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Integrated Assessment of Watershed Health in the Clinch and Powell River System a Report on the Aquatic Ecological Health of the Clinch and Powell River System

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Integrated Assessment of Watershed Health in the Clinch and Powell River System a Report on the Aquatic Ecological Health of the Clinch and Powell River System June 2015 Integrated Assessment of Watershed Health in the Clinch and Powell River System A Report on the Aquatic Ecological Health of the Clinch and Powell River System Prepared for— Prepared by— US Environmental Protection Kimberly Matthews, Michele Eddy, Agency and Phillip Jones (RTI) Healthy Watersheds Program Mark Southerland, Brenda Morgan, William Jefferson Clinton Building and Ginny Rogers (Versar) 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W. RTI International Washington, DC 20460 3040 E. Cornwallis Road Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 RTI Project Number 0213541.004.001.003 Integrated Assessment of Watershed Health in the Clinch and Powell River System June 2015 Prepared by RTI International for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Support for this project was provided by the EPA Healthy Watersheds Program (http://www.epa.gov/healthywatersheds) Disclaimer The information presented in this document is intended to support screening-level assessments of watershed protection priorities and is based on modeled and aggregated data that may have been collected or generated for other purposes. Results should be considered in that context and do not supplant site-specific evidence of watershed health. At times, this document refers to statutory and regulatory provisions, which contain legally binding requirements. This document does not substitute for those provisions or regulations, nor is it a regulation itself. Thus, it does not impose legally binding requirements on EPA, states, authorized tribes, or the public and may not apply to a particular situation based on the circumstances. Reference herein to any specific commercial products, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the U.S. Government. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the U.S. Government and shall not be used for advertising or product endorsement purposes. Cover photo: Clinch River; provided by Brad Kreps (The Nature Conservancy) _________________________________ RTI International is a trade name of Research Triangle Institute. Integrated Assessment of Watershed Health in the Clinch and Powell River System 1 Acknowledgements This document was prepared by RTI under contract with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), Office of Water, Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds. The following individuals are acknowledged for their contributions to project planning, data acquisition, and review of draft materials: • Allen Newman, Virginia Department of Environmental Quality • Angela Watland, The Nature Conservancy • Annette Poore, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers • Beverly Brown, Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation • Bill Wolfe, U.S. Geological Survey • Bill Kittrell, Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries • Brad Kreps, The Nature Conservancy • Braven Beaty, The Nature Conservancy • Brian Evans, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service • Carl Zipper, Virginia Tech • David Duhl, Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation • Ed Ambrogio, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency • Earl Bandy, U.S. Office of Surface Mining • Greg Johnson, U.S. Geological Survey • Ian Dye, U.S. Office of Surface Mining • Jennifer Krstolic, U.S. Geological Survey • Jess Jones, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service • Kelly Miller, Virginia Department of Environmental Quality • Laura Gabanski, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency • Martha Chapman, Virginia Department of Environmental Quality • Martha Podren, Tennessee Valley Authority • Megan Bradley, Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries Integrated Assessment of Watershed Health in the Clinch and Powell River System 2 • Mike Pinder, Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries • Nancy Arazan, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency • Patrick Lizon, Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation • Richard Davis, Virginia Department of Mines, Minerals, and Energy • Rob Lindbom, Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency • Roberta Hylton, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service • Ronald Lambert, The Nature Conservancy • Shannon O'Quinn, Tennessee Valley Authority • Shelley Williams, Alpha Natural Resources • Sherry Wang, Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation • Steve Alexander, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service • Susan Spielberger, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency • Teresa Frazier, Virginia Department of Environmental Quality • Trisha Johnson, The Nature Conservancy • Vivian Doyle, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency • Todd Janeski, Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation The following partners representing local businesses and communities participated in a discussion of the economic importance of the Clinch and Powell River System. • Andrew Gilmer, Clinch River Soil and Water Conservation District • Geoffrey Hensley, Dominion Resources • Jim Baldwin, Cumberland Plateau PDC • Lou Wallace, St. Paul Tomorrow • Walt Crickmer, Gobco LLC • Will Whisenant, Range Resources Integrated Assessment of Watershed Health in the Clinch and Powell River System 3 Table of Contents Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 7 1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 9 1.1 Healthy Watersheds ...................................................................................................................... 9 1.2 Purpose and Objectives of the Assessment .................................................................................. 9 1.3 Clinch and Powell River System .................................................................................................. 10 2. Methods Overview ............................................................................................................................. 12 2.1 Description of the Assessment Process ...................................................................................... 12 2.2 Spatial Framework ...................................................................................................................... 12 2.3 Watershed Health Metrics and Data Sources ............................................................................. 14 2.3.1 Landscape Condition ..................................................................................................... 16 2.3.2 Geomorphic Condition .................................................................................................. 17 2.3.3 Hydrologic Condition ..................................................................................................... 21 2.3.4 Water Quality ................................................................................................................ 24 2.3.5 Biological Condition ....................................................................................................... 25 2.4 Rank Normalization of Metrics ................................................................................................... 26 2.5 Multi-metric Index Development ............................................................................................... 27 2.5.1 Description ..................................................................................................................... 27 2.5.2 Calculations.................................................................................................................... 28 3. Results and Discussion ........................................................................................................................ 30 3.1 Landscape Condition Sub-Index .................................................................................................. 30 3.2 Hydrologic Condition Sub-Index ................................................................................................. 30 3.3 Geomorphic Condition Sub-Index ............................................................................................... 33 3.4 Water Quality Sub-Index ............................................................................................................. 35 3.5 Biological Condition Sub-Index ................................................................................................... 37 3.6 Watershed Health Index ............................................................................................................. 38 3.7 Correlation Analyses ................................................................................................................... 39 4. Assumption and Limitations ............................................................................................................... 41 5. Next Steps and Potential Application of Assessment Maps and Results ............................................ 43 6. References .......................................................................................................................................... 47 Appendices Integrated Assessment of Watershed Health in the Clinch and Powell River System 4 Appendices Appendix A Map Atlas Appendix B Landscape Condition Appendix C Geomorphic Condition Appendix D Hydrologic Modeling Descriptions, Calibration, and Validation Appendix E Water Quality Appendix F Biological Condition Appendix G Data Sources Integrated Assessment of Watershed Health in the Clinch and Powell
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