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Notes on Finance Bill 2015 Resolutions
Notes on Finance Bill 2015 Resolutions 1. Amendment of the law Authorises the Finance Bill to contain those provisions which do not impose or increase a tax charge, in particular provisions that give relief from tax or which deal with tax administration. It also restricts the scope for amendments to VAT. 2. Income tax (charge and main rates) Provides for the charge and main rates to apply for the 2015-16 tax year. 3. Income tax (limits and allowances) Provides for the amount of the income limit for the personal allowance for those born before 6 April 1938, the blind person’s allowance, the minimum amount of the tax reduction for married couples and civil partners; the tax reduction for married couples and civil partners and the income limit for the tax reduction for married couples and civil partners for the 2015-16 tax year. 4. Personal allowances for 2015-2016 Provides for the personal allowance for those born after 5 April 1938 and the amount of the transferable tax allowance for married couples and civil partners for 2015-16. 5. Corporation tax (charge and main rate for financial year 2016) Authorises the Finance Bill to contain provision for corporation tax to be charged for the financial year 2016 (the year beginning 1 April 2016) and for that year the main rate to be 20%. 6. Taxable benefits (diesel cars) Provides for the Finance Bill to contain provision for a change to Chapter 6 of Part 3 of the Income Tax (Earnings and Pensions) Act 2003 (taxable benefits: cars, vans and related benefits) to be introduced to increase the maximum appropriate percentage for diesel cars to 37% for the tax year 2015-16. -
Tax Dictionary T
Leach’s Tax Dictionary. Version 9 as at 5 June 2016. Page 1 T T Tax code Suffix for a tax code. This suffix does not indicate the allowances to which a person is entitled, as do other suffixes. A T code may only be changed by direct instruction from HMRC. National insurance National insurance contribution letter for ocean-going mariners who pay the reduced rate. Other meanings (1) Old Roman numeral for 160. (2) In relation to tapered reduction in annual allowance for pension contributions, the individual’s adjusted income for a tax year (Finance Act 2004 s228ZA(1) as amended by Finance (No 2) Act 2015 Sch 4 para 10). (3) Tesla, the unit of measure. (4) Sum of transferred amounts, used to calculate cluster area allowance in Corporation Tax Act 2010 s356JHB. (5) For the taxation of trading income provided through third parties, a person carrying on a trade (Income Tax (Trading and Other Income) Act 2005 s23A(2) as inserted by Finance (No 2) Act 2017 s25(2)). (6) For apprenticeship levy, the total amount of levy allowance for a company unit (Finance Act 2016 s101(7)). T+ Abbreviation sometimes used to indicate the number of days taken to settle a transaction. T$ (1) Abbreviation: pa’anga, currency of Tonga. (2) Abbreviation: Trinidad and Tobago dollar. T1 status HMRC term for goods not in free circulation. TA (1) Territorial Army. (2) Training Agency. (3) Temporary admission, of goods for Customs purposes. (4) Telegraphic Address. (5) In relation to residence nil rate band for inheritance tax, means the amount on which tax is chargeable under Inheritance Tax Act 1984 s32 or s32A. -
The Ionian Islands in British Official Discourses; 1815-1864
1 Constructing Ionian Identities: The Ionian Islands in British Official Discourses; 1815-1864 Maria Paschalidi Department of History University College London A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to University College London 2009 2 I, Maria Paschalidi, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. 3 Abstract Utilising material such as colonial correspondence, private papers, parliamentary debates and the press, this thesis examines how the Ionian Islands were defined by British politicians and how this influenced various forms of rule in the Islands between 1815 and 1864. It explores the articulation of particular forms of colonial subjectivities for the Ionian people by colonial governors and officials. This is set in the context of political reforms that occurred in Britain and the Empire during the first half of the nineteenth-century, especially in the white settler colonies, such as Canada and Australia. It reveals how British understandings of Ionian peoples led to complex negotiations of otherness, informing the development of varieties of colonial rule. Britain suggested a variety of forms of government for the Ionians ranging from authoritarian (during the governorships of T. Maitland, H. Douglas, H. Ward, J. Young, H. Storks) to representative (under Lord Nugent, and Lord Seaton), to responsible government (under W. Gladstone’s tenure in office). All these attempted solutions (over fifty years) failed to make the Ionian Islands governable for Britain. The Ionian Protectorate was a failed colonial experiment in Europe, highlighting the difficulties of governing white, Christian Europeans within a colonial framework. -
Gladstone and the Bank of England: a Study in Mid-Victorian Finance, 1833-1866
GLADSTONE AND THE BANK OF ENGLAND: A STUDY IN MID-VICTORIAN FINANCE, 1833-1866 Patricia Caernarv en-Smith, B.A. Thesis Prepared for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS May 2007 APPROVED: Denis Paz, Major Professor Adrian Lewis, Committee Member and Chair of the Department of History Laura Stern, Committee Member Sandra L. Terrell, Dean of the Robert B. Toulouse School of Graduate Studies Caernarven-Smith, Patricia. Gladstone and the Bank of England: A Study in Mid- Victorian Finance, 1833-1866. Master of Arts (History), May 2007, 378 pp., 11 tables, bibliography, 275 titles. The topic of this thesis is the confrontations between William Gladstone and the Bank of England. These confrontations have remained a mystery to authors who noted them, but have generally been ignored by others. This thesis demonstrates that Gladstone’s measures taken against the Bank were reasonable, intelligent, and important for the development of nineteenth-century British government finance. To accomplish this task, this thesis refutes the opinions of three twentieth-century authors who have claimed that many of Gladstone’s measures, as well as his reading, were irrational, ridiculous, and impolitic. My primary sources include the Gladstone Diaries, with special attention to a little-used source, Volume 14, the indexes to the Diaries. The day-to-day Diaries and the indexes show how much Gladstone read about financial matters, and suggest that his actions were based to a large extent upon his reading. In addition, I have used Hansard’s Parliamentary Debates and nineteenth-century periodicals and books on banking and finance to understand the political and economic debates of the time. -
HC 138 Published on 27 January 2005 by Authority of the House of Commons London: the Stationery Office Limited £17.50
House of Commons Treasury Committee The 2004 Pre–Budget Report First Report of Session 2004–05 Report, together with formal minutes, oral and written evidence Ordered by The House of Commons to be printed 17 January 2005 HC 138 Published on 27 January 2005 by authority of the House of Commons London: The Stationery Office Limited £17.50 The Treasury Committee The Treasury Committee is appointed by the House of Commons to examine the expenditure, administration and policy of the HM Treasury and its associated public bodies. Current membership Rt Hon John McFall MP (Labour, Dumbarton) (Chairman) Mr Nigel Beard MP (Labour, Bexleyheath and Crayford) Mr Jim Cousins MP (Labour, Newcastle upon Tyne Central) Angela Eagle MP (Labour, Wallasey) Mr Michael Fallon MP (Conservative, Sevenoaks) Rt Hon David Heathcoat-Amory MP (Conservative, Wells) Norman Lamb MP (Liberal Democrat, Norfolk North) John Mann MP (Labour, Bassetlaw) Mr George Mudie MP (Labour, Leeds East) Mr James Plaskitt MP (Labour, Warwick and Leamington) Mr Robert Walter MP (Conservative, North Dorset) Powers The Committee is one of the departmental select committees, the powers of which are set out in the House of Commons Standing Orders, principally in SO No. 152. These are available on the Internet via www.parliament.uk The Committee has power to appoint a Sub-committee, which has similar powers to the main Committee, except that it reports to the main Committee, which then reports to the House. All members of the Committee are members of the Sub- committee, and its Chairman is Mr Michael Fallon. Publications The Reports and evidence of the Committee are published by The Stationery Office by Order of the House. -
Bill Explanatory Notes Introduction
FINANCE (No. 3) BILL EXPLANATORY NOTES INTRODUCTION EXPLANATORY NOTES INTRODUCTION 1. These explanatory notes relate to the Finance (No. 3) Bill as introduced into Parliament on 31 March 2011. They have been prepared jointly by the HM Revenue & Customs and HM Treasury in order to assist the reader in understanding the Bill. They do not form part of the Bill and have not been endorsed by Parliament. 2. The notes are designed to be read alongside with the Bill. They are not, and are not meant to be, a comprehensive description of the Bill. So, where a section or part of a section does not seem to require any explanation or comment, none is given. FINANCE (No. 3) BILL RESOLUTION 2 CLAUSE 1 EXPLANATORY NOTE CLAUSE 1: CHARGE AND MAIN RATES FOR 2011-12 SUMMARY 1. Clause 1 imposes the income tax charge for 2011-12 and sets the basic rate of income tax at 20 per cent, the higher rate at 40 per cent and the additional rate at 50 per cent. DETAILS OF THE CLAUSE 2. Subsection (1) imposes the income tax charge for 2011-12. 3. Subsection (2)(a) sets the basic rate of income tax at 20 per cent. 4. Subsection (2)(b) sets the higher rate of income tax at 40 per cent. 5. Subsection (2)(c) sets the additional rate of income tax at 50 per cent. BACKGROUND NOTE 6. Income tax is an annual tax re-imposed by Parliament (even if the proposed rates are the same as for the previous year). The table below sets out the main rates and rate limits for 2011-12 and for reference includes the amounts for 2010-11: 2010-11 2011-12 Basic rate £0 - £37,400 at 20 per cent £0 - £35,000 at 20 per cent Higher rate £37,401 - £150,000 at 40 per £35,001 - £150,000 at 40 per cent cent Additional rate Over £150,000 at 50 per cent Over £150,000 at 50 per cent The basic rate limit of £35,000 as identified in the table above is set by clause 2 of this Bill. -
Palestrina in Hastings’, the Georgian Group Journal, Vol
Richard Morrice, ‘Palestrina in Hastings’, The Georgian Group Journal, Vol. XI, 2001, pp. 93–116 TEXT © THE AUTHORS 2001 PALESTRINA IN HASTINGS RICHARD MORRICE he development of Hastings as a resort had, by Secretary of State for Ireland ( –) and Home T , been noted in London. Secretary ( –), and rewarded his father with an This fashionable summer retreat bids fair soon to rival earldom in . From to he was Joint Brighton and other hitherto more noted places of Postmaster-General and from to his death in July fashionable resort. The situation, both in point of he held that post on his own. Thomas Pelham scenery and mildness of the air, certainly exceeds any succeeded his father as nd Earl of Chichester in . place of the kind on the southern coast; and what is of He it was who involved Joseph Kay ( – ) in the great consequence to the invalid, the bathing which is scheme, presumably because he had turned to Kay excellent can be accomplished at any time of the tide, without the slightest risk or inconvenience. for works at Stanmer Park, his principal seat, in , the same year that Kay was appointed architect to the Hastings’s reputation was growing, as was its Post Office. population, which doubled in the fifteen years after Hastings was not amongst the very earliest of the end of the Napoleonic Wars. Hastings was above south-eastern seaside resorts, but had certainly all more picturesquely set than other south-eastern followed the lead of Brighton and Margate by the bathing places and, for the Earl of Chichester and his later years of the eighteenth century. -
Length of Legislation Paper
LENGTH OF TAX LEGISLATION AS A MEASURE OF COMPLEXITY In his seminal Hardman lecture, Adam Broke pointed to the length of tax legislation, the language used, the drafting style and the diversity of taxes as all contributing to the complexity of the UK tax code1. To this list could also be added political pressures and policy initiatives, both of which impact on tax legislation. In addition to our specific reviews, the Office of Tax Simplification (“OTS”) is analysing the underlying problem of complexity in the tax system. This paper focuses on the length of legislation, although it must be recognised that all the contributing factors are interlinked to a certain extent. In 2009 it was reported that the UK tax code had exceeded that of India and, at 11,520 pages was the longest in the world2. Many of us remember when the Butterworths/Tolley’s Yellow Tax Handbook3 (or the equivalent CCH Green Book) was a much more manageable two (or even one!) volumes, instead of the five volumes that there are today. The increasing length of UK tax legislation is often cited as indicating that the tax system is becoming more complex. The aim of the work carried out by the OTS was to consider the extent to which length contributes to complexity. We also ascertained the actual length of the UK tax code and the increase in its length since the introduction of corporation tax in 1965. This paper is to look at the length of legislation in more detail than just by reference to the size of Tolley’s Yellow and Orange Tax Handbooks4 (the “Yellow Book” and the “Orange Book” respectively), although these have been considered in some detail. -
The Gold Metallurgy of Isaac Newton
The Gold Metallurgy of Isaac Newton E. G. V. Newman The Royal Mint, London The science of metals had always appealed to Isaac Newton and when, after the conclusion of his remarkable contributions to mathe- matics and physics, he was invited to take charge of the Royal Mint in London he was able not only to display his great gifts as an administrator but also to exercise his interest in metals and alloys and particularly in the metallurgy of gold. For over thirty years Isaac Newton lived the been accorded him for his scientific work despite the secluded life of a scholar. As undergraduate and later endeavours of his friends Samuel Pepys, John Locke Fellow and Professor at Cambridge he was shy and and Christopher Wren to secure for him a public post reserved, careless of his appearance and even more worthy of his stature. He returned to Cambridge and careless of his eating habits. This period came to a there busied himself with experimental work in triumphant conclusion, of course, with the publication chemistry and metallurgy. of the Principia in 1687. It was not until 1696 that an easement came about For a further period of thirty years, apparently by in the form of an appointment that was to effect a an astonishing transformation, Newton served his complete change in his way of life and his financial country as a highly able public official and also as the welfare. This came through the good offices of an leader of the scientific community. The achievements old friend from his undergraduate days at Trinity and the glory of the former period have not un- College whom he had re-encountered as a fellow naturally overshadowed the latter half of his working Member of Parliament, Charles Montagu. -
Art and Design Coins in the Classroom
Art and Design Coins in the Classroom royalmint.com/kids Fact File 2 Reverse Design Facts Coins with the definitive shield reverse designs entered circulation in 2008. The original decimal designs had been in circulation for almost 40 years and it was felt they needed to be refreshed. The competition to design the coins was a public one and The Royal Mint received more than 4,000 designs from 526 people – the largest ever response to a public competition of this type in Britain. The £1 coin was not originally part of the design brief. A first sift of the drawings was made by three members of The Royal Mint Advisory Committee and 4,000 drawings were reduced to 418 designs. The 418 designs represented 52 series of coins. This was then whittled down to 18 designs representing three series. The designs chosen had to be not just pictures but symbols of the nation. It was decided that the heraldry on some designs was ‘too 2008 Shield Design by Matt Dent Hogwarts’ or ‘Narnia-like’ or it was ‘too gothic and overbearing’. It was said by The Royal Mint Advisory Committee that the winning entry broke ‘the mould in an exciting way’ and ‘is a truly modern series at last.’ Matt Dent The winner of the competition, with the pseudonym Designer Z (as all coin design competitions are anonymous), turned out to be a young graphic designer called Matt Dent, who trained at Coleg Menai in Wales and the University of Brighton. He said about his design that “the piecing together of the elements of the Royal Arms to form one design had a satisfying symbolism – that of unity, four countries of Britain under a single monarch.” Art and Design royalmint.com/kids Fact File 3 UK Coin Design A Penny For Your Thoughts The United Kingdom 1p coin was one of three new coins that joined the 5p, 10p and 50p in general circulation on 15 February 1971 when the United Kingdom adopted a new decimal currency system. -
Royal Mail's Kings and Queen's Series Enters the Tudor
News Release 2 March 2009 ROYAL MAIL’S KINGS AND QUEEN’S SERIES ENTERS THE TUDOR AGE Royal Mail continues its 600 year journey through history with the second in its Kings and Queens series celebrating the Royal Houses of England. Marking the 500th anniversary of the accession of Henry VIII, The House of Tudor, features individual portraits of the six monarchs who ruled during one of the most famous – and infamous - periods in our history, complemented with a four-stamp Miniature Sheet illustrating significant people and events from the period. The stamps - which are issued on 21 April in three 1st, 62p and 81p pairs - and the Miniature Sheet were designed by Atelier Works who also designed the first of the Kings and Queens issues, the Houses of Lancaster and York, in 2008. From the Battle of Bosworth Field in 1485 to the death of Good Queen Bess in 1603, the age of the House of Tudor saw some of our best known kings and queens sit upon the English throne. Marking the end of the Middle Ages and forged in bloodshed, rancour and upheaval at home and abroad, the Tudor age also saw commerce and arts flourish and the introduction of the Renaissance into England. In addition to its regular products Royal Mail is also producing a Cachet Cover, Henry VIII and Elizabeth I Coin Cover and a Press Sheet consisting of 12 uncut Miniature sheets (see Notes to Editors for further information). Julietta Edgar, Head of Special Stamps at Royal Mail said: “Kings and Queens is one of the most significant series of stamps ever issued by Royal Mail. -
RETIRED STAFF ASSOCIATION (UERSA) NEWSLETTER Issue 38
RETIRED STAFF ASSOCIATION (UERSA) NEWSLETTER Issue 38 January 2017 UERSA website http://groups.exeter.ac.uk/uersa/index.html Change of Editor As members will know, Rachel Kirby has decided to relinquish the editorship of our Newsletter after six years, and we thank her very much for all her work on it. For one year only, I have offered to take her place, while we find another willing volunteer to carry it on. Because of my lack of technical expertise, I have simplified the format and hope members will bear with me! Julie Orr, our Secretary, has kindly agreed to deal with the distribution, taking over from Jan Reynolds – thank you to both, and also to Linda Hale for her continuing help. Sue Odell Chair's New Year Message Dear Friends I've just returned from a very convivial time at UERSA's annual Christmas lunch, held as usual at the Devon Hotel. There was much banter and good humour amongst the 60 of us who sat down for our meal and it's good to know that many of us so enjoy renewing regular contact with former colleagues from all areas of the University – it's very much what UERSA is all about. For those with next year's diaries to hand, you may like to know that Sue Cousins, our Social Secretary, has already booked the date for the 2017 Christmas lunch at the same venue: Thursday 14 December. With the New Year fast approaching, there was some discussion at the recent UERSA Executive Committee meeting about outings for the general membership to supplement those promoted by our Special Interest Groups.