DANIEL CHAPTER 11, VERSES 7-10 Kingdom of Greece, Verses 3-13

Home , Achaeus (general), Callinicus (Sophist)

Eurergetes, Callinicus, Antiochus Magnus 11:7 But out of a branch [sibling] of her [Bernice] roots [Bernice’s relatives] shall [one] [Bernice’s Verse 7: brother P. III Euergetes (Philadelphus’ eldest son)] Ptolemy Euergetes (king of the south [Berenice’s brother]) stand up [reign] in his [Ptolemy II’s] estate [Egypt], took revenge for his sister’s death. He invaded Seleucus which shall come with an army [BC 247], and shall Callinicus (king of North). Laodice is ruling with her son and helping her son at this time. Callinicus reigned after his enter [BC 246] into the fortress [Syria; the Capital of mother’s (Laodice’s) death.  PREX2 13.1-15; DAR 251.4- the KON was at Babylon] of the king of the north [S. 252.1 II Callinicus & his mother, Laodice of Syria], and shall deal against them [the Syrians], and shall prevail [in 246 B.C., Ptolemy III successfully invaded Syria to take revenge on the death of his sister]:

11:7 But Ptolemy Euergetes, a son of Berenice's father, shall stand up in his estate, which shall come with an army, and shall enter into the fortress of Seleucus Callinicus and his mother, Laodice, and shall deal against them and prevail:

11:8 And shall also carry captives into Egypt their Verse 8: [Egypt’s] gods [P. Euergetes retrieved images of their Eurergetes, King of South, is son of Pt. Philadelphus gods that Cambyses of Persia had taken away], with their princes, [and] with their precious vessels of A sharp campaign. silver and of gold [$30,000 in gold]; and he [P. III The very Egyptian gods Cambyses had stolen out of Eurergetes (died BC 221)] shall continue [more] Egyptian temples many years before. When Ptolemy returned with these, the people named him Euergetes which years than the king of the north [Euregetes outlived means Benefactor. Callinicus (died BC 226) by four or five years].

11:8 And shall also carry captives into Egypt, their Calllinicus, King of North, is son of Laodice gods, with their princes, and with their precious vessels of silver he and of gold; and Ptolemy Euergetes shall continue more years than Seleucus Callinicus. Verse 9 and 10: 11:9 So the king of the south [P. Euergetes] shall Seleucus Ceraunus took throne, ruling first, but he is come into [his] kingdom [S. II Callinicus], and shall murdered (Poisoned or killed BC 223) and Antiochus return into his [P. Euergetes] own land [BC 246- if Magnus is on the scene. Ptolemy had not been recalled into Egypt by a domestic sedition, he would have possessed the whole kingdom of Seleucus].

11:9 So Ptolemy Euergetes shall come into Seleucus Callinicus' kingdom, and shall return into his own land.

11:10 But his [Seleucus II Callinicus’] sons [Seleucus III Ceraunus Soter, 225-223, and Antiochus III Magnus, called “The Great,” 223-187] shall be stirred up, and shall assemble a multitude of great forces: [220 BC- Seleucus III raised a great army to invade

Page DANIEL CHAPTER 11, VERSES 7-10 Kingdom of Greece, Verses 3-13 Egypt, but was assassinated before he could carry out Antiochus recovers Syria and Phoenicia except Sidon. the project] and [one] [Antiochus III Magnus] shall Establishes winter quarters at Ptolemais B.C. 218. certainly come, and overflow, and pass through [in 218 B.C., Antiochus III invaded Palestine/ Egypt]: then shall he [Antiochus III] return, and be stirred up [R.V. “shall war”], [even] to his [Antiochus III’s] fortress [Antiochus III was able to retake Antioch, Syrian Capital city]. 11:10 But Seleucus Callinicus' sons, Seleucus Ceraunus and Antiochus Magnus, shall be stirred up, and shall assemble a multitude of great forces: and Antiochus Magnus shall certainly come, and overflow and pass through: then shall he return and be stirred up, even to his fortress

Verses 7, 8, and 9 “Ptolemy, the eldest son of Philadelphus, succeeded his father on the throne of Egypt, and after a short time took the name of Euergetes. He began his reign with a Syrian war; for no sooner was Philadelphus dead than Antiochus, who had married Berenice only because it was one of the articles of the treaty with Egypt, sent her away together with her young son. Antiochus then recalled his first wife, Laodice, and she, distrusting her changeable husband, had him at once murdered to secure the throne to her own children. Seleucus, the eldest, seized the throne of Syria; and, urged on by his mother, sent a body of men after Berenice, with orders to put her to death, together with her son, who by the articles of marriage had been made heir to the throne. The cities of Asia Minor hastily sent help to the queen and her son, while Ptolemy Euergetes, her brother, who had just come to the throne of Egypt, marched without loss of time into Syria. But it was too late to save them; they were both put to death by the soldiers of Seleucus. Many of the cities, moved by hatred of their king's cruelty, opened their gates to the army of Euergetes; and, had he not been recalled to Egypt by troubles at home, he would soon have been master of the whole of the kingdom of Seleucus. As it was, he had marched beyond the Euphrates, had left an Egyptian army in Seleucia the capital of Syria, and had gained a large part of Asia Minor. On his march homeward, he laid his gifts upon the altar in the temple of Jerusalem, and there returned thanks to heaven for his victories. He had been taught to bow the knee to the crowds of Greek and Egyptian gods; and, as Palestine was part of his kingdom, it seemed quite natural to add the god of the Jews to the list."—H. H. v. 4. p. 570-571.

An interesting event in connection with these verses is found in “Empires of Prophecy," p. 209, which follows:

Par 26. Before Ptolemy had started on this great expedition, his wife, who was also named Berenice, being solicitous for his welfare and safe return, vowed that if he should return safely, she would consecrate her hair to the gods in one of the chief temples of the country. When he did return so triumphantly, she did according to her vow. Not long afterward, however, the hair was by accident or theft lost from the temple; at which Ptolemy was so greatly offended that the priests were in danger of being punished. But there happened to be just then at the 'king's court a certain "Conon of Samos, an artful courtier and also a mathematician," who "took it upon him to affirm that the locks of the queen's hair had been conveyed to heaven; and he pointed out seven stars near the lion's tail, which till then had never been part of any constellation, declaring at the same time that those were the hair of Berenice. Several other astronomers, either to make their court as well as Conon or that they might

not draw upon themselves the displeasure of Ptolemy, gave those stars the same name [Coma Berenices], which is still used to this day."—Rollin. 2

Page DANIEL CHAPTER 11, VERSES 7-10 Kingdom of Greece, Verses 3-13 “Thus the heavens to-day bear testimony to the faithfulness of the word of God; for that constellation—Coma Berenices—bears its name from this incident of the hair of Berenice, This incident of the hair of Berenice, grew out of that vow of Berenice for the return of her husband from his expedition against the king of the north. And that expedition of his against the king of the north with its victorious return was recorded in the Scripture two hundred and eighty-eight years before it occurred. 'The name Coma Berenices applied to a constellation, commemorates this incident.' " See Encyclopedia Britannica, latest edition, art., Berenice I. {“The Eleventh of Daniel Narrated” pg. 14-15 by J. Grant Lamson 1909; archive from G.C. Library}

Ptolemy Euergetes, a son of Berenice’s father, shall stand up in his estate… Antiochus, Berenice, and attendants all murdered BC 246 Callinicus had a brother Antiochus Hierax (the Hawk) who had command of a large army in Asia Minor. He was a traitor to his brother. Against them and shall prevail- Historians’ History of the World v.4 p.571

Verse 10 Seleucus Callinicus had two sons as mentioned in the narrative. The older first succeeded to the throne, reigned three years, and then the younger entered the prophetic field as the "one" who should overflow and pass through. We again offer the account found on page 557 of Historian's History of the World, Vol. IV.

"The son and successor of Seleucus, who bore the same name as his father with the surname of 'the thunderbolt' (Ceraunus), entered on the heritage of the kingdom and the war with Attalus, but after a reign of three years met his death in battle at the hands of Nicanor and the Galatian captain Apaturius. The Syrian army then bestowed the crown upon his younger brother, Antiochus III. He, being occupied with the eastern provinces, delegated the conduct of the war in Asia Minor to his maternal uncle Achaeus. They both fought with good fortune and success. While the king led an expedition into Media and Persia, defeated the rebellious satraps Molon and Alexander in the field and constrained them to commit suicide, and compelled the Bactrians, Parthians, and Indians to acknowledge the suzerainty of the Syrian king, Achaeus drove his adversary Attalus back over the frontiers of his own principality, pressed hard upon him in his own capital, and, by a policy of mingled conciliation and coercion, prevailed upon the Greek cities of the western coast to submit to annexation. But, rendered presumptuous by success, he next attempted to set up an independent kingdom in Asia Minor, and thus again prevented the complete restoration of the Seleucid dominion. Antiochus, involved in a fresh war with Egypt, from which country he was scheming to wrest the intermediate Syrian territory of the Lebanon, was obliged to let his uncle have a free hand for a while. But he had hardly concluded peace with Ptolemy after the disastrous battle of Raphia in the ancient country of the Philistines, and abandoned his claim to the Syrian coast, before he took the field against the traitorous Achaeus. The latter, deserted by most of his troops, took refuge in the fortified city of Sardis, where he was closely besieged by Antiochus, and, having been treacherously betrayed into his hands, was put to a painful death."

So here Antiochus the Great (Magnus) passed through. But he was "to return and be stirred up even to his fortress," i. e. he was to return to his fortress and be stirred up. After the conquest in Asia Minor of his uncle and the capture of Sardis, Antiochus returned to his capital. The flattery of the history writers of his day who bestowed the title "Great," "stirred" Antiochus to an effort to restore the kingdom to its former size and glory and so, “For this purpose he undertook an adventurous campaign of several years' duration in eastern Iran and India, constrained the revolting princes and states to do homage to him, and extorted a recognition (more apparent than real) of Syrian supremacy."

—Idem. p. 558. But the stirring up here referred to is not the only one in the verse. There was to be a stirring up which was to be 3

manifested in the assembling of "a multitude of great forces." In the paragraph above quoted it is stated that Page DANIEL CHAPTER 11, VERSES 7-10 Kingdom of Greece, Verses 3-13 "Antiochus, involved in a fresh war with Egypt," etc. It was for the waging of this war that the multitude of great forces was assembled, for we read, "Antiochus the Great, who at this time ruled in Syria, perceiving the disorder and licentiousness which prevailed in the court of Egypt, thought it a favorable time to declare war against that country."—Idem p. 572 {“The Eleventh of Daniel Narrated” pg. 17-19 by J. Grant Lamson 1909; archive from G.C. Library}

Euergetes Callinicus

Magnus

Page DANIEL CHAPTER 11, VERSES 7-10 Kingdom of Greece, Verses 3-13 Notes, Verse 7

Her root Her is referring to Berenice; Root is referring to her relatives

Shall one stand up in his estate = Berenice’s brother Ptolemy Euergetes He is Philadelphus’ eldest son Ptolemy Euergetes took revenge for his sister’s death. He invaded Seleucus Callinicus, who reigned after his mother’s (Laodice’s) death See  PREX2 13.1-15; DAR 251.4-252.1

PREX2 13.1-15 "But such wickedness should not pass unpunished and unrevenged. Verses 7, 8, 9: 'But out of a branch of her root shall one stand up in his estate', or rather as it is translated in the vulgar Latin, 'out of a branch of her root shall stand up a plant; and he shall come with an army, and shall enter into the fortress,' or the fenced cities, 'of the king of the north, and shall deal', shall act, 'against them, and shall prevail; and shall also carry captives into Egypt their gods, with their princes,' or rather 'their gods, with their molten images, and with their precious vessels of silver and of gold; and he shall continue more years than the king of the north,' or more literally, he shall continue some years after the king of the north. 'So the king of the south shall come into his kingdom, and shall return into his own land.' This branch which sprung out of the same root with Berenice, was Ptolemy Euergetes, her brother, who no sooner succeeded his father, Ptolemy Philadelphus, in the kingdom, than he came with a great army, and entered into the provinces of the king of the north, that is, of Seleucus Callinicus, who with his mother, Laodice, reigned in Syria: and he acted against them, and prevailed so far, that he took Syria and Cilicia, and the upper parts beyond the Euphrates, and almost all Asia. And when he had heard that a sedition was raised in Egypt, he plundered the kingdom of Seleucus, and took forty thousand talents of silver and precious vessels, and images of the gods, two thousand and five hundred: among which were also those which Cambyses, after he had taken Egypt, had carried into Persia. And for thus restoring their gods, after many years, the Egyptians, who were a nation much addicted to idolatry, complimented him with the title of Euergetes, or the benefactor. This is Jerome's account, extracted from ancient historians; but there are authors still extant, who confirm several of the same particulars. Appian informs us, that Laodice having killed Antiochus, and after him both Berenice and her child, Ptolemy, the son of Philadelphus, to revenge these murders, invaded Syria, slew Laodice, and proceeded as far as to Babylon. From Polybius, we learn that Ptolemy, surnamed Euergetes, being greatly incensed at the cruel treatment of his sister, Berenice, marched with an army into Syria, and took the city of Seleucia, which was kept for some years afterwards by the garrisons of the kings of Egypt. Thus did he enter into the fortress of the king of the north. Polyænus affirms that Ptolemy made himself master of all the country from mount Taurus, as far as to India, without war or battle; but he ascribes it, by mistake, to the father instead of the son. Justin asserts, that if Ptolemy had not been recalled, by a domestic sedition, into Egypt, he would have possessed the whole kingdom of Seleucus. So the king of the south came into the kingdom of the north, and then, returned into his own land. He likewise continued more years than the king of the north; for Seleucus Callinicus died in exile, of a fall from his horse, and Ptolemy Euergetes survived him about four or five years. {1842 JoL, PREX2 13.1} "But his sons, that is, the sons of the king of the north, should endeavor to vindicate and avenge the cause of their father and their country. Verse 10: 'But his sons shall be stirred up, and shall assemble a multitude of great forces; and one shall certainly come, and, overflow, and pass through; then shall he return, and be stirred up, even to his fortress.' The sons of Seleucus Callinicus were Seleucus and Antiochus; the elder of whom, Seleucus, succeeded him in the throne, and to distinguish him from others of the same name, he was denominated Ceraunus, or the thunderer. Where, by the way, one cannot help observing the ridiculous vanity of princes in assuming or receiving such pompous appellations without deserving them. Seleucus, the father, was surnamed Callinicus, or the famous conqueror, though he was so far from gaining any considerable victory, that he was shamefully beaten by the Egyptians in the west, and was made a prisoner by the Parthians in the east. In like manner Seleucus, the son, was called Ceraunus, or the

thunderer, though he was so far from performing anything worthy of the name, that he was a poor and weak prince in

all respects, in mind and 5

Page DANIEL CHAPTER 11, VERSES 7-10 Kingdom of Greece, Verses 3-13 body and estate. Great and splendid titles, when improperly applied, are rather a satire and insult upon the persons, than any honor or commendation. Seleucus Ceraunus was indeed stirred up, and assembled a multitude of great forces, in order to recover his father's dominions: but being destitute of money, and unable to keep his army in obedience, he was poisoned by two of his generals, after an inglorious reign of two or three years. Upon his decease, his brother, Antiochus Magnus was proclaimed king, who was more deserving of the title of great, than Seleucus was of that of the thunderer. The prophet's expression is very remarkable, that his sons should be stirred up and assemble a multitude of great forces; but then the number is changed, and only one should certainly come, and overflow, and pass through. Accordingly, Antiochus came with a great army, retook Seleucia, and, by the means of Theodotus the Ætolian, recovered Syria, making himself master of some places by treaty, and of others by force of arms. Then, after a truce, wherein both sides treated of peace hut prepared for war, Antiochus returned, and overcame in battle Nicolaus, the Egyptian general, and had thoughts of invading Egypt itself. {1842 JoL, PREX2 15.1}

DAR 251.4-252.1 "VERSE 7. But out of a branch of her roots shall one stand up in his estate, which shall come with an army, and shall enter into the fortress of the king of the north, and shall deal against them, and shall prevail: 8. And shall also carry captives into Egypt their gods, with their princes, and with their precious vessels of silver and of gold; and he shall continue more years than the king of the north. 9. So the king of the south shall come into his kingdom, and shall return into his own land." {1897 UrS, DAR 251.4} This branch out of the same root with Berenice was her brother, Ptolemy Euergetes. He had no sooner succeeded his father, Ptolemy Philadelphus, in the kingdom of Egypt, than, burning to avenge the death of his sister, Berenice, he raised an immense army, and invaded the territory of the king of the north, that is, of Seleucus Callinicus, who, with his mother, Laodice, reigned in Syria. And he prevailed against them, even to the conquering of Syria, Cilicia, the upper parts beyond the Euphrates, and almost all Asia. But hearing that a sedition was raised in Egypt requiring his return home, he plundered the kingdom of Seleucus, took forty thousand talents of silver and precious vessels, and two thousand five hundred images of the gods. Among these were the images which Cambyses had formerly taken from Egypt and carried into Persia. The Egyptians, being wholly given to idolatry, bestowed upon Ptolemy the title of Euergetes, or the Benefactor, as a compliment for his having thus, after many years, restored their captive gods. {1897 UrS, DAR 251.5} his, according to Bishop Newton, is Jerome's account, extracted from ancient historians, but there are authors still extant, he says, who confirm several of the same particulars. Appian informs us that Laodice having killed Antiochus, and after him both Berenice and her child, Ptolemy, the son of Philadelphus, to revenge those murders, invaded Syria, slew Laodice, and proceeded as far as Babylon. From Polybius we learn that Ptolemy, surnamed Euergetes, being greatly incensed at the cruel treatment of his sister, Berenice, marched with an army into Syria, and took the city of Seleucia, which was kept for some years afterward by garrisons of the kings of Egypt. Thus did he enter into the fortress of the king of the north. Polyaenus affirms that Ptolemy made himself master of all the country from Mount Taurus as far as to India, without war or battle; but he ascribes it by mistake to the father instead of the son. Justin asserts that if Ptolemy had not been recalled into Egypt by a domestic sedition, he would have possessed the whole kingdom of Seleucus. The king of the south thus came into the dominion of the king of the north, and returned to his own land, as the prophet had foretold. And he also continued more years than the king of the north; for Seleucus Callinicus died in exile, of a fall from his horse; and Ptolemy Euergetes survived him for four or five years. {1897 UrS, DAR 252.1}

Notes Verse 10

Magnus, the younger son, was stronger than his older brother and took the throne in the course of a few years. About this time Pt. Philopater took the throne in Egypt. Philopater died from intemperance and debauchery.

His sons

His sons = Seleucus Callinicus’ sons*

He had 2 sons 6 1. Seleucus Ceraunus

Page DANIEL CHAPTER 11, VERSES 7-10 Kingdom of Greece, Verses 3-13 First took the throne Reigned 2-3 years Was poisoned by 2 of his generals

2. Antiochus Magnus Considered the “more capable” brother

One shall certainly pass over One = Antiochus Magnus Pass Over = to invade and conquer

“Seleucus Ceraunus and Antiochus Magnus. These both entered with zeal upon the work of vindicating and avenging the cause of their father and their country. The elder of these, Seleucus, first took the throne. He assembled a great multitude to recover his father's dominions; but being a weak and pusillanimous prince, both in body and estate, destitute of money, and unable to keep his army in obedience, he was poisoned by two of his generals after an inglorious reign of two or three years. His more capable brother, Antiochus Magnus, was thereupon proclaimed king, who, taking charge of the army, retook Seleucia and recovered Syria, making himself master of some places by treaty, and of others by force of arms. A truce followed, wherein both sides treated for peace, yet prepared for war; after which Antiochus returned and overcame in battle Nicolas, the Egyptian general, and had thoughts of invading Egypt itself. Here is the "one" who should certainly overflow and pass through.” {1897 UrS, DAR 253.2}