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Index

Absolutism, 10–11, 54, 152, 183, Addled Parliament, 161 202, 244 Admonition to Parliament, 9 Act for the Burning of Heretics, 94 Agincourt, Battle of, 41–2 Act in Restraint of Appeals Amicable Grant, 71–2 (1533), 78 An Agreement of the People, 225 Act in Restraint of Appeals (1533), Ancient Constitution, 11–16, 79, 118 36, 54, 160, 183, 198, 219 Act of Indemnity and Oblivion Anglo-Dutch War, First, 234; (1660), 242 Second, 245 Act of Supremacy (1534), 79–80 Anna of Denmark (Queen of Act of Supremacy (1559), 119 ), 149, 158 Act of the Six Articles (1539), , 84 83–4, 94 Arminianism, 198–202, 205 Act of the Ten Articles (1536), 83 Arminius, Jacobus, 198 Act of Uniformity (1549), 98 Army Plot, 206 Act of Uniformity (1552), 105, 108 Arthur, Prince of , 62; Act of UniformityCOPYRIGHTED (1559), 119 marriage MATERIAL to Katherine of Act of Uniformity (1662), 243 Aragon, 76

A Short History of Early Modern England: British Literature in Context, First Edition. Peter C. Herman. © 2011 Peter C. Herman. Published 2011 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

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Ascham, Roger, 104 Camden, William, 140 Aylmer, Bishop John Carleton, Sir Dudley, 187 Carr, Robert, Earl of Somerset, Babington Plot, 126 164–5 Bacon, Sir Francis, 141, 166, 170, Case of Ship Money (Hampden’s 172–3 Case), 197–8 Bale, John, 8 Catesby, Robert, 156 Ball, John, 32 Catherine de Medici, 126 Barbone, Praisegod, 235 , 245 Barebone’s Parliament Catherine of Valois, 42, 43 (Nominated Assembly), Catholicism, 15; definition 235–7 of, 72–5 Bargrave, Isaac, 189 “Cavaliers,” definition of, 216 Barton Elizabeth (Maid of Kent), 80 Cavalier Parliament, 242–4 Bate’s Case, 159–62 Caxton, William, 2, 4 Bishops’ Wars, First, 202–03; Cecil, Robert, Earl of Salisbury, 140, Second, 203 141, 145, 151, 159, 160 Blount, Charles, Lord Mountjoy, Cecil, William, Lord Burghley, 3, 138 117, 121, 131, 140 Blount, Elizabeth, 76 Chantries Act (1549), 98 Blount, William, Lord Mountjoy, Chapman, George, 165 65, 67 Charles I, 10, 17, 149, 165, Boleyn, Anne, 75–9 170, 171, 181–230; contrast Bolingbroke, (later Henry with James VI/I, 182; and IV), 33–6 absolutism, 183–4, 187–90; Book of Common Prayer (1548), 98 marriage to Henrietta Book of Common Prayer (1552), 105, Maria, 184–5; foreign policy, 108, 119 185–6; and Petition of Right, Bosworth Field, Battle of, 51 191–3; and Personal Rule, Browne, Robert, 143, 174 194–8; nature of court, Brownists, 143, 221 195–6; and religion, 198–202; Buckingham, Duke of; see Villiers, and Ireland, 206; trial George and execution, 228–30 Burghley, Lord; see Cecil, William Charles II, 169, 195, 232–3, Butler, James, Duke of Ormond, 240; restored as monarch, 231 240; of, 241–7; sexuality of court, 244–5; death of, 246 Cade, John (Jack), 45, 54 Charles V, 69, 70, 77, 82, 107, 129 Calvin, Jean, 73, 198 Charles IX, 132

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Chaucer, Geoffrey, 4, 33 de Toledo, Fernando Alvarez, Duke Cheke, Sir John, 104 of Alva, 129 Civil Wars, 203–04, 214–40; Declaration of Breda, 240, 242 beginning of, 208; historiography Declaration of Indulgence, 244 of, 214–16; First Civil War, Dekker, Thomas, 7, 145 216–23; Second Civil War, 227–8 Deloney, Thomas, 6 Clarendon Code, 243 DeSpes, Guerau, 129 Clarendon, Earl of; see Hyde, Devereaux, Robert, second Earl of Edward Essex, 132, 140–2 Clement VII, 77 Devereaux, Robert, third Earl of Clinton, Theophilus, Earl of Essex, 205, 208, 216–17 Lincoln, 189 Devereaux, Walter, Earl of Essex, Coke, John, 191 28, 132, 137 Coke, Sir Edward, 141, 156, 161, Diggers, 204, 226 170, 191, 192 Directory of Public Worship, 220 Colet, John, 68 Dissenters, 243 Conventicle Act (1664), 243 Dissolution of the monasteries, 80 Copernicus, Nicolaeus, 172 Dodderidge, Justice John, 190 Corporation Act (1661), 243 Donne John, 6, 158, 162, 172 Coverdale Bible, 73, 83 Dowland, John, 158 Cranfield, Lionel, Earl of Drake, Sir Francis, 128 Middlesex, 166, 171, 195 Drayton, Michael, 4 Cranmer, Archbishop Thomas, 77, Drogheda, 231 79, 98, 105, 109 Dryden, John, 246 Crisis of the 1590s, 142–5 Dudley, Edmund, 63, 67 Cromwell, Richard, 240 Dudley, John, Duke of Cromwell, Thomas, 77, 79–81, 84, Northumberland, 103–06, 119 85, 219–23, 226, 234, 235, 242; Dudley, Robert, Earl of Leicester, and Ireland, 231–2; 121–2, 127, 130, 134–5, 138, and Scotland, 232; on 140–2 the Irish, 233; and Protectorate, 237–40; and monarchy, 237–8; Early English Books Online, 204 death of, 240 “Early Modern,” definition of, 1–2 Daniel, Samuel, 28, 158 Edgehill, Battle of, 217 Darnley, Lord; see Stewart, Henry Edict of , 138 Davenant, William, 165 Edward III, 31 de la Pole, Edmund, 61 Edward IV, 5, 47, 48–50, 53, de Silva, Guzman, 129 59, 133

254

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Edward VI, 6, 82, 85, 93–106 Episcopacy, definition, 119–20 Edward of Westminster, Prince of Erasmus, Desiderius, 65–7 Wales, 46–9 Essex, Earl; see Devereaux, Walter, Eikon Basilike, 230–1 Essex, second Earl of; see , 8, 21, 28, 29, 79, 87, 104; Devereaux, Robert; second Earl 107, 151, 183, 198; imprisoned by of Essex Queen Mary, 107; and misogyny, Essex, third Earl of; see Devereaux, 117–18; and , Robert, third Earl of Essex 118–22; and marriage, 122, Etheridge, Geroge, 246 133–6; policy towards France and Scotland, 123–7; foreign policy Fairfax, Sir Thomas, 222, 232 toward Spain and the Fawkes, Guy, 156 Netherlands, 127–31; and Lord Ferdinand of Aragon, King of Robert Dudley, 134–5; and Spain, 62 François, Duke of Anjou, 135–6; Ferdinand, , and Essex, 141–2; final years, 169 145; “Much suspected by me,” Field of the Cloth of Gold, 70 107; Adamus Loquitur, 125; Fielding, Henry, 246 Armada Hymn, 137; Tilbury Fiennes, William, Viscount of Saye Speech, 139 and Sele, 205, 221 (wife of Henry Fifth Monarchists, 235, 236, 242 VII), 51, 59, 62 Fisher, Bishop John, 77 Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia, Fitzalan, Henry, Earl of Arundel, (James VI/I’s daughter), 149, 106 168–9, 185, 216; grandmother of Fitzroy, Henry, 76 George I, 247 Five Knights’ Case, 190 Elizabethan Settlement, 119–22, 158 Five Mile Act (1665), 243 Ellwood, Thomas, 243–4 Flodden Field, Battle of, 69 Empson, Sir Richard, 63, 67 Forced Loan, 188–90 Enclosure Movement, 18, 100–02 Form of Apology and Satisfaction, 161 England, geographical definition, Fortescue, Sir John, 11–12, 191 2; population, 3; family life, 3–4; Forty-Two Articles (1553), 105 life expectancy and infant Foxe, John, 108, 118 mortality, 4; religious divisions, France, 69–70, 86, 110, 116, 119, 8–9; government, 9–16; social 123–4, 126–7, 137–8 organization, 16–17; state of after François I, 69 Henry VIII’s death, 92–3; state François II, 95, 116, 124 of upon Elizabeth’s accession, François, Duke of Anjou and 115–17; and slave trade, 128 Alençon, 134

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Frederick V, Elector of Palatine and Harrison, William, 16–17, 20, 215 King of Bohemia, 168–9 Hatton, Sir Christopher, 131–2, 140 Frith, John, 74 Hawkins, Sir John, 128 Frobisher, Sir Martin, 128 Haywood, John, 28 Heath, Attorney-General Robert, 190 Galileo, 172 Henri II, 124 Gardiner, Bishop Stephen, 108 Henri III, 134, 137 Gardiner, Samuel Rawson, 209 Henri IV, 127, 137 Garnett, Henry, 157 (Queen of Geneva Bible, 73 England), 184–5, 201, 208 George I, 169, 247 Henry IV, 37–40, 53 George, Duke of Clarence, 48 , 40–2, 68 Glendower, Own, 38 Henry VI, 42–9 Goodman, Christopher, 108, 109 Henry VII, 49, 51, 59–67; and Gower, John, 35 Yorkist challenges, 59–61; Grand Remonstrance (1641), 207 personal misfortunes, 62–3; Great Contract, 160 death of, 67 Great Fire of , 245 Henry VIII, 17, 27, 43, 62, 63, 66, Greenblatt, Stephen J., 68 67–87, 118, 133, 142, 198; Grey, Arthur, Baron Grey of Wilton, celebrations at accession, 67–8; 133, 138–9 marriage to Katherine of Aragon, Grey, Lady Jane, 106–07 63; lack of interest in details, Grindal, Archbishop Edmund, 122 70–1; decision to oppose Gunpowder Plot, 155–7; and Lutheranism, 75; problem of literature, 156–7 marriage to brother’s widow, Gutenberg, Johannes, 4 76–7; Assertion of the Seven Sacraments, 75; divorce of Hales, Sir John, 101 Katherine of Aragon, 75–8; Hall, Edward, 27, 36–7, 53, 67–9, marital record, 76 (box); and split 83, 84, 94 from Rome, 78; marriage to: Hampden, John, 197, 205 , 79; , Hampden’s Case (Case of Ship 82; Anne of Cleves, 84; Katherine Money), 197–8 Howard, 84–5; Katherine Parr, Hampton Court Conference, 86–7; invasion of Scotland 154–5 (“”), 85–6; Harington, Sir John, 141, 152, 163, invasion of France, 86; will, line 164 of succession, 93 Harrison, Major-General Thomas, Henry, , 149, 235, 242 166–7

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Hepburn, James, Lord Bothwell, Ireland, 2, 119, 131–3, 138–9, 125–6 168, 205–06, 219, 231–2; the Pale, Herbert, George, 8, 201 2, 131 Heywood, Thomas, 28 Ireton, Colonel Henry, 225–6, High Commission, court of, 200, 242 205 Hill, Christopher, 209, 214–15 James II, 195, 246–7 Hilliard, Nicholas, 139 James IV of Scotland, 30, 62, 123 Hobbes, Thomas, 4, 204, 240 James V, 85, 123–4 Holinshed’s Chronicles, 28, 47, 59 James VI/I, 8, 10, 29, 75, 125, 134, Holles, Denzil, 205, 217–18, 223–4, 142, 145, 149–74, 183–4, 198; 228 ends war with Spain, 153–4; and Holy Roman Empire, 69–70 absolutism, 152, 160–1; religion, Homily against Disobedience and 154–5, 157–8; dissolute court of, Willful Rebellion, 10, 54 163; and royal finances, 158–60; Homily on Obedience, 16, 54, 143 foreign policy, 167–72; and Homily on the State of Matrimony, Ireland, 168; True Law of Free 20–1 Monarchies, 10–11, 150; Basilicon Hooke, Robert, 246 Doron, 150 Hotspur; see Percy, Henry Jamestown, 173 Howard, Henry, Earl of Surrey, 87 , 43–4 Howard, Katherine, 83–5 , 33 Howard, Thomas, fourth Duke of Jones, Inigo, 158, 163, 166 Norfolk, 130 Jonson, Ben, 156, 158, 163, 166 Howard, Thomas, third Duke of Norfolk, 19, 83, 85, 87 Katherine of Aragon, 62, 75–8 Huguenots, 126 Kett, Robert, 18 Humanism, 63–7 Kett’s Rebellion, 99–103 Humphrey, , 43 King James Bible, 73, 155 Hutchinson, Lucy, 182 Knox, John, 117–18, 124 Hyde, Edward, Earl of Clarendon, 243, 245 L’Estrange, Roger, 243 La Rochelle, 186, 190–1 Iconoclasm, 83, 97–8 Lambarde, William, 28, 142 Independents, 221, 223 Lambert, Major-General John, Inflation, 18 235–7 Injunctions (1547), 97–8 Latimer, Bishop Hugh, 109 Instrument of Government, 237 Laud, Archbishop William, 199–202; Interregnum, 230–41 trial and execution, 222–3

257

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Leicester, Earl of; see Dudley, Milton, John, 4, 8, 204, 230–1, 237, Robert 241–2, 246; Areopagitica, 199, Levellers, 223–6 222; Eikonoklastes, 230–1; “In Licensing (censorship), 5–6, 233 Quintum Novembris,” 157; Licensing Act (1662), 243 Lycidas, 201; “On the New Lilburne, John, 233–4 Forcers of Conscience,” 223; Literacy, 6–8 Paradise Lost, 9, 172, 199, 244; Long Parliament, 203–09 Ready and Easy Way to Establish a Lords Appellant, 33, 34, 36 free Commonwealth, 14, 240–1; Lords of the Congregation, 124 Reason of Church Government, 208; Ludford Bridge, Battle of, 46 Samson Agonistes, 9; Tenure of Luther, Martin, 65, 73–4 Kings and Magistrates, 230 Lutheranism, 72–3 Milton, John, Sr., 189 Lydgate, John, 4 Mock, General George, 240, 242 More, Sir Thomas, 4, 65–6, 68–9, Machiavelli, Niccolo, 64–5 74, 80; History of Richard III, 50; Magna Carta, 15, 190, 191 Utopia, 51–2, 66–7 Major-Generals, rule of, 238–9 Mortimer, Sir Edmund, 39 Manning, Brian, 215 Mortimer’s Cross, Battle of, 47 Manwaring, Roger, 189 Mowbray, Thomas, 34–5 (Henry VI’s wife), 44, 46–9 Naseby, Battle of, 222 (Henry VIII’s National Covenant, 202, 205 sister, 105), 29–30, 62, 123 Navigation Act (1651), 234, 239, 245 Marprelate Tracts, 143, 221 Nayler, James, 233 Marston Moor, Battle of, 220, 222 Nedham, Marchamont, 236–7, 245 Marvell, Andrew, 242, 243; “An Netherlands, 129–31, 138 Horation Ode upon Cromwell’s Neville Richard, Earl of Warwick, 48 Return from Ireland,” 232 “New Counsels,” 188 Mary of Guise, 85, 117, 123–4 New Model Army, 222, 224, 227 Mary Tudor, Queen, 14, 21, 75, 81, Nine Years War, 138–9 105, 106–110, 117, 118, 123, 133 Ninety-Five Theses, 74 Mary, Queen of Scots, 85, 95, 116, Nonconformists, 243 123–6, 128, 130, 132, 134, 136 Norfolk, third Duke of; see Masque, 163 Howard, Thomas, third Duke of Mayflower, 174 Norfolk Middleton, Thomas, 171 Norfolk, fourth Duke of; see Militia Act, 1641, 207 Howard, Thomas, fourth Duke Millenary Petition, 154 of Norfolk

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Norfolk Libel, 143–4 Plantation of Ulster, 168, 206 Northampton, Battle of, 47 Pole, Cardinal Reginald, 109 Northern Rebellion 130 Ponet, John, 14, 108, 109 Northumberland, Duke of; see Pope, Alexander, 246 Dudley, John Praemunire, Statute of, 77–8 Northumberland, Earl of; see Presbyterian Church, definition, 121 Percy, Henry Presbyterians (Civil Wars group), 221, 223, 224, 227, 234–5 O’Neill, Hugh, Earl of Tyrone, 138, Pride, Thomas, Colonel, then 168 Major-General, 227–8, 239 O’Neill, Shane, 132 Pride’s Purge, 227–8, 239 Ormond, Duke of; see Butler, James Printing press, 5–6 Overbury Affair, 164–5 Protectorate, Cromwellian, 204, Oxfordshire Rebellion, 144 237–40 Protestantism, 15; definition of, Paget, Sir William, 93–4, 100, 103, 72–5 104 Prynne, William, 200, 227–8 Palmer, Barbara, 245 Purgatory, 73–4 1626 Parliament, 186–8 “Puritan,” definition of, 120–1 1628 Parliament, 191–3 Putney Debates, 225–7 Parr, Katherine, 86–7, 95–6 Pym, John, 203, 205, 207, 208, 218 Paul IV, 123 Peasant’s Revolt, 32 Quaker Act (1662), 243 Penruddock’s Rising, 239 Quakers, 226 Percy, Henry, Earl of Northumberland (Hotspur), Rainsborough, Colonel Thomas, 38–40 225–6 Personal Rule, 194–8 Ralegh, Sir Walter, 140 Petition of Right, 190, 191–3, 196 Randolph, Thomas, 125 Petrarca, Francesco (Petrarch), 64 Ranters, 204, 226, 233 Phelips, Sir Edward, 13 Remonstrants, 198 Philip II of Spain, 107, 110, 123, 128, Resistance theory, 108 129, 130, 133, 136, 137 Restoration of monarchy, 240 Philip IV of Spain, 196 Revenger’s Tragedy, 162 Pilgrimage of Grace, 82–3, 102 Revisionism, 152–3 Pinkie, Battle of, 95 Richard II, 14–15, 31–7 Pius V, 130 Richard III, 49–51, 53, 94 Plantagenet, Richard; Duke of York, Richard, Duke of Gloucester 45–7, 54 (later Richard III), 47, 49

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Richardson, Samuel, 246 Scotland, 95; sympathy for poor, Ridley, Bishop Nicholas, 109 102–03, 105 Ridolfi Plot, 130 Seymour, Sir Thomas, 86, 94–7; and Robsart, Amy, 134 Elizabeth, 96 Root and Branch Petition, 205 Shakespeare, William, 4, 19, 29; 1 Roper, William, 68 Henry IV, 27, 29, 38, 139, 144–5; Rough Wooing, 85–6, 95 1–3 Henry VI, 27, 29, 45, 47; 2 “Roundheads,” definition of, 216 Henry IV, 27, 40, 51; Henry V, 27, Royal Society, 245–6 41; King Lear, 9, 117, 162; A Rubens, Peter Paul, 196 Midsummer Night’s Dream, 143; Rump Parliament, 228–35; Macbeth, 156; Richard II, 11, 12, 27, recalled, 240 35–6; Richard III, 49; Romeo and Rupert, Prince and Count Palatine Juliet, 3–4; Sonnets, 6; The of the Rhine, Duke of Tempest, 30, 162 Cumberland, 216–17 Sharpe, Kevin, 215 Ship Money, 196–8, 205, 219 Sackville, Thomas, Earl of Shore, Jane, 4 Dorset, 159 Short Parliament, 203 Saint Bartholomew’s Day Shrewesbury, Battle of, 40 Massacre, 109 Sibthorpe, Robert, 189 Salisbury, Earl of; see Cecil, Sidney, Sir Henry, 132 Robert Sidney, Sir Philip, 6, 54, 67, 132, Saye and Sele, Viscount of; see 135–6 Fiennes, William Sidney, Sir Robert, 145 Scotland, 2, 85–6, 95, 116, 119, Simnel, Lambert, 61 123–6, 219, 231–3; English view Skelton, John, 66, 71 of, 151 Smith, Sir Thomas, 14, 20 Scott, Sir Walter Smith, Sir Thomas, 173 Scribal circulation, 6 Social mobility, 18–19 Scrope, Richard, Archbishop of Society of Friends, 226 York, 40 Solemn League and Covenant, 219 Selden, John, 15 Somerset, Earl of; see Carr, Robert Self-Denying Ordinance (1645), 222 Spain, 63, 119, 127–30, 143–54, 171; Selimus, Emperor of the Turks, attempt to invade England, [Robert Greene], 9 136–7 Separatists, 143, 221 Spanish Armada, 127–8, 136, 139 Seymour, Jane, 81 Spenser, Edmund, 8, 133, 140 Seymour, Sir Edward, Duke of St. Albans, First Battle of, 46 Somerset, 19–20, 86, 93–104; and St. Albans, Second Battle of, 47

260

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St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre, Tyacke, Nicholas, 215 127 Tyler, Wat, 32 St. John, Oliver, 221 Tyndale, William, 73, 121; New Star Chamber, court of, 200, 204, Testament and Pentateuch, 73, 205 83; Obedience of the Christian Man, Steere, Bartholomew, 144 74–5 Stewart, Henry, Lord Darnley, 125 Stone, Lawrence, 215 Underdown, David, 215–16 Strafford, Earl of; see Wentworth, Union of England and Scotland, Thomas, Earl of Strafford 160–1 Stubbe, John, 135 Stubbes, Phillip, 19 Van Dyke, Sir Anthony, 196, 237 Surrey, Earl of; see Howard, Henry Vane, Sir Henry, the Younger, 218 Synod of Dort, 198 Venner, Thomas, 242 Vesalius, Andreaus, 172 T.E., The Law’s Resolutions on Villiers, George, Duke of Women’s Rights, 21–3 Buckingham, 165–6, 170, 171, Tawney, Richard H., 214–15 184, 186–7, 193–5 Tewkesbury, Battle of, 49 Vote of No Addresses, 227 Theaters, closing of, 208–09 Thirty Years War, 168, 216 Waad, Armigail, 115–16 Thirty-Nine Articles of Faith (1563), Walker, Robert, 238 119 Walsingham, Sir Francis, 117, 130, Thomas Cromwell, 81–82 140 Thomas of Woodstock, 33–5 Warbeck, Perkin, 61 Thomason Tracts, 204 Wars of Religion (France), 127, 137–8 Thomason, George, 204 , 46–52, 59–61 Throckmorton, Nicholas, 135 Warwick, Earl of; see Neville, Tottell, Richard, 108 Richard Towton, Battle of, 47–8 Webster, John, 162 Treason Act (1534), 80, 94 Wentworth, Thomas, 162 Treason Act (1563), 119 Wentworth, Thomas, Earl of Treaty of Câteau-Cambrésis, 123 Strafford, 203; and Ireland, 205–6 , 124 Western Rebellion, 99, 101 Treaty of London 154, 168 Westminster Assembly, 220 Triennial Act (1641), 205, 244 Weston, Sir Richard, 195 Tudor Myth, 52–3 Wexford, 231 Tudor, Owen, 43, 47 Whig view of history, 152–3, 214 Tunstall, Bishop Cuthbert, 108 Whitgift, Archbishop John, 122

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William III/II, 247 Woodville, Elizabeth, 48 William of Orange, 129, 130 Wriothesley, Thomas, 86 William of Orange (1650–1702), 247 Wyatt, Sir Thomas, 6, 82, 87 Wilmot, John, Earl of Rochester, 246 Wyatt, Sir Thomas, the Younger, Wilson, Thomas, 150 107, 109 Winstanley, Gerrard, 226 Wycherly, William, 246 Wolsey, Cardinal Thomas, 68–73, 75, 77, 166 York, Duke of; see Plantagenet, Women, status of, 20–3 Richard

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