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War of Roses: a House Divided
Stanford Model United Nations Conference 2014 War of Roses: A House Divided Chairs: Teo Lamiot, Gabrielle Rhoades Assistant Chair: Alyssa Liew Crisis Director: Sofia Filippa Table of Contents Letters from the Chairs………………………………………………………………… 2 Letter from the Crisis Director………………………………………………………… 4 Introduction to the Committee…………………………………………………………. 5 History and Context……………………………………………………………………. 5 Characters……………………………………………………………………………….. 7 Topics on General Conference Agenda…………………………………..……………. 9 Family Tree ………………………………………………………………..……………. 12 Special Committee Rules……………………………………………………………….. 13 Bibliography……………………………………………………………………………. 14 Letters from the Chairs Dear Delegates, My name is Gabrielle Rhoades, and it is my distinct pleasure to welcome you to the Stanford Model United Nations Conference (SMUNC) 2014 as members of the The Wars of the Roses: A House Divided Joint Crisis Committee! As your Wars of the Roses chairs, Teo Lamiot and I have been working hard with our crisis director, Sofia Filippa, and SMUNC Secretariat members to make this conference the best yet. If you have attended SMUNC before, I promise that this year will be even more full of surprise and intrigue than your last conference; if you are a newcomer, let me warn you of how intensely fun and challenging this conference will assuredly be. Regardless of how you arrive, you will all leave better delegates and hopefully with a reinvigorated love for Model UN. My own love for Model United Nations began when I co-chaired a committee for SMUNC (The Arab Spring), which was one of my very first experiences as a member of the Society for International Affairs at Stanford (the umbrella organization for the MUN team), and I thoroughly enjoyed it. Later that year, I joined the intercollegiate Model United Nations team. -
My Ancestors Who Lived in Leeds Castle (And Some of Them Even Owned It!)
Chapter 75 My Ancestors Who Lived in Leeds Castle (and Some of Them Even Owned It!) [originally written 4 January 2021] On 20 December 2020, Russ Leisenheimer posted a photo of a sunset over Leeds Castle to his Facebook page.1 Russ was one of my high school classmates in Euclid, Ohio, and he still lives in the Cleveland area. Here is the photo: I have been using the “World Family Tree” on Geni.com to investigate my European ancestors who lived during the Middle Ages, and seeing the photo of Leeds Castle got me to wondering if any of my ancestors lived there. OK, I realized that this was going to be a long shot, but due to the coronavirus pandemic, I have lots of free time to look into such seemingly trifling things. I immediately went to Wikipedia.org to learn about Leeds Castle, and that prompted the following reply to Russ on Facebook: Wikipedia states that “Leeds Castle is a castle in Kent, England, 5 miles (8 km) southeast of Maidstone. A castle has existed on the site since 1119, the first being a simple stone stronghold constructed by Robert de Crevecoeur which served as a military post in the time of Norman intrusions into England. In the 13th century, it came into the hands of King Edward I, for whom it became a favourite residence; in the 16th century, Henry VIII used it as a dwelling for his first wife, Catherine of Aragon.” According to the World Family Tree on Geni.com, Robert de Crevecoeur was my 25th great uncle. -
Paper 2: Power: Monarchy and Democracy in Britain C1000-2014
Paper 2: Power: Monarchy and democracy in Britain c1000-2014. 1. Describe the Anglo-Saxon system of government. [4] • Witan –The relatives of the King, the important nobles (Earls) and churchmen (Bishops) made up the Kings council which was known as the WITAN. These men led the armies and ruled the shires on behalf of the king. In return, they received wealth, status and land. • At local level the lesser nobles (THEGNS) carried out the roles of bailiffs and estate management. Each shire was divided into HUNDREDS. These districts had their own law courts and army. • The Church handled many administrative roles for the King because many churchmen could read and write. The Church taught the ordinary people about why they should support the king and influence his reputation. They also wrote down the history of the period. 2. Explain why the Church was important in Anglo-Saxon England. [8] • The church was flourishing in Aethelred’s time (c.1000). Kings and noblemen gave the church gifts of land and money. The great MINSTERS were in Rochester, York, London, Canterbury and Winchester. These Churches were built with donations by the King. • Nobles provided money for churches to be built on their land as a great show of status and power. This reminded the local population of who was in charge. It hosted community events as well as religious services, and new laws or taxes would be announced there. Building a church was the first step in building a community in the area. • As churchmen were literate some of the great works of learning, art and culture. -
What Kind of Ruler Was Oliver Cromwell? > Key People & Events
Civil War > What kind of ruler was Oliver Cromwell? > Key people & events What kind of ruler was Oliver Cromwell? Key people & events Key dates December 1653 Cromwell became Lord Protector. He ruled with the Council of State, advisers chosen by him. September 1654 Cromwell’s first Parliament met. MPs were forced to swear loyalty to him or resign. At the same time Cromwell made great efforts to achieve what he called ‘healing and settlement’. This meant fair and efficient government for all. November 1654 Cromwell introduced excise (a tax on all goods bought and sold). This was not approved by Parliament. January 1655 Cromwell dismissed his first Parliament and ruled without Parliament. August 1655 Cromwell put Britain under military rule. He appointed eleven Major Generals to rule the country. This approach was unsuccessful and unpopular. September 1656 The Second Protectorate Parliament met, but only after 100 MPs opposed to Cromwell were banned. January 1657 Cromwell agreed to end the system of Major Generals. March 1657 MPs came up with a new system for government in the ‘Humble Petition and Advice’. Many MPs, and Cromwell’s supporters, urged him to make himself king. Cromwell refused the crown, but was confirmed as Lord Protector. February 1658 Cromwell dismissed Parliament after more disputes with MPs. September 1658 Cromwell died. His son Richard became Lord Protector, but was forced to retire in May 1659. 1660 No acceptable person could be found to take over as Lord Protector. Parliament invited Charles II (son of Charles I) back to restore the monarchy. This is known as ‘The Restoration’. -
Why Did Britain Become a Republic? > New Government
Civil War > Why did Britain become a republic? > New government Why did Britain become a republic? Case study 2: New government Even today many people are not aware that Britain was ever a republic. After Charles I was put to death in 1649, a monarch no longer led the country. Instead people dreamed up ideas and made plans for a different form of government. Find out more from these documents about what happened next. Report on the An account of the Poem on the arrest of setting up of the new situation in Levellers, 1649 Commonwealth England, 1649 Portrait & symbols of Cromwell at the The setting up of Cromwell & the Battle of the Instrument Commonwealth Worcester, 1651 of Government http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/ Page 1 Civil War > Why did Britain become a republic? > New government Case study 2: New government - Source 1 A report on the arrest of some Levellers, 29 March 1649 (Catalogue ref: SP 25/62, pp.134-5) What is this source? This is a report from a committee of MPs to Parliament. It explains their actions against the leaders of the Levellers. One of the men they arrested was John Lilburne, a key figure in the Leveller movement. What’s the background to this source? Before the war of the 1640s it was difficult and dangerous to come up with new ideas and try to publish them. However, during the Civil War censorship was not strongly enforced. Many political groups emerged with new ideas at this time. One of the most radical (extreme) groups was the Levellers. -
Elizabeth Woodville and Margery Kempe, Female Agency in Late Medieval England
ABSTRACT “She Should Have More if She Were Ruled and Guided by Them”: Elizabeth Woodville and Margery Kempe, Female Agency in Late Medieval England Laura Christine Oliver, M.A. Thesis Advisor: Beth Allison Barr, Ph.D. This thesis argues that while patriarchy was certainly present in England during the late medieval period, women of the middle and upper classes were able to exercise agency to a certain degree through using both the patriarchal bargain and an economy of makeshifts. While the methods used by women differed due to the resources available to them, the agency afforded women by the patriarchal bargain and economy of makeshifts was not limited to the aristocracy. Using Elizabeth Woodville and Margery Kempe as cases studies, this thesis examines how these women exercised at least a limited form of agency. Additionally, this thesis examines whether ordinary women have access to the same agency as elite women. Although both were exceptional women during this period, they still serve as ideal case studies because of the sources available about them and their status as role models among their contemporaries. “She Should Have More if She Were Ruled and Guided By Them”: Elizabeth Woodville and Margery Kempe, Female Agency in Late Medieval England by Laura Christine Oliver, B.A. A Thesis Approved by the Department of History ___________________________________ Jeffrey S. Hamilton, Ph.D., Chairperson Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Baylor University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts Approved by the Thesis Committee ___________________________________ Beth Allison Barr, Ph.D., Chairperson ___________________________________ Julie A. -
The Ionian Islands in British Official Discourses; 1815-1864
1 Constructing Ionian Identities: The Ionian Islands in British Official Discourses; 1815-1864 Maria Paschalidi Department of History University College London A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to University College London 2009 2 I, Maria Paschalidi, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. 3 Abstract Utilising material such as colonial correspondence, private papers, parliamentary debates and the press, this thesis examines how the Ionian Islands were defined by British politicians and how this influenced various forms of rule in the Islands between 1815 and 1864. It explores the articulation of particular forms of colonial subjectivities for the Ionian people by colonial governors and officials. This is set in the context of political reforms that occurred in Britain and the Empire during the first half of the nineteenth-century, especially in the white settler colonies, such as Canada and Australia. It reveals how British understandings of Ionian peoples led to complex negotiations of otherness, informing the development of varieties of colonial rule. Britain suggested a variety of forms of government for the Ionians ranging from authoritarian (during the governorships of T. Maitland, H. Douglas, H. Ward, J. Young, H. Storks) to representative (under Lord Nugent, and Lord Seaton), to responsible government (under W. Gladstone’s tenure in office). All these attempted solutions (over fifty years) failed to make the Ionian Islands governable for Britain. The Ionian Protectorate was a failed colonial experiment in Europe, highlighting the difficulties of governing white, Christian Europeans within a colonial framework. -
Gladstone and the Bank of England: a Study in Mid-Victorian Finance, 1833-1866
GLADSTONE AND THE BANK OF ENGLAND: A STUDY IN MID-VICTORIAN FINANCE, 1833-1866 Patricia Caernarv en-Smith, B.A. Thesis Prepared for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS May 2007 APPROVED: Denis Paz, Major Professor Adrian Lewis, Committee Member and Chair of the Department of History Laura Stern, Committee Member Sandra L. Terrell, Dean of the Robert B. Toulouse School of Graduate Studies Caernarven-Smith, Patricia. Gladstone and the Bank of England: A Study in Mid- Victorian Finance, 1833-1866. Master of Arts (History), May 2007, 378 pp., 11 tables, bibliography, 275 titles. The topic of this thesis is the confrontations between William Gladstone and the Bank of England. These confrontations have remained a mystery to authors who noted them, but have generally been ignored by others. This thesis demonstrates that Gladstone’s measures taken against the Bank were reasonable, intelligent, and important for the development of nineteenth-century British government finance. To accomplish this task, this thesis refutes the opinions of three twentieth-century authors who have claimed that many of Gladstone’s measures, as well as his reading, were irrational, ridiculous, and impolitic. My primary sources include the Gladstone Diaries, with special attention to a little-used source, Volume 14, the indexes to the Diaries. The day-to-day Diaries and the indexes show how much Gladstone read about financial matters, and suggest that his actions were based to a large extent upon his reading. In addition, I have used Hansard’s Parliamentary Debates and nineteenth-century periodicals and books on banking and finance to understand the political and economic debates of the time. -
Royal Mint Trading Fund
Royal Mint Trading Fund Annual Report and Accounts 2014-15 Royal Mint Trading Fund | Annual Report and Accounts 2014-15 2 Royal Mint Trading Fund Annual Report and Accounts 2014-15 Presented to Parliament pursuant to section 4(6) of the Government Trading Funds Act 1973 as amended by the Government Trading Act 1990 Ordered by the House of Commons to be printed on 16 July 2015 HC 161 © Crown copyright 2015 This publication is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated. To view this licence, visit nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government- licence/version/3 or write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU, or email: psi@ nationalarchives.gsi.gov.uk. Where we have identified any third party copyright information you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. This publication is available at www.gov.uk/government/ publications Any enquiries regarding this publication should be sent to us at the Office of Public Sector Information, Information Policy Team, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 4DU or email: [email protected]. Print ISBN 9781474120913 Web ISBN 9781474120920 ID 04061511 06/15 Printed on paper containing 75% recycled fibre content minimum Printed in the UK on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office Contents 05 Accounting Officer’s Statement 06 Report of the Chief Executive of The Royal Mint Limited 08 Management Commentary 18 Sustainability Report 22 Financial Summary 23 Key Ministerial Targets 24 The -
PDF Download the Reluctant Queen: the Story of Anne of York
THE RELUCTANT QUEEN: THE STORY OF ANNE OF YORK PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Jean Plaidy | 450 pages | 28 Aug 2007 | Random House USA Inc | 9780307346155 | English | New York, United States The Reluctant Queen: The Story of Anne of York PDF Book It ends when our storyteller dies, so King Richard is still on the throne and it gives us no closure on the ending of his reign. Other editions. As a member of the powerful House of Neville , she played a critical part in the Wars of the Roses fought between the House of York and House of Lancaster for the English crown. I enjoyed all the drama that took place but I disliked the lack of a lesson, when reading a book I want to be left with a life lesson and I did not find one within this novel. While telling her story Anne notes that Middleham is where she feels at home and was most happy. She proves she can do this during a spell were Anne winds up in a cookshop. The reigning king Edward dies and Richard is to raise and guide Edward's son, Edward on the throne. Richard the Third. Anne was on good terms with her mother-in-law Cecily Neville, Duchess of York , with whom she discussed religious works, such as the writings of Mechtilde of Hackeborn. Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland. Novels that feature Richard III tend to be either for or against the former king. This novel will be best suited for any students from grades 8 and up because of the vocabulary it uses, which many eighth graders and higher will already be accustomed with, hopefully. -
History of the Plantagenet Kings of England [email protected]
History of the Plantagenet Kings of England [email protected] http://newsummer.com/presentations/Plantagenet Introduction Plantagenet: Pronunciation & Usage Salic Law: "of Salic land no portion of the inheritance shall come to a woman: but the whole inheritance of the land shall come to the male sex." Primogeniture: inheritance moves from eldest son to youngest, with variations Shakespeare's Plantagenet plays The Life and Death of King John Edward III (probably wrote part of it) Richard II Henry IV, Part 1 Henry IV, Part 2 Henry V Henry VI, Part 1 Henry VI, Part 2 Henry VI, Part 3 Richard III Brief assessments The greatest among them: Henry II, Edward I, Edward III The unfulfilled: Richard I, Henry V The worst: John, Edward II, Richard II, Richard III The tragic: Henry VI The Queens Matilda of Scotland, c10801118 (Henry I) Empress Matilda, 11021167 (Geoffrey Plantagent) Eleanor of Aquitaine, c11221204 (Henry II) Isabella of France, c12951348 (Edward II) Margaret of Anjou, 14301482 (Henry VI) Other key notables Richard de Clare "Strongbow," 11301176 William the Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke, 11471219 Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, c12081265 Roger Mortimer, Earl of March, 12871330 Henry "Hotspur" Percy, 13641403 Richard Neville "The Kingmaker," 14281471 Some of the important Battles Hastings (Wm I, 1066): Conquest Lincoln (Stephen, 1141): King Stephen captured Arsuf (Richard I, 1191): Richard defeats Salidin Bouvines (John, 1214): Normandy lost to the French Lincoln, 2nd (Henry III, 1217): Pembroke defeats -
Inspiration from Kick@Ss Tudor Women Day One: Lady Margaret Beaufort
Inspiration from Kick@ss Tudor Women Day One: Lady Margaret Beaufort Hello and welcome to Day One of the Inspiration from Kickass Tudor Women minicourse. My name is Heather Teysko, and for those of you who don’t know me, I started a podcast called the Renaissance English History Podcast in 2009, and have been podcasting for the past eight years about my favorite time period in history. I also lead history tours to England, design gorgeous planners and journals inspired by Tudor history, and do courses on podcasting. I live in Spain with my husband and three year old daughter, and before that I lived in London, New York, Los Angeles, and I’m originally from Amish Country Pennsylvania. So that’s a little bit about who I am. As this course goes on, I want to know more about who you are, about what inspires you about history, and what you get out of learning about it. My first job in high school was as a student docent at a local home built by a Revolutionary War general, Rock Ford Plantation in Lancaster PA, owned by General Edward Hand, adjutant general to Washington. I spent five years there, and during that time I got to know Edward Hand really well. I handled his medical equipment, I touched his books, and I got to know him really well. But I really didn’t know much about his wife. And, as someone who loved history, but also was interested in women’s history, that really bugged me. There are a lot of reasons why women don’t make it into the historical narrative.