Pesticide Hemicals Old in Ohio

I I 1977 Pesticide hemicals old in Ohio tF\'(Q'f1 n Cooperative Extension Service ~ The Ohio State Un1vers1!y Pe icide Chemicals Sold in Ohio in 1977 Introduction A major emphasis of the Ohio Pesticide Impact As sessment Program, organized in September 1977 in ac cordance with Federal directives, has been to obtain information on pesticide use in Ohio. In order to pro vide benefits-use data to assist in the continued regis tration of pesticide products necessary to Ohio agricul ture, a more accurate identification of essential uses and quantities of pesticides used becomes a necessity. The major emphasis of the Pesticide Impact Assess ment Program is to provide information for an evalua tion of those pesticide chemicals subject to an RPAR review (Rebuttable Presumption Against Registration) in the EPA registration/re-registration process. The program also provides a good opportunity to obtain use data of all pesticides. Such activities will assist in re moving the information void evident in the past when state personnel were asked for estimates and evalua tions of pesticide uses related to critical needs in Ohio Prepared by the Agricultural production. Ohio Pesticide Impact Assessment Program Dr. Acie C. Waldron, State PIAP Liaison Coordinator Procedures William D. Rogers and Robert l. Curtner, Technical Assistants There are several supplementary procedures, in cluding commodity surveys and review ofrecords, that Ohio Cooperative Extension Service and are currently being utilized in Ohio by the State PIAP to Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center obtain data on pesticide use. One approach was to The Ohio State University extract information from company sales records. This activity required acknowledgement of the need and June 25, 1979 good cooperation from chemical companies, dis tributors and trade organizations. Organizations representative of the Chemical Indus lM try such as the Ohio Pesticide Education Association (OPEA) and the Midwest Agricultural Chemicals Asso Cl in furtherance of Cooperative Extension Work, acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of ciation (MACA) were very cooperative in promoting this Agriculture. Roy M. Kottman, Director of the Cooperative Extension survey. MACA counselled that we contact distributors Service, The Ohio State University. at the county level and offered their support in obtain ing cooperation. OPEA permitted the use of their mem All educational programs and activities conducted by the Ohio bership list for selecting dealers, distributors and com Cooperative Extension Service are available to all potential clientele panies to contact. It became evident early in the process on a nondiscriminatory basis without regard to race, color, national of this data collection after contacting several basic origin, sex or religious affiliation. pesticide chemical manufacturing companies that pes- 2 ticide sales information would not be readily available The quantities of insecticide chemicals sold in Ohio from them because of company trade secrets and that in 1977 are recorded in Table 1. Ten chemicals ac most sales records showed distribution to areas, etc., counted for approximately 92.8 percent of the total rather than separate for the state of Ohio. quantity of insecticides sold in Ohio in 1977, of which It was indicated by one of the major distributors in four appear to constitute 81.2 percent of the market. Ohio that if about 10 specific dealers and/or dis Percent of the total for the 10 chemicals were: tributors were contacted, the data would cover about 90 Carbofuran-50.6, Fonofos-15.4, Carabaryl-8.5, to 95 percent ofthe major agricultural pesticide sales in Terbufos-6.7, Malathion-2.7, Methoxychlor-2.3, Ohio. Information obtained by contacting a multitude of Phosmet-2.2, Phorate-1.6, Chlordane-1.4 and smaller dealers at the county level would likely result Endosulfan-1.4. The remaining 47 chemicals listed in duplication because of the source of their supplies. contributed to the balance of 7.2 percent of the total Distributors and dealers were contacted by letter ini quantity. It was noted that of the 10 leading insecticide tially and arrangements made for a personal contact to chemicals listed above, Carbofuran, Fonofos, Terbufos either copy data from the records or coordinate efforts and Phorate, constituting 74.3 percent ofthe total quan in data extraction with the company personnel. Infor tity reported in the survey, are categorized as soil insec mation was obtained from six of the 10 designated dis ticides with the vast majority of the products being as tributors. Two distributors, one of which was no longer sociated with corn production. Attempts to relate all in business, had earlier moved their operations out of insecticides listed in Table 1 with specific crop use the state of Ohio. Two major distributors, even after would only be speculative. The reader is referred to several personal and telephone contacts, did not re product labels to determine the registered uses and to spond. However, we had successfully contacted five ad other surveys if information on associated crop use is ditional business concerns prior to the effort directed desired. toward the distributors that would account for a Correspondence from a basic chemical manufacturer smaller percentage of the Ohio market. Also, eight estimated that probably 100,000 to 200,000 pounds of major pesticide producers provided some specific in toxaphene would have been used in Ohio in 1977. How formation on company related products or personal ever, the sales records available for this survey only distribution records. It was estimated in consultation accounted for 3,390 pounds of active ingredient. with some of the major distributors that the data ob The pounds of herbicide active ingredient chemicals tained would account for approximately 75 percent of sold in Ohio in 1977 are recorded in Table 2. Of the the total Ohio pesticide market, except perhaps 100 18,882,456 pounds of active ingredient reported 9 chem percent of the market for those where the particular icals accounted for 85.2 percent of the total with pesticide was an exclusive company product and re Alachlor and Atrazine alone accounting for 58 percent. ported by the basic chemical manufacturer. Percent of the total for the nine chemicals were: Members of the Ohio PIAP staff were provided per Alachlor-37 .2, Atrazine-20.8, Cyanazine-5. 7, sonal access to or were mailed a computer print out of Chloramben-4.9, Butylate-4.0, DCPA-3.5, company sales records. Because all individual dealer Cycloate-3.4, Linuron-3.4 and Metribuzin-2.3. The distributor sales information was considered as confi remaining 67 chemicals, ranging from percentages of dential, the only information extracted was the total 2.1 to fractions of 1 percent of the total, contributed to poundage or volume of individual pesticide products the balance of 14.8 percent. sold. From this information and investigation of the Note, however, that herbicide sales amounted to ap labels recorded in Company Label Books or the EPA proximately 9 times the quantity of insecticides. Thus Microfiche of Registered Products, the total quantity of the sale of these remaining 67 individual herbicides, each pesticide active ingredient was calculated. many in greater quantities than the top 10 insecticides, It should be noted that the sales records of some dis except for Carbofuran and Fonofos, accounted for only tributors contacted covered the fiscal year from July 1, a very small percentage of the total herbicide sales. 1976 to June 30, 1977. The time period for distributing Label registrations of the nine herbicides listed above the vast majority of pesticides to be used during a cur indicate that the major use of Atrazine, Cyanazine, and rent growing season covers from October or November Butylate would be on corn. The major uses for Alachlor, of the preceding year until May or June ofthe crop year. Chloramben and Linuron would be for corn and soy Summer purchases are generally only supplementary beans with lesser amounts of Alachlor and Linuron or because of emergency situations and harvest aid used on potatoes. Cycloate would have major use for needs. The companies contacted thus indicated that the sugarbeets; DCPA for soybeans, vegetables and small data obtained were valid for use in the 1977 year. fruits; and Metribuzin for soybeans and potatoes. It could thus be concluded that a vast majority of the total poundage of herbicides used in Ohio are applied for Results weed control in corn and soybeans. Survey data calculated as pounds of pesticide active Table 3 contains the information for fungicide chemi ingredient sold in Ohio are recorded in Tables 1, 2, 3 cals sold in Ohio in 1977. Of the total of 1,150,968 pounds and 4. The quantities recorded are the calculated val of active ingredient reported, three chemicals: ues based upon the actual survey reports and the esti Chlorothalonil (41.2), Mancozeb (17.0, and Sulfur (10.4) mated response or other known factors reported by account for 68.6 percent of the use in Ohio. Another basic manufacturers. Table 5 provides a cross refer three chemicals, Copper including the hydroxide and ence for the common name of pesticides listed in the sulfate (9.8), Captafol (5.2), and Captan (4.9), account for previous tables with other identifying names. Such use 19.9 percent leaving the balance of 11.5 percent to the of Brand or Trade names for identification purposes remaining 22 fungicide chemicals. The major uses of does not constitute any endorsement or promotion of these fungicides in Ohio would be for disease control in the pesticides nor any breach of confidential informa fruit and vegetable crops with minor uses on ornamen tion. Exclusion of some product names does not intend tals. discrimination but is necessitated because of limited Table 4 lists the information for miscellaneous chem· space.

Load more