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v DOCUMENT RESUME ED-114 975 BA 007 717 AUTHOR Bury, John C. TITLE ,. The Historical Role of Arizona's Superin:tendent of Public Instruction, Volumes 1and 2. PUB DATE Dec 74 NOTE 729g. EDRS PRICE MF-$1.23 HC-$37.45 Plus Postage , 1 DESCRIPTORS *Educational History; Elementary Secondary Education; *Historiography; Interviews; Public School Systegs;- *School Superintendents; State Government; *State. Officials; *Superintendent Role; United States. History IDENTIFIERS *Arizona; Superintendents of Public InstruCtion ABSTRACT This book is a study Of the historical development of public education in the Tterritory and State of Arizona,as reflected and influenced by the office of Superintendent of Public Instruction. The book is organized in 20 chronologically ordered chapters,-mainly centered around various individuals who had some impact On the course of public educationeduction in Arizona. In the 'rst six chapters, much attention is devoted to the activiti e"))s/ of the various territorial governors and legislative assemblies as they affected education between 1854 and 1883. Chapters 7/through 20 mainly focus on one or more of the 24 supprintendents of public instruction between 1883 and 1975. 'The/uthorrelies entirely on the historical narrative technique in discussing the history of the superirttendency until 1958, but he mainly'uses oral history interviews to portray the period from '1958 to 1975. Material for the studywas gleamed from a variety of libraries and archives in Arizona and from personal interviews with living ex-sup-erintendents and their associates. (0G) *********************************************************************** Documents acquired by ERIC includemany informal unpublished * materials not available from other sources. ERIC makes every effort * * to obtain the -best copy available. Nevertheless, items of marginal -* * reproducibility are often encountered and this affects the quality * * of the microfiche and hardcopy reproductions ERIC makes available * via the ERIC Document Reproduction Service,(EDRS). EDRS 'is no4: * responsible for the quality of the .orig.imal document. Reproductions * * s pplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the Original. ** ********************************.***'******************************** U S DEPARTMENT CIF HEALTH. 'PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS COPY EOUCATION WELFARE IGHTED MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRO DUCE° EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON DR ORGANIZATION ORIGIN joht C. Dvizy TO ERIC AND ORGANIZATION ATtNG IT POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS OPERATINGRA STATED 00 NOT NECESSARILY REPRE UNDER AGREEMENTS WITH THE NATIONAL IN SENT OFFICIAL NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STITUTE OF EDUCATION Fufin-,E.IREPRO. EOucA T ION POSITION OR POLICY DUCTION OUTSIDE THE ERIC SYSTEM RE. QUIRES PERMISSION OF THE COPYRIGHT OWNER THE HISTORICAL'ROLE OF ARIZONA'S SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION VOLUME I by . John C. Bury Northern Arizona University Flagstaff, Arizona December, 1974 't* THE HISTORICAL ROLE OF ARIZONA'S SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUNION by John Charles Bury Northern Arizona University Flagstaff, Arizona Copyright © 1975 by John Charles Bury All rights reserved. 3 it The author, John Bury, disclaims responsibility for statements either of fact or of opinion made by contributors. ( 4 4 Q FOREWORD Public schools are on.trial today because so many seem not to know our history of education. Because of this general lack'of knowledge about the historyof education in Arizona, John Bury agreed to author this study. Whan'you read his material, you will agree that he was admirably qualified, in every way, for this significant and enormous task. rWe have asked that both volumes, be placed in ever, high school and public library in the State as well as in the libraries of the universities andcommunity colleges. This should make'heinformation available to any'and all interested citizens. Fundb for this project were obtained from federal . sources. These funds were provided to the Superintendent of Public Instuction for the sole purpose of strengthen- ing e ucation in Arizona. We trust all those who read this this purpose. his104ry will find it relevant and useful for W. P. Shofstall, Ph.D. State Superintendent of Public Instruction (July 1969 - January 1975) O Phoenix, Arizona ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ThiS writer is most gratefulfor the very generous help that he has received from many different individuals in support of this project. Dr. Weldon P. Shofstall, perintendent of Public Instruction, State of Arizona, s most singularly responsible for making this study p ssible. His complete unbiased and gracYous support of this study is most gratefully acknowledged and appreciated by the writer. Personal thanks goes tO Dr. Shofstall's secretary, Miss Heloise Blommel who provided continuing support and encouragement. Ep Dr. Jim Hartgraves, Deuty Superintendent of Public Instruction and his secretary Mrs. Dixie Miller were from the very beginning of this study consistently helpful in their support. The author gratefully acknowledgeb the personal and intensive help provided to him by his doctoral committee chairman Dr. Raymond Huitt, Professor of Education, NAU, and Dr. Phillip Rulon, committee member and Associate Professor of History, NAU, who spent many hours of his own personal time to edit this document. Appreciation is extended to Dr. Charles Fauset, Dean of the' College of Educat-Lon, NAU,.Dr.'Lyle Mullens, Associate (' iii Dean of the College of Education and Dr. Richard Lloyd, Professor ofEducation for their support and encouragement as members of the author's committee. Appreciation is also extended to, the staff of the.Arizona State Library and Archives (Marguerite Cooley, Director) at the Capitol, Phoenix, particularly Miss Blaise Gagliano and Miss an Burt, who placed themselves at the service of this au r and his staff in a most congenial and generous way; those staff members of the Arizona De- : partment of Education who were always ready and available to help whenever needed; Miss Myriam Toles and Mr. and Mrs. Glenn Dunham:for providing valued'personal material J concert4ng MiSs Elpie.Toles; those educational leaders in the state of Arizona interviewed by this author and who appear in the interview section of this history, who made themselves available at the author's convenience for inter- views and consultation; to the Northern Arizona University Library Staff (Dr. Robert Kemper, Director) for their help and for the provision of office space. Special thanks goes to Mr. John Irwin,Diiector of theNAU'Archiyesand Special Collections who was always willing to.help in not only providing the necessary work space but with expert direction and guidance. The author acknowledges withgratitudes the iv dedicated and professional contrib tion made by his re- search associate, Miss Susan L. ogers; and Mrs. Connie Luna who did the final typin in a most expert fashion at the convenience of the wri er; and Dr. Roger Bacon, NAU English Department, who id the final proof reading with dedication and inte . Warm thanks is also extended to Dr. Garland Downu , NAU History Department, and his wife Evelyn Downum, 'AU College of Education, for their friendship a d support. T. s-athor's wife Susan Sifert Bury gave this docume the special and final touch needed with many hours spe in editing and rewriting. Special thanks to her her encouragement and to the author's three daughters, A Katherine-Lydia, Alexandra Crystal, and Jessica Ellen for their joyful diversion during tiis long and strenuous project. It is this writer's hope that this document be worthy of the care, concern, and interest given to him, his career, and this project by his parents Waldemar and Lydia Bury. V TABLE OF CONTENTS Page FOREWORD ACKNOWLEDGMENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST -0' TABLES xv /INTRODUCTION 1 Overview 1 Assumptions and Limitations of Study 4 Sources 5 CHAPTER I. THE ESTABLISHMENT OF TERRITORIAL GOVERNMENT 8 Introduction 8 The Gadsden Purchase 9 The Territory of Arizona 11, John Noble Goodwin 13 The First Legislature and the Attempted Beginning of Arizona Education 14 The University of Arizona 17 First Public. School Administration 17 The Second Legisaative Assembly 19 Private Attempts at Education 19 Richard Cunningham McCormick 22 The Fourth Legislative Assembly and The First School District 23 Arizona's First School District , 26 The Territory Starts to Grow 27 McCormick and the Fifth Assembly 28 Footnotes 31 CHAPTER II. ANSON PACELY KILLEN SAFFORD: THE FATHER OF ARIZONA EDUCATION 34 IntroduCtion 34 Safford: The Man 35 Safford Takes Over 37 Ignacio Bonillds Describes Safford 38 The Arizona Territory as Safford Knew It 41 Interpretation: Arizona Territory, 1869 43 Safford Becomes Involved in Education in ArizoAa 45 S.C. Rogers and the Prescott Schools 46 9 . vi Page, Statistics:.1870 u 70- Sisters of St. Joseph Academy 51 Pima Village Schools 52 , Conclusion 53 Footniites 1 54 CHAPTER III..1871 THE BIRTHDATE OP ARIZONA'S EDUCATION 57 Introduction 57 The Sixth Territorial Legislature 58 . EStevan'Ochoa: The Mexican-American O Father of AriZona Education 60 The First Comprehensive School Law 62 A Separate Superintenddnt 69 Footnotes 71 CHAPTER IV. THE BEGINNINGS OF MODERN PUBLIC EDUCATION 73 . Introduction 73 John A. Spring 73 Phoenix Gets Its First School 76 A School for Arizona City. 79 The Territorial Board of Education 80 First Official School Reports 87 Saffora's First Official Report as Superintendent 90 "Superintendent" Safford and the Seventh Legislative Assembly