PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DEL PERÚ ESCUELA DE POSGRADO Plan Estratégico De La Gastronomía TESIS PARA OBTENER EL GRADO

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PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DEL PERÚ ESCUELA DE POSGRADO Plan Estratégico De La Gastronomía TESIS PARA OBTENER EL GRADO PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DEL PERÚ ESCUELA DE POSGRADO Plan Estratégico de la Gastronomía TESIS PARA OBTENER EL GRADO DE MAGÍSTER EN ADMINISTRACION ESTRATÉGICA DE EMPRESAS OTORGADO POR LA PONTIFICA UNIVERSIDAD CATOLICA DEL PERÚ PRESENTADA POR Carlos Alejandro Horna Mendoza Abraham Christian López Herrera César Augusto Matías Sinche Edson Mario Oscanoa Barios Asesor: Rubén Guevara Moncada Lima, julio 2015 ii Agradecimientos. A nuestro asesor profesor Rubén Guevara Moncada por compartir conocimientos a lo largo del curso de dirección estratégica; así como también por sus consejos y apoyo en el desarrollo del presente trabajo. iii Dedicatorias Carlos Horna A mi esposa Maricarmen y mis pimpollitas Silvangel y Adrice por formar parte de mi vida. A mi amada y abnegada madre Angélica, quien siempre me inculcó superación y fortaleza incluso en los momentos en que la vida misma parecía extinguirse, con el único recurso que es infinito en ella el amor. A Dios y a mi padre Carlos que desde el cielo guían mis pasos y son un ejemplo digno de imitar y difícil de alcanzar. Finalmente, a mis eternos amigos y hermanos Olga, Luis, Tito y Tony. Abraham López A mi hija Ana Lucía, a mi esposa Evelyn y a nuestro futuro retoño Andrea, las amo mucho. Asimismo agradezco a Dios por darme la vida y a mis padres Abraham y Jacinta, ya que sin su amor, dedicación y apoyo no hubiera llegado hasta este momento. No quiero dejar de mencionar a mi sobrina Brezzia y a mi hermana Julissa, a quienes quiero mucho. César Matías A mis padres Simeona y Alejandro por ser el pilar fundamental en todo lo que soy, en toda mi educación, tanto académica, como de la vida, por su incondicional apoyo perfectamente mantenido a través del tiempo. A mi novia Luz quien me apoyo y alentó para continuar, cuando parecía que me iba a rendir. Todo este trabajo ha sido posible gracias a ellos. Edson Oscanoa A mi Madre Dina Barrios; por haberme apoyado en todo momento, por sus consejos, sus valores, por la motivación constante que me ha permitido ser una persona de bien, pero más que nada, por su amor. A mis amigos; que nos apoyamos mutuamente en nuestra formación profesional y que hasta ahora, seguimos siendo amigos: Abraham López, Carlos Horna, César Matías, por su perseverancia y dedicación al realizar este trabajo. iv Resumen Ejecutivo El crecimiento promedio de la economía peruana ha sido de más de 6% en los últimos 10 años y en el primer trimestre del presente año creció sólo 1.7%. El primer trimestre del 2015 el rubro de restaurantes se expandió 3% debido principalmente a la apertura de nuevos locales y a la variedad de sus cartas. El boom de la gastronomía debido a su variedad culinaria y al sabor único e irresistible de sus platos son los principales factores que están coadyuvando a la internacionalización de la riqueza gastronómica del Perú. Si bien es cierto que la gastronomía está en constante expansión debido al boom gastronómico, este es por lo general un crecimiento desorganizado y en su mayor parte informal; sin una visión y estrategias claras que permitan conocer la ruta a seguir para que el crecimiento sea sostenido. Es allí donde se propone con este plan estratégico unificar todos los sectores de interés en el Instituto Gastronómico Peruano con el propósito de alcanzar los objetivos comunes como, la formalización de las empresas inmersas en la gastronomía, las mismas que deberán contar con establecimientos saludables garantizando la inocuidad y calidad de los productos, incrementar la rentabilidad del sector y la facturación de las franquicias de gastronomía; así como también, la gastronomía sea la más conocida y reconocida en el continente americano. Con la implementación de este planeamiento estratégico, la gastronomía se posicionará como la líder en el continente americano, mediante un crecimiento sostenido y acelerado en las principales ciudades de América, siendo capaz de satisfacer a los consumidores más exigentes mediante una experiencia única e inolvidable, siendo reconocidos por su calidad, exquisitez, diversidad e inocuidad, teniendo como principal propósito la generación de valor a lo largo de toda su cadena productiva. v Abstract The average rise of Peruvian economy have been more that 6% in the last 10 years, and in the first trimester of the actual year rise only 1.7% . The first trimester of 2015, the category of restaurants expanded 3% mainly because the opening of new places and the variety of its menus. Peruvian Gastronomy’s boom due to the culinary variety, the unique flavor and irresistible of its cuisines are the main factors that contribute the spreading of the gastronomic richness of Peru. While it is true that Peruvian gastronomy is in constant expansion due to the gastronomic boom, this is generally a disorganized growth, and mostly informal; without a view and definite strategies that permit to know the path to follow to a sustained growing. There is where is proposed, according to this strategic plan, to unify all the industry sectors in the Peruvian Institute of Gastronomy with the purpose to get the mutual goals like, formalization of the companies immerses in the Peruvian gastronomic industry, the same that should have wealthy establishments guarantying the safety and quality of this products, increasing the profitability of this section and the billing of franchises of Peruvian gastronomy; as well as , Peruvian gastronomy be well-know and recognized in the American Continent. With the implementation of this strategic plan, Peruvian gastronomy will be ranked like a leader in the American Continent, through a sustainable growing and fastest-growing in the principal cities of America, being able to satisfy to the more demanding consumers through an unique and unforgettable experience, being recognized for our quality, excellence, diversity and safety, having as a principal purpose the generating of value along the production chain. vi Tabla de Contenidos Lista de Tablas ...................................................................................................................... x Lista de Figuras ................................................................................................................... xii El Proceso Estratégico: Una Visión General ....................................................................... xiv Capítulo I: Situación General de la Gastronomía ................................................................... 1 1.1. Situación General. ................................................................................................... 1 1.2. Conclusiones. .......................................................................................................... 9 Capítulo II: Visión, Misión, Valores y Código de Ética. ...................................................... 10 2.1. Antecedentes. ........................................................................................................... 10 2.2. Visión. ...................................................................................................................... 11 2.3. Misión. ..................................................................................................................... 11 2.4. Valores. .................................................................................................................... 12 2.5. Código de Ética. ....................................................................................................... 12 2.6. Conclusiones. ........................................................................................................... 13 Capitulo III Evaluación Externa .......................................................................................... 14 3.1. Análisis Tridimensional de las Naciones ................................................................... 14 3.1.1. Intereses Nacionales. Matriz de Intereses Nacionales (MIN) ............................... 14 3.1.2. Potencial Nacional .............................................................................................. 19 3.1.3. Principios cardinales ........................................................................................... 28 3.1.4. Influencia del análisis en la Gastronomía ............................................................ 32 3.2. Análisis Competitivo del País ................................................................................... 33 3.2.1. Condiciones de los Factores................................................................................ 34 3.2.2. Condiciones de la Demanda. ............................................................................... 38 3.2.3. Estrategia, estructura, y rivalidad de las empresas ............................................... 42 3.2.4. Sectores relacionados y de apoyo........................................................................ 43 3.2.5. Influencia del Análisis en la Gastronomía. .......................................................... 46 3.3. Análisis del Entorno PESTE ..................................................................................... 47 3.3.1. Fuerzas políticas, gubernamentales, y legales (P) ................................................ 47 3.3.2. Fuerzas económicas y financieras (E) ................................................................. 50 vii 3.3.3. Fuerzas sociales, culturales, y demográficas (S) .................................................. 53 3.3.4. Fuerzas tecnológicas y científicas (T) ................................................................. 55 3.3.5.
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