Figure 4. K-25 Facility Time Line (1942–2000)

MAJOR PROCESSES

Gaseous Diffusion Up to 93% U-235, 1945-64 Atomic Vapor Laser Isotope Separation, 1988-92

S-50 Liquid Thermal Gaseous Diffusion <10% U-235, 1964-85 Toxic Substance Incinerator, K-1435, 1989-present Diffusion 1944-45

Gaseous Centrifuge Development, 1960-88

ENVIRONMENTAL DATA

1944-48, Radioactivity 1971-present, Uranium, Metals in Poplar and Bear Creeks in Clinch River 1960-64, 1955-57, Mercury in Organic compounds, 1972, Nitrates, Uranium 1984, 1989-90, Mercury, Organics, Clinch River, Polar Creek Radionuclides in Clinch in Bear and Poplar Creeks Radionuclides in Clinch River, Poplar Creek 1947-48, Radioactivity in River, Poplar Creek 1986, Metals, PCBs 1990, Metals, Organics, Radionuclides in Melton Hill, Clinch River, Poplar Creek Radionuclides in Norris and Watts Bar Reservoirs Water

Surface Clinch River 1949-present, Radionuclides, Metals in Clinch River, Poplar Creek

1948-49, Radionuclides 1961-present, I-131 and Sr-90 in Cows' Milk w/in 50 Miles of ORR in Clinch River Fish 1967-present, Mercury, PCBs, Radionuclides in Clinch River Fish 1974-77, Mercury in 1977, Metals, PCBs, and Uranium 1989, Metals, PCBs, Pesticides, SVOCs, Radionuclides Poplar Creek Fish in Clinch River and Poplar Creek Fish in Clinch and Tennessee River, Poplar Creek Fish 1979, Metals in 1984, Metals, Organics, PCBs, Radionuclides in, Clinch Clinch River Fish River and Melton Dam Fish, Frogs, Turtles and Crayfish

Biota 1982, Mercury in 1985-present, Metals, and Organics in Mitchell Branch of Poplar Creek Fish Poplar Creek Fish 1986-89, Metals, Pesticides, PCBs in Melton Hill and Watts Reservoir Fish 1977-present, Radionuclides in Deer from ORR, Flouride and Radionuclides in Grass at K-25 Perimeter 1978-79, Tc-99 in Vegetation near K-25

1951-56, Surface Gamma Radiation, 1960-64, Metals, 1970, Mercury in Melton 1979, PCBs 1984, Mercury, Radionuclides 1989-90, Metals, Organics, Radionuclides Radioactivity, Radionuclides in Clinch Radionuclides in Clinch Hill Reservoir sediment in Clinch River, in Melton Hill Reservoir, in Clinch River, Poplar Creek, Melton Hill, and Tennessee River sediment and Tennessee Rivers sediment Poplar Creek sediment Tennesse River sediment Watts Bar, Norris Reservoirs sediment 1972-74, Mercury in Poplar Creek 1985, Metals, Organics, 1973-74, PCBs, Metals in 1977, Radionuclides Radionuclides in Clinch Watts Bar and Melton Hill Clinch and Tennessee River, Poplar Creek sediments Reservoirs, Poplar Creek River sediments

Sediment 1975-present, Metals in Clinch River and Poplar Creek sediment 1986, Cesium-137 in Watts Bar Reservoir

1955-present, Particle Number, Fallout Particle Number, Beta Radioactivity, Beta Radioactivity in Rainwater, Uranium, Nickel, Lead, Chromium, Particulates

1963-present, I-131

1975-present, Particulate Gamma Emitters, Sr-90 Air 1988-present, PCBs, Furans, Dioxins, Hexachlorobenzene, and Uranium from K-1435 Incinerator

1959-present, Radionuclides in Water from Clinch River Water Intakes 1981, 83, Radionuclides, 1986, Radioactivity in Residential Well Water Metals in Residential Well Water 1986, Radioactivity, Radionuclides, Inorganics in Residential Well Water

Water 1986, 89-present, Metals, Organics, Radionuclides in Residential

Drinking Drinking Water

PUBLIC HEALTH ACTIVITIES

1942-93, Phase I Oak Ridge Health Study (10/93)

1942-93, Phase II Oak Ridge Health Studies (7/99) – Uranium dose reconstruction report 1944-90 – PCB dose reconstruction report 1942-99

1942-96, Oak Ridge Health Agreement Steering Panel: Feasibility of Epidemiologic Studies (7/96)

1980-92, Health Statistics Review of Mortality Rates (1994)

1985-95, Health Consultation on Lower Watts Bar Reservoir (2/96)

1988-90, Health Statistics Review to Address Oak Ridge Physician's Concerns (10/19/92)

1990-92, Review of Clinical Information on Persons Living in or near Oak Ridge, Tennessee (9/92)

1990-95, Health Assessment of the East Tennessee Region, Second Edition (1996)

1990-96, Community Diagnosis Status Reports—Anderson County (1996)

1990-96, Community Diagnosis Status Reports—Roane County (1996) 1994-97, Governor of Tennessee's Independent Panel on the DOE TSCA Incinerator at the East Tennessee Technology Park (1/98)

1995, K1070A-Dye Trace Sampling Project (1996) 1996-present, Off-Site Residential Well Sampling Program (1997-present)

1997, Watts Bar Reservoir Exposure Investigation (3/98)

0 5 0 0 5 0 95 00 42 96 8 9 9 0 19 1950 1955 1 196 197 1975 198 19 19 1 2

In the timeline, "present" refers to the year 2000, when the timeline was developed.

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