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FINSKA SUOMI »There Are Only Two Things in Art: Humanity Or Not.« Alvar Aalto Pozdravljen Mladi Um!

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FINSKA SUOMI »There Are Only Two Things in Art: Humanity Or Not.« Alvar Aalto Pozdravljen Mladi Um! Po potehPo Alvara Aalta... FINSKA_SUOMI1 arhitekturna ekskurzija_24.5.-3.6.2007_seminar Vodopivec »There are only two things in art: humanity or not.« Alvar Aalto Pozdravljen mladi um! Dobrodošel na arhitekturno obarvani, seminarski ekskurziji po Finski. ąHVWLWDPRWLGDVLVHRGOoĆLO]DWRSRSRWRYDQMHQD katerem bomo spoznavali skrivnosti te tihe severne GHçHOHGHçHOHYHĆQHJDVRQcDLQQHVNRQĆQLKQRĆL Vsekakor boš prišel nazaj poOQVYHçLKLGHMQRYLK prijateljstev in vHĆQLKVSRPLQRv. Skupaj bomo na sledi Alvaru $DOWXLQQMHJRYLP VWYDULWYDPNLVRQDMEROM]D]QDPRYDODÀnsko arhitekturo. 1DMWLERWDNQMLçLFDYSRPRĆ 8SRUDEOMDMMR]D]DEHOHçHYDnje idej in risanje skic, da jo ERå]YHVHOMHPåHNGDMRGSUOLQMRSRND]DOWXGLGUXJLP 3 24. 05. 1:00 štartamo iz Ljubljane 11:00 let iz Munchna 14: 30 priletimo v Helsinke Paimio Tuberculosis Sanatorium, Alvar Aalto Salo Spanje v hotelu Sokos Rikala 25. 05. Turku Pitkanen Chapel, Erik Bryggman Henryk’s Ecumenical Chapel, Matti Sanaksenaho Sanomat Office Building, Alvar Aalto Noormarkkuju Villa Mairea, Alvar Aalto Program Tampere Electric Powerplant, Alvar Aalto Railway Station, Flodin - Seppala Vatiala Funerary Chapel, Viljo Revell Spanje v Hostel Tampere 26. 05. Seinajoki .QMLçQLFD$OYDU$DOWR Seinajoki Town Hall, Alvar Aalto Cross of the Plains Church, Alvar Aalto Alajarvi Alajarvi Town Hall, Alvar Aalto Soldier’s Monument, Alvar Aalto Aalto Family Memorial, Alvar Aalto Jyvaskyla Spanje v Laajavuori Oy 27. 05. Jyvaskyla Theatre, Alvar Aalto Petajavesi Church Alvar Aalto Museum, Alvar Aalto Jyvaskyla University Campus, Alvar Aalto Muurame Church Spanje v Laajavuori Oy 28. 05. Saynatsalo Experimental House, Alvar Aalto Saynatsalo Town Hall, Alvar Aalto Imatra 4 Vuoksenniska Church, Alvar Aalto Spanje v campingu Lappenranta Huhtiniemi 29. 05. Viipuri Viipuri Library, Alvar Aalto Kotka Sunila Pulp Mill Kouvola Spanje v campingu Tykkimaki 30. 05. Espoo Myyrmaki church, Juha Leviska Aalto House in Studio Alvar Aalto Seurasaari muzej Taminiemi Cafe Otaniemi Chapel Dipoli center, Reima in Raili Pietila Spanje v hotelu Matinlahti 31. 05. Espoo Olari Church, Kapy in Simo Paavilainen Tapiola Church, Ruusuvuori Tapiola Swimming Hall, Aarne Ervi Weegee EMMA Inštitut za tehnologijo Helsinki Vikki Church Arabia Laajasalo Church, Kari Jarvinen, Merja Nieminen Spanje v hostlu Stadion in hotelu Cumulus 1. 06. Finlandia Hall, Alvar Aalto Temppeliaukio Church, Timo in Tuomo Soumalien Program Academic Bookstore, Alvar Aalto Rautatalo Office Building, Alvar Aalto Stockmann, Sigurd Frosterius The Social Insurance Institution, Alvar Aalto Spanje v hostlu Stadion in hotelu Cumulus 2. 06. Culture House, Alvar Aalto Enso – Gutzeit Office Building, Alvar Aalto Spanje v hostlu Stadion in hotelu Cumulus 3. 06. Let iz Helsinkov ob 15:50 ( v Munchnu ob 17:25 ) RNROLSROQRĆLY/MXEOMDQL 5 Pot Seinäjoki Noormarkku TAMPERE TURKU Paimio Salo HELSINKI ESPOO 6 Pot Jyväskylä Imatra Lappeentranta Kouvola Vyborg Kotka Porvoo SUHQRþLãþH ogledi 7 ilnosti Ć GEOGRAFIJA: Republika Finska, (finsko: Suomi, Suomen Tasavalta, švedsko: Republiken Finland) je ena izmed Nordijskih Finska - geografija in zna - geografija Finska GUçDv. /HçL na skandinavskem polotoku in meji na Švedsko na zahodu, Rusijo na vzhodu, Norveško na severu ter Estonijo na jugu. Na zahodu, v Baltskem morju OHçLMR Alandski otoki - avtonomna, demilitarizirana finska provinca, poseljena veĆinoma s Švedi. Površina Finske meri 338.145km2. Podnebje je zmerno celinsko, na severu subpolarno. Finska se upraviĆeno imenuje GHçHOD jezer saj jih ima veĆ kot 50.000. NajveĆji sta Saimaa (1490km2) in Päijänne (1111km2) . Finska je na jugu porašĆena z listnatimi gozdovi, proti S preide v iglasto in moĆvirno tajgo, dalje pa v polarno tundro. DRUGI PODATKI Prebivalstvo: 5.282.866, Sistem: parlamentarna republika, Valuta: EURO, Uradna jezika: finski, švedski, BDP: 37.504 USD/preb, Razglasitev neodvisnosti: 6.12.1917, PrikljuĆitev EU: 1995 ZANIMIVOSTI: Finski narod je smatran kot 6. najsreĆnejši narod na svetu. Finska je najredkeje poseljena GUçDYD EU: 8 15,2preb/km” Finska_Zgodovina Na Finskem se ĆORYHN SUYLĆ QDVHOL med ]DGQMR OHGHQR GRER (cca. 9000 pr.Kr.). 'R åYHGVNH QDGYODGH VR Finci çLYHOL EROM DOL manj PLUQR çLYOMHQMH RG 14. VWROHWMD GDOMH pa je SRWHNDOR PQRçLĆQR SRNULVWMDQMHYDQMH ąHSUDY SRG åYHGVNR REODVWMR Finska RKUDQL ODVWHQ SDUODPHQW GR ]DĆHWND ruske RNXSDFLMH Y 18. VWROHWMX Na ]DĆHWNX 19. VWROHWMD Rusija XYHGH SRSROQR REODVW in Finci si SULERULMR QHRGYLVQRVW åHOH OHWD 1917. 1HRGYLVQRVW XVSHåQR EUDQLMR med 2. VYHWRYQR YRMQR NR se VSRSDGHMR s 6RYMHWVNR =YH]R in 1HPĆLMR Vsi SUHRVWDOL VSRUL R QDVOHGVWYX WHULWR- rija VR rešeni s ĆODQVWYRP Finske Y =GUXçHQLK QDURGLK OHWD /HWDVH)LQVNDSULNOMXĆLWXGL(YURSVNLXQLML 9 Nekaj pomembnih prelomnic v finski zgodovini: 7000 BC – Nomadski lovci in ULELĆL se selijo iz juga proti Finski. - 90 AD - Rimski zgodovinarji SUYLĆ pišejo o narodu Fenni, ljudje severa. 900 – trgovske poti švedskih Vikingov vodijo preko Finske. - 1397 Danska, švedsko in Norveško kraljestvo se ]GUXçLMR v Kalmarsko Unijo. - 1493 Finska je SUYLĆ omenjena na tiskanem zemljevidu Evrope v knjigi »Liber Chronicarum". - 1523 razpad Kalmarsake unije, Gustavus Vasa postane švedski kralj. - 1543 Škof Mikael Agricola napiše prvo finsko knjigo, slovnico. - 1640 Švedska kraljica Finska_Zgodovina Kristina ustanovi prvo finsko univerzo v mestu Turku. - 1642 Prvi popolni finski prevod Biblije. - 1812 Helsinki postanejo prestolnica vojvodine Finske. - 1860 Finska pridobi lastno valuto (finska marka - markka). - 1863 Aleksander II uzakoni finski jezik kot enakovreden švedskemu. - 1882 Emma Irene Åström je prva Finka, ki prejme univerzitetno diplomo. - 1900 Svetovna razstava v Parizu. Finski paviljon oblikujejo arhitekti Armas Lindgren, Herman Gesellius, Eliel Saarinenfrescoes. =DĆHWHN zlate dobe finske umetnosti. - 1902 Višek PQRçLĆQHJD preseljevanja 320 000 Fincev v ZDA in Kanado. - 1906 Finska ustanovi lasten enakopraven parlament. Finske çHQVNH so prve na svetu, ki so jim dane popolne SROLWLĆQH pravice. - 1919 K.J. Ståhlberg postane prvi finski predsednik. - 1920 Finski WHNDĆ Paavo Nurmi osvoji zlato olimpijsko medaljo. - 1921 Finski parla- ment podeli otokom Åland samoupravo. - 1922 Uzakonjena je verska svoboda, obvezno šolanje in YRMDåĆLQD - 1939-40 5GHĆD armada napade Finsko. Finski odpor proti petdesetkrat YHĆML armadi traja 105 dni. Tuji tisk piše o ªąXGHçQL Zimski vojni «. - 1940 – Po spora- zumu v Moskvi SZ pridobi 10% Finskega ozemlja. - 1941-1944 Nadaljevanje bojev, v katerih se Finska postavi na nemško stran proti Sovjetski zvezi z çHOMR po izgubljenem teritoriju. Kljub sodelovanju z 1HPĆLMR je nacizem zavrnjen. - 1945 Pol milijona Fincev zapusti svoje domove na ozemlju pod Sovjetsko oblastjo. - 1951 Oblikovalec Tapio Wirkkala prejme Grand Prix na milanskem trienalu in finskemu oblikovanju odpre vrata v svet. - 1952 Olimpi- jske igre v Helsinkih. - 1970 Uvedba 40-urnega delavnika. - 1981 Urho Kekkonen's po 25 letih ]DNOMXĆL predsedovanje Finski. - 1991 Študent Linus Torvalds napiše UDĆXQDOQLåNL operacijski sistem Linux. - 2002 uvedba Evra. 2002 - Tarja Halonen postane prva finska predsednica. - 2006 Finska skupina Lordi zmaga na Euroviziji. 10 Kultura Finska kultura združuje bogato lastno dediščino, ki se naprimer izraža v finskem jeziku in sauni, ter nordijske in evropske aspekte. Zaradi geografske lege Finske so na njeno kulturo močno vplivala okoliška nordijska, baltska ter germanska ljudstva, kot tudi kulturni razvoj pod Švedi in za mnogo krajši čas pod Rusi - v tistem času je doživela narodno vstajo, od katere je ostal znameniti rek: "Nismo Švedi, ne želi postati Rusi, zato bodimo Finci!". Finska je vedno predstavljala stičišče zahodne in vzhodne Evrope in je kot taka tudi bila območje njihovega stalnega rivalstva. Finska nacionalna identiteta je močno povezana z njihovim designom, arhitekturo ter glasbo, pomembno vlogo v njihovi kulturi pa predstavlja tudi sauna. Čeprav se lahko finsko kulturo smatra kot še relativno mlado v primerjavi z drugimi evropskimi kulturami, je njen vpliv na svetovno sceno zelo močan. 11 gn i es D Mit o finskem oblikovanju je nastal v 50 letih 20. stoletja. Temelj za nastanek je bilo Nacionalno Romantično gibanje, ki je na prelomu stoletja industrijsko oblikovanje združila skupaj z arhitekturo in fino umetnostjo. Pozno 19. stoletje tako označuje začetek promocije industrijskega oblikovanja in obrti, česar rezultat je bila skupnost Finnish Society of Crafts and Design. Počasi je šola postala vodilna ustanova na svojem področju in je izobrazila mnogo talentiranih oblikovalcev - še posebej v povojni Finski. Med njimi so: Tapio Wirkkala, Timo Sarpaneva, Kaj Franck, Ilmari Tapiovaara in mnogi drugi. Po drugi svetovni vojni je Finska potrebovala novo in modernejšo identiteto - skupaj z industrijo so se oblikovalci odzvali na izziv časa in so začeli graditi nov stil, moderno vsakdanje življenje in novo podobo Finske. Skandinavsko oblikovanje je še danes 12 mednarodno priznano kot eno vodilnih v svetu. Finski film $NL.DXULVPlNL 7RXJK2QHV +lM\W V 50 letih finska filmska industrija pade v krizo, ki jo po FHOHPVYHWXSRY]URĆLWDWHOHYL]LMDLQYLGHR.RWUHåLWHYVR Y ]DĆHWNX WLK XYHGOL VXEYHQFLMH Y REOLNL GUçDYQLK QDJUDGRENRQFXWLKSDVRXVWDQRYLOL)LQVNR)LOPVNR IXQGDFLMRNLGRGHOMXMHILQDQĆQHSRPRĆL3RMDYLOVHMHQRY ª)LQVNLYDO©SURGXNFLMDQLYHĆVORQHODQDYHOLNLKWHPYHĆ QD PDOLK SRGMHWMLK LQ SUHSR]QDYQLK LPHQLK 9 ]DĆHWNX WLK VH MH ]DĆHOD PHQMDYD JHQHUDFLMH 3RQRYQR VR RGNULOLWHPHNLVRVHGRWLNDOHSUREOHPRYWHGDQMHGUXçEH QSU PODGLK QD REUREMX GUXçEH VRRĆHQMH ĆORYHND LQ QDUDYHQRYDPHVWQD\XSSLHJHQHUDFLMD 9GHYHGHVHWLK SUHY]DPHYHOLNGHOILQDQFLUDQMDILOPRYWHOHYL]LMDORĆLWD
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