every day, they give many non-Christians an op­ portunity to hear the word of life.

LYALLPUR.

Equipment—Two residences; a church; a residence for women teach­ ers and workers. Lyallpur is out west—not very far west it is true, but one hundred and twenty-five miles from Sialkot and ninety miles from Gujranwala. The district is a rectangle thirty miles wide by sixty long. A generation ago it was sparsely settled, but now the population of the mission district is estimated to be 379,000. It is an interesting population attracted by canal irrigation from all quarters of the Punjab. Tribes and castes are many and India— Lyallpur. 143 diverse. The Janglis who were here before the days of the canal retain their individuality more noticeably than do other tribes. The bright red, dark blue, and mixtures of orange and yellow in his clothing mark the Jangli from afar, and upon nearer approach his black hair, worn long and cut square at the neck, adds to the distinctiveness of his appearance. He is a good Mo­ hammedan and loves his camel. Sixty per cent, of the people are Mohammedans, and of the rest there are about an equal number of Sikhs and Hindus. Many are indifferent toward religion, keeping the name thereof it may be, but neglecting religious customs and rites, forgetting the teaching of their fathers, and interested chiefly in making money. One may do much work among educated men and high school boys and government clerks in English, though Urdu is the language used in public address and in conversation in the city, and it is understood by leading men in the villages; but the language of the home is Punjabi and work among the illiterate of the city and throughout the villages requires its use. In Lyallpur is the Agricultural College, carrying out im­ portant research work and training men to teach agriculture in the public schools. A technical school maintained by the District Board and a Government normal school are also located here. Grain companies and flour mills are numerous. The English Government had hardly completed plans to ir­ rigate the great desert of the Sandal Bar when our mission, with a vision of the rich spiritual harvest to be reaped, sent its first laborers into Lvallpur, then a part of West Gujranwala mission district. Rev. and Mrs. J. H. Martin and the Misses Nannie J. Spencer and Edith M. Fulton came in the winter of 1895-96. Plans for Lyallpur City had been drawn, but the railway which was to bring a constant influx of colonists had not been com­ pleted, so our missionaries had driven across the ninety miles from Gujranwala, doing evangelistic work en route, and pitched their tents on the sun-scorched, barren, sandy plain where the mission residence was to stand. From the beginning of the war, Red Cross work has been carried on extensively. Thousands of rupees have been collected and more than ten thousand garments made and dispatched. The Indian women’s branch of the Red Cross has held its meetings for the weekly work parties at the mission house and the Eng­ lish branch at the deputy commissioner’s residence. For the last year Miss Morrison has been chairman of both the English and the Indian work committees. Now that the war has closed, the Government has asked us to form a permanent Red Cross unit in Lyallpur and carry on work for Indian hospitals. 144 India— Lyallpur.

EVANGELISTIC. A review of the work of the last three years in Lyallpur dis­ closes conditions which are a call to prayer. There has been no great ingathering as in some former years, nor can we report many evidences of real spiritual growth in the Church, while the attempts of the enemy to cause confusion in the Church and re­ tard its growth have indeed been many and subtle. The Church membership is about 1700 and we praise the Master that He has begun the building of His Church in Lyallpur district. Most of the special caste of sweepers from which the Church has been gathered have been baptized and the adversary seems determined that there shall be no ingathering from the other outcaste people, as there has not been one baptism from among them in the district. High prices have induced many removals to other districts and an unprecedented death rate has depleted our numbers. Many young men have gone into the army. The Roman Catholics have been active in proselyting, teaching the simple-minded Christians that theirs is the first and true Church of Christ. At one time visiting missionaries from the older districts were wont to remark on the signs of prosperity among our Chris­ tians, but recently the poverty of our toil-burdened people has impressed us all. Poverty and depleted numbers have not tended to progress toward a self-supporting church. The Indian pastors and Christian teachers number twenty, ordained men three, licentiates two, other male Christian workers eleven, Bible women and women teachers four. Christ has other faithful witnesses also among the wives of Christian workers and other Christians, both literate and illiterate. Two village women met me as they returned from a Hindu shop. They said, “ The shop keeper told us, ‘The Government is catching Sikhs and Christians and compelling them to go to war, and you had better say you are not Christians or your men will surely have to go.’ W e told him that we certainly never would deny Christ if they took our men and us too.” A few days later in an adjacent village some Mohammedan women bore witness that these women are letting their light shine. They said of them, “ They are true Christians and learn the teaching of Jesus Christ. They are very good women.” The Master called from our district for higher service Miss Nannie J. Spencer in September, 1916, and Rev. Paul Nasar Ali in January, 1918, and they are greatly missed. A tribute to Miss Spencer’s life and work is found in the earlier pages of this re­ port. O f Rev. Nasar Ali we would say that he was one of the monuments of God’s grace, a man of prayer and a tireless worker in the Master’s service, with a real burden for the Punjab Church. The son of a heathen priest of a despised caste, he was rescued from the heathen worship to which he was dedicated and educated I n d ia n C h r is t ia n V illage L ife i. Christians Demolishing Bala Shah, the Clay Idol they Formerly Worshipped ». A Christian Worker's Home India— Lyallpur. 145 in our mission schools. For forty-five years he preached the gospel, eighteen years of which were in Lyallpur district. Hun­ dreds of Christians claim him as their spiritual father and a mul­ titude of Hindus and Mohammedans have listened to his earnest witness for the One Who came from God to save sinners. Rev. Wazir Chand, B.A., was ordained and installed as pas­ tor of the Lyallpur City congregation in January, 1916. His earnest and able pulpit ministry, faithful pastoral work and ac­ tivity in the various departments of Christ’s work in the Punjab have made us realize anew the tremendous need for more Spirit- filled men of higher education. For the year 1917-1918 he was Moderator of the Synod of the Punjab. His field includes Lyall­ pur City and eight adjacent villages, with a church membership of one hundred and fifty. There are two other organized con­ gregations in the district, both of them having members in eight villages. The work of our Indian pastors and evangelists in these days when iniquity truly does abound, must be, as one of them said recently, a real labor of love and faith, battling with the numerous forces of Satan and building the temple of God out of material unsightly and unfit. We praise God for the men who make their prayer unto their God and faithfully battle and build day by day. For those who seem to have very limited vision and little burden for souls, we beseech your prayers. In the evangelistic work among the Hindus and Mohamme­ dans there has been comparatively little opposition, but great in­ difference to the gospel message. Recently, however, a bigoted teacher of the Koran attempted a public argument with one of our village pastors, who finished the course in the Theological Seminary last year. The pastor answered every statement with a verse of Scripture, and the maulvie, unable to reply to the word of God, in anger threatened to kill the missionary and pas­ tor if they did not leave his village. W e seldom fail to get a hearing in a village and while the majority have little concern for the way to God, yet daily we praise God for those who listen and consider; for the men who are sincere in their questions and honest in their discussions; for the women who say, “These people tell us the truth,” “ Jesus Christ is the only One W ho can save us from sin,” and who con­ fess with tears their need of a Saviour. The oft repeated re­ quest from women, “Tell us the word of God,” reveals more often a desire to hear again the words that give comfort to their hearts than idle curiosity. . Our village pastors and Christian workers, together with some of the illiterate laymen in whose hearts is the love of Christ, have had joy and blessing in going in groups to villages and sing­ ing and preaching in the bazaars. 146 I n dia—Pasn tr-North. The number of books and Gospel portions that have been sold in the city and villages means that a multitude may read for themselves of the way of life. Women’s W ork.— Zenana work in Lyallpur City has cen­ tered largely in the women’s club. During much of the time, the club has met weekly at the mission house. War work has been the common bond. There have been interesting and in­ structive lectures and on one occasion, at least, the Gospel mes­ sage was given with such power that hearts were pierced. Some received it gladly and some angrily rejected it. The club has done much in establishing friendly relations between Hindus and Mo­ hammedans and between them and the missionaries. The mis­ sionary is a more welcome visitor than formerly in many homes of Indian ladies of wealth and position.

EDUCATIONAL. We are thankful for the small increase in attendance in the city girls’ school in the face of the opposition there has been to Bible teaching being given. Several times, seemingly for no reason, further renting of the building has been refused and it has always been after a weary search that another building has been secured. Some of the little school girls imbibe much of the spirit and teaching of Christianity. They pass out into the Gov­ ernment School after finishing the fifth class and we find them leaders among the girls there.

PASRUR—NORTH.

Equipment—Two residences; Girls’ Boarding School; White Memorial Hospital; boys’ primary school; nine residences for pastors and nine school buildings in the district.

The town of Pasrur is twenty miles south of Sialkot and thirty miles east of Gujranwala and has a population of about 7500. It was first occupied as a mission station early in the ■eighties and is the only town of any size in the whole of Pasrur North mission district, which though not one of our large dis­ tricts, has a population of 175,000 living in four hundred villages. It is so densely populated that from some places twenty villages can be seen. Christians are to be found in two hundred and fifty of these villages.

EVANGELISTIC.

Church development and the evangelizing of the non-Chris­ tian community is the two-fold task before us in Pasrur North. Since the Christians and non-Christians are found side by side in villages and schools, both objectives may often be attained one operation. When we hold open air services for Christian? India— Pasmr-North. 147 half of the audience is frequently non-Christian. They are uni­ formly respectful and present a field for direct sowing- free from the disputes so common in audiences wholly made up of non- Christians. In our day schools about seven hundred boys from non-Christian homes learn the creed, commandments and Lord’s Prayer, and study the g-ospels in the Sabbath schools along with the Christian lads. To help towards the strengthening of the Church, special attention has been paid to the encouragement of systematic giv­ ing and to the “ forward movement” in training elders. Although the latter is under the care of Presbytery, the burden falls heavily on the missionary, who is in a sense responsible for all the con­ gregations in his district, and is usually the moderator of half a dozen sessions. The annual Bible story course has come to stay. In the old days the missionary taught and preached while in the village. Today most of his time is spent in hearing the people recite what they have learned from the local worker. Another caste, the Batwal, is showing unusual interest in the gospel and constitutes still another great challenge to a lag­ gard church. Roman Catholicism continues a real menace, but has lost much of the gains made by false promises. One can always rec­ ognize these Catholic communities by their filth, ignorance, and heathenish rites. Whole communities have returned to us and speak of their Roman Catholic experiences as a sort of Babylonian captivity". It is wonderful the way we can tell the Christian homes by their neatness and cleanness. Pasrur North continues to have a self-supporting church as her ideal and during the past three years two new congregations have become self-supporting and pastors have been ordained. Sikane, a new congregation in the rice country, illustrates the ideal development of a congregation from a mission circle. The pastor, Changa Mai, came direct from the seminary to this congre­ gation and they grew up together. In due time the session was elected and the session and pastor studied the elders’ course to­ gether. In this circle is the village of T which had defied all efforts of the missionaries toward doing away with heathen marriages. This year one last degenerate family brought in the Mirasis (heathen entertainers and singers of lewd songs) for a wedding. The young pastor arrived on the scene and was joined by the whole Christian community and evicted the whole troupe from the village. Three years ago the missionary and pastor to­ gether could not have kept them out. In this famine year, this young pastor proposes to give up his mission salary and live on what the congregation can pay him ; and during our recent visit there his people backed him with a one hundred rupee collection. 148 India—Pasru -North. The war times have brought out the latent heroism in the pastors of the self-supporting congregations. Recently Pastor A was asked, “ Where is your cow?” “ Oh,” he said, “ that cow is sold long since.” Only a Punjabi knows what this meant to his babies. Years ago he raised a special fund among his friends and bought a little bay horse. She was easy to keep and a splen­ did, plucky, little beast; but famine is at the door and he will have to sacrifice his faithful mare. It is like sending off one of his family. He is holding out one more month hoping against hope that the calamity can be avoided. Personal observation brings the conviction that no home pastor would have the patience to collect his salary from a Pun­ jabi village congregation. By nature penurious and proverbially slow to part with his few hard-earned shekels the Punjabi can all too often test and get the better of the missionary in these psychological, rhetorical, and spiritual battles for the semi-annual harvest collection. But the pastor is also a Punjabi, and “ Greek meets Greek” when some day he closes in with the village group after his period of prayer and teaching and demands his well- earned salary. Many are the time-worn excuses to be brushed aside. He must listen to all his past failures and mistakes. Woe betide him if he has failed to bring them off victorious in their last legal bout with the farmers or refused to perform a shady marriage. Able to squander much on wedding feasts, they now claim that they are starving. But in spite of difficulties the gos­ pel is indeed working down through this hard stratified heath­ enism. During this period no less than five new circles have been formed out of our large circles and congregations, still leaving all of the latter twice too large. These new circles are choosing elders and preparing for organization into new congregations. One of these is Qila Sobha Singh, a thriving town on the new rail­ road. Through neglect the large Christian community there had fallen upon evil times. The mass movement swept so many into the church that we were not able to take care of them and stag­ nation followed. Since Master Sant Masih has taken up the work in this town and neighborhood, however, new life is being manifested. The prayer conferences held under the direction of the com­ mittee of Presbytery were vepr stimulating. Pasrur City congre­ gation was divided into sections in the summer for prayer and Bible study. Leaders were appointed for both men and women. A very real desire for blessing brought out faltering prayers from lips that had never prayed before in public. The leader of one section was a young wrestler and athlete named Joseph. This young man has not only definitely surrendered his own life, but has gathered about him a large group of the youths of the city. India—Pasrur-North. 149

This congregation is making marked progress in giving and in church attendance. Women’s Work.—Evidences of progress are manifest among the Christian women of the district. Fewer amulets are seen than heretofore. In many places women are found keen to learn the Bible stories of the year’s course. A new appreciation of the value of education is gradually growing up. In comparison with former years mothers are much more willing to send their little girls to boarding schools, and the enrolment of girls in the village schools has increased. As in other sections, so in Pasrur, the influenza brought sorrow and suffering, yet through it all came blessings too. Among both Christians and non-Christians the hearts of many who seemed to have been indifferent to every­ thing but mere earthly pleasures and duties, have been softened, and many have been led to think more seriously of life and death. Among the Christians of Pasrur City this result is especially noticeable. For years one effort after another had been made to interest the women in attending church, but with little response. After the influenza epidemic had passed special meetings with the women were held daily for a week, in preparation for the Sabbath communion service, and the women were urged to be present. Not only did they come for the communion service, but the interest shown then has not died out. More women are at­ tending church week by week than for years previously.

EDUCATIONAL. Village Schools.— In 1915 Pasrur North reported 15 boys’ schools with a total attendance of 628. This year there were 20 with 740 in attendance. In 1915 we had nine Christian teach­ ers and eleven non-Christian. This year there are thirteen Chris­ tians and twelve non-Christians. The grant from Government has risen from Rs. 1397 to Rs. 2211. In place of twenty there are now eighty-five Christian girls studying in village schools out­ side of Pasrur City. While five new schools have been opened, yet we can hardly say that it is adequate occupation to have only one Christian school to every ten villages, and less than two of each of the twelve village circles which average over fifteen vil­ lages apiece. A number of promising places are clamoring for schools, especially since the Government has recognized our schools and admits our boys directly into the same standard in any of the Government institutions. Our schools are popular with all classes and overcrowding is resulting with larger de­ mands for staff and equipment. First, in number of Christians attending, is the Kalaswala school in a village with five hundred Christians. Out of eighty-one scholars there are nine Christian girls and forty-six Christian boys. In this same village there was an interesting strike on the part of all Christians. The M o­ hammedans had carried off a Christian girl, and the Christians 150 India—Pasrur-N orth. stayed on strike until she was returned. Six schools have been nicely housed from equipment specials. Local help in the form of coolie labor and brick-making stimulates community feeling and a parental interest. Our teaching staif was very materially strengthened by the half dozen boys who have finished their normal course. These boys come as more of the fruit of the Pasrur special class started by Dr. W. J. Brandon. The Pasrur school now has an enrol­ ment of ninety-six boys and demands a third teacher. A neigh­ boring house has been requisitioned for the overflow, but only a new plant will enable us to meet the opportunity. A leading of­ ficial promises land when we are ready to build. How these village teachers need your prayers and sympathy! You teachers of America with your compulsory school laws, and mothers’ meetings, educated parents, and the accumulated moral force of an educated public behind you, don’t forget to pray for the Lahnas and Barkats and Gahnas of the mud village. The building is too often a banyan tree; the desk, a piece of matting on the ground. The parents are unlettered and indescribably poor. Each boy is in demand to herd the cattle or to cut the grass in the byways and hedges. The moral atmosphere is vitiat­ ing. There is little to inspire or elevate. Such surroundings would try the faith of the most robust and experienced. Will you not pray with us for these young teachers, for their parents and for the hundreds of non-Christian boys receiving God’s word through these schools that they may accept eternal life? Girls’ Boarding School.— During the past three years the school enrolment has gradually increased until now we have one hundred and twenty-eight girls. W e can accommodate even more than this. The health of all has been good, except during the influenza epidemic, when practically all the girls, as well as the teachers, were sick. Many were not seriously ill, but some cases of pneu­ monia developed and one little girl died. The school has been largely supported by special gifts from America. These have been falling off, although the number of pupils and the cost, of living have increased. During the last year the orphans who have heretofore been provided for in this school have been transferred to the Gurda- spur Home for Women. With them went the widow who has been a sort of housemother here for many years. She is great­ ly missed. We are now introducing as rapidly as possible the cottage plan of boarding which has been so successful in Sangla Hill. Miss Whitely writes about one girl: “At the opening of school, Rakkhi came in as a new pupil. She had been in another school the year before. Before many days she was punished for trying to run off. That seemed to make her more determined I n dia—Pasrur-S outh. 151 to escape. While I was at our annual meeting she ran away six times, and six times her parents brought her back. She was here when I returned, but the next morning could not be found. We prayed that once more her parents might bring her back, but no Rakkhi came. Her mother and aunt came with the school clothes the girl had, and asked for those which belonged to the girl, bui we said that we wanted the girl with the clothes. When asked what the girl would do if she did not come to school, her mother replied, ‘She will carry a basket of manureon her head of course. We are not poor people and she does not need to do that work, but if she will not go to school there is nothing else for her to do.’ For several months the parents were unsuccessful in per­ suading the girl to return, but at Christmas time she came, bring­ ing her little sister with her. She has since been perfectly happy. Would that more parents were as anxious and determined to have their girls educated.”

MEDICAL.

White Memorial Hospital.—The White Memorial Hospital, which was closed temporarily in 1915, was reopened by Dr. White in January, 1916. This little hospital has been fortunate in hav­ ing as permanent resident worker in charge of the evangelistic work Miss E. M. Anderson, who has been a successful assistant manager and Bible teacher. Her services during the epidemic of influenza will never be forgotten. This hospital stood between our whole Christian community and death during the dark days of the influenza epidemic. Gallons of medicines were sent out far and wide by trusted workers, or taken by the missionaries in the Ford, and milk and other foods were furnished to the destitute. The result is a new and stronger bond of love and sympathy between the missionaries and our people. Some needed quarters for workers have been built and ad­ joining lands secured which will be ample for Dr. White’s pro­ posed residence.

PASRUR—SOUTH.

Equipment—In the villages, school buildings. Where is Pasrur South? By motor it is one hour south from the Pasrur North mission station, one hour east from Gujranwala and one hour northeast from Lahore. These trips bring one to the northern, western and southern boundary lines respectively. Pasrur South was a part of Pasrur district until 1915, when the district was divided into Pasrur North and Pasrur South. In outline the map of Pasrur South looks like that of Africa. It is thirty miles in length from north to south, and 152 India— Pasrur-S onth. twenty miles at its greatest width. Much of the land which was once waste is now bearing rich rice crops because of the immense Raya branch of the Chenab Canal which runs the entire length of the district, while great arms shoot out to the western boun­ dary. It is a district of villages, not a single city breaking the village monotony. In these 250 or more villages live 150,000 people. Most of them are Mohammedans, though in nearly every village, Hindus too are seen. With the exception of the Hindu storekeepers and money lenders and a few tradesmen, the people are farmers or the servants of farmers. In this servant class are found the 6000 Christians among whom the greater part of our work in this district is done. But here they all are: high caste, low caste, Mohammedan, Hindu, and Christian; each very different from the other, yet having one thing in common—they all speak the colloquial Punjabi. The farmer curses his oxen in Punjabi, and in Punjabi the schoolmaster explains to the boys the meaning of the Urdu words. As yet we have no mission station for this district, the mis­ sionaries having their headquarters in Pasrur which is the cen­ ter of Pasrur North. The money for one of the residences which we hope to build has been given by the Young People of the Second Church, Allegheny, but along with many things that have had to wait on account of the war, the building of these residences has had to be postponed. The new railroad which is to be built from near Lahore to Narowal will pass for twenty miles through Pasrur South district, and we hope to locate these residences near some station which will be convenient to the work.

EVANGELISTIC. Christians live in one hundred and ninety-six villages of the district, varying in numbers from one to forty families in each. These villages are grouped into eleven circles, three of which are organized congregations having sessions and with pastors sup­ ported entirely by the people. The remaining eight circles are in charge of Bible teachers paid by the mission. Among the Christians our evangelistic effort has followed two lines: First, to stir up the people to learn the word of God, and second, to establish congregations. With the accomplishment of the first object in mind, four winters ago we had a whirlwind campaign to teach five Bible stories. It was a success and used of the Lord in reviving and inspiring interest in many places. The next year we followed with a twelve story course, offering a certificate to each one who passed the examination. The results made us all very happy. Last year we had a sixteen story course with the added stimulus of an inter-circle contest, a prize being given to the Bible teacher or pastor whose teaching showed the best results. This year *11 was going well in another new course when the influenza epi­ India—Pasrur-S outh. 153 demic paralyzed everything. God substituted some special les­ sons in mortality, eternal life, and the comforting Jesus. There were thirty terrible days of suffering. Four hundred and fifty- eight, or over seven per cent, of our Christians, were called home. Now, three months later, many who were stunned because of the sudden loss of loved ones are renewing their interest in com­ pleting the present year’s Bible course. The word of God is life, and where it goes it brings life. One of the direct results of this effort has been the large increase in the offerings of the people. In circles where three years ago we got fifteen rupees, this year we are getting fifty or sixty. Our second line of special effort has been for Church or­ ganization. Some years ago three congregations were organized, elders chosen and some of them ordained and installed. Then for several years on account of heavy work and changing of mis­ sionaries this important work was neglected. The Church was not being established. People called themselves Christians, but did not think of the Church as something of their own. They liked to bask in the sunshine and let “ Mother Mission” carry the burden and pay the bills. What could be done? We turned to the records of the New Testament churches which were self- propagating and self-supporting. What we needed to do was to organize these churches along the New Testament lines. Our first great need was for qualified elders. Presbytery furnished us with a four years’ course for elders as a basis for the required training. The Bible story campaigns pointed out the men available for the office and we asked the people to choose from among those who had learned. W e have frequent session meetings with these elders, new and old, and instruct and drill them in the ideals of the elder’s life and work. Last March thirty-five elders from Pasrur South received certificates, having completed their first year’s course. These will all appear again before Presbytery this year and others with them. Our second great need for these new churches is pastors. We are praying that God will thrust out laborers from among our young men who have been or are pupils in our schools. Our work among the non-Christians is closely related to the Christian work. Every effort made to improve the quality of the Christians has its direct result in a better witness before the non-Christians. Mohammedans and Hindus frequently visit the Christian services and learn about Christ. Our Christian lay­ men recite to their non-Christian friends the Bible story they have learned. W e make a special effort to sell Testaments and Scrip­ ture portions. A strong singing and preaching party is sent to most of the melas and fairs where great crowds gather. The ladies try always to visit the wife of the head man in the village, and generally receive a most hearty welcome. There is no limit 154 India— Pathankot. to the preaching one could do as far as willing listeners is con­ cerned. EDUCATIONAL.

Our educational work in the district is carried on through the medium of eleven schools in which are now 552 boys and 32 girls. O f these, 255 are Christians, 315 Mohammedans, and 76 Hindus. W e feel that these schools are not only educating a small part of the Christian community, but are also helping to evan­ gelize the non-Christians by teaching their children the word of God. Part of the required course is the learning of the Sab­ bath school lessons, on which a yearly examination is given. As only a very few girls attend these village schools, a special effort is made to persuade girls of school age to enter one of our girls’ boarding schools. In the past three years we have had much to encourage us in this effort. Formerly parents were very reluctant to send their little girls away from home and trust them to the care of strangers, but after having seen some of the results of life in these boarding schools, they are becom­ ing more and more satisfied to sacrifice for a time in order that their daughters may be educated. The careful training a girl receives in boarding school is bound to bear fruit. A girl from one of our villages had been in the Sangla Hill school. Then her parents married her to a heathen, of course, by a heathen ceremony. But she at once began to let her light shine in her village. She first prepared her own husband for baptism, (hen his people, and now the whole low caste community in that vil­ lage have become Christians. She was not satisfied with her heathen marriage, so persuaded her husband to have a re-mar­ riage according to Christian rites. She is the village scribe. One day, in the presence of the missionary, a Mohammedan farmer came bringing a letter. “ Yes,” he said in reply to an inquiring look from the missionary, “ she reads all our letters for us and writes the answers too.” During these three years a Ford motor car has helped to make possible a new standard of supervision for both evangelistic and school work. Where formerly a school or session could be visited but once or twice a year, monthly visits can now be made even in the hot weather, and the constant supervision has resulted in noticeable improvement in all lines of work. “ God hath done great things for us, whereof we are glad.” PATHANKOT. Equipment—Two residences, a church, Avalon High School, Elliott Dispensary. W e have in Pathankot the charm of the hills which is felt by all who live here. The undulating fields, the low hills near India—Pathankot. 155 us with a background of the majestic Himalayas, covered with snow for half of the year, the weeds, the streams running over their stony beds, the grass, the singing birds, and the fresh air from the mountains (except in the hot, steamy summer) are all in contrast with the cultivated dusty plains of most of the other stations. And then the people! W e have such a variety of them; from the “ shepherds of the hills,” their full coats girded in by long woolen ropes, leaving room for several weak little lambs to be “ carried in the bosom,” and the other simple hill people, their complexions rosy from the outdoor life that they lead; the shop­ keepers from the plains; the farmers who have lived their in­ dependent lives without the pinch of poverty on the land that they have inherited from their fathers; the Gurkha soldiers; and during most of the year groups of English soldiers on their way to and from the hills; to the day laborer, who depends upon his meager daily earnings to keep himself and his family from starva­ tion. “ From our house by the side of the road” we hear all day long the creak of the ox-cart and the scraping of the loose wheels of the bamboo carts, and see the little hill ponies carrying the poorer people up to the hills and back again; while the hill tonga, the automobile and the motorcycle convey the more fortunate. Life is busy, varied and free from monotony in Pathankot. At one time Pathankot was a part of Gurdaspur mission district, but in the early eighties it was made a separate district. It has eight hundred and forty-seven square miles, and contains a population of 232,000. It would keep several of the circuit riders, of olden times busy to try to reach all the people during the year, and then they could only say, “ How do you do?” and go on. The independent, satisfied spirit of the people makes them harder to reach, but they are not unresponsive when regular visits have been made. Dr. Andrew Gorden, Dr. J. S. Barr, Dr. T. E. Holliday, Rev. H. S. Nesbitt and Rev. J. H. Stewart have all labored here. Dr. A. B. Caldwell, who has charge of the district, was first assigned to this work in 1883, and has now returned to the scene of his first labors in India. The Misses Cynthia and Rosa Wilson also, we especially connect in thought with Pathan­ kot, and they are lovingly remembered by the people. In a Sikh village the women told us about a girl whom the Misses Wilson had taught to read and of how she loved to read her New Testa­ ment. From what they tell us it appears that she died a Chris­ tian at heart. To the efforts of Miss E. W- Maconachie, Elliott Dispensary owes the place it holds in the hearts of the women of Pathankot. Many women come from the outlying hills and ■villages to seek healing for the body, and at the Dispensary they first hear of the great Healer, Christ Jesus. 156 India—Pathankot.

EVANGELISTIC. O f the non-Christians, Miss Moore says: “ Non-Christian describes most of the people of the district. The great majority are Hindus, still worshipping stones and creatures, though ac­ knowledging one Creator, for whom different classes have dif­ ferent names. While their religious ideas are strange, beyond my understanding, some manifest real heart hunger. Seeing their sadness and despondency because of the many deaths from in­ fluenza, one realizes the blessed comfort the gospel brings and these peoples’ need of it. W e find in every village quite a num­ ber of children with neither parent left. I thought I had seen children badly enough neglected, but these orphans are dirtier, more unkempt, more ragged than one ordinarily sees.” Many of the low caste Hindus in the district have become Aryas and are quite content, but some admit that they are no better off than before and are willing to consider Christ’s claims, while others are the boldest opponents of the gospel. Dr. Caldwell says, “ The work among some of the lower caste Hindus is encouraging; some of them tell us that they are thinking of becoming Chris­ tians, but are waiting for others to join them.” In speaking of the readiness of the people to hear, he says, “This past year there has been a marked absence of efforts to oppose the preaching of the gospel. While there have been occasional lively discussions, there have been respectful hearings in most places. Even where questions have been asked, the spirit of the inquirer has been good. In the past three years 3409 Bibles and Scripture por­ tions, and 1945 other religious books and tracts have been sold. Selling at railway stations and on the trains has given many good opportunities of presenting the gospel story to men of various castes, religions and nationalities.” The Christian community of Pathankot is small compared with that of the most of our districts. In 1917 five hundred and twenty-nine Christians lived in seventeen villages, in only six of which regular services were held. There were thirty-four baptisms. Among those baptized was a woman who for several years had been a great opponent of the Christian religion. A great change came over her and she became an example to others in the study of God’s word, attendance at religious services and the leading of a consistent life before her heathen neighbors. She has since been called to the higher service. In 1918 five hundred and sixty-three Christians were reported, belonging to eighteen villages; forty-six had died during the year, mostly of influenza. O f the Christians Miss Moore says. “ It is only a few years since these people became Christians, and they are all from the out- castes. They have fair ability, but are sadly in need of instruc­ tion. A few seem to have some comprehension of and desire for spiritual things. As one lay dying she said, ‘I am going home.’ There are some Christians in a few villages across the river in India—Pathankot. 15 7 Jammu territory and Dr. Caldwell says, ‘They have shown an interest in the recital of Bible stories, but they have yet to learn that the lessons taught should be a part of their own lives, and that they should forsake former evil customs, and come out from among the unclean. Yet some progress has been made.’ ” The work of the congregation in Pathankot has been encour­ aging. For a while, each summer or autumn, Dr. Caldwell has held services in English for the English soldiers who spend some time here. These services have also been enjoyed by the teachers and pupils of Avalon School. The work of the Sabbath school has been given an impetus through two contests which were held, In 1917 a Red and Blue contest was held in the school, and in 1918 the contest was with the Gurdaspur Sabbath school. In 1916 the reported average attendance was sixty-six, and for the year 1918, one hundred and forty-seven. In the three years the Sabbath school contributions have amounted to Rupees 395. The men’s Bible class, the Prem Sangat, consisting mostly of non- Christians, has been kept up. In 1916 fifteen members of the class were reported, while the average attendance for 1917 and 1918 was seventeen. The contributions of the congregation for the past three years amounted to Rupees 450, besides Rupees 79 from the missionary societies of the school. The girls have also organized some social service clubs among themselves. “ China” was the subject for mission study in the new women’s missionary society organized in the Pathankot church and was very much enjoyed by the members. In the three years twenty-eight of the Avalon girls have made a profession of their faith and united with the church. Many have given evidence of spiritual growth. Women’s W ork.— Miss Jane E. Martin, who had charge of the zenana work in the city during the greater part of 1918, re­ ports : “ The Bible woman, who visited the homes in Pathankot city, spent most of the time among the lower classes, preparing inquirers for baptism and teaching the Christian women. Every Sabbath afternoon during the summer an hour before the service she brought a class of women to the church where they learned the Sabbath school lesson for the day. They were much inter­ ested in this and took pleasure in telling the story of the lesson of the week before, showing that they had thought of it during the week. Several of the women received baptism and we pray that this may be the beginning of a strong Christian community in Pathankot city.” EDUCATIONAL. Village Schools.—There are one hundred and fifty-nine boys and nine girls enrolled in eight village schools. Of these, thirty of the boys and the nine girls are Christians. Also two Christian girls from the villages are attending boarding school. O f one of his village schools, Dr. Caldwell reports that, aside from a 158 India—Pathankot. few minor repairs, the whole support of the school is derived from fees and Government aid. While preaching the gospel in a certain village one man in the audience gave his hearty consent to everything that was said and was able to join in the singing of some of the Psalms. On making inquiries, when leaving this place, we found that our agreeable member of the audience was an old pupil of this same school. Sixty Mohammedan girls have been enrolled during 1918 in our day school for girls in the town, and the average attend­ ance has been nearly forty. A branch Sabbath school has been kept up, and there is usually an attendance of over thirty. Two teachers in Avalon High School and one of the senior girls have had full charge of this Sabbath school. The little girls very much enjoy the Sabbath school picture cards from home when we have them to give. They recite Bible stories with much interest, and our prayer is that many of them may be led to believe on Christ. Avalon High School.—A comparison of figures shows en­ couraging growth in Avalon High School. In 1917, 114 pupils were enrolled, 108 of whom were Christians and 95 boarders. In 1918, 143 were enrolled, 123 of whom were Christians, and 110 boarders. In 1917 all the four candidates for the matriculation examination passed. All the candidates in the girls’ middle, ex­ cept one who appeared only for arithmetic, passed in 1917, and Avalon won three out of the ten Government scholarships, open to Anglo-vernacular candidates in the Punjab. They draw these scholarships while they are enrolled in the high school classes. In 1918 all the candidates passed in the middle and won four out of the ten scholarships. The five candidates stood 1st, 3rd, 5th, 9th and 21st among 162 candidates. The middle and high girls enter the Lake Memorial Scripture Examination, and in 1918 our girls won the first and second prizes of Rupees 15 and Rupees 10 in the junior examination for Christians. The first prize-giv- ing was held in April, 1918, and the school girls prepared the program which was enjoyed by a large number of guests. The beautiful prizes were furnished by the Bamba Circle of the First Church, Seattle, Washington, and were handed to the winners by the wife of the Deputy Commissioner of Gurdaspur district, which added to their value. On India’s “ Our Day” in 1917, and Victory Day in 1918, the school gave patriotic programs. Many of the women and girls of the town were invited, and most of the guests came veiled. The special feature of the first program was a demonstration by the First Aid class, and of the second program, a history of the war, prepared by the teacher of his­ tory, and acted out by some of the seniors and juniors, represent­ ing the different countries which were in the war. The school girls were happy because they had given pleasure and profit to some who live “behind the curtainwho but for them would have had no part in the patriotic celebrations. India— Rawal Pindi. 159

MEDICAL.. The work in Elliott Dispensary has been carried on with interest. On the bright sunny veranda, before they pass into the dispensing room, many women for the first time hear of the death and resurrection of Christ. Invitations, too, are often given by the women which open new homes to the visits of the city Bible women. During the recent influenza epidemic, the work­ ers. though themselves crippled by illness, were faithful in their care of the sick in the school and city. In the three years about 14,000 patients have been treated, and they have made 51,985 visits to the dispensary for medicine and treatments.

RAWAL PINDI.

Equipment—Gordon College with Gordon Hall and residences for two professors. Four residences; Mission High School with two branches and a residence for the headmaster; a church; a read­ ing room ; a small building used for church services in canton­ ments. Rawal Pindi district takes its name from Rawal Pindi, the chief city between Lahore and Peshawar and the chief military station in India. It was until recently, when Attock was taken away from the north and west, a very large district. Even now it has a population of 455,000 and an area of some 1512 square miles, for which we as a mission are responsible. The city has a population of about 70,000 and is an important center for trade with Kashmir. Travelers going to and from that garden valley usually go by this route. Out of every 100 of the population 84 are Mohammedans, 10 Hindus, 5 Sikhs, and one Christian. Most of the Christians are British, as there are always British battalions and batteries in the station besides a good many civilians. There are five Protestant and two Roman Catholic churches to serve this com­ munity. There are few good roads and the district is badly cut up by ridges of hills. On the side towards the Himalayas we have a large tract of really mountainous country, culminating in the peak on which the sanatorium of Murree has been built. This is over 7000 feet high and is a favorite resort for large numbers of visitors. Mission work in this center is carried on regularly during the summer months. To the antiquarian there are some points of absorbing in­ terest in this region. O f these the most important are the three sites of the ancient and powerful city of Taxila, which was a great center of learning in Buddhist days and was the chief city of North India. It was added to the em pireof Alexander the Great when he conquered this part of India, and Greek coins, 160 India— Rawal Pindi.

statuary, etc., are now being dug out by the excavators. The work is considered so promising that the Director-General of the Archeological Department of India has had a residence built on the spot and himself supervises the work, which will take at least ten years. A permanent museum is to be erected to house the relics discovered, and the walls and foundations of temples, shrines, fortifications, shops, dwelling houses and palaces which have been unearthed are to be protected for the benefit of the public. The American Presbyterian Mission opened work in Rawal Pindi in 1856 and carried it on until 1892 when, by arrangement between the two Boards, it was transferred to us. Although Rawal Pindi is an old mission station we are so near the frontier and the people are so bigoted that the progress has not been as rapid as in many places further south. W e now have a number of flourishing institutions that are doing a great leavening work. These are the Gordon College, the mission high school with its branches, the girls’ school, the leper asylum, which we superintend for the Mission to Lepers, and two organized congregations with very capable pastors. The whole of the Indian Christian community lives in the city. District missionaries itinerate through the most accessible parts of the region, but as much of the land is cut up like the so- called bad-lands of Montana, and there are few roads, a great many villages have never been visited.

EVANGELISTIC. More Bibles, portions and religious books are being sold than ever before. Despite the rise in prices more than a third as many were sold this year in this district as in the whole of the mission a year or two ago. A few years ago the sale of a full New Testament was an event, but now there is a demand for full Bibles. In the last year over 3200 books were sold in the district, 2500 being portions of Scripture, and in the city some 2540. In earlier days it was considered dangerous to preach freely in the streets of Rawal Pindi, but now it is safe in any part. At present regular bazaar preaching is carried on three afternoons a week, twice in the city, and once in the cantonments. As at home it is found that the larger the band that goes out to preach the more effective the appeal. Professional evangelists are useful, but when volunteers take time to go out to sing and speak, the preach­ ing has more weight, and since it has been possible to enlist a good­ ly number of these, the work has been more effective. More than sixty helped last year in Synod’s Evangelistic Campaign. Mr. Heinrich reports: “ The Synod’s Evangelistic Campaign has given a new impetus to the evangelistic effort among non- Christians. Last ^year’s campaign, which culminated in the spe­ cial evangelistic week at the end of February, shook the whole India— Rawal Pindi. 161 city. The Mohammedans brought up a man from Lahore, who was formerly their missionary to England, to deliver lectures and to carry on their campaign to combat ours. The Arya Samaj, the Sikhs, and the Hindus all carried on campaigns of their own after ours was finished. A large number of earnest inquirers have been dealt with. Four Mohammedans and one high caste Hindu have been baptized. “A number of large signs with Scripture verses have been put up in front of the mission reading room. This room is at the intersection of seven roads and is at the best corner for dis­ play advertising in the city.” For the past seven years Dr. W. T.' Anderson and Miss M. A. Lawrence have worked continuously in sowing the seed in this district, while others have worked for shorter periods. It has frequently been heart-breaking work. They were threatened, scorned, abused, turned out, and even stoned, but they * never gave up the struggle. Sometimes in a whole year there would not be a single person that seemed like a true inquirer, but each year more portions of God’s word were sold, more friends were made, and they were given access to more homes. At present Rev. J. H. Stewart and Dr. M. M. Brown are dividing their time between Rawal Pindi and Attock. Both dis­ tricts are without lady missionaries. Rev. J. H. Stewart reports: “ In the main the reception we have had from the people in the villages has been marvelous. They have listened, asked questions, bought books, and in some cases followed us in the prayer, ‘Oh God, forgive my sins and save me for Jesus sake.’ ” The high caste convert is always a great problem. He comes penniless and he can find work with difficulty. He must be sup­ ported for a longer or shorter time while he is being instructed. Frequently he must be clothed as well as fed, but there is no fund that can be used for this. After he has been baptized he can be taken on as a mission worker, if he is fitted for it, or if he is of school age he can be given a scholarship ; otherwise the missionary himself has to provide for his support until he passes through the transition period. We have been praying for a harvest from the high castes, but we do not really know what we could do with them if they should come. At present there are two men of this type in this city. One of them has been baptized and the other is under instruction. Both are from fine families, one being a Brahman, and the other from a very wealthy land-owning merchant family. Both of them are at present homeless and both would be very valuable helpers if they had more training. The Brahman was for seven years in the famous school at Hardwar on the Ganges which trains Hindu religious leaders. He is now desirous of entering the Christian ministrv. 162 India— Rawal Pindi. The second is one of the first fruits from the Punjab Synod’s Home Mission in Mianwali. When he decided to come out he had to leave his home and came to Rawal Pindi. He had been partner in his father’s business and his personal expenses were several hundred rupees a month, but he gave it all up and for a time was simply an object of charity, living with a devout elder of the congregation, until a position Rs. 40 a month was found for him as foreman of a gang of laborers putting up an office and personal-work room for Mr. Heinrich. His father has come several times to persuade him to return and his mother has come once. His father offered him a gift of 70,000 rupees outright if he would return to them. His uncles have come with cajolery and threats, but he has stood firm. He has been home once to try and persuade his wife to come with their two babies and live with him, but he and the missionaries who went to help him had to return unsuccessful. At present he is grading some land at the leper Asylum. What can we do for such men ? This problem is bound to become more and more acute as increasing numbers take the decisive step and give up father and mother, wife and children, for Christ’s sake. For some the hardships and temptations are too great. Last summer a middle aged maulvie, or religious leader of the Mo­ hammedans, was baptized at the time of the meeting of the Synod. He had been a prosperous Central Asian trader, knew English and several Oriental languages well, but, through no fault of his own, had lost his property some time before. He seemed to be a true convert, but like all of the class from which he came he considers himself a person of some importance. Sev­ eral positions were found for him to tide him over the time of transition, but he lost them all. Finally he lost his courage and went back to his people. But he has not been happy, and re­ cently he has written that if some arrangements can be made for him he would like to come back. It is easy to say that he ought to have more faith and that he should not look to the mission to take care of him, but what would you do in his place? Leper Asylum.— Two years ago the starting of a new asylum in the native state of Poonch took away twenty-nine of the pa­ tients from the Rawal Pindi Leper Asylum, along with the grant for their maintenance. This reduced our numbers to forty-five, but the recent hard times and the addition of a Persian wheel to raise water for some little gardens has attracted more of these unfortunates, and we have sixty-six on the roll at the close of 1918. There are two advantages in these gardens. In the first place the vegetables raised will lend a little variety to the diet of the lepers and, secondly, gardening will give them something to do. Prizes will be awarded to the lepers making the best gardens. There is of course no market for what a leper touches, and one India—Rawal Pindi. 163 of the saddest things about their lot is their uselessness and the fact that they have nothing to do. As this is a large military station we have had more op­ portunities than those in other places to help in war work. At present three services are being held each Sabbath for Indian Christians in the army. Two are being held in the Motor Trans­ port School, one of which is conducted in English by Professor J. Gordon Strong for about one hundred Karens from Burmah, and one for the men in a labor corps. Many non-Christians attend the services which are in Urdu and a number have been baptized. Besides the missionaries, a number of Indians have given valuable service in this work. The Rev. James Ganda Mai was so successful with soldiers that he was selected to be one of the chaplains to go with our Christian troops to Mesopotamia. His recent death there from pneumonia is a loss not only to Rawal Pindi, but to the whole church. Rev. Khera Mai, who follows him as pastor of the cantonment congregation, has had experi­ ence in the Y. M. C. A. and is very efficient in this kind of work. The British soldiers have not been neglected. Regular ser­ vices are held for them by their chaplains and additional meet­ ings in the Soldiers’ Home. In order to interest them in the work of missions, series of lectures have been given on Indian subjects. Profs. R. R. Stewart and Israel Latif, son of Rev. James Ganda Mai, of the college, spent their summer vacations in work in the Y. M. C. A., and after completing his three years as a teacher in Gordon College, Prof. John W. Meloy spent a year in the same work. Sabbath Schools.— Much use has been made of Sabbath schools in evangelistic work. Besides the two for Christians in the congregations, there are three well organized and flourishing schools for non-Christians which are carried on by voluntary help. Miss Martin tells of one other that is worthy of special note: “ East of Rawal Pindi there is a great tract of broken land honeycombed with brick kilns, where thousands of people live in little groups of huts. There are families of Christians scat­ tered among these. Part of my Sabbath morning’s work was to hold a Sabbath school for these Christians. One morning as I was going along the path a Mohammedan boy came and asked me to show him a picture of Jesus Christ. I told him that I did not have a picture, but I would tell him a story about Jesus. This pleased him very much and he said, ‘If 1 gather up a lot of chil­ dren will you stop and tell us another story next week?’ The next week fifteen children were ready to hear the story of Christ and most of them committeed a verse. This has been a bright spot in my work. It has often been a class of fifty. One day a man asked what the gain would be if he became a Christian. A little boy of twelve or thirteen said, ‘This lady is not teaching about the things we e^ain in this world, but of spiritual gain.’ ” 164 India—Razval Pindi. Women’s W ork.— Of the zenana work Miss F. C. Martin reports: “ W e have aimed to give weekly lessons in forty houses or centers. It has been a satisfaction at the end of the year to find that we have been able to do much more than this. There has been a splendid interest shown. Another door open to us these past years of war has been that of visiting the wives and families of men who are at the front, and it has been one of my great disappointments that we have not been able to cope better with this great need, because what we were able to do was so much appreciated. For example, a man home on furlough from France came with his wife one day to thank me. He said, ‘One of the first things my wife told me was how you had comforted and helped her. When she thought that I was dead you came and encouraged her as though you knew her special need. But how could all this be if it were not for God who knows all things and loves us ?’ ” EDUCATIONAL. Gordon College.— In spite of the war the work of the college has been carried on as usual. The attendance has slightly in­ creased. The highest number on the roll last year was one hun­ dred and seventy-five, which is the largest we have ever had. Some of our students, and many of our graduates, are doing noteworthy service with the army and in the Y. M. C. A. in Mesopotamia, South Africa, Palestine, Egypt and France. During the first half of the period in review the college was in charge of Dr. E. L. Porter. Since he went on furlough, Prof. W. H. Merriam has been Principal. There are four permanent missionaries and two Indian Christians on the staff. This is an increase of three. Half of the professors are non-Christians. If, however, we insisted on having Christians only we should be rob­ bing some of our other institutions and so we must patiently wait for the development of the Christian community. Professor John W. Meloy after finishing his three years’ term in the college worked a year among British soldiers, and in 1918 returned to America to enter the seminary and fit himself for returning to India. W e have sixteen Christian students, six more than we had three years ago. The quality seems to be improving. The “ Stu­ dents’ Christian Union” Jnas taken the responsibility of carrying on the non-Christian Sabbath school held in the mission school building. Last year ten students helped in this work, and three more helped in the Lai Kurti branch. Some have helped in the weekly bazaar preaching and six were employed as evangelists during the summer by Rev. J. H. Stewart, who was pleased with their work. The Boys’ High School.— For the past three years the en­ rolment has remained close to seven hundred, most of the students India— Sangla Hill. 165 being in the primary grades. Mr. Heinrich reports: “ There are now seven high schools in the city. Of these ours was the first, and nno that has been established has drawn from the mission school enrolment. SL*. of these have been started in the last eighteen years; nevertheless our school is still in high favor in the city. in theAnum6ere o i that deserves notice is the increase of direct evangelistic result tn^CuHLsl ii2 ne-,rf.a^?n ^0r, doubtless been the lack of Christian atmosphere!"nvvifui°9Ls, _as ception of the headmaster and the Bible teacher, the staff has been almost entirely non-Christian. Through the efforts of the headmaster, B. Samuel, there are now ten Christian teachers. This is a cause for great gratitude.” The Girls’ School.—Although there are so many boys’ high schools in the city, there is none for the girls, and the mission school with an enrolment of one hundred and fifty is the pioneer school, although it is only of^middle standard. It has a fii^e staff of Christian teachers and Miss F. C. Martin, who has had charge for the past three years, writes: “The past year has been a good one along every line of work. The two girls who were baptized have continued to grow in the Christian faith and are a real help and blessing in the school. The attendance has had a steady growth, and we see both on the part of the girls and their parents a desire for education, and what is still better, a realization that education should be something more than being able to read a book.”

SANGLA HILL.

Equipment—Two residences; Girls’ Boarding School with residence; several buildings and residences for workers in villages. Sangla Hill lies between the mission districts oi Lyallpur and Khangah Dogran. It was opened in 1901, and the first mic- sionaries to reside there were Dr. and Mrs. A. B. Caldwell and Miss Kate A. Hill. Before this, work had been carried on in the district by the Lyallpur district missionaries. The district forms a part of the richest farm land of the Punjab, and is irrigated by the Chenab Canal. The area is esti­ mated at 800 square miles and the population at 220,000. Most of it is within the bounds of Lyallpur tehsil. O f this tehsil we ob­ tain the following information from Government reports; Wheat is the principal crop grown, 283,000 acres being sown in 1911- 1912. There are 55,000 low caste people, of whom 34,000 have not embraced any of the great religions; 14,000 have become Christians, 6000 Mohammedans and 1000 Sikhs. Thus about 25 per cent, of these have been won for Christ. Among the three 166 India— Sangla Hill. principal religions, the people are divided as follows: 222,000 Mohammedans, 82,000 Hindus and 78,000 Sikhs. Three and a third per cent, of the people are literate. A scor^ of language» áre spoken, hut that used by the majority the people is Punjabi. Sangla Hill has the distinction of having been the scene of a great battle between Alexander the Great and the tribe then pc- cupying the city and n eigh b orh o^ J V J j^ ‘defied his Ganges, it was^rej^f ^ „ ^ s i o n . He at once returned to Sangla fronTthe banks of the Ravi near Lahore, and attacked them. As there was not room in the city to afford protection to all the people of the neighborhood many of them gathered on a hill of solid rock two hundred and fifteen feet high and about a mile in cir­ cumference which lies near the city. From this they made their first defense, but were soon driven within the city’s walls. Then the city walls were breached, several thousand Indians were killed, and 70,000 taken prisoners. The place was visited later in A. D. 630 by the Chinese pilgrim and historian, Hwen Thsang, who found the walls of the city completely ruined, but the founda­ tions still remaining. The hill referred to is the one from which Sangla takes its name and stands directly in front of our mission compound and residences.

EVANGELISTIC. In the absence of a regular staff of missionaries for the dis­ trict since 1916, proselyting sects such as the Salvation Army, the Roman Catholics, Peter’s Men, the Seven Brothers, Jesus’ Army, the Brethren and the Seventh Day Adventists h^ve done real harm to the work. Regular teaching has been kept up in about two thirds of the villages in which there are Christians. The opportunity for the preaching of the gospel is greater than ever. Among the low caste tribes the door is wide open. The Mazhabi Sikhs (low caste people who have adopted the Sikh faith) are ready and waiting to be taught, and a great work could be done if teachers were available. Twenty-five years ago, through the net work of canals, physical life was brought to this land which was until then only a desert. Now the opportunity to bring the water of life to dry and parched souls is at hand. The organized church work consists of two congregations Sangla Hill and Shahkot. In Sangla congregation the work has been proceeding about as usual. There was a great deal of sick­ ness and many deaths among the members and also in the pas­ tor’s family during the influenza epidemic, and this has had its effect on the work. Regular teaching in the villages of the con­ gregation has been difficult. The pastor’s salary is largely paid from missionary and mission funds. The grace of giving is no* India— Sangla Hill. 16 7 ■very well developed. In Shahkot the work has gone back. Dur­ ing the year the pastor left because of lack of support. Efforts are being made to get some one to take his place. The difficulties here are as in other places, the poverty and ignorance of the people, who live from day to day a hand-to-mouth existence, and thus have little to spend for spiritual things. One encouraging thing is that many of those who went over to the Roman Catholics and the Salvation Army are returning to our mission that they may be taught and cared for. Women’s Work.—Work among women in this district has suffered greatly because there'have been no district lady mission­ aries residing here for the past two years. A zenana worker is. needed for the town of Sangla Hill. Many people live here who* have moved in from other places where they were visited by Bible women or missionaries. These welcome us and should have regular visitation. During the last summer eighteen of the sur­ rounding villages and about twenty homes of non-Christians in: the city were visited by Miss Hamilton. In some places the- women have been taught and in many places they ask for teach­ ing.

EDUCATIONAL.

Girls’ Boarding School.— Miss Flora J. Jameson reports that during the last three years there has been a steady increase in the school enrolment. There are now one hundred and forty-five boarders and three day pupils. The standard of the school has been raised from the fifth to the eighth grade, and although the- needed equipment has not yet been provided, fifteen girls are studying in the new department. There has also been some in­ crease in the Government grant-in-aid. Three years ago eighty- one rupees per month were received. Now we are getting Rs. 102. As in former years malaria has been the school’s most con­ stant though very unwelcome visitor. This last year came the in­ fluenza epidemic, and during it sixty-one girls were sick at one time. However, only nine or ten of these were seriously ill, and it was the Father’s good pleasure to spare them all. When the epidemic had passed the girls were tremendously impressed with the fact that although in outlying villages scores had died of the disease, from the school not one was taken. They asked to be allowed to give a special thank-offering and their Christmas of­ fering of fourteen rupees was the result. When asked what should be done with this money they of one accord said, "Let us use it for the help of those who have been widowed and orphaned through this epidemic.” At the last communion nine girls were received into the church. In the case of two of these girls there was a question whether or not they should be admitted. It seemed, however, un­ 168 India— Sargodha. wise to refuse them and the real growth manifest in their lives has made it plain that no mistake was made. The spirit of cheerful giving has not diminished. How far to encourage this desire to give is a problem hard to solve. Pen­ cils, paper, soap and other small articles must be bought from the girls’ small store of spending money, and few of the parents have much to spare. During the year the total Sabbath school, Christian Endeavor and thank-offerings amounted to 105 rupees. Village Schools.—The village schools in this district have improved during the last year. During 1916-1917 there were eleven schools with an enrolment of 147. W e have now eleven schools with an enrolment of 380. In April a school inspector was secured, and the work of the teachers has much improved. We have twelve teachers, seven Christian and five non-Christian. Two of the schools are drawing aid and we have made applica­ tion to the Government for five others which we hope will soon be receiving aid. The enrolment of Christian boys and girls has increased from fifty-nine to eighty-three and the number of boys reading in the Government schools from ten to fifteen. Very few girls are being educated. Only fourteen are at­ tending the village schools and about the same number the board­ ing schools. One frequently hears a remark like this. “ If we edu­ cate our girls we cannot get money for them when we marry them.” It is a sad condition, but it is something which only the power of the gospel will cure. Two hindrances might be mentioned regarding the work of the schools. First, the poverty of the people. Not only are the father and mother wage earners, but every child that is able to do anything such as herd cattle or bring grass is pressed into service. The more wage earners there are in the family the more there is to eat. High prices make their needs more pressing and the problem more difficult. Secondly, the inability of the people to appreciate the necessity of educating their children that the future generation may be benefited. They ask to be taken out of their servitude, yet they are unwilling to send their children to school that they may be educated and thus escape the slavery of their forefathers.

SARGODHA.

Equipment—Two residences; Women’s Hospital with residence for doctor; Girls’ school; a reading and lecture room used as a place for worship. In Bhera, one residence; a dispensary with ward for in-patients and residences for the staff; a reading room. In Malakwal, a dispensary building.

“ Once upon a time,” long years ago, there lay in this region a great expanse of barren country. Could the eye travel so far, it would have seen the Chenab River in the east, and through the India— Sargodha. 169 center of the plain the Jhelum, rolling along on their way to the Indus River and the Arabian Sea. Except for the Salt Range, which crosses the northwestern part, the country stretches away in a great plain for about one hundred miles in one direction and fifty in the other. Here in this hot dry climate the scanty rain­ fall was altogether inadequate for the needs of man and beast. The cattle thief roamed at will over the unwatered plain, graz­ ing his cattle on the shrubs that dotted the Waste land, or on the grass that sprang up after the infrequent shower. Here ranged the tiger, leopard, hyena, wolf, jackal, deer, and other wild ani­ mals. As the rivers changed their courses lowering the water level, the wells became useless and the inhabitants were forced to desert their villages and build new ones. Hundreds of mounds, the ruins of these deserted villages, are the only record we have of those early days. But lo! the scene has changed. No longer do great stretches of waste land greet the eye; no longer does cattle thief or wild animal hold undisputed sway. The rivers still flow on, but their waters have been turned into canals that carry life and prosperity wherever they go. It is a beautiful scene as one stands on any eminence and looks away to miles upon miles of cultivated land, with fields laid out in almost geometrical precision, with rows of trees, with prosperous villages, and the silver ribbons of num­ berless water courses disappearing in the distance. The Government reclaimed much of this territory through the Lower Jhelum Canal, and with the increase of water supply, the population increased, until now 815,000 people inhabit an area of 5930 square miles. The Mohammedans comprise 83 per cent, of the population, the Hindus 15JA per cent, and the Christians \*/2 per cent. Punjabi is the language almost universally spoken. It dif­ fers somewhat in different parts of the district, but one well ac­ quainted with Punjabi can easily make himself understood any­ where. Sakesar in the northeast is a summer hill station nearly 5000 feet high, and the detached hills of the Kirana Range rise ab­ ruptly from the plain, south of Sargodha city. “These Hills ap­ pear to be an advanced outpost of the great peninsular rock system, much older than the Salt Range, and even than the mighty Himalayas, within sight of which they maintain an un­ daunted front.” The rainfall in this district averages only fifteen inches, and some years it entirely fails. The temperature runs high. To quote from the Gazetter, “ Some parts of the district are, in the months of May and June, among the hottest regions in India. In those months little rain falls, and the temperature rises day after day to 115 degrees or more in the shade, the average daily maximum for June being 108 degrees.” 170 India— Sargodha. The district was first visited by missionaries coming from Jhelum to tour in the villages. Then missionaries were located in Bhera, the district being called Bhera mission district. When the canal was opened, and the influx of Christians and Chuhras changed the center of importance for our work, the headquar­ ters were changed from Bhera to Sargodha city and the name of the mission district to Sargodha. It has been the intention of the mission to have two districts, North and South Sargodha, as it is impossible for one team to evangelize a district as large as Connecticut with nearly a million people, 92 per cent, of them living in villages. There have been so few ladies available, however, and there have been so many changes in the missionary staff, that we have not been able ade­ quately to man the two districts and maintain them as separate units. EVANGELISTIC. The Rev. J. A. McArthur reports: “ North Sargodha is com­ pelled to report quite a decrease in numbers. This is accounted for in various ways. Some have joined the Army, others have moved to new canal regions. Influenza carried off as many as a tenth of our Christians in some villages, there being from one hundred and fifty to two hundred deaths from influenza alone. Also there have been but few baptisms, as the class from which our converts usually come have practically all become either Chris­ tians or Mohammedans.” Dr. T. E. Holliday reports from South Sargodha: “ When I came to this field two years ago, Mrs. Holliday and I spent our first winter in camp, getting a cursory acquaintance with the district and people. We held five communion services. As com­ munion had not been held before in most of our camping places, it involved a great deal of labor to teach those who were to par­ take of the Supper, but the joy in their faces well repaid us for the labor expended. There were on the roll of the Christian community from over one hundred villages some 4500 names. The revised lists show only 2642. There has been a heavy stream of migration to new land opening up for cultivation. A num­ ber have returned to their former homes and one hundred and twenty-four, or eight per cent, of the membership, have died dur­ ing the past year. I find Roman Catholics in about fifty villages. The presence of these proselyters in our midst makes discipline almost impossible. They are a blight and a heavy handicap on our community unless we look upon them as a help in drawing off the more worldly minded, those not willing to exert them­ selves to learn and to grow in grace. “ During the past year the vacant congregation has secured a pastor and a new congregation has been organized. A seminary graduate, looking to his people for maintenance, has taken charge India—Sargodha. 171 of a group of villages with fair chance for success. The paucity of workers leaves many villages without any one to lead them in worship even on the Sabbath. We have baptized about one hundred and fifty children and a few adults in the two years and there are some two hundred and fifty other children in the Chris­ tian homes awaiting this ordinance. In most cases the parents — tn intelligently assume the responsi­ bility involved in presenting their children rui baptism. Still I have had several very helpful baptismal services. Pray that men suitable for the eldership and some who will become faithful, soul- loving pastors may be found for this needy people. Our people have given about Rs. 550 for Christian work the past year. They have many faults, but are rich in possibilities of good.” There are many instances of interest and even eagerness in the reception of the gospel message by non-Christian men. There is a spirit of inquiry that was not present a few years ago. The manifest hunger of soul is not confined to any caste or community, but is quite universal. Many seem to lack only the courage to come out. Some others are so rampant in their opposition and denunciation that it is evident they are fighting the truth in their own hearts. Mr. McArthur says of the need in one section of North Sargodha: “How true today are the Master’s words, ‘Lift up your eyes, and look on the fields, that they are white already unto harvest.’ At Bhera, the largest city of this district, we have had a house vacant for ten years, as we have not had the mis­ sionary to locate there. Bhera is a city of 16,000, certainly a large enough field to appeal to any one. Not far away is Miani, a place of nearly 6000 people, without a single Christian or any one to go to them with the gospel; numerous villages line the road on both sides between these cities. The thirty miles of the main road between Bhera and Shahpur, the old civil district center, are dotted with villages. Multitudes are all about us for whom Christ gave His blood on Calvary. Ascending to the Father He left us to complete His work of redemption by proclaiming to a lost world His wondrous love and grace. ‘Carest thou not that these perish ?’ ” Dr. Holliday tells of a trip along the canal west of Sar­ godha of more than fifty miles, and at its end he still lacked twen­ ty miles of reaching the border of the field in that direction. He says: “ Once when we had lost our way it was not easy to de­ cline the hearty offer of the Janglis to lodge us for the night, since we were twelve miles from camp. Then months later I visited these people and sold them a full New Testament and other books. In one village after telling the way of life to a large group of Janglis, one of them said to us, ‘Since the days of Adam down to this time no one has ever brought us this mes­ sage. Why have you come now?’ And what fit reply could I 172 India— Sargodha. give to that group and to thousands of others, without God and without hope, in the immense stretches of Sargodha territory ? Will the reader at home send the answer and speed up our share of the 407 ? In this campaign, time is vital. If we are to reach the multitudes of our generation we must make haste. Even of our Christian membership eight per cent, have this year passed away. If judgment begin at the house of God, w h a t shall be the Cud o f t h e m that o b e y n n f «-1—* guspu ui UOu f" Women’s Work.— The women’s work suffered very heavily in the death of Mrs. Holliday, a most valued worker, who was permitted to give one short year to Sargodha’s women and then was taken away at the close of the year. Mrs. Shahbaz, the wife of the famous pastor and poet, who has given us our Punjabi Psalter which is being used throughout the entire Punjab, carries on valuable work in Bhalwal. She is running a little dispensary and is a most successful Bible wo­ man. Their son, Joseph, is an Indian officer in one of the Chris­ tian battalions and is a spiritual leader as well. In regard to the work among Christian women, the Misses Ruth A. Wamock and Martha J. Strong report: “Our work has been the usual round of villages day after day, the usual round o f line upon line and precept upon precept, monotonous in the tell­ in g , but so necessary. There is a great indifference and little real spiritual hunger. W e can only pray that something may come to awaken them out of their apathy and self-sufficiency. In each Village we have tried to teach something that would really stay with the women and be a help to them in their daily lives, but o ften it seems almost hopeless, for they are so ignorant, so blinded to spiritual things. Superstition in one form or another still has a strong hold on many of them. The greed for land has been a very great hindrance in the lives of our Christians, but in many villages visited of late we have found less mention of it than for­ merly; and in some places where the people seemed dead be­ fo re, we find signs of new life. In many places all over the dis­ tric t the tide seems to have turned and to be moving toward b etter things.” Considered with regard to the non-Christian world, the in­ fluence of the Christians has often been good. In the part of the country where the Christians live we nearly always find a wel­ come among the non-Christians, and sometimes find those who h ave been definitely influenced toward Christianity. A Sikh woman came to the camp accompanied by her little boy. Sur­ prised at seeing that the boy’s hair had been cut, the missionaries asked about it. The mother said. “We do not want him to grow up a Sikh, but a Christian.” This was the influence of t.he Chris­ tians in the village where she lived. Another instance of the sam e was when a great spirit of inquiry was found among the non-Christians in one village. Words of appreciation of the India—Sargodha. 173 Christians were heard on all sides. “ Why, Sahib,” said one old Sikh, “they do not lie and fight and steal as they used to do. We can depend on them now as we could not before.” The yearly presbyterial is a great occasion for the village women. All through the year they talk of it and look forward to it. It is held every spring in Sargodha. On the appointed day, companies of gaily dressed women may be seen coming toward the city from different directions. A few come by train, a few on springless ox-carts, but the majority walk, some as far as twenty or thirty miles, carrying a baby or two on their hips, and a little food tied up in a cloth on their heads. They can often be heard singing the Psalms as they come along the road. The thank-offering is one of the most interesting parts. Some­ times there is a little rivalry, mostly good natured, on the part of different villages to excel one another in the size of their of­ ferings. They are interested too in the reasons given for being thankful. But best of all is the story-telling contest. For two years prizes have been offered to the women who can recite ten Bible stories, and this year a prize was offered also to the teacher who had the most women win prizes. Excitement runs high and the interest is so great that neilher dogs nor babies distract the attention of the women. Among the non-Christian women the work is very encour­ aging. Open ears and open hearts are met on all sides. While in parts of the district, where the camp has seldom or never been, there is sometimes not the cordial reception that we meet in the other parts, yet a few minutes’ visit with the women seldom fails to be followed by a hearing of the message and a request for us to come again. Often the story of the sufferings and death of Christ brings tears to their eyes. At one village a Hindu woman came to the camp for medicine. She could read, and knew much of the story of Christ’s birth. One day she told us with tears in her eyes that she was one of two wives and that her husband cared nothing for her. “ Give me some book,” she said, “ that will speak words of comfort to me.” She went away after get­ ting a copy of John’s Gospel. Two or three days later, with a changed face, she said, “That book contains very sweet and comforting words.” We recently visited a city, one of the largest in our district, but one we had not been able to visit for years. As the story of Christ was being told one afternoon to some Mohammedan women there were frequent expressions of ap­ proval and finally one woman said she believed on Christ. She said a woman missionary had visited them some years ago and told them about the Saviour. “ One soweth and another reapeth, but God giveth the increase.” 174 India— Sargodha. EDUCATIONAL. In North Sargodha: “ The school work also has suffered because of the shifting population. In one place where we had quite a prosperous school the Christian renters’ lease on the land expired and they were compelled to move away and the school had to be closed. In another village where we had a good build­ ing and a most efficient teacher, the Government took over the village for settlement to army pensioners, so the people had to move to another place and the school was broken up.” In South Sargodha: “ O f the six schools three have done well and the attendance has increased. Two have barely held their own and will likely have to close owing to the opening of op­ position schools. The Christians have been tried out with a teacher in two other villages, but their lack of response has com­ pelled the closing of the schools. In a new canal region, where labor is scarce and wages high, it is difficult to keep the schools up to the proper standard. The value of education is too little appreciated by the village Christians. Still the enrolment has been 262, with 73 Christian boys and 46 Christian girls in the number. Government aid has been over Rs. 400 yearly.”

MEDICAL. Medical work is carried on in this district at Sargodha, Bhera, Bhalwal and Malakwal. The work at Sargodha has suffered from the lack of con­ tinuity in management and because now, for nearly four years, there has been no resident missionary physician. During 1916 the hospital work was carried on by Indian compounders and nurses under the care of Dr. J. P. Simpson, who lived at Jhelum, one hundred and twelve miles distant, and had to make a journey of ten hours by train to visit the work. Then early in 1917, be­ cause of the shortage of workers and the difficulty of supervis­ ing the work at that distance, the hospital was closed. It was reopened after nearly a year, with an Indian assistant surgeon and other helpers, and with a resident missionary, Miss Laura Cleland, in charge of the institution. One does not need to be connected with a hospital long to realize something of the need of the women for medical aid. The terrible condition of some of the women as a result of the work of ignorant practitioners fairly makes one sick. The Inspectress of Hospitals after visit­ ing "this institution reports: “ The buildings are suitable for a good zenana hospital, which is much needed in Sargodha, there being no other women’s medical work in the district. If the mission can undertake to supply the need adequately, there will be no necessity to build a female department in the new Sargodha Civil Hospital.” W e are hoping that the close of the war and India— Sialkot. 175 the release of doctors from France will make one available for Sargodha Hospital. In Bhera Dispensary the work continues to be carried on with conscientious care, as in years past. An assistant surgeon, a compounder, and a Bible woman, Miss Aldridge, comprise the staff. “The number of patients treated at the Bhera Female Hospital was 97 per cent, of the urban female population of the tehsil, which shows clearly the great service rendered by the Mis­ sion.”— (Shahpur Gazetteer). The encouraging feature reported from Bhera is the work among the children. While the Bible is always read to the women and some of them listen well, yet the greatest interest is manifested by the children who are very fond of Bible pictures and some of them even after an interval of some months can tell the stories they have heard. Through the generosity of a gentleman in California a dis­ pensary is being carried on in Malakwal, an important railway junction. This work, under an Indian doctor, is doing much, not only to relieve physical suffering, but also to witness for Christ and to commend the gospel to the non-Christians.

SIALKOT.

Equipment—One residence; Christian Training Institute with resi­ dences for manager and headmaster; Memorial Hospital; Eliza­ beth Gordon Home in which is residence for the doctor; Girls* Boarding School with residence for the manager and women missionaries for the city; Boys’ High School; two churches.

In the central part of the Punjab, in India, are located Sial­ kot city and district. The city has a population of about 60,000, consisting mainly of Mohammedans and Hindus, but with a few Christians and representatives of other religions. The district of which our mission has charge, covering an area of 400 square miles, has a total population of 264,000, made up of Megs, Bhat- wals, Doms, Chumars and Chuhras in addition to the Mohamme­ dans and Hindus. All of these have their separate dialects of Punjabi. This is especially noticeable in their religious vocabu­ laries. In most of our Sialkot villages the Mohammedans predom­ inate, and in practically all of them are found some Christians who are usually the servants of land owners. The number of Christians in a village may vary from one family to thirty or forty, according to its size. Here, as in everything else, the rules of caste obtain, and the Christians are compelled to live in quar­ ters entirely separate from the village proper, although their one-room houses are often of the same style and size as those of their employers. These villages are so compactly built that one may go from one end to the other on the house tops. The Christian women are responsible for keeping clean the village 176 India— Sialkot. courtyards, where the cattle are tied, while the men usually work in the fields. Sialkot is a familiar name to all in our Church, for it was here that Dr. Andrew Gordon founded the mission in 1855. Since that time many changes have taken place and thousands of doors are now open, so that not only may the name of Christ be preached practically everywhere, but many come asking to hear of Him. EVANGELISTIC.

As we look over the record of three years of evangelistic work, we can only praise the Giver of Good for His manifold blessings and care. Through our praise runs a note of sadness for those who have been interested and fallen away, for those who have never cared, and most of all, for those who would care if there were some one to teach and lead them. Visiting from house to house in the city, preaching from village to village, teach­ ing the Bible in Sabbath and day schools, selling Scriptures, tell­ ing the “ old, old story” in connection with medical work, all these go on from tent and residence day after day, winter and summer. Owing to the pressure of work among the more than 4000 village Christians, we are able to give but scant attention to the non-Christians. Some of these, however, in each village attend the services for Christians, and others come to the tents in large numbers. So we are able to give them the message. We long for our share of the “407” so that all these may have a fair chance. Misses Henrietta Cowden and Harriet G. Jongewaard and Rev. and Mrs. W. M. McKelvey all testify to the wonder­ ful readiness and even eagerness which the Mohammedans show for the gospel message. This is also evidenced by the large num­ ber of Scripture portions sold. The written word has never been so popular as now. A young Mohammedan at the tent the other day said before a crowd, “Whenever we get together these days, we Mohammedans are saying to each other, ‘Let us become Chris­ tians.’ It is only our mistaken idea of what you have meant by Jesus being the Son of God that has kept us back.” Since Christ­ mas a Sayyid (descendant of Mohammed) and his wife have been with the camp. The Sayyids are worshipped and supported by their religious adherents, and in turn give them charms and perform incantations for them. This couple first heard of the “ way” in Gurdaspur. They were sufficiently convinced of its truth to turn over their house to relatives and set out to know the way more perfectly. They are learning rapidly and with joy, and are almost ready for baptism. Nearly every day high class Mohammedans come to dispute, question, or revile, but he firm­ ly gives a reason for the faith that is in him. Evangelistic Campaign week has been the most striking fea­ ture of the past two years in the evangelistic work of Sialkot Two Religious Teachers in India i . At the right, Maulvie Khuda, a convert from Mohammedanism a. Mosque School with Maulvie (Mohammedan teacher) on the right India— Sialkot. 177 city. Bazaar preaching to large audiences in various parts of the city has been one outstanding characteristic in this co-opera­ tive effort, whilt another has been the large number of gospel portions sold. A remarkable accomplishment last year was the sale of five hundred and sixty-four Bibles, New Testaments and portions by one of our workers during five days of the campaign week. Through the generosity of a liberal member of the Church at home, the Sialkot congregation has now been provided with two attractive substantial church buildings. These are both so situated that they serve splendidly the needs of our Christian community and also afford centers from which evangelistic work may be developed for Hindus and Mohammedans. In the First Church regular Sabbath and mid-week services are conducted by the pastor. In the other, known as the “Jubilee Church,” ser­ vices are being carried on regularly by volunteers from the First Church. In the work among village Christians there has been much to encourage as well as many discouragements. Many show little real heart hunger for the word of God. Centuries of mental sluggishness and their condition as hard-worked, underfed serfs make it difficult for them to throw off the age-long inertia of the East. Nor do they find it easy to forsake their evil marriage customs and superstitious rites. Many of the people, however, have broken entirely away from their heathen practices. Roman Catholics seem to be losing some of their hold cn the people. Mr. McKelvey writes that, during a three months' absence from the field, not a village yielded to the efforts of the Roman Catholic priest. Some who formerly were proud of being Roman Catholics are now ashamed to own it. Rev. Gulam Masih, the only pastor in the district, has not been able to get his full support from the people of his congre­ gation. War and influenza have decreased the earning member­ ship, and famine conditions have sent others to seek employment elsewhere. Some progress has been made in learning Bible stories and we always expect to find a band of eager Psalm-singers in the villages where a worker lives. Considerable interest has been manifested by the workers and their families in the three annual Bible schools, in which the books of Genesis, I. Peter and Acts respectively were taught. In addition, there has been the daily period for learning the Bible stories which they must later teach in their villages. Another interesting feature of the work has been the teaching of the regular course of study in Bible and Church Government laid down by Sialkot Presbytery for the elders. W e give God the glory for what has been accom­ plished during the past three years. His Kingdom is coming. Women’s Work.— Miss McCahon reports that she and the Bible women have been cordially received everywhere in the city. 178 India— Sialkot. The Bible lesson is prized by the Mohammedan women. A num­ ber of New Testaments and Scripture portions have also been sold in the zenanas. As yet we have few Hindu homes on our list. W e need a special worker who knows their customs and manner of thinking. In a few cases, we have met with a peculiar difficulty. There is an idea prevalent among the Moslems that if a woman changes her religion it is equivalent to a divorce from her husband, so women have come to us desiring to be made Christians who have had no knowledge of or faith in Jesus. In­ vestigation has shown that since man’s privilege of divorce through simply pronouncing the words “ I divorce thee” was de­ nied them, they have tried to make use of this way of ridding themselves of undesirable husbands.

EDUCATIONAL. Village Schools.— Concerning village schools, Mr. McKelvey writes that the war has taken several of his best teachers, but bovs are in training to take their places. Although the school work is prospering, yet there is only one in ten of the Christian boys and girls of school age attending anywhere. He says, “ I should like to have twenty more schools if I had the men and money.” One of the big problems is to get the parents to see the need of educating their boys and girls either in the village or boarding school. However, there is a marked increase in the attendance of Christian boys and girls. In one instance, twc small girls walked with their brothers and cousins over two miles to a village school. This is wonderful in India. City Girls’ School.— Mrs. C. A. Stewart writes of the city girls’ school, that there has been good work on the part of the headmistress, who took a year recently to complete the senior training course. Last year the teachers, with one exception, were Christians. The Mohammedans did not like this at first, but have later seen that the trained Christian teacher from a lower caste is much superior to the old style untrained high caste teacher. Miss McCahon hopes to have a little school for women and girls in each of the nine wards of the city where Christians live. A description of one such school shows their value. She says: “ In one ward there was a school for boys and the teacher’s wife could read a little. I engaged her at a nominal salary to teach the women and girls what she knew of reading, also the Apostle’s Creed, Lord’s Prayer and Ten Commandments. It was uphill work and the so-called school was opened and closed several times ere it began to look like a successful undertaking, but as a result of this woman’s efforts six girls have entered the girls’ boarding school and four others, now married, are able to read the Bible intelligently.” India— Sialkot. 179 Sialkot City High School.— The opening of a Mohammedan high school four years ago, together with a sustained effort based on religious prejudices to take Mohammedan boys from our school, reduced our enrolment from seven hundred to less than five hundred. The work in the classroom, however, as tested by Government examinations and inspections, has been good. In the examination for scholarships with six high schools and several middle schools competing, our candidates secured, one out of seven in 1916, three in 1917, and two in 1918. Writing of the work for 1917, Mr. Laing, the former man­ ager, says: “ The number of Christian boys attending the school is gratifying. These come mostly from the city congregation. One boy now in the first class of the high department stood first in the middle department for three years. Another, now in the first middle class, took one of the Government scholarships. The Christian boys are thus winning their way and earning the re­ spect of their fellow students.” Again he writes: “Every day the Christian teachers meet at recess and pray for definite blessings for the school and congregation.” Christian Training Institute.—The triennium under review has been one of growth and reorganization. To meet the various needs of the mission and Church, the course has now been so arranged that up to the end of the eighth grade only vernacular • subjects are taught. For those studying further, higher classes have been opened to give four years of work in English, fitting our boys to enter the freshman year at college. The total enrol­ ment of Christians during the past ye^r has been nearly 300, and of Hindu and Mohammedan pupils, 70. The highest number of Christian boarders has been 120. A staff of 17 is employed, led by one of our strong: Christian young men as headmaster. All but two of the teachers are trained, certificated men. Of the students appearing in 1916 for the departmental examination, 13 out of 15 passed, and in 1917, 15 out of 17. This year we are sending up a class of 23. Both last year and the year before, normal classes have been maintained in which teachers are trained for our village schools. If we had a service flag it would have almost one hundred stars. As privates, non-commissioned officers, motor car drivers, and in the medical corps and in clerical departments, our Chris­ tian Training Institute boys have loyally served their king and empire. For the enlargement of the school, thirteen and one half acres of land have been secured, and plans are now being completed for the new buildings. This additional land will also make it possible to give employment to the students by using much of it for gardening. They will thus be able to earn a much larger part of the expense of their education and will become more in­ dependent and self-respecting. 180 India— Sialkot. The school has an organized congregation, and one hundred and thirty boys and young men have been received into church membership in the three years. Groups of the boys have gone out regularly on Sabbath afternoons, sometimes walking ten or twelve miles, to teach in the villages of the district. In. one vil­ lage the Christian community was won back from the Roman Catholics by the faithful teaching of these boys. In the Evangelistic Campaign of Synod too, it was a pleasure to lead enthusiastic groups of students to the villages nearby and to the bazaars of the city, to preach Jesus Christ and sell Gospels to the crowd that gathered. Girls’ Boarding School.—Throughout the past three years, there has been much evidence of God’s blessing on the school work. The boarding school has been crowded each year, the capacity having been fixed at one hundred and fifty girls. The staff has seen few changes. Seven of the teachers are Christians and all of these have normal training. The school has a two years’ course of its own for normal training in the vernacular, graduating this year seven trained teachers. In the middle de­ partment eighteen girls will appear in the final examinations in March. The remarks made by the inspectress, after each annual inspection, have been most encouraging. The girls have been im­ proving in general deportment. Knitting and other war work has been done. All have given liberally and willingly to the new church building fund, the Red Cross, Home Missions, Bel­ gium Relief, and other objects. The teachers and some of the classes, from their ow n earnings, furnished mats and curtains for the new church. One class of little tots undertook to pay for the washing of the curtains for a year. The general health has been good, but we did not escape the influenza scourge. O f the sixty seizures, four died and several .have been left weak; three have developed tuberculosis.

MEDICAL. In 1916 Dr. Maria White completed thirty years of service In Sialkot Memorial Hospital. The work was handed over to Dr. Wilhelmina J. Jongewaard when Dr. White went on furlough at the beginning of 1917. The staff has been kept up to the standard, but a very great need is felt for a good superintendent of nurses. Our nurses’ certificates are not recognized by the Government because we have no such superintendent. Mrs. James has had charge of the Bible work in the dispensary and inside the hospital, while Mrs. Albert has endeavored to follow up the work by visiting the patients in their homes in the city. The opportunity for evangelistic work is boundless in a mission hospital. Patients, almost without exception, will listen to what is said. W e often relieve both mental and physical suffering. This increases faith in the missionaries and mission work. We India— Zafarwal. 181 pray that this service may eventually lead to faith in the mission­ aries’ God and Saviour. Many calls in the city and vicinity have been answered by the doctor, as she has had opportunity, in ad­ dition to the multitude of daily duties in the institution. Besides, she has been called to go anywhere and everywhere all over the mission, for you will remember that for two years we have had but one foreign doctor to take care of the four hospitals and seven dispensaries, the four girls’ schools and the missionaries in a dozen stations. O f course, she could not do it all. To do the work properly we need trained nurses from home and also more doctors. There are times when even our missionaries, though dangerously ill, must be neglected on account of our lack of physicians and nurses. During the camping season the district missionaries treat many .more patients than the average practitioner at home. The need of the poor women and babies is too great to pass by with­ out an effort to help them with the few simple remedies a lay doctor does not fear to use. Mrs. McKelvey writes from Sialkot district: “ The dispensary tent is a busy place in our camp. We amateurs feel that aside from the relieving of physical suffer­ ing, the justification foi our attempting to give medicines is that it is a means to an end. This service brings many to hear of Jesus. Not one drop of medicine is given, not one eye treated, not one ear syringed, not one sore cleansed, without the way of salvation for sinners being pointed out.”

ZAFARWAL.

Equipment—Three residences and a church.

Zafarwal, which means the place of victory, is the head­ quarters of the present mission district of that name, with an area of 588 square miles and a population of 271,000. A little more than half of the people are followers of Mohammed, and most of the remainder are Hindus or Sikhs, while the baptized Christian community numbers over 4000 or about \ J/2 per cent, of the whole. The name of Zafarwal appeared often in the ac­ counts of the mission’s early days, for near Zafarwal, in the fourth year of the mission’s history, began a remarkable move­ ment among the people of the weaver community, the full story of which forms one of the most interesting and important parts of Dr. Andrew. Gordon’s book, “ Our India Mission.” This move­ ment began in 1859 and brought into the Church a number of persons whose lives and influence have been an important fac­ tor in the development of the Indian Church. Zafarwal was not provided with a house for seventeen years after the movement referred to began, and did not rank as a regular station till 1882. 182 I n dia—Z afarwal.

One of the descendants of this community is at present Synod’s home missionary at Hafizabad, and of three who have graduated from Gordon College, one is pastor of Lyallpur con­ gregation, another professor of philosophy in Gordon College and the third headmaster of the mission school in Jhelum. An­ other was made chaplain of the Indian troops in Mesopotamia during the war and died there after serving less than a year. In nearly all the districts of our mission are men and women from this community engaged in mission work. A striking figure from another community in Zafarwal is the Rev. I. D. Shabbaz, who has done excellent work in preparing successive editions of the Psalms in meter in both Urdu and Punjabi. Several revered names are connected with the past history of this station. Dr. J. S. Barr and Dr. Samuel Martin were the pioneers, and they were followed by Dr. W. T. Anderson and Rev. Robert Reed McClure. The names of Miss Kate M. Corbett and Miss Susie A. Young also will always be remembered among those who have had a part in the work for women. The war and its outcome are bound to have a far reaching effect on our work in the years to come. From its inauguration in 1914 till the end of the last German offensive, there was a great deal of conjecturing among the villagers as to how it would end. O f our Christian young men about seventy-five joined the army, but the absurd and viciously invented rumors that were rife were of the most unsettling nature. One encountered them in almost every village, and would be closely questioned as to the progress of events. Allied reverses were often exaggerated into defeats and routs. When victory came, there was the same disin­ clination to accept the truth. Some even yet aver that the report of the defeat of Germany is forged. The appalling ignorance of the people wholly unfits them to comprehend the facts of the past four years and to appreciate the meaning of victory. Prices have been abnormal throughout the war and have not yet subsided. Owing to the failure of the rains, famine threatens to a greater or less de­ gree. The influenza epidemic swept the villages with great vio­ lence and in some places ten per cent, of the people died. The gen­ eral offerings of the Christians have greatly fallen off owing to the hard times, but the women’s thank-offerings the last two years have exceeded those of previous years.

EVANGELISTIC. Our time throughout the triennium as in previous years has been given chiefly to the Christian community. Almost the only direct work done for the non-Christians has been that of the Evangelistic Campaign weeks of the last two years. During the campaign we have gone exclusively to Mohammedans and Hindus in centers out of the course of our usual itinerary journeys. One thing worthy of mention is the spirit in which the workers have India— Z afarwal. 183 engaged in these campaigns. They went out daily to speak of Christ to the non-Christians. They had not previously been very eager to do this sort of witnessing, and it has been a source of blessing and strength to them. Of course, in going among the Christians we are often brought into contact with non-Christians in the places where the Christians live, and many such occasions have been improved to speak of Christ’s Kingdom and His claims. Much of the old bigotry that hindered the gospel in the early days has disappeared, but there is an equally great difficulty to be met in the unspiritual state of the people, their lack of any great desire for soul rest or purity #of heart, and their satisfaction with themselves and their old faiths. Only the operation of the Spirit of God can awaken them to a proper realization of their hopelessness. While they generally admit that they have little hope, yet the admission seems merely a mental one. W e have been impressed much of late by a few marked instances of the unapproachableness of the Hindu mind in its complacency and self-congratulation on hav­ ing the right view of deity, soul and matter. One feels that in talking to a Mohammedan he has a common starting-point at least. The great problem in talking with the Hindu is to find any basis for a beginning. He often denies the sinfulness of sin, the unity of God, the immortality of spirit and personality, and the future existence. Only the power of God will produce re­ sults with either class. This is the greatest need we have and only through intercession shall we succeed. The multiplicity and variety of duties that daily meet us almost forbid the engagement in this work for non-Christians as our hearts desire. The securing of workers of high spiritual­ ity is of the greatest importance in its accomplishment. Till we have them, we who are so few must divide ourselves around as best we may and allow much to go undone that our hearts yearn tc. see accomplished. Zafarwal will never be properly manned with missionaries till it has at least three more ordained men and six more women. No marked progress can be reported in organized Christian work except the steps toward preparing a new eldership. Owing to the lack of men ready to take up the pastorate, no new settle­ ments could be effected. W e have undertaken, however, to train men to assume the responsibilities of ruling elders. For this we have attempted to have the people select young men of some edu­ cation who have hitherto shown keenness in learning the Bible. Quite a number are now pursuing Presbytery’s four years’ course in Bible knowledge. This seems the right basis on which to be­ gin congregational work. To this foundation can more easily be added later the pastoral relation when the men are forthcom­ ing. The pastoral office calls loudly for men of deep consecration 184 India—Home Mission Work in Mianwali. who are ready to endure hardship and privation for the sake of the infant church. Women’s Work.— Mention should be made of the acceptable work being done by the two Bible women in and around the city of Zafarwal. They go principally to non-Christian homes and teach the Bible to over a hundred of the women regularly. In addition to this the ladies of the station go to homes in villages near to Zafarwal during the hot weather.

EDUCATIONAL. One of the greatest hindrances to the progress of the Chris­ tian community is the unwillingness of the people to educate their children. This is especially marked with regard to the girls of the family. There are striking exceptions, however, like the following. A certain family had sent two of their girls to one of our boarding schools, but both of them died before complet­ ing the primary course. Nothing deterred, the parents later sent their remaining two daughters to the same school, though we might have expected them to have attributed theif loss to the adoption of a new precedent in educating their girls, as no one in their village, Christian or non-Christian, had ever sent a daugh­ ter to school. One of the remaining two died in the school dur­ ing the influenza epidemic. When we carried this heavy news to the parents, and her grandmother began the customary wail, the girl’s father said, “ Hush, God has taken our little one. Is He less able to care for her than we ?” The number of boys’ schools in the district is twenty. There is also one girls’ school. The total enrolment is 621, of whom 30 are girls, 269 of the pupils Christian. Zafarwal district leads the mission in the number of boys attending the Christian Train­ ing Institute. This is especially creditable, showing sustained effort in getting boys pushed through into the middle course. Another Zafarwal boy has entered college and feels called to enter the ministry. Several others are about ready to enter the high school. O f the twenty-one teachers in this district, sixteen are Christians, leaving only five non-Christian teachers in mis­ sion employ. THE SYNOD’S HOME MISSION WORK IN MIANWALI AND HAFIZABAD.

Padri Yusaf is in charge of the Mianwali work, which is indeed a labor of faith in one of the hardest parts of India. He comes from the despised outcastes, but has proved to be a man of character and power. He went into this city as almost the only Christian, but has now gathered around himself a little church of sixty-six members, mostly converts from the humble G r a v i-: ok R. W . Ttdrick India— Home Mission Work in Mianivali. 185 ever, for he has sold gospels, has preached and taught in the city and in the district, and has been faithful in personal work, presenting the plan of salvation to large numbers of Hindus and Mohammedans. A notable convert from among these has just been baptized in Rawal Pindi. He comes from a well connected, wealthy family, but counted these things well lost that he might win Christ. While in Rawal Pindi he heard that his wife was will­ ing to join him but was being prevented by force, so Mr. Hein­ rich and Miss F. C. Martin decided to visit the village with him and see what could be done. It was like the return of the Prodi­ gal Son. Everybody in the village embraced and welcomed him. Then the relatives began to come, among them his old mother with his little four-year-old son. The missionaries had brought a picnic lunch, and he sat down and ate with them in the pres­ ence of his caste friends. The party had been guaranteed pro­ tection and a body of Pathans escorted them constantly. When they spoke to the father about the wife going with her husband, he assured them that he would cut her head off rather than allow her to do so. He said, “You people are worse than the Germans. They only cut our heads off, but you cut our hearts out.” Final­ ly the convert gathered up his little son and announced his in­ tention of taking him with him. This was clearly his right by civil law, but precipitated an assault, and for five minutes there was a lively scrimmage. The old grandmother and the mother were both so distressed that the missionaries persuaded him to leave the child with his people for the present. O these terrible family separations! The Government has rewarded Padri Yusaf for his assis­ tance in recruiting by a gift of four squares of land, 112 acres. As in Old Testament times temporal prosperity was a sign of God’s blessing, so has He rewarded this faithful and obedient servant. A second home mission field has been opened in Hafizabad with Padri Ganda Mai, one of the sons of Kanaya, whose in­ teresting story is found in “ Our India Mission,” in charge. He is living in the city with Hindu neighbors on every side, and most friendly relations are maintained. He carries on regular preach­ ing work in the city and surrounding villages and does personal work as opportunity offers. Last year there were 43 baptisms; of these 24 were adults and 19 children. He sold 11 New Testa­ ments, 579 Scripture portions, 300 religious books and 2000 pic­ ture Bible stories. All around, the horizons are widening and the educated mem­ bers of the Indian Church are becoming more and more inter­ ested in establishing independent missionary work. Pray for these Indian comrades stationed in hard places. Ask that they 186 India— Evangelistic Campaign. may be filled with abounding hope by the power of the Holy Ghost, and comforted in loneliness by the presence of the Lord. THE EVANGELISTIC CAMPAIGN. There is perhaps no more promising movement for the evan­ gelization of India than the Church’s evangelistic campaign that is sweeping from one end of the land to the other. Our Synod’s first campaign was launched in 1916 and carried out in the win­ ter and spring of 1917. There was a little opposition in the Synod to taking up this movement on the ground that men avail­ able for leadership were working to full strength and capacity in their regular work. By far the larger number, however, felt that the campaign should be undertaken. Tamil David, who had spoken with power at the Sialkot Convention, was procured as evangelist. Emphasis was laid on prayer and preparation. Meet­ ings were held in all the principal centers with results depend­ ing largely upon the extent of preparation and expectation. Lyall- pur City and Gujranwala City especially were stirred up and in the joy of service there was a foretaste of what was to come. On the last day in the Gujranwala campaign every one was en­ listed and the church was advancing with a united front. The 1917 Synod was enthusiastic over the work done and the new committee was able to profit and build upon the experi­ ence of the previous year. Emphasis was again laid on prayer meetings and Bible study. Each presbytery was given large free­ dom in carrying out the general plan of the campaign, but Synod’s committee urged that workers be not called from one field to another, but that each district use the forces available at home. There was a marked growth in both the strength and influence of the work. In Gurdaspur the workers estimated that they preached to over 13,000 people. Sixteen hundred Scripture por­ tions and New Testaments were sold. The note of joy and con­ fidence was again strongly pronounced. In Rawal Pindi still larger numbers of people heard the gospel and 1150 Gospel por­ tions and New Testaments were sold. On the last day of the special week a procession was arranged through the bazaar with music and banners and preaching and book selling. About sev­ enty men took part. Almost the same number were in the bazaar helping every day during the week. Gujranwala, Jhelum, Zafar- wal, Khangah Dogran, Sialkot, Pasrur and Lyallpur also re­ ported enthusiastic efforts and copious sowing. The ideal set forward for the 1919 campaign is every Chris­ tian taking some part in work for non-Christians. Conferences are being held for encouraging and training workers. As a re­ sult of the volunteer effort being put forth inquirers are com­ ing in encouraging numbers. The sale of Scriptures has in many places doubled and the morale of the Church is improving. The non-Christian strongholds in North India will never be able to stand against a confident, trusting, advancing Church. India— Sialkot Convention. 187

THE SIALKOT CONVENTIONS OF 1916, 1917, 1918. A convention has been held each year of the past three in the closing days of the month of September, each continuing for seven days. They have been times of real spiritual refreshment, and many souls have been blessed by attending them. As one looks back there were no special outstanding characteristics to distinguish them from one another, yet each was unique in its way, and brought its own peculiar blessing. Of the first, Rev. B. B. Roy, of the Saharanpur Seminary, was chairman; of the next, Dr. Rockwell Clancy, of the Methodist Mission, and of the last, Rev. A. G. McGaw, Presbyterian missionary of Etah. Each presided with special fitness. In the first convention under review the subject was “ The Kingdom and the Coming of the King;” in the 1917 Convention the subject was, “The Holy Spirit and Service,” and in 1918 the subject was again, “ The Second Coming of Christ.” The English meetings have always been among the most important ones of the convention. Rev. Stanley Jones took a good part of these meetings in the last two conventions and brought real living messages of great power on our obligation to Christ to live the Spirit-filled and Spirit-guided life; the life of victory and personal work. Tamil David spoke with great per­ suasiveness to the English-speaking Indians of his audience. The sectional meetings too were times of great heart searching. The prayer-rooms for men and women were open night and day and many knelt together long into the night in intercession. These things marked all three of the conventions. Nearly every convention of the last few years has experi­ enced some interruption through the fall of rain. This last year again on the Sabbath that came before the closing day, just at the time of the morning Bible study, a heavy storm of rain burst in torrents on the thin canvas roof protecting about six hundred worshippers. Soon the cloth at the peak was rent by the wind, and water began to fall inside. But the audience rose to its feet and sang Psalms of praise with a volume that well-nigh drowned the peals of thunder, and the harder the rain beat above their heads, the louder rose the songs of praise. At last praise was triumphant, the clouds passed over, and a gracious time of wait­ ing on God ensued. “ I will triumph in Thy praise.” To sum up briefly what these last three conventions have meant to the Church in India, for their influence now extends far beyond the bounds of our own particular field, we may say they have greatly quickened the faith of God’s people, clarified their vision, brightened their hope, inspired them with new love to Jesus Christ, shown them the more excellent way of service by love, unified and united His disciples who before were strang­ ers to one another, increased their prayerfulness, made their sal­ vation more real, and taught them to long for souls. 188 India— Tamil David.

TAMIL DAVID IN THE PUNJAB. W e first made the acquaintance of Tamil David at the time of the Sialkot Convention of 1916, where God through His prov­ idence brought him and used him for His own glory among His people who gathered from all parts of the Punjab. He was there with us only seven days, but he left such a deep impression upon the minds of the people that many longed to see him work in their midst for a longer period. God granted the silent wishes and prayers of His people and brought him back two months and a half later, when he worked for about two months in the differ­ ent parts of the Synod. Tamil David is a devout student of the word of God, large portions of which he knows by heart. He preaches only the pure truths of the Bible and quotes verses with surprising ac­ curacy. He once said to me, “ The Christians ought to know their Bible by heart and meditate over what they have read.” His life is prayerful. He communes much with God, much of his time while in private being spent on his knees. Once while traveling to Sargodha, he and I were alone in the compartment. He at once knelt and prayed and three stations passed while he was in the same attitude. The noise of the people at the sta­ tions and the mmbling of the train never seemed to disturb him. I never found him engaged in vain talk. Although sixty-five years of age he is a tireless worker. During his two months’ stay in the Punjab his average amount of preaching was five hours a day, and with all that he showed no signs of exhaustion. His doctrines are sound, accurate, helpful, and based on the truths embodied in the Bible. He is very hard upon sec­ tarians and those who emphasize only one phase of Scripture teaching and neglect others that are related to it. His talks were very clear though they were sometimes on deep and difficult themes. The subjects of his talks were usually such funda­ mental ones as Sin, Sinners, the Saviour, Christ, Prayer, The Holy Spirit, Heaven and Hell. He brought home to people their special sins and never beat about the bush. His speeches before non-Christians were very powerful He showed them that their religious teachers were not saviours, be­ cause they, unlike Christ, are not sinless, are not ever-living, are not God and man, have not died for sinners, and do not invite sinners to trust in them for salvation. Not a voice was raised in opposition to what he said regarding Christ’s supreme claims. Many stood up openly to get forgiveness through Christ, and tnany others who had not the courage to stand up were convicted of their sins and seemed to long for such a Saviour. A non- Christian said to me, “ There is something supernatural in Tamil David which goads him on to preach so effectively.” No lawyer, doctor or teacher, and no high Hindu or Mohammedan official O ki-i o n s o k m i - - I n i i i a n C h r i s t i a n P r n .i a hi R i i;i m k n t India—Punjab Christian Soldiers. 189 had the courage to speak against what he preached because he preached nothing but the truth. Not only is he is good preacher, but he is an excellent teacher as well. He led preachers’, teachers’ and evangelists’ meetings at different places and showed how to study God’s word and present it to Christians and non-Christians with good results. May the Lord raise up many more such as Tamil David for the praise of the glory of His grace in the Punjab.

OUR PUNJABI CHRISTIAN SOLDIERS. These are crucial days in the life of nations. No tribe is too remote, no heart too sluggish to quicken to the impulses and higher aspirations for which men died in this war. To the Pun­ jabi Christian the war meant another opportunity for racial and social advancement, and it has been seized with success beyond the expectations of their fondest well-wishers. Only the added impulse of a great religious awakening could possibly account for the fact that one of the lowest castes of India, which previous to this world war was barred from the army, should rise in so short a time to second and third place in proportionate enlist­ ment in districts like Gujranwala, Sialkot and Gurdaspur. A generation ago it would have been incredible and impossible. Our Christians being peaceful tillers of the soil hesitated at first to enter this open door, but once a start was made, en­ listing became popular, and almost 6000 were under arms, be­ sides the many who enlisted as transport drivers, hospital assist­ ants, laborers and clerks. The Young Men’s Christian Associa­ tion and Chaplaincy services attracted some of the finest Chris­ tian manhood of India, and as a result the returned non-Chris­ tian soldier is today the most inviting field in all India for evan­ gelistic effort. Such a Christian hero and crusader was Rev. James Ganda Mall, beloved of foreigner and Punjabi, who made the supreme sacrifice while serving as Chaplain in Mesopotamia. Our Punjabi Christians while low in the Hindu social scale are nevertheless hardy sons of toil, inured to hardship, and of good physique. Nor are the non-Christian branches of this caste without military traditions. The Mazhabi Sikh, of Chuhra extraction, has fought with distinction in many wars for king and country. Of the 71st Punjabi Regiment the general of the Southern Army made this comment, “ Most satisfactory unit as far as training is concerned, men a good sturdy lot, of a good class.” Although the war ended before the Christian regiment, the 71st Punjabis, reached the front as a unit, yet about a thou­ sand Christians actually were sent to Mesopotamia in various units. One hundred Punjabi Christian hospital bearers were with Allenby in the great crusade, and were considered by the officers the best hospital unit in the army. One colonel of long experience with the non-Christians was amazed at the truthful­ 190 India—Punjab Christian Soldiers. ness of our men. Another crusty old colonel could not stand a Christian boy as orderly because he was so meek and obedient. He returned him to the ranks, but afterwards secured him a commission. Although of many denominations, the Christians were “Iron­ sides,” roaring Psalm singers. On an all day parade in South India when asked to sing, they struck up with hearty cheer, “ Christ is the King of Glory.” Other Psalms followed. Well pleased, their reviewing general called a subordinate and asked what these songs were. “ Psalms of David, sir,” replied the cap­ tain. “ No, but these martial songs?” said the general. Again the same reply was given, but the fact was too much for the general’s comprehension, and is doubtless to this day discredited by him. When called upon by officers in South India to sing the songs of the Punjab, the boys sang the 24th Psalm. “ But,” said the officers, “we want your national songs.” The boys gave them Psalm 122. Again the officers insisted on their national airs. “ But, sir,” respectfully replied the United Presbyterian sepoy, “these are our national songs.” The prowess of the boys in athletic events came as a sur­ prise even to the missionaries. In the Gujranwala camp the Christians would take everything until they were regularly hand­ icapped when competing wTith the non-Christians in athletic events. Among the officers are Joseph Shahbaz Khan, a worthy son of our poet translator, and Khazan Singh, a converted Sikh and son in the faith of the late W. E. Nicoll. The changed aspect of our boys after receiving the army training and diet is revealing the unsuspected wealth lying unde ­ veloped in these mud houses of the lowly. Again the outcaste has made good at a man’s job and re­ assures us all that sooner or later a Joshua will arise and lead him out of the wilderness into the “promised land.” India—Summary of Statistics. 191 SUMMARY OF STATISTICS. INDIA. I. FIELD. 1916 1917 1918 Number of square miles ...... 24,223 24,223 22,159 Total population ...... 5,443,095 5,443,095 4,768,000 Total number of cities ...... 35 35 35 Total number of villages ...... 9,339 9,339 9,339 Total number of cities and villages where there are Christians ...... 1,567 1,610 I,6j7 Total Christian Community ...... 61,452 59,852 59,098 II. W ORKERS (on the field). AMERICAN: Number of Ordained Missionaries ...... 23 25 19 Number of Laymen Missionaries...... 1 4 4 Number of Married Women Missionaries .... 19 21 18 Number of Unmarried Women Missionaries.. 37 35 31 Number of Medical Women Missionaries .... 3 I 1 Number of Short Term Teachers ...... 1 0 0

84 86 73 INDIAN: Number of Ordained Ministers ...... 48 49 45 Number of Licentiates ...... 15 14 13 Number of Theological Students ...... 22 13 7 Number of Colporteurs ...... 6 8 6 Number of Bible Women ...... 3i 29 34 Number of Christian School Teachers...... 230 252 251 Number of Medical Assistants ...... 30 38 42 Number of Other Christian Workers ...... 106 125 137 Number of non-Christigr J’hool Teachers.. 199 226 228

687 754 763

III. CH'^k CH. Indian Ministers— Pastors and Stated Supplies ...... 35 35 33 Missionaries of the Synod ...... 1 1 2 Professors in the Seminary ...... 1 1 I Bible Teachers ...... 1 1 I Evangelists ...... 9 9 8 In Y. M. C. A. Work ...... '...... 1 I 1 With the Indian Troops in Mesopotamia.. I

49 46 Number of Ministers Ordained during the year 4 3 1 Number of Ministers Deceased ...... 1 1 4 Number of Ministers dismissed to other de­ nominations ...... 1 1 Number of Pastors installed ...... 3 Number of Congregations ...... 65 66 71 Number of Congregations organized during the year ...... 1 2 5 Number of Congregations dissolved during the year ...... 0 1 ■ 0 Number of Congregations having Pastors ... 36 35 33 192 India— Summary of Statistics.

1916 1917 1918 Number of Pastoral charges ...... 58 63 63 Number of unorganized Mission Stations ---- 92 99 98 Number of other places where services are held 327 297 279 Total Membership ...... 31,996 32,557 31,376 Increase by Profession ...... 1,499 i ,539 1,780 Increase by Certificate and Restoration...... 2,943 2,457 3,133 Decrease by Death ...... 793 797 3,452 Decrease by Removal and Suspension...... 2,342 2,638 2,642 Net Increase ...... 3,135 561 Net Decrease ...... 1,181 Number of Adult Baptisms ...... 1,052 928 1,274 Number of Infant Baptisms ...... 1,581 1,297 1,826 Contributions from the Indian Church : For Missions ...... $1,007 $873 $822 For Pastors’ Salaries ...... 2,691 2,598 2,528 For Synod and Presbytery...... 193 231 248 For General Purposes ...... 1,727 2,208 2,255

$5,618 $5,910 $5,853 Number of Congregations self-supporting 32 28 22 IV. SABBATH SCHOOLS. Number of Sabbath Schools ...... 192 195 170 Number of Officers and Teachers ...... 312 352 326 Number of Pupils ...... 6,097 7,157 6,977 Contributions ...... $452 $523 $519 V. YOUNG PEOPLE’S SOCIETIES. Number of Societies ...... 38 31 26 Number of Members ...... 1,239 1,080 698 Contributions ...... $57 $55 $52 VI. WOMEN’S MISSIONARY SOCIETIES. Number of Societies ...... 33 25 24 Contributions ...... $383 $318 $314 VII. SCHOOLS. Number of Theological Seminaries ...... I I Number of Colleges ...... i I Number of High Schools for Boys ...... 3 3 Number of High Schools for Girls ...... I i Number of Middle Schools for Boys ...... 5 5 Number of Middle Schools for Girls ...... 3 3 4 Number of Industrial Schools for B o y s 1 I I Number of Primary Schools for Boys ...... 154 177 171 Number of Primary Schools for Girls ...... 19 18 22

188 210 209 Number of Students in Theological Seminary.. 23 15 9 Number of Students in College ...... 174 157 176 Number of Boys in High S ch ool...... 2,573 2,374 2,683 Number of Girlsin High School ...... 102 114 143 Number of Boysin Middle School ...... 1,375 1,456 1,740 Number of Girls in Middle School ...... 732 641 971 Number of Boys in Industrial S ch ool...... 56 58 53 Number of Boys in Primary School ...... 5,965 6,195 6,850 Number of Girls in Primary School ...... 970 1,044 950 Total number of Pupils in all Schools...... 11,970 12,774 13,575 India— Summary of Statistics. 193 1916 1917 1918 Total number of Christian Pupils in all Schools; 3,679 4,124 3,913 Number of Missionaries in School Work___ 21 18 12 Number of Indian Teachers ...... 429 478 479 Total expenditure on Schools ...... $74,257 $79,531 $89,802 Income from: Fees / ...... $17,667 $17,729 $19,989 Government Aid ...... 21,553 22,067 23,313 Industrial Earnings ...... 2,402 3,684 3,670 Special Gifts ...... 4,539 6,540 9,067

$46,151 $50,020 $56,039 Total paid from Mission Treasury for Schools.$28,106 $29,511 $33,763 VIII. MEDICAL WORK. Number of Hospitals ...... 4 4 4 Number of Beds ...... 189 129 137 Number of In-Patients ...... 1,577 1,086 1,041 Number of Operations, Major ...... 306 h i 170 Minor ...... 1,058 701 1,083 Number of Dispensaries ...... 7 8 8 Number of Out-Patients, New ...... 52,776 39,582 41,556 Return Visits ...... 98,571 73,126 71,729 Total Expenditures on Medical Work ...... $11,052 $12,112 $12,705 Income from : Fees ...... $1,043 $1,022 $1,111 Government Aid ...... 1,330 1,613 1,638 Special Gifts ...... 118 822 1,091

$2,491 $3,457 $3,840 Total paid from Mission Treasury for Medi- cal Work ...... $8,561 $8,655 $8,865 [X. ZENANA WORK. Number of Bible Women ...... 31 29 25 Number of Zenana Visits ...... 8,644 8,762 7,169 Number of Hindu and Mohammedan Women under Instruction ...... 1,242 2,025 2,322 Total expenditure on Zenana Work ...... $1,529 $i,547 $2,022 Income from Sale of Books and Special Gifts 652 318 457 Total paid from Mission Treasury for Zenana W o r k ...... $877 $1,229 $1,565 X. READING ROOM AND BOOK WORK. Number of Reading Rooms ...... 9 8 8 Number of Colporteurs ...... 6 8 8 Number of Bibles and Portions sold ...... 10,470 11,289 12,690 Number of other books sold ...... 4.198 4,634 6,285 Total expenditures on Book Work ...... $1,080 $1,312 $1,376 Income from Sales of Books and Special Gifts 445 463 559 Total paid from Mission Treasury for Book Work ...... $635 $849 $817 KI. BUILDINGS. Church Buildings erected during the year---- 0 2 3 School Buildings erected during the year___ 12 3 2 Other Mission Buildings erected during the year ...... 4 2 4 Total cost of buildings erected during the year ...... $2,517 $7,727 $972 194 India—Summary of Statistics.

XII. FINANCIAL SUMMARY. 1916 1917 1918 Amount received from Indian Church and People : For Church Work ...... ------$5,618 $5,910 $5,853 For School Work ...... 17,667 17,729 19,989 For Industries ...... 2,402 3,684 3,670 For Medical Work ...... 1,043 1,022 2,201 For Book Work ...... 397 559 $27,230 $28,742 $32,272 THE

Triennial Report

O F T H E

American United Presbyterian Mission

IN

TH E SUDAN

1916—1918

Sudan— Introduction. 197

INTRODUCTION.

The years covered by this report have been full of stirring events elsewhere, but in the Sudan there has been peace and quiet, and all of our work has proceeded without interruption, and often with the marked approval and blessing of the Father. During the beginning years there have always been friends standing by with their sympathy and prayers and contributions. We are grateful for these. The former years were necessarily taken up with explorations, plans for occupation, and the work­ ing out and testing of these plans. The reconstruction of a country that had been reduced to chaos, has been a slow, gradual development. Even after twenty years no one can form a reliable forecast of the shifting of cen­ ters of population and trade, which must be met by missionary operations. Sometimes these changes bring new opportunity and often the upsetting of previous policy. It is worth while to note that the financial prosperity of the country has been remarkable and has been a surprise even to those who were most optimistic. From beginnings not worth mention­ ing, the foreign trade this year (1918) has amounted to about $40,500,000, very nearly equally divided between imports and exports. Railways have been extended and other means of trans­ portation and communication increased. A great scheme for irri­ gation has been pushed forward in spite of war conditions, and commercial and trade activities have been put on a real instead of a fictitious basis. All these things have helped to hasten the de­ velopment of the country and to produce a state of prosperity never before realized in the Sudan. And it all affects the work of missions very greatly. Wages have doubled, and salaries have increased from forty to sixty per cent, and prices to several times what they were before the war. , ' 198 Sudan— Introduction. But in all these years of change a few things have become plain. First of all, that the mission has been gaining a place in the respect and sympathy of those with whom we have had to deal. This is partly due to the position our nation has taken among the other nations and the admiration felt for some of our statesmen, and partly to the missionaries who have been win­ ning for themselves the confidence of the people and their rulers. A high official speaking of one of our missionaries said, “He is the most Christ-like man in dealing with the people that I ever knew.” Through all the changes in condition and in the personnel of the mission force, the field has grown ever wider to our vision and the need greater. The lack of forces is the recurring note in this report. This is not a complaint, but a simple statement of fact. There is opportunity which we have not been able to meet. Again it is most apparent that there is a growing spirit of co-operation with the other evangelical agencies at work in the Sudan, the Church Missionary Society and the Sudan United Mission. There is such close fellowship and co-operation that there is no overlapping or duplicating of work in any part of the field. A deep regret is that we have received so little consideration from the Synod of the Nile. W e had hoped that the pastors and people of the Evangelical Church of Egypt might get such a vision of their opportunity as would lead them to take a large part in the work of evangelizing the Sudan. Sudan— Stations of Missionaries. 199 *

STATIONS AND MISSIONARIES.

Khartum (1900)— Capital of Egyptian Sudan. District: Province of Berber, Blue Nile, Dongola, Haifa, Kassala, Khartum, Red Sea, Sennar and White Nile. Area, 490,700 square miles. Population, 1,015,970. Over 99 per cent, are Moslems and less than one per cent. Christians, mostly Copts. Language, Arabic, less than V/2 per cent, are literate. Missionaries—Rev. and Mrs. R. L. Edie, Dr. and Mrs. J. Kelly Giffen, Rev. R. F. Shields, Rev. and Mrs. G. A. Sowash, Miss Sara I. Dight, Miss Elsie E. Grove, Miss Emma M. McKeown. Doleib Hill (1902)— On the Sobat river about 530 miles by river south of Khartum. District: Part of Upper Nile, inhabited by Shullas and Dinkas. Area, 16,200 square miles. Population, 151,73,5 (esti­ mated). Almost wholly pagan. Languages, Shulla, Dinka, Arabic. Practically all illiterate. Missionaries—Dr. and Mrs. P. E. Gilmor, Air. and Mrs. C. B. Guthrie, Rev. and Mrs. D. S. Oyler. Nasser ( 1913)—On the Sobat river about 700 miles by river from Khartum. District: Part of Upper Nile province, inhabited by Nuers. Area, 16,200 miles. Population, 151,735 (estimated). Almost wholly pagan. Languages, Nuer, Arabic. Practically all illiterate. Missionaries— Dr. and Mrs. T. A. Lambie, Rev. >and Mrs. P. J. Smith. 200 Sudan— Doleib Hill. DOLEIB HILL.

Equipment—Tw o residences for missionaries.

The period covered by this report has been one of unusual unrest and excitement at Doleib Hill. There have been tribal feuds and strife and quarreling. The staff of workers, too, for much of the time, has been too small to cope with all of the problems and difficulties that have come up for solution.

EVANGELISTIC.

The feud among four of the neighboring villages has had a great influence on the work of the mission. Starting from a trivial cause—the possession of a cow— it grew until the men were afraid to leave their villages, and resulted in the death of several and the wounding of many. The men of the different factions were supposed to kill each other on sight, and so they were afraid to come to the mission, and for some time the audi­ ences were composed of women and children. The Shulla’s war code prevents his fighting against women and children. Three villages were ranged against one, but now one of the villages is trying to withdraw from the quarrel and apparently succeeding. The men from that village and the men from the smaller faction are now able to come to church, so the attendance is increasing again. During the feud the missionaries found op­ portunity to show the spirit of Christ in ministering to the wounded and those in distress. Village preaching was made more imperative by the people being kept away from the mis­ sion, and many heard the word in their villages who might other­ wise never have come within reach. Another event of interest was the building of the new church. It was first used in September, 1918. In building it native ma­ terial was used as largely as possible, and Mr. Guthrie, who had charge of the building operations, has succeeded in putting up at a very reasonable cost a commodious church building well adapt­ ed to the needs of the station. The average attendance at the church has been 46; at Failo, 153; at Ofado, 28, showing that the attendance in some villages is larger than at the church. The size of the audiences addressed each Sabbath has steadily increased, and the number of baptized converts has increased from one to three. More people are seek­ ing instruction than at the beginning of the period. A Sabbath school has been started and is now doing well. The average attendance for the year was fourteen, eight boys and six girls. During the first year those who attended regularly numbered six, but this year (1918) they numbered ten, and each one of these was willing to lead in prayer. Greater interest was Sudan— Doleib Hill. 201 shown after the school was divided into two classes. The first convert took charge of the older pupils. A few of the people seem to be breaking away from their old customs. One young man who has worked at the mission was seriously ill. His father desired to consult a witch-doctor, but the young man objected and none was consulted. When the young man recovered the witch-doctor asked him for a cloth and he asked why it should be given. The witch-doctor intimated that his power had effected the cure. The boy became angry and wanted to know if it was also his power that had caused the sickness. For a few moments the witch-doctor was afraid that his head might come into violent contact with a club and threw himself on the ground and begged for mercy. At another time while the people were preparing for battle five young men with­ stood these medicine men. Another indication of progress is found in the reception accorded the missionaries when the}^ go to the villages. The new king of the Shullas has visited the mission, and he seems to be friendly. We hope that his influence may have a good effect on the mission work. He has increased the punish­ ment for certain offenses, which is a step in the right direction. We are praying for the time when the whole tribe will turn to the Lord. The^few who have come out from among the people are urging their friends to come to Christ.

EDUCATIONAL. School work has been most difficult to establish in the south for various reasons, chief of which is the lack of interest on the part of the people. This seems to be due to the depths of their ignorance and the untutored condition of the whole race. There is no object lesson from among their own people to which appeal can be made and the lack of trained helpers from among them we all deplore. Mr. Oyler reports: “The school work carried on heretofore has been for the first convert, Nyidok. He is now able to read a little, but he cannot be said to be fluent. He knows enough, however, to be able to help a little in teaching the children. This year we have been giving lessons to the children living on the compound and Nyidok has assisted us in this work. The regular lesson period is in the afternoon, and the place of meeting is in the quarter occupied by the workmen. We have no school room, but meet in the open. We are always ready to teach the people who work on the place, but insist that they attend regularly and show some aptitude for acquiring knowledge. Four from among the laborers have taken lessons during the year. “ The children from the villages are not usually willing to attend, except when they are working at the mission. This year, however, three boys came in from one village. One attended a 202 Sudan— Doleib Hill.

few days only, and then returned home to come no more. An­ other said he wanted to be taught, but that he was required to herd the cattle four days, and then had four days free from work, and proposed to come on his free days. He has been coming regularly ever since, and has been making good progress in spite of the fact that he can only attend half the time. The third boy has been attending regularly and making marked prog­ ress. One or two who have been at the Hill for medical treat­ ment have attended, but very irregularly. The average daily attendance has been about six. “ The Shullas as a rule do not seem to care for education. They say that it is not a thing of their ancestors, or in other words it is a thing unknown to the tribe, and, therefore, why should they bother about it. They have shown more interest this year than I have ever known before. W e trust that it may be a foretaste of a deeper interest in the years to come.”

MEDICAL. The Medical work at Doleib Hill is in an encouraging con­ dition. At the beginning of this period Dr. C. E. Wilkerson came newr to the work and for some months was the only missionary at the station. There were two Christians at the station and Abbas, the only one with whom Dr. Wilkerson was able to com­ municate in a common language, ended his life in a very tragic way. Abbas wras a Fur boy who had been converted in the early days of the mission. A very pathetic letter written just before he took his life revealed the fact that his mind was unbalanced, and that even while he was contemplating the deed, he was hold­ ing on to his faith in Christ. Abbas’, father and mother had been killed during the last days of the Mahdi’s reign at Khartum, his little sister had been lost, and his brother taken by their former master. Abbas was found by the missionaries attempting to make a living along with two other boys, and became a servant. He had a bright mind and learned rapidly. He redeemed his brother from slavery by the payment of one hundred dollars of his hard earned money. He learned to speak English and the language of the Shullas and married a Shulla girl. During Abbas’ life his wife evinced no interest in his newly found Saviour, but since his death she has become a good Christian woman and their children have been baptized. The death of Abbas was a' blow to Dr. Wilkerson, as it was to all of us, and it left him alone and very lonely for a time. His health failed and he was compelled to return to America in 1917. The attendance at clinic had been fifty to seventy-five daily. A native whom he had trained was able to do some work under the supervision of the missionary, but the medical work was without a physician until the arrival early in 1918 of Dr. P. E. Gilmor. Sudan—Doleib Hill. 203 When the news of Dr. Gilmor’s arrival spread among the vil­ lages, many sick people were brought to the clinic for help and the people continued to come until the rains started. Most of the patients who come have been treated by the witch-doctors, and the treatment has been a failure. One native said that he did not think that a single patient came to the mis­ sion doctor without first going to the witch-doctor, except the few who live on the place and those who meet with accidents. While the witch-doctors are working, the case is gradually getting worse, and by the time the patient is brought to the mission he is usually in a serious condition. Dr. Gilmor has given me the following report of his work since his arrival at the beginning of 1918: “ The medical work here at Doleib Hill covers a variety of cases and yet a close similarity is presented in a great part of them. “ Acute cases and many of the worst ones are neglected until they become chronic or too weak to be taken to the clinic by friends, with the result that with the exception of patients from the two neighboring villages who are seen in their homes or are brought by friends, most of the cases are chronic, and few op­ erating cases are seen, and those are mostly infected wounds. A few cases are seen of the minor, general surgery type. The people have not yet come to realize their need of early and regu­ lar treatment and are not vet really acquainted in person with the physician. Their confidence will probably increase when the same physician has been present for a considerable length of time and when they come to realize more fully their need of both spiritual and physical treatment other than superstitious practices o f medicine men and witch-doctors. “ About ten thousand treatments have been given during the year to five hundred patients. Some came from a distance, from neighboring provinces and from other tribes than Shullas, such as Nuers, and Dinkas, and others were passing Arab traders and sailors. “ These are all accustomed to using superstitious methods o f healing and have many other odd methods which are not en­ tirely superstitious. One day while passing through one part o f a village on my way to see a patient, we found that one of o u r patients who had been coming to the dispensary for eye treat­ ment was giving himself some personal care. He had taken some fo o d something like pancake batter, and had pasted it all over his face and head. This he said he had done to make his eyes better, although their trouble was that too much dirt had gotten into them and they had been badly infected. They were not im­ proved by his treatment. He was a peculiar sight, and probably could have frightened away many evil eyes that perchance wished to attack him. He has since given all of his physical woes to 204 Sudan— Khartum. better medical treatment, and all of his family early came for treatment, even for small ailments. “ However, they are not all so willing to heed advice given. A mother brought her daughter to the clinic one day because of badly swollen legs and abdomen. The child was probably nine or ten years old, and as is so often the case, did not obey very well. As it was a bad case of heart trouble she was told that she must remain in the hut all day and not even walk about. The mother stayed with her. She was instructed about the medicine and was supervised by a trusted mission servant. She was per­ fectly willing to have medicine, but could not be gotten to give it regularly, nor to take any real care otherwise. After several days of urging, of instruction, and of watching almost to com­ pel the patient to obey, and the mother to care for her, the latter decided that it was too much trouble, so she took her child home where she lived for only a few weeks. The parent could not understand that anything was neccessary aside from medicine, and that anything as difficult to follow as the instructions given was worth the necessary trouble. “The only thing that will overcome this attitude of mother and child toward each other and toward other people is Chris­ tianity.” While Dr. Gilmor has been on his vacation some work has been done, as his clinic helper, under the supervision of the other missionaries, is able 'to do considerable to relieve suffering. W e believe that the prospects for medical work among the Shullas are very bright indeed. The people are coming in greater numbers than ever before and in the villages one is asked to treat their sick. KHARTUM.

Equipment—Missionary residences; Khartum North; boys’ home; girls’ boarding school; boys’ school; Omdurman; primary school; Atbara; school building.

The Khartum station covers all of the work at the three chief towns— Khartum, Khartum North and Omdurman— and carries with it the supervision of all work in the North Sudan from Haifa to a rather indefinite line two hundred miles or more south of Khartum and east up to the Abyssinian border. In other words, it covers all the Mohammedan population of North Sudan and is nearly eight hundred miles long from north to south. In this territory the Church Missionary Society has work in girls’ schools only at Atbara, Khartum, Omdurman and Wad Medani. They have also a hospital at Omdurman, which has been closed for two years, as the physician in charge has been in Palestine in connection with the Red Cross. It will no doubt T h e B o v s ’ H o m e , K h a r t u m . S u d a n i. A Group of Small Boys with Miss Mary Ilahili 2. Boys and their British Soldier Friends Sud an— K hartu m. 205 be reopened in the near future. All of the evangelistic work in this vast region and all school work for boys has been left to our mission, as also much of the work for women. The district has two girls’ schools, one at Haifa and one at Khartum North, and four boys’ schools at Atbara, Khartum, Khartum North and Omdurman. At Khartum the school is conducted in conjunction with the Boys’ Home. W e have a fine property for medical work in Khartum North, four well built rooms and some out buildings, but it has been closed since 1913, as we have had no physician to take charge. The rooms that have been built are part of a well planned hospital. Both the need and opportunity are great and we long and pray for some one to take up that work. In view of what we have said of the field, we need hardly add that the staff of two ordained missionaries and their wives and two unmarried women has been unable to meet all of the requirements of the work, and that there are vast areas untouched.

EVANGELISTIC. Two licensed evangelists supported by the congregations which they serve and the Synod of the Nile have been in the field during all of this period. There were three during 1918. Besides these, during 1917 there were two evangelists employed by the mission and supported from a special fund, and during 1918 there wrere three, and for a part of the time four. O f the two hundred and twenty-seven members of the Church in the Sudan reported all but three are in this district. A very large proportion of those attending church services have been Egyptians, most of whom had some connection with the Evangelical Church in Egypt, and are in the Sudan only tempor­ arily, but we have had two adult baptisms. In Atbara, Khartum, Khartum North and Omdurman a large number of Mohammedan pupils from the schools attend the church services. In 1918 preaching services were conducted in .the school chapel at Khartum each Sabbath morning and each Tuesday evening. During the summer vacation the attendance at these services was not large, but since the opening of the school this fall, the average attendance at the Sabbath morning service, in­ cluding thirty Mohammedans from the Boys’ Home, has been one hundred and thirty-two. The offerings gathered in the Sab­ bath morning service during the year amounted to about $100. One girl from the school united with the church. Khartum is the only organized congregation in the Sudan and also has the distinction of being financially self-supporting. The preaching by a young man from Egypt, Azeez Tawdros, has been unusually good and very regularly kept up. He has also been faithful in his other congregational duties and his services deserved better results than were apparent. The congregation at 206 Sudan— Khartum. Khartum has become quarrelsome and that offsets the efforts of the best of preachers. They are abundantly able to support a pastor, but are not able to agree as to who "it shall be. God surely has a great work for this congregation to do, and will create within them a new spirit. At Khartum North there has been no special worker, and the preaching services have been conducted by missionaries and teachers of the schools, but the most important part of the work, the personal work, has been neglected. From thirty to fifty pupils of the Girls’ Boarding School attend these services, and of those received into the Church on profession of their faith, four have been pupils of the Girls’ Boarding School. One of these was formerly a Moslem girl. Quite a number of Moslem Sudanese women attend the church services. Khartum North seems to be approaching the stage for organization. From Omdurman Mr. Sowash reports: “ Never has the Gos­ pel been more faithfully proclaimed in Omdurman than during the past three years. During the first of these the services were largely conducted by Abadir Effendi Ibrahim, a theological grad­ uate and a man of blameless life and deep piety who did what he could to present the gospel to all classes. Following him came Tubia Effendi Abd el-Masih, which being interpreted means ‘Blessing, the Bond Servant of Christ.’ Tubia was born in Egypt, but his parents had been Sudanese slaves. He was educated through the kindness of a devout old elder in the Egyptian Evan­ gelical Church, who put him through college and the theological seminary. He came to Omdurman two years ago, having been previously about two years in the Sudan at Port Sudan and Atbara. He is a man of good appearance and very acceptable as a preacher. W e are hoping that it may be the will of the Master to use him as His chosen messenger especially to the black people of Omdurman and to the black tribes from one of which his ancestors were carried away as slaves. Will not those who read these words plead with the Lord that Tubia may be true to his name and bring countless blessings to these poor people ? “During the first two of these years under review two reg­ ular preaching stations were maintained, the second having been opened in a section of the city known as the Muselma quarter. This is about one and one half miles from the old meeting place, and is just on the edge of this populous district. This part o f the city is where the Mahdi and the Khalifa segregated all those who had formerly been Christians. All had become Mohamme­ dans; at least outwardly, with one exception, that being Father Orhwalder, a priest of the Roman Catholic faith. Those re­ maining of them and their descendants still reside in this quar­ ter, and they number not much short of a thousand, most o f whom have returned to their original faith. All of them are Sudan— Khartum. 207 sadly in need of instruction. This is the only opportunity that the most of them have ever had to hear the pure gospel of Christ. “ This new location is also on the edge of a large Mohamme­ dan quarter, so we hope that new life may here be brought to thousands. We are glad to note among the people of the Musel- nia quarter very much less prejudice against their Moslem neigh­ bors than we have ever noticed elsewhere among Christian people living in the midst of Mohammedans, and also less fanacticism ex­ hibited by the Moslems against the Christians. Those thirteen years of practical captivity brought the two peoples into such close con­ tact with one another that they seem to have come to understand each other in an extraordinary way. We are hoping that through these people of Muselma we may find entrance to many of the homes and hearts of the Mohammedans. “ The services were held in a private courtyard during the first year and a half, but now a site has been secured and a very simple meeting house is being erected. It is nearing completion and we hope that before long the services may be reopened with many in attendance.” Out Stations.— Of the out stations, Atban. and Wad Medani have been well served, and all of the others /nore or less neglect­ ed. At Atbara the school room in which the services are held is too small and in other ways not very suitable. The congrega­ tion had collected almost sufficient funds for a new church at the outbreak of the war when prices went so high that building had to be postponed. The meetings have been for most of the time very good, and there has been some progress and growth. Like nearly all of the larger centers, those who attend are em­ ployed in some sort of Government service, and are liable to be moved frequently, and this tends to lessen the growth of the con­ gregations. Wad Medani has been served by an evangelist for only two years of this period. The mission owns a small building here, and this is a great advantage. Wad Medani is the political center of a very fertile and populous district. In many respects it is one of the most im­ portant centers of all North Sudan. It is a trading center with Abyssinia, and on the highway to that country. Through this district the Government has projected a huge irrigation canal on which a considerable amount of work had been done before the war brought it to a standstill, but for which a loan of three mil­ lion pounds has now been secured, and no doubt work will soon be started again. It is almost imperative that we have a missionary stationed in Wad Medani soon. In the Dongola province work was begun about the middle of 1918, when an evangelist was sent to Merowe, the political center. He is meeting with unexpected success in becoming ac­ 208 S udan— Khartu m. quainted with the people. This province has been neglected only because there was no one to send there. Like Wad Medani it is a fertile province and there are a good number of Copts who have been there from away back before the days of the Mahdi. It has come within our recent survey for a complete occupation of the field, and a missionary is badly needed there, especially as it is difficult to visit it without spending some weeks in the journey. Haifa, which is the political center of the most northern district of the Sudan, has had preaching for only a few months of this period, and almost all the remainder of the district de­ scribed at the beginning of this report is left without any attempt to give the people the gospel. That is to say that the policy has been to concentrate in the big centers of population and from these to work out as we could. But little has been accomplished as compared with the opportunity and the need. Sabbath Schools.—The Sabbath school work has not been properly organized except at those centers where day school work provides the teaching staff and makes organization possible. Haifa and Atbara, which are far removed from any help or supervision from missionaries, have most interesting Sabbath schools. The pupils are almost all from the day schools. At Haifa they are largely girls and women, because that is a girls’ school, and there has been no preacher there to work among the men and boys. At Atbara it is the reverse. There is a boys’ school and the congregation has been supplied with a preacher all of the time. In Atbara, at a recent visit, we found more than a hundred in attendance at Sabbath school, while at the morn­ ing preaching service there were not more than sixty. The teacher of the day school was able to get many of his day pupils into the Sabbath school. The same is true at Haifa. At Khartum church we have not been able to organize a Sabbath school, but there is one in connection with the Boys’ Home. It is not large and is attended only by boys from the Home and day school. Contributions are naturally small, as all the pupils are poor. At Khartum North the boys’ day school unites with the girls’ day and boarding school and together they have a general review of the lesson. There are always some men and women also in attendance. The Sabbath school was closed during the summer vacation, but during the remainder of the year the average attendance was one hundred and twelve. Omdurman claims the banner Sabbath school of the mission Mr. Sowash reports as follows: “ It is a real pleasure to be able to say that we consider thf Sabbath school work at Omdurman as second to none in the Sudan. During the past years our attendance has risen frorr 20 to 100, with an average of nearly 60. The attendance varies greatly with the Moslem boys for the reason that occasionally G ir l s’ S chools in t h e S u d a n i. Girls and Teachers of Haifa School 2. Girls’ Boarding School, Khartum, North Sudan— Khartum. 209 opposition is encountered from some fanatical religious leader who threatens dire punishment on any Moslem who dare attend the hated infidel school. Following such an outburst we may have few Mohammedan boys, and on some occasions none, for a Sabbath or two. Usually, however, it is only a very few Sab­ baths until they return. It is a subject for special thanksgiving that recently quite a number of Mohammedan boys brought others who have attended regularly and have given the closest attention to the lesson. In a recent lesson these boys were great­ ly astonished that the missionary should teach that it was the duty of all boys to help one another. The golden text for that day was ‘Bear ye one another’s burden and so fulfill the law of Christ.’ When these boys were asked if they thought it was the duty of a Christian to help a Moslem or a Jew, or vice versa, they had no hesitancy in answering with an emphatic ‘No.’ Great was their astonishment when told that a true Christian must be ready to help anybody, no matter how poor or how bad or how sick, of whatever race or color or language or distinction. They have been taught to hate all Christians and that all Chris­ tians hate them. It is inconceivable to a Moslem that his God or his prophet could ever care for or love any but a Moslem, and very naturally he reasons that Christ does not love any but his own followers. The Moslem is taught from infancy to old age that hell-fire is chiefly for two classes of people, the ignorant and the infidel. “ We feel that about the only hope of getting people into the Church is through the Sabbath school. Just as the day school leads to the Sabbath school, so the Sabbath school leads to the Church.”

EDUCATIONAL.

In this district there have been six schools on which the mission has expended a good deal of money and labor. Two of the six schools are for girls. One is at Haifa, which we call the “ William Little School” in honor of the man who provided the money for the building. There the one Syrian teacher has done wonderful things and deserves special mention among all of our teachers. Through all of these years she has maintained the number of pupils at about eighty, and has trained her helpers from among her own pupils. She keeps everything in order and her pupils are models of neatness. The Governor of the province after having examined the pupils remarked: “ It is wonderful!' I do not see how she does it. The best part of it is that they are all so neat and clean and everything in such wonderful order.”' But to us a better part still is the Scripture lessons, the Sabbath school and the preaching services for these children, most of whom would otherwise be without instruction in the gospel o f Christ. 210 Sudan— Khartum. Girls’ Day and Boarding School, Khartum North.— A more perfect work is performed at the girls’ school, Khartum North— more perfect because of more favorable conditions. A boarding school always has the advantage over a simple day school in the closer touch with the pupils in their lives, and in having them re­ moved from the influences of home life which in non-Christian homes is almost always to the child’s disadvantage. At a recent meeting a missionary said: “ The Girls’ Boarding School and the Boys’ Home are our two most important institutions, which are destined to wield a profound influence on all of our work in North Sudan. W e have no other work which will compare with them in the extent of influence and the value of results.” The management of the girls’ school during the period cov­ ered by this report was necessarily interrupted, and the records were not kept for the entire time, but I append here Miss Grove’s report for 1918, which although an advance over the other two years, as should be expected, will serve for a fair estimate of period.

REPORT OF THE GIRLS’ DAY AND BOARDING SCHOOL, KHARTUM NORTH, FOR THE YEAR 1918.

Paying Day Pupils ...... 116 Free Day Pupils ...... 1 Paying Boarding Pupils ...... 45 Free Boarding Pupils ...... 45 207 Moslems ...... 98 Sudanese 48 Copts ...... 72 Egyptian 138 Protestants ...... 20 Syrian 13 Jews ...... 9 Abyssinian 6 Others ...... 8 Armenian 2 Fees from Boarding Pupils ...... $719.00 Fees from Day Pupils ...... 423.82 ------$1,142.82

These two hundred and seven girls have come in contact with Christian lives for at least a part of the year and have been under the direction of these Christian lives and have heard the word of life not only in the daily chapel exercises, but also in the daily Bible lesson in the various classrooms. Almost one half of them are from the class who despise the Christians, and yet they come to us to be taught not only book knowledge, but morals as well and how to live a cleaner and better life, and as they come to us they learn something of the One who gave Himself that they might have life. Since 1915 the number of girls has not increased greatly, but we need not seek far for the reason of this. Our school room has not increased since then and the teachers are fewer. The matter of the fees may also have something to do with it, for whereas in 1915 but one third of the boarding pupils paid fees, Sudan — Khartum. 211 now one half of them are paying pupils, and the number of free day pupils has decreased to one. The boarding fees are more than double the amount shown in the last report and tuitions for day pupils have almost doubled. So much for what figures can tell, but there remains much that figures cannot tell and much that eternity alone can reveal. Since our last report some of our girls have entered the ranks of the teachers. This is quite a step forward, as it has been and is a very difficult thing to hold the girls in school long enough to give them the education and training needed to make them qualified teachers. Many of them, according to their custom, are taken out and married when quite young, but in spite of this custom three classes this year are being taught by our own girls. The little tots are being taught by the girls in the training class, one of the girls teaching the class one week and another the fol­ lowing week. The next two classes also are taught by two of our girls, but all of them need much supervision. Three of our girls are teaching for the Church Missionary Society, and one is teaching in a Government school for girls. They wanted another girl for a school which they are opening, but we had none that we felt safe in sending. We might have placed one or two others with the Church Missionary Society, if we had had them ready. Is it not worth striving for to have good Christian teachers, well trained and ready to take charge of these schools as they are opened? These girls need our prayers, for many are the tempta­ tions which they will meet. Another new feature is the bread baking. In former years all of the bread for the girls was bought, but now the girls help to bake the bread for themselves and also for us. As this is written our bake woman is lying in the hospital and we know not where to find one to take her place, and so the girls are baking good bread for us and doing it all by themselves. Each girl who is large enough is given her turn at helping in the baking. The Boys’ Home.—The Boys’ Home, Khartum, is the other boarding school of the mission. It has been limited in many re­ spects, but refuses to cease growing, and greater things have been planned for its future. W e are grateful that sufficient funds have been provided to allow us to go forward with the purchase of the land at the site selected for the new Home. W e selected the site not knowing whether we could induce any one to sell or not. It was all held by natives in small holdings, and often many individuals had an interest in a plot containing a few acres. In one piece there were about ten acres, and nineteen different persons had to be persuaded to sell. It seemed hopeless, but the. land is ours. I wish all of you who read this report to know that since the last report three years ago a new spirit has come to the boys of the Home. It has been a gradual growth and though the boys 2 1 2 Sudan — Khartum . are not yet all genuinely good, and some of them need constant watching, they are not all always bad as they once were. One boy was baptized, and he has such a fine spirit that none of the others can find a fault in him. He is not the most advanced in knowledge, but he is gaining in that too. For the lack of funds and accommodation the number of boys has been limited to forty. With the cheapest of food, kafir corn, at $2.50 per bushel, it has not always been an easy matter to provide even for this limited number, but the boys have never gone hungry and have never complained. A physician who was called in to attend a sick boy remarked: “ There is one thing that I notice with your boys that I do not see anywhere else. It is that they are always willing to help one another.” That is a very just estimate of the lot, although some do not deserve it. Another, a Government official, who was not supposed to be very much in sympathy with any sort of mission work, remarked, “ Nowhere here do I see boys who look you in the face as these boys do.” W e have more small boys than formerly, but enough of the larger ones who have been with us longer to leaven the lump. We find the bigger boys a great help in the general management, and with them to help us we like to have a large number of small boys. You can hardly get them too young. We have three under four years of age, and about half of them are under ten years of age. The bigger boys as soon as they are able go out to some sort of service. Two are assistant teachers, one is a clerk in a bank, one is with a commercial firm, one is in the tram service, and several are in Government employment. All but one are doing Aery well and giving satisfaction. Our schools for boys and girls have as assistants today thir­ teen that have been trained in our schools. The Omdurman school and Khartum North school for boys have been under the direction of Mr. Sowash. His report fol­ lows : “ During the past three years the boys’ school at Omdurman has been in a flourishing condition. The average daily attendance runs from sixty to eighty, from one third to one half of the pupils being Mohammedans and the remainder Copts, Syrians and Armenians. “The literary standard of the school has been higher than during any previous period of its existence. The school build­ ing can accommodate comfortably sixty pupils and when the attendance goes up to eighty or more, the rooms are too crowded for the best results. Another defect in the school equipment is the lack of sufficient and suitable desks. An estimate for more and better seats has been made year after year for at least eight years, but the appropriation for our school work has never been sufficient to warrant their purchase. The school is also in need S ' udan— K hartu m. 213 of better equipment in the way of more and better maps and more blackboard space. “ The Bible lesson has been faithfully taught and many have learned of Him who came from Heaven to earth to seek and to save that which was lost. Much has been done in the way of removing prejudice in this old dervish center. The school has been of great value in bringing many boys into the Sabbath school.” What Mr. Sowash has written of Omdurman is true of all our schools. They are forces for removing prejudice, for bringing young lives under the influence of strong Christian teach­ ing and living, and for the direct teaching of God’s word such as no other agency known to us can do. The schools might be made much more efficient with better equipment and closer super­ vision, but even lacking many things that seem desirable, they are a very potent factor that influences all other work. They are abundantly worth all that they cost in time and expenditure. O f the outlook Mr. Sowash writes: “ The day cometh’ which may be translated ‘the day is come’— the day of discontent with the old order of things, the day of inquiry, the day of desire for new and better things on the part of all the people, the day of opportunity. W e hope that it is the day for more freedom in preaching the gospel in all Moslem lands. We believe also that the day has come when our brave old Church is ready to face the Mohammedan and heathen world with a renewed determina­ tion to conquer in His name.” Women’s Work.— In the Sudan the needs of all the work in every branch are great, but surely there is none greater than that of work among women. Your missionaries have felt this need greatly from the very beginning of the work here. It has been very difficult, however, to convince those at the home end that the need was sufficiently great to justify the expense. In the east what a child wants it cries for and continues to cry until it gets it. W e have lived a long time in the east and have adopted many eastern customs, so we cried. The Women’s Board, like loving, indulgent, eastern parents, offered us other things to divert us from our desires, such as an American, who would do this work, forgetting that it would take at least four years for an American to prepare to do any independent work, and for harem work an even longer period. Even when the young lady was ready to undertake the work it would still be necessary that she have a helper. So we continued to cry, and we finally got the usual eastern result, the thing we wanted. Having the consent of the Board was the first step. Secur­ ing the teacher the second. The east refuses to be hurried, so it was not until the end of 1917 that the teacher was on the ground. Let me introduce her: Sitt Farooza Gergis from Luxor. She is a widow, twenty-three years of age. She was married and wid­ 214 Sudan— Khartum. owed m her twelfth year. She is not the product of any school, but received her education entirely from a Bible woman such as she now is. She makes her home in the Girls’ Boarding School and her work has been entirely in- Khartum North until this year, when she has spent one day each week in Khartum. In planning for the work the thought was primarily to reach the poor black women who it seemed could be reached in no other way than through some one set apart to carry the message to them in their homes. They are too old to attend school, too careless and too satisfied with the lives they are living to come to the church or the women’s meeting, and above all they feel no need of a Saviour. It was decided that the work should be begun in Khartum North rather than in Khartum or Omdurman, chiefly because the girls in the boarding school furnished, as we thought, open doors to the homes from which they came. Now I cannot carry you step by step through the opening of the work, but will tell you only of some of the discouragements and some of the happenings. The very biggest discouragement came very soon, for we found that the black women of Khartum North did not want us nor our message. Irregular calls on them when they might ask about the customs of our country and might look upon the ladies “ from down country” at close quarters and examine their clothes was one thing, but to sit down and learn their letters, and later to sit quietly and listen to some one read from a book that was not their book about something which they did not believe or in which they were in no way interested or mayhap in itself an of­ fense to them, this was a very different matter. However, we made a start among them and succeeded in getting into a number of houses, some of them little better than houses of ill-fame. We were never asked to go into some of the houses, but were allowed to sit in the street outside the door and there were seen by all who passed by. This, no doubt, worked to our undoing. See­ ing us sitting in these places two or three times each week doubt­ less led men to ask what we were doing there. The work seemed to prosper for a few weeks, then one morning at every house we were told that the woman we asked for was out or she had gone on a journey or her husband needed her. We soon de­ cided that something was wrong. Finally at one of the houses I pushed the door open and found the woman I had just been told was at the river, sitting in the court. I asked, “ What is wrong? Why will you not see us?” She answered, “ I do not want a lesson.” “ Do you mean that you do not want a lesson today or that you do not want a lesson ever?” I asked. She said, “ Never.” Then I asked, “ May I not come to see you some time?” She answered, “ No.” Then I said, “ Well, Um Fatma, you come to see me some time and I will tell you to come in and sit down and will be glad to see you.” But she has nevei; come Sudan — Khartum. 215 and our hearts ache over that still, because their lives are hard and wicked, and many, both men and women, are drunkards. The beer that is drunk here is bad for health and morals and mind and soul. No, we have never gone back to those houses of which I have just told you. W e have said to ourselves, and to each other, “ Yes, we must try to go next week,” but somehow next week is just as full as this week and last week and all the other weeks, and we have never found the time. Although these houses of our choosing were closed in our faces, God had other places for us to work and they were shown to us from time to time. One of these openings came through the marriage of one of the boys who had been in the Home; a marriage over which we were all disappointed. Another came through a man named Hassan, who had spent some time in Egypt and while working in Luxor had become interested in reading the Bible. After his return to Khartum, Dr. Giffen taught him for some time before our last vacation to America. On our re­ turn he was working outside the city, so that we lost track of him. But one day I met him on the street, and almost before he was through with his profuse salutations, he said: “I hear that )rou are teaching the women in the houses. I am married. W on’t you come to teach my wife?” W e went, and so the work goes on. One woman hears from another woman about the teacher and asks that we go to her also. A woman from Omdur- man comes across to her father’s house in Khartum North each week to get her lesson with her sisters. Will not our women at home see in this a call for a Bible woman in Omdurman where there is none as yet? Khartum, which has a Bible woman one day each week, ought to have one for full time. We have also among the pupils Egyptian women who did not have the opportunity to go to school before their marriage. So we can count among those reached by your harem worker Sudanese, Egyptians, Abyssinians, Moslems and Christians, bond and free, clever and stupid. Some want only the knowledge to read, but no Bible lesson. And the Lord be praised! There are some who feel that they have not the time nor the mind to learn to read who want the Bible lesson. Some are unwilling to have a Christian prayer offered in their house, others gladly consent that we pray for their children. It is a fine opportunity to try to be all things to all women. W e even teach them to crochet when there is no other way to awake an interest in them. Two of the women, one a nominal Christian and the other a Moslem, have had what they call devil possession. The Moslem woman is better. Is it possible that our American women will be satisfied 'with this beginning? W e hope not. W e do feel the need of more workers because of the weari­ ness of the flesh, but the great reason is our desire that more of 216 Sudan — Nasser. these who know Him not may learn their need of a Saviour and the good news of His redeeming love.

NASSER.

Equipment—Two residences for missionaries.

The flood of 1917 will not soon be forgotten in the Sudan. Everywhere we hear of the damage that it did. Through the efforts of the missionaries at the station and their prayers, the situation was saved and the property was kept from injury. Had the river gone a foot higher things might have been different. Advantage was taken of the flooded condition of the country that prevailed until January, 1918, to visit some of the outlying villages in canoes. One could paddle right over the top of corn fields and what had been waving pasture fields, right to the edge of the villages. Dr. T. A. and Mrs. Lambie, with their family, returned from their furlough in February, 1918, and were very glad, in­ deed, to find that the station had not been washed away, and to find their friends, Rev. and Mrs. P. J. Smith, well though needing a rest after their tussle with the river. It was a great pleasure to know that they had really enjoyed themselves, for they said there was no place on earth that they would rather be than Nasser. They loved the people and the place. Mr. and Mrs. Smith were living in the only residence that there was at Nasser at that time, and it was none too large for them. It wras evident that the first thing to be done was to try to get a house built. There is nothing gained by the missionary and his family trying to live in a hut like the native. It can’t be done. He may be able to do so for a few days or a few weeks, but then the fever comes. The white ants eat his tables and chairs, and the red ants climb up into his bed at night, the mos­ quitoes descend everywhere, while scorpions, rats and numerous other things appear from various and sundry places. Single men may be able to stand it for a time, but even in France women and children were not expected to stay in the trenches. Timber there is none that is suitable. Bricks there are none, but they can be made No one knoAvs how to make them but the missionary and he does not know either, but he can learn. There are no masons to be had locally. They either have to be brought from a great distance with much expense or else the missionary has to roll up his sleeves and act as master workman. It is an old story, but it gets older before that house is finished. I suppose that missionaries all over the world are trying to make bricks without straw or at least A v ith far too little straw. The great thing about it is that it drives one to the Lord and when man’s arm seems so woefully short a little time in prayer Sudan— N asser. 217 seems to put such a different look on things. Praise His name! And so the new house is being built and it truly is a palace to the people of the southern Sudan. Part of it is already being occupied and there is one missionary family just so full of grati­ tude to God that they say “ Praise the Lord” every time they look up at the walls and the roof over their heads. It is not luxurious, but furnishes protection from the weather and insects and reptiles and a little privacy and makes home life possible.

EVANGELISTIC. One missionary in summing up his report for the year says: “The year has been marked by steady, quiet progress, nothing startling or very much out of the ordinary, but just a feeling of the Lord’s presence.” I think we will all agree that this is the very best sort of progress, a steady growth with “ nothing startling.” And yet there were some things unusual at Nasser station. Take this for example. Mr. Smith preached in all of the villages within a radius of ten miles of the mission station. It was not preaching to crowds of men and women who were hungering and thirsting for the truth, for they did not know that they were lacking in any spiritual thing—they did not know their need of a Saviour until they were told. They were hungry and thirsty and dying, but did not know it. Mr. Smith’s work was done by visiting them in their huts. He went to each one or to each family and in this very personal way took the message to 7250 people who had never heard it before. On the more extended trips that have been made, he has been away for a week or two at a time, living out in the open air, without tents or luxuries of any kind, going about from village to village, making friends and pointing them to Jesus Christ. From morning till night there will be meeting after meeting, all very informal, and the repeating over and over again perhaps the same message and singing the same songs, with numerous interruptions patiently borne and then a return to the glad tidings of Jesus. O f a recent trip Mr. Smith says: “ In these eighteen days I went along one stream for about twenty- five miles and came in contact with 2500 people, and as I look over the map of the Nuer country it would appear that these few to whom I have spoken are as a mere drop in the bucket. I do not know how long this stream is, nor how many villages there are on its banks, but they are many, and there are many longer streams and in more densely populated regions. Do not forget, you who may read this, that these are your brothers and sisters. Are you going to allow them to remain in darkness for another four thousand years ?” W e have an accession to our force this year in the person of an evangelist from Egypt— Daniel Effendi. He is a young man who was educated in our schools in Egypt and had two 218 Sudan—Nasser. years’ training in the theological seminary in Cairo. All the Egyptian workers that have come to the Sudan before, and there have been some very good men, came with the purpose of working in their own language, the Arabic, but Daniel has come with the idea of learning the Nuer language and doing all his work with the Nuers, During the few months that he has been here he has made great progress in acquiring the language and in gain­ ing entrance into the hearts of the people. He is very anxious to get out among the people and does go every afternoon, preach­ ing to the Nuers in their villages in their own language. In three months he has spoken to 3695, and Miss Truan, a Swiss girl, who has been employed by the mission, spoke to 1254 people in one month. The attendance at the Sabbath services at the mis­ sion averaged sixty more, and those who heard the gospel at the clinic aggregated 15.000, making a total of nearly 30,000 people reached with the message.

MEDICAL.

We are very thankful for the way the people have received the medical work. The Lord has blessed it beyond our expecta­ tion. From nearly a hundred villages and over a widely scattered country, the people have come in. They have paid for their medicine, too, and the money that they brought was one of the ways by which the Lord provided the building. The need of a nurse was felt very badly. The patients came in great numbers every day and were needing so • much more than medicine. A telegram was dispatched to Khartum to ask for the loan of Miss Emma M. McKeown for a few months. This request was kindly granted and in due time Miss McKeown arrived. A mule near Doleib Hill succeeded in delaying her arrival by giving her a bruised shoulder. She stayed only a few months when an English clergyman came up from Khartum for her and succeeded in taking her away. The Lord had something else in store for us, however. Marie Truan, a Swiss girl, had been with the mission in Egypt and the Sudan for several years helping to look after the children. She already knew a good deal of the Nuer language, and while Miss McKeown was in our midst she had taught her a great many useful things about caring for the sick, so that when Miss McKeown left Miss Truan went into the clinic and took charge. A card index system has been introduced for cataloguing the patients. One difficulty was encountered. The people do not always give the same name. Sometimes when asked her name a woman would give the name “Mother of Gai or of Yol,” or of somebody else, or she might give the name that she had been given as a child, or as a grown up, so that each person might be known by any one of a half dozen names. This is all very Sudan— Nasser. 219 confusing in an index, as the patients forget which name they have given, and it is almost impossible to find their cards again. The difficulty was overcome by requiring each patient to wear suspended from his neck a piece of tin which had been perforated and had stamped on it a serial number that corresponded to his number in the card index. Some of them regarded it as a kind of fetish to help the medicine until it was explained to them. W e are thankful that the gospel is being preached to the Ntiers in the church every Sabbath day, to the sick and suffering oi>es in the clinic, a hundred or more every day except Sabbath, arid to those in the villages. Not a day passes but the word goes out about Nasser far and wide. Marie Truan, Daniel Effendi and Mr. Smith are out every afternoon with picture roll, telling the old, old story, in cattle barns or out under a tree, and the people are singing

“Jesus loves me, oh, so much, He gave His blood for me.” The old, old story, only vaguely understood perhaps, yes, and yet the word of God, the all powerful Word. Here ends our report. Wre believe that it sets forth truly, and so far as we are able, the work of the mission. In the North Sudan we are terribly handicapped by restrictions placed upon “ aggressive work” for the Moslem population. But God’s truth cannot be hidden, and that which has been told in secret will in due time be made manifest to many. In closing this report we wish to acknowledge the loving kindness of our Father and the thoughtfulness of many friends, and especially those who sustained us in prayer. These have been strenuous years for everybody. Even the very simple neces­ saries of life have cost far beyond anything we had expected or calculated for, but sufficient provision was made and our deep gratitude goes with this to those upon whom we depend for their prayers and contributions. If any of you have been careless, may "lod help you not to forget. 220 Sudan— Summary of Statistics. SUMMARY OF STATISTICS. TH E SUDAN. I. WORKERS: 1916 1917 1918 1. Missionaries: Ordained ...... 4 4 6 Medical ...... 1 1 2 Industrial ...... I 1 1 Unmarried Women ... 2 2 3 Wives of missionaries . 6 5 8

Total missionaries .. 14 13 20 2. Other Workers: Missionaries of Synod 2 O 3 Evangelists (Mission) 2 4 Teachers: Men ...... 10 11 13 Women ---- 7 8 9 —17 —19 _22

19 23 29

Total Workers .. 33 36 49 II. CHURCHES: Organized ...... 1 1 i Preaching Stations ... 9 9 10 Membership ...... 205 235 227 Increase by profession 9 28 11 Sabbath attendance ... 535 707 883 $1,467 $1,190 $1,324

III. SABBATH SCHOOLS 5 5 7 Officers and Teachers ...... 24 25 24 Pupils ...... 375 579 442 Contributions ...... $43 $79 $125 IV. SCHOOLS: Boys’ Day ...... 3 3 4 Boarding ...... 1 1 i — 4 — 4 — 5 Girls’ Day ...... 1 1 i Boarding ...... 1 1 i — 2 — 2 — 2

Total Schools ...... 6 6 7 Pupils: Boys’ Day ...... 454 499 605 Girls’ Day ...... 203 213 246 Boys’ Boarding ...... 38 45 40 Girls’ Boarding ...... 69 95 65 Total Pupils ...... 764 852 956 Fees—Tuition ...... $1,529 $1,387 $1,729 Boarding ...... 256 676 932 Total Fees ...... $1,785 $2,063 $2,661 Sudan— Summary of Statistics. 221

V. MEDICAL: 1916 1917 19x8 Dispensaries ...... 2 2 Treatments ...... 14,000 29,892 Operations ...... 130 Village calls ...... 85 Fees ...... $1,000

VI. FINANCIAL SUMMARY: Churches ...... $1,467 $1,190 $1,324 Sabbath Schools ...... 43 79 125 Educational ...... 1,785 2,063 2,661 Medical ...... 62 1,000

Total ...... $3,357 $3,332 $5,110 222 Officers of the Board Since Organisation.

OFFICERS OF THE BOARD SINCE ORGANIZATION.

P r e sid e n t s. 1859-71 Rev. Jos. T. Cooper, D. D. 1871-93 “ W. W. Barr, D. D. 1893- “ M. G. Kyle, D. D.

C orresponding S ecretaries. 1859-93 Rev. J. B. Dales, D. D. 1893-02 “ W. W. Barr, D. D. 1902-16 “ Chas. R. Watson, D. D. 1916- “ W. B. Anderson, D. D.

R ecording S ecretaries. 1859-66 Rev. F. Church. 1866-68 " T. H. Hanna, D. D. 1868-71 “ F. Church. 1871-74 S. C. Huey. 1874-76 Rev. J. C. Wilson. 1876-78 Joseph D. McKee. 1878-80 Rev. J. B. Whitten. 1880-82 “ R. Stewart, D. D. 1882-96 D. W. 'Collins, D. D. 1896- “ C. S. Cleland, D. D.

T r e a su r e r s. 1859-74 Thos. B.Rich. 1874-79 William Getty. 1879-93 Joseph D. McKee. 1893- Robert L. Latimer MEMBERS SINCE ORGANIZATION. 1859-61 Rev., J. T. Pressly, D. D. 1876-03 Rev. James Çrowe, D. D. 1859-74 it J. T. Cooper, D. D. 1878-93 Mr. Robert T. Elliott. i859-75t tt J. B. Dales, D. D. 1880-82 Rev. R. Stewart, D. D. 1859-63 tt G. C. Arnold. 1882-99 D. W. Collins, D. D. 1859-80 it F. Church. 1883-89 tt I. T. Wright. 1859-60 tt H. H. Blair. 1889- tt M. G. Kyle, D. D. 1859-66 Mr. T. D. Anderson. 1890-93 tt W. M. Gibson, D. D. 1859-76 it S. C. Huey. 1890-04 Mr. Wm. Neely. 1859-64 it T. B. Rich. 1893* “ Robert H. Ferguson. 1860-61 Rev. T. H. Beveridge. 1893- Rev. S. G. Fitzgerald. i 86i-94t if W. W. Barr, D. D. 1893- Mr. Robert L. Latimer. 1861-66 it James Prestly, D. D. 1894-03 ft Samuel Walker. 1863-68 Mr. J. M. Wallace. 1894- Rev. Chas. S. Cleland, D. D. 1864-95 it Thos. Stinson. 1895* Mr. Jas. A. Elliott. 1864-80 tt Wm. H. Getty. 1896-03 « Wm, A. Brown. 1866-68 Rev. T. H. Hanna, D. D. 1899- Rev. W. M. Anderson, D. D. 1868-76 “ W. C. Jackson. 1903- a T. B. Turnbull, D. D. 1868-90 Mr. John Alexander. 1903- Mr. John R. McLean. ft 1869-75 Rev. J. M. Hutchinson. 1 9 0 3 - 0 7 James S. McCracken. 1874-76 tt J. C. Wilson, D. D. 1904* tt Robt. H. Ferguson. tt U 1875-90 S. G. Fitzgerald. 1905- F. 0 . Shane. 1876-93 Mr. Jos. D. McKee. 1907- tt Robert Killough. 1876-83 Rev. J. B. Whitten. 1914- tt Geo. Innes. 1914- tt James H. Kerr. ♦Elected but did not serve. tBecame Corresponding Secretary of the Board. Alphabetical List of Missionaries 223

A lphabetical L i s t o f M issionaries . Name. Field. Entered Retired Died.

Acheson, Rev. J. W illard Egypt. 1913 Acheson, Mrs. A lice B. 1913 Adams, Rev. C. C. “ 1908 1915 Adams, Mrs. Nellie “ 1908 1915 Alexander, Rev. J. R ., D .D . “ 1875 Alexander, Mrs. Carrie E. <1 1875 Alter, Rev. D. Emmet India. 1916 Alter, Mrs. Mary M. << 1916 Anderson, Rev.Win. B.,D.D. H 1897 1914 Anderson, Mrs. Mary B. <( 1897 1914 Anderson, Rev. W. T., D.D. a 1891 Anderson, Mrs. Jean 2891 Oct. 3, 1892 Anderson, Mrs. Minnie C. nee Parks.* Andrew, W. H. Trinidad. 1851 1851 Mar. 80, 1879 Andrew, Mrs. 1851 1851 Ashenhurst, Rev. J. O. Egypt. 1887 1897 Ashenhurst, Mrs. Adella A. 1897 nee B row n * Ayers, Rev. Ralph E. India. 1911 Ayexs, Mrs. Violet M. iC nee Scott.* June 19, 1914 Ayers, Mrs. Elizabeth « net Lawrence* Baird. Rev. J. W allace Egypt. 1912 Baird, Mrs. Maude R. 1912 Ballantyne, Rev. J. W ., D .D . India. 1895 April 6, 1915 Ballantyne, Mrs. Blanche C. “ 1895 1915 Banks, Rev. Joseph Trinidad. 1848 1858 April 26,1859 f Syria. 1846 1854 Barnett, Rev. James, D .D . t Egypt. 1854 1875 Oct. 2, 1884 Bamett, Mrs. Margaret L. U 1866 1875 Barr, Rev. James S., D .D . India. 1861 Barr, Mrs. Mary “ 1861 May 1, 1905 Bell, M r. C. S. Egypt. 1907 Bell, Mrs. Myra L. ' 1907 Boyd, Rev. J. Howard << 1902 Boyd, Mrs. Mary H. tt 1902 Brandon, Rev. Wm. J., Ph.D. India. 1900 Sept. 24, 1911 Brandon, Mrs. H . Lillian <( 1900 1912 Brown, Rev. M. M., M.D « 1905 Brown, Mrs. Carrie M. « 1905 Caldwell, Rev. A. B., D.D. <( 1881 Caldwell, Mrs. Amelia M. 1881 Caldwell, Rev. R. W. Egypt. 1911 Caldwell, Mrs. Margaret T. 1911 Campbell, Rev. E. E. India. 1904 Campbell, Mrs. Grace “ 1904 April 6, 1810 Campbell, Mrs. Anna M. nee Hamilton* Campbell, Rev. J. G. 1909 Campbell, Mrs. Mabel Y. K 1909 /E g y p t. 1895 1902 Carson, Rev. Ralph E. \ Sudan. 1902 1909 Carson, Mrs. Sarali C. Sudan. 1902 1909 Chambers, Rev. H . C. ■ India. 1903 Chambers, Mrs. Ethel F. 1 1 1903 Clements, Rev. E. V. “ 1912 Clements, Mrs. Sara E. “ 1912

* Married in the Mission. See pp. 229-231. 224 Alphabetical List of Missionaries

A lphabetical L i s t o f M issionaries —C o n t i n u e d . Name. Field. Entered. Retired. Died.

C olvin, R ev. J. H . India. 1914 Colvin, Mrs. Ethel M. nee W ilson.* a Coventry, Rev. W. R. Egypt. 1900 April 7, 1918 Coventry, Mrs. Lydia B. 1900 Oct. 81, 190» Coventry, Mrs. Mary F. (< nee K eit* 1918** Crawford, Rev. F. Nickell India. 1912 1918 << Crawford, Mrs. Kate E. 1912 1918 Crawford, Rev. John Syria. 1857 1878 1906 Crawford, Mrs. Mary B. ti 1857 1878 Crowe, Rev. Osborne India. 1896 Crowe, Mrs. Sarah Jane U 1896 Cummings, Rev. T. F., D.D. it 1890 1909 Cummings, Mrs. Anna A. it 1890 1909 Aug. 9, 1912 Currie, Rev. Ebenezer Egypt. 1865 Oct. 18, 1869 Currie, Mrs. Nettie it 1866 March 9,1866 Edie, Rev. R. L. Sudan. 1918 Edie, Mrs. Amy M. it 1918 Elder, Rev. E. E. Egypt. 1915 Elder, Mrs. Ellen N. 1915 Ewing, Rev. S. C., D.D. a 1860 April 3, 1908 Ewing, Mrs. Catharine A. a 1860 Fife, Rev. Elmer E. India. 1890 Fife, Mrs. Mary S. ii 1890 1896 Finley, H. L., M.D., Egypt. 1906 Finley, Mrs. Grace G. 1906 Finney, Rev. Thos. J., D.D. a 1882 June 23, 1915 Finney, Mrs. Nannie McC. a 1882 1916** Frazier, Rev. James A. Syria. 1851 Aug. 80,1868 Frazier, Mrs. Elizabeth a 1851 July 29, 1851 Frazier, Mrs. Johanna a 1854 1868 Dec. 26, 1907 Galloway, Rev. Dalton Egypt. 1913 Galloway, Mrs. Estelle K . ii 1913 Giffen, Rev. Bruce J. a 1903 1906 | Giffen, Rev. E. Morrison 1890 1907 Giffen, Mrs. Frances M. a 1890 1907 Giffen, Rev. John, D.D. a 1875 Giffen, Mrs. Mary E. it net Galloway.* Oct. 16, 1881 Giffen, Mrs. Elizabeth E. a nee N ewlin.* ( Egypt. 1881 1900 Giffen, Rev. J. Kelly, D.D. \ Sudan. 1900 / Egypt. 1881 1900 Giffen, Mrs. Grace \ Sudan. 1900 Gilmor, Paul E., M.D. Sudan. 1 0 18 Gilmor, Mrs. Esther M. tt 1918 Gilmor, Rev. Wm. P. Egypt. 1912 Gordon, Rev. Andrew, D.D. India. 1855 Aug. 13, 1887 Gordon, Mrs. R ebecca C. (1 1855 1888 Feb. 6, 1900 Gordon, David Trinidad. 1843 Dec. 24,1844 Gordon, Mrs. <1 1843 1845 Gordon, Rev. D. R., D.D. India. 1895 Gordon, Mrs. Grace W . a 1895 Gordon, Mr. James W . a 1866 187*1 G ordon, Mrs. Eleanor J. a 1866 1871

* M arried in th e M ission. See pp. 229-231. * * Appointed by Women’s Board. Alphabetical List of Missionaries 225

A lphabetical L i s t o f M issionaries —C o n t i n u e d . Name. Field. Entered. Retired. Died.

Grant, Andrew F., M.D. Egypt. 1904 Grant, Mrs. Harriet H . M 1904 Guthrie, Mr. C. B. Sudan 1908 Guthrie, Mrs. Anna M. «< net Barackman* Hart, Rev. S. G. Egypt. 1892 Hart, Mrs. M ary L. 1892 Harvey, Rev. Wm., D.D. << J865 Nov. 20, 1908 Harvey, Mrs. Henrietta M. “ 1865 Hattie, Alexander, M.D. Syria. 1857 1860 Heinrich, R ev. J. C. India. 1915 Heinrich, Mrs. Jessie “ 1915 Henderson, Rev. F. D. Egypt. 1906 Henderson, Mrs. A. Geno 1911 Henry, Vellora M., M.D. 1891 Henry, Mrs. E. Capitola u 1891 Hickman, Prof. W. W. a 1909 Hickman, Mrs. Alice E. it 1909 Hill, Rev. R. A. India. 1856 1860 June 22, 1901 H ill, Mrs. 1856 1860 ' “ 9, 1876 Hogg, Rev. Hope W. Egypt. 1887 1894 Hogg, Mrs. Mary E. (t nee W o rk * Hogg, Rev. John, D.D ii 1860 Feb. 27, 1886 Hogg, Mrs. Bessie U 1860 1888 Holliday, Rev. T. E., D.D. India. 1889 Dec. 28, 1917 Holliday, Mrs. Mary Hays “ 1889 Hoyman, Mr. F. S. Egypt. 1909 Hoyman, Mrs. Loretta A. << nee M itchell* Hunt, Rev. James G., D.D. 1897 Hunt, Mrs. Florida P. i i 1897 Jamison, Rev. W . B it 1915 Jamison, Mrs. Gertrude N. “ 1915 Johnston, D. R., M.D. “ 1868 1875 Feb. 20, 1897 Johnston, Mrs. M aggie J. 1868 1875 Kerr, George Trinidad. 1844 Dec. 15, 1844 Kruidenier, Rev. Jeremias Egypt. 1889 D.D. Kruidenier, Mrs. Henrietta U 1889 Kyle, Rev. H. J. India. 1895 1899 Kyle, Mrs. Mary Elizabeth u 1895 1899 Laing, Rev. A. M. “ 1911 Laing, Mrs. Margaret C. « nee H orm el* Lambie, Rev. Thomas A., Sudan. 1907 M.D. Lambie, Mrs. Charlotte nee Claney* [ Syria. 1851 1857 Lansing, Rev. Gulian, D.D. I Egypt- 1857 Sept. 12, 1892 f Syria. 1851 1857 Lansing, Mrs. Maria G. I Egypt. 1857 July 6, 1865 Lansing, Mrs. Sarah B. Egypt. Hee Dales.* Nov. 26,1889 Lansing, Elmer E., M.D. Egypt. 1884 1888 June 1, 1893 Lansing, Mrs.\Hattie E. 1884 1888 Lytle, Rev. D. C. India. 1881 Nov. 8, 1899 Lytle, Mrs. Isabella G. “ 1881 1900 1912

♦Married in the Mission. See pp. 329-231. 226 Alphabetical List o f Missionaries

A lphabetical L i s t o f M issionaries —C o n t i n u e d . Name. Field. Entered. Retired. Died.

M cArthur, Rev. J. A . India. 1904 McArthur, Mrs. Sue C. it nee W hite* Dec. 18, 1915 McCague, Rev. Thos., D.D. Egypt. 1854 1861 June 7,1914 McCague, Mrs. Henrietta it 1854 1861 Mar. 24, 1902 McClanahan, Frank C.,M.D. a 1916 McClanahan, Mrs. Helen S. ii 1915 McClanahan, Rev. Neal D. u 1909 McClanahan, Mrs. Jennie S. tt 1909 McClenahan, Prof. R. S. a LL.D. 1897 1919 McClenahan, Mrs. Marg’t J. 1897 1919 McClenahan, Rev. W . L. 1898 1915 McClenahan, Mrs. Jessie J. a net H ogg.* March 4,1905 McClure, Rev. R. Reed India. 1897 April 27,1900 McClure, Mrs. Alice E. “ 1897 1900** M cConnelce, Rev. J. A . U 1895 D.D. McConnelee, Mrs. Alma C. « 1896 McCreery, Rev. Elbert Sudan. 1906 191S McCreery, Mrs. Hannah it 1918 nee M cLean* McFarland, Rev. K. W. Egypt. 1892 1901 McFarland, Mrs. Anna H. 1892 1901 McGill, Rev. R. G. <« 1905 McGill, Mr». M. Flora. u 1905 M cK ee, Rev. Jas. P., D .D . India. 1870 1894 Nov. 1, 1899 McKee, Mrs. Margaret U 1870 1894 McKelvey, Rev. Joseph China. 1868 1870 Aug. 24, 1910 McKelvey, Mrs. Adelaide n 1868 Nov. 20, ¿868 McKelvey, Rev. W. M. India. 1902 McKelvey, Mrs. Cora M. it 1902 MacKenzie, Rev. Kenneth tt 1919 ( Egypt. 1898 1900 McLaughlin, H. T., M.D \ Sudan. 1900 1911 (E gypt. 1898 1900 McLaughlin, Mrs. Lena March 2. 1911 \ Sudan. 1900 McLaughlin, Rev. R. T. Egypt. 1919 McLaughlin, Mrs. Ellen J. tt 1919 1904 1909 Magill, Hugh R., M.D. ' f •< Sudan. 1911 1916 Magill, Mrs. Marian F. 1912 1915 Martin, Rev. J. How ard,D .D . India. 1888 Martin, Mrs. Elizabeth G. tt 1888 Martin, Rev. Samuel, D.D. it 1866 Dec. 24, 1910 Martin, Mrs. Lydia L. tt 1866 Dec. 3, 1886 Maxwell, Rev. Robert t( 1900 Maxwell, Mrs. Maud Pollock St 1900 Mercer, Rev. W . D. It 1912 Mercer, Mrs. Irene C. tt 1912 Merriam, Prof. W . H. tt 1918 Merriam, Mrs. Josephine F. it 1913 Moore, W. T., M.D. ii 1910 1917 Moore, Mrs. Alicia B. tt 1910 1917 Morrison, Rev. Geo. W. it 1887 1902 Morrison, Mrs. Edna it 1887 April 7, 1890

* Married in the Mission. See pp. 219-231. »♦Appointed by W omen’s Board. Alphabetical List of Missionaries 22 7

A lphabetical L i s t o p M issionaries —C o n t i n u e d .

Name. Field. Entered Retired Died'

Morrison, Mrs. L. J. 1902 nee McGarey* India. Morton, Rev. J. H . 1901 April 29,1910 Morton, Mrs. Mary Edith a 1901 1911 Murch, Rev. Chauncey, D.D Egypt. 1883 Oct. 15, 1907 Murch, Mrs. Amelia S. it 1883 1908 Nesbitt, Rev. H . S. India. 1904 Nesbitt, Mrs. Elizabeth H . India. 1904 Nevin, Rev. J. C. China. 1860 1878 May 14,1913 Nevin, Mrs. Amanda S. “ 1860 Sept. 27, 1867 Nevin, Mrs. Kate if 1871 1878 Nichol, Rev. A. M. Egypt. 1874 1884 July 20, 1887 N ichol, Mrs. Emma C. it 1874 1884 May 21, 1904 Nichol, Rev. Wm. M. « 1889 1899 Nichol, Mrs. Laura K. it 1889 ■ July 17, 1890 Nichol, Mr«. Amanda E. “ 1899 nee Jamieson.* N icoll, Prof. W m. E. India. 1901 Aug. 6, 1914 N icoll, Mrs. Clara Blanche tt 1901 1914 Owen, Prof. C. A. Egypt. 1913 Owen, Mrs. Margaret C. ft 1913 Oyler, Rev. D . S. Sudan 1909 Oyler, Mrs. Lillian J. tt nee Pieken* Patterson, R ev. J. F., M .D . Syria. 1872 1877 Mar. 23, 1882 Patterson, Mrs. Isabella M cD • U 1872 1877 Paulding, J. G., M .D. “ 1845 1856 April 30, 1875 Paulding, Mrs. u 1846 1856 Philips, Rev. H. E., Ph.D. Egypt. 1908 Philips, Mrs. Daisy G. tt 1908 Picken, Rev. S. C. India. 1909 Picken, Mrs. Mary L. 1909 Pinkerton, Rev. B. F. Egypt. 1866 1869 Pinkerton, Mrs. Fidelia 1865 1869 1871 Pollock, A. W., M.D. ft 1903 Pollock, Mrs. Ola B. 1903 May 27, 1915 Porter, Rev. E. L., D.D. India. 1891 Porter, Mrs. Jane L. 1891 March 7,1894 Porter, Mrs. Winifred L., « 1895 Porter, Prof. Wm. L., it 1905 1911 Porter, Mrs. Carolyn B. it 1905 1911 Quay, Rev. James K. Egypt. 1919 Quay, Mrs. Ida B. . it 1919 Rankin, Rev. Henry it 1919 Rankin, Mrs. Ruth it 1919 Ranson, Rev. A. J. India. 1909 1910 Ranson, Mrs. « 1909 1910 Reed, Rev. W . H. Egypt. 1896 Reed, Mrs. B. E. 1896 Ross, Rev. Wm. H. India. 1919 Ross, Mrs. Edith it 1919 Roy, Rev. Mark S. Egypt. 1911 R oy, Mrs. Ida M . if 1911

* Married in the Mission. See pp. 329**31. 228 Alphabetical List of Missionaries

A lphabetical , L i s t o f M issionaries —C o n t i n u e d . Name. Field. Entered. Retired. Died.

Rule, Rev. A. H. Egypt. 1872 1878 Rule, Mrs. Jennie M. 1872 1878 Russell, Prof. C. P., it 1907 Russell, Mrs. Margaret G. if 1911 Scott, Rev. John | Trinidad. 1845 1846 Aug. 4, 1877 Scott, Mrs. if 1845 1846 Scott, Rev. T. L., D.D. India. 1874 Scott, Mrs. Mary A . « 1874 Oct. 25, 1880 Scott, Mrs. Anna E. « 1882 Shields, Rev. Ried F. Sudan. 1918 Smith, R ev. Paul J. “ 1911 Smith, Mrs. Ida May « 1911 1896 1903 Sowash, Rev. G. A. D.D. f Egypt. \ Sudan. 1903 So wash, Mrs. E. J. Egypt. 1896 Sept. 4, 1900 Sowash, Mrs. Katherine Sudan. 1903 Stevenson, Rev. E. H. India. 1856 1863 Sept. 10, 1880 Stevenson, Mrs. if 1856 1863 Sept. 30, 1907 Stewart, M r.'C . A. if 1917 Stewart, Mrs. S. Jeannette it nee Hopkins.* Stewart, Rev. Harris J. ft 1911 Stewart, R ev. J. H. tt 1908 Stewart, Mrs. Euphemia a 1908 Stewart, R. R ., Ph.D . ft 1916 Stewart, M rs. Isabel C. tt 1916 Oct. 28, 1915 Stewart, Rev. Robert, D.D. ft 1881 Stewart, Mrs. Eliza F. n nee Johnston.* J Egypt. 1866 1876 Strang, Rev. David, D.D. I “ 1896 1906 • 1866 1876 Strang, Mrs. Gamella | “ 1896 Sept. 6, 1896 Strang, Mrs. Mary F. 1900 1906 Strong, Prof. J. G. India. 1916 Sutherland, Rev. Wm. « 1919 Sutherland, Mrs. Bertha L. « 1919 Thompson, Mr. Andrew Trinidad. 1847 1849 Thompson, Rev. A. A. Egypt. 1906 Thom pson, Mrs. Lydia M. 1906 Thompson, Rev. F. Scott 1911 Thompson, Mrs. Carrie May 1911 Thompson, R ev. J. S. India. 1894 1898 Thompson, Mrs. Mary Maud « 1894 1898 Tidrick, Mr. Ralph W. Sudan 1906 April 21,1914 Tidrick, Mrs. S. Luella if 1908 19.14 Walker, Rev. R. W. Egypt. 1904 W alker, Mrs. Elizabeth M. nee McCrory,* Dec- 9, 1916 Watson, Rev. Andrew, D.D. ft 1861 Watson, Mrs. Margaret it 1861 W hite, Rev. J. P. it 1894 1900 W hite, Mrs. Anna May 1894 1900 Wilkerson, C. E., M.D., Sudan 1916 1918 Wilkerson, Mrs. Lula “ 1916 1918 Wilson, Charles A. Egypt. 1905 1913 Wilson, Mrs. Maude M. 1905 1913 W ork, Rev. S. A. <« 1904 W ork, Mrs. S. A . 1906 Zwemer, Rev. S. M., D.D.f a 1912 Zwemer, Mrs. A m y E. “ 1912 * Married in the Mission. See pp. 3*9-231. 4 \fUcinnarv nscnrint^H thmiinrVi rnnrfrMv of R fforttlid Church in Amfrrica. Alphabetical List of Missionaries 229

A lphabetical L i s t o p M issionaries —C o n t i n u e d .

U n m a r r i e d W o m e n . Name. Field. Entertd Rt tired Died.

Adair, Miss Sara M . Egypt. 1919 Alexander, Miss Minnie R. India. 1906 1910 Anderson, Miss Emma Dean “ 1881 Anderson, Miss Margaret A. “ 1918 Atchison. Miss Alda B. Egypt. 1904 Baird, Miss M ary E. 1913 Barackman, Miss Anna M .* Sudan. 1909 Barnes, Miss Ella M . Egypt. 1911 Beatty, M iss M innie E. India. 1912 Beatty, Miss Roma B. U 1909 Bell, Miss Margaret A. Egypt. 1901 Bennett, Miss Hazel India. 1908 Beveridge, Miss Margaret A. Trinidad. 1843 1845 Boyd, Miss M Lois India. 1919 Boyd, Miss Myra L. Egypt. 1902 1906 Bradford, Miss Fannie G. Sudan. 1907 1915 Brotherston, M iss Lena S. India. 1906 Brown, Miss Adella A.* Egypt. 1886 Brown, Miss Grace U 1894 1902 Buchanan, Miss Carrie M . M 1893 Buchanan, M is» Lois India. 1910 Burnham, Miss Alice G. << 1915 Cabcen, Miss Ida Leota Egypt. 1909 Caldwell, Miss E. May India. 1919 Calhoun, Mis» Eliza a 1869 1884 Campbell, Miss M ary J. 1884 Campbell, Miss T. M. Egypt. 1870 1878 Chalmers, Miss Beulah B. 1918 Claney, Miss Charlotte J.* 1905 1909 Cleland, Miss Anna Laura India. 1903 Coie, Miss Una Sudan. 1919 Connor, Miss Harriet M. Egypt. 1880 1892 1 Corbett, Miss Kate M. India. 1886 Sept. 26, 1913 Corkey, Miss Annie L. Egypt. 1911 Cowden, Miss M- Henrietta India. 1905 Criswell, Miss Anna Belle Egypt. 1905 f Syria. 1854 1 1858 Dales, Miss Sarah B.* I Egypt. 1858 Nov. 26, 1889 Dickey Miss Sallie E. India 1895 1907 Dickey, Miss Cora B. Egypt. 1896 1907 Dickey, Miss Mabel B. 1912 1915 Dickson, Miss Laureila G. India. 1897 Dight, Miss S. Isabel Sudan. 1915 Downie, Miss Ella B. Egypt. 1913 Drake, Miss N. Belle, M.D. << 1903 1908 Eddy, Mis* Ruth M. << 1915 Embleton, Mis» M. M. India. 1891 1907 Fehlman, Miss Margaret J. “ 1913 Ferrier, Miss Helen J. Egypt. 1900 1 Finney, Miss Davida 1915 Finney, Miss Minnehaha “ 1894 Finney, Mrs. Nannie McC. u 1915 Fleming, Miss Bessie India. 1913 ( Syria. 1876 1877 Frazier, Miss Mary A. 1 Egypt. 1878 1893 French, Miss Elsie M Egypt. 1909 Fulton, Miss Edith M. India. 1894 Mar. 30, 1906 Galbraith, Miss M- E. China. 1875 1876

♦Married in the Mission. See pp. **3-328. 230 Alphabetical Ldst of Missionaries

A lphabetical L is t op M issionaries —Co n t in u e d . U n m a r r i e d W o m e n . Name. Field. Entered. Retired. Died.

Galloway, Miss M. E.* Egypt. 1875 Oct. 16, 1881 Gibson, Miss Jennie L. it 1903 May 15, 1905 Giifen, Miss Edna J. «( 1915 1918 Gilbakian.Miss Agavnie,M. I) India. 1907 1910 Given, Miss Annie F. %t 1886 1896 Gordon, Miss Elizabeth G. it 1855 1900 Apr. 3, 1915 Gordon, Miss Ella M. it 189S Gordon, Miss Euphemia E. it 1881 1889 Grove, Miss Elsie E. Sudan. 1912 Hadley, Miss Nancy A. India. 1904 Hamilton, Miss Anna M.* « 1902 Hamilton, Miss Laura B. M 1908 Hamilton, Miss Marietta «< 1916 Hammond, Miss Alfaretta Egypt. 1904 Hart, Miss Sarah 1861 June 28, 1869 Heston, Miss Winifred,M.D. India. 1910 1915 Hill, Miss Kate A. “ 1896 Hogg, Miss Jessie J.* Egypt. 1887 March 4 ,1905 Hogg, Miss Rena L. 1899 Holland, Miss May “ 1918 Holliday, Miss Eleanore K. India. 1919 Hopkins, Miss S. Jeannette* U 1912 Hormel, Miss Margaret C.* 1909 Hosack, Miss Isabel Egypt. 1912 Hutchison, Miss Florence A u 1916 Jameson, Miss Flora J. India. 1908 Jamieson, Miss Amanda E.* Egypt. 1892 Johnston, Miss Eliza F.* It 1869 1881 Johnston, Mrs. S. E., M.D. India. 1890 April 9, 1908 Jongewaard, Miss Harriet G. < < 1915 Jongewaard, Miss W.J., M.D (< 1915 Kerr, Miss Mary* Egypt. 1908 Kyle, Miss Ella O. it 1883 June 5, 1912 Kyle, Miss Mary India. 1904 Laing, Miss Olive R. it 1912 Lawrence, Miss Elizabeth* it 1909 Lawrence, Miss Mary A. it 1898 Lawrence Miss C. C., M.D Egypt. 1896 1911 Lockhart, Miss Maggie G. it 1874 1878 June 6, 1862 Logan, Miss Mary E. India. 1891 McCahon, Miss Elizabeth it 1875 McCall, Miss Trinidad. 1851 1851 McClenahan, Miss Eula Egypt. 1908 1914 McClure, Mrs. Alice E. India. 1900 1917 McConaughy, Miss Anna M. Egypt. 1903 McConnell, Miss Lillian A. India. 1902 McCracken, Miss Lois A. Egypt. 1912 1914 McCrory,Miss Elizabeth M* it 1905 McCrory, Miss Jeannette L. it 1916 McCullough, Miss Rosa A. India. 1879 McDowell, Miss L. J. Egypt. 1892 1912 McGarey, Miss Lavina J.* India. 1889 McIntyre, Miss Aulora R. Sudan. 1911 1915 MacKenzie, Miss Kathryn ti 1919 McKeown, Miss Emma M . 1916 McKown, Miss Martha J. Egypt. 1860 1894 Jan. 30, 1897 McLean, Miss Hannah C.* Sudan. 1906 1913 McMillan, Miss Adelle Egypt. 1895 Mar. 10,1907

* Married in the Mission. See pp. 323- 926. Alphabetical List of Missionaries 231 A lphabetical L i s t o f M issionaries —C o n t i n u e d .

U n m a r r i e d W o m e n . Name. Field. Entered. Retired. Died

McMillan, Miss Carol E. Egypt. 1906 Maconachie.MissEleanorW. India. 1910 Martin, Miss E. Josephine <« 1895 Martin, Miss E. Roxy Egypt. 1901 Martin, Mise Fannie C. India. 1896 Martin, Miss Helen J. Egypt. 1915 Martin, Miss Jennie E. India. 1906 Martin, Miss Mary R. 1890 Mason, Miss Dora B. Egypt. 1919 Mason, Miss Olive T. << 1912 Minger, Miss Emma M. India. 1902 Jan. 25, 1915 Mitchell, Miss Loretta A.* Egypt. 1909 Mitchell, Miss Zella W. « 1902 1906 Moore, Miss Henrietta India. 1898 Moore, Miss Sara A. M 1918 Morrison, Miss Jennie B. it 1895 Newlin, Miss Elizabeth E.* Egypt. 1880 Paden, Miss Marion A. *< 1902 1916 Parks, Miss Minnie C.* India. 1891 Pattison, Miss Mary M. Egypt. 1912 Piekan, Miss Lillian J. * <( 1907 1913 Platter, Miss Mary A., M.D. India. 1894 1903 Scott, Miss Louise E. 1916 Scott, Miss Violet M.* it 1911 June 19, 1914 Simpson, Miss J. Phandora, tt 1902 M.D. Smith, Miss Margaret A. Egypt. 1872 Smith, Miss Nellie C. H 1911 Spencer, Miss Kate E. India. 1919 Spencer, Miss Nannie J. a 1894 Sept. 4, 191 & Stewart, Miss Mabel C. tt 1915 Strang, Miss Isabella Egypt. 1878 1887 Strang, Miss Matilda 1C 1886 1894 Strong, Miss Martha F. India. 1915 Teas, Miss E. Dorcas Egypt. 1896 Thompson, Miss Anna Y. tt 1871 Thompson, Miss Mary L. tt 1918 Thompson, Miss Sadie it 1913 1918 Underwood, Miss Alice B. it 1902 1904 Walker, Miss Laura B. a 1904 Warnock, Miss Ruth India. 1918 Watson, Miss Anna B., M.D. Egypt. 1896 1918 Welsh, Miss M. E. India. 1869 1872 White, Miss Josephine L. “ 1884 White, Miss Maria, M.D. it 1886 White, Miss Sue Cooper* it 1905 Dec. 18, 1915 Whitely, Miss Dora B. it 1911 Whiteside, Miss Ida Egypt. 1918 Williams, Miss Roe O. <( 1911 1918 Wilson, Miss Cynthia E. India. 1875 1918 Wilson, Miss Ethel M * “ 1918 Wilson, Miss Margaret M. tt 1904 1916 Wilson, Miss Rosa T. tt 1886 1918 Work, Miss Bertha B. “ 1904 1908 Work, Miss Mary E.* Egypt. 1890 Work, Miss Ruth A. it 1804 Young, Miss Susan A. India. 1891 Jan. 15, 1908 * Married in the Mission. See pp. 223-228. 232 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

d e t a i l e d s t a t e m e n t o f t r e a s u r e r .

ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF RECEIPTS. Front May 1st, 1916 to April 30th, 1917.

A lbany ...... $ 2,778 33 L ak e ...... 1,953 32 A llegheny ...... ’...... 20,492 35 L e Claire ...... 821 40 A rgyle ...... 3,423 79 Los Angeles ...... 2,959 90 Arkansas Valley ...... 2,339 53 M ansfield ...... 1,072 71' Beaver Valley ...... 6,733 86 M ercer ...... 3,691 76 Big Spring ...... 1,425 77 M onm outh ...... 4,761 70 B oston ...... 1,503 99 Monongahela ...... 30^020 38 Brookville ...... 596 08 M uskingum ...... 3,701 34 B utler ...... 5,478 70 New Jersey ...... i,36 l 58 C aledonia ...... 2,971 12 New Y ork ...... 220 97 ■Cedar R apids ...... 2,981 72 Ohio First ...... 2,902 62 C hartiers ...... 7,544 08 Oklahom a ...... 193 45 C hicago ...... 2,403 36 Om aha ...... 1,927 79 Cleveland ...... 4,433 23 Oregon ...... 725 38 College Springs ...... 4,571 01 Paw nee ...... 1,754 32 Colorado ...... 3,124 66 Philadelphia ...... 7,353 34 C oncordia ...... 421 38 Pittsburgh ...... 375 92 Conemaugh ...... 2,419 64 Puget Sound ...... 925 41 D elaw are ...... 2,449 55 Rock Island ...... 2,452 88 Des Moines ...... 2,696 44 San Francisco ...... 1,667 56 D etroit ...... 1,577 35 Sidney ...... i,823 78 FYankfort ...... 1,082 83 Spokane ...... 374 74 G arnett ...... 942 26 Steubenville ...... 3,826 95 H udson ...... 959 54 Tennessee ...... 1,014 51 Idaho ...... 408 37 T exas ...... 278 00 Illinois Central ...... 1,139 32 Uncompahgre ...... 165 21 Illinois Southern ...... 3,982 21 V erm ont ...... 320 94 Indiana ...... 1,990 92 Westmoreland ...... 6,419 23 Indiana Northern ...... 367 84 W heeling ...... 4,163 19 Iowa Northwestern ...... 327 36 W isconsin ...... 1,050 93 Kansas City ...... 1,310 76 X enia ...... 4,709 86 K eoku k ...... 4,694 87 Kiskiminetas ...... 1,725 51 $196,288 80

SCHOOLS. First, Allegheny, Pa $ 555 39 ington, D. C ...... 66 02 J. G. Paton Bible Class, First, Cleveland, Ohio 61 90 Beaver Falls, Pa ...... 500 00 First, Topeka, Kans 60 00 First, Indiana, Pa ...... 400 00 Second, Wilkinsburg, Pa.. 60 00 Second, Monmouth, 111. 259 17 Sewickley, Pa ...... 60 00 Houston, Pa...... 208 00 Scotch Ridge, Ohio 60 00 Seventh, Phila., Pa ... 200 00 Boulevard, Phila., Pa 59 53 Somonauk, 111...... 181 99 First, Xenia, Ohio ...... 52 84 Belle Center, Ohio ...... 166 92 Reid Memorial, Richmond, Grand Ave., St. Louis, Mo. 114 31 Ind...... 52 57 Unity, P a ...... 100 00 Union, McKees Rocks, Pa. 50 00 Canonsburg, Pa ...... 100 00 First, Wheeling, Ohio ...... 50 00 East Greenwich, N. Y ...... 100 00 Young Ladies’ Bible Class, T arkio. M o...... 100 00 West Newton, Pa ...... 48 00 Valencia, Pa ...... 97 37 Puti.am, N. Y ...... 47 92 Wheatland, 111...... 87 00 Hamilton, Ohio ...... 47 90 Clearfield, la ...... 87 00 North Philadelphia, Pa 45 00 Sugar Creek, Dayton, Ohio 86 23 West Philadelphia, Pa. ... 44 00 Olathe, Kans...... 82 65 Fort Morgan, Colo...... 41 11 Minden, Nebr...... 71 25 Fairpoint, Ohio ...... 40 00 Oak Park, Phila., Pa ...... 70 00 Second, New Castle, Pa., Ninth Ave., Monmouth, 111. 69 88 Primary Dept...... 40 00 Peters Creek, Venetia, Pa. 67 00 Andrew , la ...... 40 00 Wallace Memorial, Wash- Santa Ana, Calif...... 38 93 Detailed Statement of Treasurer 233

Homer City, Pa ...... 38 6.0 Americus, Kans...... 5 86 Second, Xenia, Ohio ...... 38 55 Monmouth, Calif...... 5 00 Plain Grove, Pa...... 38 00 Second, San Francisco, Nampa, Idaho ...... 36 00 C alif...... 5 00 Aledo, 111...... 35 80 Brookdale Mission, St. Jo­ Murraysville, Fa ...... 35 00 seph, M o...... 5 00 Saxman, Kans...... 34 20 Kings’ Daughter Class, Emporia, Kans...... 30 00 Peters Creek, Venetia, Tranquility, Ohio ...... 27 81 P a ...... 5 00 Rom ine Prairie, III...... 26 50 First, Steubenville, Ohio.. 5 00 Pitzer, la ...... 26 46 Crafton Heights, Pa., Walton, Kans...... 26 00 Mother’s Day Funds.... 4 68 Superior, Nebr...... 25 83 Second, Cincinnati, Ohio... 4 50 Co-Workers’ Class, River­ Cedarwood, Colo...... 4 50 side, Calif...... 25 05 San Jose, Calif...... 4 22 B. O. V . Class, San Diego, Farrell, P a ...... 4 00 Calif...... 25 00 Beulah, N. Y ...... 4 00 Woodville, Pa ...... 25 00 Robinson, Pa ...... 3 00 Brookville, Pa ...... 25 00 Kansas City, Kans...... 3 00 Birmingham, Mich...... 25 00 Sidney, Ohio ...... 2 50 Caledonia, Ind...... 22 00 Bellingham, Wash...... 1 70 Homestead, 111...... 21 00 Albany Presbytery ...... 204 91 Lewistown, Pa ...... 20 37 Allegheny Presbytery ...... 531 51 Liberty, Hubbard, Ohio.... 20 00 Argyle Presbytery ...... 706 47 Rock Island, 111...... 18 50 Arkansas Valley Presby­ Twelfth, Allegheny, Pa ----- 18 26 tery ...... 115 53 Fifth, Phila., Pa ...... 18 00 Beaver Valley Presbytery 624 79 First Italian Mission, Pitts­ Big Spring Presbytery.... 214 50 burgh, P a ...... 17 59 Boston Presbytery ...... , 297 33 Winchester, Kans...... 17 00 Brookville Presbytery ___ 89 35 South Henderson, 111...... 16 96 Butler Presbytery ...... 115 54 Worcester, Mass...... 16 00 Caledonia Presbytery ...... 355 56 Second, New York, N. Y ... 15 76 Cedar Rapids Presbytery.. 101 27 First, St. Joseph, Mo...... 15 30 Chartiers Presbytery ...... 457 73 First, Wilmington, Del.... 15 00 Cleveland Presbytery ...... 367 70 Albia, la ...... 15 00 College Springs Presbytery 236 67 Second. Seattle, Wash ...... 15 00 Colorado Presbytery ...... 94 57 Piper City, 111...... 15 00 Conemaugh Presbytery .. 43 11 Service, Albia, la ...... 15 00 Delaware Presbytery ...... 205 92 Ontario, Ore...... 15 00 Des Moines Presbytery... 448 77 Alexis, 111...... 14 90 Detroit Presbytery ...... 116 OS Quincy, Mass...... 14 74 Frankfort Presbytery ...... 168 40 Woodlawn, Pa ...... 14 44 Garnett Presbytery ...... 16 36 Sandy Lake, Pa...... 13 97 Hudson Presbytery ...... 107 3« Carnahan Creek, Garrison, Idaho Presbytery ...... 91 21 K an s...... 13 70 Illinois Central Presbytery 85 71 Weiser, Idaho ...... 13 00 Illinois Southern Presby­ 00 Second, New Castle, Pa... 13 tery ...... 187 68 Viola, Kans...... 12 50 Indiana Presbytery ...... 173 22 Scotland, 111...... 12 40 Coila, N. Y ...... 12 17 Indiana Northern Presby­ Fairview, Pa ...... 12 04 tery ...... 40 7< Henderson, 111...... 12 00 Kansas City Presbytery... 112 37 11 19 Kiskiminetas Presbytery.. 70 0i Atlantic. Ia ...... 182 07 Cutler, 111...... 11 00 Lake Presbytery ...... North Yakima, Wash ...... 10 55 Le Claire Presbytery ...... 16 00 Bible School, First, Bos­ Los Angeles Presbytery .. 262 01 10 16 Mansfield Presbytery ...... 32 70 ton, M ass...... Mercer Presbytery ...... 435 57 Florence Ave., Los An­ Monmouth Presbytery .... 224 40 geles, Calif...... 10 00 West 44th St., New York, Monogahela Presbytery .., 755 70 10 00 Muskingum Presbytery ... 395 63 N. Y ...... New Jersey Presbytery... 43 19 Tingley, Ia ...... 10 00 Richmond, Kans...... 10 00 New York Presbytery .... 248 83 West Union, 111...... 10 00 Ohio First Presbytery ...... 195 08 Easton, Calif...... 9 00 Oregon Presbytery ...... 2 09 Pawnee Presbytery ...... 83 37 Aspinwall, Pa ...... 8 66 8 r.o Philadelphia Presbytery... 87'8 01 Chicopee, Mass...... 5 00 Montrose, Colo...... 8 00 Pittsburgh Presbytery .... 7 52 Puget Sound Presbytery..' 90 65 Greeley, Kans...... 38 00 Rushville, Ind ...... 7 51 Rock Island Presbytery... Spreckels, Calif...... 7 25 San Francisco Presbytery. 32 73 Bethsaida, Tipton, Ind...... 7 11 Sidney Presbytery ...... 331 19 Lower Chanceford, Pa ...... 7 00 Steubenville Presbytery ... 253 61 Wurtemburg, Elmwood Tennessee Presbytery ----- 7 15 City, P a ...... 7 00 Westmoreland Presbytery. 717 38 Burlington, Wash ...... 6 61 Wheeling Presbytery ...... 382 63 M exico, P a ...... 6 50 Xenia Presbytery ...... 272 10 Mrs. A. E. Clapperton and Class ...... 6 00 $18,321 07 234 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

INDIVIDUALS. David W. and Sade Eaton Kenton, Ohio, Property, W ilson ...... $ 1,000 00 !n c ...... 4i oo A Friend, Jersey City, N. Miss Sarah McFarland ... 40 00 J...... 500 00Miss Nancy J. McFarland. 40 00 The Howison Family ...... 500 00Mrs. Margaret McCready.. 40 00- A Friend of the U. P. Mis­ Individual Mission, Creek, sion in Egypt ...... 462 33 N ebr...... 40 00 Dr. T. A. Lambie Refund.. 344 61 Chicago, Burlington and A nna M. H a r p e r ...... 309 00 Quincy R. R. Refund 38 01 Mr. and Mrs. W. P. Fraser 300 00 Miscellaneous, per Mission­ J. H. Bailey ...... 250 00 ary and Efficiency Com­ J. M. B row n ...... 200 00 m ittee ...... 30 54 James -Hoven ...... 200 00 Individual, Olathe, Kans.. 30 00 William Hamilton Annuity 200 00 Libbie Morrow ...... 30 00 Rev. J. A. Williamson, Individual, Shedds, Oreg... 30 00 D .D 200 00Deputation Account Re­ Legal Expense Refund 200 00 fund ...... 27 99 Handbook Postage ...... 166 73Robert Brownlie and T. M. C. A., Pittsburgh friends ...... 26 50 Theological Seminary ... 166 00 A Friend, Greensburg, Pa. 25 00 Individual, Westmoreland Charles Corette ...... 25 00 P r e s b y te r y ...... 165 00 Sarah J. Cam pbell ...... 25 00 Cunard Steamship Co., Re­ A. E. Comin ...... 25 00 fund ...... 154 09 Mrs. James Cowan ...... 25 00 Special Account ...... 151 18 J. A . D onaldson ...... 25 00 A Friend of Missions ...... 145 00 Individual, Garnett Pres­ First Congregation, Mon­ bytery ...... 25 00 m outh, 111...... 142 50 Charles Maxwell ...... 25 00 Estate of James Rafferty, Elizabeth M axwell...... 25 00 In c...... 126 47 Rev. J. A. McArthur 25 00 Mrs. Ada Reber ...... 115 00 Rev. J. A. Renwick, D.D.. 25 00 Y. W. C. A., Westminster W. W. Renkin ...... 25 00 C o lle g e ...... 114 70 W. W. Shillito ...... 25 00 A Friend of Missions ----- 100 00 Individuals. Wisconsin A Contributor, Jersey City, Presbytery ...... 24 00 N. J...... 100 00 A Friend, Hanover, 111. ... 20 00 Mrs. M ary J. B eck ...... 100 00 A F riend ...... 20 00 Individual, Omaha Presby­ Frank Brown, in Memory tery ...... 100 00 of Mother, Eighth Alle­ Individual, Johnstown, N. gheny ...... 20 00 Y ...... 100 00 W ill S. Cam pbell ...... 20 00 Mrs. E. C. Thompson 100 00 M. E. H a n n a ...... 20 00 Individual, Albany Presby­ Mrs. Fred Hall ...... 20 00 tery ...... 100 00 M aps ...... 17 00 Houston Valley, Tenn., A Friend in Cambridge... 15 00 Congregation ...... 83 17 Individual, Clinton, Pa., Rev. Thos. F. Cummings, Congregation ...... 1500 D .D 80 00 Mrs. Lois Boyd Lake 15 00 J. V. Anderson and wife.. 75 00 Mrs. Jean B. Lake ...... 1500 A Friend of Missions 75 00 Miss Elizabeth B. McFar­ W. C. McClure ...... 75 00 land ...... 15 00 Y. M. C. A., Westminster M iss Jeannette M cFarland 15 00 College ...... 73 81 F. J. M cFate ...... 15 00 Expense Refund ...... 60 36 Individual, Ontario St., Individuals, Sidney Pres­ Buffalo, N. Y ...... 15 00 bytery ...... ' 60 00 Miss Jennie B. Wallace . . 15 00 Mileage Sold ...... 14 98 Salary Refund ...... 57 50 Mrs. Jennie Bleakney .... 13 32 Individuals, per Mission­ Ladies’ Aid, New York ary and Efficiency Com­ Presbytery ...... 1320 m ittee ...... 51 40 W inifred J. A n d erson...... 10 00 W. R. Andrews ...... 50 00 A Friend of Missions...... 10 00 G. W . A ikin ...... 50 00 Sam J. Allen ...... 10 00 Friends of Missions ...... 50 00 Mrs. Ellen Burnside ...... 10 00 Friends of Missions, In­ Mrs. A. R. Dickson ...... 10 00 gram , P a ...... 50 00 J. M. H am ilton ...... 10 00 David Junk ...... 50 00 In Memory of William Mil- Missionary Union, Moody holland ...... 10 00 Bible Institute, Chicago, Misses Nellie B. and Kate 111...... 50 00 M. Laughead ...... 10 00 Wm. McKinley ...... 50 00 Mission Fund, Princeton Mrs. Isabella Porter ...... 50 00 Theological Seminary ... 10 00 Wm. Shepherd ...... 50 00 M. L. M oore ...... 10 00 Weaver White ...... 50 00 Mrs. McClanahan. per Rev. Miss Mary C. Wilson, in Neal McClanahan ...... 10 00 Memory of her Mother, J. O. Springer ...... 10 00 Mrs. Mary Wilson ...... 50 00 John W. Snodgrass ...... 10 00 Iberia, Ohio, Congregation 50 00 Henry Scott ...... 10 00 t of Treasurer 235

Geo. B. Sims ...... 10 00 Mrs. A. F. Mickle ...... 5 00 H. S. W estbrook ...... 10 00 Wm. McKinley ...... 5 00 Miss Jennie W illiam s ___ 10 00 Miss Anna D. McClung... 5 00 Individual, Indiana Ftesby M iss Sadie J. Paden ...... 5 00 tery ...... 8 50 Mrs. Nannie Palmer ...... 5 00 Ross Chappell ...... •8 00 Miss Agnes Stewart ...... 5 00 Fort Morgan, Colo., Land 8 00 West End Mission, Xenia, Individual, College Springs Ohio ...... 4 96 Presbytery ...... 8 00 Mrs. J. A cheson ...... 4 00 Telephone Refund ...... 6 63 Individual, Chartiers Pres­ Individuals, Mercer Pres­ bytery ...... 50 4 00 bytery ...... 6 From Sale of Metal ...... 3 70 Robt. M. Work ...... 6 34 John W. Lawrence ...... 3 40 Rev. W. H. McMaster, Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Frazer P h.D ...... 6 09 3 13 A Friend of Missions...... 3 00 Miss Jennie H. Poole ...... 6 00 Mrs. E. J. Edwards...... 3 00 From Sale of Paper ...... 5 06 M iss A nnie J. M cK e e ...... 3 00 Amity, Ohio, Cong...... 5 00 Mrs. A. B. Ashenhurst... 5 00 Rev. James K. Quay Re­ Rev. W. W. Barr, D.D., fund ...... 2 70 M em orial ...... 5 Miss Lyda F. Lantz ...... 2 50 00 A. J. C. R obertson ...... John Broatch ...... 5 00 2 50 Miss E. J. B eatty ...... 5 00 Mrs. J. P. M atth ew s...... 2 00 George Coulter ...... 5 00 Mattie McArthur ...... 2 00 Miss Fay E. Duncan ...... 5 00 Second Church, Pitts­ Rev. Edw. A. Daum ...... 5 00 burgh, P a ...... 1 80 Mrs. Samuel D odds ...... 5 00 John Jongewaard ...... 1 50 Mrs. T. M. Harris ...... 5 00 J. W . D ickey, Int...... 1 13 Individual, Washington, Miss Emma M. Conner ... 1 00 Ohio ...... 5 00 Wm. Gowans ...... 1 00 Individual, Caledonia Pres­ Mrs. Elisabeth Miller .... 1 00 b ytery ...... 5 00 Miss Grace E. McClain___ 1 00 Individual, Bellefontaine, Mrs. Elvira Reisinger...... 1 0© Ohio ...... 5 00 W. E. Stevenson ...... 5C Individual, Florence Ave. Miss Mary Sanderson...... 50 Cong., Los Angeles, Cal. 5 00 Mrs. Helen E. M orrow.... 5 00 $9,578 83

YOUNG PEOPLE’S SOCIETIES. New Brighton, Pa ...... $ 120 01 Scottdale, Pa ...... 1 70 Second, New Castle, Pa... 110 0ft Allegheny Presbytery .. 35 00 Eastbrook, Pa ...... 100 00 Argyle Presbytery ...... 38 35 Second, Allegheny, Pa_____ 100 00 Beaver Valley Presbytery 490 70 A valon, P a ...... 80 00 Boston Presbytery ...... 6 69 Third, New Castle, Pa...... 78 3© Cedar Rapids Presbytery 20 00 Beaver Falls, Pa ...... 65 00 Chartiers Presbytery ----- 1,410 00 Center, Midway, Pa ...... 60 00 College Springs Presbytery 296 50 Conway, P a ...... 50 00 Delaware Presbytery ----- 7 09 Beaver, P a ...... 48 25 Frankfort Presbytery ... 10 20 Fair Haven, O hio ...... 47 25 Hudson Presbytery ...... 12 00 Ellwood City, Pa ...... 35 00 Illinois Southern Presby West Phila., Pa ...... 25 00 tery ...... 28 88 Darlington, Pa ...... 25 00 Indiana Northern Presby First, New Castle, Pa ...... 25 00 tery ...... 80 West Alexander, Pa ...... 25 00 Mansfield Presbytery ___ 15 00 Bellefontaine, Ohio ...... 23 33 Mercer Presbyters’- ...... • 66 Turtle Creek, Pa ...... 2® Ot Monongahela Presbytery 9 16 Harvard Heights, Los A* Muskingum Presbytery.. 9 15 geles, Calif...... 18 75 New Jersey Presbytery.. 7 00 Greeley, Colo...... 15 00 Mt. Jackson, Pa ...... 15 00 Ohio First Presbytery ----- 12 00 Oak Grove, Pa ...... 12 50 Philadelphia Presbytery.. 31 04 Highland, New Castle, Pa. 10 00 Rock Island Presbytery.. 23 00 First, Tacoma, Wash...... 8 30 Sidney Presbytery ...... 180 22 West 44th St., New York, Steubenville Presbytery . 23 51 N. Y ...... 5 00 Westmoreland Presbytery 4 30 South Philadeiphia, Pa., Wheeling Presbytery ----- 4 00 Junior ...... , ...... 5 00 Aspi nwall, Fa...... 5 00 $3,808 63

BEQUESTS. Estate of Hannah William­ Estate of Miss Nancy son, deceased, Income... $ 15 00 King, deceased ...... 24 10 Estate of Spencer W. Estate of R. C. McMaster, Blair, deceased ...... 975 00 deceased ...... 952 50 Estate of Mrs. Margaret Estate of David Doig, Sr., Robb, deceased, Income 1 0 00 deceased ...... 1,112 50 236 Detailed Statem of Treasurer

Estate of Ross, Interest .. 3 00 Estate of Martha E. Me Estate of Elizabeth E. Clester, deceased ...... 2,000 00 White, deceased, Income 24 00 Estate of Jennette Ralston, Estate of R. M. Stevenson, deceased ...... 50 00 deceased ...... 1,000 00 Estate of Mary E. John­ Estate of Margaret Smith, ston, deceased ...... 70 00 deceased ...... 415 10 Estate of Elizabeth A. Estate of Mrs. M. Robb, Hamilton, deceased ___ 50 00 deceased ...... 33 55 Estate of Susan McCon- Estate of Minta Borland, aughy, deceased ...... 26 50 deceased ...... 60 81 Estate of Samuel Grier, Estate of John R. Wilson, deceased ...... 100 00 deceased ...... 500 00 Estate of William Nesbitt, Estate of Nancy Purdy deceased ...... 100 00 Ewing, deceased ...... 300 00 Estate of Sarah H. Smith, Estate of Jane Hogg Gard­ deceased, per Trustees, ner, deceased ...... 1,43'8 90 General Assembly ...... 1,089 26 Estate of Elizabeth Walk­ Estate of Maria Thomp­ er, deceased ...... 500 00 son, deceased ...... 119 90 Estate of J. E. Parr, de­ Estate of Rev. E. N. McEl- ceased ...... 500 00 ree, deceased ...... 475 00 Estate of Nancy Caldwell, Estate of Mrs. Wm. Cros- deceased ...... 237 50 bie, deceased ...... 61 25 Estate of William M. St. Clair, deceased ...... 1,427 98 $14,549 73 Estate of Mrs. Mary Speer, deceased ...... 500 00 Estate of Ellen J. Duncan, LADIES’ MISSIONARY SOCIETIES. deceased ...... 48 03 Seventh, Philadelphia, Pa. $50 00 Estate of Jane Maria Craig, deceased ...... 79 85 Garrattsville, N. Y ...... 25 00 Estate of Isabelle J. Fer­ gus, deceased ...... 250 00 $75 00

FOREIGN FEI OWSHIP FUND. D ow A ikin ...... $10 00 Mrs. Mary Banker ...... 10 00 Mary H. Arthur ...... 5 00 Mrs. N. J. B lair ...... 5 00 John P. Aikin ...... 10 00 Mrs. Wm. Burwell ...... 10 00 A Friend “In His Name” 5 00 Elizabeth J. Bell ...... 3 00 J. M. A nderson ...... 10 00 Nettie I. Baird ...... 25 00 Janet C. A nderson ...... 10 00 Wm. Bandeen ...... 5 00 A Friend, Los Angeles, Anna M. B lair ...... 1 00 C alif...... 50 00 Miss Effie Barnes ...... 2 00 Mrs. S. G. A r m s t r o n g 5 00 S. L. B yers ...... 5 00 Mrs. Elizabeth Anderson .. 5 00 Robert R. Baldridge...... 1 00 A Friend ...... 15 00 Mrs. E. J. Dines Baxter... 10 00 J. V. A nderson ...... 25 00 W. H. Black ...... 10 00 Belle S. A rm strong ...... 5 00 M iss Sara M. Bell ...... 2 00 Mrs. Archie Anderson .... 10 00 Ruth M. Bem is ...... 10 00 M. L. Armstrong ...... 1 00 S. S. A rm strong ...... 10 00 Miss Sarah J. Burford .... 10 00 Mrs. M. PI. A cheson ...... 10 00 Mrs. Frank Barnes ...... 5 00 A Friend, McKeesport, Pa. 10 00 M iss E. J. B eatty ...... 10 00 A Friend, McKeesport, Pa. 5 00 Mrs. A. O. B lair ...... 12 00 Miss Margery L. Allison.. 5 00 Emma and Minnie Bindel 10 00 Melville Allen ...... 2 00 Mr. and Mrs. John Bech­ E va A dam s ...... 10 00 tel ...... 50 00 J. C. Allison ...... 10 00 M iss A. J. B oone ...... 5 00 A Friend ...... 10 00 T. M. Berryhill ...... 2 00 Miss Nellie Armstrong .. 10 00 Mrs. Wm. E. Browne .... 1 00 A Friend ...... 2 00 F. G. B oggs ...... 4 00 A Friend, Creston, la 15 00 R. J. B ailey ...... 5 00 Mr. and Mrs. A. Albert Al­ Elizabeth Boal ...... 10 00 len ...... 5 00 Mrs. G. W. Bailey ...... 2 50 John H. Ammon ...... 5 00 Mr. and Mrs. J. M. B or­ Mrs. James Archer ...... 25 00 land ...... 10 00 A Friend of Missions ...... 75 00 Rev. P. C. Banfleld ...... 5 00 Emma and Elsie Adair.... 20 00 Miss Martha L. Berry .... 10 00 A Contributor, Jersey City, Mrs. Margaret A. Boyd... 50 00 N. J...... 50 00 Misses Elizabeth and Jes­ Mr. and Mrs. G. W. Aikin 100 00 sie B lyth ...... 4 35 A Friend, Allegheny, Pa... 350 00 Mrs. R. L. Brownlee ...... 10 00 W. R. Andrews ...... 50 00 Oscar Baker ...... 2 00 A Friend ...... 5 00 Mrs. Jennie Borland ...... ,10 00 A Friend o f M issions 1,000 00 James Baas ...... 2 00 W. P. Barr ...... 10 00 Miss Mary Brownlee ...... 5 00 E. F. Brownlee ...... 5 00 Mrs. Anna M. Blake ...... 9 00 Detailed Statement of Treasurer 237

Elizabeth J. Bayha ...... 4 00 Mr. and Mrs. H. G. Espy.. 10 00 Mr. and Mrs. D. L. Bar- A . C. Evans ...... 125 00 ackm an ...... 15 00 Mrs. R. H. Edmonstone.. 8 00 Margaret A. Balph ...... 5 00 Lewis Fraser ...... 12 00 Miss Margaret J. Caskey.. 5 00 Marie Flexig ...... 2 00 Miss Elizabeth Caskey ___ 10 00 Miss Katherine Ford ...... 5 00 Mary U. Creighton ...... 2 00 Annie B. Fraser ...... 5 00 Mary A. Campbell ...... 2 00 Mrs. Elizabeth and Miss Thos. E. Carson ...... 5 00 Frazer ...... 15 00 Percy L. Craig ...... 250 00 F. B. Farren ...... 10 00 Mrs. Percy L. Craig ...... 250 00 C. T . F u llw o o d ...... 50 00 John R. Caldwell ...... 100 00 Mrs. Clara Farquhar 10 00 Mrs. J. B. Curry ...... 5 00 T. S. F razer ...... 10 00 Wm. Creswell ...... E. J. Forsythe ...... 5 00 5 00 Nettie Frazier ...... 1 00 J. A. Cathcart ...... 10 00 Eleanore W. Frechtling... 10 00 Mrs. W . N. Cowden ...... 5 00 W . M. F razer ...... 5 00 J. P. Cam eron ...... 10 00 Miss C. M. W . F oster .... 1 00 Seth Craig ...... 1 00 Mrs. J. S. Finley ...... 10 00 Jessie H. Crawford ...... 10 00 Mrs. Jennie Ferguson .... 1 00 Miss Bertha V. Caldwell.. 10 00 Mrs. Jennette Fuller ...... 5 00 Miss M. C athcart ...... 1 00 Mr. and Mrs. A. N. Fraser 25 00 James Corson ...... 100 00 James W. Gilmore ...... 25 00 R. N. Crooks ...... 50 00 Geo. R. Galbraith ...... 20 00 Margaret W. Collins ...... 10 00 Miss Katherine K. George 5 00 Mary H. Clark ...... 5 00 Nellie Girvan ...... 25 00 Mrs. A. M. C am pbell...... 10 00 Dr. M. E. Garrett ...... 10 00 Mrs. Mary Stewart Camp­ Maria Geary ...... 2 00 bell ...... 5 00 Judge James M. Galbreath 10 00 M. D. C...... 10 00 John A. Gibson ...... 5 00 Rev. J. T. Cam pbell ...... 10 00 Wm. A. Gillespie ...... 5 00 Miss Elizabeth Campbell.. 2 00 Margaret Gordon ...... 5 00 Ross Chappell ...... 15 00 Mr. and Mrs. F. A . Gaut 20 00 Em m a M. C o n n e r ...... 2 00 W. B. Glasgow ...... 5 00 Mrs. Smith Crawford ...... 25 00 Wm. Gowans ...... 5 00 Chas. W. Cook ...... 15 00 Mrs. W. K. George ...... 10 00 Sarah J. Cam pbell ...... 5 00 Margaret A. Given ...... 10 00 Mary Clark ...... 10 00 Mrs. J. G. Glasgow ...... 10 00 Mrs. Nellie Carrick ...... 1 00 W. B. Gilmore ...... 10 00 Mrs. J. H. Collins ...... 00 Mr. and Mrs. Clarence Gibb 5 00 10 Miss Joella F. Gowdy 5 00 Miss Ethel Collins ...... 5 00 W alter N. Grubbs ...... 1 00 Mrs. Jane Crosbie ...... 2 50 G. E. F. Gray ...... 500 00 Mr. and Mrs. J. B. Carson 10 00 G. H. Gilm ore ...... 5 00 C. D. Craig ...... 4 00 Mrs. E. J. Gowdy ...... 2 50 Miss Myra Z. Campbell ... 3 50 Miss Sarah G. Gowdy 1 50 Jennie Campbell ...... 1 00 Mrs. N. J. Graham 5 00 Mrs. J. J. Cam pbell ...... 5 00 Elizabeth Gillis ...... 10 00 Mrs. Margaret H. Cleland 200 00 R. E. Giffen ...... 5 00 W. E. Campbell and fam­ Mr. and Mrs. T. W. Gordon 50 00 ily ...... 25 00 Mrs. Margaret C. Good... 10 00 Frank S. Clark ...... 10 00 Mrs. Sarah Glenn ...... 50 00 Luella Crawford ...... 15 00 Andrew S. Hare ...... 5 00 John De Vinney ...... 10 00 M. Bertha Houston ...... 10 00 A. M. D ickson ...... * $5 00 Miss Eliza Harper ...... 5 00 Miss Katherine Davies___ 5 00 Ira B. Hood ...... 1 00 Mrs. J. E. D itm ars ...... 10 00 Alta Hathaway ...... 1 00 W . S. D oty ...... 500 00 Margaret Hofsteater ...... 3 00 Mrs. A. B. Dunlap ...... 5 00 Mrs. H. Alice Hays and Mabel Dobbin ...... 2 00 E dith C. H ays ...... 5 00 Mrs. A. B. Dickie ...... 5 00 Kenneth H. Hutchison ... 10 00 J. T. Du Shane ...... 1 00 Miss Mary Hay ...... 1 00 Jos. A. Dickey ...... 10 00 M ary M. H all ...... 5 00 P ress C. D ow ler ...... 10 00 Roy Harper ...... 1 00 Mrs. A. C. Dermond ...... 2 00 Mr. and Mrs. Cyrus Hoov­ Mary A. Dick ...... 2 00 er ...... 2 00 Miss L aura G. D o r s e y ----- 10 00 Mrs. J. F. H arper ...... 1 00 Jennie M. D ay ...... 5 00 Mary E. Hull ...... 5 00 Cora M. D avis ...... 10 00 Mrs. H. W. Heisler ...... 5 00 Sue D odds ...... 3 00 Mr. and Mrs. A. F. Hanna 5 00 Mrs. J. M. D ickson ...... o 00 Mrs. M. E. Hissong 1 00 Mrs. Mary N. Degelman .. 20 40 Mrs. Martha J. Houston. 10 00 G. J. O. D avidson ...... 20 00 Mrs. Margaret H. Heade.. 10 00 J. W. Davis ...... 5 00 M iss M. E. H erdm an ----- 5 00 Anna Duncan ...... 100 00 Mr. and Mrs. J. C. Hunter 5 00 Miss Katherine Dayton.. 10 00 A. J. Hurrell ...... 1 00 Mrs. Cordelia J. Diven... 10 00 Mrs. Margaret Hood ...... 5 00 M isses M. C. and A. C. Mr. and Mrs. Wm. Hutton 10 00 E aton ...... 15 00 Mrs. Jessie Harris ...... 20 00 Mrs. F. H. Edgerton ...... 5 00 Mrs. Joe Irwin ...... 10 00 Mary E. Elder ...... 5 00 D. W. Johnston ...... 2 00 Miss E. Dorothy Elliott... 5 00 Ula Johnston ...... 2 00 2 3 8 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

Ella Junk ...... 5 00 Mrs. J. C. Mitchell ...... 5 00 Dr. Anna M. Jack ...... 5 00 J. H. Maxwell ...... 10 00 David Junk ...... 50 00 Mrs. Josephine D. Martin.. 10 00 Miss R. H. Jamison ...... 1 00 Dr. E. R. Montzingo 5 00 Mrs. Eleanor Jamison 5 00 Mrs. H. E. Morrow ...... 5 00 Sarah G. Jamison ...... 5 00 M. B. Mitchell and family 5 00 S. P. Junk ...... 5 00 Jessie T. Mack ...... 100 00 Mrs. Sebert Jones ...... 5 00 Grace E. McClain ...... 2 00 John B. Kerr ...... 10 00 Mrs. M. J. McClain ...... 4 00 R. W. Knox ...... 1 00 Robert Kerr : ...... 10 00 Robert McGowan ...... 10 00 James L. King ...... 10 00 Miss Edith M. McBurney Elsie Kinning ...... 5 00 and Mrs. McBurney .... 8 00 Mrs. F. V. Kirkton and Margaret McClurkin ...... 25 00 daughters Eva and Ora- Mary E. McCoy ...... 2 00 lind ...... 1 50 Mrs. Mary A. McManis.... 5 00 D. E. Kane ...... 10 00 Miss Lizzie P. McCrea 5 00 Lucinda Kennedy ...... 10 00 Mrs. Margaret Junk Mc­ E. E. Kennedy ...... 5 00 D ow ell ...... 50 00 Mrs. A. G. King ...... 25 00 Chas. E. McGahan ...... 12 00 R. E. Kerr ...... 10 00 Mrs. R. L. McCully 5 00 Isabel Kerr ...... 50 00 Mrs. Sara C. McCall 10 00 Miss Rosaline Kellogg .... 2 00 T. D. McPhiliny ...... 3 00 Nellie Kunkle ...... 2 00 Jessie M cK ay ...... 5 00 Mrs. Charlotte Logan 5 00 J. A. McClurg ...... 3 00 Mr. and Mrs. James Lati- Mrs. Mary McKinley ...... 2 00 m ore ...... 5 00 Mrs. Robert McNeilly 5 00 Miss Anna B. Love ...... 1 00 Jeannette McFarland ...... 10 00 J. Ralph L yon s ...... 20 00 Elizabeth McFarland ...... 10 00 Grace Lytle ...... 20 00 D. J. McLay ...... 1 00 Isabella K. Lockhart 100 00 Dr. and Mrs. H. T. Mc­ Mrs. J. N. Lillie ...... 1 00 Laughlin ...... 100 00 Janet M. Lambie ...... 20 00 Anna D. McClung ...... 3 00 Elizabeth Lambie ...... 2 00 Mrs. E. S. McCulloch 2 00 Miss Jennie Lilja ...... 5 00 Miss Sara T. McCracken. 1 00 Miss Ruth Latta ...... 2 00 Eva McConnell ...... 1 00 W. M. Logan ...... 5 00 A. E. McLain ...... 1 00 S. R. L ov e ...... 10 00 Mrs. J. B. McClelland ----- 5 00 Mr. and Mrs. J. M. Lytle 20 00 Chas. M. McKee ...... 50 00 J. E. Miller ...... 15 00 Ella McKinley ...... 10 00 Miss Emma M abon ...... 15 00 Miss L. W. McKnight .... 1 00 Mrs. N. J. E. Martin 5 00 Mr. and Mrs. Hugh A. Mc­ Robt. Morton ...... 32 00 Millan ...... 10 00 M. E. Montgomery ...... 1 00 S. E. M cClarnen ...... 1 00 Maude Mitchell ...... 5 00 Maggie A. McCollam '...... 100 00 Margaret J. Means ...... 5 00 John A. McMorris ...... 10 00 Mrs. H. L. Miner ...... 10 00 Dr. V. A. McClanahan .... 50 Miss Martha Mehard .... 5 00 E. P. McVey ...... 5 00 Mrs. Sarah J. Morrison ... 50 00 Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Mc­ Mrs. Herman M iller ...... 2 00 Crea ...... 10 00 Dr. W. W. Milligan ...... 10 00 J. J. M c K n ig h t ...... 50 00 M. L. M oore ...... 10 00 D. H. McQuiston ...... 10 00 Mrs. R. I. Miller ...... 5 00 J. B. McMeehan ...... 5 00 Dr. Sara A. Moore ...... 5 00 Mrs. J. G. M c C r o r y 9 10 Mrs. J. J. M elick ...... 5 00 Geo. O. M itchell ...... 1 00 Mrs. F. M. McClanahan... 5 00 E. S. Moffet, Emma Shep­ Miss Elizabeth McMillen. 5 00 herd and Jennie R. Mof­ Miss Margaret McDill .... 5 00 fe t ...... 10 00 Miss Annie J. McKee 3 00 Elizabeth Muir ...... 10 00 Mrs. John McCrory ...... 5 00 Florence E. Mench ...... 5 00 Mrs. Jennie E. McCleery.. 10 00 Miss Halma Milne ...... 10 00 John R. McLean ...... 50 00 L ena M. M atth ew s..... 1 00 George and Orpha McKit- Mrs. Zella Moranville 3 00 rick ...... 5 00 Miss Anna A. Milligan .. 20 00 Mrs. Grace M cC lanahan.. 10 00 Mrs. W. D. Morrow 5 00 Mary M. McElree ...... 30 00 Mary E. Miller ...... 10 00 Mrs. Margaret L. McClen- Mrs. M. J. M aley ...... 25 00 ahan ...... 5 00 J. M. Morris ...... 250 00 R ev. J. A. M cA rthur ...... 25 00 Mrs. Ella M. Maxwell 5 00 N. B. Nelson ...... 15 00 Fred C. MacMillan...... 100 00 H . M. N e a l ...... 50 00 Mrs. J. M. M artin ...... 5 00 Mrs. Rachel M. Neal 40 00 Mrs. Minnie Mason ...... 5 00 Mrs. B. Nichols ...... 5 00 R. A. Mitchell ...... 5 00 Chas. M. Neeld ...... 1,000 00 Miss Margaret H. Moore- Miss Edith O’N eill ...... 10 00 head ...... 5 00 Miss Jennie H. Poole .... 2 00 Elizabeth M axwell...... 10 00 Robert M. Palmer ...... 5 00 C. M. M axw ell ...... 20 00 Mrs. J. W. P ry ...... 25 00 Mrs. Una Mary Mountford 5 00 H. R. Patton ...... 5 00 Wm. A. Milligan ...... 1 00 Mrs. Hattie S. Petrie 5 00 Detailed Statement of Treasurer 239

Rev. and Mrs. W. L. Pat­ Sophie Theilgaard ...... 3 00 terson ...... 5 00 Mr. and Mrs. Geo. Thomp­ W. L. Park ...... 10 00 son ...... 5 00 Thomas A. Purdy ...... 10 00 Edith Timblin ...... 1 00 Mrs. Parker ...... 1 00 D. D. Van Lew ...... 10 00 Lulu M. P atterson ...... 10 00 Rhuama Vincent ...... 8 00 Marie Peden ...... 1 00 C. O. Vance ...... 5 00 Miss Clara E. Philips ___ 5 00 Miss Harriet S. Wilson .. 1 00 Miss Ada B. Philips ...... 10 00 Mrs. F. H. Wheeler ...... 7 00 Mrs. Amanda H. Porter Miss Sarah J. Watson «... 5 00 and Mrs. Mary P. Kyle. 10 00 R. H. Williams ...... 10 00 J. A. Puntenney ...... 5 00 M iss E lla M. W ier ...... 5 00 Mrs. J. R. Plummer ...... 5 00 Miss Edna Woods ...... 2 00 Mrs. Jennie E. Q uay ...... 5 00 J. A. & M. E. Wright 10 00 Rev. Jas. K. Q uay ...... 75 00 Mrs. Geo. W. Whetstone.. 5 00 E m ily M. P orter ...... 5 00 Dr. Walter J. Wilson, Jr... 10 00 James Porter ...... 5 00 Mrs. Belle Wetmore ...... 1 00 Bina Porter ...... 5 00 Mrs. A. D. Wilhite ...... 1 00 Effie L. Porter ...... 5 00 T. P. Wilson ...... 10 00 Mrs. M ary J. P o l l o c k ...... 50 00 Women’s Bible Class, Long Samuel Reid ...... 35 00 Beach, Calif...... 2 00 Miss Laura D. Rudy ...... 10 00 May Winter ...... 5 00 Laura Ramsten ...... 1 00 Miss Jennie Williams .... 5 00 Mrs. H. A. Robertson and Miss Elizabeth M. Warden 100 00 Grace L. Robertson ...... 2 00 M iss A lice F. W a rd en 100 00 Mrs. Anna H. Russell...... 5 00 Miss Mary A. White ...... 5 00 Miss Martha Rankin ...... 1 00 Emma and Martha Wilson 3 00 -Jennie and Mary Rogers... 2 00 Esther W. Wilson ...... 1 00 Miss Lizzie A. B. Rea ..; . 5 00 W . G. W ilson ...... 5-00 Mrs. Elizabeth S. Rockwell 20 00 Mrs. Mary M. Wier ...... 5 00 Frances E. Robinson ...... 5 00 Mrs. F. M. W alker ...... 8 00 Miss Christini Robinson .. 2 00 Elizabeth Watson ...... 5 00 Mrs. E. K. Rankin ...... 3 00 Mrs. J. E. Wood ...... 2 00 TMrs. Catherine Ramsey.... 5 00 Mrs. Martha White ...... 50 00 Carrie M. Reed ...... 10 00 Rosa T. Wilson ...... 5 00 :Mr. and M rs. H. W . R ex - Jennie P. Wallace ...... 2 00 ford ...... 5 00 Mrs. J. P. W alker ...... 10 00 'Miss S. Nettie Robertson.. 10 00 Mary Y. Wilson ...... 5 00 Mattie Reed ...... 1 00 Y. P. C. U-, N ew B ethle­ Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Rey­ hem, New Sheffield, Pa. 15 00 nolds ...... 10 00 Maria E. C. Y ost ...... 5 00 Mrs. R. B. Robinson ...... 1 00 Foreign Sabbath School, Lillian E. Rogers ...... 10 00 Sharon, P a ...... 5 00 Dr. M. C. Ram aley ...... 25 00 Mrs. E. M. Giffen’s Class. Steele F. Stewart ...... 30 00 Second, New Concord. L. H. Sharp ...... 10 00 Ohio ...... 5 30 Dr. Nellie Slaght ...... 18 57 Mrs. E. E. Cleland’s Class, T>wight Sawhill ...... 5 00 Second, New Concord, 'William Shepherd ...... 50 00 Ohio ...... 15 00 Bertha H. Sawhill ...... 4 00 Ladies' Missionary Societ- Elizabeth Stotts ...... 10 00 ty, Troy, Mich...... 35 00 W . A. Smith ...... 15 00 Springhill Cong., Greens- -Jessie Simpson ...... 5 00 burg, Ind...... 6 90 Mrs. R. P. Salton ...... 1 00 Fourth Cong., Cleveland, Letitia J. Shannon ...... 2 00 Ohio ...... 50 00 Mary E. Simms ...... 5 00 Chartiers Cong., Canons- -Joseph M. Sapp ...... 5 00 burg, P a ...... 75 00 Anna M. Shane ...... 25 00 Fred O. Shane ...... 100 00 $10,413 12 Miss Mazie M. Stewart.... 5 00 -S. J. Shaw ...... 100 00 NON-RETRENCHMENT FUND. Mrs. W. W. Sanders and Mrs. Robert Clements... 14 00 A Friend of Missions .... $50 00 J . O. Springer ...... 20 00 Johnstown, N. Y., Cong... 50 00 •Jean Soults and Cora E. [rwin, P a ...... 30 00 Soults ...... 4 00 Ross Chappell ...... 25 00 -Mr. and M rs. C. J. Sutton 15 00 M iss M. L . M oore ...... 20 00 Mrs. Mark K. Stewart 5 00 Miss Flora Stewart 15 00 TMrs. R. B. Timmons 5 00 Misses Emma and Elsie TVIiss F aye T a y l o r ...... 10 00 A dair ...... 15 00 Eva B. Thompson ...... 20 00 Walton, Kans., Cong 15 00 ^Mrs. S. E. Thompson 5 00 Cora M. Davis ...... 10 00 Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Tate 25 00 Samuel Torrence ...... 10 00 Miss Sarah B. Thornton.. 2 00 S. R . L ove ...... 10 00 -J. H. T h o m p s o n ...... 5 00 Mrs. T. R. A ikin ...... 10 00 Miss Lizzie Thorburn .... 5 00 Misses M. E. and J. A. Miss Bertha Tinning 10 00 W r i g h t ...... 10 00 A. J. Taylor ...... 5 00 Miss Eva Adams and -Miss Belle Thompson .... 5 00 M other ...... 10 00 2 4 0 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

Lieut. H. H. Acheson 10 00 NEW MISSIONARIES FUND, Rev. Nat Childs ...... 5 00 1914-1915. Rev. T. E. Holliday, D.D... 5 00 Sewickley, Pa., Cong $677 00 J. D. Yarnall...... 5 00 College Springs, la., Cong. 600 00 J. W . G rove’s S. S. Class, A Friend ...... 400 00 Fourth, Allegheny, Pa... 5 00 Dr. Milford E. Barnes Re­ W. L. Beebout ...... 5 00 fund ...... 349 00 Miss Elizabeth McMillen... 5 00 Norris Square, Philadel­ Individual, Los Angeles phia, Sabbath School ... 200 00 Presbytery ...... 5 00 Rev. W. C. Porter Refund. 85 00 Mrs. A. B. Dunlap ...... 5 00 Y. P. C. U„ Clearfield, la. 42 30 Sarah B. Huston ...... 5 00 Y. P. C. U., Clarinda, la... 30 00 Mrs. Belle Foster ...... 5 00 Cunard Steamship Co., Re­ Mr. and Mrs. J. A. Briggs 2 00 fund ...... 23 11 Mrs. Fannie McDaud ...... 1 00 Y. P. C. U., Shannon City, Mrs. Georgie Jones ...... 1 00 la ...... 12 50 Seth Craig ...... 1 00 Mrs. J. G. Bull ...... 5 00 J. T . Du Shane ...... 1 00 Alexander Fullerton ...... 1 00 $2,423 91 Mrs. Hicks ...... 75 NEW MISSIONARIES FUND, $347 75 1917-1918. Sand Hill, Ohio, Cong $40 00 DR. T. A. LAMBIE FUND. Y. P. C. U., Second, New SUDAN BOAT FUND. Y ork, N. Y ...... $40 00 "Obedience” ...... $4,113 7S Mrs. R. M. Russell ...... 25 00 Y.. P. C. U., Dales Mem­ orial, Philadelphia, Pa.. . 5 00 GUJRANWALA SCHOOL, INDIA. $70 00 Southfield, Mich., Sabbath School ...... $20 05

PROF. CHARLES S. BELL FUND. MARTINPUR SCHOOL, INDIA. St. Clair, Pa., Cong...... $243 50 “Obedience” ...... $2,000 00 W. M. S., Fourth, Alle­ Brotherhood Bible Class, gheny, P a...... 100 00 Ingram , P a ...... 125 00 Mrs. Caw’s Class, Eighth, Allegheny, Pa ...... 93 75 $2,125 00 Miss Sarah J. Anderson... 25 00 Mrs. Chas. Dinkey ...... 25 00 INTEREST. Bellevue, Pa., Sabbath School ...... 25 00 Corn Exchange National Bellevue, Pa., Y. P. C. U.. 25 00 Bank ...... $'609 83 Wheatland, 111., Y. P. C. Fidelity Trust Company... 67 10 U ...... 25 00 $676 93 $562 25 ANNUITY INTEREST. NEW MISSIONARIES FUND, Mortgage Interest Undes­ 1910-1911. ignated ...... $2,400 98 Corn Exchange National Mrs. Margaret Junk Mc­ B ank ...... 398 70 D ow ell ...... $700 00 West Penn Railroad Gold Mrs. Ruth Junk Campbell. 700 00 B onds ...... 37 50 $1,400 00 $2,837 18

N E W M ISSION ARIES, 1911-1912. ANNUITY FUND PRINCIPAL. Messrs. Bogle Bros...... $1,200 00 Andrew Rutherford ...... $3,000 00 Shadyside, Pittsburgh, Pa., Mrs. A. B. A sh en h u rst... 2,000 00 C ong...... 895 00 Miss Sarah Nettie Robert­ First, Des Moines, la., son ...... 1,000 00 Cong...... 7S5 00 Augustus Miller ...... 1,000 00 Third, Des Moines, la., John M. H am ilton ...... 1,000 00 C ong...... 415 00 Mrs. Amanda Blythe ...... 1,000 00 Butler Presbytery ...... 325 40 Mrs. Henrietta Buck ...... 800 00 Union, Pa., Cong...... 45 40 R obert S. Stew art ...... 500 00 Y. P. C. U „ W hite Oak Miss Ella McKinley ...... 500 00 Springs, Pa ...... 30 00 Mrs. A. L. Dickson ...... 500 00 White Oak Springs, Pa., Miss Rosaline Kellogg ___ 500 00 C ong...... 10 00 Mr. and Mrs. Robert H. Harmony, Pa., Cong...... 10 00 Gault ...... 500 00 Zelienople, Pa., Cong...... 6 55 Miss Mary J. Brown ...... 325 00 $3,722 35 $12,625 00 Detailed Statement of Treasurer 241

THOMAS AND ELIZABETH Mc- : M arch 9 ...... 7,510 00 CARRELL MEMORIAL FUND | March 10 ...... 101 00 M arch 31 ...... 276 50 PRINCIPAL. i A pril 6 ...... 7,207 00 Miss Elizabeth McCarrell. $1,000 00 j April 23 ...... 3,978 00 $103,185 73 JOHN BELL MEMORIAL FUND PRINCIPAL. ASSIUT COLLEGE. Estate of John Bell, de­ Miss Christine A r b u c k le ... $1,000 00 ceased ...... $400 00 Hon. James N. Galbreath. 225 00 $1,225 00 MRS. ALICE MILLER EBERBACH FUND PRINCIPAL. GIRLS’ COLLEGE, CAIRO. Mrs. Alice Miller Eber- j Mrs. Peter McCornack ... $150 00 bach -----„ ...... $2,000 00 ! Miss Carrie M. Buchanan. 75 00 Union Missionary Society, Western College, Oxford, ROBERT WOOD LYNN MEMORIAL Ohio ...... 25 00 FUND PRINCIPAL. $250 00 Mr. and Mrs. H ugh Lynn $2,000 00 ALEXANDRIA BUILDING FUND. WASIF TEKLA MEMORIAL FUND Sixth, Pittsburgh, Pa., PRINCIPAL. C ong...... $300 00 $1,000 00 JOHN S. F O W L E R O R PH A N A G E , THE SEVERANCE MEMORIAL CAIRO. FUND PRINCIPAL. $1,000 00 “Obedience” ...... $3,386 23 Interest ...... 191 66 HENRY MEMORIAL FUND $3,577 88 PRINCIPAL. $1,500 00 ESTATE OF WILLIAM WHITING MISS DOROTHY H. P. HUMPH­ BORDEN, DECEASED. REY MEMORIAL PRINCIPAL. 1916. June 21 ...... $ 1,875 00 $2,500 00 1917. January 13 ...... 32,125 00 JARVIS MEMORIAL FUND PRIN­ M arch 15 ...... 1,125 00 CIPAL. $1,500 00 $35,125 00 AMEEN KHAYAT MEMORIAL ALLEGHENY NILE BOAT. FUND PRINCIPAL. Interm ediate C. E. S., N or­ $ 1,000 00 ris Square, Philadelphia $25 00 Mrs. Anna M. Burns ...... 5 00 BUSTA BEY KHAYAT MEMORIAL $30 00 FUND PRINCIPAL. ; $1 ,000^00 | UPPER NILE BOAT. “Obedience” ...... $5,500 00 WOMEN’S BOARD. 1916. ARMENIAN RELIEF. M ay 9 $120 00 M ay 22 ...... 80 00 Sunday School Times ___ $189 00 M ay 24 ...... 237 50 Readers of Everyland ..... 45 25 June 9 ...... 7,910 00 Miss Susan Mendenhall... 40 00 June 10 ...... 66 50 Bellefontaine, Ohio, Cong. 40 00 June 24 ...... i 40 00 Beaumont, Calif., Bible July 10 ...... 8,544 00 School ...... 34 08 July 14 ...... 81 52 Whittier, Calif., Cong. ... 14 60 July 19 ...... 100 00 A Friend ...... 10 00 A ugust 8 ...... 8,286 00 Stafford, Kans., Cong...... 8 10 Septem ber 11 8,615 00 Beaumont, Calif., Cong----- 7 65 September 15 ...... 4,000 00 Rev. Jas. D. Lytle, D.D... . 2 00 O ctober 9 ...... 7,966 50 A Member of Second November 13 ...... 12,580 21 Church, Philadelphia .. . 1 00 D ecem ber 11 ...... 8,605 50 A Friend ...... 1 00 1917. Miss C. M. W . F oster .... 1 00 January 5 ...... 8,200 00 February 9 ...... 7,780 50 $393 68 February 16 ...... 900 00 242 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

SPECIALS TO EGYPT. A m erican B ible Society . . . $2,000 00 Second, New York, N. Y., Mrs. Orphi Nesbitt Elder. 500 00 C ong...... 25 00 Mrs. Edna B. P arr ...... 400 00 Mrs. Lucy H. Holm es ...... 25 00 Rev. J. P. Finney ...... 400 00 First Presbyterian Church, Beaumont, Calif., Cong., Charlestown, W. Va. ... 25 00 Los Angeles Presbytery 360 00 Miss Ida Woods ...... 25 00 Mrs. Marga-ret Peebles 300 00 Elizabeth Morrow ...... 20 00 Albia, Iowa, Cong...... 275 00 Dr. Anna Watson ...... 20 00 Men’s Missionary League, S. S. Class and Teacher, Columbus, Ohio ...... 250 00 Hopewell, Beloit, Kans.. 18 00 First, New Concord, Ohio, Miss Ella Hess, in Mem­ C ong...... 225 00 ory of her Mother. Mrs. Chas. W. Wade ...... 200 00 M ary J. Hess ...... 15 00 Sabbath School Classes, Mrs. Jean B. Lake ...... 15 00 Sterling, Kans...... 175 00 Seventh, Phila., Pa., Dor­ L . C. M oore ...... 150 00 cas Teas Society ...... 15 00 The Robert Dunlap Fund, Miss Clara L. Taylor ...... 15 00 Second Church, Phila.... 100 00 W . M. S., N ew burgh, N. Y. 15 00 Mrs. Nettie W. Martin... 100 00 Mrs. Elizabeth Roy ...... 12 00 “In His Name” ...... 100 00 W. M. S., Scroggsfleld, Mrs. Sarah J. Greggs ----- 100 00 Ohio ...... 10 07 A Friend, per Miss Carrie H. B. Hanson ...... 10 00 M. Buchanan ...... 100 00 Mrs. W. P. Hultz ...... 10 00 Miss Nettie L. Downie .... 100 00 Mr. and Mrs. T. L. Baird.. 10 00 John McCandless ...... 80 09 J. W ilbur Randolph ...... 10 00 Y . W. M. S., First, Steub­ Miss S. Nettie Robertson.. 10 00 enville, Ohio ...... 75 00 Y. P. C. U., Brinton Ave., Miss Margaret A. Bell 75 00 North Braddock, Pa. .. 10 00 Progressive Class, Hope- First, Chicago, 111., S. S.. 10 00 well, Beloit, Kans 72 00 Miss Emma Schneider ... 10 00 Canonsburg, Pa., Primary Mrs. Ella Aten ...... 10 00 Department ...... 70 00 Pullm an, W ash., S. S...... 10 00 Miss May E. Henry 53 00 Mrs. Jennie Bleakney ...... 6 68 First Mansfield, Ohio, S. Minden, Nebr., Cong...... 6 52 S...... 50 00 Miss Nellie Moore ...... 5 20 G eorge C. Shane ...... 50 00 Mrs. Clara Houston Klein’s Rev. and Mrs. M. H. Mc- M other ...... 5 00 M illen ...... 50 00 Miss Nancy E. McFarland 5 00 A F riend ...... 50 00 Miss Ada Herrett ...... 5 00 Rev. A. M. Stevenson ----- 50 00 Mrs. A nna M. Burns ...... 5 00 Mrs. Henry Bell ...... 50 00 Miss Rebecca Bailey ...... 5 00 Central Omaha, Nebr., S. Cradle Roll, Richmond, S...... 50 00 K an s...... 4 00 Jos. H. Walker ...... 45 00 Mrs. E. E. Johnston ...... 4 00 Seventh, Phila., Pa., L. M. Mrs. M cD ow el’s S. S. Class, S...... 45 00 First, Washington, la. .. 4 00 Mrs. F. L. Bigham ...... 40 29 P aw nee City, Nebr., S. S. 3 50 Elizabeth B. Reid ...... 40 00 Miss Bernice Hunting .... 2 00 Mrs. E lizabeth M cG eoch .. 40 00 Rev. H . M. Goodell ...... 1 55 Second Mile Class, St. Clair S. S., Pittsburgh, $7,488 88 P a ...... 36 00 Mrs. A. H. Jamison ...... 35 00 Rev. A. A. Seso ...... 35 00 MISCELLANEOUS. Miss Carrie M. Buchanan.. 35 00 Dr. and Mrs. M. C. Ram- Montgomery Ward and Co., aley ...... 35 00 Special to Egypt ...... $15 97 Alvan R. Hunt ...... 25 00 Presbyterian Minister’s Mrs. W. K. Given ...... 25 00 Fund, Special to Egypt. 6 14 Junior Missionary Society, First, Indiana, Pa ...... 25 00 $ 2 2 11

SPECIALS TO INDIA. Mr. and Mrs. John G. Pew $1,025 00 Mrs. Emma Cooper and “ Obedience” ...... 1,000 00 Sisters ...... 180 00 Thomas H adley ...... 800 00 Tarkio, Mo., S. S., Birth­ Mt. Prospect and Peters day Offering ...... 158 59 Creek Congregations and Mrs. Martha, E. N elson . . . 150 00 F riends ...... 642 50 Mrs. Mary Montgomery ... 150 00 N ew K ingston, N. Y., Members of Shadyside Cong., Delaware Presby­ Cong., Pittsburgh, Pa. .. 126 00 tery ...... 300 00 Mrs. Mary N. Degelman... 120 00 F irst, Oakm ont, Pa., S. S. 275 00 Young Women’s Bible J. B. Sutherland ...... 253 00 Class, Third, New Cas­ Queen Esther Circle, First, j tle. P a ...... 100 00 Chicago, 111...... 207 90 R. B. Taggart ...... 100 00 Rev. Elbert L. McCreery.. 200 00 I J. C. Clem ents ...... 100 00 Detailed Statement of Treasurer 243

Rev. A. W. Martin ...... 100 00 Bible Class, Canonsburg, Miss F. E. Fetherston burg, P a ...... 25 00 Memorial, to Mrs. Eliza­ Y. P. C. U., D e Lancey, beth S. Fetherston ...... 100 00 N. Y ...... 25 00 Margaret R. Forsythe ___ 75 00 Rev. S. C. P i c k e n ...... 25 00 Students, Xenia Seminary 66 00 Rev. Moses Hay ...... 25 00 T. P. C. U., First, Seattle, Loyal Daughters, S. S. W ash...... 62 50 Class, Latrobe, Pa ...... 25 00 Greeley, Colo., Cong...... 62 00 A Friend, per Laurella G. Wm. M. Doig ...... 60 00 D ickson ...... 25 00 L. C. Johnston’s Class, Mrs. Alice Lewis ...... 25 00 Fourth, Allegheny, Pa. .. 60 00 Misses Isabell and Margar­ Miss Mary M. McCalmont 55 00 et Gillis ...... 25 00 Y. P. C. U., E . 187th St., Camp Creek, Tenn., Cong. 25 00 N. Y ...... 51 70 Horse Creek, Tenn., Cong. 25 00 St. Philip’s Bible Class, E. B. McAllister ...... 25 00 Grand Ave., Cedar Rap­ Men’s Class, Oak Park, ids, la ...... 50 00 Phila., P a ...... 25 00 Golden R ule' S. S. Class, Mrs. Elizabeth McCampbell 25 00 First, New Concord, Miss A da M. P urdy ...... 25 00 Ohio ...... 50 00 Fred C. M acM illan ...... 25 00 Mr. and Mrs. R obert C. Rev. James K. Quay ...... 25 00 McQuilkin ...... 50 00 Mr. and Mrs. John Bech­ Rev. W . J. B uchanan .... 50 00 tel ...... 25 00 Russell Galt ...... 50 00 Junior Dept., Oak Park, Mrs. John Lilga ...... 50 00 Phila., P a...... 25 00 Friend, per Mrs. Blanche David Elwood Class. La­ D. N icoll ...... 50 00 trobe, P a ...... 25 00 Miss Anna Fulton ...... 50 00 Second, New Concord, Class No. 9, First, West Ohio, Cong...... 25 00 N ewton, P a ...... 50 00 First, Omaha, Nebr., S. S. Mrs. Henderson and Mrs. Birthday Offerings ...... 24 18 Linn, in Memory of Ninth Ave. Church, Mon­ Mother, Mrs. Sarah m outh, 111...... 2 0 20 D ougherty ...... 50 00 Flora J. Jamison Mission Geo. W. Aikin ...... 50 00 Circle Center, Midway, Mr. and Mrs. R. A. Ache- P a ...... 20 00 son ...... 50 00 Members of Sharon, Pa., Connellsville, Pa., S. S----- 45 00 Church and S. S...... 2 0 00 Primary Dept., Third, Spo­ Philathea Class of Young kane, W ash ...... 45 00 Ladies, Marissa, 111...... 20 00 Miss J. E. Ashton’s Class, Class No. 6, Cadiz, Ohio.. 20 00 Salem, N. Y ...... 40 00 Latrobe, Pa., S. S ...... 20 00 A. B. L aw ...... 40 00 Junior Y. P. C. U., S ec­ First, Akron, Ohio, Cong.. 40 00 ond, New York, N. Y... 18 00 Hanover, 111., Cong...... 36 00 W. M. S., Fall River, Mass. 16 00 Young Men’s Bible Class, Detroit, Mich., and Toledo, First Church, Phila., Pa. 35 00 Ohio, C ong...... 15 00 Women’s Bible Class, Y. P. C. U., Johnstown, N. North Bend, Nebr...... 35 00 Y ...... 15 00 Miss Laura B. Hamilton... 35 00 Friend of India, Puget Samuel Torrance and T. G. Sound ...... 15 00 P eacock ...... 35 00 Elizabeth Gordon Circle, Mrs. Laura H. Newlin .... 33 00 Second, Monmouth, 111.. 15 00 Third, Pittsburgh, Pa., S. Minden, Nebr., Cong...... 14 10 S...... 32 99 Miss Margaret McCullough 12 50 Kimbolton, Ohio, S. S...... 30 00 Miss Elizabeth McCahon, J. W. Calhoun ...... 30 00 Unexpended Travel Bal­ Y. P. C. U., Herron Hill, ance ...... 10 21 Pittsburgh, Pa ...... 30 00 Jean Morrison Circle ...... 10 00 Y. P. C. U., W isconsin Boys’ Intermediate Dept., Presbytery ...... 30 00 Sewickley, Pa...... 10 00 Y. P. S. C. E., Pilgrim Y. P . C. U., N orth Y a k i­ Church, Dorchester, ma, W ash ...... 30-00 M ass...... 10 00 First, Akron, Ohio, Birth­ Rev. W. B. Anderson, D.D 10 00 day Offerings ...... 30 00 Ottawa, Kans., Cong...... 10 00 Class No. 3, Greensburg, Beginner’s Class, Center, P a ...... 28 75 M idway, P a ...... 10 00 South Henderson Cong., Union S. S., Mars, P a ...... 10 00 Gladstone, 111...... 26 00 Miss S. Nettie Robertson.. 10 00 Misses J. and F. Wallace. 25 00 Junior Boys’ Class, Liberty Drs. Claussen and Claus- S. S., Hubbard, Ohio .. . 10 00 sen ...... 25 00 J. W . Newlin ...... 10 00 Miss C. M. W . F o s t e r ...... 25 00 Center Ridge, Home Mis­ Y. W. M. S., Boulevard sion S. S., Hill Top, Ark. 7 10 Church, Phila., Pa ...... 25 00 Mrs. Jennie Bleakney ___ 6 66 Miss Mary D. Kuhn ...... 25 00 Mrs. Jennie Case ...... 6 00 First, Mansfield, Ohio S. S. 25 00 Unity, Pa., S. S...... 6 00 244 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

Berean Bible and Friends ESTATE OF WM. REED, Class, Second, Monmouth, 111...... 6 00 DECEASED. D. W. Cummings ...... 5 00 1916. Mrs. and Miss Wilson .... 5 00 June 1 $253 03 Mrs. Emily N. Francis ... 5 00 Mrs. Flora B. Bowen ...... 5 00 FRONTIER MISSION HOSPITAL. A Friend, Mahoning Y. M. C. A., M onm outh Church, Brookville Pres­ College ...... : ...... $83 00 bytery ...... 5 00 Dr. Milford E. Barnes, Re­ A Friend, per Rev. E. E. fund ...... 31 00 Cleland ...... 5 00 Aledo, 111.. Cong...... 20 00 Mrs. Mary Hopkins ...... 5 00 Helen Margaret Milne ... 2 00 Sarah J. M axw ell ...... 3 00 Mrs. Lillian Brandon ...... 3 00 $136 00 Thos. E. Carson ...... 2 00 A Friend, per Mrs. W. N. Cowden ...... 2 00 SPECIALS TO SUDAN. Miss Kate A. Hill ...... 1 00 Dr. T. A. Lambie ...... $70 00 Mrs. Edith Morton ...... 1 00 Samuel Reid ...... 50 00 Two little girls, Milroy, Lela D. Green ...... 50 00 Ind...... 1 00 L incoln Ave. S. S., P itts­ M argaret M. W ilson ...... 1 00 burgh, P a ...... 50 00 Sterling, Kans., Cong...... 50 Miss Aulora McIntyre ---- 25 00 Miss Ida Woods ...... 25 00 $8,973 38 Y. P. C. U., Second, Buf­ falo, N. Y ...... 25 00 Three Primary Classes, INDIA PERMANENT EQUIPMENT Northfield, Ohio ...... 18 00 FUND. Mrs. M. M cClain ...... 10 00 Miss Mary McLean ...... 10 00 A. N. Fraser, S ecretary .. $2,000 00 First, Denver, Colo., Mis­ “Obedience” ...... 2,000 00 sionary Society ...... 10 00 First, Allegheny, Pa., Men's Bible Class, Norris C ong...... 991 35 Square, Phila...... 5 00 Shadyside, Pittsburgh, Pa., Y. P. C. U., First, Colo­ C ong...... 205 00 rado Springs, Colo...... 5 00 Olivet Cong., West Leban­ Rev. H. M. Goodell ...... 1 15 on, P a ...... 116 00 Miss Margaret Boyd ...... 1 00 Mary Veghti Veeder ...... 100 00 Mrs. D. McClay ...... 50 y. P. C. U., Atlantic Ave., McKeesport, Pa ...... 100 00 $355 65 Class No. 33, Fourth, Al­ legheny, Pa...... 100 00 SUDAN BO YS’ HOME. Bellevue, Pa., Cong..... 75 00 A Friend, per Miss L. G. Mrs. J. G. Bull ...... $5 00 D ickson ...... 50 00 Y. P. C. U., M orning Sun, Ohio ...... 35 00 MATURED ANNUITY DONATION. Mrs. Archie Anderson .... 25 00 C. D. B ent ...... $2,000 00 C. E. S., L on g Beach, C alif...... 15 00 Intermediate Society, Sec­ SUDAN FUND. ond, P hila...... 15 00 Mrs. A. L. Dickson ...... 10 00 Men’s Association, Sixth, F. B. Anderson ...... 10 00 Pittsburgh, Pa...... $2,800 00 Jas. M. Lyons ...... 7 00 Men’s Association, Sixth, West Newton, Pa., S. S... 6 00 Pittsburgh, Bequest, Es­ Mrs. W. N. Cowden ...... 5 00 tate of Wm. Campbell, Miss Mary Knox’s Class, deceased ...... 23'8 15 Second, Phila...... 5 00 A Friend of Missions .... 15 00 Miss Emma Lewis’s Class, Second, Phila...... 5 00 $3,053 15 Y. P. C. U.. Greeley, Colo. 5 00 Wooster, Ohio, Cong...... 5 00 ' LOST BAGGAGE FUND. Peter’s Creek, Pa., Cong. 5 00 Walton, Kans., Cong...... 4 10 Insurance Co. of North A m erica ...... $4,955 00 $5,894 45 PROF. RALPH R. STEWART LADIES’ MISSIONARY SOCIETIES. SCHOLARSHIP. Columbia University, New Stuebenville Presbytery .. $25 00 Y ork ...... $1,000 00 Vermont Presbytery ...... 14 00 Argyle Presbytery ...... 10 00 Everett, Wash ...... 5 0 0 MARY PRATT DORMITORY. $54 00 Mrs. Mary Pratt ...... $100 00 Detailed Statement of Treasurer 245

WAR SUFFERERS: POLAND, SER­ MRS. ELIZA J. DALES MEMORIAL BIA, ALBANIA AND FRENCH FUND INCOME. PROTESTANT CHURCH. 1916. M ay 15 ...... $6 92 Rev. Jas. D. Lytle, D.D.. $8 00 June 7 ...... 96 July 1 20 77 1917. DR. T. A. LAMBIE’S HOSPITAL. January 29 ...... 11 16 Young Ladies, First, Co­ A pril 30 ...... 9 63 lumbus, Ohio ...... $127 00 Hanover, 111., Cong...... 25 00 $49 44 WALLACE KIDD MEMORIAL $152 00 FUND INCOME. SEMI-CENTENNIAL FUND. 1916. June 12 ...... $30 00 West Penn Railroad Bonds, December 16 ...... 30 00 Inc...... $62 50 $60 00 MILTON STEWART EVANGELIS­ SARAH A. SAWYER MEMORIAL TIC FUND. 1917. FUND INCOME. March 14 ...... $15,000 00 1916. June 26 ...... $75 00 October 16 ...... 19 50 EGYPTIAN TRUST FUND December 11 ...... 89 72 INCOME. December 26 ...... 75 00 1916. 1917. May 4 ...... $11 25 February 6 ...... 21 28 May 6 ...... 30 00 M arch 31 ...... 19 50 May 12 ...... 21 00 October 28 ...... 11 25 $300 00 November 28 4 50 GIBSON TRUST FUND INCOME. December 1 ...... 30 00 1916. 1917. M ay 1 ...... $133 33 February 16 ...... 21 00 June 5 ...... 133 33 M arch 7 ...... 4 50 July 3 ...... 133 33 March 27 ...... 21 00 August 7 ...... 133 33 April 28 ...... 27 75 Septem ber 8 133 33 September 18 ...... 6 67 $182 25 O ctober 9 ...... 140 00 N ovem ber '8 ...... 140 00 MATTHEW NICKLE MEMORIAL December 12 ...... 140 00 FUND INCOME. 1917. 1916. January 8 ...... 140 00 May 4 ...... $39 00 February 13 ...... 140 00 November 11 ...... 39 00 M arch 13 140 00 A pril 20 ...... 140 00 $78 00 $1,653 32 MATTHEW NICKEL MEMORIAL FUND IN TRUST INCOME. ARCHIBALD LENDRUM FUND 1916. INCOME. May 4 ...... $51 00 1916. N ovem ber 11 ...... 5100 M ay 12 ...... $30 00 M ay 15 ...... 63 00 $102 00 June 5 ...... 37 71 June 26 39 00 July 15 ...... 90 00 REV. JOHN B. DALES, D.D., SEMI­ July 22 ...... 2 61 CENTENNIAL FUND INCOME. August 5 ...... 60 80 1916. A ugust 15 ...... 72 00 November 28 ...... $75 00 September 23 33 00 1917. October 16 ...... 12 00 M arch 7 ...... 75 00 December 26 ...... 39 00 April 28 ...... 125 00 January1917‘ 16 ...... 1 30 $275 00 January 20 ...... 63 00 January 29 ...... 150 81 MR. AND MRS. GEO. S. BRUSH February 16 ...... 30 00 February 21 ...... 8 10 ENDOWMENT FUND INCOME. February 28 ...... 126 00 1916. M arch 19 ...... 33 00 August 21 ...... $30 00 M arch 27 ...... 30 00 1917. M arch 31 ...... 12 00 M arch 19 ...... 30 00 A pril 28 ...... 8 10 $60 00 $941 43 246 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

L. AND M. E. A. FUND INCOME. SAMUEL KERR FUND INCOME. 1916. 1916. July 8 ...... $30 00 M ay 4 ...... $79 50 1917. M ay 15 ...... 18 00 January 8 ...... 30 00 June 7 ...... 2 50 June 12 ...... 3 00 $60 00 July 8 ...... 36 30 July 15 ...... 15 00 July 31 ...... 40 84 PRESSLY MEMORIAL FUND A ugust 5 ...... 36 00 INCOME. A ugust 21 ...... 18 10 October 11 ...... 6 75 1916. October 16 ...... 15 00 M ay 15 ...... $23 03 October 23 ...... 12 90 June 7 ...... 3 20 October 28 ...... 79 50 A ugu st 17 ...... 90 75 December 16 ...... 3 00 October 11 ...... 20 25 1917. November 28 ...... 34 04 January 8 ...... 36 30 1917. January 29 ...... 15 00 February 12 ...... 90 75 February 28 ...... 36 00 M arch 7 ...... 34 04 M arch 19 ...... 18 30 A pril 11 ...... 20 25 M arch 31 ...... - ...... 15 00 A pril 28 ...... 56 73 April 11 ...... 6 75 A pril 23 ...... 12 90 $373 04 April 28 ...... \43 10 $649 74 STERRETT AND AGNES CUM­ MINS MEMORIAL FUND MRS. JANE E. MACK MEMORIAL INCOME. FUND INCOME. 1916. 1916. M ay 4 ...... $4 50 October 23 ...... $15 00 October 28 ...... 4 50 1917. 1917. A pril 23 ...... 15 00 February 21 ...... 18 90 A pril 28 ...... 27 00 $30 00

$54 90 ELLA JANE DYSART FUND IN­ COME. 1916. MARY L. PRATT FUND INCOME. July 8 ...... $15 00 1916. 1917. July 25 ... $9 00 January 8 ...... 15 00 1917. January 16 9 00 $30 00

$18 00 JAM ES S. M cN A R Y FU N D INCOME. CAMPBELL B. HERRON MEMOR­ 1916. July 8 ...... $26 70 IAL FUND INCOME. July 22 ...... 45 80 1916. December 14 ...... 78 80 July 22 ...... $40 00 1917. December 14 ...... 157 60 January 8 ...... 26 70 1917. January 16 ...... 35 80 January 16 ...... 20 00 A pril 2'8 ...... 66 22 A pril 28 ...... 132 44 $280 02 $350 04 MARY STERRITT MEMORIAL JAMES JUNK FUND INCOME. FUND INCOME. 1916. 1916. M ay 12 ...... $30 00 M ay 6 ...... $14 30 June 12 ...... 12 00 December 1 ...... 1429 July 8 ...... 12 00 July 15 ...... 37 50 $28 59 July 22 ...... 33 00 October 23 ...... 25 50JOSEPH AND ELIZA BARR MEM­ December 16 ...... 12 00 1917. ORIAL FUND INCOME. January 8 ...... 12 00 1916. January 16 ...... 7050 November 28 ...... $28 50 February 16 ...... 30 00 1917. M arch 27 ...... 30 00 M arch 7 ...... 28 50 A pril 23 ...... 25 50 A pril 28 ...... 47 50 $330 00 $104 50 Detailed Statement of Treasurer 247

ELIZA CHRISTIE FUND INCOME. CHARITY PORTER MEMORIAL FUND INCOME. 1916. $21 61 1916. M ay 6 ...... July 31 ...... $77 58 July 8 ...... 60 00 July 1 5 ...... 30 00 August 5 ...... 8 39 THOM AS S. A N D M A RY J. M c- August 21 ...... 47 53 CL AN AH AN MEMORIAL FUND August 26 ...... 15 00 November 28 ...... 30 00 INCOME. 21 61 191«. December 1 ...... M ay 15 ...... $30 00 1917. November 11 ...... 30 00 January 8 ...... 90 00 January 29 ...... 8 39 $60 00 March 6 ...... 15 00 March 7 ...... 30 00 March 19 ...... 45 00 McCARRELL-MOORE FUND IN­ April 28 ...... 50 00 COME. 1916. $472 53 A ugust 3 ...... $10 17 1917. JAMES AND AGNES SANKEY February 21 ...... 27 00 MEMORIAL FUND INCOME. $37 17 1916. August 15 . $30 00 KENNETH WILSON SMITH MEM­ 1917. February 12 ORIAL FUND INCOME. 30 00 1916. July 1 ...... $6 75 $60 00 1917. January 29 ...... 3 63 ROBERTSON MEMORIAL FUND April 30 ...... 3 12 INCOME. 1916. $13 50 August 5 ...... $15 00 1917. MRS. AGNES A. CLARK, JESSIE February 28 ...... 15 00 AND MARY CLARK MEMORIAL $30 00 FUND INCOME. 1916. M ay 12 ...... $9 00 ELIZABETH ADAIR CURRIE M ay 15 ...... 6 00 FUND INCOME. November 11 ...... 6 00 1916. 1917. May 1 5 ...... $27 00 February 16 ...... 9 00 June 5 ...... 17 29 M arch 27 ...... 9 00 August 15 ...... 33 00 1917. $39 00 January 20 ...... 33 00 February 28 ...... 54 00 NELSON PRATT MEMORIAL FUND INCOME. $164 29 1916. REV. W. W. BARR, D.D., MEMOR­ July 1 .. . $27 00 IAL FUND INCOME. 1917. 1916. January 29 14 50 May 15 ...... $15 00 April 30 .. 12 50 1917. February 28 ...... 30 00 $54 00 $45 00 ROBERT WOOD LYNN MEMORIAL BED, INCOME. MARGARET WILSON MEMORIAL H ugh Lynn ...... $50 00 FUND INCOME. 1916. July 8 ...... $30 00 ROBERT WOOD LYNN MEMORIAL 1917. SCHOLARSHIP, INCOME. January 8 ...... 30 00 Hugh Lynn ...... $50 00 $60 00 REV. JOHN M. ADAIR MEMORIAL ROBERT DWIGHT FOSTER FUND INCOME. MEMORIAL FUND INCOME. 1916. M ay 15 ...... $30 00 1916. A ugust 3 ...... 20 32 July 8 . . . $30 00 November 20 ...... 30 00 1917. 1917. January 8 30 00 February 21 ...... 54 00

$60 00 $134 32 248 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

NATHANIEL* B. HAYDEN MEMOR­ MARTHA J. McGINNIS MEMORIAL IAL. FUND INCOME. FUND INCOME. 191«. 1916. October 23 ...... $57 60 July 22 ...... $19 50 1917. 1917. A pril 23 ...... 57 60 January 16 ...... 9 76 $115 20 $29 26 REV. DAVID M. URE, D.D., MEM­ ALEXANDER H. McARTHUR ORIAL FUND INCOME. FUND INCOME. 1916. 1916. M ay 8 ...... $30 00 July 22 ...... $60 00 M ay 15 ...... 28 50 1917. June 26 ...... 40 50 January 16 ...... 30July 00 1 ...... 90 00 July 15 ...... 88 75 $90 00 July 31 ...... 44 86 A ugust 15 ...... 75 00 REV. JAMES PRICE, D.D., MEM­ A ugust 19 ...... 21 00 A ugust 26 ...... 150 30 ORIAL FUND INCOME. O ctober 2 ...... 90 00 1916. October 14 ...... 43 75 October 23 ...... $1 50 October 27 ...... 50 83 December 11 ...... 46 08 November 20 ...... 28 50 1917. December 4 ...... 40 50 F ebruary 6 ...... 10 92 1917. A pril 23 ...... 1 50 January 2 ...... 90 00 January 8 ...... 45 00 $60 00 January 20 ...... 1J.8 75 January 29 ...... 44 86 JOHN BELL MEMORIAL FUND M arch 6 ...... 71 93 INCOME. A pril 2 ...... 90 00 1916. A pril 14 ...... 43 75 M ay 1 ...... $210 00 April 18 ...... 35 92 M ay 15 ...... 33 00 June 17 ...... 20 00 $1,362 50 July 31 ...... 12 00 A ugust 15 ...... 60 00 MRS. FRANCES M. URE MEMOR­ Augrust 26 ...... 2 36 IAL FUND INCOME. September 18 ...... 60 90 1916. September 23 ...... 72 30 M ay 15 $7 10 October 23 ...... 20 37 June 7 ...... 1 00 November 24 ...... 210 00 June 26 ...... '...... 41 00 December 10 ...... 12 621 June 30 ...... 69 00 1917. July 3 ...... 177 50 January 4 ...... 60 00 July 31 ...... 3 14 January 29 ...... 12 00 A ugust 3 ...... 30 48 February 12 ...... 60 00 A ugust 5 ...... 35 81 M arch 3 ...... 23 00 September 1'8 ...... 1 00 M arch 6 ...... 41 36 September 19 ...... 50 00 M arch 12 ...... 39 00 October 16 ...... 48 00 M arch 19 ...... 12 00 October 23 ...... 75 00 M arch 24 ...... 60 00 N ovem ber 8 ...... 60 00 A pril 23 ...... 30 00 November 10 ...... 1 00 November 21 ...... 135 00 $1,050 61 December 4 ...... 23 00 December 20 ...... i .. 69 00 MARY BOYLE MEMORIAL FUND 1917. January 8 ...... 118 00 INCOME. January 24 ...... 98 42 January 29 ...... 38 94 (Per Trustees’ General Assembly). February 21 ...... 107 01 M arch 19 ...... 50 00 1916. M arch 27 ...... 75 00 O ctober 6 ...... $240 00 M arch 31 ...... 3 00 1917. A pril 11 ...... 60 00 F ebruary 240 00 April 28 ...... 26 01 April 30 ...... 48 76 $480 00 $1,452 17 JOHN AND ANN JANE CRAIG PRESSLY FUND INCOME. MEMORIAL FUND INCOME. 1916. 1916. November 28 ...... $72 87 O ctober 16 $31 50 1917. 1917. M arch 7 ...... 72 87 M arch 31 . 31 50 A pril 28 ...... 121 46 $63 00 $267 20 Detailed Statement of Treasurer 249

EGYPTIAN THEOLOGICAL SEM­ MRS. ALICE MILLER EBERBACH INARY ENDOWMENT FUND FUND INCOME. INCOME. 1917. April 23 ...... $60 00 1916. November 2'8 ...... $150 00 1917. AMEEN KHAYAT MEMORIAL March 7 ...... 150 00 FUND INCOME. April 28 ...... 250 00 1916. December 16 ...... $30 00 $550 00 ROBERT BRADEN MEMORIAL BUSTA BEY KHAYAT MEMORIAL FUND INCOME. FUND INCOME 1916. 1916. December 16 ...... $30 00 July 31 $81 67 SEVERANCE MEMORIAL FUND ELLA M. FLOYD MEMORIAL INCOME. FUND INCOME. 1916. 1916. December 16 ...... $30 00 May 16 ...... $30 00 November 17 ...... 30 00 INVESTMENTS AND LOANS. $60 00 Matured Mortgages ...... $15,200 00 Delaware and Hudson Co. MARTHA B. WARDEN MEMORIAL Bond ...... 1,000 00 FUND INCOME. Loan Repaid ...... 120 00 1916. O ctober 2 ...... $150 00 $16,320 00 1917. April 2 ...... 150 00 Philadelphia, M ay 12th, 1917. $300 00 To the Board of Foreign Missions of the United Presbyterian Church J. S. A N D JEN N IE GORM LEY of North America. ADAIR MEMORIAL FUND IN­ Gentlem en: COME. I hereby certify that I have exam­ 1916. ined the accounts and vouchers of July 31 ...... $15 00 1917. Robert L. Latimer, Treasurer, for January 29 ...... 15 00 the year ending April 30th, 1917, and find same correct. $30 00 The cash balance, securities and MRS. MARTHA J. BROWN MEM­ investments have been verified by ORIAL FUND INCOME. me, and I also certify same to be 1916. correct. October 18 ...... $27 00 1917. Respectfully submitted, April 4 ...... 27 00 JOHN A. STEWART, $54 00 A uditor. 250 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

DETAILED STATEMENT OF TREASURER

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF RECEIPTS From May 1st, 1917 to A pril 30th 1918

PRESBYTERIES. A lbany ...... $2,914 91 L ake ...... 2,114 58 A llegheny ...... 20,850 48 Le Claire ...... 738 61 A rgyle ...... 3,573 07 Los Angeles ...... 3,742 28 Arkansas Valley ...... 2,373 42 M ansfield ...... 1,190 06 Beaver Valiev ...... 6,890 66 M ercer ...... 3,891 06 Big Spring ...... 1,346 36 M onm outh ...... 4,425 99 B oston ...... 1,526 77 Monongahela ...... 31,615 02 Brookville ...... 249 18 M uskingum ...... 3,926 70 B utler ...... 5,404 37 New Jersey ...... 1,224 31 Caledonia ...... 3,487 87 N ew Y ork ...... 211 46 Cedar Rapids ...... 2,791 48 Ohio, First ...... 2,985 93 Chartiers ...... 7.569 23 Oklahoma ...... 242 29 Chicago ...... ■ 2',757 89 Om aha ...... 2,043 39 Cleveland ...... 5,364 45 Oregon ...... 705 72 College Springs ...... 4,474 4a P aw nee ...... 1,815 95 C olorado ...... 3,054 48 Philadelphia ...... 7,727 '80 C oncordia ...... 261 11 Pittsburgh ...... 534 56 Conem augh ...... 2,556 64 Puget Sound ...... 1,014 23 D elaw are ...... 2,60'8 14 Rock Island ...... 2,387 88 Des Moines ...... 2.299 21 San Francisco ...... 1,810 43 D etroit ...... 1,707 31 Sidney ...... 2,207 75 F rank fort ...... 1,138 81 Spokane ...... 464 52 G arnett ...... 795 71 Steubenville ...... 4.239 53 H udson ...... 994 21 Tennessee ...... 95i> 40 Idaho ...... 449 01 T exas ...... 287 46 Illinois Central ...... 1,104 19 Uncompahgre ...... 114 43 Illinois Southern ...... 4,009 87 V erm ont ...... 306 82 Indiana ...... 1,870 04 Westmoreland ...... 7,406 ."3 Indiana Northern ...... 360 26 W heeling ...... 4,604 04 Iowa Northwestern ...... 242 00 W isconsin ...... 1,067 00 Kansas City ...... 1,286 02 X en ia ...... 4,532 55 K eokuk ...... r...... 4,228 04 Kiskiminetas ...... 2,064 64 $203,141 53

SABBATH SCHOOLS. J. G. Paton Bible Class, Co-Workers Bible Class, Beaver Falls, Pa...... $500 00 Riverside, Calif...... 25 00 First, Indiana, Pa ...... 400 00 San Diego, Calif...... 25 00 Houston, Pa ...... 387 00 Homer City, Pa ...... 23 12 Seventh, Philadelphia, Pa. 300 00 Ray, Ind...... 22 00 Union, McKees Rocks, Pa. 250 00 Putnam, N. Y ...... 21 71 First, Allegheny. Pa ...... 200 oo ; Andrew, la ...... 19 00 Monmouth, Calif...... 110 €1 ! Buena Vista. Pa...... 15 75 First, McKeesport, Pa___ 100 00 McDonald, Pa ...... 15 00 Summerset, la ...... 96 67 Sandy, P a ...... 11 63 Wharton Square, Phila., Little Muskingum, Ohio... 10 40 Pa...... 75 00 Shenango, Pa ...... 10 00 Second, Washington, la. .. 61 00 First, Tacoma, Wash ...... 9 •84 North, Philadelphia, Pa... 60 00 Alexis, 111...... 9 60 First, Wilkinsburg. Pa.... 58 78 ' Brinton Ave., Pittsburgh, First, Wheeling, W. Va... 50 00 P a...... 6 40 First, Buffalo, N. Y ...... 50 00 Orchard, Nebr...... 5 15 Norris Square, Phila., Pa. 50 00 ; Ladies’ Bible Class, First, Young Ladies’ Class No. Wilmerding, Pa ...... 5 00 7, West Newton, Pa. .. 48 00 ! Primary Dept., Sharon, Biggsville, 111...... 47 92 P a ...... 5 00 Ninth. Monmouth, 111...... 42 33 j Beginners’ Dept., Sixth, Sewickley. Pa...... 38 00 ! Pittsburgh, Pa ...... 3 00 Whitinsville, Mass...... 30 00 ! Guthrie, Okla...... 3 00 Etna, P a ...... 30 00 : Albany Presbyterv ...... 104 80 Waterford, Pa ...... 27 00 Allegheny Presbytery ----- 125 97 Detailed Statement of Treasurer 251

Argyle Presbytery ... 368 16 Iowa Northwestern Pres­ Arkansas Valley Presby­ bytery ...... 10 00 tery ...... 58 79 Kansas City Presbytery. 129 54 Beaver Valley Presbytery 258 99 Kiskiminetas Presbytery. •85 00 Big Springs Presbytery . 181 62 Lake Presbytery ...... 102 54 Boston Presbytery ...... 109 15 Le Claire Presbytery ___ 61 46 Brookville Presbytery .. 36 76 Los Angeles Presbytery. 31 84 Butler Presbytery ...... 139 18 Mercer Presbytery ...... 380 77 Caledonia Presbytery ... 171 56 Monmouth Presbytery .. 28 23 Cedar Rapids Presbytery 24 50 Monongahela Presbytery. 414 09 Chartiers Presbytery ... 232 35 Muskingum Presbytery .. 502 75 Chicago Presbytery .... 32 00 New Jersey Presbytery . . 6 25 Cleveland Presbytery ... 443 00 New York Presbytery ... 20 00 Colorado Presbytery ... 50 60 Ohio, First Presbytery .. 275 05 Concordia Presbytery .. 22 10 Pawnee Presbytery ...... 25 15 Conemaugh Presbytery . 83 26 Philadelphia Presbytery . 709 62! Delaware Presbytery .. 189 45 Pittsburgh Presbytery .. 3 60 Des Moines Presbytery . 465 20 Puget Sound Presbytery. 21 33 Detroit Presbytery ...... 128 00 Rock Island Presbytery.. 43 -60 Frankfort Presbytery . 185 90 San Francisco Presbytery 15 29 Garnett Presbytery .... 87 87 Sidney Presbytery ...... 131 44 Hudson Presbytery .... 121 021 Spokane Presbytery .... 87 74 Idaho Presbytery ...... 74 01 Steubenville Presbytery . 373 65 Illinois Central Presbytery 44 95 Westmoreland Presbytery 597 47 Illinois Southern Presby­ Wheeling Presbytery .. 153 37 tery ...... 222 06 Xenia Presbytery .... 43 63 Indiana Presbytery ...... 130 56 Indiana Northern Presby $11,606 13 tery ...... 3 00

INDIVIDUALS.

Walter P. Frazer ...... $1,400 00 Mr. and Mrs. S. C. Gibson 100 00 Mr. and Mrs. R. Degelman 1,320 00 Mrs. Sarah Glenn ... 100 00 James. Wallace ...... 1,000 00 Miss Libbie Morrow . 100 00 Rev. W. R. Coventry Re­ Friends ...... 90 00 fund ...... 929 34 Mrs. Ada Reber ...... 85 00 Rev. James K. Quay Re­ Wilda K. Barnes ...... 81 02 fund ...... 728 32 Atchison, Topeka and San First Church, Monmouth, ta Fe Railroad Refund 77 76 111...... 613 00 J. W . Jackson ...... 75 00 The Howison Fam ily ...... 500 00 Houston Valley, Tenn Individuals, Scotch Ridge, C o n g ...... 66 10 Ohio ...... 500 00 J. O. Springer ...... 60 00 Charles M. Neeld ...... 500 00 A Friend, Hanover, 111.. 50 00 Fred O. Shane ...... 362 00 Mr. and Mrs. J. V. Ander Two Friends, Alleghenv, son ...... 50 00 P a...... 350 00 A Friend, Wichita, Kans 50 00 A Friend ...... 335 10 A Member of Harmony Frank L. Gibson ...... 300 00 Church, Butler Presby Rev. J. A. Williamson, tery ...... 50 00 D .D ...... 300 00 Mrs. Henry Bell ...... 50 00 Rev. Raymond L. Edie Re­ Mr. and Mrs. C. T. Full fund ...... 219 34 w ood ...... 50 00 J. M. B row n ...... 200 00 Friends of Missions, In .lames Hoven ...... 200 00 gram , P a...... 50 00 Wm. Hamilton Annuity... 200 00 Iberia, Ohio, Cong...... 50 00 Mrs. Alex. Sheriff ...... 200 00 S. P. J u n k ...... 50 00 Mr. and Mrs. G. W . Aiken 150 00 Lisbon, N. Y., Cong...... 50 00 A Friend ...... 150 00 John Lamont ...... 50 00 Miss Elizabeth M. Warden 150 00 Missionary Union, Moody Y. M. C. A. and Y. W . C. Bible Institute, Chicago A., Westminster College, 111...... 50 00 New Wilmington, Pa.... 145 67 Mrs. Sarah J. Morrison.. 50 00 A. Friend of Missions...... 135 00 Mr. and Mrs. J. M. P in ­ V. M. C. A., P ittsburgh kerton, in Memory of Theological Seminary ... 132 50 Son ...... 50 00 Rev. Thos. F. Cummings, Mrs. Mary J. Pollock ...... 50 00 D .D ...... : ...... 130 00 Wm. Shepherd ...... 50 00 Miss Alice F. Warden ...... 125 00 Mrs. E. M. Saunders...... 50 00 E. H. Mahood ...... 114 00 Two Members of Second A Friend, Jersey City, N. Church, Wilkinsburg, J...... 100 00 P a ...... 50 00 A Friend, Monmouth, 111.. 100 00 Kenton. Ohio, Property... 48 36 A Friend, per Rev. J. S. Rev. Ainsworth Hope .... 44 80 Trum bull ...... 100 00 Miss Sarah McFarland ... 40 00 A Contributor, Jersey City, Miss Nancy J. McFarland 40 00 N. J...... 100 00 Mrs. Margaret McCready. 40 00 A Friend of Missions .... 100 00 Individual, Xenia Presby­ Rev. E. A. Daum Refund.. 100 00 tery ...... 35 00 F. B. Farren ...... 100 00 Mr. and Mrs. John Bechtel 32 50 252 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

Frank S. Clark, E sq...... 30 00 Miss Emma L. Anderson.. 5 00 Miss Sarah J. Campbell... 25 00 Miss M. A. Bell ...... 5 00 Mr. and Mrs. Geo. M. Rev. W. W. Barr, D.D., Glass ...... 25 00 M em orial ...... 5 00 M. E. H anna ...... 25 00 Miss Elizabeth J. Bayha.. 5 00 Mrs. Jean B. Lake ...... 25 00 W. W. B rah am ...... 5 00 Rev. P. P. McClester ...... 25 00 Mrs. M. E. E vans ...... 5 00 Frank N. Seigel ...... 25 00 A. M. F orsythe ...... 5 00 Mrs. Elizabeth Thompson. 25 00 Margaret Gordon ...... 5 00 Young Women’s Bible Mrs. L. A. Hall ...... 5 00 Class, Westminster Col­ Mrs. W . S. H e w i t t ...... 5 00 lege ...... 25 00 Mrs. G. H . Lathrop ...... 5 00 Mrs. Lula Wilkerson Re­ W. McKeown ...... 5 00 fund ...... 23 25 Miss Margaret McDill .... 5 00 Rev. W. H. McMaster, Miss M. L. Moore ...... 5 00 P h.D ...... 23 13 Mrs. N. J. E. Martin 5 00 Lyman T. Bixler, Property 20 25 Mrs. W. D. Morrow ...... 5 00 Individual ...... 20 00 Misses I. A. and C. Mun- Mrs. Sarah Monteith 20 00 roe ...... 5 00 Mrs. L. J. Oliver and J. E. M illen ...... 5 00 D aughter ...... 20 00 Miss Elizabeth Paterson.. 5 00 J. B. Porter and Sons.... 20 00 Mr. and Mrs. Addison C. Rev. James G. Hunt, D.D. 18 00 R aw s ...... 5 00 C. E. and S. S., Carnahan Lora Smith ...... 5 00 Creek, Kans...... 17 23 Miss Agnes Smith ...... 5 00 Individual, Tennessee Letitia Shannon ...... 5 00 Presbytery ...... 17 00 S. S., Curw ensville, Pa------5 00 A Friend in Cambridge... 15 00 J. S. T hom pson ...... 5 00 Mrs. Samuel Dodds ...... 15 00 Mrs. G. H. T hom pson ----- 5 00 M iss Edna J. Giffen ...... 15 00 Prof. Alex. H. Wright .... 5 00 Individual, Sidney Presby­ Miss Lillian A. Wallace.. 5 00 tery ...... 15 00 Mrs. M. C. Baird ...... 4 00 Mrs. Sinah Kirkland ...... 15 00 Individual, Detroit Presby­ F rank J. M cF ate ...... 15 00 tery ...... 4 00 H. Cliffe Rankin ...... 15 00 Missionary and Efficiency W. W. Renkin ...... 15 00 Balance, 1916-1917 ...... 4 00 Mr. and Mrs. R. Somerton Ernest Oberg ...... 4 00 Stanley ...... 15 00 S. E. Hood, Int...... 4 00 John C. W allace 15 00 Mrs. E. J. Edw ards ...... 3 00 Rev. F. N. Crawford ...... 14 85 Anna D. McClung ...... 3 00 Shedds, Oregon, Cong...... 14 Q0 Mrs. M. C. Reaves ...... 3 00 Mrs. Jennie Bleakney ___ 13 33 Miss Lvda F. Lantz ...... 2 50 M aps ...... 12 71) Mary Palmer ...... 2 50 Prof. R. R. Stewart Re­ Individual, Arkansas Val­ fund ...... 11 38 ley Presbytery ...... 2 08 S. I. A cheson ...... 10 00 Miss Mary Brownlee ...... 2 00 A Friend, Sewickley, Pa... 10 00 Seth Craig ...... 2 00 Miss Winifred J. Anderson 10 00 “From A Shut In” ...... 2 00 Mrs. T. R. Aikin ...... 10 00 W. McKinley ...... 2 00 David Bailie ...... 10 00 Mr. and Mrs. Stephen Rog­ Mrs. C. C. B alch ...... 10 00 ers ...... 2 00 Mr. and Mrs. John M. Bor­ J. W. D ickey, Int...... 1 75 land ...... 10 00 A Friend, Glendora, Calif. 1 00 G. V. Currie ...... 10 00 Cash ...... 1 oo Esther Cajrothers 10 00 W. H. Thompson ...... 1 00 Mrs. A. L. Dickson ...... 10 00 Miss Bessie L. Thompson. 1 00 J. M. D avis ...... 10 00 Mrs. A. L. Thompson ...... 1 00 Jennie M. D ay ...... 10 00 H arriet S. W ilson ...... 1 00 L. M. Fulton ...... 10 00 Individual, San Francisco Mrs. Elizabeth Frazer and Presbytery ...... 56 Miss Lizzie J. Frazer ... 10 00 Rev. and Mrs. John B. $15,261 36 G allow ay ...... 10 00 J. M. H am ilton ...... 10 00 YOUNG PEOPLE’S SOCIETIES. Mrs. Henrietta M. Harvey 10 00 D. E. Kane ...... 10 00 Second, Allegheny, Pa. ... $150 00 Mrs. S. A. McCall ...... 10 00 Flnsthrnnk Pa 100 00 Mrs. Grace McEwen ...... 10 00 Avalon IPsl •...... 80 00 Mr. and Mrs. John Mc- New Brighton, Pa ...... 70 00 C rory ...... 10 00 First, New Castle, Pa. ... 62 50 Mrs. Grace McClanahan.. 10 00 Beaver Falls, Pa ...... 60 00 Mrs. M. L. McClanahan... 10 00 Evans City, Pa ...... 50 00 Mrs. S. E. Rinn ...... 10 00 Beaver, P a ...... 50 00 Henry Scott ...... 10 00 West Middletown, Pa...... 50 00 Geo B Sims 10 00 Mt. Prospect, Pa ...... 45 00 C. J. Sutton ...... 10 00 Fredericksburg, Ohio ...... 35 00 W. W. Saunders ...... 10 00 Economy, Ambridge, Pa.. 25 00 R ev. W . C. P orter ...... 9 00 Second, Wheeling, W. Va. 25 00 Mrs. A. S. Sm ith ...... 8 50 Fifth, Philadelphia, Pa.... 17 00 Chicago, Burlington and Salinas. Calif...... 15 00 Quincy R. R. Refund... 8 14 Camp Run, New Wilming­ John Hazlett ...... 6 25 ton, Pa...... JU w Detailed Statement of Treasurer 253

Donora, P a ...... 5 00 LADIES’ MISSIONARY SOCIETIES. Paterson, N. J ...... 5 00 West 44th St., New York, Seventh, Phila., Pa...... $100 00 Junior ...... 5 00 Dorcas Teas, Young La­ Allegheny Presbytery ...... 45 00 dies’ Society, Seventh, Argyle Presbytery ...... 17 14 Phila., P a ...... 50 00 Arkansas Valley Presby­ Hebron, Ind., Young La­ tery ...... 2 50 dies’ Society ...... 5 00 Beaver Valley Presbytery. 87 50 Boston Presbytery ...... 5 00 $155 00 Boston Presbytery, Jun­ iors ...... 5 00 S.-O.-S. FUND. Chartiers Presbytery ...... 953 00 Leigh Alexander ...... $3 00 College Springs Presbytery 160 00 A. B. Anderson ...... 50 00 Delaware Presbytery .... 47 82 John P. Aikin ...... 5 00 Des Moines Presbytery... 53 01 A Friend ...... 10 00 Frankfort Presbytery .... 12 60 A Friend, Monmouth, 111... 50 00 Hudson Presbytery ...... 6 00 Chas. J. A nderson ...... 10 00 Illinois Southern Presby­ A Friend, Rimersburg, Pa. 5 00 tery ...... 33 29 E. Anderson ...... 5 00 Indiana Presbytery ...... 4 00 Lida Armstrong ...... 10 00 Indiana Northern Presby- Rev. W. M. Anderson, D.D., 3 20 and Friends in North Monongahela Presbytery.. 1 21 Church, Phila., Pa 10 00 Muskingum Presbytery . . 40 38 A Friend ...... 2 00 New Jersey Presbytery . . 5 00 A Friend, Los Angeles, Ohio First Presbytery .... „ 10 00 C alif...... 1 00 Pawnee Presbytery ...... 4 00 D ow A ikin ...... 10 00 Philadelphia Presbytery .. 33 64 A Friend of Missions, Los Sidney Presbytery ...... 56 85 Angeles, Calif...... 100 00 Texas Presbytery ...... 2 00 Mr. and Mrs. R. A. Ache- Westmoreland Presbytery. 7 50 son ...... 10 00 Wheeling Presbytery ...... 4 00 E va Adam s ...... 10 00 John Anderson ...... 25 00' $2,459 14 Margery L. Allison ...... 5 00 A Friend, Keokuk, la 20 00 M. Emma Adair and Elsie Adair Hall ...... 25 00 BEQUESTS. Mrs. S. G. A rm stron g 5 00 Mrs. A lton S. A dam s ...... 1 00 Estate of Hannah Wil­ Jeanne Adams ...... 1 00 liamson, deceased, In­ Besse Adams ...... 1 00 com e ...... $15 00 Rev. and Mrs. C. C. Adam s 5 00 Estate of Rev. Henry Wal­ Emma L. Anderson ...... 5 00 lace, L L.D ., d ecea sed .. 1,000 00 Winifred J. Anderson 10 00 Estate of Mary M. Burns, Mrs. E lizabeth S. C. A r­ deceased ...... 79 27 cher ...... 10 00 Estate of Samuel W. Me- A Friend, McKeesport, Pa. 10 00 vay, deceased ...... 913 21 A Friend of Missions, Estate of Minta Borland, Grandview, la ...... 50 00 deceased ...... 267 32 Mrs. Allison ...... 1 00 Estate of Ross, Interest . . 6 00 A Friend, Fredericksburg, Estate of Jane Maria Ohio ...... 20 00 Craig, deceased ...... 333 33 Miss Nellie Armstrong.... 20 00 Estate of Jane Maria T. M. B erryhill ...... 5 00 Craig, deceased. Income 10 00 Mrs. E. P. Bourquin ...... 5 00 Estate of Sarah McCarson, Mr. and Mrs. D. L. Bar- deceased ...... 50 00 ackm an ...... 25 00 Estate of Elizabeth E. Elizabeth Boal ...... 25 00 White, deceased, Income 27 00 S. L. B yers ...... 10 00 Estate of Sarah J. Gaddis, Rebecca Bailey ...... 10 00 deceased ...... 100 00 Olive E. Best ...... 10 00 Estate of Josephine E. R ev. P. C. Banfleld ...... 10 00 Sloan, deceased ...... 5,802 72 Wm. Bandeen ...... 5 00 Estate of Mrs. A. E. Per­ Mrs. Ella F. Brown ...... 10 00 ry, deceased ...... 950 00 “H. E. B.” ...... 3 00 Estate of Elizabeth Walk­ W. H. Black ...... 5 00 er, deceased ...... 450 00 Mrs. M. A. B oyd ...... 100 00 Estate of Susanna McCart­ Annie B. Black ...... 5 00 ney, deceased ...... 500 00 Mrs. A nna M. Burns ..... 15 00 Estate of Jas. S. Worden, Mrs. S. P. B utler ...... 5 00 deceased, Income ...... 25 50 Robert W. Butler ...... 25 00 Estate of John T. Peter­ Mrs. H. M. Bull ...... 5 00 son, deceased ...... 476 25 Euphemia Brown ...... 5 00 Estate of Clara McCoy, Mrs. Mary Banker ...... 5 00 deceased ...... 500 00 Mrs. Jas. Bruce ...... 2 00 Estate of John K. Faris, John Blakely ...... 2 00 deceased ...... 1,500 00 Elizabeth J. Bell ...... 2 00 Estate of Ida Ruby, de­ W. W. Braham ...... 25 00 ceased ...... 100 00 Sarah J. B urford ...... 15 00 Miss Sarah Boyle ...... 3 00 $13,105 60 J. K. B inder ...... 5 00 254 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

Anna M. B lair ...... 5 00 Mrs. S. C. Derm ond ...... 5 00 A. J. Blair ...... 5 00 Mrs. A. B. Dunlap ...... 10 00 Mrs. A. J. Blair ...... 3 00 Mrs. O. R. D egelm an ...... 125 00 Miss Maude Blair ...... 1 00 M. E. Douds ...... 50 00 Margaret Boyd ...... 5 00 Miss Kathryn Dayton .... 5 00 Margaret A. Balph ...... 3 00 Cora M. D avis ...... 18 00 Mrs. Lala A. Blair ...... 25 00 M. R. D ick ...... 60 00 Mrs. J. G. B ull ...... 10 00 Mr. and Mrs. A. C. Dun­ Mrs. Mary Bruce ...... 5 00 can ...... 10 00 Archie Browne ...... 5 00 Mrs. H. C. Delo ...... 3 00 Mrs. Anna Blake ...... 5 00 John De Vinney ...... 15 00 Mrs. E. E. Barr ...... 10 00 Mrs. J. W . D ickson ...... 5 00 E. I. and M. V. Bindel... 10 00 Sue D odds ...... 2 50 E. M. B oaz ...... 5 00 J. H. Duncan ...... 5 00 Mrs. R. J. B oys ...... 40 00 Miss Katherine Davies ... 5 00 Mrs. Louis Bauersachs... 2 00 Mrs. F. H. Edgerton ___ 10 00 Mrs. Wm. Boyd ...... 5 00 A. C. Evans ...... 50 00 Sara M. Bell ...... 2 00 Mrs. Herman Eavey ...... 5 00 Mrs. Ellen Burnside ...... 10 00 H. G. E spy ...... 10 00 Mrs. A. O. B lair ...... 10 00 Margaret J. Fergus ...... 5 00 E. F. Brownlee ...... 5 00 J. B. Fairm an ...... 2 00 W. L. Beebout ...... 10 00 Mr. and Mrs. C. T. Full- Miss Mary Brownlee ...... 4 00 w ood ...... 75 00 S. W . B oyd ...... 5 00 A. Ni Fraser ...... 20 00 Luella B. Crawford ...... 15 00 Mrs. M. Ferguson ...... 1 00 Mrs. T. H. Carson ...... 10 00 F. F ...... 40 00 Miss E. Caskey ...... 25 00 Miss A. Fione ...... 5 00 Miss Mary U. Creighton... 5 00 Marie Flexig ...... 2 00 Mrs. W. N. Cowden ...... 10 00 Miss Helen Foster ...... 1 00 Miss Emma Cross ...... 10 00 Miss Alice Foster ...... 50 Sarah A. Carothers ...... 5 00 Mrs. Margaret Forsythe.. 5 00 Adam H. Cormack ...... 25 00 Andrew Forsythe ...... 50 00 W. J. Cherry ...... 100 00 Eleanore W. Frechtling... 10 00 Mrs. James Cowan ...... 25 00 Freeport, Pa., S. S...... 25 00 Mrs. T. E. Carson ...... 2 50 Harold Fuchs ...... 1 00 T. E. Carson ...... 2 50 Susan French ...... 10 00 Miss Katherine Clark ___ 5 00 Mrs. Elizabeth and Lizzie F rank S. Clark ...... 25 00 J. F razer ...... 20 00 Mrs. A. E. Clapperton ... 2 00 Jennie P. Fife ...... 5 00 Cedarwood, Colo., Mission 6 20 Mrs. Jennette Fuller ...... 10 00 Rev. S. J. Colvin, D.D., Anna and Jennie Fuller­ and Ellen Colvin ...... 10 00 ton ...... 2 00 David Clark ...... 20 00 John S. F rench ...... 5 00 John J. Clarke ...... 5 00 Catherine, Isabel, Mrs. Margaret W. Collins ___ 30 00 French and C. C. French 20 00 R. N. Crooks ...... 25 00 Fourth Church, Cleveland, Myra Z. Campbell ...... 7 00 Ohio ...... 50 00 Mrs. J. R. Cam pbell ...... 25 00 James W. Gilmore ...... 25 00 Elsie M. Clark ...... 10 00 Lon E. George ...... 25 00 Cash ...... 1 00 Mr. and Mrs. Clarence Ross Chappell ...... 15 00 Gibb ...... 25 00 J. B. and N. L. Carson... 10 00 Katherine K. George ...... 5 00 Mrs. Anna M. Crawford... 10 00 W. R. Gray ...... 5 00 Mrs. Julia Cunningham... 8 00 Mrs. Eleanor R. Gibb .... 100 00 Mrs. Jane Crosbie ...... 5 00 Mrs. W . J. Gilm ore ...... 50 00 M rs. G. W . Crosbie ...... 5 00 Mrs. W. B. Glover ...... 10 00 John F. Craig ...... 10 00 Annie F. Given ...... 5 00 Agnes Chalmers ...... 25 00 Mrs. W. K. George ...... 15 00 W. E. Campbell, Heirs ... 15 00 Miss Sarah D. Gibson .... 10 00 Harriett A. Collins and Mr. and Mrs. F. A. Gaut 200 00 Mabel Collins ...... 15 00 Margaret Gordon ...... 5 00 Jam es S. Cam pbell ...... 10 00 Mrs. Frank Martin Giffen. 5 00 Mrs. H. A. Cooper ...... 5 00 Rowena Guthrie ...... 2 50 Mrs. C. Cum m ins ...... 10 00 J. A. G ibson ...... 5 0C W. D. Crawford and son 50 00 Mrs. Margaret Good ...... 10 00 N. M. Chalfant ...... 10 00 James W. Gordon ...... 10 00 James Carson ...... 5 00 G. E. F. G ray ...... 100 00 Rev. J. A. Cam pbell ...... 25 00 Mrs. \V. W. Gilmore ...... 100 00 Mrs. Ruth Junk Campbell 150 00 A ndrew S. Hare ...... 5 00 Mary Clark ...... 5 00 Alice Hobart ...... 6 00 Mrs. J. J. Campbell ...... 3 00 E. M. Hill ...... 100 00 Mrs. Nellie L. Campbell .. 3 00 Mrs. Mary A. Henderson.. 5 00 J. A. Donaldson ...... 10 00 Chas. R. Hanna ...... 5 00 Jos. A. Dickey ...... 20 00 Thos. A. Hay ...... 25 00 James Doolan ...... 5 00 Ira B. Hood ...... 1 00 E. L. Davis ...... 10 00 Mrs. Virginia B. Hays and Mrs. Etta Doyle ...... 5 00 fam ily ...... 20 00 Mrs. A. L. Dickson ...... 25 00 Mrs. Clara E. Henderson. 5 00 S. D obbin ...... 1 00 Mrs. J. F. Harper ...... 1 00 Miss Mabel Dobbin ...... 5 00 Mrs. M. R. Hawkins ...... 1 00 Laura G. Dorsey ...... 10 00 Miss Eliza Harper ...... 5 00 Blanche De France ...... 3 00 Alex. Hudson ...... 5 00 Detailed Statement of Treasurer 255

Louella and Mabel G. Mrs. A. J. Meek ...... 10 00 H ays ...... 15 00 Geo. O. M itchell ...... i 00 Mrs. N ora M. H enry ...... 10 00 Miss Mary L. M oore ...... 10 00 Mrs. Nettie V. H anna ___ 5 00 M rs. H. T. McLaughlin ... 100 00 M ary H ay ...... a 00 M ary M. M cElree ...... 30 00 Jennie C. H utchison ...... 25 00 Hugh A. McQuiston ...... 10 00 Mrs. Wm. Hutton ...... 5 00 Edna Morris ...... 5 00 J. A. H arper ...... • 5 00 Mrs. John S. M c K e e ...... 5 00 A nna C. H ogue ...... 5 00 S. G. M itchell ...... 5 00 Kenneth H. Hutchison... 10 00 Sarah and Emma J. Mc­ Mr. and Mrs. H. J. Herron 10 00 C oy ...... 5 00 Margaret Hofsteater ...... 3 00 Mr. and Mrs. T. A. Mc- H. Alice Hays ...... 1 00 Philim y ...... 5 00 Mrs. Edith Innes ...... 10 00 W. R. Matthews ...... 10 00 Mrs. Joe Irwin ...... 12 00 Mrs. George Moore ...... 50 00 R. S. Johnson ...... 5 00 Mrs. J. B. McClelland ... 5 00 Mrs. Ralph Johnson ...... 1 00 R. A. Mitchell ...... 10 00 Mrs. Sebert Jones ...... 5 00 Margaret McClurkin ...... 8 00 David Junk ...... 100 00 E thel M. M cB urney ...... 3 00 S. P. Junk ...... 10 00 Robert McGowan ...... 50 00 J. F. Jam ieson and Mrs. W. T. Mclntvre ...... 1 00 Eleanor Jamieson ...... 5 00 Mr. and Mrs. C. S. M c- Mrs. A. W. Jamieson .... 5 00 C reight ...... 5 00 Miriam Jones ...... 10 00 Katharine S. McElevy .... 10 00 Dr. A nna M. Jack ...... 5 00 Mrs. E. S. McCulloch .... 20 00 Miss Elizabeth Johnston.. 5 00 Mrs. S. A. McCall ...... 15 00 Misses H. A. and E. I. Mrs. W. G. and Miss M. K err ...... 50 00 H. Moorehead ...... 5 00 E. E. K e n n e d y ...... 5 00 Maude Mitchell ...... 5 00 Mr. and Mrs. Howard Kil- Catherine B. Mason ...... 5 00 10 00 10 00 A. S. K arr ...... 25 00 Bert McCray ...... 50 on Mrs. Alta H. Kennard.... 5 00 John D. McKee ...... 20 00 Elsie Kenning ...... 5 00 Ira C. and Mrs. Metta K. Jessie M. Kenning- ...... 3 00 M yers ...... 15 00 Mrs. A. G. K ing ...... 100 00 Mary E. McCoy ...... 2 00 Robert Kerr ...... 50 00 R. L. McFarland ...... 5 00 Mrs. R. M. K ing ...... 2 50 W. W. Milligan ...... 10 00 Lucinda Kennedy ...... 30 00 M ary J. M aley ...... 50 00 Corrine Kirkpatrick ...... 5 00 Mina McCleary ...... 10 00 W. A. Kyle ...... 5 00 Esther McNary ...... 5 00 Downey Kerr ...... 10 00 Mrs. Mary A. McManus.. 5 00 Mrs. Kang ...... 50 Mrs. Jennie P. McClana- Mrs. F. V. Kirkton and han ...... 10 00 Miss Eva Kirkton ...... 60 A. M cK ay ...... 10 00 Oralind Kirkton ...... 1 00 W. McKinley ...... 1 00 Mr. and Mrs. G. L. Kis- Mrs. Mary McKinley ...... 3 0ft sick ...... 5 00 Miss Caroline Martin ...... 10 00 Mrs. James N. Knipe .... 5 00 Robt. Morton ...... 65 00 Mrs. Charlotte Logan .... 5 00 Miss Annie J. M cK ee ...... 3 00 Mr. and Mrs. W. M. Logan 10 00 Ida Gertrude M cK ee ...... 5 00 Mrs. L ena S. Linn ...... 25 00 Miss Ella McKinley ...... 15 00 Mrs. J. G. Lam bie ...... 3 00 Helen Margaret Milne .... 2 00 Miss Anna B. Love ...... 1 00 Mrs. Robert Matthews, in Emma Lushen ...... 5 00 memory of Mother, 2 00 5 00 W . M. L ong ...... 250 00 Mrs. Margaret McClain... 5 00 Nellie B. Langhead ...... 2 00 Miss Grace E. McClain... 5 00 K ate M. Langhead ...... 2 00 Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Mc- Isabella K. Lockhart ...... 100 00 Crea ...... 5 00 Mrs. Evelvn Lathrop ...... 5 00 S. A. M cPherson ...... 5 00 Janet M. Lam bie ...... 10 00 Mrs. Zella Moranville ___ 1 50 Samuel S. L yons ...... 20 00 John R. McLean ...... 50 00 Mrs. A. M. Lovren ...... 2 50 Mrs. Millie F. Meeds ...... 5 00 Mrs. Sara McCrory Lynes 5 00 E. E. M o r t o n ...... 5 on Mrs. M. M. L ibbey ...... 3 00 H. R. Morton ...... 10 00 Mrs. Lukert ...... 5 00 Miss Etta Morton ...... 1 00 J. M. M orris ...... 250 00 Elizabeth Muir ...... 10 00 Miss Emma Mabon ...... 25 00 Mrs. Herman D. Miller .. 2 00 Miss Anna A. Milligan.... 10 00 Ralph Martin ...... 15 00 R. Elizabeth Milligan ..... 25 00 Mrs. R. Martin ...... 15 00 Margaret E. Moore ...... 3 00 Peter Moffat ...... B 00 Charles M. M axwell ...... 25 00 Jesse T. Mack ...... 10 00 Elizabeth Maxwell ...... 5 00 R obert J. M axwell ...... 25 00 Mrs. Ella M. Maxwell .... 5 00 Mrs. L. J. McFarland .... 10 00 Mrs. Jennie E. and Fannie Miss Jeannette McFarland 10 00 M cC leery ...... 10 00 Miss Elizabeth B. McFar­ * Mrs. R. McNeilly ...... 5 00 land ...... 10 00 J. A . and Mrs. G. S. M c- Mrs. Una M. Mountford.. 10 00 Ew en ...... 10 00 Mrs. John McCrory ...... 20 00 Mrs. H. E. Morrow ...... 5 00 Mildred D. McCullagh__ 10 00 Mrs. A. F. Mickle ...... 10 00 R ev. Ira G. M cCreary, D.D. 15 00 256 Detailed Statem of Treasurer

Miss Sara T. McCracken 1 00 Jean Soults ...... i 00 John D. McKinley ...... 5 00 E. J. Savage ...... 10 00 Martha A. Miller ...... 5 00 Wm. Shepherd ...... 50 00 Mrs. T. M. N ichol ...... 5 00 W. W. Stewart ...... 25 00 Mrs. E va N. Noble ...... 5 00 Letitia Shannon ...... 2 00 William Blaikie Nelson ... 10 00 Lillie D. Shorts ...... 5 00 A. M. Nickle ...... 10 00 Shadyside, Ohio, Cong. ... 20 00 Mrs. Rachel Neal ...... 50 00 Rev. J. L. Shaw ...... 15 00 H. M. N eal ...... 50 00 Mrs. Belle Sharpe ...... 5 00 Chas. M. N eeld ...... 500 00 Mrs. Mary K. Stewart 5 00 W. A. Nash ...... 5 00 Shedd, Oreg., Cong..... 25 00 Elizabeth Nelson ...... 5 00 Mrs. Mary G. Stewart .... 50 00 Mrs. Barbara Nichols .... 5 00 Mrs. Mary J. Smith ...... 20 00 Rev. J. Alvin Orr, I>.D 50 00 Sale of Grandview, Iowa, Mr. and Mrs. J. S. O y le r .. 5 00 Church Building ...... 300 00 Ontario, Oregon, Sabbath Miss Elizabeth Taylor ... 15 00 School ...... 10 00 M. Lee Thom pson ...... 3 00 M rs. J. W . P ry ...... 10 00 M iss C. C. Thom pson .... 5 00 E m ily M. P orter ...... 5 00 Rev. Mills J. Taylor ...... 10 00 Mr. and Mrs. Robert M. Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Tate 25 00 Palm er ...... 10 00 Miss Sarah J. Thornton .. 5 00 Maria Patterson ...... 2 00 Mrs. Ella Thursby ...... 1 00 Miss Jennie H. Poole ___ 2 00 “Two Friends” ...... 577 50 Miss Emaretta Parkinson. 1 00 Miss Belle Thompson 10 00 W. K. Parkinson ...... 2 50 Miss Lizzie Thorburn ___ 10 00 Thos. A. Purdy ...... 10 00 “Two Friends” ...... 2 00 George L. Parrish ...... 1 00 Martha Tinning ...... 10 00 Ada B. Philips ...... 6 50 : Eva B. Thompson ...... 9 00 Mrs. Mary B. Philips .... 2 00 | Mrs. Henry G. Turner 2 00 Elizabeth Paterson ...... 5 00 I Mrs. Ella Thompson ...... 5 00 Allen Provost ...... 1 00 ! Nellie L. Tripp ...... 2 00 Mrs. J. R. Plummer and Rhuama Vincent ...... 7 00 d a u g h te r ...... 7 00 ! Mr. and Mrs. C. O. V ance 10 00 Lulu M. Patterson ...... 5 00 I Dr. W. J. Wilson, Jr 10 00 J. M ason P rugh ...... 15 00 j E va W ells ...... 1 00 Mrs. Pierson ...... 25 Eunice Work ...... 5 00 Marie Peden ...... 3 00 i A. H. Wright ...... 10 00 W. L. Park ...... 2 00 I Jennie P. Wallace ...... 2 06 Mrs. E. L. Porter ...... 10 00 | Mrs. M ary M. W eir ...... 1 00 James, Bina and Effie L. Mrs. A. D. Wilhite ...... 1 00 Porter ...... 15 00 ; Mary B. Welch ...... 5 00 Mrs. Jennie E. Quay ...... 10 00 j H. S. W estbrook ...... 10 00 Miss Maggie B. Rife ...... 5 00 ! Edwin Westbrook ...... 5 00 Laura D. Rudy ...... 2 00 ! Robert Westbrook ...... 5 00 C. L. Reed ...... 10 00 ' M. J. W ilson ...... 50 00 H. Cliffe Rankin ...... 25 00 : Miss Elizabeth White ___ 1 00 Effie C. Russell ...... 25 00 May Winter ...... 5 00 Mrs. E. K. Rankin ...... 3 00 Esther W. Wilson ...... 1 00 Jennie Robertson ...... 2 00 Barbara E. Wambold ...... 5 00 Mrs. Anna H. Russell .... 4 00 W. H. Westbrook ...... 25 00 Jennie A. Rogers ...... 2 00 Mrs. Geo. W. Whetstone -15 00 Miss Grace L. Robertson Emma R. Wilson ...... 5 00 and Mother ...... 6 00 Martha P. Wilson ...... 5 00 Mrs. Rebecca C. Robison. 1 00 T. P. Wilson ...... 10 00 Samuel Reid ...... 50 00 j Mr. and Mrs. Jas. T. Work 5 00 Mr. and Mrs. H. W. Rex- Women’s Bible Class, First, ford ...... 5 00 ! Indiana, Pa., S. S...... 5 00 Beehner Repp ...... '...... 5 00 I Mrs. Belle Wetmore ...... 2 00 Mrs. M. C. R eaves ...... 12 00 j Mrs. Esther Watson ...... 5 00 Mrs. Catherine Ramsy .... 5 00 ! H. W. Wyatt ...... 1 00 Mr. and Mrs. A. C. Raws 10 00 i Mrs. Anna Wyatt ...... 1 00 Frances E. Robinson ___ 20 00 | Mrs. F. H. Wallace ...... 10 00 Rev. J. A. Renwick, D.D.. 12 50 H arriet S. W ilson ...... 3 00 Lizzie A. B. Rea ...... 5 00 Mrs. J. E. W ood ...... 2 00 Martha Rankin ...... 1 00 Mrs. Martha White ...... 50 00 Mr. and Mrs. Stephen Rog­ Willamette Cong., Shedd, ers ...... 5 00 O reg...... 10 00 Mrs. Raymond ...... 20 j W allace M em orial S. S., Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Rey- I Washington, D. C...... 44 15 nolds ...... 10 00 Jennie Williams ...... 20 00 G. S. R obertson ...... 1 00 Miss Margaret Young .... 10 00 S. J. Shaw ...... 25 00 J. D. Yarnell ...... 10 00 Mrs. Lillian C. Stewart . .. , 5 00 ' J. H. Sullivan ...... 5 00 $8,800 46 W. H. Sines ...... 5 00 , Henry Scott ...... 5 00 j JesSie Simpson ...... 20 00 FOREIGN FELLOWSHIP FUND. L. H. Sharp ...... 5 00 K. S. Sebring ...... 25 00 Russell Galt ...... $10 00 Geo. B. Sim s ...... 5 50 Mrs. S. P. Butler ...... 3 00 J. O. Springer ...... 50 00 W. A. Shryock ...... 5 00 $13 00 Detailed Statement of Treasurer 257

NON-RETRENCHMENT FUND. NEW MISSIONARIES FUND. Mrs. J. G. B u l l ...... $5 00 College Springs, la., Cong. $1,200 00 Beaver Valley Presbytery, WAR EMERGENCY FUND. C. U ...... 675 33 A Few Friends, Americus, First, Des Moines, la., K an s...... $17 00 C ong...... 254 50 Mary and Annetta F. Sewickley, Pa., Cong 247 90 Trim ble ...... 15 00 College Springs Presbytery, Rev. J. T. McCrory, D.D.. . 10 00 C. U...... 218 15 Mr. and Mrs. S. G. Philips 10 00 Norris Square, Phila., S. Mrs. Lora K. Smith ...... 10 00 S...... 200 00 Will Craig ...... 5 00 Newton, la., S. S...... 66 44 A Friend of Missions .... 5 00 Clearfield, la., S. S...... 58 39 A Friend in Monmouth.... 5 00 Allerton, la., Cong...... 54 00 Rev. A. M. Reed ...... 2 00 Albia, la., Cong...... 44 00 Conway, Pa., S. S...... 25 00 $79 00 $3,043 71 INTEREST. BOYS’ HOME, KHARTUM, SUDAN. Fidelity Trust Company.. $83 16 A Friend ...... ?2 00 Central Trust and Savings A Friend, Pittsburgh ___ 2 00 Com pany ...... 464 19 A Friend, Cambridge, N. Y ...... 10 00 $547 35 A Friend, Keokuk, la 4 00 A Friend ...... 1 00 ANNUITY INTEREST. Mrs. M. H. Acheson .... 10 00 A Friend ...... 100 00 Mortgage Interest, Undes­ Mildred B. Akey ...... 2 00 ignated ...... $2,758 32 A Believer in Missions.... 5 00 Corn Exchange National D ow Aikin ...... 25 00 Bank ...... 841 71 A Friend, Selma, Ohio 5 00 A Tither, Lincoln, Nebr 5 00 $3,600 03 Mr. and Mrs. J. V. Ander­ son ...... 50 00 John Anderson ...... 50 00 DR. T. A. LAMBIE FUXD. A Friend, Butler, Pa 5 00 A Friend of Missions, Los Walter P. Fraser ...... $1,500 00 Angeles, Calif...... 50 00 Y. P. C. U.. Second, New Miss Nellie Armstrong ... 10 00 York, N. Y ...... 60 00 A Friend of Missions 10 00 Mrs. R. M. Russell ...... 25 00 A Friend, Yellow Springs, Ohio ...... 5 00 $1,585 00 A Friend, per Rev. R. L. E die ...... 2 00 Mrs. John Allendorf ...... 25 00 PROF. CHARLES S. BELL FUND. A Friend, Winfield, la 10 00 St. Clair, Pa., Cong . $215 00 A Friend, per Rev. J. S. W. M. and Benevolent So­ Turnbull ...... 50 00 cieties, Fourth Church, J. M. A nderson ...... 10 00 Pittsburgh, Pa., per A Mother Who Wishes to W om en’ s B oard ...... 100 00 Help the Boys ...... 2 00 Mrs. C aw ’s S. S. C la s s ... 75 00 A Friend of Missions, per Bellevue, Pa., S. S.. 25 00 Mrs. Wm. Boyd ...... 5 00 Bellevue, Pa., Y. P. C. U. 25 00 A Friend ...... 10 00 Miss Sarah J. Anderson... 25 00 Julia E. Anderson ...... 5 00 Mrs. Lillie B. Dinkey...... 25 00 Miss E. M. Anderson .... 20 00 Wheatland, 111., Y. P. C. U. 18 00 A Friend, Steubenville, Ohio ...... 3 00 $508 00 A Friend ...... 5 00 A Friend, Rochester, N. Y. 20 00 A Friend of Missions, NEW MISSIONARIES’ FUND, Xenia, 111...... 1 00 1911-1912. A Friend of the Work, Dunreith, Ind...... 5 00 Shadyside, Pittsburgh, S. I. A cheson ...... 10 00 C ong...... $1,445 00 Aid Society, Second, New First, Des Moines, la., Wilmington, Pa ...... 10 00 C ong...... 1,200 00 Argyle, N. Y., Cong 70 00 Mrs. Ruth Junk Campbell 700 00 A Friend ...... 1 00 Mrs. Margaret Junk Mc­ A Friend of Missions 500 00 D ow ell ...... 700 00 A Friend ...... 500 00 Y. P. C. U., B utler P res­ A Lover of Missions ...... 1 00 bytery ...... 404 50 Mrs. Elizabeth S. C. A r­ Greensburg, Pa., S. S 26 00 cher ...... 25 00 West Sunbury, Pa., Cong. 25 00 A Friend, Pittsburgh ----- 1 00 Zelienople, Pa., Y. P. C. K . M. A braham ...... 10 00 U ...... 25 00 A Friend of Missions ...... 5 00 Miss Jennie H. Poole ...... 6 00 A U. P., East Palestine, Ohio ...... 10 00 $4,531 50 J. C. Allison ...... 10 00 258 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

Mrs. Kate Anderson ...... 15 00 Mr. and Mrs. Albert Bick- A Friend ...... 2 00 ett, in Memory of Son.. 5 00 Atlantic, la., Cong...... 50 00 Boys’ Class, Pigeon Creek, A Friend, Wilkinsburg, P a ...... 4 00 P a...... 1 00 Berean Class, Traer, la... 15 00 A Friend, Bellevue, Pa 5 00 Bequest, Estate of Rachel A W id ow ...... 10 00 Thompson, deceased ___ 300 00 Alpha Class, Sixth S. S., Percy L. Craig ...... 200 00 Pittsburgh ...... 10 00 Miss Laura Clark ...... 5 00 A Friend, Olathe, Kans... 2 00 J. T. Campbell ...... 15 00 Janet C. A nderson ...... 10 00 Rev. J. W . Cleland . 10 00 A Friend, Atwood, Pa. ___ 5 00 Mrs. Annie J. Cooper .... 25 00 Allerton, la., - S. S...... 19 22 Miss Myra Z. Campbell... 5 00 A Friend ...... 2 00 Miss Rosa B. Craig ...... 20 00 A Friend, Ellwood City, Elizabeth Cochran ...... 25 00 P a ...... 2 00 Mrs. Julia Cunningham .. 15 00 Miss Louisa P. Appleby .. 1 00 Rev. and Mrs. F. W. Cros- Mrs. Jas. Aikin’s Class No. bie ...... 25 00 6 2 00 Thos. J. Conley ...... 2 00 Mrs. T. Aikin ...... 10 00 M. Ralph Cam eron ...... 1 00 A Friend of the Work .... 5 00 Mrs. J. H. Collins, in Mem­ A Friend of Boys, Baldwin, ory of Daughter ...... 10 00 111 10 00 Mrs. Anna Crawford ..... 10 00 Mrs. J. N. A verill ...... 100 00 Mrs. S. W . C a m p b e ll 65 00 A Friend, Mercer, Pa 25 00 Cherry Run, Pa., Cong 5 50 Wm. H. Black ...... 10 00 John T. Craig ...... 50 00 W. W. Braham ...... 10 00 J. P. Cam eron ...... 30 00 Euphemia Brown ...... 5 00 Mr. and Mrs. W. F. Crooks 5 00 Richard Brownlee ...... 5 00 W . N. Cunningham ...... 10 00 Mrs. Ellen Burnside ...... 10 00 E va M. Cooper ...... 5 00 Miss Effie Barnes ...... 1 00 W . J. Cherry ...... 100 00 Annie B. Black ...... 5 00 Miss Jessie H. Crawford .. 5 00 Mrs. Carrie M. Brown .... 10 00 Margaret W. Collins ..... 15 00 Miss Jeannette E. Beck .. 1 00 Rachel H. Carmer ...... 5 00 Miss Jeannette E. Beck’s Mrs. A. E. Clapperton’s Class of Boys ...... 2 00 Class ...... 7 00 Sarah J. Burford ...... 65 00 Clay City, Ky., Cong 30 00 Oscar Baker ...... 2 00 Cradle Roll, Fredericks­ Mrs. Anna Blake ...... 27 00 burg, Ohio ...... 255 Alex. H. Blake ...... 15 00 Eloise Crabbe ...... 10 00 M. G. B lack ...... 50 00 R obt. S. Cook ...... 20 00 Robt. W. Butler ...... 5 00 Richard Coyle ...... 5 00 Miss Margaret A. Bell ... 15 62 Rev. John M. Cameron ... 5 00 Mrs. D. L. Barackman ... 30 00 Bertha V. Caldwell ...... 25 00 Blue Mound, Kans., Cong. 5 00 M. E velyn Carothers ...... 2 00 Mabel Collins ...... 10 00 Mr. and Mrs. P. F. Black . 20 00 John Paul Cameron, 3rd.. 5 00 Elizabeth J. B eatty ...... 10 00 Donald Young Cameron ... 5 00 Mrs. E. J. Dines Baxter.. 10 00 George Coulter ...... 2 00 J. Florence B arr ...... 10 00 Mrs. E. J. Coryell ...... 1 00 Mrs. Jennie Bleakney .... 13 32 Mrs. S. D. Craig ...... 5 00 Mrs. S. P. B utler ...... 3 00 Una Coie ...... 15 00 Mrs. Henrietta E. Buck ... 5 00 Miss Cruetson ...... 1 00 J. K. Binder ...... 5 00 Mrs. Ruth Junk Campbell 25 00 Mrs. Luella Borders, in Rev. J. A . Cam pbell ...... 5 00 Memory of her Mother, Mrs. Jennie Logue Camp­ Mrs. Wm. Little ...... 60 00 bell ...... 10 00 Elizabeth Boal ...... 5 00 Class of Boys and Girls, Rev. Edgar H. Black 5 00 Monmouth Presbytery .. 30 33 Anna M. B lair ...... 4 00 Miss Elizabeth Campbell.. 25 00 Beaver, Pa., S. S...... 34 80 R ev. J. S. Colvin ...... 10 00 Mrs. John Burnside ...... 10 00 Mrs. Howard Chalmers ... 5 00 Mrs. Robert Burneson 10 00 Cradle Roll. Putnam, N. Y. 10 00 Rev. R. H. Barr, Ph.D.... 10 00 California Cong., Ray, Ind. 50 00 Mrs. W. J. Buchanan and Community Cong., Ray, fam ily ...... 10 00 Ind...... 50 00 Mrs. M. A. Boyd ...... 100 00 Mrs. A. C. Derm ond ...... 10 00 Mrs. Frank Barnes ...... 5 00 Evelyn Roe Douglass .... 10 00 Jas. G. B eck ...... 10 00 Emma L. Dierdorf ...... 1 00 Mr. and Mrs. Charles H. Miss Jessie Donnell .... 15 00 B uck ...... 20 00 James Doolan ...... 1 00 Mrs. J. G. Bull ...... 5 00 Y. P. C. U., Davenport, N. R. E. B., Sparta, 111...... 5 00 Y ...... 3 00 Mrs. Mary Banker ...... 5 00 Miss M. E. D ou d s...... 50 00 Mrs. Addie Barnes ...... 25 00 Joseph A. Dickey ...... 20 00 Ruth M. Bemis ...... 5 00 John De Vinney ...... 25 00 John Blakely ...... 2 00 Mrs. W. H. D ick ...... 2 50 Belle Center, Ohio, Cong. 35 00 Mrs. Bell S. Drawbaugh.. 5 00 Mrs. R. L. Brownlee 10 00 Mrs. A. B. Dunlap ...... 5 00 W. E. Brown ...... 1 00 Cora M. D avis ...... 50 00 Mrs. M. E. B row n ...... 3 35 Mr. and Mrs. A. C. Dun­ J. T. B ogle ...... 5 00 can ...... 40 00 Detailed Statement of Treasurer 259

Mrs. S. M. D ick ...... 2 00 w . S. G e o r g e ...... 100 00 Mr. and Mrs. W . S. Davis 25 00 Grove City, Pa., S. S ...... 30 00 Mrs. A. L. Dickson ...... 1 00 W. H. Gordon 5 00 Myrtle Davis ...... 15 00 W. Graham . 10 00 Mrs. Thomas Dixon ...... 1 00 Mrs. J. G. Glasgow ...... 5 00 Donora, Pa., S. S ...... 5 00 Garnett,' Kans., Cong...... 5 00 Mrs. J. W . D uff ...... 5 00 Mr. and Mrs. J. G. Gam­ Jennie M. D ay ...... 5 00 ble ...... 2 00 Robert Edeburn ...... 25 00 W. B. Gilmore ...... 10 00 Ever Ready Bible Class of Greensburg, Pa., S. S. . . . 20 00 Young: Men, Bethel, Ir­ Margaret Gordon ...... 5 00 win, P a ...... 10 00 Mrs. W. W. Gilmore ...... 50 00 Mrs. H. W. Eavey ...... 15 00 Glenn S. Gilm ore ...... 50 00 Rev. Frederick Elliott___ 10 00 Elizabeth Gordon Circle, Misses Margaret C. and Second, Monmouth, 111. .. 15 00 Annie C. E aton ...... 8 00 Mrs. Virginia B. Hays and Eleventh, Pittsburgh, Pa., fam ily ...... 2 00 S. S...... 15 00 J. M. Ham ilton ...... 5 00 E skridge, K ans., S. S...... 4 12 Mrs. E. B. Hill ...... 5 00 Mr. and Mrs. C. H. Erwin 20 00 Mr. and Mrs. J. C. H utch­ Rev. W, D. Ewing ...... 5 00 ison ...... 5 00 Mrs. Marion M. English.. 5 00 A. M. H am ilton ...... 1 00 Elizabeth C. Findley ...... 25 00 Mrs. Margaret Heade .... 25 00 J. W. and Martha Fulton 25 00 Adah C. H ughes ...... 5 00 Frankfort Springs, Pa., S. M. Bertha H ouston ...... 10 00 S...... 15 00 Miss Julia F. Hopping ___ 2 00 R. B. Frazer ...... 5 00 Mrs. Clara Henderson . .. 5 00 Rev. R. G. Ferguson, D.D., Mrs. Emily Harris ...... 40 00 LL.D ...... 25 00 J. M. H ouston ...... 10 00 T. S. Fraser ...... 25 00 Mrs. Stella B. Hosmer ... 25 00 Walter P. Fraser ...... 35 00 Harlansburg Cong., Pa. . . 15 00 A. N. Fraser ...... 25 00 Mrs. T. J. Henderson .... 5 00 Four Mile Cong., Beaver, Miss Sue Henderson ..... 2 00 P a ...... '...... 10 00 E. M. Hill ...... 500 00 Florence Ave. Cong., Los Hill Top, Ark., Christian Angeles, Calif...... 5 00 Workers’ Association ... 16 00 Freeport, Pa., S. S...... 15 00 Mrs. Laura B. Hopkins... 5 05 M argaret J. F ergus ...... 4 00 Mr. and Mrs. W. L. Han­ Mrs. Nevvie Ferguson .... 2 00 lon ...... 5 00 Mrs. Ida B. Finley ...... 5 00 Miss Mary F. Hosack .... 5 00 Mrs. Clara Fisher ...... 2 00 H ookstow n, Pa., S. S. Fort Morgan, Colo., Cong. 10 00 Class ...... 29 60 Mrs. Bella Foster ...... 5 00 Wm. H. Hare ...... 25 00 Mrs. Clara Farquhar..... 10 00 W ilm er M. H a y ...... 2 00 ‘‘From a Shut In” ...... 3 00 M. H anna ...... 5 00 Friends, McKeesport, Pa.. 21 00 Miss Belle Harper ...... 5 00 Friend of Missions, Pitts­ S. M. Henderson ...... 10 00 burgh ...... 500 00 P. A. Hunter ...... 1 00 Miss Jennie Fleming ..... 2 00 Mr. and Mrs. C. F. Hoff­ Mrs. Jennette Fuller ..... 5 00 m an ...... 10 00 Fourth Church, Cleveland, H. A. Humes ...... 25 00 Ohio ...... 40 00 J. F. H arper ...... I 00 Miss Anna Belle Ferrier.. 25 00 Mrs. W. E. Hutchison --- 10 00 Friends, Cherry Fork, Intermediate Y. P. S., Ohio ...... 15 00 First, Phila., Pa...... 5 00 First, Phila., Pa., S. S... 25 00 George Innes ...... 10 00 Daniel Giffen ...... 100 00 Mrs. Shelly Irvine ...... 5 00 Mrs. Alexander Gibson ... 2 00 Indianola, la., Cong...... 5 00 Mrs. Sarah Glenn ...... 100 00 Individual, Atlantic, la. . . 150 00 Miss Leta Glenn ...... 25 00 Mrs. Anna B. Johnston.... 5 00 Miss Elsie E. Grove ...... 100 00 S. P. Junk ...... 17 00 Miss Ethel B. Gilchrist... 10 00 Rachel H. Jamison ...... 6 00 Dr. M. E. Garrett ...... 10 00 Mrs. Eleanor Jamieson ... 3 00 Mrs. Eleanor R. Gibb .... 100 00 Annie E. Junkin ...... 1 00 M. M. Graham ...... 10 00 Miriam Jones ...... 5 00 Josephine Gladden ...... 25 00 Rev. J. B. Jackson, D.D... 10 00 Jam es ~W Gilm ore .... 10 00 Mrs. J. B. Ja ck son ...... 10 00 Mrs. R S Grimes ...... 2 00 Mrs. Catherine Junk ..... 5 00 Miss Rowena Guthrie .... 4 40 David Junk ...... 320 00 Margaret and Elberta Juniors, Connellsville, Pa.. 21 00 Graham ...... 5 00 Mrs. L«einda Kennedy ... 60 00 Rev. and Mrs. A. L. God­ R. H. Kelly ...... 5 00 frey ...... 5 00 James L. King ...... 10 00 Mrs. W. B. Glover ...... 5 00 J. I. K rohn ...... 2 00 W . G. Giffen ...... 5 00 Mr. and Mrs. John Kerr.. 25 00 Miss Jennie Giffen ...... 5 00 Steward Kean ...... 3 60 Miss Nannie Giffen ...... 5 00 J. H. K yle ...... 10 00 Harry E. Giffen ...... 5 00 Miss Eva B. and Mrs. F. Leslie D. Giffen ...... 5 00 V. Kirkton ...... 1 50 Golden Rule Class, First, Rev. J. C. Kistler ...... 10 00 New Concord, Ohio .... 10 00 Mrs. Robert Killough ..... 10 00 Edith Glass ...... 3 00 Mrs. R. M. King ...... 2 50 260 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

Mrs. Mary Porter Kyle... 5 00 Mr. and Mrs. J. L. Mc- Mrs. A. G. King ...... 100 00 G aughey ...... 15 nn Julia King- ...... 10 00 J. M. M cM ains, Sr...... 10 00 Mrs. Caroline J. Kerr ___ 100 00 Rev. W. H. McMaster, R. E. Kerr ...... 10 00 P h.D ...... 6 09 L. A. Kelly ...... 10 00 Mrs. J. L. McCreight ...... in nn Miss Rosaline Kellogg-___ 1 00 A. T. McCormick ...... 5 00 King’s Daughters, Grand Nellie Donaldson McBride 10 00 Ave., Cedar Rapids, la.. 15 00 M. L. M cClenahan ...... 5 00 Dr. and Mrs. J. C. Kelso... 50 00 W. McKinley ...... 1 00 Mrs. J. W . L i g g e t t ...... 1 00 Mina McCleary ...... 5 3d K ate M. L aughead ...... 10 00 Mrs. L . J. M cF arlan d...... ' 25 00 Emma Lushen ...... 3 00 Miss Elizabeth McFarland. 25 00 Lyndon, Kans., Cong...... 55 00 Miss Jeannette McFarland 25 00 Mr. and Mrs. E. E. Leeper 25 00 Miss Nancy J. McFarland 100 00 Mrs. Jean Boyd Lake .... 100 00 Miss Sarah McFarland... 100 00 W . M. Logan ...... 5 00 Mrs. Margaret McCready. 100 00 Mr. Laughridge’s Class, W. McKeown ...... 5 00 Belle Center, Ohio ...... 10 00 Margaret McClurkin ...... - 5 00 Loyal Daughters’ Bible Mrs. Jennie E. McCleery 10 00 Class, Union Church, Rev. and Mrs. E. G. Me- Gayly, P a ...... 25 00 K ibben ...... 5 00 T. U. Liggitt ...... 10 00 Alice McKibben ...... 1 00 Rev. and Mrs. W. M. Lor- J. Craig McFadden ...... 5 00 im er ...... 5 00 Miss Ella McKinley ...... 5 00 Mrs. Margaret Loughridge 5 00 David McGowan ...... 10 00 Howard Laughead ...... 5 00 R. W. McCreight ...... 1 00 Emma Mabon ...... 15 00 Lucy McElroy ...... 10 00 J. A. M acK intosh ...... 5 00 Mrs. Rebecca McMillen... 10 00 Charles Maxwell ...... 5 00 A. McFadden ...... 10 00 Elizabeth Maxwell ...... 5 00 Mrs. J. B. McClelland...... 5 00 Mother and Daughter, R. L. McLaughlin ...... 5 00 First, Denver, Colo...... 2 00 Peter McCornack ...... 200 00 Mrs. J. M. M iller ...... 9 00 J. E. M cConnell ...... 10 00 Lewis H. Miller ...... 2 00 Emma McCauley ...... 25 00 J. H. M axwell ...... 10 00 Mr. and Mrs. T. A. McPhil- Mr. and Mrs. Geo. Moore 150 00 iny ...... 3 00 M argaret J. M eans ...... 20 00 Mrs. John McCrory ...... 5 00 Mrs. Ella N. Maxwell .... 5 00 Mrs. E. M. M cM illan...... 6 00 H. N. Miller ...... 10 00 M ary M. M cElree ...... 10 00 Elizabeth Morrow ...... 20 00 Mrs. Albert McCleery .... 25 00 Ira C. and M etta K. M yers 20 00 Mrs. McNeilly ...... 5 00 S. E. M arshall ...... 2 00 Margaret E. McMillin .... 4 00 Robert J. Maxwell ...... 20 00 Mrs. Ida L. McKirahan... 5 00 Mrs. S. J. M itchell ...... 100 00 McDonald, Pa., Cong...... 10 00 Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Martin 200 00 M. B. N elson ...... 20 00 W. E. and Mrs. Mansfield. 20 00 Miss H. M. Neal ...... 50 00 Miss Catherine B. Mason 50 00 Mrs. Rachel M. Neal ...... 50 00 Miss R. Elizabeth Milligan 25 00 Mrs. Eva N. Noble ...... 10 00 Miss Anna A. Milligan----- 25 00 Mrs. L. I. Neale ...... 10 00 Mrs. W. G. Moorehead and New Wilmington Club, Miss Margaret H. Moore­ First, Wilkinsburg, Pa.. 25 00 head ...... 2 00 “One Who Wants to Mrs. May A. Montgomery. 2 00 H elp” ...... 5 00 Mrs. Irene G. M offet...... 5 00 “One Who Loves the T. M. M ilholland ...... 10 00 Cause of Missions” .... 5 00 W . G. A. M illar ...... 10 00 Cornelia H. C. Ostrom.... 10 00 Janet Mabon ...... 25 00 Miss Ora Owens ...... 1 50 Miss Hortense Moore ... 2 00 ‘‘One of the Boys with the Fred C. M acM illan ...... fj 00 Colors and Emma L. An- Rev. C. H. Mitchell ...... 9 50 derson” ...... 5 00 Moline, 111., Cong...... 2 00 Miss Grace Ogilvie ...... 5 00 Mrs. J. M. M iller, in M em ­ Mrs. Mary B. Philips...... 3 00 ory of Daughter ...... 5 00 H. H. Parrish ...... 10 00 Mrs. H. L. Miner ...... 15 00 Mary E. Patterson ...... 10 00 Mrs. C. J. M orrison ...... 2 00 Mrs. Porter, per J. A. Por­ Knox and Margaret Milli­ ter ...... 10 00 gan ...... 100 00 Prosser, Wash., Cong. ... 15 00 Halma, Milne ...... 15 00 Putnam, N. Y ., C ong...... 10 00 Mrs. U. Springer Morris.. 3 00 Mrs. Ella A. Purdy ...... 5 00 Mrs. J. P. M atthew s ...... 5 00 Miss Mary H. Pollock ... 5 00 W . W. M illigan ...... 50 00 Miss Jennie H. Poole .... 1 00 S L M cConnell ...... 40 00 Mrs. Emma Picken ...... 5 00 Anna D. McClung ...... 1 00 J. B. P orter and S on s----- 10 00 Helen W. McClure ...... 10 00 Piper City, 111., Cong...... 50 00 Mrs. Catherine McBurney 3 00 Rev. James K. Q uay ...... 100 00 Mrs. C. H. McLaughlin... 5 00 Mrs. Jennie E. Q uay ...... 10 00 Margaret McClurkin ...... 10 00 Mr. and Mrs. H. W. Rex- W m . J. M cC oy ...... 25 00 ford ...... 10 00 Ruby McMillin ...... 4 00 Mr. and Mrs. Wm. Reid Dr. and Mrs. H. T. Mc­ and two children ...... 10 30 Laughlin ...... 75 00 A gnes R ea ...... - ...... 4 00 Detailed Statement of Treasurer 261

Anna M. R ea ...... 4 00 Sixth, Pittsburgh, Pa 100 00 Lizzie A. B. Rea ...... 4 00 Rev. Ralph R. Scott ...... 14 00 Miss S. Nettie Robertson. 58 00 St. Clair S. S., Pittsburgh, E ffie C. Russell ...... 5 00 P a ...... 10 00 D. T. Reed ...... 50 00 Second, Monmouth, 111., W. W. Renkin ...... 10 00 C ong...... 5 00 Maggie B. Rife ...... 5 00 Mrs. R. B. Timmons ...... 5 00 Mr. and Mrs. J. N. R ed- Rev. John Teas ...... 20 00 path ...... 10 00 Two Friends, New Bedford Frances E. Robinson .... 5 00 C ong...... 10 00 Jeannette Rowan ...... 20 00 Mrs. J. M. Tipton ...... 3 00 B. Repp ...... 5 00 Two Friends, Allegheny, Cora E. Ralston, D. C.... 5 00 P a ...... 50 00 G. S. R obertson ...... 1 00 Two Sisters ...... 100 00 Miss Jennie D. Ross ...... 15 00 W. A. Turner ...... 10 00 Rev. J. A. Renwick, D.D. 5 00 Elizabeth Taylor ...... 25 00 Carrie M. Reed ...... 10 00 Mrs. G. H. Thom pson .... 2 00 Mrs. Anna H. Russell .... 2 00 Mrs. Margaret M. Thomp­ Dr. and Mrs. M. C. R am a- son ...... 10 00 ley ...... 20 00 Mrs. Martha Todd ...... 100 00 T. A. Rankin ...... 10 00 Mrs. Margaret L. Thomp­ Mrs. G. W . R oe ...... 3 00 son ...... 10 00 Samuel Reid ...... 5 00 Mary Trimble ...... 25 00 Henry Rankin and Friends 10 00 Mrs. Geo. W. Tollett ...... 1 00 Mrs. J. A. Rankin, Jr. ... 25 00 Bell Telford ...... 1 00 Mr. and Mrs. C. L. R obin ­ Two Friends ...... 50 00 son ...:...... 2 00 Third Church, St. Louis, J. H. R obinson ...... 2 00 M o...... 5 00 Rock Island, 111., Cong. ... 15 00 Mrs. J. A. T h om pson...... 85 00 Mrs. M. E. R ose ...... 15 00 Miss Belle Thompson .... 5 00 Miss Romaine Russell .... 5 00 “ U nknow n” ...... 5 00 R yegate, V t„ S. S ...... 10 00 E. Van Steenwyk ...... 5 00 Jessie Simpson ...... 5 00 John C. W allace ...... 100 00 Elizabeth Stotts ...... 5 00 Mrs. J. A. Williamson ...... 20 00 Wm. Shepherd ...... 50 00 John Walker ...... 10 00 Jean Soults ...... 7 50 Miss Matilda Wishart _ 5 00 Cora E. Soults ...... 7 50 Miss E lizabeth M. W arden 50 00 W. R. Scott ...... 10 00 Miss Alice F. Warden ...... 50 00 Mrs. E. J. Savage ...... 5 00 M. M. S., Pitzer, la ... 10 00 Rev. John A. Shaw ...... 5 00 Mrs. S. H. W irts ...... 5 00 Miss Cora B. Snodgrass.. 5 00 Eunice Work ...... 5 00 S. J. Shaw ...... 5 00 W . M. S., Colorado P res­ I. C. Smutz ...... 20 00 bytery ...... 14 00 Fred O. Shane ...... 100 00 W . M. S., Spokane, W ash. 5 00 Mrs. Marie E. Shane...... 200 00 Master Julian M. White... 10 00 W. J. Strangew ay ...... 100 00 West Alexander, Pa., Cong. 17 50 D. H. S tray er...... 5 00 W. M. S., Garnett Presby­ Miss Jeannette Swearinger 2 00 tery ...... 5 00 San Diego, Calif., Cong.. . 5 00 Mrs. F. H. Wallace ...... 10 00 Savannah, Ohio, Cong...... 17 00 W. H. Westbrook ...... 10 00 J. O. Springer ...... 25 00 May Winter ...... 5 00 Bessie K. S cott ...... 3 00 Mrs. J. P. W a l k e r _____ .... 5 00 C. T. Stew art ...... 5 00 J. E. W alker ...... 10 00 Mr. and Mrs. A. C. S tew ­ J. W . W hite ...... 15 00 art ...... 10 00 Bernice Woodburn ...... 10 00 Mrs. Mary K. Stewart ... 5 00 Mabel Wilson ...... 10 00 Mrs. Mary K. Stewart, in Jennie Williams ...... 10 00 Memory of William J. Mrs. G. W. Whetstone .... 5 00 M iller ...... 25 00 Susan B. Withrow ...... 1 00 Anna M. Strong ...... 10 00 R. H. Williams ...... 10 00 Mrs. T. P. Stephens ...... 5 00 W idow B ...... 5 00 Second, New Wilmington, Mrs. Sarah P. Wallace.... 20 00 Pa., S. S...... 5 00 Miss Martha P. Wilson and Second, New Wilmington. Sister ...... 10 00 Pa., C ong...... 15 00 Women’s Bible Class, Long George C. Shane ...... 10 00 Beach, Calif...... 5 00 Chas. Schlägel ...... 10 00 Wooster, Ohio, Cong...... 700 00 J. A . Sim pson ...... 5 00 W. M. S., First, East Liv­ David M. Stew art ...... 5 00 erpool. Ohio ...... 10 00 Mary E. Simms ...... 10 00 W . M. S., Allegheny P res­ Fannie V. Sims ...... 10 00. bytery ...... 10 00 R. D. and Mary A. Sutton 10 00 W . M. S., Carnegie, Pa. .. 25 00 Edna T. Sutton ...... 1 00 Miss Ida Woods ...... 25 00 Jennie E. and Anna M. W. M. S., Chester, W. Va. 5 00 Shaw ...... 6 00 W . M. S., Paw nee P resby­ D. N. Shaw ...... 2 50 tery ...... 10 00 Annie Sharp ...... 5 00 W . M. S., Cedar Rapids D. M. Safford ...... 15 00 Presbytery ...... 10 00 Miss Helen Sill ...... 1 00 W. M. S., Wheeling Pres­ Miss Ella Scheck ...... 1 00 bytery ...... 5 00 Mrs. A. H. Smith ...... 5 00 W . M. S., M uskingum Mrs. Hugh St. Clair...... 10 00 Presbytery ...... 10 00 262 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

W. M. S., Illinois South­ ELIZABETH SPEER FAUGHT ME­ ern Presbytery ...... 30 00 MORIAL, PRINCIPAL. Y. P. S., Monmouth Pres- First, New Concord, Ohio, h rtery ...... 5 00 Congregation ...... $225 00 Y. I S., West Phila., Pa... 10 00 H. P. Faught ...... 115 00 Y. P. S., Indianola, la.... 18 00 M aria E. C. Y ost ...... 5 00 $340 00 Y. P. is.,, Paterson, N. J.. 6 20 WOMEN’S BOARD. Y. P. S.. First, Phila., Pa. 5 00 1917. Y. P. S. Second, Phila., M ay 24 ...... $560 00 P a ...... 5 00 M ay 25 ...... 6,000 00 Y. P. S., Second, Wilkins- June 8 ...... 8,685 00 burg, P a ...... 15 00 June 9 ...... 195 00 H. T. Young- ...... 25 00 July 7 ...... 9,081 50 Y. W. M. S., First, Wil- July 10 ...... 1,335 00 kinsburg-, Pa...... 5 00 A ugust 9 ...... 2,440 00 Young- Men’s Bible Class, A ugust 10 ...... 6,936 00 Chartiers, Cross Roads, September 5 ...... 50 00 P a ...... 20 00 Septem ber 8 ...... 9,210 00 Y. P. S., First, Mercer, Pa. 50 00 O ctober 5 ...... 9,597 10 N ovem ber 8 ...... 5,709 57 $14,041 89 N ovem ber 12 14,800 00 November 17 ...... 9,337 75 GUJRANWALA SCHOOL, INDIA. N ovem ber 20 100 00 Primary Dept., Homewood, D ecem ber 7 8,770 00 Pittsburgh, Pa ...... $12 00 December Hi ...... 3,100 51 1918. MARTINPUR SCHOOL, INDIA. January 12 ...... 8.941 50 Brotherhood Bible Class, F ebruary 9 8,680 00 Ingram , P a ...... $125 00 February 12 286 00 M arch 8 ...... 7,578 00 NELSON PRATT BOYS’ SCHOOL, M arch 11 ...... 136 00 MARTINPUR, INDIA. A pril 6 ...... 8,155 00 April 18 ...... 1.307 25 Y. P. C. U., Sparta, 111... $30 00 April 25 ...... 613 00 Rev. John P. Nesbit ...... 26 00 $131,604 18 $56 00 ASSUIT COLLEGE. MARY E. PRATT MEMORIAL FUND, PRINCIPAL. Estate of Rev. Henry Wal­ lace, L L .D ...... $300 00 Estate of Mrs. Mary E. Pratt, deceased ...... $1,000 00 GIRLS’ COLLEGE, CAIRO. ANNUITY FUND, PRINCIPAL. Miss M ary L. Kennedy .. $1,000 00 Miss Edith O’Neill ____. . . $1,000 00 Miss Carrie M. Buchanan. 100 00 M iss A im ee S. L a m b ie 9,300 00 Y. P. C. U., Wisconsin Miss Mary J. Brown 77 81 Presbytery ...... 40 00 Robert Edeburn ...... 100 00 C h r is tia n Association, D. R. Hutchison ...... 500 00 Wellesley College ...... 25 00 Mrs. S. M. Jaggers ...... 100 00 W . M. S. W estern College J. B. Spratt ...... 200 00 for Women, Oxford, Ohio 25 00 A Friend of Missions .... 2,000 00 Mrs. Ada Reber ...... 20 00 Miss Iva McCracken ...... 600 00 T. M. Milholland ...... 10 00 Misses Omah L. and Alice W oods ...... 1,000 00 $ 1,220 00 Miss Ida Woods ...... 1,000 00 Dr. James P. Dice ...... 1,000 00 JOHN S. F O W E L R O RPH AN AG E, CAIRO. $16,877 81 W m . C. and M argaret H. .Cleland ...... $5,300 00 J. S. A N D GORM LEY A D A IR Vandergrift, Pa., S. S. .. . 83 42 MEMORIAL FUND, Berean Class, Traer, la. .. 25 00 PRINCIPAL. Interest ...... 71 55 Estate o f J. S. Adair, d e­ ceased ...... $9,90114 $5,479 97 JOHN BELL MEMORIAL FUND, ALLEGHENY NILE BOAT. PRINCIPAL. Interm ediate C. E. S., N or­ E state o f John Bell, d ec’d. $2,000 00 ris Square, Phila...... $25 00 Mrs. Anna M. Burns ... 10 00 ELIZABETH STEWART MEMORI­ $35 00 AL FUND, PRINCIPAL. Estate of Elizabeth Stew­ TANTA HOSPISTAL. art, deceased ...... $11,750 68 Miss S. Nettie Robertson.. $50 00 DAVID AND KATE JUNK FUND, BOYS’ SCHOOL, ALEXANDRIA. PRINCIPAL. Estate of Mattie J. Smith, David Junk ...... $7,000 00 deceased ...... $475 00 Detailed Statement of Treasurer 263

MOTOR CYCLE FUND. First, Mansfield, O., S. S. 50 00 Miss Sadie Thompson ___ 50 00 Chas M. Neeld ...... $55 00 Y. P. C. U., Des Moines Geo. C. Shane ...... 55 00 Presbytery ...... 50 00 Miss Emma Schneider ... 45 00 $110'00 L. M. S., Seventh, Phila., P a ...... 45 00 Women’s Missionary Mag­ ESTATE OF WILLIAM WHITING azine ...... 40 00 BORDEN, DECEASED. William McClenahan ...... 40 00 Columbus City, la., S. S.. 38 00 1917. Dr. and Mrs. M. C. R am a- June 27 ...... $1 94 ley ...... 35 00 November 17 ...... 875 00 Pitzer Cong., Earlham, la. 35 00 1918. Mrs. W. K. Given ...... 35 00 January 9 ...... 330 00 Junior Society, First, Indi­ M arch 25 ...... 166 67 ana, P a ...... 35 00 April 22 ...... 350 00 Dr. F. J. W atson ...... 30 00 Miss Elizabeth S. Irwin .. 30 00 $1,723 61 Y. P. C. U., Piqua, Ohio .. 30 00 W. M. S., Reynoldsburg, Ohio ...... 30 00 Rev. J. W . Cleland ...... 25 00 ESTATE OF WILLIAM REED, Rev. and Mrs. F. W. Cros- DECEASED. bie ...... 25 00 1917. D orcas Teas, Y. L. M. S., June 18 ...... $251 81 Seventh, Phila., Pa ...... 25 00 Bequest, per Miss Luella Miller ...... 25 00 Margaret A. Bell ...... 25 00 Charles Corette ...... 25 00 SPECIALS TO EGYPT. Miss Mabel B. Dickey .... 25 00 Miss R. Elizabeth Milligan 25 00 American Bible Society .. $4,000 00 Miss Anna A. Milligan... 25 00 Miss Evangeline Metheny. 875 72 Dr. and Mrs. A. A. Shaw- Rev. Bruce J. Giffen ...... 697 15 key ...... 25 00 Mrs. E dna B. Parr ...... 625 00 Miss Ida Woods ___ : ...... 25 00 Miss Mary Angevine ...... 500 00 Mrs. J. A . R oy ...... 20 00 Mrs. John W. Gilkerson.. 400 00 Individual, Albia, la 20 00 Beaumont Cong., Cal., Los Mrs. Mason ...... 20 00 Angeles Presbytery ___ 360 00 Miss Mary J. Hess, In Rev. J. P. Finney ...... 300 00 Memory of her Mother, Men’s Missionary League, Mrs. Mary J. Hess ...... 16 00 Columbus, Ohio ...... 258 67 Second, Butler, Pa.. S. S.. 15 00 Mrs. T. J. F inney ...... 202 25 Mrs. Margaret L. Thomp­ Mrs. M. A. Boyd ...... 200 00 son ...... 15 00 Sabbath School Classes, Y. P. C. U., Richm ond, Sterling, Kans...... 184 20 K an s...... 15 00 Miss Nettie L. Downie .... 150 00 Miss Charlotte J. Sanford 15 00 University of Michigan ... US 30 1'. P. C. U., Eighth, Pitts­ Mrs. Nettie W. Martin ... nn0 00 burgh, P a ...... 12 00 J. W . Jackson ...... 10J 00 Wary L. Townsend ...... 10 50 John Whiteside ...... 100 00 Mrs. A nna M. Burns ...... 10 00 W . M. M alouf ...... 100 00 Mrs. C. W . Johnson ...... 10 00 Rev. James D. Hunt, D.D., J. Harvey Borton ...... 10 00 T ravel ...... 95 01 Mrs. T. A. Lam bie ...... 10 00 Progressive and Adult Bi­ Geo. H. Brown ...... 10 00 ble Classes, Hopewell, Mrs. Em m a E. A lexander. 10 00 Beloit, Kans...... 89 00 Y. P. C. U., Brinton Ave., Hon. Wm. Jennings Bryan 80 00 Braddock, Pa ...... 10 00 Miss Elsie M. French .... 80 00 Ernest Oberg ...... 10 00 W. F. Tyler’s Class, Birm­ Roma Beatty Mission Cir­ ingham, Ala...... 78 00 cle, First, Steubenville, Joseph H. Walker ...... 75 00 Ohio ...... 10 00 Dr. Anna B. Watson ... 75 00 Miss Bess Laing ...... 8 00 Y. W. M. S., First, Steu­ Alerta Chapter, Westmins­ benville, Ohio ...... 75 00 ter Guild, Calvary Pres­ Miss Carrie M. Buchanan. 70 00 byterian Church, River­ Xenia Seminary Dormi­ side, Calif...... 8 00 tory, Boys ...... 65 00 ¡YMss Flo Stewart ...... 5 00 Second, New York, N Y. Mrs. Isabella Douglass ... 5 00 Congregation ...... 50 00 Mrs. M cD ow ell’s S. S. D. T. Reed ...... 50 00 Class ...... 5 00 Herbert Finney ...... 50 00 Mrs. Stewart Mitchell, Sr., Mrs. Stella B. Hosmer ... 50 00 S. S. Class, Seventh, A Friend per Mrs. N. Fin­ Phila., P a ...... 5 00 ney ...... 50 00 John- A. Stew art’s S. S. Second, Mile Class, St. Class, Seventh, Phila., Clair S. S., Pittsburgh, Y. W. M. S., Lenox, la... 4 00 P a ...... 50 00 Mr. and Mrs. Robt, Richey 4 00 Robert Dunlap Fund, Sec­ ond, Phila., Pa ...... 50 00 $11,593 80 264 Detailed, Statement of Treasurer

SYRTAN, PALESTINE AND Miss Ida May Lyle ...... 10 00 ARMENIAN RELIEF. Mary H. King ...... 10 00 J. C. R oh lf ...... 10 00 Sunday School Times __ $1,344 64 Cuyahoga Falls, O., Cong.. 10 00 Sixth, Pittsburgh, Pa., S. A Member of Harmony S. Christmas Offering .. 194 87 Church, Butler Pres­ First Church, Beaver Falls, bytery ...... 10 00 Pa...... 117 00 Thos. J. Conley ...... 10 00 Red Oak, la., Congregation 115 42 Mrs. Lizzie J. McFarland. 10 00 Delancey, N. Y., Cong. .. 82 90 Miss Jeanette McFarland. 10 00 B ethsaida Cong-., Tipton, T. W. McKinley and Sister 10 00 Ind...... 55 55 Mrs. J. A. Williamson .... 10 00 T erra Clove S. S., D elan­ Mrs. F. H. Wallace ...... 10 00 cey, N. Y ...... 53 00 •A Friend of Missions .... 10 00 D. T. Reed ...... 50 00 Mrs. Chas. T. Simpson ... 10 00 Miss Alice F. Warden .... 50 00 Y. P. C. U., Cedarwood, Miss Elizabeth M. Warden 50 00 C olo...... 10 00 J. M. Carnahan ...... 50 00 Union Service M. E. and First, Church. Portland, U. P. Churches, Bristol, Oregon ...... 47 24 C olo...... 9 39 Bristol, Colo., Congregation 41 52 Center Ridge, la., Cong... 9 19 Women’s Bible Class, S. S. Secretaries, Sixth, Sixth, Pittsburgh. Pa.... 38 50 Pittsburgh, Pa ...... 8 50 Mexico, Pa., Congregation 33 75 McKinley Park Presbyter­ Fairhaven, Ohio\ Cong. .. 33 63 ian Church, Pittsburgh, Miss Lydia F. Lantz .... 33 00 P a ...... 8 40 Brookdale Cong., St. Jo­ Eloise Crabbe ...... 8 00 seph, M o...... 30 00 Miss Elizabeth Boggs .... 8 00 Men’s Bible Class, Sixth, Mrs. A. B. Dunlap ...... 7 50 Pittsburgh, Pa ...... 30 00 Manhattan, Kans., Cong.. 6 00 Woodlawn. Pa., S. S 27 50 Bible Class, Willing W ork­ First. S. S., Burgettstown, ers, Albany, N. Y ...... 5 00 P a ...... 27 08 Mrs. John Galloway ...... 5 00 Lois and Eunice Bible Wm. Creswell ...... 5 00 Class, Eighth, Pitts­ John G. Daub ...... 5 00 burgh, P a ...... 26 00 Mr. and Mrs. J. Bechtel.. 5 00 Nury Karamanoogian .... 25 00 Mrs. James A. Holmes and Dr. H. S. McClymonds ... 25 00 Miss Mary Ida Holmes .. 5 00 L. M. S., A pollo, P a 23 00 M. H anna ...... 5 00 Stafford, Kans.. Cong. ... 23 00 Mrs. Grace Ferrier Ander­ Y. P. C. U., New Kingston, son ...... 5 00 N. Y ...... 21 00 One Who Wishes to Help. 5 00 John A. S tew art’s S. S. Mrs. M. L. McClenahan .. 5 00 Class, Seventh, Phila., Rev. H. F. Wallace, D.D.. 5 00 P a...... 20 00 Mrs. J. B. Curry ...... 5 00 J. W . W hite ...... 20 00 A. C. T aylor ...... 5 00 Frank S. Clark ...... 20 00 Miss Margaret Yo.ung .... 5 00 Rev. and Mrs. J. B. Jack­ Mary Erwin ...... 5 00 son, D .D ...... 20 00 Nannie J. Graham ...... 5 00 J. H. W atson ...... 20 00 Euphemia Brown ...... 5 00 Pleasant Lawn, la., Cong.. 18 69 Mrs. Jeannette McC. Mc­ The Cove Cong., McCon- Laughlin ...... 5 00 nellsburg, Pa ...... 18 00 Mabel Heslop ...... 5 00 Misses Mary Moore, Ethel Mrs. Eva N. Noble ...... 5 00 Ayres, Blanche Smith Janet Livingstone ...... 5 00 and Margaret B. Smith. 1'8 00 Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Martin 5 00 Y. L. M. S., Hebron, Ind.. 15 43 Miss Elizabeth B. McFar­ Miss Ida Gertrude McKee’s land ...... 5 00 Bible Class, Colorado Peter Moffat ...... 5 00 Springs, Colo...... 15 00 John T. Butler ...... 5 00 Mary M. and Mrs. Nancy Margaret Scott ...... 5 00 Reed ...... ’ ...... 15 00 Mrs. J. H. H arris ...... 5 00 Mr. and Mrs. A. N. Fraser 15 00 W . M. Logan ...... 5 00 Grove City, Pa.. S. S 15 00 Mrs. Jas. Dodds ...... 5 00 S. I. Acheson and Jennie Gertrude Caldwell ...... 5 00 E. Acheson ...... 14 00 Mrs. A. S. Thom pson ___ 5 00 Joella F. Gowdy ...... 13 50 Miss Mary H. Pollock .... 5 00 W e st M iddlesex, Pa. S. S. 12 50 Rev. S. J. Shaw ...... 5 00 Pullm an, W ash., S. S. . . . 11 06 Mabel Weitzel ...... 5 00 Mrs. F. M. W alker ...... 11 00 Mrs. John Clark ...... 5 00 N ew K ingston, N. Y., S. S. 10 75 Sarah G. G ow dy ...... 4 75 Geo. B. Sims ...... 10 50 Mr. and Mrs. T. W. Gordon 4 00 Y. L. M. S., Viola, 111. 10 00 Mrs. Mary B. Philips .... 4 00 Mrs. A. L. Dickson ...... 10 00 Presbyterian S. S., Sidney, Mrs. Blanche D. N icoll ------10 00 N ebr...... 3 82 Jennie M. D ay ...... 10 00 Mrs. Virginia B. Hays and Mary Rogers ...... -...... 10 00 Fam ily ...... 3 00 Mrs. E. E. Cleland ...... 10 00 Mrs. Amanda Porter and R einbeck, la., S. S...... 10 00 Mrs. Mary Porter Kyle. 3 00 J. J. E verhart ...... 10 00 Miss Margaret Boyd ...... 3 00 Mrs. Margaret H. Heade.. 10 00 Mrs. A. Milligan ...... 3 00 Mrs. Julia Cunningham .. 10 00 T. M. Gamble ...... 3 00 Detailed Statement of Treasurer 265

S. M. Pulver ...... 3 00 Native Evangelist League, A Friend ...... 2 00 Chicago, 111...... 60 00 Mrs. W . J. H ilty ...... 2 00 Bible Class, Grove City, John Blakely ...... 2 00 P a ...... 60 00 Mrs. A. J. K. M. M cK e e .. 2 00 Third, Pittsburgh, Pa., S. James McClymonds ...... 2 00 S...... 53 80 Mrs. S. H. W irts ...... 2 00 Greeley, Colo., Cong...... 52 00 John Hazlett ...... 2 00 Y. W. M. S., Second, New Mrs. J. M. T ipton ...... 2 00 Castle, P a ...... 50 00 Josie Holliday ...... 2 00 Golden Rule Class, First, T. M. Smith ...... 2 00 New Concord, O hio ...... 50 00 W. McKinley ...... 2 00 Misses Isabella and Mar­ Mary Clarke ...... 2 00 garet Gillis ...... 50 00 S. S. Class o f Boys, Sixth, Berean Class, First, Mon­ Pittsburgh, Pa ...... 2 00 m outh, 111...... 50 00 Jr. C. U., Leetsdale, Pa. .. 1 50 First, Mansfield, Ohio, S. S. 50 00 Miss Jessie Cooper ...... 1 16 Camp Creek, Tenn., Cong. 50 00 Jr. Y. P. S., W infield, la ,. 1 05 Miss Anna Fulton ...... 50 00 Josephine Dunn ...... 1 00 Y. P. C. U., First, Alle­ Christina Czduleczna ...... 1 00 gheny, P a ...... 50 00 A Friend, Bellevue, Pa. .. 1 00 Adult Bible Class No. 9, M argaret M. D ick ...... 1 00 First, West Newton, Pa. 50 00 Miss Myra Wendt ...... 1 00 Miss H. Moore ...... 50 00 Caldwell Bros...... 1 00 Mrs. Henderson and Mrs. Mrs. W. A. Rhodaberger . 1 00 Linn, In Memory of Mrs. G. H. Thom pson ----- 1 00 Mother, Mrs. Sarah O. A. Davis ...... 1 00 D ougherty ...... 50 00 Miss Margery Walker .... 50 Tingley, la., Cong...... 50 00 Y. P. S. C. E., First, Seat­ $3,517 79 tle, W ash ...... 50 00 R. B. Taggart ...... 50 00 Mrs. Carrie M. Brown .... 50 00 SPECIALS TO INDIA. Miss Kate A. Hill ...... 50 00 O bedience ...... $4,000 00 Robert Dunlap Fund, Sec­ Friends per Rev. S. C. ond, Phila., Pa...... 50 00 Picken ...... 898 00 Mrs. W . J. Cherry ...... 50 00 Estate of Hugh Wilkins, A da C. Hughes ...... 50 00 deceased ...... 500 00 Y. P. C. U., Goldfield, la.. 50 00 First, Oakm ont, Pa., S. S. 325 00 Mrs. A. E. Sands ...... 50 00 Friends per Rev. J. H. Y. P. C. U., E. 187th St., Stew art ...... 319 62 N ew Y ork ...... 50 00 J. B. Sutherland ...... 307 00 H. C. K irkpatrick ...... 50 00 New Kingston Cong., Dela­ Macedonian Circle, Second, ware Presbytery ...... 300 00 New Castle. Pa ...... 50 00 Hope Bible Class, Second. Y. P. C. U., Wooster, Ohio 48 00 Mercer, P a ...... 239 00 Wm. M. Doig ...... 45 00 O. S. Johnston ...... 200 00 Mrs. Blanche D. Nicholl Queen Esther Circle, First, and Boys ...... 41 00 Chicago, 111...... 193 00 Y. P. C. U., Johnstown, Miss Janet M. Lambie ... 180 00 N. Y ...... 40 00 Mrs. Thomas Cooper and Miss J. E. A shton’s Class, Mrs. J. S. Burton ...... 180 00 Salem, N. Y ...... 40 00 Rev. E. L. Porter, D.D., The Gleaners’ Class, First, Travel ...... 174 39 Wichita, Kans...... 37 50 Mrs. Martha E. Nelson .. 166 00 Women’s Bible Class, Glenn Gilmore ...... 160 00 North Bend, Nebr...... 35 00 Dr. Maria. W hite ...... 160 00 Y. P. C. U., Oak Park, Mrs. Eliza Calhoun Carle- Phila., P a ...... 35 00 ton and Friends ...... 155 50 T, G, P eacock ...... 35 00 Mrs. M ary M. M ontgom ery 150 00 J. M. H am ilton ...... 136 90 Y. P. C. U „ Boulevard, Fred C. M acM illan ...... 110 00 Phila., P a ...... 35 00 Mrs. Jennie E. Quay .... 100 00 Mrs. Laura H. Newlin .... 33 00 Fort Morgan, Colo., Cong. 100 00 Third, Spokane, Wash., R. L. E. Chambers ...... 100 00 Primary Dept...... 31 22 Third, Washington, Pa., A Friend per John W. Congregation ...... 100 00 L aw rence ...... 31 00 Miss Roberta McNeilly ... 100 00 Y. P. C. tj„ Florida, N. Y. 30 00 Ethel E. Henderson ...... 100 00 First A llegheny, Pa., S. S. Miss Mollie Kehler and Class ...... 30 00 Scholars ...... 80 95 Elizabeth Class, Venice, M ary M. M cCalm ont ...... 75 00 P a ...... 30 00 W . M. M acB ride ...... 65 00 Connellsville, Pa., S. S. 30 00 Mr. and Mrs. R. A. Ache- Y. P. C. U., Mifflin, Pa. .. 30 00 son ...... 65 00 Girls’ Club, Oak Park, Somonauk, 111., S. S...... 63 25 Phila., P a...... 30 00 A insw orth, la., S. S. Class 62 00 Miss Anna Robb ...... 30 00 Mrs. Mary N. Deerelman.. 60 00 Mrs. Ada Reber ...... 30 00 Y. P. C. U„ Wisconsin W . M. S., F rankfort P res­ Presbytery ...... 60 00 bytery ...... 30 00 Individual. Third, Pitts­ N orth Hill S. S., Akron, O. 30 00 burgh, P a ...... 60 00 Y. P. C. U., Piqua, Ohio.. 30 00 266 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

Y. P. C. U., Mission Creek, Thos. J. Cpnley ...... 10 00 Liberty, Nebr...... 26 50 W. E. and Mrs. Mansfield. 10 00 W. M. S., Butler, Pa 26 00 Mrs. Julia Cunningham .. 10 00 Y. W. C. A., Westminster Mrs. Grace Arneal ...... 10 00 College ...... 25 56 Ida M. Crothers ...... 10 00 Misses Helen and F. Grace Mrs. T. M. B igger ...... 10 00 W e b s t e r ...... 25 10 Anna E. Murray and Floyd Miss S. Nettie Robertson. 25 00 M. Jett ...... 10 00 Emma Dean Anderson Mrs. A. Barrickman ...... 10 00 Class, Mansfield, Ohio .. 25 00 Mrs. M. L. B arnes ...... 10 00 Rev. J. W. Cleland ...... 25 00 Mr. and Mrs. Bert Sloan .. 10 00 Drs. Clausen and Claussen 25 00 Grove City, Pa., S. S...... 10 00 Y. P. C. U., West Alex­ Central R idge S. S., Hill ander, Fa...... 25 00 Top, A rk ...... 10 00 Mrs. Blanche C. Ballantyne 25 00 Class No. 2, Hampton S. Y. P. C. U., Shushan, N. Y. 25 00 S., Allegheny Presbytery 10 00 Miss Elizabeth Campbell.. 25 00 Valencia, Pa., Cong...... 10 00 Rev. and Mrs. F. W. Cros- Mr. and Mrs. Alfred W. bie ...... 25 00 Daniel ...... 10 00 Garrattsville, N. Y., Cong-.. 25 00 Juniors, Richmond, Ohio.. 10 00 United Presbyterian Board Two Adult Classes, Beloit, of Publication ...... 25 00 K an s...... 10 00 Mrs. W. F. Marshall 25 00 R. W . C ...... 8 00 Women’s Missionary Mag­ S u n sh in e Band Class, azine ...... 25 00 Mundale, Walton, N. Y .. 6 15 Jas. W. Grove’s Class, Friends per Mrs. Blanche Fourth, Allegheny, Pa... 25 00 D. Nicoll ...:...... 6 00 West Union Cong., Dun­ Albright Circle, Pilgrim canville, 111...... 25 00 Church, Dorchester, Mrs. R. M. K n ox ...... 25 00 M ass...... 6 00 D. D. Van Lew ...... 25 00 De Witt, la., Cong...... 5 37 Mrs. L. C. M organ ...... 25 00 Mrs. Mary A. Hope ...... 5 25 Jr. Dept., Oak Park, An Aged Lady per Mrs. W. Phila., S. S...... 25 00 N. Cowden ...... 5 00 Men’s Bible Class. Oak Y. P. S., Monmouth Pres­ Park, Phila., S. S 25 00 bytery ...... 5 00 A . B. L aw ...... 25 00 Mrs. Isabella Douglass ;... 5 00 Loyal Daughters’ Class, Friend in Loveland, Colo. 5 00 Latrobe, Pa...... 25 00 Mrs. M. E. R ose ...... 5 00 Y. P. C. U., First, Phila... 25 00 A Friend, Summerfield, Y. P. C. U., Turtle Creek, K an s...... 5 00 P a ...... 24 12 Miss Clara M. Anderson. . 5 00 S. S. and Jr. Society, K im - Miss Laura B. Anderson.. 5 00 bolton, Ohio ...... 23 05 Lillian Milles ...... 5 00 Mr. and Mrs. M. L. Barr.. 22 25 A Friend, Pittsburg, Kans. 5 00 A Friend of India, Puget W. H. Black ...... 5 00 Sound ...... 21 00 J. A. M cGowan ...... 5 00 Miss Lois M. Buchanan .. 21 00 C. E. S., First, Kansas Birthday Box, First, San City, Mo.- ...... 5 00 Diego, Calif...... 20 00 “B” Marsh, la ...... 5 00 Mr. and Mrs. P. M. Carna­ W. M. S., Chester, W. Va. 5 00 han ...... i....-...... 20 00 Y. L. M. S., Hebron, Ind. 5 00 T w o S. S. Classes, First, A Friend ...... 3 50 East Liverpool, Ohio ... 20 00 Thos. and Margaret Mar­ J. W . N ew lin ...... 20 00 shall ...... 3 25 Missionary Society, Va­ Miss Roma Beatty ...... 2 25 lencia, Pa...... 20 00 Mrs. W. H. Anderson .... 2 00 Jr. C. U., Second, New Mrs. Sarah Vermillion .... 2 00 York, N. Y ...... 18 00 Mrs. Nancy Bell ...... 1 25 Miss Anna A. Milligan ... 17 00 Mrs. Emily Glasgow ...... 1 00 W. M. S., Fall River, Mass. 16 00 Mrs. Olie Tuttle ...... 50 Rev. Moses Hay ...... 15 00 Y. P. C. U., Knoxville, $13,678 35 Toronto, Ohio ...... 15 00 Mrs. W. J. Buchanan and F am ily ...... 15 00 MISCELLANEOUS. First, Omaha, Nebr., S. S. National Cloak and Suit Birthday Offering ...... 12 12 Co., Special to India ... $15 29 Sr. C. E. S. Pilgrim Literary Digest, Special to Church, Dorchester, India ...... 5 00 M ass...... 10 00 Atlantic Monthly, Special Bible Class, First, Phila... 10 00 to India ...... 5 00 Miss Winifred J. Anderson 10 00 Rural Branch of the Pres­ $25 29 byterian Missionary So­ ciety, Cadiz, Ohio ...... 10 00 J. M. Houston ...... 10 00 SUDAN FUND. Rev. W. H. Marlin ...... 10 00 Sixth, Pittsburgh, Pa., •Individual, U ncom pahgre Men’s Association ...... $2,800 00 Presbytery ...... 10 00 A Friend of Missions ...... 15 00 Janet Livingstone ...... 10 00 Y. W. M. S., Lisbon, N. Y. 10 00 $2,815 00 Detailed Statement of Treasurer 26 7

INDIA PERMANENT EQUIPMENT SEMI-CENTENNIAL FUND. FUND. A Friend ...... $100 00 W est P enn R a ilr o a d A. N. F/aser, Secretary... $900 00 Bonds, Income ...... 100 00 First, Allegheny, Pa., Congregation ...... 551 75 Shadyside Cong., Pitts­ $200 00 burgh, P a ...... 214 00 Mrs. S. A. W allace ...... 200 00 LADIES’ MISSIONARY SOCIETIES, Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Martin 200 00 ACCOUNT WOMEN’S BOARD. First, Akron, Ohio, S. S... 60 00 Idaho Presbytery ...... $21 00 D. T. Reed ...... 50 00 Ewart, Iowa ...... 20 00 Argyle Presbytery ...... 10 00 $2,175 75 Steubenville Presbytery .. 4 00 FRONTIER MISSION HOSPITAL. $55 00 Dr. Jas. P. Dice ..... $1,000 00 MISSIONARIES, SPECIAL. Estate of Mrs. E. A. Brownlee, deceased .... 1,000 00 Rev. A. W. Johnston ...... $28 00 Interm ediate Y. P. S., L. M. S., Second, Cincin­ Fifth, Pittsburgh, Pa. .. 2 70 nati, Ohio ...... 4 00 $2,002 70 $32 00 ELM GROVE CEMETERY STOCK. SPECIALS TO SUDAN. 1917. J. R. Spwash ...... $500 00 M ay 2 ...... $27 00 New Athens, Ohio. Cong.. 100 00 1918. Jr. Dept. First, Wilkins- April 18 ...... 36 00 burg, P a ...... 50 00 Mrs. Jos. J. Francis ...... 50 00 $63 00 Y. P. C. U., First, Buffalo, N. Y ...... 50 00 FORWARD MOVEMENT. Lela D. Green ...... 50 00 Individual, St. Clair Cong., Rev. Elbert L. McCreery.. 40 00 Pittsburgh, Pa ...... $15« 00 Women’s Missionary Mag- Misses Nellie B. and Kate azine ...... 25 00 M. Langhead ...... 15 00 Y. P. C. U.. Knoxville Col- Miss Jennie McCahon .... 5 00 lege ...... 25 00 Y. P. S., Second, Mon- $176 00 m outh, 111...... 20 00 Mrs. Anna M. Campbell RESERVE FUND. and Daughter ...... 15 00 Mrs. A. B. Dunlap ...... 5 00 Matured Annuity Donation, Mrs. W. B. Glover ...... 5 00 Mrs. M. G. F ord ...... $200 00 Intermediate Y. P. S., Knoxville College ...... 3 00 EGYPTIAN TRUST FUND INCOME. $938 00 1917. May 7 ...... $20 25 June 25 ...... 4 50 MISCELLANEOUS. July 5 ...... 21 00 First National Bank, New A ugust 21 ...... 10 13 Wilmington, Pa., Special A ugust 29 ...... 4 50 to Sudan ...... $75 00 October 16 ...... 21 00 Montgomery, Ward & Co., October 20 ...... 11 25 Special to Sudan ...... 10 40 November 7 ...... 9 00 Curtis Publishing'Co., Spe­ November 26 ...... 4 50 cial to Sudan ...... 3 25 December 5 ...... 10 13 191'8. $88 65 January 14 ...... 21 00 M arch 2 ...... 4 50 EDUCATIONAL SECRETARY’S April 22 ...... 21 00 April 27 ...... 11 25 SALARY. Walter P. Fraser $1,000 00 $174 01 Fred O. Shane .. 500 00 Geo. C, Shane .. 250 00 MATTHEW NICKLE MEMORIAL FUND INCOME. $1,750 00 1917. M ay 14 ...... $39 00 PR. J. GREGORY MARTIN FUND. November 17 ...... 39 00 Walter P. Fraser ...... $1,575 00 $78 00 B O YS’ SCHOOL, SUDAN. MATTHEW NICKLE MEMORIAL Mrs. J. G. Bull ...... $5 00 FUND IN TRUST, INCOME. 1917. DR. T. A. LAMBIE’S HOSPITAL. M ay 14 ...... $51 00 November 17 ...... 51 00 Young Ladies’ Class, First, Columbus, Ohio ...... $73 00 $102 00 268 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

REV. JOHN B. DALES, D.D., SEMI­ November 5 ...... 9 00 CENTENNIAL FUND INCOME. December 24 ...... 1 30 1917. 1918. June 25 ...... $75 00 January 14 ...... 39 00 A ugust 29 ...... 75 00 January 23 ...... * 8 10 November 26 ...... 75 00 January 25 ...... 90 00 1918. February 12 186 81 M arch 2 ...... 75 00 M arch 26 ...... 33 00 April 16 ...... 12 00 $300 00 A pril 22 ...... 30 00

WALLACE KIDD MEMORIAL $818 41 FUND INCOME. 1917. L. AND M. E. A. FUND INCOME. June 1 ...... $30 00 1917. December 18 ...... 30 00 June 26 ...... $30 00 1918. $60 00 January 14 ...... 30 00 MRS. ELIZA J. DALES MEMORIAL $60 00 FUND INCOME. 1917. PRES SLY MEMORIAL FUND May 7 ...... $6 92 INCOME. July 20 ...... 20 77 1917. November 5 ...... 6 92 M ay 7 ...... $23 03 1918. June 25 ...... 34 04 M arch 25 ...... 20 77 A ugust 17 ...... 90 75 A ugust 29 ...... 34 04 $55 38 October 25 ...... 20 25 November 5 ...... 23 03 MR. A N D M RS. GEO. S. B R U SH November 26 ...... 34 04 ENDOWMENT FUND INCOME. 1918. 1917. February 18 ...... 90 76 November 17 ...... $30 00 M arch 2 ...... 34 04 1918. A pril 11 ...... 20 25 February 12 ...... 30 00 $404 22 $60 00 STERRETT AND AGNES CUM­ SARAH A. SAWYER MEMORIAL MINS MEMORIAL FUND INCOME. FUND INCOME. 1917. 1917. M ay 7 ...... $4 50 June 26 ...... $75 00 August 21 ...... 4 Jh A ugust 11 ...... 55 50 A ugust 22 ...... 18 SO September 24 ...... 19 50 October 20 ...... 4 50 1918. December 5 ...... 4 05 January 14 ...... 75 00 1918. February 12 ...... 55 50 January 23 ...... •.•...... 18 90 M arch 26 ...... 19 50 April 27 ...... 4 50 $300 00 $59 40 GIBSON TRUST FUND INCOME. MARY L. PRATT FUND INCOME. 1917. 1917. M ay 14 ...... $140 00 July 19 ...... $9 00 June 11 ...... 140 00 1918. July 9 ...... 140 00 January 25 ...... 9 00 A ugust 13 ...... 140 00 September 17 ...... 140 00 $18 00 O ctober 8 ...... 140 00 November 13 ...... 140 00 CAMPBELL B. HERRON MEMOR­ December 12 ...... 140 00 IAL FUND INCOME. 1918. 1917. January 17 ...... 140 00 July 5 ...... $60 00 February 5 ...... 140 00 July 19 ...... 20 00 M arch 4 ...... 140 00 September 14 ...... 14 36 April 8 ...... 140 00 December 13 ...... 18 00 December 24 ...... 20 00 $1/680 "00 1918. January 14 ...... 60 00 ARCHIBALD LENDRUM FUND INCOME. $192 36 1917. M ay 7 ...... $9 00 SAMUEL KERR FUND INCOME. June 26 ...... 39 00 1917. July 19 ...... 1 30 M ay 7 ...... $97 50 August 11 ...... 150 80 June 9 ...... 15 00 A ugust 17 ...... 126 00 June 18 ...... 3 00 August 22 ...... '8 10 June 26 ...... 36 30 September 24 ...... 33 00 A ugu st 11 ...... 12 00 October 16 ...... 30 00 A ugust 17 ...... 36 00 O ctober 20 ...... 12 00 A ugust 21 ...... 71 55 Detailed Statement of Treasurer 269

September 15 ...... 3 00 ELIZA CHRISTIE FUND INCOME. October 20 ...... 107 40 1917. October 25 ...... 6 75 M ay 7 ...... $21 61 November 5 18 00 June 25 ...... 30 00 November 17 ...... 18 30 July 10 ...... 6 00 December 5 ...... 71 55 July 19 ...... 30 00 December 11 ...... 15 00 August 11 ...... 62 40 December 18 ...... 3 00 A ugust 27 ...... 15 00 1918. August 29 ...... 30 00 January 14 ...... 36 30 November 7 ...... 21 61 January 25 ...... 9 00 November 17 ...... 45 00 February 12 33 30 November 26 ...... 30 00 February 25 ...... 36 00 1918. M arch 19 ...... 3 00 January 3 ...... 30 00 A pril 11 ...... 6 75 January 14 ...... 60 00 A pril 16 ...... 15 00 February 12 ...... 53 39 A pril 27 ...... 92 40 February 25 ...... 15 00 M arch 2 ...... 30 00 $746 10 $480 01 JAMES JUNK FUND INCOME. JOSEPH AND ELIZA BARR ME­ 1917. MORIAL FUND INCOME. June 18 $12 00 June 26 ...... 49 50 1917. July 19 June 33 00 25 ...... $28 50 October 16 ...... 30 00 A ugust 29 ...... 28 50 October 20 ...... 25 50 November 26 ...... 28 50 December 18 ...... 12 00 1918. 1918. M arch 2 ...... 28 50 January 14 ...... 12 00 January 25 ...... 70 50 $114 00 M arch 9 12 08 April 22 ...... 30 00 JAMES AND AGNES SANKEY ME­ April 27 ...... 25 50 MORIAL FUND INCOME. $312 OS 1917. August 17 ...... $30 00 1918. MRS. JANE E. MACK MEMORIAL February 18 ...... 30 00 FUND INCOME. $60 00 1917. O ctober 20 ...... $15 00 1918. ROBERTSON MEMORIAL FUND April 27 ...... 15 00 INCOME. $30 00 1917. A ugust 17 ...... $15 00 1918. ELLA JANE DYSART FUND F ebruary 25 ...... 15 00 INCOME. 1917. $30 00 June 26 ...... $15 00 1918. ELIZABETH ADAIR CURRIE January 14 ...... 15 00 FUND INCOME. 1917. $30 00 A ugust 17 ...... $60 00 191S- JAMES S. McNARY FUND February 12 ...... 60 00 INCOME. $ 1 2 0 0 0 1917. June 26 ...... $26 70 July 19 ...... 35 80 REV. W. W. BARR, D.D., ME­ September 14 ...... 28 72 MORIAL FUND INCOME. December 13 ...... 36 00 1917. December 24 ...... 10 00 $15 00 1918. August 17 . 1918. January 14 ...... 26 70 15 00 January 25 ...... 25 80 February 12 $30 00 $189 72 MARGARET WILSON MEMORIAL MARY STERRITT MEMORIAL FUND INCOME. FUND INCOME. 1917. 1917. A ugust 11 ...... $30 00 May 7 ...... $14 29 1918- ™ November 7 ...... 14 29 January 14 ...... 30 00

S28 58 860 00 270 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

CHARITY PORTER MEMORIAL, ROBERT WOOD LYNN MEMORIAL FUXD INCOME. SCHOLARSHIP INCOME. 1917. 1917. June 9 ...... $28 50 September 10 ...... $6 67 December 11 ...... 28 50 November 17 ...... 23 33 1918. 1918. February 12 ...... 28 50 January 14 ...... 30 00 $85 50 $60 00 ROBERT DWIGHT FOSTER ME­ REV. JOHN M. ADAIR MEMORIAL MORIAL FUND INCOME. 1917. FUND INCOME. July 10 ...... $30 00 1917. 1918. M ay 14 ...... $30 00 January 14 ...... 30 00 A ugust 6 ...... 54 00 November 17 ...... 30 00 $60 00 1918. February 5 ...... 54 00 TH O M AS S. AN D M A R Y J. M c- $168 00 CLANAHAN MEMORIAL FUND INCOME. 1917. NATHANIEL B. HAYDEN ME­ M ay 14 ...... $30 00 MORIAL FUND INCOME. November 17 ...... 30 00 1917. October 20 ...... $57 60 $60 00 1918. A pril 27 ...... • 57 60 McCARRELL-MOORE FUND INCOME. $115 20 1917. A ugust 6 ...... $27 00 ALEXANDER H. McARTHUR 1918. February 5 ...... 27 00 FUND INCOME. 1917. $54 00 June 19 $30 00 December 24 30 00 MRS. AGNES A. CLARK, JESSIE 00 AND MARY CLARK MEMORIAL FUXD INCOME. REV. JAMES PRICE, D.D., ME­ 1917. MORIAL FUXD IXCOME. M ay 14 ...... $6 00 October 16 ...... 9 00 1917. November 17 ...... 6 00 A ugust 11 ...... $28 50 1918. October 12 ...... 1 50 A pril 22 ...... 9 00 February 12 ...... 28 50 $30 00 $58 50 KENNETH WILSON SMITH ME­ MORIAL FUND INCOME. MARY BOYLE MEMORIAL FUND 1917. INCOME PER TRUSTEES’ July 20 ...... $6 75 GENERAL ASSEMBLY. 1918. M arch 25 ...... 6 75 1917. August 8 .. $240 00 $13 50 1918. February 12 240 00 NELSON PRATT MEMORIAL $4S0 00 FUXD INCOME. 1917. July 20 ...... $27 00 JOHN BELL MEMORIAL FUND 1918. INCOME. M arch 25 ...... 27 00 1917. $68 80 $54 00 M ay 7 ...... M ay 8 ...... 105 00 June 4 ...... 12 22 ROBERT WOOD LYNX MEMORIAL July 10 ...... If. 48 BED INCOME. August 17 72 00 1917. A ugust 27 2 36 September 10 ...... $6 67 September 15 60 00 November 17 ...... 23 33 September 24 51 00 1918. October 4 .. 72 22 January 14 ...... 30 00 October 29 .. 42 63 November 2 .. 52 50 $60 00 December 24 . 158 15 Detailed Statement of Treasurer 271

1918. 1918. January 14 12 00 January 4 ...... 69 00 January 25 97 58 January 14 ...... 135 00 February 12 ...... 12 00 January 23 ...... 26 00 February 18 ...... 60 00 January 25 ...... 53 15 February 25 ...... 2 36 February 5 ...... 81 00 March 9 ...... 39 00 February 12 ...... 38 94 March 19 ...... 60 00 M arch 1 50 00 M arch 26 ...... 72 00 M arch 19 86 16 April 10 ...... 24 44 M arch 23 25 00 April 27 ...... 30 00 M arch 25 135 00 M arch 26 3 00 $1,122 74 $1,482 70 JOHN AND ANN JANE CRAIG ME­ MORIAL FUND INCOME. PRESSLY FUND INCOME. 1917. 1917. September 24 ...... $31 50 June 25 ...... $72 88 1918. A ugust 29 ...... 72 88 March 26 ...... 31November 50 26 ...... 72 88 1918. $63 00 M arch 2 ...... 72 88 MARTHA J. McGINNIS MEMORIAL $291 52 FUND INCOME. 1917. EGYPTIAN THEOLOGICAL SEMI­ July 19 ...... $9 75 NARY ENDOWMENT FUND December 24 ...... 9 75 INCOME. 1917. $19 50 June 25 ...... $150 00 A ugust 29 ...... 150 00 REV. DAVID M. URE. D.D., MEM­ November 26 ...... 150 00 ORIAL FUND, INCOME. 1918. 1917. M arch 2 ...... 150 00 May 7 $105 00 May 14 28 50 $600 00 May 26 40 50 June 26 75 00 ROBERT BRADEN MEMORIAL July 2 90 00 FUND INCOME. July 14 43 75 1917. July 19 45 00 June 9 ...... $30 00 August 17 ...... 44 85 December 11 ...... 30 00 August 27 ...... 71 92 1918. September 21 ...... 24 28 February 12 ...... 30 00 October 15 43 75 November 17 ...... 2S 50 $90 00 December 3 ...... 40 50 December 24 ...... 75 00 ELLA M. FLOYD MEMORIAL 1918. FUND INCOME. January 2 ...... 90 00 1917. January 3 ...... 45 00 M ay 14 ...... $30 00 January 15 ...... 43 75 November 13 ...... 30 00 February 12 ...... 44 85 February 25 ...... 71 92 $60 00 March 26 ...... 60 00 April 1 ...... 90 00 MARTHA B. WARDEN MEMORIAL April 15 ...... 43 75 FUND INCOME. 1917. $1,335 83 O ctober 1 ...... $150 00 1918. MRS. FRANCES M. URE MEMOR­ A pril 22 ...... 150 00 IAL FUND INCOME. 1917. $300 00 May 7 ...... $33 05 May 26 ...... 22 99 MRS. MARTHA J. BROWN ME­ June 26 ...... 18 00 July 2 ___ •...... 69 00 MORIAL FUND INCOME. July 3 ...... 7 50 1917. July 5 ...... 24 00 October 12 ...... $27 00 July 10 ...... I l l 00 1918. A ugust 6 ...... 81 00 A pril 9 ...... 27 00 August 11 ...... 35 80 August 15 ...... 135 00 $54 00 August 17 ...... 3 15 A ugust 22 ...... 26 00 MRS. ALICE MILLER EBERBACH September 7 ...... 50 75 FUND INCOME. September 15 ...... 11 16 1917. September 16 ...... 75 00 October 29 ...... $60 00 September 24 ...... 3 00 1918. N ovem ber 5...... 33 05 April 27 ...... 60 00 December 3 ...... 23 00 December 24 ...... 18 00 $120 00 272 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

J. S. A N D JE N N IE GO RM LEY DOROTHY H. P. HUMPHREY ME ADAIR MEMORIAL FUND MORIAL FUND INCOME. INCOME. 1917. 1917. A ugust 17 ...... $15 00 September 15 ...... $72 84 1918. 1918. « January 7 ...... 120 00 M arch 19 ...... 72 84 January 31 ...... 80 00 February 12 ...... 15 00 $145 68 A pril 4 ...... 120 00 $350 00 WASIF TELKA MEMORIAL FUND CATHERINE M. W. FOSTER ME­ INCOME. MORIAL FUND INCOME. 1917. 1917. September 15 ...... $30 00 M ay 14 $67 50 1018. October 20 ...... 4 50 M arch 19 ...... 30 00 November 17 ...... 67 50 1918. $60 00 A pril 27 ...... 4 50 $144 00 INVESTMENTS AND LOANS. THOMAS AND ELIZABETH Mc- CARRELL MEMORIAL FUND Matured Mortgages ...... $9,250 00 INCOME. City of New York Assess­ 1917. ment Bonds ...... 7,052 50 July 5 ...... $30 00 Loan Repaid ...... 1,430 00 1918. January 14 ...... 30 00 $17,732 50 $60 00 AMEEN KHAYAT MEMORIAL FUND INCOME. 1917. June 26 ...... $30 00 Philadelphia, M ay 11th, 1918. 1918. January 14 ...... 30 00 To the Board of Foreign Missions of the United Presbyterian Church $60 00 of North America. BUSTA BEY KHAYAT MEMORIAL G entlem en: FUND. I hereby certify that I have exam­ 1917. ined the accounts and vouchers of June 26 ...... $30 00 1918. Robert L. Latimer, Treasurer, for January 14 ...... 30 00 the year ending April 30th, 1918, and find same correct. $60 00 The cash balance, securities and SEVERANCE MEMORIAL FUND investments have been verified by INCOME. me, and I also certify same to be 1917. correct. June 26 ...... $30 00 1918. Respectfully submitted, January 14 ...... 30 00 JOHN A. STEWART, $60 00 A uditor. Detailed Statement of Treasurer 273

d e t a i l e d s t a t e m e n t o f t r e a s u r e r

acknowledgment o f r e c e i p t s From May 1st, 1918 to April 30th, 1919

presbyteries . A lbany ...... $2,839 56 L ake ...... 2,437 58 A llegheny ...... 21,291 79 Le Claire ...... 856 13 A rgyle ...... 3,841 1-6 Los Angeles ...... 3,772 62 Arkansas Valley ...... 2,641 85 Mansfield ...... 1,280 86 Beaver Valley ...... 8,212 92 M ercer ...... 4,512 15 Big S p r in g ...... 1,326 73 M onm outh ...... 5,348 37 Boston ...... 1,569 09 Monongahela ...... 35,363 47 Brookville ...... 580 17 M uskingum ...... 4,032 77 Butler ...... 5,757 97 New Jersey ...... 661 41 Caledonia ...... 3,724 63 N ew Y ork ...... 312 51 Cedar Rapids ...... 2,959 19 Ohio First ...... 3,525 03 Chartiers ...... 8,432 32 Oklahom a ...... 297 61 Chicago ...... 2,615 30 Omaha ...... 2,029 59 Cleveland ...... 7,103 57 Oregon ...... 760 02 College Springs ...... 4,836 29 P aw nee ...... 1,831 10 Colorado ...... 3,246 50 Philadelphia ...... 8,617 56 Concordia ...... 319 72 Pittsburgh ...... 420 88 Conem augh ...... 2,793 66 Puget Sound ...... 1,305 33 Delaware ...... 2,699 18 Rock Island ...... 2,528 68 Des Moines ...... 3,497 13 San Francisco ...... 1,696 20 Detroit ...... 1,823 13 Sidney ...... 2,634 40 F rankfort ...... 1,160 66 Spokane ...... ' ...... 529 63 Garnett ...... 825 92 Steubenville ...... 4,738 60 Hudson ...... 1,780 31 Tennessee ...... 874 16 Idaho ...... 726 35 T exas ...... 347 42 Illinois Central ...... 1,099 63 Uncompahgre ...... 114 44 Illinois Southern ...... 5,021 91 V erm ont ...... 169 80 Indiana ...... 1,966 32 Westmoreland ...... 7,970 64 Indiana Northern ...... 403 28 W heeling ...... 5,844 33 Iowa Northwestern ...... 269 66 W isconsin ...... 1,000 00 Kansas City ...... 1,523 81 X enia ...... 4,778 84 K eokuk ...... 3,838 61 Kiskiminetas ...... 2,209 29 $223,529 73

SABBATH SCHOOLS. J. G. P aton Bible Class, Carnahan Creek, Garrison Beaver Falls, Pa ...... $750 00 K an s...... 12 00 First, Newburgh, N. Y. . 401 04 Russellton, Pa...... 10 85 First, Indiana, Pa ...... 400 00 Ontario, Oreg...... 7 Seventh, Frankford, Phila, Swanwick, 111...... 5 P a ...... 269 80 Boys’ Class, Tarentum, Pa 5 Union, McKees Rock, Pa. 87 90 Lebanon, Pa ...... 3 Bible Class, Jamestown Jefferson, Pa ...... 2 P a ...... 50 00 Quincy, Pittsburgh, Kans. 1 Young Ladies’ Bible Class Shedds, Oreg...... 1 No. 7, West Newton, Pa 48 00 Albany Presbytery ...... 150 00 Lisbon, Ohio ...... 35 00 Allegheny Presbytery ... 147 89 Pitcairn, Pa ...... 33 88 Argyle Presbytery ...... 185 23 San Diego, Calif...... 25 00 Arkansas Valley Presby Martin’s Ferry, Ohio ... 24 42 tery ...... 67 40 Pitzer, la ...... 20 85 Beaver Valley Presbytery 524 84 Houston Valley, Tenn. ... 16 60 Big Spring Presbytery .. 290 83 North Kandy, Sandy Lake Boston Presbytery ... 410 85 P a ...... - 15 00 Brookville Presbytery 96 72 Grande Ave., Cedar Kaij Butler Presbytery __ 225 16 ids, la ...... 14 00 g^edonia Presbytery 178 33 Edna Abbott’s Class 870 00 Springfield, Kans. ... 14 00 Cleveland P res^^i? Co-Workers’ Bible Class College Springs Presbytery m Riverside, Calif...... 13 00 Colorado Presbytery .. 59 89 Elderton, Pa ...... 13 00 Conemaugh Presbytery 122 92 274 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

Delaware Presbytery .... 275 87 Mercer Presbytery ...... 236 16 De Moines Presbytery 90 22 Monmouth Presbytery 411 06 Detroit i*'resbytery ...... 302 00 Monongahela Presbytery . 527 99 Frankfort Presbytery ----- 216 93 Muskingum Presbytery .. 402 12 Garnett Presbytery ...... 143 55 New Jersey Presbytery .. 8 04 Hudson Presbytery ...... 271 70 Ohio, First, Presbytery... 90 64 Idaho Presbytery ...... 48 00 Oregon Presbytery ...... 11 88 Illinois, Central Presbytery 40 15 Pawnee Presbytery ...... 61 33 Illinois, Southern Presby­ Philadelphia Presbytery .. 589 IS tery ...... 40 49 Puget Sound Presbytery.. 29 51 Indiana Presbytery ...... 54 11 San Francisco Presbytery. 113 25 Indiana; Northern Presby­ Steubenville Presbytery .. 13« 50 tery ...... 73 53 Tennessee Presbytery 13 00 Iowa, Northwestern Pres­ Uncompaghre Presbytery . 5 64 bytery ...... 10 00 Vermont Presbytery ...... 20 05 Kansas City Presbytery .. 49 75 Westmoreland Presbytery. 976 56 Keokuk Presbytery ...... 23 92 Wheeling Presbytery ...... 73 00 Kiskirainetas Presbytery 41 75 Xenia Presbytery ...... 183 6S Lake Presbytery ...... 258 79 Le Claire Presbytery .... 70 97 $12,123 49 Los Angeles Presbytery .. 97 88

INDIVIDUALS.

J. A. Christensen ...... $1,000 00 Y. M. C. A., W estm inster Jam es M. Stew art ...... 1,000 00 College ...... 87 00 The Howison Family ...... 500 00 Miss Ada Reber ...... 85 00 Charles M. Neeld ...... 500 00 Rev. Robert Maxwell, Re­ Rev. J. W. Baird, Refund. 446- 82 fund ...... 81 47 Rev. S. M. Zwemer, D.D., Individual, Wheeling Pres­ R efund ...... 430 26 bytery ...... 80 00 Rev. J. A. Williamson, Y. W. C. A., Westminster D.D ...... 400 00 College ...... 77 75 Dr. L. M. H enry ...... 400 00 Rev. Thos. F. Cummings, Dr. L. M. Henry, Refund. 359 25 D.D ...... 75 00 Wm. Wright ...... 300 00 John and Mary D. Bechtel Mr. and Mrs. W. P. Fraser 300 00 71 62 A Friend per Rev. A. W. Rev. Harris J. Stewart, Re­ Jamieson, D.D ...... 300 00 fund ...... 69 51 Rev. J. R. Alexander, D.D., S. P. Junk ...... 65 00 R efund ...... 285 85 Rev. A. M. Laing, Refund 62 32 Rev. J. H. Boyd, Refund .. 267 37 A Friend, Waynesboro, Pa. 60 00 Lyman T. Bixler ...... 243 50 Individuals, Oskaloosa, la. 57 50 T. M. C. A., Pittsburgh Mrs. Margaret L. McClen­ Theological Seminary .. 226 00 ahan ...... 50 00 W. W. Shillito ...... 50 00 James Hoven ...... 200 00 Mrs. Jennie L. McClana- William Hamilton Annuity 200 00 han ...... 50 00 J. O. Springer ...... 160 00 Hattie and Lena McQuis- A Friend of Missions .... 155 00 ton ...... 50 00 Kenton, Ohio, Property .. 149 60 Anonymous, Pittsburgh .. Rev. James G. Hunt, D.D. 126 50 50 00 H. T. Armstrong 50 00 Rev. James K. Quay, Re­ Eleanftr R. Gibb ...... 50 00 fund ...... 134 71 Mrs. Eva N. Noble ...... 50 00 Individual, Indianola, la... 125 00 Mrs. Mary J. Pollock ___ 50 00 Fulton Bros...... 125 00 Mr. and Mrs. E. S. Mc­ Rev. H. E. Philips, Ph.D., Clellan ...... 50 00 Refund ...... 125 00 Mrs. Andrew Blair ...... 50 00 Wm. Shepherd ...... 122 42 Rev. Robert Maxwell .... 43 88 Prof. R. S. McClenahan, Cora M. D avis ...... 40 00 R efund ...... 114 64 Mrs. L. J. Oliver, Eva M James Rafferty Estate ... 114 33 Cooper and Kate C. A Contributor, Jersey City, Smith ...... 40 00 N. J...... 100 00 Miss Anna Belle Ferrier.. 40 00 A Friend per Rev. J. S. Individuals, Monongahela Turnbull ...... 100 00 Presbytery ...... 36 00 Mrs. D. L. Barackman... 100 00 Individuals, per Missionary Mr. and Mrs. S. C. Gibson 100 00 and Efficiency Commit- Mrs. Albert McCleery...... 100 00 tee 35 20 Geo. W. Aikin ...... 100 00 Estella ’ R.' Silver .’.’ 33 00 Friends of Missions ...... 100 00 Rev. W. H. Ross ...... 30 00 Rev. A. A. Thompson . ,t 100 00 J. B. P orter ...... 30 00 Two Friends, Redford, Miss Jennie W iuia.ns ...... 30 00 M ich...... 100 00 eo ¡aims ...... 28 00 W. B. Gillis ...... 1 0ÍV o o gouston Valley, Tenn., 100 00 Cong...... 27 22 Mrs. SH2-.h . G ]H a n n a / J. C. Allison ...... D.D ...... 25 00 100 00 A Friend, Washington, la.. 25 00 Missionary Union, Moody S. M. Ralston ...... 25 00 Institute, Chicago ...... 92 50 Albert McCleery ...... 25 00 Elm Grove Cemetery Stock 90 00 N. I. B ...... 25 00 Detailed Statement of Treasurer 275

Indiana, Pa., Telephone W A R EMERGENCY FUND, Stock ...... 25 00 Cash, per R ev. J. H. J. P. Alexander ...... 25 00 White, D.D., Treasurer $63,574 47 M iss H. Cliffie Rankin . . . 25 00 U. S. Liberty Loan Bonds Mrs. James Cowan ...... 25 00 per Rev. J. H. White A Friend ...... 25 00 D.D., Treasurer 60,350 00 W. J. V incam p ...... 23 20 F red O. Shane .. 5,074 50 P roperty ...... 21 82 War Savings Certificates per Rev. J. H. W hite A Friend, Hanover, 111... 20 00 D.D., Treasurer 850 00 A Friend, Indiana, Pa. .. 20 00 E. F. McMillin ... 472 10 Miss Sarah Milholland ... 20 00 Mrs. Margaret McClenahan 50 00 Rev. James B. Clapperton Miss M. L. Moore ___ 50 00 D .D ...... 20 00 Helen Margaret Milne 6 00 Mrs. Ramsey ...... 20 00 Mrs. R. M. K ing ...... 5 00 Rev. W. H. McMaster Mrs. Mary McKinley . 5 00 P h.D ...... 19 49 Ethel G. Collins ...... 5 00 Second Church, Belling ham, W ash ...... 16 22 $130,442 07 Ross Chappell ...... 15 50 A Friend in Cambridge. 15 00 YOUNG PEOPLE'S SOCIETIES. Individual, Mercer Presby tery ...... 15 00 Eastbrook, Pa ...... $100 00 Mary G. Palm er ...... 15 00 Second, Allegheny, Pa... 100 00 Mrs. Elisabeth L. McMas Fair Haven, Ohio ...... 52 75 ter ...... 15 00 V erona, P a...... 50 00 Maps ...... 14 55 Avalon, P a...... 45 00 Jessie Donnell ...... 12 00 West Charlton, N. Y. ... 25 00 Mrs. W . S. H ew itt ...... 10 10 West 44th St., New York. 25 00 Henry Scott ...... 10 00 Salinas, Calif...... 20 00 Mrs. Lillian A. Hall ...... 10 00 Second, Pittsburgh, Pa. . 20 00 Miss A. Laura Cleland... 10 00 New Alexandria, Pa ...... 8 00 Beaver Valley Presbytery 1,076 89 Knoxville, Ohio, Cong. ... 10 00 00 Big Spring Presbytery... 11 00 J. M. Hamilton ...... 10 Boston Presbytery ...... A . C. Jam ison ...... 10 00 6 00 Mrs. Elizabeth Frazer and Brookville Presbytery ... 5 00 Miss Lizzie J. Frazer.. 10 00 Chartiers Presbytery ___ 1,090 07 00 Delaware Presbytery ___ 10 80 T. P. Wilson ...... 10 Hudson Presbytery ...... S. W . B oyd ...... 10 00 2 1 00 Robert Westbrook ...... 10 00 Illinois Southern Presby 00 tery ...... 33 80 Mrs. Mary McKinley ----- 10 Indiana Presbytery ...... Mrs. Blanche D. Nicoll.. 8 50 7 00 7 50 Los Angeles Presbytery.. 7 00 Miss Jennie H. P oole ----- Monmouth Presbytery .. 4 00 In Memory of Mrs. Mary Philadelphia Presbytery . 25 00 J. H ess ...... 7 50 Miss Ella Hess ...... 7 50 $2,743 31 Elizabeth J. Bayha ...... 7 00 A Friend, Atwood, Pa. .. 5 06 BEQUESTS. Individual, Pitzer, la ...... 5 00 Mrs. *r. j M artin...... 5 00 Estate of Hanna William­ Rev. W . W . no.*-», d .d . son, deceased ...... $507 50 M em orial ...... 5 00 Estate of Henry Wallace, F rank J. M c F a t e ...... 5 00 LL.D., deceased ...... 1,000 00 Mrs. W. W. D ick ...... on Estate of W. I. Work, de­ Mrs. Eleanor Jamieson — 5 00 ceased ...... 4 35 W. McKinley ...... 5 00 Estate pf w. J. Neel, de­ Mrs. W. F. Graham ...... 5 00 ceased, Trustees Individual, Monmouth General Asseim>u, 5 740 00 Presbtyery ...... 5 00 Estate of Wm. Smith" '¿.11 Mrs. C. F. M enninger----- 5 00 ceased ...... ^S7 50 Mrs. W. H. Thompson... 5 00 Estate of Ross, Interest... 6 00 5 00 Estate of Mr. and Mrs. John C. Hunter ...... David McKee, deceased. 100 00 Eva Miller ...... 5 00 5 00 Estate of Jane Maria J. W . D avis ...... Craig, deceased, Income 10 00 Yorba Linda, Calif., Cong 5 00 Estate of Elizabeth E. Miss Mary Brownlee . 4 50 White, deceased, Income 3(3 00 Anna D. McClung ------3 00 Estate of Addie McGrana- Miss Lyda F. Lantz...... 2 50 han, deceased ...... 1,000 00 A Friend, Hough’s Neck Estate of James Polk Mc­ M ass...... 2 00 Kinney, deceased ...... 500 00 Karl A. M ueller ...... 2 00 Estate of Wm. Dickey, de­ J. W. Dickey, Interest... 1 75 ceased ...... 1,690 80 Rev. Ralph E. Ayers, Re Estate of Sarah Ann Rea, fund ...... 1 04 deceased ...... 619 61 Cash ...... 1 00 Estate of Mrs. Annie E. Charles C. K yle ...... 1 00 Thompson, deceased ... 475 00 Anonymous, Pittsburgh . 74 Estate of S. M. Ralston, Legal Expense Refund ... 50 deceased ...... 24 50 Estate of Jessie E. Craig, $12,820 19 deceased, Income ...... 3 00 276 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

Estate of R. M. Patterson, NEW MISSIONARIES FUND, deceased ...... 476 25 1911-1912. Estate of Robert L. Sterl­ B ogle B ros...... $1,200 00 ing-, deceased ...... 651 37 Shadvside, Pittsburgh, Pa., Estate of Jas. S. Warden, Cong...... 1,038 00 deceased, Income ...... 14 25 First, Des Moines, la., Estate of J. D. Williams, Cong...... 80S 7S deceased, per Trustees Mrs. Margaret Junk Mc­ General Assembly ...... 2-80 00 D owell ...... 750 00 E state o f Charlotte C. Mrs. Ruth Junk Campbell. 750 00 Billings, deceased, per Y. P. C. U., Butler Presby­ Trustees General Assem­ tery ...... 492 40 bly ...... 378 36 Estate of John K. Farjs, *5.034 19 deceased ...... 4.500 00 NEW MISSIONARIES. g Estate of Eliz. McCorkle, © O deceased ...... 642 05 College Springs, la.. Cong. 00 Estate of Samuel H. Moore, College Springs, la., Y. P. deceased ...... 47 50 C. U ...... 235 10 Estate of Clara W. Harris, Norris Square, Phila., S. deceased ...... 1,700 00 S...... 200 00 Estate of Melinda Ford, Sewickley, Pa.. Cong...... 163 25 rlooPS) ca d 500 00 East Greenwich, N. Y.. C. Estate of Sarah' M.''Snod­ U ...... 155 00 grass, deceased ...... 100 00 Cambridge, N. Y.. C. U... 120 00 Estate of Catherine Mc­ HebroVi, N. Y., C. U ...... 120 00 Laren, deceased ...... 250 00 Putnam , N. Y.. C. U ..‘ ___ 100 00 Coila, N. Y., Cong...... 76 00 $21,488 04 Tarkio, Mo., C. U ...... 50 00 Salem, N. Y „ C. U ...... 50 00 LADIES’ MISSIONARY SOCIETIES. Shushan, N. Y., C. U ...... 44 00 South Argyle, N. Y., Cong. 40 00 Seventh, Phila., Pa ...... $100 00 Clearfield, la., C. U ...... 35 01 Seventh, Phila., Pa., Dor­ Argyle, N. Y., C. U ...... 31 25 cas Teas, Y. L. M. S... 50 00 Clarinda. Ia., C. U ...... 20 00 Individual, Albion, Ia...... 16 05 $150 00 Shannon City, Ia., C. U... 12 50 Elmwood, Ia., Cong...... 9 00 NON-RETRENCHMENT FUND. Newton, Ia., S. S...... 5 35 Mrs. J. G. Bull ...... $5 00 $2,382 51 S-O-S FUND. N E W M ISSIONARIES, 1918-1919. Santa Ana, Calif., Cong... $25 00 First, Washington, la., Mrs. E. J. Dines Baxter 10 00 C ong...... $1,384 25 Mary Y. Wilson ...... 10 00 Waterloo, la., Cong . 1,075 05 Mrs. Robt. Burneson .... 10 00 A Friend, Greensboro, V 't.. 1,000 00 Mrs. J. P. M atthews ...... 10 00 W. P. Fraser ...... 750 00 Martha L. Berry ...... 10 00 Second, Xenia, Ohio, Cong. 200 00 John B. Kerr ...... 10 00 Rev. and Mrs. S. R. Mc­ L ydia S. M cCague ...... 5 00 Laughlin ...... 116 70 Miss Agnes E. Murray.... 5 00 Mrs. Sarah Gle^** ...... 100 00 Katherine L. Terry ...... 4 00 Mrs W. w. Sanders ...... 36 00 Mrs. Cyrus Hoover .... 2 50 Rev. rcenneth MacKenzie Oscar Baker ...... 2 00 rcefund ...... 3 67 Cash ...... 1 no Miss Lena M. Matthews.. r 00 $4,665 67 $105 50 GUJRANWALA SCHOOL, INDIA. Individual, Harmony Cong., to*. T. A. LAMBIE FUND. Harrisville, Pa...... $25 00 W P. Fraser ...... $1,000 00 Primary Dept., Homewood Y. P. C. U., Second, New S. S., Pittsburgh, P a ... 12 00 York, N. Y ...... 68 00 $37 00 $1,068 00 MARTINPUR SCHOOL, INDIA. PROF. CHARLES S. BELL FUND. Brotherhood Bible Class, Ingram, Pa. $75 00 St. Clair, Pa,, Cong...... $107 50 Y. P. S., Knoxville, Ohio.. 10 00 W. M. S., Allegheny Pres­ bytery ...... 100 00 $85 00 Mrs. Caw’s Class, Eighth, Allegheny, Pa ...... 56 25 ANNUITY INTEREST. Bellevue, Pa., S. S...... 50 00 Mortgage Interest, Undes­ Miss Sarah J. Anderson... 25 00 ignated ...... $3,555 23 Mrs. Charles E. Dinkey.. 25 00 Corn Exchange National Y. P. C. U., Bellevue, Pa. 12 50 Bank ...... 766 23 Individual, St. Clair, Pa., Central Trust and Savings C ong...... 5 00 Com pany ...... 80 86 $381 25 $4,402 32 Detailed Statement of Treasurer 277

IN T E R E ST . W O M E N ’ S BOARD. 1918. Central Trust and Savings June 7 ...... $9,234 85 Com pany ...... $701 49 July 6 ...... 9,776 50 Second National Bank ... 295 50 July 9 ...... 203 54 Fidelity Trust Company .. 76 41 July 19 ...... 463 49 A ugust 3 ...... 9,682 91 $1,073 40 August 6 ...... 186 00 A ugust 19 ...... 3,000 00 September 6 ...... 8,176 46 ANNUITY FUND, PRINCIPAL. September 7 ...... 157 00 O ctober * ...... 3 33 D. R. Hutchison ...... $700 00 October 14 ...... 10,195 85 John C. W allace ...... 2,000 00 November 9 ...... 14,509 31 W. W. and Elizabeth Don­ November 27 ...... 45 00 aldson ...... 1,000 00 November 30 ...... 287 00 Rev. W. H. McCreery 1,000 00 December 6 ...... '8,005 00 Mrs. S. M. Jaggers ...... 200 00 December 9 ...... 1 46 Mr. and Mrs. A. M. Nickle 1,600 00 December 10 ...... 1,920 00 Mrs. M ary C. F eg a n 3,000 00 1919. Mrs. Mary Stewart Camp­ January 7 ...... 2 50 bell ...... 2,000 00 January 10 ...... 14,789 30 Mrs. Dora J. K err ...... 3,500 00 January 11 ...... 418 00 Robert Edeburn ...... 100 00 January 14 ...... 135 00 Miss Catherine B. Mason 200 00 February 7 ...... 9,917 50 Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Dougal 1,000 00 February 10 ...... 262 00 Rev. Dr. and Mrs. H. F. M arch 8 ...... 5,679 75 W allace ...... 1,000 00 March 10 ...... 3,«00 00 Miss M ary J. Brow n ...... 161 06 A pril 9 ...... 3,395 16 Mrs. Mary Rodgers Cun­ A pril 11 ...... 7,200 00 ningham ...... 300 00 April 22 ...... 549 85 $17,761 06 $121,996 76

J. S. AN D JEN N IE GORM LT ASSIUT COLLEGE. ADAIR MEMORIAL PRINCIPAL. Miss Christine Arbuckle .. $2,000 00 Estate Rev. Henry Wal­ 1918. lace, L L .D ...... 300 00 September 14 ...... $56 14 Canonsburg, Pa., S. S., 1919. Primary Dept...... 70 00 M arch 17 ...... 2,520 16 Canonsburg, Pa., S. S 35 00 $2,576 30 $2,405 00

MR. AND MRS. GEORGE S. BRUSH GIRLS’ COLLEGE, CAIRO. ENDOWMENT PRINCIPAL. Miss Mary L. Kennedy .. $1,000 00 1918. W . S. George ...... 500 00 July 26 ...... $30 00 Rev. J. H. Sankey ...... 500 00 Mrs. Peter McCornaclc . .. 200 00 A Friend ...... 100 00 Mrs. H. A. Neeb ...... 50 00 MERLE HENRY MEMORIAL Christian Association, W el­ PRINCIPAL. lesley College ...... 25 00 Mrs. Ada Reber ...... 25 00 Dr. and Mrs. L . M. H enry $1,000 00 W . M. S., W estern College 25 00 Miss Frances E. Wallace.. 20 00 Miss Lillian V. Mueller... 20 00 $2,465 00 MRS. FRANCES CURRY THOMAS MEMORIAL PRINCIPAL. JOHN S. F O W L E R ORPH AN AG E, Mrs. Sarah E. C. W ils o n .. $1,000 00 CAIRO. Miss Annie D. Kyle ...... $250 00 Interest ...... 73 00 Y. P. C. U., Indiana N orth­ MARVIN THOMPSON MEMORIAL ern Presbytery ...... 53 50 PRINCIPAL. Dr. Anna B. Watson 40 00 F red C. M acM illan...... 25 00 Fam ily, per Miss S. E. Primary Dept., St. Clair Saw yer ...... $500 00 S. S., Pittsburgh, P a ... 10 00 Mrs. Richard Chalfant.... 10 00 $461 50 MISS IDA WOODS ENDOWMENT ALLEGHENY NILE BOAT. PRINCIPAL. Intermediate C. E. S., Nor­ Miss Ida Woods ...... $1,000 00 ris Square, Phila...... $25 00 278 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

SYRIAN, ARMENIAN AND PALES­ Mrs. H . C. E w ing ...... 50 00 TINE RELIEF. Miss Lola Asker ...... 50 00 Fred C. M acM illan...... 50 00 Sunday School Times ___ $4,600 93 First, Mansfield, Ohio, S. Eleanor R. Gibb ...... 100 00 S ...... 50 00 Miss Mary Erwin ...... 50 00 Miss Anna A. Given 50 00 Geo. B. Sims ...... 40 00 Second, New York, N. Y., De Lancey, N. Y., Cong... 33 00 Cong...... 50 00 Red Oak, Ia., Cong...... 2fi 54 James H. Jones ...... 50 00 Mrs. Eva N. Noble ...... 25 00 Y. W. M. S., Fort Morgan, Miss M. Henrietta Cowden 23 50 Colo...... 50 00 Pleasant Lawn, Ia., Cong.. 15 25 Rev. John Giften, D.D.... 48 00 Lois and Eunice Bible Mrs. Arthur M. Dewing .. 45 00 Class, Eighth Church, Mrs. Frances E. Draper... 45 00 Pittsburgh, Pa ...... 14 00 L. M. S., Seventh, Phila­ So. Ryegate, Vt., Cong 12 00 delphia ...... 39 07 John A . Stew art’ s S. S. Dr. and Mrs. W. C. Ram- Class, Seventh, Phila 10 00 aley ...... 35 00 Tingley, Ia., Cong...... 8 23 Dorcas Teas Society, Sev­ Mrs. W. H. Dick ...... 5 00 enth, Phila...... 30 93 David Cruikshank ...... 5 00 Mrs. Nancy M. Bechtol... 30 00 Joella F. Gowdy ...... 5 00 Y. P. C. U., Piqua, Ohio.. 30 00 Jennie E. Gilmore ...... 5 00 Mrs. R. B. Vincent 30 00 New Kingston, N. Y., Mrs. F. H. Holmes ...... 28 00 C ong...... 5 00 Paul A. Ferrier ...... 26 00 W. McKinley ...... 3 00 Miss Charlotte J. Sanford 25 00 R ed Oak, Ia., S. S...... 2 81 Central, Omaha, Nebr., S. S...... 25 00 $4,989 26 Miss Margaret A. Bell 25 00 Michel George ...... 25 00 Jr. Missionary Society, ERICSSON FUND, EGYPT. First, Indiana, Pa 25 00 J. D. M ason ...... 25 00 Sunday School Times $356 13 Miss Ida Woods ...... 25 00 Individuals, Harmony '1 - ! ■ Cong., Harrisville, Pa. .. 25 00 M iss S. Bell S m ith...... 25 00 Miss Bess Laing ...... 20 00 SPECIALS TO EGYPT. Sunshine Class, Hopewell Mrs. Edna B. Parr ...... $1,500 00 Cong., Beloit, Kans 20 00 W. H. Finney ...... 800 00 Miss Emma Schneider 20 00 Friends, per Miss Carrie Y. W. C. A., Monmouth M. B uchanan ...... 435 00 College ...... 20 00 Los Angeles Presbytery, Charles Corette ...... 15.75 Beaumont Cong...... 360 00 Miss Elizabeth Irwin ...... 15 00 Mrs. Nettie W. Martin... 200 00 Mrs. Margaret L. Thomp­ Men’s Missionary League, son ...... 15 00 Columbus, Ohio ...... 167 19 John A. Stewart’s Class, Miss Carrie M. Buchanan 125 00 Seventh, Phila...... 15 00 American Board of Com­ Three Classes, Second, missioners for Foreign Butler, P a ...... 15 00 M issions ...... 125 00 M onm outh, Calif., S. S., Sixth, Chicago, 111., S. S.. 120 00 Senior Dept...... 13 04 S. S. Classes, Sterling, Miss L ou M. F ra zier...... 12 00 K an s...... 118 30 Mrs. J. A. R oy ...... 10 00 J. W . Newlin ...... 100 00 Sunday School Times 10 00 Miss Ella B. Downie 100 00 Mrs. C. W . Jackson ...... 10 00 Y. P. C. U., Eighth, Pitts­ Edwin F. Wendt ...... 10 00 burgh ...... 9200 Hanna P. McDonald’s Second Mile Class, St. Class, Ellwood City, Pa. 10 00 Clair S. S., Pittsburgh, Economy Cong., Ambridge, P a...... 87 90 P a ...... 10 00 Hon. Wm. J. Bryan ...... 80 00 Elizabeth M. Hamilton.... 10 00 Women’s Missionary Mag­ Alerta Chapter, Westmin­ azine ...... 75 00 ster Guild. Calvary Pres­ Y. W. M. S., First, Steub­ byterian Church, River­ enville, Ohio ...... 75 00 side, Calif...... 8 00 John Whiteside ...... 75 00 Mrs. E. E. Alexander 7 00 Presbyterian S. S., Globe, A riz...... Mrs. 7000 Clara Campbell Davis 5 00 Ernest W. Oberg ...... 60 00 Mrs. Stewart Mitchell, Glenn S. Gilm ore ...... 60 00 Sr.’s, S. S. Class, S ev­ Dr. and Mrs. A. A. Shaw- enth, Phila...... 5 00 key ...... 60 00 Miss Annie Pross ...... 5 00 Women’s Bible Class, Fort Miss Helen Wolcott, Re­ Morgan, Colo...... 56 55 fund ...... 5 00 Miss Emma Shontz ...... 50 00 Miss .Nellie C. Smith 3 40 Mr. and Mrs. Fred L. Todd 50 00 Y. P. C. U., Mt. Washing­ Anna B. Henry ...... 50 00 ton, Pittsburgh, Pa 2 00 Mrs. Sarah M. W ood ...... 50 00 Miss Elizabeth Cooper .... 2 00 Dinah Smith Fund, Second, Phila., P a ...... 50 00 $6,497 13 Detailed Statement of Treasurer 279

MISCELLANEOUS. Miss Anna Fulton ...... 50 00 Cunard Steamship Co., Dr. and Mrs. Clarence E. Special to E gypt ...... $73 72 Apple ...... 50 00 Alfred Putnam, Special to Mrs. Jennie E. Q uay ...... 50 00 E g y p t ...... 29 10 First, Wheeling, W. Va., National . Cloak and Suit S'S 50 00 Co., Special to Egypt... 20 69 W . J. Cherry ...... 50 00 Ladies’ Home Journal, N orth Hill S. S., Akron, Special to Egypt ...... 4 50 Ohio ...... 50 00 Bible School, Calcutta, E. Liverpool, Ohio ...... 50 00 $128 01. Third, Washington, Pa., SPECIALS TO INDIA. C ong...... 50 00 T. P. C. U., Goldfield, la... 50 00 John G. Pew ...... $1,025 00 T . P. S. C., First, Seattle, Rev. W. T. Anderson, D.D. 464 24 W ash ...... 50 00 J. B. Sutherland...... 300 00 N. I. B ...... 50 00 First, Oakm ont, Pa., S. S. 275 00 . Golden Rule Class, New Estate Sarah Wallace, de- Concord, Ohio ...... 50 00 ceased ...... 233 3S Mary McCalmont ...... 50 00 Mrs. Martha E. Nelson.. 208 00 Samuel Reid ...... 50 00 Hope Bible Class, Second, Mrs. J. Alvin Campbell... 50 00 M ercer, P a ...... 201 00 Mrs. L. C. M organ and O. S. Johnston ...... 200 00 daughter ...... 50 00 Mrs. Mary N. Degelman.. 180 00 W m . M. D oig ...... 45 00 Janet M. Lambie ...... 180 00 Frankfort S. S., Hooks- Fred C. M acM illan...... 162 00 tow n, P a...... 43 00 Miss Josephine Gladden .. 160 00 Progressive Class, Hope- Delaware Presbytery, New well, Beloit, Kans...... 40 00 Kingston Cong...... 150 00 Jeannette McFarland ___ 40 00 Delaware Presbytery, Y. P. C. U., Herron Hill, North Kortright, Conn.. 150 00 P a...... 35 00 Mr. and Mrs. James A. Samuel Torrence and T. Donnan ...... 150 00 G. P eacock ...... 35 00 Sharon, Pa., S. S...... 125 00 S. S. Class, Oak Park, Mrs. Mary Milford Mont- Phila...... 35 00 gom ery ...... 125 00 W. M. S., Calcutta Church, Bellefontaine, Ohio, Cong..- 115 63 East Liverpool, Ohio ... 35 00 Mrs. Eliza Calhoun Carle- Mr. and Mrs. W. M. Mac- ton ...... 100 50 Bride ...... 32 50 Canonsburg, Pa., S. S...... 100 00 Women’s Missionary Mag­ R. B. Taggart ...... 100 00 azine ...... 31 00 Berean Class, First, Mon- Elizabeth Class, Venice, m outh, 111...... 100 00 P a ...... 31 00 Fort Morgan, Colo., Cong.. 100 00 Mr. and Mrs. R. A. Ache- Y. P. C. U., W isconsin son ...... 100 00 Presbytery ...... 30 00 Mr. and Mrs. E. E. Leeper 100 00 Class of Little Girls, First, Mrs. Sarah J. M cK ee...... 100 00 Allegheny, Pa ...... 30 00 Johri D. McKee ...... 100 00 Mrs. Blanche D. Nicoll... 30 00 Mr. and Mrs. A. J. Boyle. 100 00 Mrs. Ada Reber ...... 30 00 Native Evangelist League 90 00 W interset, la., S. S...... 30 00 Tarkio, Mo., S. S ...... 86 02 Y. P. C. U., W ooster, Ohio 30 00 Jas. W . G rove’s S. S. Class 84 60 Y. W . M. S., A insw orth Ellwood City, Pa., S. S... 78 00 and Second, Washington, Miss S. Gertrude Quigley 74 00 la ...... 30 00 Miss Mollie Kehler and J. M. M orris ...... 30 00 Scholars ...... 65 20 First Church, Quincy, Greeley, Colo., Cong...... 65 00 M ass...... 28 00 Jr. Dept, and Men’s Bible Class No. 3, Greensburg, Class. Oak Park. Phila. 65 00 P a...... 26 25 Mrs. Walker’s Class, Ains- Third, Spokane, Wash., worth. Ia...... 63 00 Primary Dept...... 26 00 Adult Bible Class. West Mrs. Laura Wylie’s Class, N ewton, P a ...... 61 00 First, Steubenville, Ohio 25 25 Connellsville, Pa., S. S... 60 00 Helen and F. Grace Web­ Queen Esther Circle, First, ster ...... 25 10 Chicago, 111...... 60 00 Class No. 12, Latrobe, Pa. 25 00 A Friend, New Concord, Mrs. Alice Lewis ...... 25 00 Ohio ...... 55 00 Y. P. C. U., Shushan, N. Horse Creek, Shelton and 25 00 Camp Creek Cong.’ s, Class of Girls, Connells- T enn...... 54 70 ville, P a...... 25 00 W. M. S., Arkansas Valley Mrs. R. M. K nox ...... 25 00 Presbytery ...... 53 00 Y. P. C. U., Florida, N. Y. 25 00 John McCrory ...... 50 00 Miss Ida Woods ...... 25 00 Gleaners’ Class, First, Y. P. C. U., First, Pitts­ Wichita, Kans...... 50 00 burgh, P a ...... 25 00 First, Mansfield, Ohio, S. Mr. and Mrs. R. H. Bow­ S. ,7 ...... 50 00 man ...... 25 00 Miss Emma Shontz ...... 50 00 C. E. S., First, Kansas Ethel Wilson ...... 50 00 1 City, M o...... 25 00 280 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

Mr. and Mrs. James M. Emma Dean Anderson Bi­ Montgomery ...... 25 00 ble Class, Bethel Church, Hope Chapel, Jersey City, Irwin, P a ...... 4 00 N. J ...... 25 00 Sabbath Class, Cincinnati, Miss Isabella Gillis...... 25 00 Ohio ...... 3 50 Emma Dean Anderson Mrs. E. J. Edw ards ...... 3 00 Class, First, Mansfield, Ohio ...... 25 00 $9,275 37 Mrs. Laura Wylie and Miss Ida Carothers ...... 25 00 Y. P. C. U., First, Phila., INDIA PERMANENT EQUIPMENT P a...... 25 00 FUND. Y. P. C. U., West Alex­ ander, P a ...... 25 00 A. N. Fraser, Secy $660 00 Miss Margaret McClellan.. 25 00 Mrs. Fleck ...... 25 00 United Presbyterian Board MILTON STEWART EVANGEL­ of Publication ...... 25 00 ISTIC FUND. Y. P. C. U., Turtle Creek, 1918. P a ...... 24 50 October 15 ...... $8,307 00 S. S. and Juniors, K im - November 19 ...... 6,693 00 bolton, Ohio ...... 24 00 1919. Friends, per Mrs. Amanda M arch 22 ...... 15,000 00 Patterson ...... 20 00 Mrs. Geo. McCormick 20 00 $30,000 00 Elizabeth Ashton ...... 20 00- Mrs. Julia Cunningham ... 20 00 Y. W. C. A., Monmouth ESTATE OF WM. REED, College ...... 20 00 DECEASED. Miss Margaret McCullough 20 00 191-8. San Diego, Calif., Birth­ M ay 24 ...... $251 38 day Offering ...... 20 00 W. M. S., Fall River, Mass. 16 00 Mulberry, Mo., Cong, and S. S. Juniors ...... 15 00 INDIA FAMINE RELIEF. Mrs. Frances C. Allison... 15 00 Mrs. N. Reed ...... $10 00 Summerset, la., Cong 15 00 Y. P. C. U., Second, Mon­ m outh, 111...... 15 00 Y. W. M. S., First, Steub­ SPECIALS TO SUDAN. enville, Ohio ...... 15 00 Co-Workers’ Bible Class, Dr. C. E. Wilkerson, Re­ Riverside, Calif...... 12 00 fund ...... $120 00 Mrs. Nora Anderson Fails 12 00 J. E. Nelson ...... 100 00 Juniors, Pawnee, Nebr. ... 11 00 Students, Xenia Theologi­ Mary Graham ...... 10 00 cal Seminarv ...... 50 00 Y . P. C. U. Convention, Y. P. S., Shushan, N. Y.t 50 00 Norwood, 111...... 10 00 Lela D. Green ...... 50 00 Mrs. A. B. Brownlee ...... 10 00 Women’s Missionary Mag­ Mrs. A. L. Dickson ...... 10 00 azine ...... 40 00 Dorothy Elizabeth Weiss . 10 00 Y. P. C. U„ Knoxville Col­ Mrs. Shenkel’s Class, East lege ...... 35 00 Liverpool, Ohio ...... 10 00 Rev. Elbert L. McCreery.. 26 00 H ill Top, A rk., S. S 10 00 Miss Ida Woods ...... 25 00 Jr. Boys’ Class, Liberty, O. 10 00 Individual, H a rm o n y Y. P. S. C. E., Pilgrim Cong., Harrisville, Pa. .. 25 00 Church, Dorchester, Y. W. M. Guild, First, W il- Mass...... 10 00 kinsburg, Pa ...... 25 00 Christian Culture Class, E llw ood City, Pa., S. S. .. 12 00 Connellsville, Pa...... 10 00 Mrs. W. W. Sanders ...... 10 00 Mrs. J. D. M cLean ...... 10 00 M onm outh, Calif., S. S., Mrs. E. E. Cleland ...... 10 00 Elimentary Dept...... 7 14 Miss Lizzie J. Frazer ------10 00 Miss Josephine Gladden .. 5 00 Mrs. Grace Ferrier Ander­ Intermediate Society, son ...... 10 00 Knoxville College ...... 3 00 Miss Lois M. Buchanan... 9 00 Class No. 6, First, S. S., Cong, and S. S., Utica. Pa. 9 00 H oboken. N. J...... 2 50 C; E. S., Salinas, Calif- .. 5 00 Little W ork ers’ S. S. Class, Class of Girls, Utica, Pa.. 5 00 New California, Ohio ... 1 50 M. L. Bonner ...... 5 00 Class No. 2, Hampton S. $587 14 S., Gibsonia, Pa ...... 5 00 Fhilathea Class, Stanwood, la ...... 5 00 MISCELLANEOUS. Mrs. Albert Heidelbaugh.. 5 00 Young Ladies’ Circle, Yor- Montgomery, Ward & Co., ba Linda, Calif...... 5 00 Special to Sudan ...... $103 89 Geo. H. Bowen ...... 5 00 E. W. Johnson, Special to Mrs. Susan McBurney ... 5 00 Sudan ...... 51 Berean Class, Second, Monmouth, 111...... 5 00 $104 40 Detailed Statement of Treasurer 281

SUp,AN B O YS’ HOME. EDUCATIONAL SECRETARY’S Friends of Missions ...... $2,000 00 SALARY ACCOUNT. Robert Patrick, In Memory of Daughter, Mrs. Jen­ Walter P. Fraser ...... $500 00 nie Bell Anderson ...... 200 00 F red C. MacMillan ...... 500 00 Mrs. S. J. M itchell ...... 100 00 Geo. C. Shane ...... 350 00 Daniel Giffen ...... 100'00 Mrs. Nannie M. Knobloch 100 00 $1,350 00 Rev. and Mrs. A. L. God­ frey ...... 50 00 BOYS’ SCHOOL, SUDAN. Mrs. W . S. D avis ...... 50 00 Mrs. J. G. Bull $5 00 J. G. Patterson ...... 50 00 Mrs. E. J. Dines Baxter.. 50 00 ABYSSINIAN EXPEDITION Mrs. Robert Roulston .... 50 00 FUND. Mrs. J. A. T hom pson ___ 50 00 Iberia, Ohio., Cong...... 50 00 Dr. C. E. Apple ...... $40 00 Norma Wright ...... 50 00 A Friend of the Work ... 50 00 ANGLO-FRENCH BONDS, C. U., First, Mercer, Pa.. 50 00 INCOME. Friend per Rev. J. H. 1919. W hite, D .D ...... 50 00 April 30 ...... $250 00 East Greenwich, N, Y., S. S...... 45 00 CONVOCATION ACCOUNT. A Friend of Missions ...! 42 00 Walter P. Fraser ...... $333 33 S. P, Junk ...... 25 00 Rev. and Mrs. S. W . FORWARD MOVEMENT. W oodburn ...... 25 00 Mrs. Effie C. Russell 25 00 Individual, St. Clair Cong. $78 00 John S. E rskine ...... 20 00 Y. P. C. U., Paterson, N. J. 20 00 FOWLER, CALIF., SABBATH Berean Class, Second, SCHOOL SPECIAL. Monmouth, 111...... 15 00 1919. Clay City, Ky., Cong 15 00 April 19 ...... $80 02 Pawnee City, Nebr., Cong. 10 00 Mrs. M. H. Heade ...... 10 00 LADIES’ MISSIONARY SOCIETY W . M. S., K iskim inetas ACCOUNT WOMEN’S BOARD. Presbytery ...... 10 00 A Friend, First, Washing­ Big Spring Presbytery ... $18 00 ton, P a ...... 10 00 Ladies’ Bible Class, Wil- RAWAL PINDI INDIA CHURCH merding, Pa ...... 10 00 BELL. W. M. S., Garnett Presby­ B. Samuel ...... $70 51 tery ...... 10 00 Rev. and Mrs. W. J. Adair 10 00 MATURED ANNUITY DONATION. Mrs. W. B. Boies ...... 10 00 W . M. S., M uskingum Mrs. Elizabeth M cCracken $2,000 00 Presbytery ...... 9 00 W . M. S., Prosser, W ash. 5 00 SEMI-CENTENNIAL FUND. Boys’ Class, Second, Phila., West Penn Railroad Gold P a...... 5 00 Bonds Income '...... $100 00 Jennie E. Gilmore ...... 5 00 Jr. C. E. S., Beaum ont, C alif...... 5 00 THE WILKINSBURG FUND. Four Mile Cong., Beaver, A Member of Wilkinsburg, P a...... 5 00 Pa., Congregation ...... $125 00 Interm ediate C. E. S., Beaumont, Calif...... 4 00 EGYPTIAN TRUST FUND INCOME. Mrs. Augustus Hugo .... 3 00 1918. Little Workers’ Class, New M ay 8 ...... $9 00 California, Ohio ...... 1 50 June 5 ...... 10 13 June 15 4 50 $3,404 50 July 8 ...... 21 00 SUDAN FUND. September 6 ...... 4 50 Men’s Association, Sixth, September 10 8 50 Pittsburgh, Pa ...... $2,800 00 October 19 ...... 21 00 A Friend of Missions ___ 15 00 December 5 ...... i0 1« December 10 ...... 4 50 $2,815 00 1919- ™ January 7 ...... 21 00 REV. W. T. ANDERSON, D.D., M arch 21 ...... 4 50 AUTOMOBILE ACCOUNT. Fred O. Shane ...... $100 00 A pril 3 ...... 21 09 $139 76 ESTATE OF WILLIAM WHITING BORDEN, DECEASED. 1918. MATTHEW NICKLE MEMORIAL June 24 ...... $350 00 FUND INCOME. December 17 ...... 350 00 1918. 1919. M ay 11 ...... $39 00 M arch 21 ...... 277 78 November 4 ...... 39 00 $977 78 $78 00 282 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

MATTHEW NICKLE MEMORIAL ARCHIBALD LENDRUM FUND FUND IN TRUST INCOME. INCOME. 1918. 1918. M ay 11 ...... $51 00 July 8 ...... $39 00 November 4 ...... 51 00 July 26 ...... 153 00 A ugust 5 ...... 60 80 $102 00 A ugust 13 ...... 8 10 A ugust 30 ...... 1 30 REV. JOHN B. DALES, D.D., September 23 ...... 33 00 O ctober 8 ...... 63 00 SEMI-CENTENNIAL FUND October 19 ...... 30 00 INCOME. October 21 ...... 18 18 1918. December 16 ...... 7 07 June 15 ...... $75 00 1919. September 6 ...... 75 00 January 7 ...... 37 05 D ecem ber 10 ...... 75 00 January 22 ...... 6 00 1919. January 30 ...... 8 10 M arch 21 ...... 75 00 February 3 ...... 143 65 February 11 - ...... 32 26 $300 00 M arch 7 ...... 9 75 M arch 17 ...... 27 74 WALLACE KIDD MEMORIAL M arch 24 ...... 91 20 A pril 3 ...... 30 00 FUND INCOME. April 7 ...... 11 40 1918. June 21 ...... $30 00 $810 60 December 16 ...... 30 00 1919. L. AND M. E. A. FUND INCOME. February 1 ...... 9 0 0 1918. June 24 ...... $30 00 $69 00 PRESSLY MEMORIAL FUND MRS. ELIZA J, DALES MEMORIAL INCOME. FUND INCOME. 1918. 1918. June 15 ...... $34 04 October 21 ...... $4 75 A ugust 19 ...... 90 75 November 12 ...... 21 09 September 6 ...... 34 04 December 16 ...... 5 42 O ctober 8 ...... 20 25 1919. October 21 ...... 15 80 January 21 ...... 20 77 December 10 ...... 34 04 January 22 ...... 3 66 December 16 ...... 18 06 1919. $55 69 January 22 ...... 12 20 February 18 ...... 90 75 M arch 21 ...... 34 04 MR. AND MRS. GEO. S. BRUSH A pril 15 ...... 20 25 ENDOWMENT FUND INCOME. 1919. $404 22 February 26 ...... $28 50 STERRETT AND AGNES CUM­ SARAH A. SAWYER MEMORIAL MINS MEMORIAL FUND INCOME. FUND INCOME. 1918. 1918. June 5 ...... $4 05 July 8 ...... $75 00 A ugust 13 ...... 18 90 A ugust 5 ...... 52 50 September 10 ...... 3 40 O ctober 8 ...... 19 50 December 5 ...... 4 05 1919. 1919. January 7 ...... 71 25 January 30 ...... 18 90 February 3 ...... 52 BO M arch 7 ...... 18 75 $49 30 M arch 24 ...... 18 52 MARY L. PRATT FUND INCOME. $308 02 1918. July 18 ...... $9 00 GIBSON TRUST FUND INCOME. 1919. 1918. January 22 ...... 8 53 May 14 ...... $140 00 June 12 ...... 140 00 $17 53 July 17 ...... 140 00 August 19 ...... 140 00 CAMPBELL B. HERRON MEMOR­ September 18 ...... 140 00 IAL FUND INCOME. October 7 ...... 140 00 1918. November 18 ...... 140 00 July 8 ...... $78 00 December 16 ...... 140 00 A ugust 30 ...... 20 00 1919. November 1 2 ...... 18 00 January 15 ...... 140 00 1919. February 13 ...... -...... 140 00 January 7 ...... 60 00 March 12 140 00 January 22 ...... 19 00 April 18 ...... 140 00 A pril 30 ...... 128 10 $1,680 00 $323 10 Detailed Statement of Treasurer 283

SAMUEL KERR FUND INCOME. ELIZA CHRISTIE FUND INCOME. 1918. 1918. June 5 ...... $71 55 M ay 8 ...... $21 61 June 21 ...... 18 00 June 15 ...... 30 00 June 24 ...... 36 30 July 8 ...... 60 00 July 18 3 00 July 26 ...... 45 00 July 26 ...... 27 30 A ugust 5 ...... 8 39 A ugust 5 ...... 36 00 A ugust 19 ...... 15 00 September 10 ...... 60 06 September 6 ...... 30 00 September 14 ...... 3 00 N ovem ber 7 ...... 21 60 October 8 ...... 6 75 December 10 ...... 30 00 October 21 ...... 27 35 1919. November 4 ...... 12 90 January 14 ...... 57 00 December 5 ...... 71 55 February 3 ...... 7 96 December 16 ...... 20 12 February 26 ...... '42 75 2919. February 28 ...... 15 00 January 7 ...... 14 25 M arch 21 ...... 30 00 January 22 ...... 9 53 February 1 ...... 90 $414 31 February 3 ...... S 55 February 18 ...... 34 20 February 26 ...... 20 38 JOSEPH AND ELIZA BARR ME­ M arch 17 ...... 3 00 MORIAL FUND INCOME. A pril 7 ...... 14 25 1918. April 15 ...... 6 75 June 15 ...... $28 50 A pril 21 ...... 12 90 September 6 ...... 28 50 December 10 ...... 2® 50 $518 59 M arch 21 ...... 28 50 JAMES JUNK FUND INCOME. 1918. $114 00 June 21 ...... $12 00 June 24 ...... 12 00 JAMES AND AGNES SANKEY ME­ July 18 ...... 33 00 MORIAL FUND INCOME. October 19 ...... 30 00 1918. October 25 ...... 25 50 A ugust 19 ...... $30 00 December 16 ...... 12 00 1919. February1919- 11 ...... 28 50 January 22 ...... 31 35 February 1 ...... 3 60 $58 50 A pril 3 ...... 30 00 A pril 21 ...... 24 23 ROBERTSON MEMORIAL FUND $213 68 INCOME. 1918. MRS. JANE E. MACK MEMORIAL A ugust 5 ...... 00 FUND INCOME. 1919. 1918. February 18 ...... 14 25 N ovem ber 4 ...... $15 00 $29 25 1919. April 21 ...... 15 00 ELIZABETH ADAIR CURRIE $30 00 FUND INCOME. 1 Q18 ELLA JANE DYSART FUND July 26 5|3 00 INCOME. O ctober 8 ...... 27 00 1918. 1919- June 24 ...... $15 00 * February 11 ...... 17 74 M arch 17 ...... I f 26 JAMES S. McNARY FUND M arch 24 ...... 25 65 INCOME. $118 65 1918. June 24 ...... $26 70 July 8 ...... 36 00 REV. W. W. BARR, D.D., ME­ July 18 ...... 25 80 MORIAL FUND INCOME. A ugust 30 ...... 10 00 1918 November 12 ...... 36 00 O ctober 8 ...... $15 00 1919. I019- , January 22 ...... 34 02 M arch 24 ...... 14 25 A pril 30 ...... 64 05 $29 25 $232 57 MARGARET WILSON MEMORIAL MARY STERRITT MEMORIAL FUND INCOME. FUND INCOME. 1918. 1918. July 8 $30 00 M ay 8 ...... $14 29 1919. November 7 ...... 1430 January 14 28 50 $28 59 $58 50 284 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

CHARITY PROCTER MEMORIAL ROBERT WOOD LYNN MEMORIAL FUND INCOME. SCHOLARSHIP INCOME. 1918. 1918. June 21 ...... $28 50 July 8 ...... $30 00 1919* 1919. January 21 ...... 27 08 June 21 ...... 30 00 $55 58 $60 00 REV. JOHN M. ADAIR MEMORIAL ROBERT DWIGHT FOSTER ME­ FUND INCOME. MORIAL FUND INCOME. 1918. 1918. M ay 23 ...... $30 00 July 8 ...... $30 00 A ugust 12 ...... 54 00 1919. November 23 ...... 30 00 January 14 ...... 28 50 1919. February 3 ...... 54 00 $58 50 $168 00 THOM AS S. A N D M A R Y J. M c- CLANAHAN MEMORIAL NATHANIEL B. HAYDEN ME­ FUND INCOME. MORIAL FUND INCOME. 1918. 1918. M ay 11 ...... $30 00 November 4 ...... $57 60 N ovem ber 11 301919. 00 April 21 ...... 57 60 $60 00 $115 20 McCARRELL-MOORE FUND INCOME. ALEXANDER H. McARTHUR 1918. FUND INCOME. A ugust 12 ...... $27 00 1918. 1919. A ugust 30 ...... $30 00 February 3 ...... 27 00 1919. January 22 ...... 28 50 $54 00 $58 50 MRS. AGNES A. CLARK, JESSIE AND MARY CLARK MEMORIAL REV. JAMES PRICE, D.D., ME­ FUND INCOME. 1918. MORIAL FUNp INCOME. M ay 11 ...... $6 00 1918. October 19 ...... 9 00 A ugust 5 ...... $28 50 November 1 1 ...... 6 00 1919. 1919. January 27 ...... 4 15 April 3 9 00 February 3 ...... 28 50 February 26 ...... 36 $30 00 $61 51 KENNETH WILSON SMITH ME­ MORIAL FUND INCOME. JOHN BELL MEMORIAL FUND 1918. INCOME. November 12 ...... $6 85 1918. 1919. M ay 9 ...... $52 50 January 21 6 75 June 21 ...... 8 56 July 8 ...... 150 00 $13 60 July 18 ...... 12 00 July 26 ...... 109 58 A ugust 19 62 36 NELSON PRATT MEMORIAL September 14 99 00 September 23 12 00 FUND INCOME. O ctober 8 60 00 1918. October 21 ... 13 20 November 12 ...... $27 42 October 25 30 00 1919. November 11 19 80 January 21 ...... 27 00 December 16 . 150 00 December 17 . 52 50 $54 42 1919. January 14 .. 12 00 January 21 .. 12 00 ROBERT WOOD LYNN MEMORIAL February 3 . 97 58 BED INCOME. F ebruary 11 . 57 00 1918. February 28 . 2 36 July 8 ...... $30 00 M arch 17 ----- 97 05 1919. M arch 24 68 40 January 21 ...... 30 00 April 15 ...... 49 36 $60 00 $1,227 25 Detailed Statement of Treasurer 285

MARY BOYLE MEMORIAL FUND MRS. FRANCES M. URE MEMOR­ INCOME. IAL FUND INCOME. 1918. 1918. June 10 ...... $23 00 August 14 .. $240 00 June 27 ...... 69 00 1919. July 1 ...... 7 50 February 12 240 00 July 8 ...... 42 00 July 18 ...... I l l 00 $480 00 July 26 ...... 56 30 August 5 ...... 35 81 A ugust 12 ...... 81 00 JOHN AND ANN JANE CRAIG August 13 ...... 26 01 August 20 ...... 138 00 MEMORIAL FUND INCOME. September 10 ...... 50 00 September 14 ...... 11 16 1918. September 27 ...... 35 00 O ctober 8 $31 50 O ctober 4 ...... 16 90 1919. O ctober 8 ...... 3 00 M arch 24 29 93 October 15 ...... 75 00 October 21 ...... 22 .68 $61 43 November 11 ...... 19 69 November 26 ...... 136 35 December 16 ...... 25 92 MARTHA J. McGINNIS MEMORIAL December 18 ...... * 69 00 1919. FUND INCOME. January 7 ...... 41 10 January 14 ...... I l l 00 1918. January 21 ...... 3 14 August 30 . $9 75 January 22 ...... 17 50 1919. January 30 ...... 26 01 January 22 9 26 February 3 ...... 167 80 February 5 ...... 25 00 $19 01 March 17 ...... 11 16 M arch 19 ...... 50 00 M arch 20 ...... 75 00 EGYPTIAN THEOLOGICAL SEM­ M arch 24 ...... 2 85 INARY ENDOWMENT FUND $1,584 88 INCOME. 1918. June 15 ...... $150 00 PRESSI-. V f u n d IN T E R E ST . September 6 ...... 150 00 December 10 ...... 150 f>o ISIS. 1Q1Q June 15 ...... $72 88 M a r c h ai . . . 150September 00 6 ...... 72 88 December 10 ...... 72 88 $600 00 1919. M arch 21 ...... 72 88 $291 52 REV. DAVID M. URE, D.D. ME­ MORIAL FUND INCOME. ROBERT BRADEN MEMORIAL 1918. M ay 23 $28 50 FUND INCOME. June 10 ...... 40 50 1918. June 21 ...... 75 00 June 21 ...... $30 00 July 1 ...... 90 00 1919. July 15 ...... 43 75 January 7 ...... 28 50 July 26 ...... 44 86 A ugust 5 ...... 30 00 $58 50 A ugust 19 ...... 71 92 A ugust 30 ...... 105 00 O ctober 1 ...... 90 00 O ctober 4 ...... 29 31 ELLA M. FLOYD MEMORIAL October 15 ...... 43 75 FUND INCOME. October 21 ...... 50 00 1918. November 11 ...... 6 00 M ay 14 ...... $30 00 November 23 ...... 28 50 November 23 ...... 30 00 December 18 ...... 75 00 December 26 ...... 30 00 $60 00 1919. January 2 ...... 90 00 January 15 ...... 43 75 January 21 ...... 44 86 MARTHA B. WARDEN MEMORIAL January 27 ...... 100 00 FUND INCOME. February 26 ...... 30 00 1918. February 28 ...... 71 92 October 1 ...... $150 00 A pril 1 ...... 90 00 1919. A pril 15 ...... 43 75 A pril 1 ...... 150 00 286 Detailed Statement of Treasurer

MRS. MARTHA J. BROWN MEM­ BUSTA BEY KHAYAT MEMORIAL ORIAL FUND INCOME. FUND INCOME. 1918. 1918. O ctober 8 ...... $27 00 July 8 ...... $30 00 1919. 1919. April 8 ...... 2700 January 7 ...... 30 00 $54 00 $60 00 DAVID AND KATE JUNK FUND INCOME. 1919. SEVERANCE MEMORIAL FUND January 14 $210 00 INCOME. MRS. ALICE MILLER EBERBACH 1918. July 8 ...... $30 00 FUND INCOME. 1919. 1918. January 7 ...... 30 00 October 25 ...... $60 00 1919. Ai>ril 15 ...... 60 00 $60 00

$120 00 DOROTHY H. P. HUMPHERY J. S. AND JENNIE GORMLY ADAIR MEMORIAL FUND INCOME. MEMORIAL FUND INCOME. 1918. 191*. September 14 ...... $72 84 July 1 ...... $263 64 November 11 ...... 4 31 July 26 ...... 15 00 1919. September 3 ...... 150 00 M arch 24 ...... 72 84 O ctober 7 ...... 120 00 December 31 ...... 115 03 1919. $149 99 January 8 ...... 120 00 January 13 ...... 160 00 January 21 ...... 15 00 WASIF TEKLA MEMORIAL FUND January 27 ...... 91 24 February 26 ...... 7 87 INCOME. M arch 29 ...... 120 00 1918. September 14 ...... $30 00 $1,177 78 1919. M arch 24 ...... 30 00 CATHERINE M. W. FOSTER MEMORIAL FUND INCOME. $60 00 1918. M ay 23 ...... $67 50 November 4 ...... 4 50 November 23 ...... 67 50 INVESTMENTS AND LOANS. 1919. A pril 21 ...... 4 50 Matured Mortgages ...... $31,200 00 L oans ...... 2,310 00 $144 00 Sale of U. S. Liberty Loan B onds ...... 300 00 THOMAS AND ELIZABETH Mc- $33,810 00 CARRELL MEMORIAL FUND INCOME. 1918. July 8 ...... $30 00 Philadelphia, May 11th, 1919. 1919. January 7 ...... 30 00 To the Board of Foreign Missions of the United Presbyterian Church $60 00 of North America. MRS. ELIZABETH SPEER G entlem en: FAUGHT SCHOLARSHIP INCOME. I hereby certify that I have exam­ 1919. ined the accounts and vouchers of January 27 $18 64 Robert L. Latimer, Treasurer, for February 26 1 60 the year ending April 30th, 1919, and $20 24 find same correct. The cash balance, securities and AMEEN KHAYAT MEMORIAL investments have been verified by FUND INCOME. me, and I also certify same to be 1918. correct. July 8 ...... $30 00 1919. Respectfully submitted, January 7 ...... 30 00 JOHN A. STEWART, $60 00 A uditor. Receipts. 287 Receipts from 1859 to 1919. 1869 ...... $ 8,574 00 1899 Trust Funds, etc., . 13,052 50 1860 ...... 14,332 77 1900 Ordinary Sources, . 136,870 76 1861...... 21, “274 68 1900 Trust Funds, etc., . 35,365 46 1862 ...... 23,116 32 1901 Ordinary Sources, . 162,727 92 1863 ...... 25,888 35 1901 Trust Funds, etc , . 46,382 46 1864 ...... 37,880 37 1902 Ordinary Sources, . 148,212 29 1865 ...... 78,109 49 1902 Trust Funds, etc., . 38,874 30 1866 ...... 55,738 10 1903 Ordinary Sources, . 184,515 78 1867 ...... 61,955 10 1903 Trust Funds, etc., . 69,289 19 1868 ...... 71,699 76 1904 Ordinary Sources, . 194,405 18 1869 ...... 50,624 62 1904 Trust Funds, etc., . 24,838 42 1870 ...... 51,866 59 1905 Ordinary Sources, . 176,266 05 1871...... 47,620 74 1905 Trust Funds, etc., . 75,310 28 1872 ...... 51,694 89 1906 Ordinary Sources, . 184,339 77 1873 ...... 50,640 60 1906 Trust Funds etc., . 78,029 66 1874 ...... 59,460 98 1907 Ordinary Sources, . 178,557 30 1875 ...... 66,777 76 1907 Trust Funds, etc., . 88,636 67 1876 ...... 60,126 66 1907 Special Donations . 93,000 00 1877 ...... 74,015 70 1908 Ordinary Sources, . 200,299 68 1878 ...... 47,651 01 1908 Trust Funds, etc., . 106,498 02 1879 ...... 51,321 93 1908 Special Donations . 12,000 00 1880 ...... 66,958 29 1909 Ordinary Sources, . 214,258 67 1881...... 65,032 33 1909 Trust Funds, etc., . 146,938 66 1882 ...... 77,859 80 1909 Special Donations . 37,000 00 1883 ...... 102,839 46 1910 Ordinary Sources, . 203,691 51 1884 ...... 69,186 22 1910 Trust Funds, etc., . 185,508 77 1885 ...... 71,787 96 1910 Special Donations . 8,000 00 1886 ...... 86,852 77 1911 Ordinary Sources, . 222,324 89 1887 ...... 83,948 80 1911 Trust Funds, etc., . 122,862 66 1888 ...... 100,828 11 1912 Ordinary Sources, . 222,343 09 1889 ...... 108,585 18 1912 Trust Funds, etc., . 167,896 76 1890 ...... 100,639 36 1913 Ordinary Sources, . 274,094 06 1891...... 105,116 17 1913 Trust Funds, etc., . 185,728 62 1892 ...... 112,816 02 1914 Ordinary Source», . 263,962 88 1893 ...... 115,892 87 1914 Trust Funds, etc., . 185,248 84 1894 ...... 112,314 54 1915 Ordinary Sources, . 290,470 80 1895 Ordinary Sources, . 104,905 80 1016 Trust Funds, etc., . 239,358 20 1895 Trust Funds, etc., . 14,425 88 1916 Ordinary Sources, . 278,077 41 1896 Ordinary Sources, . 122,938 65 1916 Trust Funds etc., . 249,722 86 1896 Trust Funds, etc., . 7,882 22 1917 Ordinary Sources, 270,111 89 1897 Ordinary Sources, . 120,520 74 1917 Trust Funds, etc., 257,811 20 1897 Trust Funds, etc., . 9,000 00 1918 Ordinary Sources, 270,305 77 1898 Ordinary Sources, . 114,330 17 1918 Trust Funds, etc., 277,166 90 1898 Trust Funds, etc., . 10,415 70 1919 Ordinary Sources, 423,475 71 1899 Ordinary Sources, . 138,982 22 1919 Trust Funds, etc., 264,238 42 288 Topical Index.

TOPICAL INDEX.

Note—In some cases paragraphs or sections of paragraphs on a page are designated by letters, as “a,” “b,” “ c,” etc., following the number of the page. Act of Incorporation, 9. Cairo, 53, 74-81. See Educational, Address, of Board Officers, 4. Evangelistic, Women’s Work. Administration, Changes in, 16. Cairo Girls’ College, 81. Alexandria, 53, 55-62. See Edu­ Cairo University, 18, 66b. cational, Evangelistic, Women’s Campbellpur, 120, 123-125. See Work. Educational, Evangelistic, Wom­ “ Allegheny,” 9If, 92e. en’s Work. Alphabetical List of Missionaries, Christian Training Institute, 179. 5-6. Colleges. See Assiut College, American University at Cairo. See Ca

79; Fayum, 85; Luxor, 88; Mon- Gurdaspur, 120, 130-134. See Edu­ surah, 92; Tanta, 95; Zagazig, cational, Evangelistic, Women’s 98. Work. In India: Campbellpur, 125; Gujranwala, 128; Gurdaspur, Hafizabad, 184. 132; Jhelum, 136; Khangah Dog- Handbook, 13. .See inside of cov­ ran, 142; Lyallpur, 146; Pasrur er. North, 149; Pasrur South, 154; Harem Work. See Women’s Work. Pathankot, 157; Rawal Pindi, Helps for Pastors, 13. 164; Sangla Hill, 1C7; Sargodha, Historical Sketch, 7. 174; Sialkot, 178; Zafarwal, 184. Historical Sketch, Egypt, 45. In the Sudan: Doleib Hill, 201; Home for Women and Orphans, Khartum, 209. Gurdaspur, 133. Honorary Corresponding Sacre~ Egypt—Roll of Missionaries, 5; tary, 15d. Report of Mission: Introduction, Hospitals. See Assiut Hospital, 47; In Memoriam, 49; Stations Tanta Hospital, Sialkot Mem­ and Missionaries, 53; Station orial Hospital, Good Samaritan Reports, 55-99; Distribution of Hospital, White Memorial Hos­ Literature, 99; The Egyptian pital, Sargodha Hospital. Church, 103; Mikhail Mansur, 105; Statistics, 107-111. “Ibis,” 62g, 63, 73b. Evangelistic Campaign, India, Illustrations, Table of, 3. 126b, 131c, 140f, 160h, 176d, 180b, Illustrated Lectures, See inside of 182d, 186. cover. Evangelistic Work— In Egypt: Alexandria, 56; Assiut, 63; Ben- India— Roll of Missionaries, 6; Re­ ha, 70; Beni Suef, 73; Cairo— port of Mission: Introduction, Relating to War, 75; Routine, 115; In Memoriam, 117; Sta­ 76; Fayum, 85; Luxor, 87; Mon- tions and Missionaries, 120; surah, 91; Tanta, 93; Zagazig, Station Reports, 123-181; Synod 96. Home Mission Work, 184; The In India: Campbellpur, 124; Guj­ Evangelistic Campaign, 186; ranwala, 126; Gurdaspur, 130; The Sialkot Conventions, 1916- Jhelum, 135; Khangah Dcgran, 17-18, 187; Tamil David in the 140; Lyallpur, 144; Pasrur Punjab, 188; Our Punjabi Chris­ North, 146; Pasrur South, 152; tian Soldiers, 189; Statistics, Pathankot, 157; Rawal Pindi, 191-194. 160; Sangla Hill, 166; Sargodha, Industrial Work. See Boys’ In­ 170; Sialkot, 176; Zafarwal, 182. dustrial Home. In the Sudan: Doileib Hill, 200; Influenza— In Egypt, 61e, 85e; In Khartum, 205; Nasser, 217. India, 116c, 124c, 126a, 127e, 131ab, 132f, 133h, 140c, 149b, “Far North in India.’ See inside 150e, 151b, 152e. 156a, 159a, 166f, of cover. 167d, 170c, 180d, 182c. Fayum, 54, 83-86. See Education­ In Memoriam, 49-52, 117-119. al, Evangelistic, Medical, Wom­ Interdenominational Activities, en’s Work. 15. “407,” 14, 58cf, 91c, 140b, 172a, 176c. Finance, 25, 41. Jhelum, 120, 134-138. See Edu­ Funds, Special, 26-29. cational, Evangelistic, Medical, Women’s Work. General Assembly, See Assembly. General Information, 8. Khangah Dogran, 120, 138-142. Good Samaritan Hospital, 137. See Educational, Evangelistic, Gordon College, 164. Women’s Work. Gujranwala, 120, 125-130. See Edu­ Khartum, 199, 204-215. See Edu­ cational, Evangelistic, Women’s cational, Evangelistic, Women’s Work. Work. Gujranwala High School, 128. Khartum Boys’ Home, 211. 290 Topical Index.

Khartum North Girls’ Boarding Sudan: See Doleib Hill, Khar­ School, 210. tum, Nasser. Mission study Books, 16. See also Lectures. See inside of cover. inside of cover. Lay Preachers’ Training School, Monsurah, 54; 90-93. See Educa­ 83. tional, Evangelistic, Medical, Leper Asylum, India, 162. Women’s Work. “Life and Work in India.” See Money values in Egypt, India, Su­ inside of cover. dan 8. Literature, Distribution of, 64a, 77f, 91b, 99, 116a, 124c, 132a, Nasser, 199, 216-219. See Evan­ 135e, 146a, 156a, 160e, 160f, 173c, gelistic, Medical. 176c, 177a, 178a, 180b, 185d, Need, 48b, 55de, 57cd, 58c, 59ac,' 186c. 60d, 61a, 63a, 64c, 65ab, 67de, Literature, Missionary. See in­ 68ce, 69ace, 72cd, 73a, 74de, 82b, side of cover. 90g, 92g, 98b, 103c, 125c, 136c, Luxor, 54, 86-89. See Educational, 138b, 150bc, 153cd, 166e, 167b, Evangelistic, Women’s Work. 171ac, 172a, 180e, 198b, 205cd, Lyallpur, 121, 142-146. See Edu­ 207ag, 208ab, 212f, 213e, 215bef. cational, Evangelistic, Women’s “ New Life Currents in China.” Work. See inside of cover. New Wilmington Conference, 17. Maps. See inside of cover. Nile Boats. See Allegheny, Ibis, Magazines. See inside of cover. Witness. “ Master Builder on the Nile.” See Nile Mission Press, 99. inside of cover. Medical Work—In Egypt: Assiut, Omdurman. See Khartum. 68; Beni Suef, 73b; Fayum, 86; Opportunity, see Need. Monsurah, 92, Tanta, 96. In Opposition, 57a, 60c, 71f, 73b, 85b, India: Jhelum, 137; Pasrur 91d, 129c, 137ac, 145c, 146c, 156a, North, 151; Pathankot, 159; 161ac, 162b, 171b, 209a. Sargodha, 174; Sialkot, 180. In Orphanages. Fowler Orphanage, the Sudan: Doleib Hill, 202; 80; Gurdaspur Home, 133. Nasser, 218. Memorial Funds. See Funds, Spe­ Pasrur North, 121, 146-151. See cial. Educational, Evangelistic, Medi­ Memorial Hospital. See Sialkot cal, Women’s Work. Memorial Hospital. Pasrur South, 121, 151-154. See Mianwali, 184. Educational, Evangelistic. Mikhail Mansur, 77ae, 106. Pastor’s Cablegram, 13. Milton Stewart Fund, 57cde, 58b, Pathankot, 121, 154-159. See Edu­ 70e, 77d, 87g, 91a, 93g, 96h. cational, Evangelistic, Medical, “ Ministers of Mercy.” See inside Women’s Work. of cover. Persecution, see Opposition. Missionaries: Roll, 5-6; Move­ Postage Rates, 8. ments of, 19-24; Appointment Prayer Cycle. See inside of cover. of, 33-36; By stations, 53-54, Prem Sangat, 157. 120-122; Alphabetical List of Pressly Memorial Institute, 66. 223. Progress, 61bcd, 63c, 64af, 65cefg, Missionary Convocation, 13. 66fg, 79f, 80be, 81cd, 85bc, 87e, Missionary Institutes, 14. 95a, 104, 125f, 127d, 128a, 131a, Mission Stations and Districts, 132f, 134a, 147f, 148c, 149bc, Egypt: See Alexandria, Assiut, 169g, 168b, 173a, 176c, 184e, Benha, Beni Suef, Cairo, Fay­ 186d, 200fgh, 201bc, 207c, 211cf, um, Luxor, Monsurah, Tanta, 215b, 217bcd. Zagazig. India: See Gujranwala, Gurda- Psalter, New Arabic, 85d, 100b. spur, Jhelum, Khangali Dogran, Punjabi Christian Soldiers, 189. Lyallpur, Pasrur, Pathankot, Rawal Pindi, 121, 159-165. See Rawal Pindi, Sangla Hill, Sar­ Educational, Evangelistic, Wom­ godha, Sialkot, Zafarwal. en’s Work. Topical Index. 291

Rawal Pindi Boys’ High School, Tanta Hospital, 96. 164. Tarkio Conference, 17. Report, of Board to Assemblies, Thanksgiving, 29, 60bc, 62b, 64b, 13-32; of Foreign Department of 66i, 69e, 154 1, 219e. Women’s Board to Assemblies, “The American Mission in Egypt,” 38-41; of Assemblies’ Commit­ See inside of cover. tees, 33-37, 42; of Egypt Mis­ “ The Egyptian Sudan.” See in­ sion, 45; of India Mission, 115; side of cover. of The Sudan Mission, 197. “The Lure of Africa,” 17a. Relief Work, 58e, 65d, 67b, 75g, “ The Power-House at Pathankot,” 129b, 143f, 167d, 180c. 16. See also inside cover. Theological Seminary, Egypt, 82; Sabbath School Work, In Amer­ India, 129. ica, 17; in Egypt, 61b, 71b, 74c, Treasurer, 16d. 87f, 99c, 132b, 140c; in India, Troops, Work for, 58d, 65d, 71d, 126c, 136e, 147a, 157bc, 158b, 84d, 84c, 97e, 157b, 163b. 163e; in Sudan, 200h, 208c. Sangla Hill, 122, 165-168. See War, 47, 56cd, 57ab, 59c, 61ce, 64c, Educational, Evangelistic, Wom­ 75, 82f, 84e, 115, 126a, 134e, 135f, en’s Work. 146b, 164ab, 179d, 182c, 189. Sargodha, 122, 168-175. See Edu­ War Emergency Campaign, 24. cational, Evangelistic, Medical, White Memorial Hospital, 151. Women’s Work. Will, form of, 8. Sargodha Hospital, 174. “Witness,” 62g, 63e, 73b, 88d. Self Support, 67f, 85d, 126e, 131a, Women’s Board, Report of, 38; 147f, 148ab, 152c, 170e, 177e, Assemblies’ Committees on, 42. 205h. Women’s Work Sialkot, 122, 175-181. See Educa­ In Egypt: Alexandria, 59, 61b; tional, Evangelistic, Medical, Benha, 71; Beni Suef, 74b; Women’s Work. Cairo, 78; Luxor, 88b; Mon- Sialkot Conventions,, 187. surah, 92; Tanta, 94; Zagazig, Sialkot High School, 179. 97f. Sialkot Memorial Hospital, 180. In India: Campbellpur, 125; Guj- Stations, See Mission Stations. ranwala, 126b, 127; Gurda- Statistics. Egypt, 107-111; India, spur, 132-133; Jhelum, 135c; 191-194; Sudan, 220-221. Khangah Dogran, 141; Lyall- Sudan—Roll of Missionaries, 5; pur, 146; Pasrur North, 149; Report of Mission : Introduction, Pathankot, 157; Rawal Pindi, 197; Stations and Missionaries, 164; Sangla Hill, 167; Sargod­ 199; Station Reports, 200-219; ha, 172; Sialkot, 177f; Zafar- Statistics, 220-221. wal, 184. Synod of the Nile, 83e, 87d, 97a, In The Sudan: Khartum, 213. 104b. Synod’s Home Mission Field, In­ Zafarwal, 122, 181-184. See Edu­ dia, 162a, 184. cational, Evangelistic, Women’s Work. Tables, of Contents, 2; of Il­ Zagazig, 54, 96-99. See Educa­ lustrations, 3. tional, Evangelistic, Women’s Tamil David, 188. Work. Tan ta, 54, 93-96. See Educational, Zenana Work. See Women’s Evangelistic, Medical, Women’s Work. Work. INTELLIGENCE IS THE SECRET $F INTEREST “The two greatest toes of missions are indifference and prejudice —and ignorance is tie mother of them both.”

STUDY MISSIONS NEW LIFE CURRENTS IN CHINA, by Mary Ninde GamewelJ. (For young people). Cloth, 75 cents; paper, 50 cents.

MINISTERS OF MERCY, by Dr. Franklin. (For Intermediates). Cloth, 75 cents; paper, 50 cent^p Next year’s study book will be most attractive to United Presby­ terians, It is a book on the Near Bast by William H. Hall, who has_ been for a quarter of a century a missionary teacher in Syria. has traveled in Egypt and is personally acquainted with many of its people. The real theme of the book is “What the War Has Brought to the Near East,'* politically, racially, religiously, socially and industrially. It deals with what the war has done for missions, and points out the importance of this region in world relations, with an insistence that there must be a just and Christian solution of the questions of the Near East Next year will be our year! Get ready for the study book of 1920-21.

UNITED PRESBYTERIAN HEROES AND STORIES OF THEIR WORK MASTER BUILDER ON THE NILE, by Rena h. Hogg. Cloth, *1.50. THE AMERICAN MISSION IN EGYPT, by Andrew Watson. Cloth, ?2.50. LIFE AND WORK IN INDIA, by Robert Stewart Cloth, $2.00. THE EGYPTIAN SUDAN, by J. Kelly Giffen. Paper, only 20 cents. FAR NORTH IN INDIA, by C. R. Watson and W. B. Anderson. Cloth, 60 cents. THE POWER-HOUSE AT PATHANKOT, by Mary. J. Campbell. Cloth, 60 cents; paper, 40 cents. The HANDBOOK is the latest and moat copiously Illustrated publica­ tion of our Board. Ask your pastor for it or send to us for one. "407” and “407 No. 2" are the little booklets giving the history up-to-date of this movement, making the appeal in chartB and maps as well as in words. Do you hare one? MAPS oil our fields are available at 65 cents apiece.