Appendix I Roster of the United Nations (As at 31 December 1974)

DATE OF ADMIS­ DATE OF ADMIS­ DATE OF ADMIS­ MEMBER SION TO U.N. MEMBER SION TO U.N. MEMBER SION TO U.N.

Afghanistan 19 Nov. 1946 Ghana 8 Mar. 1957 Pakistan 30 Sep. 1947 Albania 14 Dec. 1955 Greece 25 Oct. 1945 Panama 13 Nov. 1945 Algeria 8 Oct. 1962 Grenada 17 Sep. 1974 Paraguay 24 Oct. 1945 Argentina 24 Oct. 1945 Guatemala 21 Nov. 1945 Peru 31 Oct. 1945 Australia 1 Nov. 1945 Guinea 12 Dec. 1958 Philippines 24 Oct. 1945 Austria 14 Dec. 1955 Guinea-Bissau 17 Sep. 1974 Poland 24 Oct. 1945 Bahamas 18 Sep. 1973 Guyana 20 Sep. 1966 Portugal 14 Dec. 1955 Bahrain 21 Sep. 1971 Haiti 24 Oct. 1945 Qatar 21 Sep. 1971 Bangladesh 17 Sep. 1974 Honduras 17 Dec. 1945 Romania 14 Dec. 1955 Barbados 9 Dec. 1966 Hungary 14 Dec. 1955 Rwanda 18 Sep. 1962 Belgium 27 Dec. 1945 Iceland 19 Nov. 1946 Saudi Arabia 24 Oct. 1945 Bhutan 21 Sep. 1971 India 30 Oct. 1945 Senegal 28 Sep. 1960 Bolivia 14 Nov. 1945 Indonesia2 28 Sep. 1950 Sierra Leone 27 Sep. 1961 Botswana 17 Oct. 1966 Iran 24 Oct. 1945 Singapore3 21 Sep. 1965 Brazil 24 Oct. 1945 Iraq 21 Dec. 1945 Somalia 20 Sep. 1960 Bulgaria 14 Dec. 1955 Ireland 14 Dec. 1955 South Africa 7 Nov. 1945 Burma 19 Apr. 1948 Israel 11 May 1949 Spain 14 Dec. 1955 Burundi 18 Sep. 1962 Italy 14 Dec. 1955 Sri Lanka 14 Dec. 1955 Byelorussian Soviet Ivory Coast 20 Sep. 1960 Sudan 12 Nov. 1956 Socialist Republic 24 Oct. 1945 Jamaica 18 Sep. 1962 Swaziland 24 Sep. 1968 Canada 9 Nov. 1945 Japan 18 Dec. 1956 Sweden 19 Nov. 1946 Central African Jordan 14 Dec. 1955 Syrian Arab Republic 20 Sep. 1960 Kenya 16 Dec. 1963 Republic1 24 Oct. 1945 Chad 20 Sep.1960 Khmer Republic 14 Dec. 1955 Thailand 16 Dec. 1946 Chile 24 Oct. 1945 Kuwait 14 May 1963 Togo 20 Sep. 1960 China 24 Oct. 1945 Laos 14 Dec. 1955 Trinidad and Tobago 18 Sep. 1962 Colombia 5 Nov. 1945 Lebanon 24 Oct. 1945 Tunisia 12 Nov. 1956 Congo 20 Sep. 1960 Lesotho 17 Oct. 1966 Turkey 24 Oct. 1945 Costa Rica 2 Nov. 1945 Liberia 2 Nov. 1945 Uganda 25 Oct. 1962 Cuba 24 Oct. 1945 Libyan Arab Republic 14 Dec. 1955 Ukrainian Soviet Cyprus 20 Sep. 1960 Luxembourg 24 Oct. 1945 Socialist Republic 24 Oct. 1945 Czechoslovakia 24 Oct. 1945 Madagascar 20 Sep. 1960 Union of Soviet Dahomey 20 Sep. 1960 Malawi 1 Dec. 1964 Socialist Republics 24 Oct. 1945 Democratic Yemen 14 Dec. 1967 Malaysia3 17 Sep. 1957 United Arab Emirates 9 Dec. 1971 Denmark 24 Oct. 1945 Maldives 21 Sep. 1965 United Kingdom 24 Oct. 1945 Dominican Republic 24 Oct. 1945 Mali 28 Sep. 1960 United Republic Ecuador 21 Dec. 1945 Malta 1 Dec. 1964 of Cameroon4 20 Sep. 1960 Egypt1 24 Oct. 1945 Mauritania 27 Oct. 1961 United Republic El Salvador 24 Oct. 1945 Mauritius 24 Apr. 1968 of Tanzania5 14 Dec. 1961 Equatorial Guinea 12 Nov. 1968 Mexico 7 Nov. 1945 United States 24 Oct. 1945 Ethiopia 13 Nov. 1945 Mongolia 27 Oct. 1961 Upper Volta 20 Sep. 1960 Fiji 13 Oct. 1970 Morocco 12 Nov. 1956 Uruguay 18 Dec. 1945 Finland 14 Dec. 1955 Nepal 14 Dec. 1955 Venezuela 15 Nov. 1945 France 24 Oct. 1945 Netherlands 10 Dec. 1945 Yemen 30 Sep. 1947 Gabon 20 Sep. 1960 New Zealand 24 Oct. 1945 Yugoslavia 24 Oct. 1945 Gambia 21 Sep. 1965 Nicaragua 24 Oct. 1945 Zaire 20 Sep. 1960 German Democratic Niger 20 Sep. 1960 Zambia 1 Dec. 1964 Republic 18 Sep. 1973 Nigeria 7 Oct. 1960 Germany, Federal Norway 27 Nov. 1945 Republic of 18 Sep. 1973 Oman 7 Oct. 1971

1 Egypt and Syria, both of which became Members of the United Nations on 24 October 1945, joined together—following a plebiscite held in those countries on 21 February 1958—to form the United Arab Republic. On 13 October 1961, the Syrian Arab Republic, having resumed its status as an independent State, also resumed its separate membership in the United Nations, and the United Arab Republic continued as a Member of the United Nations. The United Arab Republic reverted to the name of Egypt on 2 September 1971. 2 In a letter dated 20 January 1965, Indonesia informed the Secretary-General that it had decided "at this stage and under the present circumstances" to withdraw from the United Nations. In a telegram dated 19September 1966, Indonesia notified the Secretary-General of its decision "to resume full co-operation with the United Nations and to resume participation in its activities (footnotes continued on next page) 1050 Appendix I

(Footnotes—continued from preceding page)

starting with the twenty-first session of the General Assembly." On 28 September 1966, the General Assembly took note of the decision of the Government of Indonesia and the President invited the representatives of that country to take their seats in the Assembly. 3 On 16 September 1963, Sabah (North Borneo), Sarawak and Singapore joined with the Federation of Malaya (which became a United Nations Member on 17 September 1957) to form Malaysia. On 9 August 1965, Singapore became an independent State and on 21 September 1965 it became a Member of the United Nations. 4 By a letter of 4 January 1974, the Secretary-General was informed that the Federal Republic of Cameroon had changed its name to the United Republic of Cameroon. 5 Tanganyika was a Member of the United Nations from 14 December 1961, and Zanzibar was a Member from 16 December 1963. Following the ratification, on 26 April 1964, of Articles of Union between Tanganyika and Zanzibar, the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar continued as a single Member of the United Nations; on 1 November 1964, it changed its name to the United Republic of Tanzania. Appendix II The Charter of the United Nations and the Statute of the International Court of Justice

The Charter of the United Nations

NOTE: The Charter of the United Nations was signed on bers (formerly seven), including the concurring votes of 26 June 1945, in San Francisco, at the conclusion of the five permanent members of the Security Council. the United Nations Conference on International Organi­ The amendment to Article 61, which entered into zation, and came into force on 24 October 1945. The force on 31 August 1965, enlarged the membership of Statute of the International Court of Justice is an inte­ the Economic and Social Council from 18 to 27. The gral part of the Charter. subsequent amendment to that Article, which entered into force on 24 September 1973, further increased the membership of the Council from 27 to 54. Amendments to Articles 23, 27 and 61 of the Charter The amendment to Article 109, which relates to the were adopted by the General Assembly on 17 Decem­ first paragraph of that Article, provides that a General ber 1963 and came into force on 31 August 1965. A fur­ Conference of Member States for the purpose of review­ ther amendment to Article 61 was adopted by the Gen­ ing the Charter may be held at a date and place to be eral Assembly on 20 December 1971, and came into fixed by a two-thirds vote of the members of the Gen­ force on 24 September 1973. An amendment to Article eral Assembly and by a vote of any nine members (for­ 109, adopted by the General Assembly on 20 December merly seven) of the Security Council. Paragraph 3 of Ar­ 1965, came into force on 12 June 1968. ticle 109, which deals with the consideration of a The amendment to Article 23 enlarges the member­ possible review conference during the tenth regular ses­ ship of the Security Council from 11 to 15. The sion of the General Assembly, has been retained in its amended Article 27 provides that decisions of the Secu­ original form in its reference to a "vote of any seven rity Council on procedural matters shall be made by an members of the Security Council," the paragraph having affirmative vote of nine members (formerly seven) and been acted upon in 1955 by the General Assembly, at on all other matters by an affirmative vote of nine mem­ its tenth regular session, and by the Security Council.

WE THE PEOPLES HAVE RESOLVED TO OF THE UNITED NATIONS COMBINE OUR EFFORTS TO DETERMINED ACCOMPLISH THESE AIMS to save succeeding generations from the scourge of Accordingly, our respective Governments, through repre­ war, which twice in our life-time has brought untold sentatives assembled in the city of San Francisco, sorrow to mankind, and who have exhibited their full powers found to be in to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the good and due form, have agreed to the present dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal Charter of the United Nations and do hereby establish rights of men and women and of nations large and an international organization to be known as the small, and United Nations. to establish conditions under which justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other Chapter I sources of international law can be maintained, and PURPOSES AND PRINCIPLES to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom, Article 1 The Purposes of the United Nations are: 1. To maintain international peace and security, and to that end: to take effective collective measures for the prevention and removal of threats to the peace, and for AND FOR THESE ENDS the suppression of acts of aggression or other breaches to practice tolerance and live together in peace with of the peace, and to bring about by peaceful means, one another as good neighbours, and and in conformity with the principles of justice and in­ to unite our strength to maintain international peace ternational law, adjustment or settlement of international and security, and disputes or situations which might lead to a breach of to ensure, by the acceptance of principles and the insti­ the peace; tution of methods, that armed force shall not be used, 2. To develop friendly relations among nations based save in the common interest, and on respect for the principle of equal rights and self-de­ to employ international machinery for the promotion of termination of peoples, and to take other appropriate the economic and social advancement of all peoples, measures to strengthen universal peace; 1052 Appendix II

3. To achieve international co-operation in solving in­ Article 6 ternational problems of an economic, social, cultural, or A Member of the United Nations which has persist­ humanitarian character, and in promoting and encourag­ ently violated the Principles contained in the present ing respect for human rights and for fundamental free­ Charter may be expelled from the Organization by the doms for all without distinction as to race, sex, General Assembly upon the recommendation of the Se­ language, or religion; and curity Council. 4. To be a centre for harmonizing the actions of na­ tions in the attainment of these common ends. Chapter III ORGANS Article 2 Article 7 The Organization and its Members, in pursuit of the 1. There are established as the principal organs of the Purposes stated in Article 1, shall act in accordance United Nations: a General Assembly, a Security Council, with the following Principles. an Economic and Social Council, a Trusteeship Council, 1. The Organization is based on the principle of the an International Court of Justice, and a Secretariat. sovereign equality of all its Members. 2. Such subsidiary organs as may be found necessary 2. All Members, in order to ensure to all of them the may be established in accordance with the present rights and benefits resulting from membership, shall ful­ Charter. fil in good faith the obligations assumed by them in Article 8 accordance with the present Charter. The United Nations shall place no restrictions on the 3. All Members shall settle their international disputes eligibility of men and women to participate in any ca­ by peaceful means in such a manner that international pacity and under conditions of equality in its principal peace and security, and justice, are not endangered. and subsidiary organs. 4. All Members shall refrain in their international rela­ tions from the threat or use of force against the terri­ torial integrity or political independence of any state, or Chapter IV in any other manner inconsistent with the Purposes of THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY the United Nations. 5. All Members shall give the United Nations every Composition assistance in any action it takes in accordance with the Article 9 present Charter, and shall refrain from giving assistance 1. The General Assembly shall consist of all the Mem­ to any state against which the United Nations is taking bers of the United Nations. preventive or enforcement action. 2. Each Member shall have not more than five repre­ 6. The Organization shall ensure that states which are sentatives in the General Assembly. not Members of the United Nations act in accordance with these Principles so far as may be necessary for Functions and powers the maintenance of international peace and security. Article 10 7. Nothing contained in the present Charter shall au­ The General Assembly may discuss any questions or thorize the United Nations to intervene in matters which any matters within the scope of the present Charter or are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any relating to the powers and functions of any organs pro­ state or shall require the Members to submit such mat­ vided for in the present Charter, and, except as pro­ ters to settlement under the present Charter; but this vided in Article 12, may make recommendations to the principle shall not prejudice the application of enforce­ Members of the United Nations or to the Security Coun­ ment measures under Chapter VII. cil or to both on any such questions or matters.

Chapter II Article 11 MEMBERSHIP 1. The General Assembly may consider the general principles of co-operation in the maintenance of interna­ Article 3 tional peace and security, including the principles gov­ The original Members of the United Nations shall be erning disarmament and the regulation of armaments, the states which, having participated in the United Na­ and may make recommendations with regard to such tions Conference on International Organization at San principles to the Members or to the Security Council or Francisco, or having previously signed the Declaration to both. by United Nations of 1 January 1942, sign the present 2. The General Assembly may discuss any questions Charter and ratify it in accordance with Article 110. relating to the maintenance of international peace and security brought before it by any Member of the United Article 4 Nations, or by the Security Council, or by a state which 1. Membership in the United Nations is open to all is not a Member of the United Nations in accordance other peace-loving states which accept the obligations with Article 35, paragraph 2, and, except as provided in contained in the present Charter and, in the judgment Article 12, may make recommendations with regard to of the Organization, are able and willing to carry out any such questions to the state or states concerned or these obligations. to the Security Council or to both. Any such question 2. The admission of any such state to membership in on which action is necessary shall be referred to the the United Nations will be effected by a decision of the Security Council by the General Assembly either before General Assembly upon the recommendation of the Se­ or after discussion. curity Council. 3. The General Assembly may call the attention of Article 5 the Security Council to situations which are likely to A Member of the United Nations against which pre­ endanger international peace and security. ventive or enforcement action has been taken by the 4. The powers of the General Assembly set forth in Security Council may be suspended from the exercise this Article shall not limit the general scope of Article 10. of the rights and privileges of membership by the Gen­ eral Assembly upon the recommendation of the Security Article 12 Council. The exercise of these rights and privileges may 1. While the Security Council is exercising in respect be restored By the Security Council. of any dispute or situation the functions assigned to it The Charter of the United Nations 1053

in the present Charter, the General Assembly shall not clude: recommendations with respect to the mainte­ make any recommendation with regard to that dispute nance of international peace and security, the election or situation unless the Security Council so requests. of the non-permanent members of the Security Council, 2. The Secretary-General, with the consent of the Se­ the election of the members of the Economic and So­ curity Council, shall notify the General Assembly at cial Council, the election of members of the Trusteeship each session of any matters relative to the maintenance Council in accordance with paragraph 1(c) of Article 86, of international peace and security which are being the admission of new Members to the United Nations, dealt with by the Security Council and shall similarly the suspension of the rights and privileges of member­ notify the General Assembly, or the Members of the ship, the expulsion of Members, questions relating to United Nations if the General Assembly is not in ses­ the operation of the trusteeship system, and budgetary sion, immediately the Security Council ceases to deal questions. with such matters. 3. Decisions on other questions, including the deter­ Article 13 mination of additional categories of questions to be de­ 1. The General Assembly shall initiate studies and cided by a two-thirds majority, shall be made by a ma­ make recommendations for the purpose of: jority of the members present and voting. a. promoting international co-operation in the political field and encouraging the progressive development Article 19 of international law and its codification; A Member of the United Nations which is in arrears b. promoting international co-operation in the eco­ in the payment of its financial contributions to the Or­ nomic, social, cultural, educational, and health ganization shall have no vote in the General Assembly fields, and assisting in the realization of human if the amount of its arrears equals or exceeds the rights and fundamental freedoms for all without dis­ amount of the contributions due from it for the preced­ tinction as to race, sex, language, or religion. ing two full years. The General Assembly may, never­ 2. The further responsibilities, functions and powers theless, permit such a Member to vote if it is satisfied of the General Assembly with respect to matters men­ that the failure to pay is due to conditions beyond the tioned in paragraph 1(b) above are set forth in Chap­ control of the Member. ters IX and X. Procedure Article 14 Article 20 Subject to the provisions of Article 12, the General The General Assembly shall meet in regular annual Assembly may recommend measures for the peaceful sessions and in such special sessions as occasion may adjustment of any situation, regardless of origin, which require. Special sessions shall be convoked by the Sec­ It deems likely to impair the general welfare or friendly retary-General at the request of the Security Council or relations among nations, including situations resulting of a majority of the Members of the United Nations. from a violation of the provisions of the present Charter setting forth the Purposes and Principles of the United Article 21 Nations. The General Assembly shall adopt its own rules of Article 15 procedure. It shall elect its President for each session. 1. The General Assembly shall receive and consider annual and special reports from the Security Council; Article 22 these reports shall include an account of the measures The General Assembly may establish such subsidiary that the Security Council has decided upon or taken to organs as it deems necessary for the performance of its maintain international peace and security. functions. 2. The General Assembly shall receive and consider reports from the other organs of the United Nations. Chapter V THE SECURITY COUNCIL Article 16 The General Assembly shall perform such functions Composition with respect to the international trusteeship system as Article 23' are assigned to it under Chapters XII and XIII, includ­ 1. The Security Council shall consist of fifteen Mem­ ing the approval of the trusteeship agreements for areas bers of the United Nations. The Republic of China, France, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the not designated as strategic.

Article 17 •Amended text of Article 23 which came Into force on 31 1. The General Assembly shall consider and approve August 1965. the budget of the Organization. (The text of Article 23 before It was amended read as follows: 2. The expenses of the Organization shall be borne 1. The Security Council shall consist of eleven Members of by the Members as apportioned by the General Assem­ the United Nations. The Republic of China, France, the bly. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the United Kingdom of 3. The General Assembly shall consider and approve Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States any financial and budgetary arrangements with special­ of America shall be permanent members of the Security Council. The General Assembly shall elect six other Members ized agencies referred to in Article 57 and shall exam­ of the United Nations to be non-permanent members of the ine the administrative budgets of such specialized agen­ Security Council, due regard being specially paid, in the cies with a view to making recommendations to the first instance to the contribution of Members of the United agencies concerned. Nations to the maintenance of international peace and se­ curity and to the other purposes of the Organization, and Voting also to equitable geographical distribution. Article 1B 2. The non-permanent members of the Security Council 1. Each member of the General Assembly shall have shall be elected for a term of two years. In the first election of non-permanent members, however, three shall be chosen one vote. for a term of one year. A retiring member shall not be 2. Decisions of the General Assembly on important eligible for immediate re-election. questions shall be made by a two-thirds majority of the 3. Each member of the Security Council shall have one members present and voting. These questions shall in­ representative.) 1054 Appendix II

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Security Council shall for this purpose be represented and the United States of America shall be permanent at all times at the seat of the Organization. members of the Security Council. The General Assem­ 2. The Security Council shall hold periodic meetings bly shall elect ten other Members of the United Nations at which each of its members may, if it so desires, be to be non-permanent members of the Security Council, represented by a member of the government or by due regard being specially paid, in the first instance to some other specially designated representative. the contribution of Members of the United Nations to 3. The Security Council may hold meetings at such the maintenance of international peace and security and places other than the seat of the Organization as in its to the other purposes of the Organization, and also to judgment will best facilitate its work. equitable geographical distribution. 2. The non-permanent members of the Security Coun­ Article 29 cil shall be elected for a term of two years. In the first The Security Council may establish such subsidiary election of the non-permanent members after the in­ organs as it deems necessary for the performance of its crease of the membership of the Security Council from functions eleven to fifteen, two of the four additional members shall be chosen for a term of one year. A retiring mem­ Article 30 ber shall not be eligible for immediate re-election. The Security Council shall adopt its own rules of pro­ 3. Each member of the Security Council shall have cedure, including the method of selecting its President. one representative. Article 31 Functions and powers Any Member of the United Nations which is not a Article 24 member of the Security Council may participate, without 1. In order to ensure prompt and effective action by vote, in the discussion of any question brought before the United Nations, its Members confer on the Security the Security Council whenever the latter considers that Council primary responsibility for the maintenance of in­ the interests of that Member are specially affected. ternational peace and security, and agree that in carry­ ing out its duties under this responsibility the Security Article 32 Council acts on their behalf. Any Member of the United Nations which is not a 2. In discharging these duties the Security Council member of the Security Council or any state which is shall act in accordance with the Purposes and Princi­ not a Member of the United Nations, if it is a party to a ples of the United Nations. The specific powers granted dispute under consideration by the Security Council, to the Security Council for the discharge of these duties shall be invited to participate, without vote, in the dis­ are laid down in Chapters VI, VII, VIII, and XII. cussion relating to the dispute. The Security Council 3. The Security Council shall submit annual and, shall lay down such conditions as it deems just for the when necessary, special reports to the General Assem­ participation of a state which is not a Member of the bly for its consideration. United Nations.

Article 25 The Members of the United Nations agree to accept Chapter VI and carry out the decisions of the Security Council in PACIFIC SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES accordance with the present Charter. Article 33 Article 26 1. The parties to any dispute, the continuance of In order to promote the establishment and mainte­ which is likely to endanger the maintenance of interna­ nance of international peace and security with the least tional peace and security, shall, first of all, seek a solu­ diversion for armaments of the world's human and eco­ tion by negotiation, enquiry, mediation, conciliation, ar­ nomic resources, the Security Council shall be responsi­ bitration, judicial settlement, resort to regional agencies ble for formulating, with the assistance of the Military or arrangements, or other peaceful means of their own Staff Committee referred to in Article 47, plans to be choice. submitted to the Members of the United Nations for the 2. The Security Council shall, when it deems neces­ establishment of a system for the regulation of arma­ sary, call upon the parties to settle their dispute by ments. such means.

Voting Article 34 Article 27' The Security Council may investigate any dispute, or 1. Each member of the Security Council shall have any situation which might lead to international friction one vote. or give rise to a dispute, in order to determine whether 2. Decisions of the Security Council on procedural the continuance of the dispute or situation is likely to matters shall be made by an affirmative vote of nine members. !Amended text of Article 27 which came into force on 31 3. Decisions of the Security Council on all other August 1965. matters shall be made by an affirmative vote of nine (The text of Article 27 before it was amended read as follows: members including the concurring votes of the perma­ 1. Each member of the Security Council shall have one nent members; provided that, in decisions under Chap­ vote. ter VI, and under paragraph 3 of Article 52, a party to a 2. Decisions of the Security Council on procedural mat­ dispute shall abstain from voting. ters shall be made by an affirmative vote of seven members. 3. Decisions of the Security Council on all other matters Procedure shall be made by an affirmative vote of seven members In­ cluding the concurring votes of the permanent members; Article 28 provided that, in decisions under Chapter VI, and under 1. The Security Council shall be so organized as to paragraph 3 of Article 52, a party to a dispute shall abstain be able to function continuously. Each member of the from voting.) The Charter of the United Nations 1055 endanger the maintenance of international peace and Article 41 security. The Security Council may decide what measures not involving the use of armed force are to be employed to Article 35 give effect to its decisions, and it may call upon the 1. Any Member of the United Nations may bring any Members of the United Nations to apply such measures. dispute, or any situation of the nature referred to in Ar­ These may include complete or partial interruption of ticle 34, to the attention of the Security Council or of economic relations and of rail, sea, air, postal, tele­ the General Assembly. graphic, radio, and other means of communication, and 2. A state which is not a Member of the United Na­ the severance of diplomatic relations. tions may bring to the attention of the Security Council or of the General Assembly any dispute to which it is a Article 42 party if it accepts in advance, for the purposes of the Should the Security Council consider that measures dispute, the obligations of pacific settlement provided in provided for in Article 41 would be inadequate or have the present Charter. proved to be inadequate, it may take such action by air, 3. The proceedings of the General Assembly in re­ sea, or land forces as may be necessary to maintain or spect of matters brought to its attention under this Arti­ restore international peace and security. Such action cle will be subject to the provisions of Articles 11 and 12. may include demonstrations, blockade, and other opera­ tions by air, sea, or land forces of Members of the Article 38 United Nations. 1. The Security Council may, at any stage of a dis­ Article 43 pute of the nature referred to in Article 33 or of a situ­ 1. All Members of the United Nations, in order to ation of like nature, recommend appropriate procedures contribute to the maintenance of international peace or methods of adjustment. and security, undertake to make available to the Secu­ 2. The Security Council should take into considera­ rity Council, on its call and in accordance with a spe­ tion any procedures for the settlement of the dispute cial agreement or agreements, armed forces, assistance, which have already been adopted by the parties. and facilities, including rights of passage, necessary for 3. In making recommendations under this Article the the purpose of maintaining international peace and se­ Security Council should also take into consideration curity. that legal disputes should as a general rule be referred 2. Such agreement or agreements shall govern the by the parties to the International Court of Justice in numbers and types of forces, their degree of readiness accordance with the provisions of the Statute of the and general location, and the nature of the facilities Court. and assistance to be provided. Article 37 3. The agreement or agreements shall be negotiated 1. Should the parties to a dispute of the nature re­ as soon as possible on the initiative of the Security ferred to in Article 33 fail to settle it by the means in­ Council. They shall be concluded between the Security dicated in that Article, they shall refer it to the Security Council and Members or between the Security Council Council. and groups of Members and shall be subject to ratifica­ 2. If the Security Council deems that the continuance tion by the signatory states in accordance with their re­ of the dispute is in fact likely to endanger the mainte­ spective constitutional processes. nance of international peace and security, it shall decide whether to take action under Article 36 or to Article 44 recommend such terms of settlement as it may consider When the Security Council has decided to use force appropriate. it shall, before calling upon a Member not represented Article 38 on it to provide armed forces in fulfilment of the obliga­ Without prejudice to the provisions of Articles 33 to tions assumed under Article 43, invite that Member, if 37, the Security Council may, if all the parties to any the Member so desires, to participate in the decisions dispute so request, make recommendations to the par­ of the Security Council concerning the employment of ties with a view to a pacific settlement of the dispute. contingents of that Member's armed forces.

Chapter VII Article 45 ACTION WITH RESPECT TO THREATS TO In order to enable the United Nations to take urgent THE PEACE, BREACHES OF THE PEACE, military measures, Members shall hold immediately AND ACTS OF AGGRESSION available national air-force contingents for combined in­ ternational enforcement action. The strength and degree Article 39 of readiness of these contingents and plans for their The Security Council shall determine the existence of combined action shall be determined, within the limits any threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of laid down in the special agreement or agreements re­ aggression and shall make recommendations, or decide ferred to in Article 43, by the Security Council with the what measures shall be taken in accordance with Articles assistance of the Military Staff Committee. 41 and 42, to maintain or restore international peace and security. Article 46 Article 40 Plans for the application of armed force shall be In order to prevent an aggravation of the situation, made by the Security Council with the assistance of the the Security Council may, before making the recommen­ Military Staff Committee. dations or deciding upon the measures provided for in Article 39, call upon the parties concerned to comply Article 47 with such provisional measures as it deems necessary 1. There shall be established a Military Staff Commit­ or desirable. Such provisional measures shall be without tee to advise and assist the Security Council on all prejudice to the rights, claims, or position of the parties questions relating to the Security Council's military re­ concerned. The Security Council shall duly take account quirements for the maintenance of international peace of failure to comply with such provisional measures. and security, the employment and command of forces 1056 Appendix II placed at its disposal, the regulation of armaments, and disputes through such regional arrangements or by such possible disarmament. regional agencies before referring them to the Security 2. The Military Staff Committee shall consist of the Council. Chiefs of Staff of the permanent members of the Secu­ 3. The Security Council shall encourage the develop­ rity Council or their representatives. Any Member of the ment of pacific settlement of local disputes through United Nations not permanently represented on the such regional arrangements or by such regional agen­ Committee shall be invited by the Committee to be as­ cies either on the initiative of the states concerned or sociated with it when the efficient discharge of the by reference from the Security Council. Committee's responsibilities requires the participation of 4. This Article in no way impairs the application of that Member in its work. Articles 34 and 35. 3. The Military Staff Committee shall be responsible Article 53 under the Security Council for the strategic direction of 1. The Security Council shall, where appropriate, uti­ any armed forces placed at the disposal of the Security lize such regional arrangements or agencies for en­ Council. Questions relating to the command of such forcement action under its authority. But no enforcement forces shall be worked out subsequently. action shall be taken under regional arrangements or by 4. The Military Staff Committee, with the authorization regional agencies without the authorization of the Secu­ of the Security Council and after consultation with ap­ rity Council, with the exception of measures against any propriate regional agencies, may establish regional sub­ enemy state, as defined in paragraph 2 of this Article, committees. provided for pursuant to Article 107 or in regional ar­ Article 48 rangements directed against renewal of aggressive policy 1. The action required to carry out the decisions of on the part of any such state, until such time as the the Security Council for the maintenance of interna­ Organization may, on request of the Governments con­ tional peace and security shall be taken by all the cerned, be charged with the responsibility for preventing Members of the United Nations or by some of them, as further aggression by such a state. the Security Council may determine. 2. The term enemy state as used in paragraph 1 of 2. Such decisions shall be carried out by the Mem­ this Article applies to any state which during the Sec­ bers of the United Nations directly and through their ac­ ond World War has been an enemy of any signatory of tion in the appropriate international agencies of which the present Charter. they are members. Article 49 Article 54 The Members of the United Nations shall join in af­ The Security Council shall at all times be kept fully fording mutual assistance in carrying out the measures informed of activities undertaken or in contemplation decided upon by the Security Council. under regional arrangements or by regional agencies for the maintenance of international peace and security. Article 50 If preventive or enforcement measures against any Chapter IX state are taken by the Security Council, any other state, INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC AND whether a Member of the United Nations or not, which SOCIAL CO-OPERATION finds itself confronted with special economic problems arising from the carrying out of those measures shall Article 55 have the right to consult the Security Council with re­ With a view to the creation of conditions of stability gard to a solution of those problems. and well-being which are necessary for peaceful and friendly relations among nations based on respect for Artic'.e 51 the principle of equal rights and self-determination of Nothing in the present Charter shall impair the inher­ peoples, the United Nations shall promote: ent right of individual or collective self-defence if an a. higher standards of living, full employment, and armed attack occurs against a Member of the United conditions of economic and social progress and de­ Nations, until the Security Council has taken measures velopment; necessary to maintain international peace and security. b. solutions of international economic, social, health, Measures taken by Members in the exercise of this and related problems; and international cultural and right of self-defence shall be immediately reported to educational co-operation; and the Security Council and shall not in any way affect the c. universal respect for, and observance of, human authority and responsibility of the Security Council rights and fundamental freedoms for all without dis­ under the present Charter to take at any time such ac­ tinction as to race, sex, language, or religion. tion as it deems necessary in order to maintain or re­ store international peace and security. Article 56 All Members pledge themselves to take joint and sep­ Chapter VIM arate action in co-operation with the Organization for REGIONAL ARRANGEMENTS the achievement of the purposes set forth in Article 55.

Article 52 Article 57 1. Nothing in the present Charter precludes the exist­ 1. The various specialized agencies, established by ence of regional arrangements or agencies for dealing intergovernmental agreement and having wide interna­ with such matters relating to the maintenance of inter­ tional responsibilities, as defined in their basic instru­ national peace and security as are appropriate for re­ ments, in economic, social, cultural, educational, health, gional action, provided that such arrangements or agen­ and related fields, shall be brought into relationship cies and their activities are consistent with the with the United Nations in accordance with the provi­ Purposes and Principles of the United Nations. sions of Article 63. 2. The Members of the United Nations entering into 2. Such agencies thus brought into relationship with such arrangements or constituting such agencies shall the United Nations are hereinafter referred to as spe­ make every effort to achieve pacific settlement of local cialized agencies. The Charter of the United Nations 1057

Article 58 2. It may co-ordinate the activities of the specialized The Organization shall make recommendations for the agencies through consultation with and recommenda­ co-ordination of the policies and activities of the spe­ tions to such agencies and through recommendations to cialized agencies. the General Assembly and to the Members of the United Nations. Article 59 Article 64 The Organization shall, where appropriate, initiate ne­ 1. The Economic and Social Council may take appro­ gotiations among the states concerned for the creation priate steps to obtain regular reports from the special­ of any new specialized agencies required for the ac­ ized agencies. It may make arrangements with the Mem­ complishment of the purposes set forth in Article 55. bers of the United Nations and with the specialized agencies to obtain reports on the steps taken to give Article 60 effect to its own recommendations and to recommenda­ Responsibility for the discharge of the functions of tions on matters falling within its competence made by the Organization set forth in this Chapter shall be the General Assembly. vested in the General Assembly and, under the author­ 2. It may communicate its observations on these re­ ity of the General Assembly, in the Economic and So­ ports to the General Assembly. cial Council, which shall have for this purpose the pow­ ers set forth in Chapter X. Article 65 The Economic and Social Council may furnish infor­ Chapter X mation to the Security Council and shall assist the Se­ THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL curity Council upon its request.

Composition Article 66 Article 61* 1. The Economic and Social Council shall perform 1. The Economic and Social Council shall consist of such functions as fall within its competence in connex­ fifty-four Members of the United Nations elected by the ion with the carrying out of the recommendations of the General Assembly. General Assembly. 2. Subject to the provisions of paragraph 3, eighteen 2. It may, with the approval of the General Assembly, members of the Economic and Social Council shall be perform services at the request of Members of the elected each year for a term of three years. A retiring United Nations and at the request of specialized member shall be eligible for immediate re-election. agencies. 3. At the first election after the increase in the mem­ 3. It shall perform such other functions as are speci­ bership of the Economic and Social Council from twen­ fied elsewhere in the present Charter or as may be as­ ty-seven to fifty-four members, in addition to the mem­ signed to it by the General Assembly. bers elected in place of the nine members whose term of office expires at the end of that year, twenty-seven Voting additional members shall be elected. Of these twenty- Article 67 seven additional members, the term of office of nine 1. Each member of the Economic and Social Council members so elected shall expire at the end of one shall have one vote. year, and of nine other members at the end of two 2. Decisions of the Economic and Social Council years, in accordance with arrangements made by the shall be made by a majority of the members present General Assembly. and voting. 4. Each member of the Economic and Social Council shall have one representative. Procedure Article 68 Functions and powers The Economic and Social Council shall set up com­ Article 62 missions in economic and social fields and for the pro­ 1. The Economic and Social Council may make or in­ motion of human rights, and such other commissions as itiate studies and reports with respect to international may be required for the performance of its functions. economic, social, cultural, educational, health, and re­ lated matters and may make recommendations with re­ spect to any such matters to the General Assembly, to 'Amended text of Article 61, which came into force on 24 September 1973. the Members of the United Nations, and to the special­ (The text of Article 61 as previously amended on 31 August ized agencies concerned. 1965 read as follows: 2. It may make recommendations for the purpose of 1. The Economic and Social Council shall consist of promoting respect for, and observance of, human rights twenty-seven Members of the United Nations elected by the and fundamental freedoms for all. General Assembly. 3. It may prepare draft conventions for submission to 2. Subject to the provisions of paragraph 3, nine mem­ the General Assembly, with respect to matters falling bers of the Economic and Social Council shall be elected each year for a term of three years. A retiring member shall within its competence. be eligible for immediate re-election. 4. It may call, in accordance with the rules pre­ 3. At the first election after the increase in the member­ scribed by the United Nations, international conferences ship of the Economic and Social Council from eighteen to on matters falling within its competence. twenty-seven members, in addition to the members elected in place of the six members whose term of office expires at Article 63 the end of that year, nine additional members shall be 1. The Economic and Social Council may enter into elected. Of these nine additional members, the term of office of three members so elected shall expire at the end of agreements with any of the agencies referred to in Arti­ one year, and of three other members at the end of two cle 57, defining the terms on which the agency con­ years, in accordance with arrangements made by the Gen­ cerned shall be brought into relationship with the eral Assembly. United Nations. Such agreements shall be subject to ap­ 4. Each member of the Economic and Social Council proval by the General Assembly. shall have one representative.) 1058 Appendix II

Article 69 Article 74 The Economic and Social Council shall invite any Members of the United Nations also agree that their Member of the United Nations to participate, without policy in respect of the territories to which this Chapter vote, in its deliberations on any matter of particular applies, no less than in respect of their metropolitan concern to that Member. areas, must be based on the general principle of good- neighbourliness, due account being taken of the inter­ Article 70 ests and well-being of the rest of the world, in social, The Economic and Social Council may make arrange­ economic, and commercial matters. ments for representatives of the specialized agencies to participate, without vote, in its deliberations and in Chapter XII those of the commissions established by it, and for its INTERNATIONAL TRUSTEESHIP SYSTEM representatives to participate in the deliberations of the specialized agencies. Article 75 Article 71 The United Nations shall establish under its authority The Economic and Social Council may make suitable an international trusteeship system for the administration arrangements for consultation with non-governmental or­ and supervision of such territories as may be placed ganizations which are concerned with matters within its thereunder by subsequent individual agreements. These competence. Such arrangements may be made with in­ territories are hereinafter referred to as trust territories. ternational organizations and, where appropriate, with national organizations after consultation with the Mem­ Article 76 ber of the United Nations concerned. The basic objectives of the trusteeship system, in ac­ cordance with the Purposes of the United Nations laid Article 72 down in Article 1 of the present Charter, shall be: 1. The Economic and Social Council shall adopt its a. to further international peace and security; own rules of procedure, including the method of select­ b. to promote the political, economic, social, and edu­ ing its President. cational advancement of the inhabitants of the trust 2. The Economic and Social Council shall meet as territories, and their progressive development to­ required in accordance with its rules, which shall in­ wards self-government or independence as may be clude provision for the convening of meetings on the appropriate to the particular circumstances of each request of a majority of its members. territory and its peoples and the freely expressed wishes of the peoples concerned, and as may be Chapter XI provided by the terms of each trusteeship agree­ DECLARATION REGARDING ment; NON-SELF-GOVERNING TERRITORIES c. to encourage respect for human rights and for fun­ damental freedoms for all without distinction as to Article 73 race, sex, language, or religion, and to encourage Members of the United Nations which have or assume recognition of the interdependence of the peoples responsibilities for the administration of territories of the world; and whose peoples have not yet attained a full measure of d. to ensure equal treatment in social, economic, and self-government recognize the principle that the inter­ commercial matters for all Members of the United ests of the inhabitants of these territories are para­ Nations and their nationals, and also equal treat­ mount, and accept as a sacred trust the obligation to ment for the latter in the administration of justice, promote to the utmost, within the system of international without prejudice to the attainment of the foregoing peace and security established by the present Charter, objectives and subject to the provisions of Article 80. the well-being of the inhabitants of these territories, and, to this end: Article 77 a. to ensure, with due respect for the culture of the 1. The trusteeship system shall apply to such territo­ peoples concerned, their political, economic, social, ries in the following categories as may be placed there­ and educational advancement, their just treatment, under by means of trusteeship agreements: and their protection against abuses; a. territories now held under mandate; b. to develop self-government, to take due account of b. territories which may be detached from enemy the political aspirations of the peoples, and to as­ states as a result of the Second World War; and sist them in the progressive development of their c. territories voluntarily placed under the system by free political institutions, according to the particular states responsible for their administration. circumstances of each territory and its peoples and 2. It will be a matter for subsequent agreement as to their varying stages of advancement; which territories in the foregoing categories will be c. to further international peace and security; brought under the trusteeship system and upon what d. to promote constructive measures of development, terms. to encourage research, and to co-operate with one another and, when and where appropriate, with spe­ Article 78 cialized international bodies with a view to the The trusteeship system shall not apply to territories practical achievement of the social, economic, and which have become Members of the United Nations, re­ scientific purposes set forth in this Article; and lationship among which shall be based on respect for e. to transmit regularly to the Secretary-General for the principle of sovereign equality. information purposes, subject to such limitation as security and constitutional considerations may re­ Article 79 quire, statistical and other information of a techni­ The terms of trusteeship for each territory to be cal nature relating to economic, social, and educa­ placed under the trusteeship system, including any al­ tional conditions in the territories for which they teration or amendment, shall be agreed upon by the are respectively responsible other than those territo­ states directly concerned, including the mandatory ries to which Chapters XII and XIII apply. power in the case of territories held under mandate by The Charter of the United Nations 1059 a Member of the United Nations, and shall be approved Chapter XIII as provided for in Articles 83 and 85. THE TRUSTEESHIP COUNCIL

Article 80 Composition 1. Except as may be agreed upon in individual trust­ Article 86 eeship agreements, made under Articles 77, 79, and 81, 1. The Trusteeship Council shall consist of the placing each territory under the trusteeship system, and following Members of the United Nations: until such agreements have been concluded, nothing in a. those Members administering trust territories; this Chapter shall be construed in or of itself to alter in b. such of those Members mentioned by name in Arti­ any manner the rights whatsoever of any states or any cle 23 as are not administering trust territories; and peoples or the terms of existing international instru­ c. as many other Members elected for three-year ments to which Members of the United Nations may re­ terms by the General Assembly as may be neces­ spectively be parties. sary to ensure that the total number of members of 2. Paragraph 1 of this Article shall not be interpreted the Trusteeship Council is equally divided between as giving grounds for delay or postponement of the ne­ those Members of the United Nations which admin­ gotiation and conclusion of agreements for placing man­ ister trust territories and those which do not. dated and other territories under the trusteeship system 2. Each member of the Trusteeship Council shall des­ as provided for in Article 77. ignate one specially qualified person to represent it therein. Article 81 The trusteeship agreement shall in each case include the terms under which the trust territory will be admin­ Functions and powers istered and designate the authority which will exercise Article 87 the administration of the trust territory. Such authority, The General Assembly and, under its authority, the hereinafter called the administering authority, may be Trusteeship Council, in carrying out their functions, one or more states or the Organization itself. may: a. consider reports submitted by the administering au­ Article 82 thority; There may be designated, in any trusteeship agree­ b. accept petitions and examine them in consultation ment, a strategic area or areas which may include part with the administering authority; or all of the trust territory to which the agreement ap­ c. provide for periodic visits to the respective trust plies, without prejudice to any special agreement or territories at times agreed upon with the administer­ agreements made under Article 43. ing authority; and d. take these and other actions in conformity with the terms of the trusteeship agreements. Article 83 1. All functions of the United Nations relating to stra­ tegic areas, including the approval of the terms of the Article 88 trusteeship agreements and of their alteration or amend­ The Trusteeship Council shall formulate a question­ ment, shall be exercised by the Security Council. naire on the political, economic, social, and educational 2. The basic objectives set forth in Article 76 shall be advancement of the inhabitants of each trust territory, applicable to the people of each strategic area. and the administering authority for each trust territory 3. The Security Council shall, subject to the provi­ within the competence of the General Assembly shall sions of the trusteeship agreements and without preju­ make an annual report to the General Assembly upon dice to security considerations, avail itself of the the basis of such questionnaire. assistance of the Trusteeship Council to perform those functions of the United Nations under the trusteeship system relating to political, economic, social, and edu­ Voting cational matters in the strategic areas. Article 89 1. Each member of the Trusteeship Council shall have Article 84 one vote. It shall be the duty.of the administering authority to 2. Decisions of the Trusteeship Council shall be made ensure that the trust territory shall play its part in the by a majority of the members present and voting. maintenance of international peace and security. To this end the administering authority may make use of volun­ teer forces, facilities, and assistance from the trust terri­ Procedure tory in carrying out the obligations towards the Security Article 90 Council undertaken in this regard by the administering 1. The Trusteeship Council shall adopt its own rules authority, as well as for local defence and the mainte­ of procedure, including the method of selecting its nance of law and order within the trust territory. President. 2. The Trusteeship Council shall meet as required in accordance with its rules, which shall include provision Article 85 for the convening of meetings on the request of a ma­ 1. The functions of the United Nations with regard to jority of its members. trusteeship agreements for all areas not designated as strategic, including the approval of the terms of the trusteeship agreements and of their alteration or amend­ Article 91 ment, shall be exercised by the General Assembly. The Trusteeship Council shall, when appropriate, avail 2. The Trusteeship Council, operating under the au­ itself of the assistance of the Economic and Social thority of the General Assembly, shall assist the Gen­ Council and of the specialized agencies in regard to eral Assembly in carrying out these functions. matters with which they are respectively concerned. 1060 Appendix II

Chapter XIV Article 99 THE INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE The Secretary-General may bring to the attention of the Security Council any matter which in his opinion Article 92 may threaten the maintenance of international peace The International Court of Justice shall be the princi­ and security. pal judicial organ of the United Nations. It shall func­ tion in accordance with the annexed Statute, which is Article 100 based upon the Statute of the Permanent Court of Inter­ 1. In the performance of their duties the Secretary- national Justice and forms an integral part of the pres­ General and the staff shall not seek or receive instruc­ ent Charter. tions from any government or from any other authority external to the Organization. They shall refrain from any Article 93 action which might reflect on their position as interna­ 1. All Members of the United Nations are ipso facto tional officials responsible only to the Organization. parties to the Statute of the International Court of Justice. 2. Each Member of the United Nations undertakes to 2. A state which is not a Member of the United respect the exclusively international character of the Nations may become a party to the Statute of the Inter­ responsibilities of the Secretary-General and the staff national Court of Justice on conditions to be deter­ and not to seek to influence them in the discharge of mined in each case by the General Assembly upon the their responsibilities. recommendation of the Security Council. Article 101 Article 94 1. The staff shall be appointed by the Secretary-Gen­ 1. Each Member of the United Nations undertakes to eral under regulations established. by the General comply with the decision of the International Court of Assembly. Justice in any case to which it is a party. 2. Appropriate staffs shall be permanently assigned to 2. If any party to a case fails to perform the obliga­ the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Coun­ tions incumbent upon it under a judgment rendered by cil, and, as required, to other organs of the United the Court, the other party may have recourse to the Nations. These staffs shall form a part of the Secretariat. Security Council, which may, if it deems necessary, 3. The paramount consideration in the employment of make recommendations or decide upon measures to be the staff and in the determination of the conditions of taken to give effect to the judgment. service shall be the necessity of securing the highest standards of efficiency, competence, and integrity. Due Article 95 regard shall be paid to the importance of recruiting the Nothing in the present Charter shall prevent Members staff on as wide a geographical basis as possible. of the United Nations from entrusting the solution of their differences to other tribunals by virtue of agree­ Chapter XVI ments already in existence or which may be concluded MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS in the future. Article 102 Article 96 1. Every treaty and every international agreement 1. The General Assembly or the Security Council may entered into by any Member of the United Nations after request the International Court of Justice to give an the present Charter comes into force shall as soon as advisory opinion on any legal question. possible be registered with the Secretariat and pub­ 2. Other organs of the United Nations and specialized lished by it. agencies, which may at any time be so authorized by 2. No party to any such treaty or international agree­ the General Assembly, may also request advisory opin­ ment which has not been registered in accordance with ions of the Court on legal questions arising within the the provisions of paragraph 1 of this Article may invoke scope of their activities. that treaty or agreement before any organ of the United Nations. Article 103 Chapter XV In the event of a conflict between the obligations of THE SECRETARIAT the Members of the United Nations under the present Charter and their obligations under any other interna­ Article 97 tional agreement, their obligations under the present The Secretariat shall comprise a Secretary-General Charter shall prevail. and such staff as the Organization may require. The Secretary-General shall be appointed by the General Article 104 Assembly upon the recommendation of the Security The Organization shall enjoy in the territory of each Council. He shall be the chief administrative officer of of its Members such legal capacity as may be neces­ the Organization. sary for the exercise of its functions and the fulfilment of its purposes. Article 9S The Secretary-General shall act in that capacity in all Article 105 meetings of the General Assembly, of the Security 1. The Organization shall enjoy in the territory of Council, of the Economic and Social Council, and of each of its Members such privileges and immunities as the Trusteeship Council, and shall perform such other are necessary for the fulfilment of its purposes. functions as are entrusted to him by these organs. The 2. Representatives of the Members of the United Secretary-General shall make an annual report to the Nations and officials of the Organization shall similarly General Assembly on the work of the Organization. enjoy such privileges and immunities as are necessary The Charter of the United Nations 1061 for the independent exercise of their functions in con­ by a vote of any seven members of the Security Coun­ nexion with the Organization. cil. 3. The General Assembly may make recommendations with a view to determining the details of the application of paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article or may propose Chapter XIX conventions to the Members of the United Nations for RATIFICATION AND SIGNATURE this purpose. Article 110 Chapter XVII 1. The present Charter shall be ratified by the signa­ TRANSITIONAL SECURITY ARRANGEMENTS tory states in accordance with their respective constitu­ tional processes. Article 106 2. The ratifications shall be deposited with the Pending the coming into force of such special agree­ Government of the United States of America, which ments referred to in Article 43 as in the opinion of the shall notify all the signatory states of each deposit as Security Council enable it to begin the exercise of its well as the Secretary-General of the Organization when responsibilities under Article 42, the parties to the he has been appointed. Four-Nation Declaration, signed at Moscow, 30 October 3. The present Charter shall come into force upon the 1943, and France, shall, in accordance with the provi­ deposit of ratifications by the Republic of China, sions of paragraph 5 of that Declaration, consult with France, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the one another and as occasion requires with other Mem­ United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, bers of the United Nations with a view to such joint and the United States of America, and by a majority of action on behalf of the Organization as may be neces­ the other signatory states. A protocol of the ratifications sary for the purpose of maintaining international peace deposited shall thereupon be drawn up by the Govern­ and security. ment of the United States of America which shall com­ municate copies thereof to all the signatory states. Article 107 4. The states signatory to the present Charter which Nothing in the present Charter shall invalidate or pre­ ratify it after it has come into force will become origi­ clude action, in relation to any state which during the nal Members of the United Nations on the date of the Second World War has been an enemy of any signatory deposit of their respective ratifications. to the present Charter, taken or authorized as a result of that war by the Governments having responsibility for Article 111 such action. The present Charter, of which the Chinese, French, Russian, English, and Spanish texts are equally authen­ tic, shall remain deposited in the archives of the Gov­ Chapter XVIII ernment of the United States of America. Duly certified AMENDMENTS copies thereof shall be transmitted by that Government to the Governments of the other signatory states. Article 108 Amendments to the present Charter shall come into IN FAITH WHEREOF the representatives of the Gov­ force for all Members of the United Nations when they ernments of the United Nations have signed the present have been adopted by a vote of two thirds of the mem­ Charter. bers of the General Assembly and ratified in accord­ ance with their respective constitutional processes by DONE at the city of San Francisco the twenty-sixth two thirds of the Members of the United Nations, day of June, one thousand nine hundred and forty-five. including all the permanent members of the Security Council. 'Amended text of Article 109 which came into force on 12 Article 109* June 1968. 1. A General Conference of the Members of the (The text of Article 109 before it was amended read as fol­ United Nations for the purpose of reviewing the present lows: Charter may be held at a date and place to be fixed by 1. A General Conference of the Members of the United Nations for the purpose of reviewing the present Charter a two-thirds vote of the members of the General Assem­ may be held at a date and place to be fixed by a two-thirds bly and by a vote of any nine members of the Security vote of the members of the General Assembly and by a Council. Each Member of the United Nations shall have vote of any seven members of the Security Council. Each one vote in the conference. Member of the United Nations shall have one vote in the 2. Any alteration of the present Charter recommended conference. by a two-thirds vote of the conference shall take effect 2. Any alteration of the present Charter recommended by when ratified in accordance with their respective consti­ a two-thirds vote of the conference shall take effect when ratified in accordance with their respective constitutional tutional processes by two thirds of the Members of the processes by two thirds of the Members of the United United Nations including all the permanent members of Nations including all the permanent members of the Security the Security Council. Council. 3. If such a conference has not been held before the 3. If such a conference has not been held before the tenth annual session of the General Assembly following tenth annual session of the General Assembly following the the coming into force of the present Charter, the pro­ coming into force of the present Charter, the proposal to posal to call such a conference shall be placed on the call such a conference shall be placed on the agenda of that session of the General Assembly, and the conference agenda of that session of the General Assembly, and shall be held if so decided by a majority vote of the mem­ the conference shall be held if so decided by a major­ bers of the General Assembly and by a vote of any seven ity vote of the members of the General Assembly and members of the Security Council.) 1062 Appendix II

The Statute of the International Court of Justice

Article 1 its legal faculties and schools of law, and its national THE INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE estab­ academies and national sections of international acade­ lished by the Charter of the United Nations as the prin­ mies devoted to the study of law. cipal judicial organ of the United Nations shall be con­ stituted and shall function in accordance with the Article 7 provisions of the present Statute. 1. The Secretary-General shall prepare a list in alpha­ betical order of all the persons thus nominated. Save as Chapter I provided in Article 12, paragraph 2, these shall be the ORGANIZATION OF THE COURT only persons eligible. 2. The Secretary-General shall submit this list to the Article 2 General Assembly and to the Security Council. The Court shall be composed of a body of independ­ ent judges, elected regardless of their nationality from Article 8 among persons of high moral character, who possess The General Assembly and the Security Council shall the qualifications required in their respective countries proceed independently of one another to elect the mem­ for appointment to the highest judicial offices, or are bers of the Court. jurisconsults of recognized competence in international Article 9 law. At every election, the electors shall bear in mind not Article 3 only that the persons to be elected should individually 1. The Court shall consist of fifteen members, no two possess the qualifications required, but also that in the of whom may be nationals of the same state. body as a whole the representation of the main forms 2. A person who for the purposes of membership in of civilization and of the principal legal systems of the the Court could be regarded as a national of more than world should be assured. one state shall be deemed to be a national of the one in which he ordinarily exercises civil and political Article 10 rights. 1. Those candidates who obtain an absolute majority Article 4 of votes in the General Assembly and in the Security 1. The members of the Court shall be elected by the Council shall be considered as elected. General Assembly and by the Security Council from a 2. Any vote of the Security Council, whether for the list of persons nominated by the national groups in the election of judges or for the appointment of members of Permanent Court of Arbitration, in accordance with the the conference envisaged in Article 12, shall be taken following provisions. without any distinction between permanent and non-per­ 2. In the case of Members of the United Nations not manent members of the Security Council. represented in the Permanent Court of Arbitration, can­ 3. In the event of more than one national of the same didates shall be nominated by national groups state obtaining an absolute majority of the votes both of appointed for this purpose by their governments under the General Assembly and of the Security Council, the the same conditions as those prescribed for members of eldest of these only shall be considered as elected. the Permanent Court of Arbitration by Article 44 of the Convention of The Hague of 1907 for the pacific settle­ Article 11 ment of international disputes. If, after the first meeting held for the purpose of the 3. The conditions under which a state which is a party election, one or more seats remain to be filled, a to the present Statute but is not a Member of the United second and, if necessary, a third meeting shall take Nations may participate in electing the members of the place. Court shall, in the absence of a special agreement, be Article 12 laid down by the General Assembly upon recommenda­ 1. If, after the third meeting, one or more seats still tion of the Security Council. remain unfilled, a joint conference consisting of six members, three appointed by the General Assembly and Article 5 three by the Security Council, may be formed at any 1. At least three months before the date of the elec­ time at the request of either the General Assembly or tion, the Secretary-General of the United Nations shall the Security Council, for the purpose of choosing by the address a written request to the members of the Perma­ vote of an absolute majority one name for each seat nent Court of Arbitration belonging to the states which still vacant, to submit to the General Assembly and the are parties to the present Statute, and to the members Security Council for their respective acceptance. of the national groups appointed under Article 4, para­ 2. If the joint conference is unanimously agreed upon graph 2, inviting them to undertake, within a given time, any person who fulfils the required conditions, he may by national groups, the nomination of persons in a posi­ be included in its list, even though he was not included tion to accept the duties of a member of the Court. in the list of nominations referred to in Article 7. 2. No group may nominate more than four persons, 3. If the joint conference is satisfied that it will not not more than two of whom shall be of their own be successful in procuring an election, those members nationality. In no case may the number of candidates of the Court who have already been elected shall, nominated by a group be more than double the number within a period to be fixed by the Security Council, pro­ of seats to be filled. ceed to fill the vacant seats by selection from among those candidates who have obtained votes either in the Article 6 General Assembly or in the Security Council. Before making these nominations, each national group 4. In the event of an equality of votes among the is recommended to consult its highest court of justice, judges, the eldest judge shall have a casting vote. The Statute of the International Court of Justice 1063

Article 13 Article 21 1. The members of the Court shall be elected for 1. The Court shall elect its President and Vice-Presi­ nine years and may be re-elected; provided, however, dent for three years; they may be re-elected. that of the judges elected at the first election, the terms 2. The Court shall appoint its Registrar and may pro­ of five judges shall expire at the end of three years and vide for the appointment of such other officers as may the terms of five more judges shall expire at the end of be necessary. six years. 2. The judges whose terms are to expire at the end Article 22 of the above-mentioned initial periods of three and six 1. The seat of the Court shall be established at The years shall be chosen by lot to be drawn by the Secre­ Hague. This, however, shall not prevent the Court from tary-General immediately after the first election has sitting and exercising its functions elsewhere whenever been completed. the Court considers it desirable. 3. The members of the Court shall continue to dis­ 2. The President and the Registrar shall reside at the charge their duties until their places have been filled. seat of the Court. Though replaced, they shall finish any cases which they may have begun. Article 23 4. In the case of the resignation of a member of the 1. The Court shall remain permanently in session, Court, the resignation shall be addressed to the Presi­ except during the judicial vacations, the dates and dura­ dent of the Court for transmission to the Secretary-Gen­ tion of which shall be fixed by the Court. eral. This last notification makes the place vacant. 2. Members of the Court are entitled to periodic leave, the dates and duration of which shall be fixed by Article 14 the Court, having in mind the distance between The Vacancies shall be filled by the same method as that Hague and the home of each judge. laid down for the first election, subject to the following 3. Members of the Court shall be bound, unless they provision: the Secretary-General shall, within one month are on leave or prevented from attending by illness or of the occurrence of the vacancy, proceed to issue the other serious reasons duly explained to the President, invitations provided for in Article 5, and the date of the to hold themselves permanently at the disposal of the election shall be fixed by the Security Council. Court.

Article 15 Article 24 A member of the Court elected to replace a member 1. If, for some special reason, a member of the Court whose term of office has not expired shall hold office considers that he should not take part in the decision for the remainder of his predecessor's term. of a particular case, he shall so inform the President. 2. If the President considers that for some special Article 16 reason one of the members of the Court should not sit 1. No member of the Court may exercise any political in a particular case, he shall give him notice accord­ or administrative function, or engage in any other occu­ ingly. pation of a professional nature. 3. If in any such case the member of the Court and 2. Any doubt on this point shall be settled by the the President disagree, the matter shall be settled by decision of the Court. the decision of the Court.

Article 17 Article 25 1. No member of the Court may act as agent, coun­ 1. The full Court shall sit except when it is expressly sel, or advocate in any case. provided otherwise in the present Statute. 2. No member may participate in the decision of any 2. Subject to the condition that the number of judges case in which he has previously taken part as agent, available to constitute the Court is not thereby reduced counsel, or advocate for one of the parties, or as a below eleven, the Rules of the Court may provide for member of a national or international court, or of a allowing one or more judges, according to circum­ commission of enquiry, or in any other capacity. stances and in rotation, to be dispensed from sitting. 3. Any doubt on this point shall be settled by the 3. A quorum of nine judges shall suffice to constitute decision of the Court. the Court.

Article 18 Article 26 1. No member of the Court can be dismissed unless, 1. The Court may from time to time form one or more in the unanimous opinion of the other members, he has chambers, composed of three or more judges as the ceased to fulfil the required conditions. Court may determine, for dealing with particular catego­ 2. Formal notification thereof shall be made to the ries of cases; for example, labour cases and cases Secretary-General by the Registrar. relaling to transit and communications. 3. This notification makes the place vacant. 2. The Court may at any time form a chamber for dealing with a particular case. The number of judges to Article 19 constitute such a chamber shall be determined by the The members of the Court, when engaged on the Court with the approval of the parties. business of the Court, shall enjoy diplomatic privileges 3. Cases shall be heard and determined by the cham­ and immunities. bers provided for in this Article if the parties so request. Article 20 Article 27 Every member of the Court shall, before taking up his A judgment given by any of the chambers provided duties, make a solemn declaration in open court that he for in Articles 26 and 29 shall be considered as ren­ will exercise his powers impartially and conscientiously. dered by the Court. 1064 Appendix II

Article 28 and the Registrar shall have their travelling expenses The chambers provided for in Articles 26 and 29 may, refunded. with the consent of the parties, sit and exercise their 8. The above salaries, allowances, and compensation functions elsewhere than at The Hague. shall be free of all taxation.

Article 29 Article 33 With a view to the speedy dispatch of business, the The expenses of the Court shall be borne by the Court shall form annually a chamber composed of five United Nations in such a manner as shall be decided judges which, at the request of the parties, may hear by the General Assembly. and determine cases by summary procedure. In addi­ tion, two judges shall be selected for the purpose of Chapter II replacing judges who find it impossible to sit. COMPETENCE OF THE COURT

Article 30 Article 34 1. The Court shall frame rules for carrying out its 1. Only states may be parties in cases before the functions. In particular, it shall lay down rules of proce­ Court. dure. 2. The Court, subject to and in conformity with its 2. The Rules of the Court may provide for assessors Rules, may request of public international organizations to sit with the Court or with any of its chambers, with­ information relevant to cases before it, and shall out the right to vote. receive such information presented by such organiza­ tions on their own initiative. Article 31 3. Whenever the construction of the .constituent instru­ 1. Judges of the nationality of each of the parties ment of a public international organization or of an shall retain their right to sit in the case before the international convention adopted thereunder is in ques­ Court. tion in a case before the Court, the Registrar shall so 2. If the Court includes upon the Bench a judge of notify the public international organization concerned the nationality of one of the parties, any other party and shall communicate to it copies of all the written may choose a person to sit as judge. Such person shall proceedings. be chosen preferably from among those persons who have been nominated as candidates as provided in Arti­ Article 35 cles 4 and 5. 1. The Court shall be open to the states parties to 3. If the Court includes upon the Bench no judge of the present Statute. the nationality of the parties, each of these parties may 2. The conditions under which the Court shall be proceed to choose a judge as provided in paragraph 2 open to other states shall, subject to the special provi­ of this Article. sions contained in treaties in force, be laid down by 4. The provisions of this Article shall apply to the the Security Council, but in no case shall such condi­ case of Articles 26 and 29. In such cases, the President tions place the parties in a position of inequality before shall request one or, if necessary, two of the members the Court. of the Court forming the chamber to give place to the 3. When a state which is not a Member of the United members of the Court of the nationality of the parties Nations is a party to a case, the Court shall fix the concerned, and, failing such, or if they are unable to be amount which that party is to contribute towards the ex­ present, to the judges specially chosen by the parties. penses of the Court. This provision shall not apply if 5. Should there be several parties in the same inter­ such state is bearing a share of the expenses of the est, they shall, for the purpose of the preceding provi­ Court. sions, be reckoned as one party only. Any doubt upon this point shall be settled by the decision of the Court. Article 36 6. Judges chosen as laid down in paragraphs 2, 3, 1. The jurisdiction of the Court comprises all cases and 4 of this Article shall fulfil the conditions required which the parties refer to it and all matters specially by Articles 2, 17 (paragraph 2), 20, and 24 of the pres­ provided for in the Charter of the United Nations or in ent Statute. They shall take part in the decision on treaiies and conventions in force. terms of complete equality with their colleagues. 2. The states parties to the present Statute may at any time declare that they recognize as compulsory Article 32 ipso facto and without special agreement, in relation to 1. Each member of the Court shall receive an annual any other state accepting the same obligation, the juris­ salary. diction of the Court in all legal disputes concerning: 2. The President shall receive a special annual allow­ a. The interpretation of a treaty; ance. b. any question of international law; 3. The Vice-President shall receive a special allow­ c. the existence of any fact which, if established, ance for every day on which he acts as President. would constitute a breach of an international obli­ 4. The judges chosen under Article 31, other than gation; members of the Court, shall receive compensation for d. the nature or extent of the reparation to be made each day on which they exercise their functions. for the breach of an international obligation. 5. These salaries, allowances, and compensation shall 3. The declarations referred to above may be made be fixed by the General Assembly. They may not be unconditionally or on condition of reciprocity on the decreased during the term of office. part of several or certain states, or for a certain time. 6. The salary of the Registrar shall be fixed by the 4. Such declarations shall be deposited with the Sec­ General Assembly on the proposal of the Court. retary-General of the United Nations, who shall transmit 7. Regulations made by the General Assembly shall copies thereof to the parties to the Statute and to the fix the conditions under which retirement pensions may Registrar of the Court. be given to members of the Court and to the Registrar, 5. Declarations made under Article 36 of the Statute and the conditions under which members of the Court of the Permanent Court of International Justice and The Statute of the International Court of Justice 1065 which are still in force shall be deemed, as between measures which ought to be taken to preserve the re­ the parties to the present Statute, to be acceptances of spective rights of either party. the compulsory jurisdiction of the International Court of 2. Pending the final decision, notice of the measures Justice for the period which they still have to run and suggested shall forthwith be given to the parties and to in accordance with their terms. the Security Council. 6. In the event of a dispute as to whether the Court has jurisdiction, the matter shall be settled by the deci­ Article 42 sion of the Court. 1. The parties shall be represented by agents. 2. They may have the assistance of counsel or advo­ Article 37 cates before the Court. Whenever a treaty or convention in force provides for 3. The agents, counsel, and advocates of parties be­ reference of a matter to a tribunal to have been insti­ fore the Court shall enjoy the privileges and immunities tuted by the League of Nations, or to the Permanent necessary to the independent exercise of their duties. Court of International Justice, the matter shall, as be­ tween the parties to the present Statute, be referred to Article 43 the International Court of Justice. 1. The procedure shall consist of two parts: written and oral. Article 38 2. The written proceedings shall consist of the com­ 1. The Court, whose function is to decide in accord­ munication to the Court and to the parties of memori­ ance with international law such disputes as are submit­ als, counter-memorials and, if necessary, replies; also ted to it, shall apply: all papers and documents in support. a. international conventions, whether general or partic­ 3. These communications shall be made through the ular, establishing rules expressly recognized by the Registrar, in the order and within the time fixed by the contesting states; Court. b. international custom, as evidence of a general 4. A certified copy of every document produced by practice accepted as law; one party shall be communicated to the other party. c. the general principles of law recognized by civi­ 5. The oral proceedings shall consist of the hearing lized nations; by the Court of witnesses, experts, agents, counsel, and d. subject to the provisions of Article 59, judicial de­ advocates. cisions and the teachings of the most highly quali­ fied publicists of the various nations, as subsidiary Article 44 means for the determination of rules of law. 1. For the service of all notices upon persons other 2. This provision shall not prejudice the power of the than the agents, counsel, and advocates, the Court shall Court to decide a case ex aequo et bono, if the parties apply direct to the government of the state upon whose agree thereto. territory the notice has to be served. 2. The same provision shall apply whenever steps are Chapter III to be taken to procure evidence on the spot. PROCEDURE Article 45 Article 39 The hearing shall be under the control of the Presi­ 1. The official languages of the Court shall be French dent or, if he is unable to preside, of the Vice-Presi­ and English. If the parties agree that the case shall be dent; if neither is able to preside, the senior judge conducted in French, the judgment shall be delivered in present shall preside. French. If the parties agree that the case shall be con­ ducted in English, the judgment shall be delivered in Article 46 English. The hearing in Court shall be public, unless the Court 2. In the absence of an agreement as to which lan­ shall decide otherwise, or unless the parties demand guage shall be employed, each party may, in the plead­ that the public be not admitted. ings, use the language which it prefers; the decision of the Court shall be given in French and English. In this Article 47 case the Court shall at the same time determine which 1. Minutes shall be made at each hearing and signed of the two texts shall be considered as authoritative. by the Registrar and the President. 3. The Court shall, at the request of any party, au­ 2. These minutes alone shall be authentic. thorize a language other than French or English to be used by that party. Article 48 The Court shall make orders for the conduct of the Article 40 case, shall decide the form and time in which each 1. Cases are brought before the Court, as the case party must conclude its arguments, and make all ar­ may be, either by the notification of the special agree­ rangements connected with the taking of evidence. ment or by a written application addressed to the Reg­ istrar. In either case the subject of the dispute and the Article 49 parties shall be indicated. The Court may, even before the hearing begins, call 2. The Registrar shall forthwith communicate the ap­ upon the agents to produce any document or to supply plication to all concerned. any explanations. Formal note shall be taken of any re­ 3. He shall also notify the Members of the United fusal. Nations through the Secretary-General, and also any other states entitled to appear before the Court. Article 50 The Court may, at any time, entrust any individual, Article 41 body, bureau, commission, or other organization that it 1. The Court shall have the power to indicate, if it may select, with the task of carrying out an enquiry or considers that circumstances so require, any provisional giving an expert opinion. 1066 Appendix II

Article 51 provided that such ignorance was not due to negli­ During the hearing any relevant questions are to be gence. put to the witnesses and experts under the conditions 2. The proceedings for revision shall be opened by a laid down by the Court in the rules of procedure re­ judgment of the Court expressly recording the existence ferred to in Article 30. of the new fact, recognizing that it has such a character as to lay the case open to revision, and declaring the Article 52 application admissible on this ground. After the Court has received the proofs and evidence 3. The Court may require previous compliance with within the time specified for the purpose, it may refuse the terms of the judgment before it admits proceedings to accept any further oral or written evidence that one in revision. party may desire to present unless the other side con­ 4. The application for revision must be made at latest sents. within six months of the discovery of the new fact. 5. No application for revision may be made after the Article S3 lapse of ten years from the date of the judgment. 1. Whenever one of the parties does not appear be­ fore the Court, or fails to defend its case, the other Article 62 party may call upon the Court to decide in favour of its 1. Should a state consider that it has an interest of a claim. legal nature which may be affected by the decision in 2. The Court must, before doing so, satisfy itself, not the case, it may submit a request to the Court to be only that it has jurisdiction in accordance with Articles permitted to intervene. 36 and 37, but also that the claim is well founded in 2. It shall be for the Court to decide upon this re­ fact and law. quest. Article 63 Article 54 1. Whenever the construction of a convention to 1. When, subject to the control of the Court, the which states other than those concerned in the case are agents, counsel, and advocates have completed their parties is in question, the Registrar shall notify all such presentation of the case, the President shall declare the states forthwith. hearing closed. 2. Every state so notified has the right to intervene in 2. The Court shall withdraw to consider the judgment. the proceedings; but if it uses this right, the construc­ 3. The deliberations of the Court shall take place in tion given by the judgment will be equally binding upon private and remain secret. it. Article 64 Article 55 Unless otherwise decided by the Court, each party 1. All questions shall be decided by a majority of the shall bear its own costs. judges present. 2. In the event of an equality of votes, the President Chapter IV or the judge who acts in his place shall have a casting ADVISORY OPINIONS vote. Article 56 Article 65 1. The judgment shall state the reasons on which it is 1. The Court may give an advisory opinion on any based. legal question at the request of whatever body may be 2. It shall contain the names of the judges who have authorized by or in accordance with the Charter of the taken part in the decision. United Nations to make such a request. 2. Questions upon which the advisory opinion of the Article 57 Court is asked shall be laid before the Court by means If the judgment does not represent in whole or in of a written request containing an exact statement of part the unanimous opinion of the judges, any judge the question upon which an opinion is required, and ac­ shall be entitled to deliver a separate opinion. companied by all documents likely to throw light upon the question. Article 58 Article 66 The judgment shall be signed by the President and 1. The Registrar shall forthwith give notice of the re­ by the Registrar. It shall be read in open court, due no­ quest for an advisory opinion to all states entitled to tice having been given to the agents. appear before the Court. 2. The Registrar shall also, by means of a special Article 59 and direct communication, notify any state entitled to The decision of the Court has no binding force ex­ appear before the Court or international organization cept between the parties and in respect of that particu­ considered by the Court, or, should it not be sitting, by lar case. the President, as likely to be able to furnish information on the question, that the Court will be prepared to re­ Article 60 ceive, within a time limit to be fixed by the President, The judgment is final and without appeal. In the written statements, or to hear, at a public sitting to be event of dispute as to the meaning or scope of the held for the purpose, oral statements relating to the judgment, the Court shall construe it upon the request question. of any party. 3. Should any such state entitled to appear before the Court have failed to receive the special communication Article 61 referred to in paragraph 2 of this Article, such state 1. An application for revision of a judgment may be may express a desire to submit a written statement or made only when it is based upon the discovery of some to be heard; and the Court will decide. fact of such a nature as to be a decisive factor, which 4. States and organizations having presented written fact was, when the judgment was given, unknown to the or oral statements or both shall be permitted to com­ Court and also to the party claiming revision, always ment on the statements made by other states or organi- The Statute of the International Court of Justice 1067 zations in the form, to the extent, and within the time Chapter V limits which the Court, or, should it not be sitting, the AMENDMENT President, shall decide in each particular case. Accord­ ingly, the Registrar shall in due time communicate any Article 69 such written statements to states and organizations hav­ Amendments to the present Statute shall be effected ing submitted similar statements. by the same procedure as is provided by the Charter of the United Nations for amendments to that Charter, sub­ Article 67 ject however to any provisions which the General As­ The Court shall deliver its advisory opinions in open sembly upon recommendation of the Security Council court, notice having been given to the Secretary-Gen­ may adopt concerning the participation of states which eral and to the representatives of Members of the are parties to the present Statute but are not Members United Nations, of other states and of international or­ of the United Nations. ganizations immediately concerned. Article 70 Article 68 The Court shall have power to propose such amend­ In the exercise of its advisory functions the Court ments to the present Statute as it may deem necessary, shall further be guided by the provisions of the present through written communications to the Secretary-Gen­ Statute which apply in contentious cases to the extent eral, for consideration in conformity with the provisions to which it recognizes them to be applicable. of Article 69. Appendix III The structure of the United Nations

The General Assembly

The General Assembly is composed of all the Members of the Second Committee United Nations. Chairman: Medoune Fall (Senegal).

SESSIONS IN 1974 Third Committee Sixth special session: 9 April-2 May 1974. Chairman: Yahya Mahmassani (Lebanon). Resumed twenty-eighth session: 16 September 1974. Twenty-ninth session:' 17 Septembers8 December 1974 (sus­ Fourth Committee pended). Chairman: Leonardo Diaz Gonzalez (Venezuela).

OFFICERS Fifth Committee President, sixth special and twenty-eighth sessions: Leopoldo Chairman: Mehdi Mrani Zentar (Morocco). Benites (Ecuador). Vice-Presidents, sixth special and twenty-eighth sessions: Sixth Committee China, Czechoslovakia, Fiji, France, Ghana, Guyana, Hon­ Chairman: Sergio Gonzalez Galvez (Mexico). duras, Netherlands, Spain, Sri Lanka, Tunisia, Uganda, USSR, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United Ad Hoc Committee of the Sixth Special Session Republic of Cameroon, United States. Chairman: Fereydoun Hoveyda (Iran). Vice-Chairmen: Jan Arvesen (Norway), Eugeniusz Kulaga (Po­ President, twenty-ninth session: Abdelaziz Bouteflika land), Eustace Seignoret (Trinidad and Tobago). (Algeria). Rapporteur: Hama Arba Diallo (Upper Volta). Vice-Presidents, twenty-ninth session: Austria, Central African Republic, China, France, Germany (Federal Republic of), Twenty-ninth session Haiti, Ivory Coast, Lebanon, Mexico, Nepal, Nicaragua, Philippines, Romania, USSR, United Kingdom, United States, Rrst Committee Zambia. Chairman: Carlos Ortiz de Rozas (Argentina). Vice-Chairmen: Bernhard Neugebauer (German Democratic The Assembly has four types of committees: (1) Main Com­ Republic), Mir Abdul Wahab Siddiq (Afghanistan). mittees; (2) procedural committees; (3) standing committees; Rapporteur: Antonio Leal da Costa Lobo (Portugal). (4) subsidiary and ad hoc bodies. Special Political Committee Chairman: Per Lind (Sweden). Vice-Chairmen: Gheorgui Ghelev (Bulgaria), Jose Luis Main Committees Martinez (Venezuela). Rapporteur: Hassan Abduldjalil (Indonesia). Seven Main Committees have been established under the rules of procedure of the General Assembly, as follows: Second Committee Chairman: Jihad Karam (Iraq). Political and Security Committee (including the regulation of Vice-Chairmen: Izzeldin Hamid (Sudan), Daniel Massonet (Bel­ armaments) (First Committee) gium). Special Political Committee Rapporteur: Luis Lascarro (Colombia). Economic and Financial Committee (Second Committee) Social, Humanitarian and Cultural Committee (Third Commit­ Third Committee tee) Chairman: Mrs. Aminata Marico (Mali). Trusteeship Committee (including Non-Self-Governing Ter­ Vice-Chairmen: Miss Graziella Dubra (Uruguay), Gholam Ali ritories) (Fourth Committee) Sayar (Iran). Administrative and Budgetary Committee (Fifth Committee) Rapporteur: Dietrich von Kyaw (Germany, Federal Republic of). Legal Committee (Sixth Committee) Fourth Committee In addition to these seven Main Committees, the General Chairman: Buyantyn Dashtseren (Mongolia). Assembly may constitute other committees, on which all Mem­ Vice-Chairmen: Mohamad Sidik (Indonesia), Stanislav Suja bers have the right to be represented. (Czechoslovakia). Rapporteur: Arnaldo H. Spencer Araujo (Guinea-Bissau). OFFICERS OF THE MAIN COMMITTEES Fifth Committee Sixth special session Chairman: Costa P. Caranicas (Greece). Vice-Chairmen: Kemil L. Dipp-Gomez (Dominican Republic), First Committee Ernesto C. Garrido (Philippines). Chairman: Knud-Arne H. Eliasen (Denmark). Rapporteur: Mahmoud M. Osman (Egypt).

Special Political Committee 1 The General Assembly's twenty-ninth session, which was suspended Chairman: Karoly Szarka (Hungary). on 18 December 1974, closed on 16 September 1975. The structure of the United Nations 1069

Sixth Committee Committee on Contributions Chairman: Milan Sahovic (Yugoslavia). Members in 1974: Vice-Chairmen: Bengt H. G. A. Broms (Finland), Abdelkrim To serve until 31 December 1974: Joseph Quao Cleland Gana (Tunisia). (Ghana); Angus J. Matheson (Canada); Hussein Nur Elmi Rapporteur: Joseph A. Sanders (Guyana). (Somalia);* David Silveira da Mota, Jr., Vice-Chairman (Brazil); Miss K. Whalley (United Kingdom). Procedural committees To serve until 31 December 1975: Syed Amjad AM, Chairman (Pakistan); Santiago Meyer-Picon (Mexico); Michel Rouge There are two procedural committees of the Assembly: the (France); V. S. Safronchuk (USSR); Wang Wei-tsai (China). General Committee and the Credentials Committee. To serve until 31 December 1976: Richard V. Hennes (United States); Takeshi Naito (Japan); Jozsef Tardos (Hungary). General Committee The General Committee consists of the President of the Gen­ * Resigned with effect from 10 April 1974; the resulting vac­ eral Assembly, as Chairman, the 17 Vice-Presidents and the ancy for the unexpired portion of the term was not filled. Chairmen of the seven Main Committees.* On 29 November 1974, the General Assembly appointed the * For the duration of the sixth special session only, the following for a three-year term starting on 1 January 1975 to fill Chairman of the Ad Hoc Committee of the Sixth Special Ses­ the vacancies occurring on 31 December 1974: Abdel Hamid sion was accorded full rights of membership in the General Abdel-Ghani (Egypt), Japhet Gideon Kiti (Kenya), ''Angus J. Committee. Matheson (Canada), John I. M. Rhodes (United Kingdom), David Silveira da Mota, Jr. (Brazil). Credential* Committee The Credentials Committee consists of nine members ap­ Members for 1975: Abdel Hamid Abdel-Ghani (Egypt), Syed pointed by the General Assembly on the proposal of the Presi­ Amjad Ali (Pakistan), Richard V. Hennes (United States), dent. Japhet Gideon Kiti (Kenya), Angus J. Matheson (Canada), Santiago Meyer-Picon (Mexico), Takeshi Naito (Japan), John Sixth special session I. M. Rhodes (United Kingdom), Michel Rouge (France), V. S. China, Greece, Japan, Nicaragua, Senegal, USSR, United Safronchuk (USSR), David Silveira da Mota, Jr. (Brazil), Joz­ Republic of Tanzania, United States, Uruguay {Chairman). sef Tardos (Hungary), Wang Wei-tsai (China). Twenty-ninth session Subsidiary, ad hoc and related bodies Belgium, China, Costa Rica, Philippines {Chairman), Senegal, USSR, United Republic of Tanzania, United States, Ven­ The following subsidiary, ad hoc and related bodies were ezuela. either in existence or functioning in 1974, or else were estab­ lished during the General Assembly's sixth special session held Standing committees from 9 April to 2 May 1974, and twenty-ninth session held from 17 September to 18 December 1974. Those bodies marked * The General Assembly has two standing committees: the were set up or began to function during 1974, and those Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Ques­ marked t were discontinued in 1974. tions and the Committee on Contributions. Each consists of experts appointed in their individual capacities for a three-year Interim Committee of the General Assembly term. Special Committee on Peace-keeping Operations Working Group Advisory Committee on Administrative Disarmament Commission and Budgetary Questions Ad Hoc Committee on the World Disarmament Conference Members in 1974: Special Committee on the Distribution of the Funds Released To serve until 31 December 1974: Mohsen Sadigh Esfandiary as a Result of the Reduction of Military Budgetst (Iran); Hou Tung (China); Andre Naudy (France); John I. M. Ad Hoc Committee on the Indian Ocean Rhodes, Chairman (United Kingdom); Satoru Takahashi Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (Japan). Scientific and Technical Sub-Committee To serve until 31 December 1975: Lucio Garcia del Solar Working Group on Remote Sensing of the Earth by (Argentina); A. V. Grodsky (USSR); Mario Majoli (Italy); David Satellitest L. Stottlemyer (United States). Legal Sub-Committee To serve until 31 December 1976: Paulo Lopes Correa (Brazil); Working Group on Direct Broadcast Satellites C. S. M. Mselle (United Republic of Tanzania); Louis- Working Group on a Navigation Services Satellite System Dominique Ouedraogo (Upper Volta); Stanislaw Raczkowski United Nations Scientific Advisory Committee (Poland). United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation On 12 November 1974, the General Assembly appointed the Panel for Inquiry and Conciliation following for a three-year term starting on 1 January 1975 to fill Peace Observation Commission the vacancies occurring on 31 December 1974: Yasushi Akashi Collective Measures Committee (Japan), Hou Tung (China), Andre Naudy (France), Michael F. H. Panel of Military Experts Stuart (United Kingdom), Morteza Talieh (Iran). United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Ref­ Members for 1975: Yasushi Akashi (Japan), Paulo Lopes Correa ugees in the Near East (UNRWA) (Brazil), Lucio Garcia del Solar (Argentina), A. V. Grodsky Advisory Commission of UNRWA (USSR), Hou Tung (China), Mario Majoli' (Italy), C. S. M. Working Group on the Financing of UNRWA Mselle (United Republic of Tanzania), Andre Naudy (France), Special Committee on the Situation with regard to the Im­ Louis-Dominique Ouedraogo (Upper Volta), Stanislaw Racz­ plementation of the Declaration on the Granting of Inde­ kowski (Poland), David L. Stottlemyer (United States), pendence to Colonial Countries and Peoples Michael F. H. Stuart (United Kingdom), Morteza Talieh (Iran). Working Group 1070 Appendix III

Sub-Committee on Petitions and Information Group of Experts on the Draft Convention on Territorial Sub-Committee I Asylum* Sub-Committee II Consultative Committee for the Conference of the International Working Group on the Implementation by the Specialized Women's Year* Agencies and the International Institutions Associated Ad Hoc Committee of the Whole Assembly with the United Nations of the Declaration on the Grant­ United Nations Joint Staff Pension Board ing of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples Standing Committee of the Pension Board and Other Relevant Resolutions of the United Nations Committee of Actuaries Special Committee against Apartheid United Nations Staff Pension Committee Sub-Committee on Petitions and Information Investments Committee Sub-Committee on the Implementation of United Nations Board of Auditors Resolutions and Collaboration with South Africa Panel of External Auditors Committee of Trustees of the United Nations Trust Fund for Joint Inspection Unit South Africa Working Group on Currency Instability! United Nations Council for Namibia Consultative Panel on Public Information Committee on the United Nations Fund for Namibia' Committee on Conferences* Standing Committee I International Civil Service Commission* Standing Committee II Working Group on United Nations Programme and Budget Standing Committee III Machinery* Sub-Committee on the Situation in Angola United Nations Administrative Tribunal Commission of Inquiry on the Reported Massacres in Committee on Applications for Review of Administrative Tri­ Mozambique! bunal Judgements Advisory Committee on the United Nations Educational and International Law Commission Training Programme for Southern Africa Sub-Committee on the Law of the Non-Navigational Uses of United Nations Conference on Trade and Development International Watercourses* ! (UNCTAD) Committee on Arrangements for a Conference for the Purpose Trade and Development Board of Reviewing the Charter Advisory Committee to the Board and to the Committee on Ad Hoc Committee on the Charter of the United Nations* Commodities Special Committee on the Question of Defining Aggression! Committee on Commodities Working Group Permanent Group on Synthetics and Substitutes Commission on Permanent Sovereignty over Natural Re­ Committee on Tungsten sources Committee on Manufactures Advisory Committee on the United Nations Programme of As­ Committee on Invisibles and Financing related to Trade sistance in the Teaching, Study, Dissemination and Wider Committee on Shipping Appreciation of International Law Working Group on International Shipping Legislation United Nations Commission on International Trade Law Special Committee on Preferences (UNCITRAL) Intergovernmental Group on Transfer of Technology! Working Group on the International Sale of Goods Committee on Transfer of Technology* Working Group on International Legislation on Shipping Joint Advisory Group on the UNCTAD/GATT International Working Group on International Negotiable Instruments Trade Centre Committee on Relations with the Host Country United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Working Group United Nations Capital Development Fund Executive Board United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) Interim Committee of the General Assembly Industrial Development Board Each Member of the United Nations has the right to be rep­ Permanent Committee resented on the Interim Committee. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) The Committee did not meet in 1974. Governing Council Environment Co-ordination Board Special Committee on Peace-keeping Operations Preparatory Committee for Habitat: United Nations Conference In 1974, the Special Committee on Peace-keeping Opera­ on Human Settlements tions held meetings at United Nations Headquarters, New York, Ad Hoc Committee on the Special Programme*! on 1 February and 31 October. United Nations Special Fund* Board of Governors* Members in 1974: Afghanistan, Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Group of Experts on the Structure of the United Nations Austria, Brazil {Vice-Chairman), Canada (Vice-Chairman), System* Czechoslovakia {Vice-Chairman), Denmark, Egypt (Rappor­ World Food Council* teur), El Salvador, Ethiopia, France, Hungary, India, Iraq, United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) Italy, Japan (Vice-Chairman), Mauritania, Mexico, Nether­ Board of Trustees lands, Nigeria (Chairman), Pakistan, Poland, Romania, Sierra Council of the United Nations University Leone, Spain, Thailand, USSR, United Kingdom, United Ad Hoc Advisory Group on Youth States, Venezuela, Yugoslavia. United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination WORKING GROUP Special Committee to Investigate Israeli Practices Affecting the Members in 1974: Argentina, France, India, Pakistan, USSR, Human Rights of the Population of the Occupied Ter­ United Kingdom, United States and the officers of the Spe­ ritories cial Committee on Peace-keeping Operations (Brazil, Special Committee to Select the Winners of the United Nations Canada, Czechoslovakia, Egypt, Japan, Nigeria). Human Rights Prize Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Disarmament Commission (UNHCR) The Disarmament Commission consists of all the Members of Executive Committee of the High Commissioner's Pro­ the United Nations. gramme It did not meet in 1974. The structure of the United Nations 1071

Ad Hoc Committee on the World many (Federal Republic of),* Hungary, India, Indonesia,* Iran, Disarmament Conference Italy, Japan, Kenya,* Lebanon, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, The Ad Hoc Committee on the World Disarmament Confer­ Nigeria,* Pakistan,* Poland, Romania, Sierra Leone, Sudan,* ence was established by the General Assembly on 18 December Sweden, USSR, United Kingdom, United States, Venezuela.* 1973 to consist of 40 non-nuclear-weapon Member States; States possessing nuclear weapons were to be invited to co­ * Appointed by the President of the twenty-eighth session of operate or maintain contact with the Committee. It held meet­ the General Assembly, as stated in his letter of 14 February 1974 ings at United Nations Headquarters, New York, between 7 and to the Secretary-General, in pursuance of the Assembly's deci­ 10 May, 24 and 27 June and 9 and 13 September 1974. sion of 18 December 1973 to enlarge the Committee's member­ ship from 28 to a maximum of 37. Members in 1974: Algeria, Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burundi, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Czechoslova­ Chairman: Peter Jankowitsch (Austria). kia, Egypt, Ethiopia, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Italy, Vice-Chairman: Ion Datcu (Romania). Japan, Lebanon, Liberia, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Rapporteur: Luiz Felipe de Seixas-Correa (Brazil). Netherlands, Nigeria, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Romania, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Tunisia, Turkey, Ven­ SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL SUB-COMMITTEE ezuela, Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia. The Sub-Committee, a committee of the whole, held its eleventh session at United Nations Headquarters, New York, Chairman: Fereydoun Hoveyda (Iran). from 15 to 26 April 1974. Vice-Chairmen: Eugeniusz Kulaga (Poland), Patrice Mikanagu (Burundi), Javier Perez de Cuellar (Peru). Chairman: J. H. Carver (Australia). Rapporteur: Antonio Ellas (Spain). Working Group on Remote Sensing Special Committee on the Distribution of the Funds Released of the Earth by Satellites as a Result of the Reduction of Military Budgets A working group of the whole of the Scientific and Technical Members in 1974:' Barbados, Brazil, Chile, Ethiopia, German Sub-Committee, the Working Group held its third, and final, Democratic Republic, India, Laos, Mali, Nigeria, Poland, session at United Nations Headquarters, New York, from Syrian Arab Republic, USSR. 25 February to 5 March 1974.

* In reply to the Secretary-General's letter of 2 August 1974, Chairman: Emilio Franco Fiorio (Italy). requesting the names of the representatives of their Govern­ Rapporteur: Mrs. Famah J. Joka-Bangura (Sierra Leone). ments to the Special Committee, China, France, the United Kingdom and the United States-^which, together with the LEGAL SUB-COMMITTEE USSR, were designated members of the Special Committee The Sub-Committee, a committee of the whole, held its thir­ upon its establishment on 7 December 1973—declined to serve teenth session at Geneva, Switzerland, from 6 to 31 May 1974. on the Special Committee. The other 11 members were ap­ pointed by the President of the twenty-eighth session of the Chairman: Eugeniusz Wyzner (Poland). General Assembly, as stated in his letter of 5 July 1974 to the Secretary-General. Two seats reserved for States from the reg­ WORKING GROUP ON DIRECT BROADCAST SATELLITES ional group of Western Europe and other States remained un­ The Working Group held its fifth session at Geneva, Switzer­ filled in 1974. land, from 11 to 22 March 1974.

The Special Committee did not meet in 1974. Chairman: Olof Rydbeck (Sweden).

M Hoc Committee on the Indian Ocean WORKING GROUP ON A NAVIGATION The Ad Hoc Committee on the Indian Ocean held 12 meetings SERVICES SATELLITE SYSTEM at United Nations Headquarters, New York, between 7 June and The Working Group adjourned sine die in July 1967. 15 October 1974. United Nations Scientific Advisory Committee Members in 1974: Australia, China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Members in 1974: Brazil, Canada, France, India, USSR, United Japan, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mauritius, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Kingdom, United States. United Republic of Tanzania, Yemen, Zambia. The Committee did not meet in 1974. Chairman: H. S. Amerasinghe (Sri Lanka). Vice-Chairman: Raden Kusumasmoro (Indonesia). United Nations Scientific Committee on the Rapporteur: Moise A. Rakotosihanaka (Madagascar). Effects of Atomic Radiation In 1974, the United Nations Scientific Committee on the On 9 December 1974, the General Assembly enlarged the Effects of Atomic Radiation held its twenty-third session at composition of the Ad Hoc Committee from 15 to 18 by the Vienna, Austria, from 14 to 17 October. addition of Bangladesh, Kenya and Somalia. Members in 1974: Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Members for 1975: Australia, Bangladesh, China, India, In­ Canada, Czechoslovakia, Egypt, France, Germany (Federal donesia, Iran, Iraq, Japan, Kenya, Madagascar, Malaysia, Republic of),* India, Indonesia,* Japan, Mexico, Peru,* Mauritius, Pakistan, Somalia, Sri Lanka, United Republic of Poland,* Sudan,* Sweden, USSR, United Kingdom, United Tanzania, Yemen, Zambia. States.

Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space * Appointed by the President of the twenty-eighth session of The Committee held its seventeenth session at United Na­ the General Assembly, as stated in his letter of 6 May 1974 to the tions Headquarters, New York, from 1 to 12 July 1974. Secretary-General, in pursuance of the Assembly's decision of 14 December 1973 to increase the Committee's membership Members in 1974: Albania, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bel­ from 15 to a maximum of 20. gium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chad, Chile,* Czechoslova­ kia, Egypt, France, German Democratic Republic,* Ger­ Chairman: Luiz R. Caldas (Brazil). 1072 Appendix III

Vice-Chairman: F. H. Sobels (Belgium). Vice-Chairmen: Mehdi Ehsassi (Iran), A. Duncan Campbell Rapporteur: Cesar B. Guzman Acevedo (Peru). (Australia), Ivan G. Garvalov (Bulgaria). Rapporteur: Horacio Arteaga Acosta (Venezuela). Panel for Inquiry and Conciliation The Panel for Inquiry and Conciliation was established by the WORKING GROUP General Assembly in 1949 (by resolution 268 D (III))2 and con­ In 1974, the Working Group of the Special Committee, which sisted of qualified persons, designated by United Nations functions as a steering committee, consisted of the Congo, Member States for a term of five years. Iraq, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia and the five officers of the The Panel was not called upon in 1974. Special Committee.

Peace Observation Commission SUB-COMMITTEE ON PETITIONS AND INFORMATION Members in 1974: Czechoslovakia, France, Honduras, India, Members in 1974: Czechoslovakia, India, Indonesia, Iraq Iraq, Israel, New Zealand, Pakistan, Sweden, USSR, United (Chairman), Ivory Coast, Mali, Sierra Leone, Syrian Arab Kingdom, United States, Uruguay. Republic.

The Commission did not meet in 1974. SUB-COMMITTEE I Members in 1974: Chile, China, Congo, Mali, Sierra Leone Collective Measures Committee (Chairman), Syrian Arab Republic, USSR, United Republic of Members in 1974: Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Burma, Canada, Tanzania, Yugoslavia. Egypt, France, Mexico, Philippines, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, Venezuela, Yugoslavia. SUB-COMMITTEE II Members in 1974: Afghanistan, Australia, Bulgaria, Chile, The Committee did not meet in 1974. Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Ethiopia (Chairman), Fiji, India, Indonesia (Vice-Chairman), Iran, Iraq, Ivory Coast, Trinidad Panel of Military Experts and Tobago (Rapporteur), Venezuela. The General Assembly's "Uniting for Peace" resolution of 3 November 1950 (resolution 377 (V))3 called for the appoint­ WORKING GROUP ON THE IMPLEMENTATION BY THE SPECIALIZED ment of military experts to be available, on request, to United AGENCIES AND THE INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS ASSOCIATED Nations Member States wishing to obtain technical advice on WITH THE UNITED NATIONS OF THE DECLARATION ON THE GRANT­ the organization, training and equipment of elements within ING OF INDEPENDENCE TO COLONIAL COUNTRIES AND PEOPLES their national armed forces which could be made available, in AND OTHER RELEVANT RESOLUTIONS OF THE UNITED NATIONS accordance with national constitutional processes, for service Members in 1974: Bulgaria, Denmark, India (Chairman), Iraq, as a unit or units of the United Nations upon the recommenda­ Tunisia, United Republic of Tanzania. tion of the Security Council or the General Assembly. Special Committee against Apartheid4 United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine Members in 1974:' Algeria, Ghana, Guinea, Haiti, Hungary, Members in 1974: France, Turkey, United States. India, Malaysia, Nepal, Nigeria, Peru, Philippines, Somalia, Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, Trinidad and Tobago, Ukrain­ United Nations Relief and Works Agency for ian SSR. Palestine Refugees In the Near East (UNRWA) Commissioner-General: Sir John Shaw Rennie. * On 16 December 1974, the General Assembly decided to Deputy Commissioner-General: C. William Kontos (until 5 April expand the membership of the Special Committee. By the end 1974), Thomas W. McElhiney (from 9 April 1974). of 1974, the President of the Assembly had not yet appointed additional members in pursuance of that decision, or of the ADVISORY COMMISSION OF UNRWA Assembly's earlier decision of 8 December 1970 to increase the In 1974, the Advisory Commission held meetings at Beirut, membership of the Special Committee to a maximum of 18 Lebanon, on 26 June and 27 August. (having appointed only 5 of the maximum of 7 additional mem­ bers authorized). Members in 1974: Belgium {Chairman, August meeting), Egypt [Chairman, June meeting), France, Japan, Jordan, Lebanon, Chairman: Edwin Ogebe Ogbu (Nigeria). Syrian Arab Republic, Turkey, United Kingdom, United Vice-Chairmen: V. N. Martynenko (Ukrainian SSR), Eustace States. Seignoret (Trinidad and Tobago). Rapporteur: Nicasio G. Valderrama (Philippines). WORKING GROUP ON THE FINANCING OF UNRWA Members in 1974: France, Ghana (Vice-Chairman), Japan, SUB-COMMITTEE ON PETITIONS AND INFORMATION Lebanon, Norway (Rapporteur), Trinidad and Tobago, Tur­ Members in 1974: Algeria (Chairman), Haiti, India, Philippines, key (Chairman), United Kingdom, United States. Trinidad and Tobago,* Ukrainian SSR.

Special Committee on the Situation with regard to the * Reassigned by the Special Committee on 7 March 1974 Implementation of the Declaration on the Granting of from the Sub-Committee on the Implementation of United Na­ Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples tions Resolutions and Collaboration with South Africa. Members in 1974: Afghanistan, Australia, Bulgaria, Chile, China, Congo, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Ethiopia, Fiji, SUB-COMMITTEE ON THE IMPLEMENTATION India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ivory Coast, Mali, Sierra Leone, OF UNITED NATIONS RESOLUTIONS Syrian Arab Republic, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, USSR, AND COLLABORATION WITH SOUTH AFRICA United Republic of Tanzania, Venezuela,* Yugoslavia. Members in 1974: Ghana, Guinea, Hungary, Malaysia, Nepal, Nigeria, Peru* (Chairman), Somalia, Sudan, Syrian Arab * On 18 December 1974, the General Assembly appointed Republic. Cuba, with effect from 1 January 1975, to fill the vacancy result­ ing from Venezuela's withdrawal from the Special Committee 2 See Y.U.N., 1948-1949, pp. 416-17. on 31 December 1974. J See Y.U.N., 1950, pp. 193-95. 4 Formerly known as the Special Committee on Apartheid, the Special Chairman: Salim A. Salim (United Republic of Tanzania). Committee was renamed by the General Assembly on 16 December 1974. The structure of the United Nations 1073

* Reassigned by the Special Committee on 7 March 1974 United Kingdom, between 14 and 17 May; at Madrid, Spain, from the Sub-Committee on Petitions and Information. between 20 and 22 May; at Rome, Italy, between 27 and 29 May; and at Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania, between 3 Committee of Trustees of the United Nations and 16 June. Trust Fund for South Africa Members in 1974: Chile, Morocco, Nigeria (Vice-Chairman), Members in 1974: German Democratic Republic, Honduras, Pakistan, Sweden (Chairman). Madagascar, Nepal, Norway.

United Nations Council for Namibia Chairman: Shailendra Kumar Upadhyay (Nepal). Members in 1974: Burundi, Chile, China, Colombia, Egypt, Guyana, India, Indonesia, Liberia, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Advisory Committee on the United Nations Educational Poland, Romania, Turkey, USSR, Yugoslavia, Zambia. and Training Programme for Southern Africa Members in 1974: Canada (Chairman), Denmark, India, United President: Rashleigh E. Jackson (Guyana). Republic of Tanzania, Venezuela, Zaire, Zambia.

The Chairmen and Vice-Chairmen of the Council's three United Nations Conference on Trade standing committees comprise a steering committee which and Development (UNCTAD) performs the functions usually entrusted to a rapporteur. The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development On 13 December 1974, the General Assembly requested its consists of those States which are Members of the United President to nominate additional members to the Council with Nations or members of the specialized agencies or of the Inter­ a view to ensuring a broader representation in the Council. The national Atomic Energy Agency. subsequent nomination of Algeria, Australia, Bangladesh, Botswana, Finland, Haiti and Senegal was confirmed by the TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT BOARD Assembly on 18 December 1974. The Trade and Development Board is a permanent organ of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, and Members for 1975: Algeria, Australia, Bangladesh, Botswana, consists of 68 members elected from the following four groups Burundi, Chile, China, Colombia, Egypt, Finland, Guyana, of States: Haiti, India, Indonesia, Liberia, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Poland, Romania, Senegal, Turkey, USSR, Yugoslavia, Zam­ Group A. 29 of the following States: Afghanistan, Algeria, bia. Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Botswana, Burma, Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, China, Congo, Dahomey, United Nations Commissioner for Namibia: Sean MacBride.* Democratic Yemen, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,* India, * On 13 December 1974, the General Assembly extended Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Ivory Coast, Jordan, Kenya, Sean MacBride's appointment as United Nations Commis­ Khmer Republic, Democratic People's Republic of Korea,* sioner for Namibia for a further one-year term to expire on Republic of Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, 31 December 1975. Libyan Arab Republic, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mal­ dives, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mongolia, Morocco, COMMITTEE ON THE UNITED NATIONS FUND FOR NAMIBIA* Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Qatar, Members in 1974: India, Nigeria, Turkey, Yugoslavia; the Presi­ Republic of Viet-Nam, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, dent of the Council (Chairman) and the United Nations Com­ Sierra Leone, Singapore, Somalia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, missioner for Namibia (ex officio). Sudan, Swaziland, Syrian Arab Republic, Thailand, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, United Republic of * Established by the United Nations Council for Namibia on Cameroon, United Republic of Tanzania, Upper Volta, 3 May 1974. Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia. Group B. 21 of the following States: Australia, Austria, Bel­ STANDING COMMITTEE I gium, Canada, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany Members in 1974: China, Colombia, Egypt, Guyana, Indonesia, (Federal Republic of), Greece, Holy See, Iceland, Ireland, Nigeria, Poland, Turkey, USSR, Zambia (Chairman). Italy, Japan, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, San Marino, STANDING COMMITTEE II Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, Members in 1974: Chile, Guyana, Liberia, Mexico (Wce- United States. Chairman), Pakistan, Romania (Chairman), USSR. Group C. 11 of the following States: Argentina, Bahamas,* Barbados, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, STANDING COMMITTEE III Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Members in 1974: Burundi (Vice-Chairman), Egypt, Guyana, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, India (Chairman), Indonesia, Turkey, Yugoslavia. Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela. Sub-Committee on the Situation in Angola Group D. 7 of the following States: Albania, Bulgaria, Members: Bolivia, Dahomey, Finland, Malaysia, Sudan. Byelorussian SSR, Czechoslovakia, German Democratic Republic,* Hungary, Poland, Romania, Ukrainian SSR, The Sub-Committee reported to both the General Assembly USSR. and the Security Council in 1961 and 1962. It adjourned sine die alter consideration of its report to the General Assembly's The members of the Trade and Development Board are seventeenth session in December 1962. elected at each regular session of the Conference and serve until the election of their successors. Commission of Inquiry on the Reported The States listed with an asterisk (*) became members of Massacres In Mozambique UNCTAD after the third session of the Conference, held at In 1974, the Commission held two series of closed meetings Santiago, Chile, from 13 April to 21 May 1972. at United Nations Headquarters, New York: a first series, be­ On 20 August 1974, the Board decided that, forthe purpose of tween 15 April and 7 May; and a second, and final, series, be­ elections to subsidiary bodies of UNCTAD, Guinea-Bissau, tween 3 October and 21 November. During its field mission to which became a member of UNCTAD on 17 September 1974, Europe and Africa, it also held meetings as follows: at London, should be treated as if it were among the countries listed in 1074 Appendix III

Group A; and the Bahamas, which became a member of the appointment of the new members of the Advisory Commit­ UNCTAD on 18 September 1973, as if it were among the coun­ tee to fill the vacancies occurring on 14 February 1975. tries listed in Group C. The Group listing for the Democratic t Did not attend the ninth session. People's Republic of Korea and for the German Democratic Republic was decided upon in 1973. SUBSIDIARY ORGANS OF THE On 17 September 1974, Grenada became a Member of the TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT BOARD United Nations and, ipso facto, of UNCTAD. No decision was Thefollowing are the main subsidiary bodies of the Trade and taken in 1974 as to its Group listing. Development Board:

BOARD MEMBERS IN 1974 Committee on Commodities Group A: China, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, India, Permanent Group on Synthetics and Substitutes Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kenya, Libyan Arab Republic, Committee on Tungsten Madagascar, Malaysia, Mauritius, Nepal, Nigeria, Pakistan, Committee on Manufactures Philippines, Rwanda, Senegal, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Syrian Arab Committee on Invisibles and Financing related to Trade Republic, Thailand, Uganda, Upper Volta. Yugoslavia, Zaire. Committee on Shipping Group B: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Fin­ Working Group on International Shipping Legislation land, France, Germany (Federal Republic of), Greece, Ire­ Special Committee on Preferences land, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Spain, Intergovernmental Group on Transfer of Technology Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United Committee on Transfer of Technology States. Group C: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, The main committees of the Board are open to the participa­ Guatemala, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela. tion of all interested member States of the Conference, on the Group D: Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, understanding that those wishing to attend a particular session Romania, Ukrainian SSR, USSR. of one or more of the main committees communicate their intention to the Secretary-General of UNCTAD during the pre­ SESSIONS DURING 1974 ceding regular session of the Board. On the basis of such During 1974, the Trade and Development Board held the first notifications, the Board determines the membership of the part of its fourteenth session at Geneva, Switzerland, from main committees. 20 August to 13 September. COMMITTEE ON COMMODITIES OFFICERS (BUREAU) OF THE BOARD IN 1974 The Committee on Commodities did not meet in 1974. Fourteenth session (first part) On 6 September 1974, the Trade and Development Board President: Andrey Lukanov (Bulgaria). confirmed that the Committee would comprise the following 87 Vice-Presidents: Tibor Fabian (Hungary), Jean Fernand- members at its next regular (eighth) session: Laurent (France), Kamal Hasa (Jordan), Martin J. Huslid Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, (Norway), Cinyanta Mutati Kasasa (Zaire), Milos Lalovic Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burundi, Canada, Central African (Yugoslavia), Augusto Legnani (Uruguay), Misbah Ibrahim Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Oreibi (Libyan Arab Republic), Jose Serrate Aguilera Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, (Bolivia), Colin F. Teese (Australia). Egypt, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Gabon, German Rapporteur: Lawrence L. Herman (Canada). Democratic Republic, Germany (Federal Republic of), Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Honduras, Hungary, India, Indone­ sia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Japan, ADVISORY COMMITTEE TO THE BOARD Kenya, Democratic People's Republic of Korea,* Republic of AND TO THE COMMITTEE ON COMMODITIES Korea, Libyan Arab Republic* Madagascar, Malaysia, Mauri­ The Advisory Committee held its ninth session at Geneva, tius, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Pa­ Switzerland, from 15 to 19 July 1974. kistan, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Republic of Viet-Nam, Romania, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia,* Senegal, Spain, Sri Lanka, Members (to serve until 14 February 1975):* Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Syrian Arab Republic, Thailand, S. Osman Ali (Pakistan), elected by the Board as Chairman; Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, USSR, S. R. Sen (India), nominated by FAO as a person specifically United Kingdom, United States, Upper Volta,* Uruguay, Ven­ concerned with agricultural commodities; ezuela, Yugoslavia, Zaire. Benie Nioupin (Ivory Coast), t nominated by the Contracting Parties to GATT; * Declared elected on 6 September 1974. and the following who were appointed by the Board on the The Committee on Commodities has a Permanent Sub- recommendation of the Secretary-General of UNCTAD: Committee on Commodities.

Michel Cepede (France), as a person with special knowledge PERMANENT GROUP ON SYNTHETICS AND SUBSTITUTES and experience in the problems relating to primary com­ The Permanent Group on Synthetics and Substitutes held its modities in major consuming countries; sixth session at Geneva, Switzerland, from 23 to 26 September Isaiah Frank (United States), as a person of wide experience in 1974. the problems confronting developing countries whose economies are primarily dependent on the production and Members in 1974: Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Chad,* France, international marketing of primary commodities; Germany (Federal Republic of), Indonesia, Italy, Japan, D. I. Kostyukhin (USSR), as a person particularly familiar with Malaysia, Netherlands, Nigeria, Poland, Republic of Viet- the problems of State trading in primary commodities; Nam, Senegal,* Sri Lanka, Sudan, Uganda,* USSR, United Antonio Sanchez de Lozada Bustamante (Bolivia), as a person Kingdom, United States. particularly concerned with non-agricultural primary com­ modities. * Did not attend the sixth session.

* On 30 August 1974, the Board postponed to the second part Chairman: Ernesto Alberto Ferreira de Carvalho (Brazil). of its fourteenth session, scheduled to be held on 29 April 1975, Vice-Chairman/Rapporteur: Stefan Wolnik (Poland). The structure of the United Nations 1075

COMMITTEE ON TUNGSTEN COMMITTEE ON INVISIBLES AND FINANCING The Committee on Tungsten held its eighth session at RELATED TO TRADE Geneva, Switzerland, from 19 to 22 November 1974. The Committee on Invisibles and Financing related to Trade did not meet in 1974. Members in 1974: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium,* On 6 September 1974, the Trade and Development Board Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, China, Cyprus,* France, Gabon, confirmed that the Committee would comprise the following 84 Germany (Federal Republic of), Italy, Japan, Republic of members at its next regular (seventh) session: Korea, Mexico,* Netherlands, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Roma­ Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, nia, Rwanda,* Spain, Sweden, Thailand, Turkey,* USSR, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burundi, Canada, Central African United Kingdom, United States. Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba,* Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, * Did not attend the eighth session. Egypt, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Finland, France, German Demo­ cratic Republic, Germany (Federal Republic of), Ghana, Chairman: J. van Diest (Netherlands). Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Honduras, Hungary, India, Indo­ Vice-Chairman/Rapporteur: C. Piriyadis Diskul (Thailand). nesia. Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Democratic People's Republic of Korea,* Republic of Korea, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libyan Arab Republic,* Madagascar, Malaysia, Mali, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, COMMITTEE ON MANUFACTURES Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Poland,* Republic The Committee on Manufactures held the second part of its of Viet-Nam, Romania, Saudi Arabia,* Senegal, Spain, Sri sixth session at Geneva, Switzerland, from 2 to 12 July 1974. Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Syrian Arab Republic, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, USSR, United Members: Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Kingdom, United States, Upper Volta, Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Central African Zaire. Republic,* Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica,* Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Dominican Republic* Ecuador, * Declared elected on 6 September 1974. Egypt, El Salvador,* Ethiopia, Finland, France, German Democratic Republic, Germany (Federal Republic of), Greece,* Guatemala, Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, COMMITTEE ON SHIPPING Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, The Committee on Shipping held its sixth session at Geneva, Republic of Korea, Madagascar,* Malaysia, Mali,* Mau­ Switzerland, from 29 July to 9 August 1974. ritius,* Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand. Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Republic of Members: Algeria,* Argentina, Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, Viet-Nam, Romania, Senegal,* Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Central African Republic,* Switzerland, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia,* Chile, China,* Colombia, Costa Rica,* Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Turkey, USSR, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Denmark, Dominican Republic,* Ecuador, Egypt,* El Sal­ Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zaire. vador, Ethiopia,* Finland, France, Gabon,* German Demo­ cratic Republic, Germany (Federal Republic of), Ghana, * Did not attend the second part of the sixth session. Greece, Guatemala,* Guinea,* Honduras, Hungary,* India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Japan, Chairman: Jurgen Kuhn (Germany, Federal Republic of). Kenya,* Republic of Korea, Kuwait, Madagascar, Malaysia, Vice-Chairmen: Thobias Awuy (Indonesia), J. M. Poswick (Bel­ Mauritius,* Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua,* gium), J. Rynes (Czechoslovakia),* Mrs. G. Sellali (Algeria),* Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Herbert S. Walker (Jamaica).* Republic of Viet-Nam, Romania, Senegal, Spain, Sri Lanka, Rapporteur: Mohammad Saleem (Pakistan). Sweden, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, Uganda, USSR, United Kingdom, United States, Venezuela, Yugo­ * Elected on 2 and 4 July 1974, to replace Jiri Filip (Czecho­ slavia, Zaire. slovakia), Mabmoud Abdel-Bari Hamza (Egypt) and Fernando Guillen Salas (Peru), respectively, who were unable to attend * Did not attend the sixth session. the second part of the sixth session. Chairman: Juan C. Sanchez Arnau (Argentina). On 6 September 1974, the Trade and Development Board Vice-Chairmen: I. M. Averin (USSR), K. W. McQueen (United confirmed that at its next regular (seventh) session the Commit­ Kingdom), 0. A. Soetan (Nigeria), W. D. Soysa (Sri Lanka), tee on Manufactures would comprise the following 78 mem­ Bertil Voss (Sweden). bers: Rapporteur: Chuay Kannawat (Thailand). Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Central African Republic, On 6 September 1974, the Trade and Development Board Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, confirmed that at its next regular (seventh) session the Commit­ Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, tee on Shipping would comprise the following 77 members: Ethiopia, Finland, France, German Democratic Republic, Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, Bolivia, Germany (Federal Republic of), Greece, Guatemala, Honduras, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Central African Republic, Chile, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Ivory Coast, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Democratic People's Republic of Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Korea, Republic of Korea, Libyan Arab Republic,* Madagascar, Finland, France, Gabon, German Democratic Republic, Ger­ Malaysia, Mali, Mauritius, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, many (Federal Republic of), Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Gui­ Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Repub­ nea, Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, lic of Viet-Nam, Romania, Saudi Arabia,* Senegal, Singapore,* Italy, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Democratic People's Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Trinidad and Republic of Korea,* Republic of Korea, Kuwait, Libyan Arab Re­ Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, USSR, United Kingdom, United public* Madagascar, Malaysia, Mauritius, Mexico, Nether­ States, Upper Volta,* Uruguay, Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zaire. lands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Republic of Viet-Nam, Romania, * Declared elected on 6 September 1974. Senegal, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Thailand, Trinidad and 1076 Appendix III

Tobago, Turkey, Uganda, USSR, United Kingdom, United COMMITTEE ON TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY States, Upper Volta,* Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zaire. On 13 September 1974, the Trade and Development Board established the Committee on Transfer of Technology as a * Declared elected on 6 September 1974. main committee. Election of its members was to take place at the second part of the Board's fourteenth session, scheduled to WORKING GROUP ON INTERNATIONAL be held on 29 April 1975. SHIPPING LEGISLATION The Working Group on International Shipping Legislation Joint Advisory Group on the UNCTAD/GATT consists of 38 members who serve three-year terms and are International Trade Centre chosen on the basis of equitable geographical distribution as The Joint Advisory Group was established in accordance follows: 15 from "Group A" members of UNCTAD, 12 from with an agreement between UNCTAD and the General Agree­ "Group B", 6 from "Group C" and 5 from "Group D". ment on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)5 effective on 1 January 1968, For the list of members constituting Groups A, B, C and D, the date on which the UNCTAD/GATT International Trade see above, under TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT BOARD. Centre commenced operations. The Working Group did not meet in 1974. Participation in the Joint Advisory Group is open to all mem­ bers of UNCTAD and all Contracting Parties to GATT. Members in 1974: Argentina, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, The Joint Advisory Group held its seventh session at Geneva, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Egypt, Switzerland, from 15 to 18 January 1974. Ethiopia, France, Germany (Federal Republic of), Ghana, Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Ivory Chairman: M. H. E. Morel (Netherlands). Coast, Japan, Madagascar, Mexico, Nigeria, Norway, Paki­ Vice-Chairman: Thobias Awuy (Indonesia). stan, Poland, Spain, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Uganda, USSR, United Kingdom, United States, Venezuela, Zaire. United Nation* Development Programme (UNDP)

SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON PREFERENCES GOVERNING COUNCIL The Special Committee on Preferences, which is open to the The Governing Council of the United Nations Development participation of all States members of UNCTAD, held its sixth Programme reports to the Economic and Social Council and session at Geneva, Switzerland, from 20 to 31 May 1974. through it to the General Assembly. (See below, under THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL.) Chairman: Bamidele Olayemi Awokoya (Nigeria). Vice-Chairmen: Barry B. L. Auguste (Trinidad and Tobago), I. S. United Nations Capital Development Fund Chadha (India), Jacques Cuttat (Switzerland), Washington The United Nations Capital Development Fund was set up as Herrera (Ecuador), Rolf Mohler (Germany, Federal Republic an organ of the General Assembly to function as an autono­ of). mous organization within the United Nations framework, with Rapporteur: Stefan Wolnik (Poland). the control of its policies and operations to be exercised by a 24-member Executive Board elected by the General Assembly INTERGOVERNMENTAL GROUP ON from Members of the United Nations or members of the TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY* specialized agencies or of the International Atomic Energy The Intergovernmental Group on Transfer of Technology, Agency. The chief executive officer of the Fund, the Managing established by the Trade and Development Board on Director, exercises his functions under the general direction of 18 September 1970, consisted of 45 members chosen on the the Executive Board. The Executive Board reports to the Gen­ basis of equitable geographical distribution and, as far as pos­ eral Assembly through the Economic and Social Council. sible, at an expert level. Eighteen were drawn from "Group A" members of UNCTAD, 15 from "Group B", 7 from "Group C" EXECUTIVE BOARD and 5 from "Group D". On 4 December 1974, the General Assembly reconfirmed its For the list of members constituting Groups A, B, C and D, decision of 15 December 1967 that, on a provisional basis, the see above, under TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT BOARD. Governing Council of UNDP (seebelow, underTHE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL) should act as the Executive Board of 'Terminated by the Trade and Development Board on the United Nations Capital Development Fund. 13 September 1974, when it established a Committee on Trans­ fer of Technology as a main committee. Managing Director (provisional):* Rudolph A. Peterson.

The Intergovernmental Group held its third (second substan­ * On 4 December 1974, the General Assembly reconfirmed its tive), and final, session at Geneva, Switzerland, from 15 to decision of 15 December 1967 that, on a provisional basis, the 26 July 1974. Administrator of UNDP be asked to act as the Managing Direc­ tor of the United Nations Capital Development Fund. Members in 1974: Algeria, Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Chile, Congo, Czechoslovakia, Ecuador, Egypt, El United Nations Industrial Development Salvador, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Germany (Federal Organization (UNIDO) Republic of), Ghana, Greece,* India, Indonesia, Iraq, Italy, The United Nations Industrial Development Organization was Ivory Coast, Japan, Kenya, Madagascar,* Netherlands, established by the General Assembly, and functions as an au­ Nigeria, Pakistan, Panama, Philippines, Poland, Romania, tonomous organization within the United Nations. States eligi­ Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Syrian Arab Repub­ ble for election to the Industrial Development Board, its princi­ lic, Tunisia,* Turkey, USSR, United Kingdom, United States, pal organ, are those which are Members of the United Nations Venezuela, Yugoslavia. or members of the specialized agencies or of the International Atomic Energy Agency. * Did not attend the third session. INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT BOARD Chairman: Ivan Sronek (Czechoslovakia). The Industrial Development Board, the principal organ of Vice-Chairmen: E. Lartey (Ghana), A. Pathmarajah (Sri Lanka), UNIDO, consists of 45 States elected by the General Assembly Hector Paradisi (Venezuela), Raymond J. Waldmann (United States), Stefan Wolnik (Poland). ' For further information on GATT, see PART TWO, CHAPTER XVI, of Rapporteur. Alvaro Gurgel de Alencar (Brazil). this volume. The structure of the United Nations 1077 from among the members of UNIDO, with due regard to the third of the members of the Industrial Development Board to fill principle of equitable geographical distribution. Members of the vacancies occurring on 31 December 1974: Algeria, Brazil, the Board serve three-year terms, with those of one third of the Cuba, Czechoslovakia, France, India, Indonesia, Ivory Coast, members expiring each year. Japan, Kuwait, Malaysia, Netherlands, Peru, Sweden, United The Board reports annually to the General Assembly through States. the Economic and Social Council. The Board's membership is drawn from the following four BOARD MEMBERS FOR 1975 groups of States: List A: Algeria, China, Gabon, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ivory Coast, Kuwait, Liberia, Madagascar, Malaysia, Nigeria, List A. 18 of the following States: Afghanistan, Algeria, Philippines, Rwanda, Sri Lanka, Tunisia, United Republic of Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Botswana, Burma, Burundi, Tanzania, Zambia. Central African Republic, Chad, China, Congo, Dahomey, List B: Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany (Federal Democratic Yemen, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Republic of), Greece, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Norway, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,* India, In­ Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States. donesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Ivory Coast, Jordan, Kenya, Khmer List C: Argentina, Brazil, Jamaica, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay, Republic, Republic of Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Leso­ Venezuela. tho, Liberia, Libyan Arab Republic, Madagascar, Malawi, List D: Cuba,* Czechoslovakia, Poland, Romania, USSR. Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mongolia, Morocco, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, * At the elections to the Industrial Development Board held in Qatar, Republic of Viet-Nam, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, 1966,1968,1971 and again on 16 December 1974, the General Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Somalia, South Africa, Sri Assembly decided, upon request, that Cuba be included on Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Syrian Arab Republic, Thailand, those particular occasions and inthose particular cases among Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, United Repub­ the States listed in part D of the Annex to the Assembly's resolu­ lic of Cameroon, United Republic of Tanzania, Upper Volta, tion 2152 (XXI) of 17 November 1966, which, inter alia, dealt Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia. with the composition of the Industrial Development Board. List B. 15 of the following States: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany (Fed­ PERMANENT COMMITTEE eral Republic of), Greece, Holy See, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, The Permanent Committee has the same membership as the Japan, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, Nether­ Industrial Development Board and meets twice a year. lands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, San Marino, Spain, The Permanent Committee held two sessions during 1974, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United both at Vienna, Austria: its fourth, from 17 to 26 April; and the States. first part of its fifth, from 2 to 14 December. List C. 7 of the following States: Argentina, Bahamas, Bar­ bados, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Chairman: Jorge Pablo Fernandini (Peru). Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada,* Vice-Chairmen: Noureddine Mejdoub (Tunisia); Manicam Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Sivanathan (Sri Lanka); Ales Strauss (Czechoslovakia) Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, (fourth session), Karel Komarek (Czechoslovakia) (fifth ses­ Uruguay, Venezuela. sion). List D. 5 of the following States: Albania, Bulgaria, Byelorus­ Rapporteur: Miss Rowena Vining (United Kingdom) (fourth sian SSR, Czechoslovakia, German Democratic Republic, session), Marion L. Gribble (United States) (fifth session). Hungary, Poland, Romania, Ukrainian SSR, USSR.

* On 14 December 1974, the General Assembly decided to United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) include Guinea-Bissau in list A and Grenada in list C of those States eligible for membership in the Board. GOVERNING COUNCIL The Governing Council of the United Nations Environment The Industrial Development Board held its eighth session at Programme consists of 58 members elected by the General Vienna, Austria, from 2 to 14 May 1974. Assembly for three-year terms, with the terms of one third of the members expiring each year. BOARD MEMBERS IN 1974 Seats on the Governing Council are allocated as follows: 16 To serve until 31 December 1974: Brazil, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, to African States, 13 to Asian States, 10 to Latin American Denmark, France, India, Japan, Kuwait, Libyan Arab Repub­ States, 13 to Western European and other States, and 6 to lic, Malaysia, Netherlands, Peru, Thailand, United States, Eastern European States. Upper Volta. The Governing Council reports to the Assembly through the To serve until 31 December 1975: China, Finland, Germany Economic and Social Council. (Federal Republic of), Greece, Iran, Liberia, Mexico, Nigeria, The Governing Council held its second session at Nairobi, Romania, Rwanda, Spain, Sri Lanka, United Kingdom, Kenya, from 11 to 22 March 1974. Uruguay, Venezuela. To serve until 31 December 1976: Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Members in 1974: Gabon, Italy, Jamaica, Madagascar, Norway, Philippines, Po­ To serve until 31 December 1974: Austria, Brazil, Germany land, Switzerland, Tunisia, USSR, United Republic of Tan­ (Federal Republic of), Iceland, India, Iran, Italy, Japan, Kenya, zania, Zambia. Kuwait, Malawi, Peru, Romania, Somalia, Tunisia, USSR, United Republic of Cameroon, United States, Venezuela. President: Jorge Pablo Fernandini (Peru). To serve until 31 December 1975: Australia, Burundi, Central Vice-Presidents: Karel Komarek (Czechoslovakia), Noureddine African Republic, Chile, German Democratic Republic, Iraq, Mejdoub (Tunisia), Manicam Sivanathan (Sri Lanka). Jordan, Madagascar, Mexico, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Rapporteur: Miss Rowena Vining (United Kingdom). Nigeria, Pakistan, Panama, Poland, Senegal, Sri Lanka, Tur­ key, United Kingdom, United Republic of Tanzania. Executive Director of UNIDO: Ibrahim Helmi Abdel-Rahman To serve until 31 December 1976: Argentina, Canada, China, (until 20 December 1974). Czechoslovakia, France, Gabon, Ghana, Guatemala, In­ donesia, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Lebanon, Morocco, Philip­ On 16 December 1974, the General Assembly elected, for a pines, Sierra Leone, Spain, Sweden, Syrian Arab Republic, three-year term starting on 1 January 1975, the following one Yugoslavia. 1078 Appendix III

President: Njoroge Mungai (Kenya). Ad Hoc Committee on the Special Programme Vice-Presidents: Samuel Benchimol (Venezuela), Martin Wyatt (to mitigate difficulties of developing countries Holdgate (United Kingdom), Narciso G. Reyes (Philippines). most seriously affected by economic crisis) Rapporteur: Adolf Ciborowski (Poland). On 1 May 1974, the General Assembly established the Ad Hoc Committee on the Special Programme, which was, among Executive Director of UNEP: Maurice F. Strong. other things, to make recommendations to the Assembly, through the Economic and Social Council, on the scope, On 16 December 1974, the General Assembly elected the machinery and modes of operation of a United Nations Special following for a three-year term starting on 1 January 1975 to fill Fund (see below) to provide emergency relief and development the vacancies occurring on 31 December 1974: Brazil, Colom­ assistance. The Ad Hoc Committee was composed of 36 bia, Egypt, Finland, Germany (Federal Republic of), India, Iran, Member States appointed by the President of the Assembly, Italy, Japan, Kenya, Libyan Arab Republic, Malaysia, Romania, after appropriate consultations. Sudan, Switzerland, USSR, United States, Venezuela, Zaire. The Ad Hoc Committee held two sessions in 1974, both at United Nations Headquarters, New York: its first session, from Members for 1975: Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Burundi, 10 to 25 June; and its second, and final session, from Canada, Central African Republic, Chile, China, Colombia, 9 September to 7 October. Czechoslovakia, Egypt, Finland, France, Gabon, German Democratic Republic, Germany (Federal Republic of), Members:' Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Chad, Costa Ghana, Guatemala, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Ivory Rica, Czechoslovakia, France, Germany (Federal Republic Coast, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Lebanon, Libyan Arab of), Guyana, India, Iran, Japan, Kuwait, Madagascar, Nepal, Republic, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mexico, Morocco, Nether­ Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Paraguay, Philip­ lands, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Pakistan, Panama, Philippines, pines, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Syrian Arab Poland, Romania, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Spain, Sri Lanka, Republic, Turkey, USSR, United Kingdom, United States, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Syrian Arab Republic, Turkey, Upper Volta, Uruguay, Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zaire. USSR, United Kingdom, United Republic of Tanzania, United States, Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zaire. *The President of the General Assembly informed the Secretary-General, on 6 June 1974, that he had appointed 35 of ENVIRONMENT CO-ORDINATION BOARD the required 36 members and, on 14 June, that he had ap­ The Environment Co-ordination Board, an inter-agency body pointed Czechoslovakia as the thirty-sixth member. under the auspices and within the framework of the Administra­ tive Committee on Co-ordination, ensures co-operation and Chairman: Ole Algard (Norway). co-ordination among all organizations in the United Nations Vice-Chairmen: Rahmatalla Abdulla (Sudan), Miodrag M. Cab- system concerned with the implementation of environmental ric (Yugoslavia), Carlos Giambruno (Uruguay). programmes. Rapporteur: Hayat Mehdi (Pakistan) (until 16 June 1974), Mian The membership of the Board includes: the Secretary- Qadrud-Din (Pakistan) (from 17 June 1974). General of the United Nations; the executive heads of the specialized agencies and the International Atomic Energy United Nations Special Fund Agency; the Secretary-General of the United Nations Confer­ (to provide emergency relief and development assistance) ence on Trade and Development; the Executive Directors of the On 1 May 1974, the General Assembly decided to establish a United Nations Environment Programme, the United Nations Special Fund under the auspices of the United Nations as part Industrial Development Organization, the United Nations of the Special Programme to provide emergency relief and Children's Fund, the United Nations Institute for Training and development assistance to the countries most seriously Research and the World Food Programme; the Administrator of affected by economic crisis. It was to commence operations at the United Nations Development Programme; the United Na­ the latest by 1 January 1975. tions High Commissioner for Refugees; the United Nations On 18 December 1974, the Assembly decided that the Special Disaster Relief Co-ordinator; and the Director-General of the Fund operate as an organ of the General Assembly according to Contracting Parties to the General Agreement on Tariffs and guidelines submitted by the Ad Hoc Committee on the Special Trade. Programme (see above). The Board meets under the chairmanship of the Executive The Executive Director, the chief executive officer of the Director of the United Nations Environment Programme and Special Fund, who was to be appointed by the Secretary- reports annually to the Governing Council of UNEP. General, subject to confirmation by the Assembly, was not During 1974, the Board held two sessions, both at United appointed in 1974. Nations Headquarters, New York: its third, on 16 and 17 April; and its fourth, on 28 October. BOARD OF GOVERNORS The Board of Governors of the United Nations Special Fund Preparatory Committee for Habitat: United Nation* was to be composed of representatives of 36 Member States of Conference on Human Settlements* the United Nations or members of the specialized agencies or The Preparatory Committee held informal consultations at of the International Atomic Energy Agency, elected by the Gen­ United Nations Headquarters, New York, from 28 to 31 May eral Assembly, keeping in view the need for a balanced rep­ 1974. resentation of potential donors and recipients. The Board was to report annually to the Assembly through the Economic and Members in 1974: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Brazil, Burundi, Social Council. Canada, Central African Republic, Colombia, Congo, Costa The members of the Board were to serve for a term of three Rica, Czechoslovakia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, years, except that at the first election, the terms of one third of Ethiopia, Finland, France, Gabon, German Democratic the members, to be determined by drawing lots, were to expire Republic, Germany (Federal Republic of), Ghana, Greece, at the end of one year, and those of a further one third, at the Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, end of two years. Jordan, Kenya, Libyan Arab Republic, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines, Romania, Sierra Members:' Leone, Sweden, Syrian Arab Republic, Thailand, Trinidad To serve until 31 December 1975: Costa Rica, France, Guyana, and Tobago, Turkey, Uganda, USSR, United Kingdom, United 6 The Conference, formerly known as the United Nations Conference- Republic of Tanzania, United States, Upper Volta, Uruguay, Exposition on Human Settlements, was renamed by the General Assembly Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia. on 16 December 1974. The structure of the United Nations 1079

Japan, Nepal, Norway, Pakistan, Somalia, Sudan, USSR, the Secretary-General, to the General Assembly and, as Upper Volta, Venezuela. appropriate, to the Economic and Social Council. To serve until 31 December 1976: Australia, Brazil, Chad, Iran, Kuwait, Madagascar, Netherlands, Swaziland, Syrian Arab BOARD OF TRUSTEES Republic, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Yugoslavia. The membership of the Board of Trustees of UNITAR consists 7b serve until 31 December f 977:t Algeria, Argentina, Czecho­ of (a) up to 24 members appointed in their personal capacities slovakia, India, Nigeria, Paraguay, Philippines, Sri Lanka, by the Secretary-General, in consultation with the Presidents of Turkey, Zaire. the General Assembly and the Economic and Social Council; and (o) four ex-officio members. * Elected on 18 December 1974 for terms starting on The Board held its thirteenth session at United Nations 1 January 1975. Headquarters, New York, from 24 to 27 September 1974. t Election by the Economic and Social Council of the thirty- fifth and thirty-sixth members, as authorized by the General Members (to serve a three-year term, with effect from 1 July Assembly on 18 December 1974, did not take place in 1974. 1973): Jean M. L. Baillou (France); Henning Friis (Denmark); Felipe Herrera, Vice-Chairman (Chile); John Holmes Group of Experts on the Structure of the (Canada); N. Inozemtsev (USSR); Josphat Njuguna Karanja United Nations System (Kenya);T.T. B. Koh (Singapore); Manfred Lachs (Poland); F. By a resolution of 17 December 1974, the General Assembly Bradford Morse (Secretariat);* Mrs. Lusibu Nkanza (Zaire); requested the Secretary-General immediately to appoint a Gopalaswami Parthasarathi (India); Manuel Perez Guerrero small group of high-level experts, selected on a broad geo­ (Venezuela); Harvey Picker (United States); Walter F. Rau graphical basis and nominated by Governments, to submit to (Germany, Federal Republic of); Najib Sadaka (Lebanon); the Preparatory Committee for the Special Session of the Gen­ Raymond Scheyven (Belgium); Toshio Shishido (Japan); eral Assembly Devoted to Development and International Mrs. Inga Thorsson (Sweden); Brian E. Urquhart (Sec­ Economic Co-operation (see below, under THE ECONOMIC retariat); Arsene Assouan Usher (Ivory Coast); Piero Vinci AND SOCIAL COUNCIL), at its second session scheduled to be (Italy); Sir Kenneth Younger, Chairman (United Kingdom). held in June 1975, a study containing proposals on structural Ex-officio members: The Secretary-General, the President of changes within the United Nations system so as to make it fully the General Assembly, the President of the Economic and capable of dealing with problems of international economic Social Council and the Executive Director of UNITAR. co-operation in a comprehensive manner. The experts were not appointed in 1974. * Resigned from the Board by a letter of 30 September 1974 to the Secretary-General; the resulting vacancy was not filled in World Food Council 1974. The World Food Council was established by the General Assembly on 17 December 1974 as an organ of the United Executive Director of UNITAR: Davidson S. H. W. Nicol. Nations at the ministerial or plenipotentiary level, periodically to review major problems and policy issues affecting the world Council of the United Nations University food situation as well as steps taken or proposed by Govern­ The Council of the United Nations University, the governing ments and by the organizations of the United Nations system to board of the University, consists of: (a) 24 members appointed resolve those problems, and to recommend remedial action as jointly by the Secretary-General and the Director-General of the appropriate. It was to report to the Assembly through the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organiza­ Economic and Social Council. tion (UNESCO), in consultation with the agencies and pro­ The World Food Council was to consist of 36 members, grammes concerned, including the United Nations Institute for nominated by the Economic and Social Council and elected by Training and Research (UNITAR), who serve in their personal the Assembly according to the following pattern: nine members capacities for six-year terms, with the terms of one half of the from African States, eight from Asian States, seven from Latin members expiring every three years; (b) the Secretary-General, American States, four from socialist States of Eastern Europe the Director-General of UNESCO and the Executive Director of and eight from,Western European and other States. The mem­ UNITAR, whoareex-oW/c/o members; and (c) the Rector of the bers were to serve for a term of three years, with one third of the University, who is normally appointed for a five-year term. members to retire each year. The Council held three sessions in 1974: its first, at United Accordingly, at the first election, lots were drawn to select 12 Nations Headquarters, New York, from 13 to 17 May; and its members to serve for three years, 12 to serve for two years and second and third, both in Paris, France, from 9 to 12 July and on 12 to serve for one year. 10 October, respectively.

Members:' Members:' To serve until 31 December 1975: Argentina, Bangladesh, To serve until 31 December 1976: Jacob Festus Ade-Ajayi Canada, Gabon, Germany (Federal Republic of), Indonesia, (Nigeria); Jean Bernard (France); Marcolino Gomes Candau Iraq, Mexico, Togo, United States, Yugoslavia, Zambia. (Brazil); Ismail Ghanem (Egypt); Janusz W. Golebiowski (Po­ 7b serve until 31 December 1976: Australia, Colombia, Cuba, land); Aklilu Habte, Vice-Chairman (Ethiopia); Reimut France, Guatemala, Guinea, India, Libyan Arab Republic, Jochimsen (Germany, Federal Republic of);t Gopalaswami Mali, Pakistan, Romania, USSR. Parthasarathi, Vice-Chairman (India); Jose Luis Romero To serve until 31 December 1977: Chad, Egypt, Hungary, Iran, (Argentina); Victor Sahini (Romania);" Seydou Madani Sy Italy, Japan, Kenya, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Trinidad and Tobago, (Senegal); Victor Luis Urquidi, Vice-Chairman (Mexico). United Kingdom, Venezuela. To serve until 31 December 1979: Asa Briggs (United Kingdom);t Roger Gaudry, Chairman (Canada); Abdul- 'Elected on 17 December 1974 for terms starting on Razzak Kaddoura, Vice-Chairman (Syrian Arab Republic); 1 January 1975. Hans Lowbeer, Vice-Chairman (Sweden); Antonio Marussi (ltaly);t Joseph Maina Mungai (Kenya);** Motoo Ogiso The Council did not meet in 1974. (Japan); Majid Rahnema (Iran); Marcel Roche (Venezuela); Edward W. Weidner (United States);" Eric Eustace Williams United Nations Institute for Training and (Trinidad and Tobago);** Miss Keniz Fatima Yusuf Research (UNITAR) (Pakistan).** The United Nations Institute for Training and Research came Ex-officio members: the Secretary-General, the Director- into existence in 1965. Its Executive Director reports, through General of UNESCO and the Executive-Director of UNITAR. 1080 Appendix III

Rector of the United Nations University: James M. Hester. * Did not attend the ninth and tenth sessions. t Did not attend the tenth session. * Appointed with effect from 1 January 1974. t Did not attend the first session. Special Committee to Investigate Israeli Practices ** Did not attend the third session. Affecting the Human Rights of the Population of the Occupied Territories Members in 1974: Somalia,* Sri Lanka {Chairman), Yugoslavia. Ad Hoc Advisory Group on Youth In 1974, the Ad Hoc Advisory Group on Youth consisted of 10 * On 26 April 1974, the President of the twenty-eighth session members, appointed in their individual capacities by the of the General Assembly informed the Secretary-General that Secretary-General to advise him on activities that should be Somalia had decided to withdraw from membership of the undertaken by the United Nations to meet the needs and aspira­ Special Committee and that he had appointed Senegal a tions of youth. member. The Group held its second series of meetings at United Na­ Special Committee to Select the Winners of tions Headquarters, New York, between 16 and 25 September the United Nations Human Rights Prize 1974. It appointed a different member to act as Mod erator each The Special Committee of ex-ofticio members was estab­ day. lished pursuant to a decision of the General Assembly of 19 December 1966 recommending that a prize or prizes in the Members in 1974: Jon Alexander, Rapporteur (United King­ field of human rights be awarded not more often than at five- dom); David Asante (Ghana); Charles Fremes (Canada); Miss year intervals. Prizes were awarded for the second time on Elham O. Khalil (Egypt); Patrick Ojong, Rapporteur (Sierra 26 October 1973. Leone); Phouangphann Sananikone (Laos); Mihail Stoica The Special Committee did not meet in 1974. (Romania); Uffe Torm (Denmark); Gonzalo Torrico (Bolivia); Miss Ingrid Williams (St. Vincent). Members: The President of the General Assembly, the Presi­ dent of the Economic and Social Council, the Chairman of United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) the Commission on Human Rights, the Chairman of the Commission on the Status of Women, and the Chairman of EXECUTIVE BOARD the Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and The Executive Board of the United Nations Children's Fund, Protection of Minorities. established by the General Assembly, reports to the Economic and Social Council, and, as appropriate, to the Assembly. (See Office of the United Nations High Commissioner below, under THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL.) for Refugees (UNHCR) High Commissioner: Sadruddin Aga Khan. Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE The Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination HIGH COMMISSIONER'S PROGRAMME was established under the terms of article 8 of the International The Executive Committee held its twenty-fifth session at Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Geneva, Switzerland, from 14 to 22 October 1974. Discrimination.7 It consists of 18 experts elected by the States parties to the Convention to serve in their personal capacities, Members in 1974: Algeria, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, with due regard to equitable geographical distribution and to Canada, China,* Colombia, Denmark, France, Germany the representation of the different forms of civilization and (Federal Republic of), Greece, Holy See, Iran, Israel, Italy, principal legal systems. Lebanon, Madagascar, Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway, Swe­ Members of the Committee serve four-year terms, with those den, Switzerland, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, United Kingdom, of one half of the members expiring every two years. United Republic of Tanzania, United States, Venezuela, On 10 January 1974, the States parties to the International Yugoslavia. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimi­ nation elected the following to fill the vacancies occurring on * Did not attend the session. 19 January 1974: Mahmoud Aboul-Nasr (Egypt), Adedokun A. Haastrup (Nigeria), Jose D. Ingles (Philippines), Paul Joan Chairman: Francis L. Kellogg (United States). George Kapteyn (Netherlands), George 0. Lamptey (Ghana), Vice-Chairman: I. C. T. Mponzi (United Republic of Tanzania). Karl Josef Partsch (Germany, Federal Republic of), Fayez Al Rapporteur: R. M. Peek (Australia). Sayegh (Kuwait), Luis Valencia Rodriguez (Ecuador), Mrs. Halima Embarek Warzazi (Morocco). Group of Experts on the Draft Convention on Territorial Asylum The Committee held two sessions in 1974: its ninth, at United The Group of Experts was established by the General Assem­ Nations Headquarters, New York, from 25 March to 12 April; bly on 10 December 1974 to review the text of the draft Conven­ and its tenth, at Geneva, Switzerland, from 12 to 30 August. tion on Territorial Asylum. It was to be composed of representa­ tives of not more than 27 Member States, to be designated by Members in 1974: the President of the Assembly after consultation with the differ­ To serve until 19 January 1978: Marc Ancel (France); Naste ent regional groups, on the basis of equitable geographical Dimo Calovski, Vice-Chairman (Yugoslavia); Rajeshwar distribution. Dayal (India); Samiulla Khan Dehlavi (Pakistan);* Ronald The Group of Experts, to be convened by the Secretary- St. John Macdonald, Vice-Chairman (Canada); Gonzalo Ortiz General in consultation with the Office of the United Nations Martin (Costa Rica); V. S. Safronchuk (USSR); Sebastian High Commissioner for Refugees not later than May 1975, was Soler, Vice-Chairman (Argentina); Jan Tomko (Czecho­ to submit its report to the Assembly at its thirtieth session. slovakia). The experts were not designated in 1974. To serve until 19 January 1978: Mahmoud Aboul-Nasr (Egypt); Adedokun A. Haastrup, Chairman (Nigeria); Jose D. Ingles Consultative Committee for the Conference (Philippines);t Paul Joan George Kapteyn (Netherlands); of the International Women's Year George O. Lamptey (Ghana); Karl Josef Partsch (Germany, By a resolution of 10 December 1974, the General Assembly Federal Republic of); Fayez Al Sayegh, Rapporteur established a Consultative Committee for the Conference of the (Kuwait); Luis Valencia Rodriguez (Ecuador);! Mrs. Halima Embarek Warzazi (Morocco). ' See Y.U.N., 1965, pp. 440-46. The structure of the United Nations 108"1

International Women's Year, to be convened by the Secretary- Representing the Executive Head: Representative: F. H. General not later than March 1975 to advise him on the prepara­ Thomasson. Alternates: J. Greig, J. Wrigley. tion of an international plan of action to be finalized by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organiza­ Conference. tion Also on 10 December, the 23 Member States to constitute the Representing the Executive Head: Representative: A. Consultative Committee were designated by the Chairman of Chakour. Alternate: R. Barnes. the Assembly's Third (Social, Humanitarian and Cultural) Representing the Participants: Representative: P. Coeytaux, Committee after consultation with the different regional Second Vice-Chairman. Alternate: W. Zyss. groups, on the basis of equitable geographical distribution. World Health Organization Representing the Executive Head: Representative: W. W. Members: Australia, Belgium, Brazil, France, German Demo­ Furth. Alternate: J. F. Carney. cratic Republic, India, Iran, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Mexico, Representing the Participants: Representative: Dr. J. Burton. Niger, Philippines, Romania, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Alternate: G. Dazin. Leone, Sweden, Tunisia, USSR, United Kingdom, United International Civil Aviation Organization States, Venezuela. Representing the Governing Body: Representative: Y. Lam­ bert. Alternate: E. A Olaniyan. Ad Hoe Committee of the Whole Assembly Representing the Participants: Representative: F. X. Byrne, The Ad Hoc Committee of the Whole Assembly consists of all Rapporteur. Members of the United Nations, under the chairmanship of the International Atomic Energy Agency President of the session. It meets as soon as practicable after Representing the Governing Body: Representative: H. F. S. the opening of each regular session of the General Assembly to Bittencourt. Alternate: M. C. Clancy. enable Governments to announce pledges of voluntary con­ Representing the Participants: Representative: W. Price. tributions to the programmes of the United Nations High Com­ International Telecommunication Union missioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and the United Nations Relief Representing the Governing Body: Representative: C. and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East Baudazzi. (UNRWA) for the following year. States members of specialized World Meteorological Organization agencies not also United Nations Members are invited to attend Representing the Executive Head: Representative: A Weber, to announce their pledges to these two refugee programmes. First Vice-Chairman. In 1974, the Ad Hoc Committee met to announce pledges of Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization voluntary contributions to UNHCR and to UNRWA on 2 and Representing the Participants: Representative: L. Goll. Al­ 3 December, respectively. ternate: C. Zimmerli.

United Nations Joint Staff Pension Board STANDING COMMITTEE OF THE PENSION BOARD The United Nations Joint Staff Pension Board is composed of Members in 1974 (elected at the Board's nineteenth session, 21 members, as follows: held from 15 to 26 July 1974):

Six appointed by the United Nations Staff Pension Committee United Nations (Group I) (two from members elected by the General Assembly, two Representing the General Assembly: Representative: G. J. from those appointed by the Secretary-General, two from McGough. Alternates: S. Kuttner, R. Schmidt, Miss K. those elected by participants). Whalley. Fifteen appointed by Staff Pension Committees of the other Representing the Secretary-General: Representative: W. H. member organizations of the United Nations Joint Staff Pen­ Ziehl. Alternates: D. Miron, C. C. Timbrell. sion Fund (two each by the following: the International Representing the Participants: Representative: A. J. Fried- Labour Organisation; the Food and Agriculture Organization gut. Alternates: Mrs. P. K. Tsien, A. A. Garcia. of the United Nations; the United Nations Educational, Scien­ Specialized agencies (Group II) tific and Cultural Organization; the World Health Organiza­ Representing the Governing Body: Representative: C. tion; the International Civil Aviation Organization; and the Baudazzi (ITU). Alternate: M. C. Clancy* (IAEA). International Atomic Energy Agency; and one each by the Representing the Executive Head: Representative: C. von following: the World Meteorological Organization; the Stedingk (ILO). Alternates: A. All (ILO), P. M. C. Denby (ILO), Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization; and J. Paleologos (ILO). the International Telecommunication Union). Representing the Participants: Representative: Dr. J. Burton (WHO). Alternates: G. Dazin (WHO), C. Lhoest (WHO). The Board held its nineteenth session at Copenhagen, Specialized agencies (Group III) Denmark, from 15 to 26 July 1974. Representing the Governing Body: Representative: Y. Lam­ bert (ICAO). Alternate: E. A. Olaniyan (ICAO). MEMBERS OF THE PENSION BOARD IN 1974 Representing the Executive Head: Representative: F. H. United Nations Thomasson (FAO). Alternates: J. Greig (FAO), J. Wrigley Representing the General Assembly: Representatives: G. J. (FAO). McGough, Chairman; S. Kuttner. Alternates: R. Schmidt, Representing the Participants: Representative: P. Coeytaux S. Refshal, Miss K. Whalley. (UNESCO). Alternate: P. Roux (UNESCO). Representing the Secretary-General: Representatives: D. Miron, W. H. Ziehl. Alternate: C. C. Timbrell. * On 25 November 1974, IAEA notified the Standing Commit­ Representing the Participants: Representatives: A. J. Fried- tee that M. C. Clancy had resigned and that Michel Von Schenk gut, Mrs. P. K. Tsien. Alternates: A. A. Garcia, J. M. Wood, had been nominated as the new alternate member representing A. Landau, S. P. Padolecchia. the Governing Body. International Labour Organisation Representing the Governing Body: Representative: H. S. Kir- COMMITTEE OF ACTUARIES kaldy. Alternates: P. Juhl-Christensen, W. Yoffee. Members (until 31 December 1974): Gonzalo Arroba, Robert J. Representing the Executive Head: Representative: P. M. C. Myers, Francis Netter. Denby. Alternates: A. All, J. Paleologos, C. von Stedingk. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations United Nations Staff Pension Committee Representing the Governing Body: Representative: N. The United Nations Staff Pension Committee consists of Oliveti. Alternate: A. M. Kesseba. three members elected by the General Assembly, three ap- 1082 Appendix III pointed by the Secretary-General and three elected by the par­ * Resigned with effect from 31 July 1974 and replaced byl.V. ticipants in the United Nations Joint Staff Pension Fund. The Chechetkin (USSR) with effect from 16 October 1974. term of office of the elected members is three years. Working Group on Currency Instability Members in 1974: The Working Group on Currency Instability, consisting of 13 Elected by Assembly (to serve until 31 December 1976): Mem­ Member States designated by the President of the General bers : G. J. McGough, S. Kuttner, R. Schmidt. Alternates: H. L. Assembly, was charged with considering alternative solutions Morris, S. Refshal, Miss K. Whalley. to the difficulties resulting from the effect of continuing cur­ Appointed by Secretary-General (to serve until further notice): rency instability and inflation on the budgets of organizations Members: M. H. Gherab, W. H. Ziehl. Alternates: M. Heenan, in the United Nations system. D. Miron, C. C. Timbrell. The Working Group held its first, and final, series of meetings Elected by Participants (to serve until 31 December 1976): at United Nations Headquarters, New York, between Members: A. J. Friedgut, Mrs. P. K. Tsien, A. A. Garcia. Alter­ 20 February and 26 April and between 9 and 20 September nates: J. M. Wood, A. Landau, S. P. Padolecchia. 1974.

Investments Committee Members in 1974: Bulgaria, China, Cuba, France, Germany The Investments Committee consists of six members ap­ (Federal Republic of), Ghana, India, Japan, Kenya, USSR, pointed by the Secretary-General, after consultation with the United Kingdom, United States, Venezuela. United Nations Joint Staff Pension Board and the General Assembly's Advisory Committee on Administrative and Chairman: N. P. Jain (India). Budgetary Questions, subject to confirmation by the Assembly. Vice-Chairman: Rudolf Schmidt (Germany, Federal Republic Members serve three-year terms, with those of one third of of). the members expiring each year. Consultative Panel on Public Information Members in 1974:' The Consultative Panel held a series of meetings at United To serve until 31 December 1974: Eugene R. Black; David Nations Headquarters, New York, on 3 and 4 April 1974. Montagu. To serve until 31 December 1975: R. Manning Brown; Jean Members in 1974: Experts from the following United Nations Guyot. Member States: Canada, China, Colombia, Czechoslovakia, To serve until 31 December 1976: George A. Murphy, Chairman; Democratic Yemen, France, India, Italy, Ivory Coast, Japan, B. K. Nehru. Jordan, Liberia, Netherlands, Peru, Poland, Romania, Sudan, Sweden, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, USSR, United King­ * In addition, during 1974, Yves Oltramare served in an ad hoc dom, United States, Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zaire. consultative capacity. Chairman: The Secretary-General. On 14 December 1974, the General Assembly confirmed the appointments by the Secretary-General of David Montagu and Yves Oltramare for a three-year term starting on 1 January 1975 Committee on Conferences to fill the vacancies occurring on 31 December 1974. On 18 December 1974, the General Assembly re-established, on an experimental basis and subject to review at its thirty- Board of Auditors second session, a Committee on Conferences charged with The Board of Auditors consists of three members appointed recommending measures, for adoption by the Assembly, to­ by the General Assembly for three-year terms. wards an improved co-ordination of conferences within the United Nations system and a more rational and economical use Members in 1974: Auditor-General of Canada, Comptroller- of its conference resources. In addition, the Committee was to General of Colombia, Auditor-General of Pakistan. act on behalf of the Assembly between sessions, after appro­ priate consultations, on requested departures from the calen­ On 12 November 1974, the General Assembly reappointed the dar of conferences. Comptroller-General of Colombia for a three-year term starting The Committee was to consist of 22 Member States to be on 1 July 1975. designated by the President of the Assembly, on the basis of equitable geographical balance, to serve three-year terms. Panel of External Auditors The members were not designated in 1974. The Panel of External Auditors consists of the members of the United Nations Board of Auditors and the appointed exter­ nal auditors of the specialized agencies and the International International Civil Service Commission Atomic Energy Agency. The International Civil Service Commission was established by a General Assembly resolution of 19 December 1972for the Joint Inspection Unit regulation and co-ordination of the conditions of service of the The membership of the Joint Inspection Unit consists of United Nations common system. Its statute was approved by inspectors appointed by the Secretary-General, on the basis of the Assembly on 18 December 1974. nominations by Member States designated by the President of The Commission was to consist of 15 members, of whom two the General Assembly and after consultation with members of were to be designated full-time Chairman and Vice-Chairman. the Administrative Committee on Co-ordination. The inspec­ Members were to be appointed by the Assembly in their per­ tors are chosen for their special experience in national or inter­ sonal capacities as individuals of recognized competence and national administrative and financial matters, with due regard substantial executive experience in public administration or to equitable geographical distribution. related fields, particularly in personnel management, with due regard for the principle of equitable geographical representa­ Members in 1974: Albert F. Bender, Jr., Vice-Chairman (United tion. States); Maurice Bert rand (France); Enrique Ferrer-Vieyra, The term of office was to be for four years, except that at the Chairman (Argentina); Sreten Hie (Yugoslavia); Chandra S. first election the terms of five members, to be determined by Jha (India); Cecil E. King (United Kingdom); Joseph A. Sawe drawing lots, were to expire at the end of two years, and those of (United Republic of Tanzania); A. F. Sokirkin (USSR).* five others, at the end of three years. The structure of the United Nations 1083

Members.' International Law Commission To serve for a term of two years: Syed Amjad Ali (Pakistan); The International Law Commission consists of 25 persons of Michael O. Ani (Nigeria); A. S. Chistyakov (USSR); Parmesh- recognized competence in international law elected by the war N. Haksar (India); Mrs. Halima Embarek Warzazi General Assembly in their individual capacities for a five-year (Morocco). term. Vacancies occurring within the five-year period are filled To serve for a term of three years: Toru Hagiwara (Japan); •by the Commission. Robert E. Hampton (United States); Arthur H. M. Wilis (United The Commission held its twenty-sixth session at Geneva, Kingdom); Antonio Fonseca Pimentel (Brazil); Jean-Louis Switzerland, from 6 May to 26 July 1974. Plihon (France). To serve for a term of four years: A. L. Adu, Vice-Chairman Members in 1974 (to serve until 31 December 1976): Roberto (Ghana); Pascal Frochaux (Switzerland); Jiri Nosek Ago (Italy); Mohammed Bedjaoui (Algeria); Ali Suat Bilge (Czechoslovakia); Raul A. Quijano, Chairman (Argentina); (Turkey); Juan Jose Calle y Calle (Peru); Jorge Castaneda Doudou Thiam (Senegal). (Mexico); Abdullah El-Erian (Egypt); Taslim O. Elias (Nigeria); Edvard Hambro (Norway); Richard D. Kearney * Appointed on 18 December 1974. The Chairman and Vice- (United States); Alfredo Martinez Moreno (El Salvador); C. W. Chairman were designated also on the same date. Pinto (Sri Lanka); Robert Q. Quentin-Baxter (New Zealand); Alfred Ramangasoavina (Madagascar); Paul Reuter(France); Working Group on United Nations Programme Zenon Rossides (Cyprus);* Milan Sahovic (Yugoslavia);" Jo­ and Budget Machinery se Sette Camara, First Vice-Chairman (Brazil); Abdul Hakim By a decision of 18 December 1974, the General Assembly Tabibi, Second Vice-Chairman (Afghanistan); Arnold J. P. established an ad hoc Working Group on United Nations Pro­ Tammes (Netherlands); Doudou Thiam, Rapporteur gramme and Budget Machinery to review the existing United (Senegal); Senjin Tsuruoka (Japan); N. A. Ushakov (USSR); Nations inter-governmental and expert machinery for the for­ Endre Ustor, Chairman (Hungary); Sir Francis Vallat (United mulation, review, approval and evaluation of programmes and Kingdom); Mustafa Kamil Yasseen (Iraq). budgets, including the medium-term plan, and to recommend means of improving the existing system. It was to report to the * Did not attend the twenty-sixth session. Assembly. "Elected by the Commission on 9 May 1974, to fill the The Working Group was to consist of 22 Member States to be vacancy caused by the death on 11 March 1974 of Milan Bartos designated by the President of the Assembly on the basis of (Yugoslavia). equitable geographical distribution. The members were not appointed in 1974. SUB-COMMITTEE ON THE LAW OF THE NON-NAVIGATIONAL United Nations Administrative Tribunal USES OF INTERNATIONAL WATERCOURSES Members in 1974: The Sub-Committee, established by the International Law To serve until 31 December 1974: Francis T. P. Plimpton, Commission on 14 May 1974, held one series of meetings at Second Vice-President (United States); Sir Roger Bentham Geneva, Switzerland, between 23 May and 15 July 1974. Stevens (United Kingdom). To serve until 31 December 1975: Francisco A. Forteza Members: Taslim 0. Elias (Nigeria); Richard D. Kearney, (Uruguay); Zenon Rossides (Cyprus). Chairman (United States); Milan Sahovic (Yugoslavia); Jose To serve until 31 December 1976: Mrs. Paul Bastid, First Vice- Sette CSmara (Brazil); Abdul Hakim Tabibi (Afghanistan). President (France); Mutuale Tshikankie (Zaire); R. Ven- kataraman, President (India). Committee on Arrangements for a Conference for the Purpose of Reviewing the Charter On 12 November 1974, the General Assembly reappointed All Members of the United Nations are members of the Com­ Francis T. P. Plimpton (United States) and Sir Roger Bentham mittee. Stevens (United Kingdom) for a three-year term starting on The Committee did not meet in 1974. I January 1975 to fill the seats falling vacant on 31 December 1974. Ad Hoe Committee on the Charter of the United Nations Members for 1975: Mrs. Paul Bastid (France), Francisco A. The Ad Hoc Committee on the Charter of the United Nations Forteza (Uruguay), Mutuale Tshikankie (Zaire), Francis T. P. was established by the General Assembly on 17 December Plimpton (United States), Zenon Rossides (Cyprus), Sir 1974, to consider observations from Member States regarding Roger Bentham Stevens (United Kingdom), R. Venkataraman the review of the Charter and any additional, specific proposals (India). that might be made to enhance the ability of the United Nations to achieve its purposes, as well as other suggestions for its Committee on Applications for Review of more effective functioning that might not require amendments Administrative Tribunal Judgements to the Charter. The Committee held its fourteenth session at United Nations The Ad Hoc Committee was to consist of 42 members to be Headquarters, New York, from 12 to 27 November 1974 and on appointed by the President of the Assembly, with due regard for II December 1974. the principle of equitable geographical distribution. The members were not appointed in 1974. Members (from 17 September 1974) (based on the composition of the General Committee at the General Assembly's twenty- Special Committee on the Question of ninth session): Algeria, Argentina, Austria, Central African Defining Aggression Republic, China, France, Germany (Federal Republic of), The Special Committee was composed of 35 members ap­ Greece, Haiti, Iraq, Ivory Coast, Lebanon, Mali, Mexico, Mon­ pointed by the President of the General Assembly, taking into golia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Philippines, Romania, Sweden, consideration the principle of equitable geographical rep­ USSR, United Kingdom, United States, Yugoslavia, Zambia. resentation and the necessity of representing the principal legal systems of the world. Chairman: Milan Sahovic (Yugoslavia). The Special Committee held its final series of meetings at Vice-Chairman: Orlando Montenegro Medrano (Nicaragua). United Nations Headquarters, New York, between 11 March Rapporteur: Henry Steel (United Kingdom). and 12 April 1974. 1084 Appendix III

Members in 1974: Algeria, Australia, Bulgaria, Canada, Colom­ Vice-Chairmen: Nehemias Gueiros (Brazil), Emmanuel Sam bia, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Ecuador, Egypt, Finland, (Ghana), Khadga Bhakta Singh (Nepal). France, Ghana, Guyana, Haiti, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Rapporteur: Roland Loewe (Austria). Japan, Madagascar, Mexico, Norway, Romania, Sierra Leone, Spain, Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, Turkey, Uganda, WORKING GROUP ON THE INTERNATIONAL SALE OF GOODS USSR, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Yugoslavia, The Working Group held its fifth session at Geneva, Switzer­ Zaire. land, from 21 January to 1 February 1974.

Chairman: Bengt H. G. A. Broms (Finland). Members in 1974: Austria, Brazil, Czechoslovakia,* France, Vice-Chairmen: Jan Azud (Czechoslovakia), Dinos Moushoutas Ghana, Hungary, India, Japan, Kenya, Mexico, Sierra Leone,* (Cyprus), MoTse A. Rakotosihanaka (Madagascar). USSR, United Kingdom, United States. Rapporteur: Joseph A. Sanders (Guyana). * Did not attend the fifth session; appointed on 17 May 1974 WORKING GROUP by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law On 11 March 1974, the Special Committee established a to replace Iran and Tunisia, respectively, whose terms on the Working Group open to all delegations to continue to prepare, Commission expired on 31 December 1973. for submission to the Special Committee, a draft definition of aggression, based on the consolidated text produced in 1973. Chairman: Jorge Barrera-Graf (Mexico). Rapporteur: Gyula Eorsi (Hungary). Chairman: Bengt H. G. A. Broms (Finland). WORKING GROUP ON INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION ON SHIPPING Commission on Permanent Sovereignty over The Working Group held two sessions in 1974, both at Natural Resources Geneva, Switzerland: its sixth, from 4 to 20 February; and its Members in 1974: Afghanistan, Chile, Egypt, Guatemala, seventh, from 30 September to 11 October. Netherlands, Philippines, Sweden, USSR, United States. Members in 1974: Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Chile, The Commission did not meet in 1974. Egypt, France, Germany (Federal Republic of),* Ghana, Hun­ gary, India, Japan, Nigeria, Norway, Poland, Singapore, USSR, United Kingdom, United Republic of Tanzania, United Advisory Committee on the United Nations Programme States, Zaire." of Assistance In the Teaching, Study, Dissemination and Wider Appreciation of International Law * Appointed by the United Nations Commission on Interna­ The Advisory Committee held its ninth session at United tional Trade Law on 17 May 1974, to replace Spain, whose term Nations Headquarters, New York, on 11 November 1974. on the Commission expired on 31 December 1973. ** Did not attend the seventh session. Members (to serve until 31 December 1975): Barbados,* Belgium,* Cyprus, El Salvador, France, Ghana, Hungary, Chairman: Mohsen Chafik (Egypt). Iraq,* Mali,* USSR, United Kingdom, United Republic of Tan­ Vice-Chairmen: Nehemias Gueiros (Brazil) (sixth session), D. zania, United States. M. Lbpez Saavedra (Argentina) (seventh session); Stanislaw Suchorzewski (Poland). * Did not attend the ninth session. Rapporteur: R. K. Dixit (India).

Chairman: Frank Edmund Boaten (Ghana). WORKING GROUP ON INTERNATIONAL NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS The Working Group held its second session at United Nations United Nations Commission on International Headquarters, New York, from 7 to 18 January 1974. Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Members in 1974: Egypt,* France, India, Mexico, Nigeria, As enlarged by the General Assembly ort 12 December 1973, USSR, United Kingdom, United States. the membership of the Commission rose from 29 to 36 effective 1 January 1974. The members, elected by the Assembly in * Did not attend the second session. accordance with a formula providing equitable geographical representation and adequate representation of the principal Chairman: Rene Roblot (France). economic and legal systems of the world, serve six-year terms, Rapporteur: Roberto Luis Mantilla-Molina (Mexico). with expiration dates determined in such manner as to allow rotation every three years. The Commission held its seventh session at United Nations Headquarters, New York, from 13 to 17 May 1974. Committee on Relations with the Host Country The Committee on Relations with the Host Country is com­ Members in 1974: posed of the host country and 14 Member States chosen by the To serve until 31 -December 1976: Australia, Austria, Chile, President of the General Assembly, in consultation with Egypt, France, Ghana, Guyana, Japan, Nepal, Nigeria, Nor­ regional groups and taking into consideration equitable geo­ way, Poland, Singapore, Somalia,* USSR, United Kingdom, graphical representation. United Republic of Tanzania. To serve until 31 December 1979: Argentina, Barbados, Bel­ Members in 1974: Bulgaria, Canada, China, Costa Rica, Cyprus, gium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Gabon,* France, Honduras, Iraq, Ivory Coast, Mali, Spain, USSR, Germany (Federal Republic of), Greece, Hungary, India, United Kingdom, United Republic of Tanzania, United Kenya, Mexico, Philippines, Sierra Leone, Syrian Arab States (host country). Republic, United States, Zaire. Chairman: Zenon Rossides (Cyprus). * Did not attend the seventh session. Vice-Chairmen: Simeon Ake (Ivory Coast), Guero Grozev (Bul­ garia), Angus J. Matheson (Canada). Chairman: Jerzy Jakubowski (Poland). Rapporteur: Mrs. Emilia Castro de Barish (Costa Rica). The structure of the United Nations 1085

WORKING GROUP with the Host Country to replace Guyana, which withdrew from Members in 1974: Bulgaria, Costa Rica,* Mali, Spain, United the Committee on 1 January 1974. Kingdom, United Republic of Tanzania, United States. Chairmen: Mrs. Emilia Castro de Barish (Costa Rica). * Elected on 21 February 1974 by the Committee on Relations

The Security Council

The Security Council consists of 15 Members of the United United States. Army representative: Lieutenant-General Nations, in accordance with the provisions of Article 23 of the Donald H. Cowles. Navy representative: Vice-Admiral Joseph United Nations Charter as amended in 1965. P. Moorer. Air Force representative: Lieutenant-General Du- ward L. Crow (until 31 July 1974), Lieutenant-General Marion MEMBERS IN 1974 L. Boswell (from 1 August 1974). Permanent members: China, France, USSR, United Kingdom, United States. Disarmament Commission Non-permanent members: Australia, Austria, Byelorussian The Commission reports to both the General Assembly and SSR, Costa Rica, Indonesia, Iraq, Kenya, Mauritania, Peru, the Security Council. (See above, under THE GENERAL AS­ United Republic of Cameroon. SEMBLY.)

On 11 October 1974, the General Assembly elected Guyana, Collective Measures Committee Italy, Japan, Sweden and the United Republic of Tanzania to The Committee reports to both the General Assembly and the serve for a two-year term, ending 31 December 1976, to replace Security Council. (See above, under THE GENERAL ASSEM­ Australia, Austria, Indonesia, Kenya and Peru, whose terms of BLY.) office were to expire on 31 December 1974. Standing committees MEMBERS FOR 1975 There are three standing committees of the Security Council: Permanent members: China, France, USSR, United Kingdom, the Committee of Experts (to examine the provisional rules of United States. procedure of the Council and any other matters entrusted to it Non-permanent members: by the Council); the Committee on the Admission of New Mem­ To serve until 31 December 1975: Byelorussian SSR, Costa bers; and the Committee on Council Meetings Away from Rica, Iraq, Mauritania, United Republic of Cameroon. Headquarters. Each is composed of representatives of all To serve until 31 December 1976: Guyana, Italy, Japan, Swe­ Council members. den, United Republic of Tanzania.

PRESIDENTS IN 1974 Ad hoc bodies The Presidency of the Council rotates monthly, according to the English alphabetical listing of its member States. The fol­ United Nations Commission for Indonesia lowing served as Presidents during 1974: Members: Australia, Belgium, United States. Month Member Representative January Costa Rica Gonzalo J. Facio On 1 April 1951, the Commission adjourned sine die. February France Louis de Guiringaud March Indonesia Chaidir Anwar Sani United Nation* Truce Supervision Organization April Iraq Talib Hussain El-Shibib In Palestine (UNTSO) May Kenya Charles Gatere Maina Chief of Staff: Colonel R. W. Bunworth (Acting Chief of Staff, June Mauritania Moulaye El Hassen until 1 April 1974), Major-General Bengt Liljestrand (from July Peru Javier Perez de Cuellar August USSR Y. A. Malik 1 April 1974). September United Kingdom Ivor S. Richard October United Republic of United Nations Middle East Mission (UNMEM): Cameroon Michel Njine Special Representative of the Secretary- November United States John A. Scali General to the Middle East December Australia Sir Laurence Rupert Mclntyre Gunnar V. Jarring.

Military Staff Committee United Nations Representative for India The Military Staff Committee met fortnightly throughout and Pakistan (UNRIP) 1974; the first meeting was held on 10 January and the last, on Vacant. 23 December. China. Army representative and head of delegation: Lin Fang. United Nations Military Observer Group Navy representative: Yang Ming-Hang. Air Force representa­ In India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP) tive: Chang Wu-tang. Assistant to head of delegation: Chi Chief Military Observer: Lieutenant-General Luis Tassara Shu-Jang. Gonzalez. France. Army representative: Major-General Etienne de Gras- set. Navy representative: Commander Andre Sauvage. Air Sub-Committee on the Situation in Angola Force representative: Colonel Michel J. Espieux (until 10 July The Sub-Committee reported to both the General Assembly 1974), Lieutenant-Colonel Claude Cholin (from 11 July 1974). and the Security Council in 1961 and 1962. (See above, under USSR. Armed Forces representatives: Major-General V. S. THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY.) It adjourned sine die after consid­ Tovma; Colonel R. N. Soupriagin (until 6 June 1974), eration of its reports at the Assembly's seventeenth session in Lieutenant-Colonel V. N. Chernyshev (from 18 December December 1962. 1974); Colonel V. I. Linkevitch; Captain 3rd Rank A. P. Koval. United Kingdom. Head of delegation: Vice-Admiral lan Easton. Special Committee against Apartheid Army representative: Brigadier Henry Gabriel Woods. Navy The Special Committee reports to both the General Assembly representative: Rear-Admiral Lancelot R. Bell-Davies. Air and the Security Council. (See above, under THE GENERAL Force representative: Air Commodore William Harbison. ASSEMBLY.) 1086 Appendix III

United Nations Peace-keeping Force In On 30 January 1974, the Committee elected Charles Gatere Cyprus (UNFICYP) Maina (Kenya) Chairman for the year 1974 and decided that the Commander: Major-General Dewan Prem Chand. delegations of Costa Rica and Indonesia provide the two Vice- Special Representative of the Secretary-General in Cyprus: Chairmen for the same period. Bibiano F. Osorio-Tafall (until 30 June 1974), Luis Weckmann-Munoz (from 1 July 1974). Ad Hoc Sub-Committee on Namibia (For a list of United Nations Member States which have con­ The Ad Hoc Sub-Committee consists of all the members of tributed personnel to UNFICYP, see pp. 261 and 290.) the Security Council. It did not meet in 1974. United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF) Commander. Lieutenant-Qeneral Ensio P. H. Siilasvuo. Committee of Experts Established by the Security Council at its 1506th Meeting United Nations Dleengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) (on the question of micro-States) Established on 31 May 1974, the United Disengagement Ob­ The Committee consists of all the members of the Security server Force became operative on 3 June 1974. Council. The chairmanship is rotated monthly in the English alphabetical order of the member States. Commander. Brigadier-General Gonzalo Briceno Zevallos (In­ It did not meet in 1974. terim Commander, until 15 December 1974), Colonel Hannes Philipp (Officer-in-Charge, from 16 December 1974). Special Representative of the Secretary-General appointed under Security Council Consensus of Security Council Committee Established 28 February 1974 In Pursuance of Resolution 253 (1968) concerning Luis Weckmann-Munoz.* the Question of Southern Rhodesia The Committee consists of all the members of the Security * Appointed on 18 March 1974. Council.

The Economic and Social Council The Economic and Social Council consists of 54 Members of Fifty-sixth session, held at United Nations Headquarters, New the United Nations, elected by the General Assembly, each for a York, from 22 April to 17 May 1974. three-year term, in accordance with the provisions of Article 61 Fifty-seventh session, held at Geneva, Switzerland, from 3 July of the United Nations Charter as amended in 1965 and 1973. to 2 August 1974. Resumed fifty-seventh session, held at United Nations Head­ MEMBERS IN 1974 quarters, New York, on 14 and 18 October, 19, 26 and To serve until 31 December 1974: Argentina, Bolivia, Burundi, 29 November and 5, 10 and 16 December 1974. Canada, Chile, China, Czechoslovakia, Ethiopia, Finland, India, Japan, Kenya, Pakistan, Poland, Sweden, USSR, OFFICERS IN 1974 United Kingdom, Zaire. President: Aarno Karhilo (Finland). To serve until 31 December 1975: Algeria, Brazil, Fiji, France, Vice-Presidents: Iqbal Akhund (Pakistan); Victor Manuel Bar- Germany (Federal Republic of), Guatemala, Guinea, In­ celd Rodriguez (Mexico); Zewde Gabre-Sellassie (Ethiopia) donesia, Mali, Mongolia, Netherlands, Senegal, Spain, (until 22 April 1974), Simeon Ake (Ivory Coast) (from 6 May Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, Uganda, Venezuela, Yugo­ 1974); Ladislav Smid (Czechoslovakia). slavia. To serve until 31 December 1976: Australia, Belgium, Colom­ Subsidiary and other related organs bia, Congo, Democratic Yemen, Egypt, German Democratic Republic, Iran, Italy, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Jordan, Liberia, SUBSIDIARY ORGANS Mexico, Romania, Thailand, United States., Zambia. In addition to three regular sessional committees, the Economic and Social Council may, at each session, set up On 4 December 1974, the General Assembly elected the fol­ other committees and refer to them any question on the agenda lowing States for a three-year term starting on 1 January 1975 for study and report. Such committees, which may be commit­ to fill thevacancies occurring on 31 December 1974: Argentina, tees of the whole or of limited membership, may be authorized Bulgaria, Canada, China, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Ecuador, to sit while the Council is not in session. Ethiopia, Gabon, Japan, Kenya, Norway, Pakistan, Peru, USSR, Other subsidiary organs reporting to the Council consist of United Kingdom, Yemen, Zaire. functional commissions, regional commissions, standing committees and ad hoc committees. Members for 1975: Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Those bodies marked * were set up or began to function Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, China, Colombia, Congo, Czecho­ during 1974, and those marked t were discontinued in 1974. slovakia, Democratic Yemen, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, An inter-agency Administrative Committee on Co-ordination Ethiopia, Fiji, France, Gabon, German Democratic Republic, also reports to the Council. Germany (Federal Republic of), Guatemala, Guinea, In­ For details, see below. donesia, Iran, Italy, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mexico, Mongolia, Netherlands, Nor­ Sessional committees way, Pakistan, Peru, Romania, Senegal, Spain, Thailand, Economic Committee Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, Uganda, USSR, United King­ Social Committee dom, United States, Venezuela, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zaire, Policy and Programme Co-ordination Committee Zambia. Ad Hoc Committee on the Rationalization of the Work of the Council Special Intersessional Committee SESSIONS IN 1974 Organizational session for 1974, held at United Nations Head­ Functional commissions and subsidiaries quarters, New York, on 7, 9 and 10 January 1974. Statistical Commission The structure of the United Nations 1087

Population Commission United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Commission for Social Development Governing Council Ad Hoc Advisory Committee for the Research and Training Budgetary and Finance Committee Programme in Regional Development Inter-Agency Consultative Board of UNDP (IACB) Commission on Human Rights United Nations Fund for Population Activities (UNFPA) Working Group (established by Commission decision 3 United Nations Jnstitute for Training and Research (UNITAR) (XXX))' United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Pro­ Executive Board tection of Minorities Programme Committee Working Group (established by Sub-Commission resolution Committee on Administration and Finance 2 (XXIV)). Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Working Group (established by Sub-Commission resolution (UNHCR) 11 (XXVII))' International Narcotics Control Board Ad Hoc Committee on Periodic Reports on Human Rights United Nations/FAO Intergovernmental Committee of the Ad Hoc Working Group of Experts (established by Commis­ World Food Programme sion resolution 2 (XXIII)) Preparatory Committee of the World Food Conferencet Commission on the Status of Women World Food Council* Working Group on a New Draft Instrument or Instruments of United Nations Research Institute for Social Development International Law to Eliminate Discrimination against (UNRISD) Woment Board of Directors Commission on Narcotic Drugs United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Sub-Commission on Illicit Drug Traffic and Related Matters Governing Council in the Near and Middle East United Nations Special Fund* Ad Hoc Committee on Illicit Traffic in the Far East Regiont Board of Governors* Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Regional commissions Group of Experts on Explosives Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) Group of Rapporteurs of the Committee of Experts on the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific Transport of Dangerous Goods (ESCAP) United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA) Group of Experts on Tax Treaties between Developed and Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) Developing Countries Economic Commission for Western Asia (ECWA)

Standing committees Sessional committees Committee on Non-Governmental Organizations Each of the Economic and Social Council's sessional com­ Committee on Housing, Building and Planning mittees consists of the 54 members of the Council. Committee for Programme and Co-ordination Committee on Science and Technology for Development SESSIONAL AND INTERSESSIONAL Intergovernmental Working Group of the Committee on COMMITTEES IN 1974 Science and Technology for Development* Economic Committee Advisory Committee on the Application of Science and Tech­ Social Committee nology to Development Policy and Programme Co-ordination Committee* Committee for Development Planning Ad Hoc Committee on the Rationalization of the Work of the Committee on Natural Resources Council Committee on Crime Prevention and Control Special Intersessional Committee Committee on Review and Appraisal Committee on Negotiations with Intergovernmental Agencies * Formerly known as the Co-ordination Committee. Commission on Transnational Corporations* OFFICERS OF THE SESSIONAL AND Administrative Committee on Co-ordination INTERSESSIONAL COMMITTEES IN 1974 Economic Committee. Chairman: Iqbal Akhund (Pakistan). Ad Hoc bodies Vice-Chairmen: Bernhard Neugebauer (German Democratic Commission on Permanent Sovereignty over Natural Re­ Republic) (fifty-sixth session), Wolfgang Sproete (German sources Democratic Republic) (fifty-seventh session); Peter Joseph Ad Hoc Working Group on the Question of a Declaration on Ndung'u (Kenya) (fifty-seventh session). International Economic Co-operation Social Committee. Chairman: Ladislav Smid (Czechoslova­ Group of Eminent Persons to Study the Impact of Multinational kia). Vice-Chairmen: Mrs. Lucille Mair (Jamaica); Gholam Corporations on Development and on International Ali Sayar (Iran). Relationst Policy and Programme Co-ordination Committee. Chairman: Advisory Committee of Experts on the World Population Plan of Simeon Ake (Ivory Coast). Vice-Chairmen: Lorenzo Abel Actiont Olivieri (Argentina); Chusei Yamada (Japan). Ad Hoc Intergovernmental Group on Container Standards for Ad Hoc Committee on the Rationalization of the Work of the International Multimodal Transport Council. Chairman: Victor Manuel Barceld Rodriguez Preparatory Committee for the Special Session of the General (Mexico). Vice-Chairman: L. John Wilder (Canada). Assembly Devoted to Development and International Special Intersessional Committee. Chairman: Iqbal Akhund Economic Co-operation* (Pakistan). Vice-Chairman: Wolfgang Sproete (German Democratic Republic).

OTHER RELATED BODIES Functional commissions and subsidiaries A number of other United Nations organs, though not estab­ The Economic and Social Council has six functional com­ lished by the Economic and Social Council, report in various missions and two sub-commissions: the Statistical Commis­ ways to the Council or through it to other bodies. (For details, sion, the Population Commission, the Commission for Social see below.) Development, the Commission on the Status of Women, and 1088 Appendix III the Commission oh Narcotic Drugs and its Sub-Commission on jolalito (alternates). Japan: T. Kuroda; Toshiaki Tanabe (alter­ Illicit Drug Traffic and Related Matters in the Near and Middle nate). Mauritania: Turkia Ould-Daddah. Morocco: (not rep­ East, which meet biennially; the Commission on Human Rights resented). Netherlands: Dirk Jan van de Kaa, Rapporteur; Hen- and its Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and ricus Gajentaan (alternate). Niger: J. Adehossi. Panama: Hil- Protection of Minorities, which meet annually. debrando Araica A. Peru: Nestor Urrutia. Philippines: Miss Mercedes B. Concepcion, Chairman; Leandro Verceles, Miss Statistical Commission Nona A. Zaldivar (alternates). Romania: Mircea Malitza (acting The Statistical Commission consists of 24 members, elected representative), Vice-Chairman; Aurel Preda, Vladimir Trebici for four-year terms by the Economic and Social Council. (alternates). Rwanda: Frangois Bararwerekana. Sweden: Mrs. Inga Thorsson; Carl E. T. Wahren (alternate). Thailand: Visid Members in 1974: Prachuabmoh. Tunisia: Mezri Chekir; Bchir Mongi (alternate). To serve until 31 December 1975: Argentina, Czechoslovakia, Turkey: Haluk Cillov. Ukrainian SSR: V. F. Burlin. USSR: A. A. Ghana, India, Kenya, Malaysia, Spain, Ukrainian SSR. Isupov; A. I. Roslov (alternate). United Kingdom: Miss Jean To serve until 31 December 1976: Brazil, France, Hungary, Helen Thompson; John E. C. Macrae (alternate). United States: Japan, Sri Lanka, Sweden, United Kingdom, Uruguay. William H. Draper, Jr.; Philander P. Claxton, Jr., John W. To serve until 31 December 1977: Canada, Gabon, New Zea­ McDonald, Jr. (alternates). land, Sierra Leone, Tunisia, USSR, United States, Venezuela. Members for 1975: Brazil, Costa Rica, Denmark, Ecuador, The Commission held its eighteenth session at Geneva, Egypt, France, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Japan, Mauritania, Switzerland, from 7 to 18 October 1974, with the following Morocco, Netherlands, Niger, Panama, Peru, Philippines, members and their chief representatives: Romania, Rwanda, Sweden, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, Argentina: Carlos A. Passalacqua (alternate). Brazil: Isaac Ukrainian SSR, USSR, United Kingdom, United States. Kerstenetzky. Canada: Mrs. Sylvia Ostry; Vincent R. Berlin- guette, Bela Prigly (alternates). Czechoslovakia: Jan Kazimour. Commission for Social Development France: Jean Ripert; Andre Vanoli (alternate). Gabon: (not rep­ The Commission for Social Development consists of 32 resented). Ghana: Kweku Twum de Graft-Johnson. Hungary: members, elected for four-year terms by the Economic and Egon Szabady; Gyula Horvath (alternate). India: V. R. Rao. Social Council. Japan: Kinichiro Saito; Hiroyasu Kudo (alternate). Kenya: Par- The Commission did not meet in 1974. meet Singh. Malaysia: Ramesh Chander, Second Vice- Chairman. New Zealand: Ernest Alfred Harris. Sierra Leone: Members in 1974: Lawrence Adventure Wilfred Harding. Spain: Jesus Garcia To serve until 31 December 1974: Costa Rica, Cyprus, Egypt, Siso; Mrs. Carmen Arribas Rodriguez, J. L. Sanchez Crespo Jamaica, Japan, Somalia, Spain, Tunisia, United Kingdom, (alternates). Sri Lanka: (not represented). Sweden: Ingvar United Republic of Cameroon, Yugoslavia. Ohlsson, Rapporteur; Lennart Fastbom (alternate). Tunisia: To serve until 31 December 1975: Belgium, Dominican Repub­ Houssine Zghal. Ukrainian SSR: N. N. Artemyev. USSR: L. M. lic, France, India, Indonesia, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Ukrainian Volodarsky, First Vice-Chairman. United Kingdom: Sir Claus A. SSR, USSR, United States, Uruguay. Moser, Chairman; Lawrence S. Berman, J. N. C. Hancock (al­ To serve until 31 December 1976: Austria, Chile, Colombia, ternates). United States: Joseph W. Duncan; Edwin D. Goldfield Czechoslovakia, Iraq, Italy, Mauritania, New Zealand, Sudan, (alternate). Uruguay: Horacio Parodi. Venezuela: Jorge R. Thailand. Garcia Duque; Luis J. Montero (alternate). On 16 May 1974, the Economic and Social Council elected Members for 1975: Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Czechoslovakia, the following 11 members for a four-year term starting on France, Gabon, Ghana, Hungary, India, Japan, Kenya, 1 January 1975 to fill the vacancies occurring on 31 December Malaysia, New Zealand, Sierra Leone, Spain, Sri Lanka, Swe­ 1974: Costa Rica, Cyprus, Egypt, Finland, Gabon, Japan, Mali, den, Tunisia, Ukrainian SSR, USSR, United Kingdom, United Mexico, Romania, United Kingdom, Zaire. States, Uruguay, Venezuela. Members for 1975: Austria, Belgium, Chile, Colombia, Costa Population Commission Rica, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Dominican Republic, Egypt, The Population Commission consists of 27 members, elected Finland, France, Gabon, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Italy, Ivory for four-year terms by the Economic and Social Council. Coast, Japan, Mali, Mauritania, Mexico, New Zealand, Nigeria, Romania, Sudan, Thailand, Ukrainian SSR, USSR, Members in 1974: United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Zaire. To serve until 31 December 1975: Egypt, France, Ghana, In­ donesia, Morocco, Peru, Philippines, Sweden, Ukrainian AD HOC ADVISORY COMMITTEE FOR THE RESEARCH SSR. AND TRAINING PROGRAMME IN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT To serve until 31 December 1976: Brazil, Costa Rica, Denmark, The Advisory Committee did not meet in 1974. Netherlands, Niger, Romania, Rwanda, Thailand, Turkey. To serve until 31 December 1977: Ecuador, India, Japan, Mauritania, Panama,Tunisia, USSR, United Kingdom, United Commission on Human Rights States. The Commission on Human Rights consists of 32 members, elected for three-year terms by the Economic and Social The Commission held its third special session at United Na­ Council. tions Headquarters, New York, from 4 to 15 March 1974, with the following members and their chief representatives: Members in 1974: Brazil: Miguel A. Ozorio de Almeida; Luis Augusto de Castro To serve until 31 December 1974: Byelorussian SSR, Chile, Neves, Teodoro Oniga, Pedro M. Pinto Coelho (alternates). Ecuador, Egypt, Iran, Italy, Nigeria, Norway, Romania, Costa Rica: victor Hugo Morgan, Vice-Chairman. Denmark: Senegal, United States. Mogens Boserup; Kirsten H. Riberholdt (alternate). Ecuador: To serve until 31 December 1975: Bulgaria, Dominican Repub­ Eduardo Santos. Egypt: Gamal Askar; Imam M. Selim (alter­ lic, Ghana, Iraq, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Tunisia, Turkey, nate). France: Alfred Sauvy; Henri Leridon (alternate). Ghana: United Kingdom, Zaire. Kweku Twum de Graft-Johnson, Vice-Chairman. India: Samar To serve until 31 December 1976: Austria, Cyprus, France, Sen (acting representative); N. P. Jain (alternate). Indonesia: India, Lebanon, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Sierra Leone, Mrs. Roesiah Sardjono; Pek Poedjioetomo, Miss Kustijah Prod- USSR, United Republic of Tanzania. The structure of the United Nations 1089

The Commission held its thirtieth session at United Nations SUB-COMMISSION ON PREVENTION OF Headquarters, New York, from 4 February to 8 March 1974, with DISCRIMINATION AND PROTECTION OF MINORITIES the following members and their chief representatives: The Sub-Commission consists of 26 members, elected by the Austria: Felix Ermacora, Chairman; Friedrich Hamburger, Commission on Human Rights from nominations of experts Mrs. Edda Weiss (alternates). Bulgaria: Luben Pentchev; Petar made by Member States of the United Nations, in accordance Petrov (alternate). Byelorussian SSR: G. N. Stankevich. Chile: with a scheme to ensure equitable geographical distribution. Raul Bazan Davila; Patricio Carrasco (alternate). Cyprus: Cos- The members serve in their individual capacities as experts, tas Papademas (alternate). Dominican Republic: Kemil L. rather than as governmental representatives, for three-year Dipp-G6mez, Porfirio Dominici (alternates). Ecuador: Jose R. terms. Martinez Cobo; Mario Alemdn Salvador (alternate). Egypt: Ahmed Esmat Abdel Meguid; Ibrahim AM Badawi (alternate). Members in 1974: Mohammed Ahmed Abu Rannat (Sudan), France: Pierre Juvigny; Andre Travert (alternate). Ghana: Hisham Al-Shawi (Iraq), Bali Ram Bhagat (India), Abdel- Annan Arkyin Cato. India: Mrs. Rajen Nehru; N. P. Jain (alter­ wahab Bouhdiba (Tunisia), Francesco Capotorti (Italy), W. nate). Iran: Manouchehr Ganji, Fereydoun Hoveyda, Vice- Beverly Carter, Jr. (United States), Aureliu Cristescu Chairman (alternates). Iraq: Ghassan R. Al-Atiyyah, Riyadh M. (Romania),* Mrs. Erica-Irene A. Daes (Greece), Vicente Diaz S. Al-Qaysi, Wissam S. Zahawie (alternates). Italy: Antonio Cas- Samayoa (Guatemala), I. J. D. Durlong (Nigeria), Baroness sese, Francesco Guariglia (alternates). Lebanon: Edouard Elles of the City of Westminster (United Kingdom), A. G. Ghorra; Naji Abou-Assi, Yahya Mahmassani (alternates). Ravan Farhadi (Afghanistan), Hector Gros-Espiell (Uruguay), Netherlands: T. C. van Boven; A. H. J. M. Speekenbrink (alter­ Jose D. Ingles (Philippines), Branimir M. Jankovic (Yugo­ nate). Nicaragua: Jose Maria Lugo (alternate). Nigeria: O. slavia), Ahmed Mohamed Khalifa (Egypt), Mrs. Kezia Njeri Jemiyo, Mrs. Ruda T. Mohammed, J. O. Thomas (alternates). Egeria Kinyanjui (Kenya), Antonio Martinez-Baez (Mexico), Norway: Sverre J. Bergh Johansen, Ivar Eriksen, ErikTellmann Jose R. Martinez Cobo (Ecuador), Erik Nettel (Austria), Syed (alternates). Pakistan: Ghulam AM Allana; Mian Qadrud-Din (al­ Sharifuddin Pirzada (Pakistan), Mrs. Nicole Questiaux ternate). Panama: Didimo Rlos, Vice-Chairman. Peru: Cord (France), Hernan Santa Cruz (Chile), E. Kofi Sekyiamah Dammert (alternate). Romania: Ion Datcu; Dumitru Ceausu, (Ghana), S. N. Smimov (USSR), Mrs. Halima Embarek War- Nicolae Ropotean, Rapporteur (alternates). Senegal: Keba zazi (Morocco). M'Baye, Vice-Chairman. Sierra Leone: Mrs. M. J. T. Kamara. Tunisia: Rachid Driss; Mohamed Bachrouch, Miss Faika * Elected on 6 March 1974 by the Commission on Human Farouk (alternates). Turkey: Tomur Bayer, Aykut Berk, Mehmet Rights to fill the vacancy created by the resignation of loan Guney, Osman Olcay (alternates). USSR: I. K. Kolosovsky; S. V. Voicu (Romania) on 14 January 1974. Chernichenko, K. F. Gutsenko (alternates). United Kingdom: Sir Keith Unwin; A. R. K. Mackenzie (alternate). United Repub­ The Sub-Commission held its twenty-seventh session at lic of Tanzania: Sebastian Chale, A. M. Hyera, Mrs. B. A. Hyera United Nations Headquarters, New York, from 5 to 23 August (alternates). United States: Philip E. Hoffman; Warren E. 1974, with the following members and alternates: Hewitt, Guy A. Wiggins (alternates). Zaire: Mukuna Kabongo; Mohammed Ahmed Abu Rannat (Sudan). Hisham Al-Shawi; Kashama Mangalo a Gianga (alternate). Riyadh M. S. Al-Qaysi (alternate) (Iraq). Bali Ram Bhagat; E. A. Srinivasan (alternate) (India). Abdelwahab Bouhdiba (Tunisia). On 16 May 1974, the Economic and Social Council elected Francesco Capotorti; Antonio Cassese (alternate) (Italy). W. the following 11 members for a three-year term starting on Beverly Carter, Jr.; John Carey, John Gowen (alternates) 1 January 1975 to fill the vacancies occurring on 31 December (United States). Aureliu Cristescu, Chairman (Romania). Mrs. 1974: Byelorussian SSR, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Egypt, Germany Erica-Irene A. Daes (Greece), Vicente Diaz Samayoa (Federal Republic of), Iran, Italy, Senegal, United States, Upper (Guatemala). I. D. J. Durlong; Mrs. Ruda T Mohammed (alter­ Volta, Yugoslavia. nate) (Nigeria). Baroness Elles of the City of Westminster, Vice-Chairman (United Kingdom). A. G. Ravan Farhadi (Afgha­ Members for 1975: Austria, Bulgaria, Byelorussian SSR, Costa nistan).* Hector Gros-Espiell; Miss Graziella Dubra (alternate) Rica, Cyprus, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, France, (Uruguay). Jose D. Ingles (Philippines). Branimir M. Jankovic Germany (Federal Republic of), Ghana, India, Iran, Iraq, Italy, (Yugoslavia). Ahmed Mohamed Khalifa (Egypt). Mrs. Kezia Njeri Lebanon, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Egeria Kinyanjui (Kenya). Antonio Martinez-Baez, Vice-Chair­ Senegal, Sierra Leone, Tunisia, Turkey, USSR, United King­ man (Mexico). Jose R. Martinez Cobo (Ecuador). Erik Nettel dom, United Republic of Tanzania, United States, Upper (Austria). Syed Sharifuddin Pirzada, Vice-Chairman (Pakistan). Volta, Yugoslavia, Zaire. Jean-Claude Boulard (alternate) (France). Hernan Santa Cruz (Chile). E. Kofi Sekyiamah, Rapporteur (Ghana). S. N. Smirnov; WORKING GROUP L. Dadiani (alternate) (USSR). Mrs. Halima Embarek Warzazi (established by Commission on Human Rights (Morocco). decision 3 (XXX) of 6 March 1974) On 17 May 1974, the Economic and Social Council au­ * Did not attend the twenty-seventh session and was not thorized the establishment of the Working Group to examine represented by an alternate. documents submitted to the Commission on Human Rights purporting to reveal a consistent pattern of gross and reliably Working Group attested violations of human rights. (established by resolution 2 (XXIV) of 16 August 1971 The Working Group was to consist of five members of the of the Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination Commission on Human Rights, selected according to the prin­ and Protection of Minorities pursuant to Economic and ciple of equitable geographical distribution and appointed by Social Council resolution 1503 (XLVIII)) the Chairman of the Commission. The Working Group held its third session at United Nations The Working Group did not meet in 1974. Headquarters, New York, from 22 July to 2 August 1974.

Members:' Ghulam AM Allana (Pakistan), Annan Arkyin Cato Members in 1974: W. Beverly Carter, Jr. (United States) ;* Hector (Ghana), Didimo Rfos (Panama), T. C. van Boven (Nether­ Gros-Espiell, Chairman/Rapporteur (Uruguay); E. Kofi lands). Sekyiamah (Ghana); Syed Sharifuddin Pirzada (Pakistan); S. N. Smirnov (USSR). * On 8 March 1974, the Chairman of the Commission on Human Rights announced that he had appointed four members * Replaced Mrs. Nicole Questiaux (France), who was unable of the Working Group. The fifth was not appointed in 1974. to attend the third session. 1090 Appendix III

Working Group The Commission held its twenty-fifth session at United Na­ (established on 21 August 1974 by resolution 11 (XXVII) tions Headquarters, New York, from 14 January to 1 February of the Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination 1974, with the following members and their representatives: and Protection of Minorities) Argentina: Mrs. Blanca Stabile de Machinandiarena. Bel­ The Working Group, whose establishment was authorized by gium: Mrs. Christiane Hoogstoel-Fabri. Byelorussian SSR: Mrs. the Economic and Social Council on 17 May 1974, was to meet L. P. Marinkevich. Canada: Mrs. Rita Cadieux. Central African prior to each session of the Sub-Commission on Prevention of Republic: (not represented). Chile: Mrs. Alicia Romo-Rom^n. Discrimination and Protection of Minorities to review develop­ China: Mrs. Li Su-wen (acting representative). Colombia: ments in the field of slavery and the slave trade in all their Miss Lilia Sanchez Torres. Costa Rica: Mrs. Thelma Curling. practices and manifestations, including the slavery-like prac­ Dominican Republic: Mrs. Licelott Marte de Barrios, Vice- tices of apartheid and colonialism, the traffic in personsand the Chairman. Egypt: Mrs. Aziza Hussein. Finland: Mrs. Helvi exploitation of the prostitution of others. Saarinen. France: Miss Jeanne Henriette Chaton. Greece: The Working Group was to consist of five members of the Mrs. Erica-Irene A. Daes (acting representative). Guinea: Sub-Commission, to be selected one from each of the geo­ Mrs. Sophie Maka. Hungary: Mrs. Hanna Bokor, Vice-Chairman. graphical regions of Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe, Western India: Miss Shrimati Kamila Tyabji. Indonesia: Mrs. Yetty Rizali Europe and other States, and Latin America, and to be ap­ Noor. Japan: Mrs. Ayako Oba (acting representative). Kenya: pointed after the election of the Sub-Commission's members in Mrs. Phoebe M. Asiyo. Liberia: Mrs. Eugenia A. Stevenson. Ma­ 1975. dagascar: (not represented). Nicaragua: Jose Maria Lugo (act­ ing representative). Nigeria: Mrs. RudaT. Mohammed, Rappor­ AD HOC COMMITTEE ON PERIODIC teur. Norway: Mrs. Eva Kolstad, Vice-Chairman. Philippines: REPORTS ON HUMAN RIGHTS Mrs. Leticia Ramos Shahani, Chairman. Romania: Mrs. Florica The Ad Hoc Committee, a subsidiary of the Commission on Paula Andrei. Thailand: Mrs. Khunying Ubol Huvanandana. Human Rights, held its 1974 meetings at United Nations Head­ USSR: MrsT. N. Nikolaeva. United Kingdom: Mrs Janet Cock- quarters, New York, between 28 January and 1 February. croft. United States: Mrs. Patricia Hutar. Zaire: Mrs. Sekela Kaninda. Members in 1974: France, India, Peru, Romania {Chairman/Rapporteur), Senegal, USSR, United Kingdom, On 16 May 1974, the Economic and Social Council elected United States. the following 11 members for a four-year term starting on 1 January 1975 to fill the vacancies occurring on 31 December AD HOC WORKING GROUP OF EXPERTS 1974: Byelorussian SSR, Dominican Republic, Gabon, In­ {established by Commission on Human Rights donesia, Senegal, Sweden, Thailand, USSR, United Kingdom, resolution 2 (XXIII) of 6 March 1967) United States, Zaire. The Ad Hoc Working Group performs investigatory functions regarding the treatment of political prisoners and other ques­ Members for 1975: Argentina, Belgium, Byelorussian SSR, tions relating to human rights in southern Africa and in African Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican territories under Portuguese domination, including allegations Republic, Egypt, France, Gabon, Greece, Guinea, Hungary, regarding infringements of trade union rights and related prob­ India, Indonesia, Japan, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, lems. Nicaragua, Norway, Philippines, Romania, Senegal, Sweden, In 1974, the Ad Hoc Working Group held its regular series of Thailand, USSR, United Kingdom, United States, Zaire. meetings at United Nations Headquarters, New York, between 14 and 22 January. It held further meetings during its mission to WORKING GROUP ON A NEW DRAFT INSTRUMENT Europe and Africa as follows: at London, United Kingdom, OR INSTRUMENTS OF INTERNATIONAL LAW TO between 15 and 19 July; at Nairobi, Kenya, on 22 and 23 July; at ELIMINATE DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN Lusaka, Zambia, on 26 and 27 July; at Gaborone, Botswana, on The Working Group held a series of meetings at United Na­ 29 and 30 July; at Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania, tions Headquarters, New York, between 7 and 18 Janua ry 1974. between 1 and 7 August; at Kinshasa, Zaire, on 9 August; at Brazzaville, Congo, on 10 August; at Dakar, Senegal, between Members in 1974:' Canada, Chile, Colombia, Dominican 14 and 16 August; and at Geneva, Switzerland, between 19 and Republic {Chairman), Egypt {Rapporteur), Finland, Hungary 22 August. {Vice-Chairman), Indonesia,! Liberia,t Nigeria, Philippines, USSR, United Kingdom, United States, Zaire. Members in 1974: Humberto Diaz-Casanueva (Chile); Felix Ermacora (Austria); Branimir M. Jankovic, Vice-Chairman * One vacancy remained unfilled. (Yugoslavia); A. S. Mani (India); Keba M'Baye, t Not represented at the meetings. Chairman/Rapporteur (Senegal); Mahmud Nasser Rattansey (United Republic of Tanzania). Commission on Narcotic Drugs The Commission on Narcotic Drugs consists of 30 members, Commission on the Status of Women elected for four-year terms by the Economic and Social Council The Commission on the Status of Women consists of 32 from among the Members of the United Nations and of the members, elected for four-year terms by the Economic and specialized agencies and the parties to the Single Convention Social Council. on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, with due regard to the adequate rep­ resentation of (a) countries which are important producers of Members in 1974: opium or coca leaves, (b) countries which are important in the To serve until 31 December 1974: Byelorussian SSR, Central manufacture of narcotic drugs, and (c) countries in which drug African Republic, Dominican Republic, Finland, Indonesia, addiction or the illicit traffic in narcotic drugs constitutes an Nigeria, Thailand, USSR, United Kingdom, United States, important problem, as well as taking into account the principle Zaire. of equitable geographical distribution. To serve until 31 December 1975: Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica, France, Japan, Kenya, Liberia, Norway, Philippines, Members in 1974: Romania. To serve until 31 December 1975: Argentina, Canada, France, To serve until 31 December 1976: Belgium, Canada, China, Germany (Federal Republic of), Hungary, India, Kenya, Colombia, Egypt, Greece, Guinea, Hungary, India, Madagas­ Nigeria, Pakistan, Peru, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, car, Nicaragua. United States, Yugoslavia The structure of the United Nations 1091

To serve until 37 October 1977: Australia, Brazil, Chile, Egypt, Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA) Indonesia, Iran, Jamaica, Japan, Mexico, Morocco, Romania, Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) Togo, Turkey, USSR, United Kingdom. Economic Commission for Western Asia (ECWA) The Commission held its third special session at Geneva, Switzerland, from 18 February to 1 March 1974, with the follow­ * The Commission, formerly known as the Economic Com­ ing members and their chief representatives: mission for Asia and the Far East, was renamed by the Argentina: Lorenzo Abel Olivieri. Australia: Frank Kelly; D. W. Economic and Social Council on 1 August 1974. Murdoch, R. M. Peek (alternates). Brazil: Dr. D. Marques de Miranda Chaves. Canada: Dr. D. M. Smith; T. R. McKim (alter­ Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) nate). Chile: Dr. Elsa Artigas Novoa. Egypt: Dr. Hamdy H. El- Members: Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Byelorussian Hakim; Dr. H. G. Abdel-Messih (alternate). France: Charles Vail- SSR, Canada, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Finland, le; T. J. M. Francfort, Mrs. Germaine Hirlemann, F. Le Mouel, France, German Democratic Republic, Germany (Federal C. Merlin, H. Nargeolet (alternates). Germany, Federal Republic Republic of), Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxem­ of: Dr. Axel Herbst, Otto Baron von Stempel; Dr. Christine bourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Gaudich, Dr. E. Schober, Dr. 0. Schroeder, C. Wittschen (alter­ Romania, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukrainian nates). Hungary: Dr. Bela Boles, First Vice-Chairman; Dr. K. SSR, USSR, United Kingdom, United States, Yugoslavia. Agoston, Tamas Foldeak, Dr. Janos Somogyvari (alternates). India: Jasjit Singh, Rapporteur; B. S. Chawla, Gauri Shankar, The Commission has established the following principal V. R. Sonalkar (alternates). Indonesia: Brigadier-General B. S. subsidiary bodies: Wahyudi; S. H. Hargianto (alternate). Iran: Dr. Hassan Ali Committee on Agricultural Problems; Chemical Industry Azarakhsh. Jamaica: Dr. A. C. Ellington; Miss F. M. Shilletto Committee; Coal Committee; Conference of European Statisti­ (alternate). Japan: Dr. Nobuo Motohashi. Kenya: G. Mwamodo. cians; Committee on Electric Power; Committee on Gas; Mexico: Fernando Castro y Castro, Second Vice-Chairman; Committee on Housing, Building and Planning; Inland Trans­ J. Barona-Lobato, Dr. A. Punaro Rondanini (alternates). port Committee; Senior Advisers to ECE Governments on En­ Morocco: Saad Zniber. Nigeria: T. A. A. Ajayi. Pakistan: vironmental Problems; Senior Advisers to ECE Governments Mohammad Yousuf Orakzai. Peru: A. Rivera Santander; on Science and Technology; Senior Economic Advisers to ECE Dr. Kenny Tejada (alternate). Romania: Dr. Dumitru Dobrescu; Governments; Steel Committee; Timber Committee; Commit­ I. Mateescu (alternate). Sweden: Bror A. Rexed; L. Hultstrand, tee on the Development of Trade; Committee on Water Prob­ G. Krook, Lars Norberg, B.-E. Roos (alternates). Switzerland: lems. Dr. J.-P. Bertschinger; T. Kem6ny (alternate). Thailand: Chitra Some of these committees have established subsidiary Posayanonda; Nirut Chaikool, Dr. Somsong Kanchanahuta, bodies, including standing sub-committees and working par­ Police Major-General B. Napombejra (alternates). Togo: Dr. F. ties. Johnson-Romuald. Turkey: A. Coskun Kirca, Chairman; Resat In addition, the Commission annually establishes a sessional Arim, Miss H. Baskal, Refet Ergin, Aydemir Erman, A. Pektas, T. committee to examine the reports of its principal subsidiary Ulgen (alternates). USSR: E. Babaian; E. Sviridov (alternate). bodies before their discussion in plenary meetings. United Kingdom: C. J. Train; E. W. Callway (alternate). United The Commission held its twenty-ninth session at Bucharest, States: S. B. Vance; J. R. Bartels, Jr., R. L. Dupont, Dr. R. 0. Romania, from 18 to 29 April 1974. Egeberg, Harvey R. Wellman (alternates). Yugoslavia: D. Nikolic. Chairman: Miloslav Hruza (Czechoslovakia). Vice-Chairman: Jens Boyesen (Norway). Members for 1975: Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Rapporteurs: P. Kiewitt (Germany, Federal Republic of), V. Egypt, France, Germany (Federal Republic of), Hungary, Zvezdine (USSR). India, Indonesia, Iran, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Mexico, Morocco, Nigeria, Pakistan, Peru, Romania, Sweden, Switz­ Economic and Social Commission for erland, Thailand, Togo, Turkey, USSR, United Kingdom, Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) United States, Yugoslavia. Members: Afghanistan, Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Burma, China, France, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Khmer Republic, SUB-COMMISSION ON ILLICIT DRUG TRAFFIC AND Republic of Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nauru, Nepal, RELATED MATTERS IN THE NEAR AND MIDDLE EAST Netherlands, New Zealand, Pakistan, Philippines, Republic Members in 1974: Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan, Sweden, Turkey. of Viet-Nam, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Tonga, USSR, United Kingdom, United States, Western Samoa. In 1974, the Sub-Commission held its first meeting at Geneva, Associate members: British Solomon Islands Protectorate, Switzerland, on 22 February. It further undertook a study tour Brunei, Cook Islands, Fiji, Gilbert and Ellice Islands, Hong of the Near and Middle East region from 30 March to 13 April, Kong, Papua New Guinea, Trust Territory of the Pacific Is­ for consultations with the Governments at Islamabad, Pakistan; lands. at Kabul, Afghanistan; at Teheran, Iran; and at Ankara, Turkey. Attending the meeting and study tour were the following mem­ Switzerland, not a Member of the United Nations, partici­ bers and their representatives: pates in a consultative capacity in the work of the Commission. Afghanistan: Mohammad Yahya Maroofi. Iran: Dr. Hassan The following are the main subsidiary bodies of the Commis­ Ali Azarakhsh, Vice-Chairman. Pakistan: Mohammad Yousuf sion: Orakzai. Sweden: Lars Norberg. Turkey: A. Coskun Kirca, Chairman. For policy and direction: Council of Ministers for Asian Economic Co-operation; Advisory Committee of Permanent AD HOC COMMITTEE ON ILLICIT Representatives and Other Representatives Designated by TRAFFIC IN THE FAR EAST REGION Members of the Commission.* Members in 1974: Australia {Chairman), India, Indonesia, For sectoral review and project formulation and programming: Japan, Thailand, United Kingdom. Committee on Agricultural Development; Committee on Economic Planning; Committee on Industry, Housing and Regional commissions Technology;t Committee on Natural Resources; Committee There are five regional commissions: on Population; Committee on Social Development; Commit­ Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) tee on Statistics;* Committee on Trade; Committee on Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific Transport and Communications; Special Body on Land­ (ESCAP)* locked Countries. 1092 Appendix III

For project implementation: Committee for Co-ordination of In addition, the Governing Council of the Latin American Investigations of the Lower Mekong Basin;** Committee for Demographic Centre also reports to the Commission. Co-ordination of Joint Prospecting for Mineral Resources in The Commission did not meet in 1974. Asian Offshore Areas;** Committee for Co-ordination of Joint Prospecting for Mineral Resources in South Pacific Offshore In 1974, the Committee of the Whole of ECLA held two ex­ Areas; Typhoon Committee; Advisory Council, Asian Statisti­ traordinary sessions, both at United Nations Headquarters, cal Institute; Governing Council, Asian Centre for Develop­ New York: its eighth, on 24 and 25 January; and its ninth, on ment Administration; Governing Council, Asian Institute for 21 and 22 October. Economic Development and Planning; Advisory Board, Asian Highway Co-ordinating Committee." Chairman: Pedro Aguayo (Ecuador). First-Vice-Chairman: Angel Maria Oliveri Ldpez (Argentina). * Established by the Economic and Social Commission for Second Vice-Chairman: Saul F. Rae (Canada). Asia and the Pacific on 5 April 1974. Rapporteur: Ruben A. Chelle (Uruguay). t The Asian Conference on Industrialization and the Asian Industrial Development Council were amalgamated into the Economic Commission for Africa (EOA) Committee on Industry, Housing and Technology established Members: Algeria, Botswana, Burundi, Central African Repub­ by the Commission on 5 April 1974. lic, Chad, Congo, Dahomey, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, " Receives institutional support from the United Nations De­ Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, velopment Programme in accordance with its plan of opera­ Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libyan Arab Republic, Madagascar, tion. Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa,* By a resolution of 5 April 1974, the Economic and Social Sudan, Swaziland, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic Commission for Asia and the Pacific decided that not more than of Cameroon, United Republic of Tanzania, Upper Volta, one ad hoc conference could be convened each year to deal Zaire, Zambia. with issues outside the purview of the committees, and that the Associate members: The non-self-governing territories existing subsidiary bodies functioning below the level of the situated within the geographical area of the Commission, main committees were to be replaced by ad hoc inter­ and States, other than Portugal, responsible for international governmental bodies. relations in those territories (i.e. France, Spain and the United The Commission held its thirtieth session at Colombo, Sri Kingdom). Lanka, from 27 March to 6 April 1974. * On 30 July 1963, the Economic and Social Council decided Chairman: J. B. Subasinghe (Sri Lanka). that South Africa should not take part in the work of the Com­ Vice-Chairmen: D. P. Chattopadhyaya (India), Michael Chen mission until conditions for constructive co-operation had (Malaysia), M. A. Connelly (New Zealand), Dugersurengyn been restored by a change in South Africa's racial policy. Erdembileg (Mongolia), Huang Ming-ta (China), Charunphan Isarangkun na Ayuthaya (Thailand), S. Mukhtar Masud Switzerland, not a Member of the United Nations, partici­ (Pakistan), Gorakshya Bahadur Nhuchhe Pradhan (Nepal), pates in a consultative capacity in the work of the Commission. TroadioT. Quiazon, Jr. (Philippines), Kunikichi Saito (Japan), Mohammed Yeganeh (Iran). The principal subsidiary bodies of the Commission are: the Executive Committee, the Technical Committee of Experts, the The Commission appointed a sessional committee of the Conference of African Planners, the Conference of African De­ whole at its thirtieth session. mographers, the Conference of African Statisticians, the Gov­ erning Council of the African Institute for Economic Develop­ ment and Planning, the Committee on Staff Recruitment and Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA) Training, the Trans-African Highway Co-ordinating Committee Members: Argentina, Barbados, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, and the Intergovernmental Committee of Experts for Science Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, and Technology Development in Africa. El Salvador, France, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, The Commission's regular biennial session is at the minis­ Jamaica, Mexico, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Panama, terial level and is known as the Conference of Ministers. Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, United Kingdom, The Conference of Ministers did not meet in 1974. United States, Uruguay, Venezuela. Associate members: Belize, West Indies Associated States (col­ lectively as a single member: Antigua, Dominica, St. Kitts- Economic Commission for Western Aala (ECWA) Nevis-Anguilla, St. Lucia and St. Vincent and the territory of Members: Bahrain, Democratic Yemen, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Montserrat). Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syrian Arab Republic, United Arab Emirates, Yemen. Switzerland, not a Member of the United Nations, partici­ pates in a consultative capacity in the work of the Commission. In 1974, the Commission held two sessions, both at Beirut, Lebanon: its first regular session, from 3 to 8 June; and its first The Commission has established, as its main subsidiary special session, on 9 and 10 September. bodies, the Trade Committee, the Central American Economic Co-operation Committee and the Committee of High-level Gov­ Chairman: Fouad Naff ah (Lebanon). ernment Experts. These bodies have set up various sub­ Vice-Chairmen: Mohammed Zakaria Ismail (Syrian Arab Repub­ committees and working groups. lic) (first session), Bachir El-Kotb (Syrian Arab Republic) (first special session); Khalil Salim (Jordan). By a resolution of 25 January 1974 of the Commission's Com­ Rapporteur: Salah Al-Shakhly (Iraq) (first session), Sabah mittee of the Whole, the Latin American Institute for Economic Mohammed Ali Mahmoud (Iraq) (first special session). and Social Planning became a permanent institution of the Commission, responsible directly to the Commission's Execu­ tive Secretary. By the same resolution, the Committee of the Whole also established the Technical Committee of the Insti­ Standing committees tute to serve as the senior guiding body for the Institute's In 1974, the Economic and Social Council had the following planning activities. standing committees: The structure of the United Nations 1093

Committee on Non-Governmental Organizations Members for 1975:' Argentina, Belgium, Brazil, Byelorussian Committee on Housing, Building and Planning SSR, Denmark, France, Guyana, Haiti, Hungary, India, Japan, Committee for Programme and Co-ordination Pakistan, Togo, USSR, United Kingdom, United States. Committee on Science and Technology for Development Intergovernmental Working Group of the Committee on Sci­ * Elections were not held in 1974 to fill one seat reserved for ence and Technology for Development African States, which fell vacant on 1 January 1974, as well as Advisory Committee on the Application of Science and Tech­ three seats reserved for African States and one for a member nology to Development from Asian States, which were to fall vacant on 1 January 1975. Committee for Development Planning Committee on Natural Resources Committee on Science and Technology for Development Committee on Crime Prevention and Control The Committee on Science and Technology for Development Committee on Review and Appraisal consists of 54 members, elected by the Economic and Social Committee on Negotiations with Intergovernmental Agencies Council for three-year terms in accordance with the geographi­ Commission on Transnational Corporations cal distribution of seats in the Council. The Committee held its second session at United Nations Committee on Non-Governmental Headquarters, New York, from 11 to 29 March 1974. Organizations The Committee on Non-Governmental Organizations is Members in 1974: composed of 13 members of the Economic and Social Council, To serve until 31 December 1974: Brazil, Byelorussian SSR, elected annually by the Council according to a specific pattern Czechoslovakia, Egypt, France, Guatemala, India, Indonesia, of equitable geographical representation. Italy, Kenya, Pakistan, Peru, Poland, Romania, Tunisia, The Committee held a series of meetings at United Nations United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay. Headquarters, New York, between 4 and 8 February 1974. To serve until 31 December 1975:' Canada, Colombia, Demo­ cratic Yemen, Iran, Jordan, Mongolia, Netherlands, New Zea­ Members in 1974;' Bolivia, Egypt, France, German Democratic land, Philippines, Spain, Sri Lanka, Syrian Arab Republic. Republic, Guinea, India, Japan, Liberia, Netherlands, To serve until 31 December 1976:t Algeria," Argentina, Trinidad and Tobago, USSR, United Kingdom, United States. Australia," Belgium, Chile, Germany (Federal Republic of), Jamaica, Japan, Madagascar, Mexico, Sierra Leone, Swe­ * Elected on 10 January 1974. den, USSR, United Republic of Tanzania, Venezuela, Yugo­ slavia, Zaire. Chairman: Mrs. Jean Evelyn George (Trinidad and Tobago). Vice-Chairman/Rapporteur: Henricus Gajentaan (Nether­ * Five seats reserved for African States and one for Western lands). European and other States remained unfilled in 1974. t One seat reserved for African States remained unfilled in Committee on Housing, Building and Planning 1974. The Committee on Housing, Building and Planning consists ** Elected on 10 January 1974. of 27 members, elected for four-year terms by the Economic and Social Council on the basis of equitable geographical dis­ Chairman: Joao Frank da Costa (Brazil). tribution. Vice-Chairmen: Guy B. Gresford (Australia), Leszek Kasprzyk The Committee, which meets biennially, did not meet in 1974. (Poland), C. N. R. Rao (India). Rapporteur: Ernesto C. Garrido (Philippines). Members in 1974: To serve until 31 December 1975: Austria, France, India, On 16 May 1974, the Economic and Social Council elected Nigeria, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago, USSR, United King­ the following members for a three-year term starting on dom, United Republic of Cameroon. 1 January 1975 to fill 17 of the 18 vacancies occurring on To serve until 31 December 1976: Czechoslovakia, Egypt, 31 December 1974: Brazil, Bulgaria, Byelorussian SSR, Chad, Guatemala, Indonesia, Iran, Spain, Togo, Uganda, United France, Guatemala, India, Italy, Nigeria, Pakistan, Peru, Poland, States. Romania, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, United Kingdom, To serve until 31 December 1977: Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, United States. Finland, Gabon, Iraq, Morocco, Thailand, Venezuela. Members for 1975:' Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Committee for Programme and Co-ordination Brazil, Bulgaria, Byelorussian SSR, Canada, Chad, Chile, The Committee for Programme and Co-ordination consists Colombia, Democratic Yemen, France, Germany (Federal of 21 Member States of the United Nations, elected for three- Republic of), Guatemala, India, Iran, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, year terms by the Economic and Social Council according to a Jordan, Madagascar, Mexico, Mongolia, Netherlands, New specific pattern of equitable geographical distribution. Zealand, Nigeria, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Poland, The Committee did not meet in 1974. Romania, Sierra Leone, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Syrian Arab Republic, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, USSR, United Members in 1974: Kingdom, United Republic of Tanzania, United States, To serve until 31 December 1974: Brazil, India, Indonesia, Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zaire. Japan, Kenya, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania. To serve until 31 December 1975: Belgium, Byelorussian SSR, * Elections were not held in 1974 to fill: five seats reserved for Denmark, Guyana, Hungary, Pakistan, United Kingdom. African States and one for a member from Western European To serve until 31 December 1976:' Argentina, France, Haiti, and other States, which fel I vacant on 1 January 1973; one seat Togo, USSR, United States. reserved for a member from African States, which fell vacant on 1 January 1974; and one seat reserved for a member from Asian * The seat reserved for one member from African States re­ States, which was to fall vacant on 1 January 1975. mained unfilled in 1974. INTERGOVERNMENTAL WORKING GROUP On 16 May 1974, the Economic and Social Council elected OF THE COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE Brazil, India and Japan for a three-year term starting on AND TECHNOLOGY FOR DEVELOPMENT 1 January 1975 to fill three of the seven vacancies occurring on On 1 August 1974, the Economic and Social Council decided 31 December 1974. to convene in 1975 an Intergovernmental Working Group of the 1094 Appendix III

Committee on Science and Technology for Development to ments were not appointed to serve the unexpired portion of examine, inter alia, the specific objectives, topics and agenda their terms. of the proposed United Nations Conference on Science and ** Did not attend the tenth session. Technology and report its findings to the Committee. All members of the Committee on Science and Technology Committee on Natural Resources for Development were to be eligible to participate in the session The Committee on Natural Resources consists of 54 United of the Working Group. Nations Member States, elected by the Economic and Social Council according to a specific pattern of equitable geographi­ Advisory Committee on the Application of cal distribution, for four-year terms. Science and Technology to Development The Committee did not meet in 1974. The Advisory Committee consists of 24 members appointed by the Economic and Social Council, on the nomination of the Members in 1974: Secretary-General in consultation with Governments. The To serve until31 December 1974: Argentina, Australia, Central members, who serve in their personal capacities, are appointed African Republic, Egypt, France, Gabon, Greece, Guinea, for three-year terms. Hungary, Iceland, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Kenya, Kuwait, The Advisory Committee held its twentieth session at Netherlands, Norway, Pakistan, Poland, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Geneva, Switzerland, from 21 to 30 October 1974. Sweden, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, Ukrainian SSR, Yugoslavia. Members (to serve until 31 December 1974):* Pierre Victor To serve until 31 December 1976: Algeria, Austria, Bolivia, Auger (France); Bruce H. Billings, Vice-Chairman (United Brazil, Canada, Chile, Germany (Federal Republic of), Ghana, States); Arthur H. Bunting (United Kingdom); Mourad Castel Guatemala, India, Jamaica, Japan, Libyan Arab Republic, (Algeria);t Carlos Chagas (Brazil);t Wilbert K. Chagula Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Peru, Philippines, Romania, Rwanda, (United Republic of Tanzania);! Ricardo Dlez-Hochleitner Syrian Arab Republic, Uganda, USSR, United Kingdom, (Spain); J. M. Gvishiani (USSR);t Alexander Keynan (Israel); Uruguay, Venezuela, Zaire. Thorkil Kristensen (Denmark); Sir Arthur Lewis (St. Lucia);t M. G. K. Menon, Chairman (India); Takashi Mukaibo (Japan); On 16 May 1974, the Economic and Social Council elected Mukendi Mbuyi Tshingoma (Zaire);t Josef Novak the following members for a four-year term starting on (Czechoslovakia); Louis Z. Rousseau (Canada); Frederick T. 1 January 1975 to fill 25 of the 27 vacancies occurring on Sai (Ghana); Abdus Salam (Pakistan); Irimie Staicu 31 December 1974: Argentina, Australia, Egypt, France, Gabon, (Romania); victor Luis Urquidi, Vice-Chairman (Mexico); German Democratic Republic, Iceland, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Kenya, Jose Valenzuela (Chile); Nicola Borissov Videnov (Bulgaria); Kuwait, Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Poland, Sir Ronald Walker (Australia); Mohammed Yeganeh (Iran).t Sudan, Sweden, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, Ukrainian SSR, United States, Upper Volta, Yugoslavia. 'Appointment of the succeeding members of the Advisory Committee did not take place in 1974. Members for 1976:' Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Austria, t Did not attend the twentieth session. Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Egypt, France, Gabon, German Democratic Republic, Germany (Federal Republic of), The Advisory Committee has established Regional Groups Ghana, Guatemala, Iceland, India, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Jamaica, for Africa, Asia and the Pacific, Europe and Latin America. The Japan, Kenya, Kuwait, Libyan Arab Republic, Malawi, Committee has also established ad hoc and functional working Malaysia, Mali, Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Peru, groups. Philippines, Poland, Romania, Rwanda, Sudan, Sweden, Syrian Arab Republic, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, Uganda, Committee for Development Planning Ukrainian SSR, USSR, United Kingdom, United States, Upper The Committee for Development Planning is composed of 24 Volta, Uruguay, Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zaire. experts representing different planning systems. They are ap­ pointed by the Economic and Social Council, on nomination by * Elections were not held in 1974 tofill two seats reserved for the Secretary-General, to serve in their personal capacities for a Asian States, which were to fall vacant on 1 January 1975. period of three years. The Committee held its tenth session at Vienna, Austria, from 25 March to 3 April 1974. Committee on Crime Prevention and Control The Committee on Crime Prevention and Control consists of Members in 1974 (to serve until 31 December 1974):* Chedly 15 members, appointed by the Economic and Social Council on Ayari (Tunisia); Mrs. Ester Boserup (Denmark); Gamani the recommendation of the Secretary-General. The members, Corea, Chairman (Sri Lanka);t William G. Demas (Trinidad who serve in their individual capacities, are appointed for and Tobago);t" Paul Kaya (Congo); V. N. Kirichenko (USSR); three-year terms. Janos Kornai, Vice-Chairman (Hungary); Julio A. Lacarte The Committee held its third session at Geneva, Switzerland, (Uruguay); John P. Lewis, Rapporteur (United States); Ian M. from 23 September to 3 October 1974. D. Little (United Kingdom); J. H. Mensah (Ghana); G. Reza Moghadam (lran);t** Philip Ndegwa (Kenya);t Saburo Okita Members in 1974 (to serve until 31 December 1974):* Mrs. Sylvi (Japan); H. M. A. Onitiri (Nigeria); Jozef Pajestka (Poland); Inkeri Anttila, Vice-Chairman (Finland); Maurice Aydalot Giuseppe Parenti (Italy);** K. N. Raj (India); Jean Ripert (France); Alphonse Boni (Ivory Coast); Norman A. Carlson (France); Germanico Salgado (Ecuador);" Leopoldo Soils (United States);t William R. Cox (United Kingdom); Taslim 0. (Mexico); Jan Tinbergen (Netherlands); Widjojo Nitisastro Elias (Nigeria) ;t Jozsef Godony (Hungary); Ahmed Mohamed (Indonesia).** Khalifa, Chairman (Egypt); Pietro Manca (Italy); Jorge Arturo Montero-Castro (Costa Rica); Atsushi Nagashima (Japan); * The twenty-fourth seat remained unfilled in 1974. Appoint­ Khaleeq Ahmed Naqvi (India); Hamood'ur Rahman (Paki­ ment of the succeeding members of the Committee did not take stan); Jose A. Alves da Cruz Rtos, Rapporteur (Brazil); B. A. place in 1974. Victorov (USSR). t Gamani Corea (Sri Lanka) resigned from the Committee on 4 April 1974; William G. Demas (Trinidad and Tobago), on * Appointment of the succeeding members of the Commit­ 17 August 1974; Philip Ndegwa (Kenya), on 1 October 1974; tee did not take place in 1974. and G. Reza Moghadam (Iran), on 18 February 1974. Replace­ t Did not attend the third session. The structure of the United Nations 1095

Committee on Review and Appraisal tions Conference on Trade and Development; United Nations The Committee on Review and Appraisal, established as a Environment Programme; United Nations Industrial Develop­ standing committee of 54 members, had a membership of 48 in ment Organization; United Nations Development Programme; 1974. Members are elected by the Economic and Social Council World Food Programme; United Nations Children's Fund; Of­ for four-year terms, in accordance with the geographical dis­ fice of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees; tribution of seats in the Council. United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Ref­ The Committee did not meet in 1974. ugees in the Near East; United Nations Institute for Training and Research; and the executive head of the secretariat of the Members in 1974: Contracting Parties to the General Agreement on Tariffs and To serve until 31 December 1975: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Trade. Czechoslovakia, Ghana, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mauritania, Mexico, Norway, Pakistan, Peru, Philip­ * Became a specialized agency on 17 December 1974 and, pines, Poland, Senegal, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Tunisia, ipso facto, became a member of ACC on the same date. Turkey, Ukrainian SSR, USSR, United States, Yugoslavia. To serve until 31 December 1977:' Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, The Secretary-General of the United Nations and the execu­ Canada, Chad.t Colombia, Egypt, France, Germany (Federal tive heads (or their representatives) of all member organiza­ Republic of), Guatemala, Honduras, Iran," Ivory Coast,** tions and bodies, with the exception of the World Intellectual Jordan,** Madagascar, Malaysia, Netherlands, Nigeria,! Property Organization, attended meetings of ACC in 1974. United Kingdom, Venezuela, Zaire. The Administrative Committee on Co-ordination has estab­ lished a number of subsidiary bodies and working groups. * Elections were not held in 1974 to fill four seats reserved for African States and two for Asian States for a term to expire on Ad hoc bodies 31 December 1977. Commission on Permanent Sovereignty over Natural Re­ t Elected on 16 May 1974. sources ** Elected on 10 January 1974. Ad Hoc Working Group on the Question of a Declaration on International Economic Co-operation Committee on Negotiations with Intergovernmental Agencies Group of Eminent PersonsTo Study the Impact of Multinational On 24 July 1973, the Economic and Social Council decided Corporations on Development and on International Rela­ that the Committee on Negotiations with Intergovernmental tions Agencies, established by the Council on 16 February 1946, Advisory Committee of Experts on the World Population Plan of should be composed, for the purposes of negotiations with the Action World Intellectual Property Organization, of representatives of Ad Hoc Intergovernmental Group on Container Standards for Algeria, Barbados, Brazil, Chile, France, Hungary, Japan, International Multimodal Transport Kenya and Malaysia. Preparatory Committee for the Special Session of the General The Committee held a series of meetings at United Nations Assembly Devoted to Development and International Headquarters, New York, between 11 and 15 February, be­ Economic Co-operation tween 25 and 29 March and on 28 and 29 May 1974. Commission on Permanent Sovereignty Chairman: Blaise Rabetafika (Madagascar) (February-March over Natural Resources meetings), L. John Wilder (Canada) (May meetings). The Commission reports to both the General Assembly and the Economic and Social Council. (See above, under THE Commission on Transnational Corporations GENERAL ASSEMBLY.) By a resolution of 5 December 1974, the Economic and Social Council established the Commission on Transnational Corpo­ Ad Hoc Working Group on the Question rations, an inter-governmental advisory body. The Commission of a Declaration on International was to meet and report annually to the Council. Economic Co-operation The Commission was to be composed of 48 membersf rom all Members: Australia, Brazil, Colombia, Ethiopia, France, India, States, to be elected by the Council according to the following Italy, Poland, USSR, United Kingdom, United States, Yugo­ pattern: 12 members from African States, 11 from Asian States, slavia. 10 from Latin American States, 5 from socialist States of East­ ern Europe and 10 from Western European and other States. On 18 December 1968, the Economic and Social Council The members of the Commission, who were to serve for decided to postpone sine die the question of a meeting of the three-year terms, were not elected in 1974. Ad Hoc Working Group. Group of Eminent Persons to Study the Impact Administrative Committee on Co-ordination of Multinational Corporations on Development The membership of the Administrative Committee on Co­ and on International Relations ordination (ACC) includes, under the chairmanship of the The Group of Eminent Persons held its third, and final, ses­ Secretary-General of the United Nations, the executive heads of sion at United Nations Headquarters, New York, from 25 March the following organizations: United Nations; International to 6 April 1974. Labour Organisation; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cul­ Members in 1974: Emerik Blum (Yugoslavia); Tore Browaldh tural Organization; World Health Organization; International (Sweden); John J. Deutsch (Canada); Mohamed Diawara Bank for Reconstruction and Development; International (Ivory Coast); John H. Dunning (United Kingdom); Antonio Monetary Fund; International Civil Aviation Organization; Uni­ Estrany y Gendre (Argentina); Sid Ahmed Ghozali (Algeria); versal Postal Union; International Telecommunication Union; I. D. Ivanov (USSR); Jacob Javits (United States); L. K. Jha, World Meteorological Organization; Inter-Governmental Chairman (India); C. George Kahama, Vice-Chairman (United Maritime Consultative Organization; World Intellectual Prop­ Republic of Tanzania); Ryutaro Komiya (Japan); Sicco Man- erty Organization;* International Atomic Energy Agency. sholt (Netherlands); Hans Matthoeffer (Germany, Federal Also taking part in the Committee's work as full members are Republic of); J. Irwin Miller, Vice-Chairman (United States); the United Nations Under-Secretaries-General for Economic Mohammad Sadli (Indonesia); Hans Schaffner (Switzerland); and Social Affairs and for Administration and Management, Juan Somavia, Rapporteur (Chile); Mario Trindade (Brazil); and the executive heads of the following bodies: United Na­ Pierre Uri, Vice-Chairman (France). 1096 Appendix III

Advisory Committee of Experts on the Group of Rapporteurs of the Committee of Experts on the World Population Plan of Action Transport of Dangerous Goods The Advisory Committee of Experts on the World Population United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names Plan of Action held its final series of meetings at United Nations Group of Experts on Tax Treaties between Developed and Headquarters, New York, between 11 and 15 February 1974. Developing Countries

Members: W. D. Borrie, Rapporteur (Australia); Mrs. R. Dimi- United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) trieva (USSR); Mrs. Nora Federici (Italy); Pierre George (France); AlyGritly (Egypt);* HannesHyrenius(Sweden); Luis GOVERNING COUNCIL Leriero (Mexico); Milos Macura, Chairman (Yugoslavia); The Governing Council of the United Nations Development Minoru Muramatsu (Japan); Frank W. Notestein (United Programme consists of 48 members, elected by the Economic States); Chukuka Okonjo, Vice-Chairman (Nigeria); Antonio and Social Council from Members of the United Nations or Orddnez-Plaja (Colombia); Miguel A. Ozdrio de Almeida members of the specialized agencies or the International (Brazil);* H. Schubnell (Germany, Federal Republic of); A. Atomic Energy Agency. Chandra Sekhar (India); Conrad Taeuber (United States); Twenty-seven seats are allocated to developing countries of Javier Villanueva (Argentina);* Anuri Wanglee (Thailand).* Africa, Asia and Latin America, and Yugoslavia, to be filled as follows: 11 from African countries, 9 from Asian countries and * Did not attend the meetings. Yugoslavia, and 7 from Latin American countries. Twenty-one seats are allocated to economically more ad­ Ad Hoc Intergovernmental Group on Container Standards vanced countries, to be filled as follows: 17 from Western Euro­ for International Multimodal Transport pean and other countries, and 4 from Eastern European coun­ On 4 May 1973, the Economic and Social Council decided tries. that an ad hoc inter-governmental group be convened at the The term of office runs for three years, one third of the end of 1975 to assess the work done by the International Or­ members being elected each year. . ganization for Standardization and determine what further ac­ The Governing Council held its seventeenth session at tion to take in the field of container standards for international United Nations Headquarters, New York, from 14 January to multimodal transport. 1 February 1974; and its eighteenth session at Manila, Philip­ On 14 May 1974, the Council further decided to request the pines, from 5 to 24 June 1974. Trade and Development Board of the United Nations Confer­ ence on Trade and Development to convene the^d Hoc Inter­ Members in 1974: governmental Group. To serve until 31 December 1974: Bulgaria, Ecuador, Ethiopia, Finland, Germany (Federal Republic of), Iraq, Lebanon, Preparatory Committee for the Special Session Netherlands, Nigeria, Poland, Switzerland, Trinidad and To­ of the General Assembly Devoted to Development bago, Turkey, Upper Volta, Uruguay, Yugoslavia. and International Economic Co-operation To serve until 31 December 1975: Austria, Chile, Cuba, Den­ On 2 August 1974, the Economic and Social Council decided mark, India, Iran, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Malaysia, Morocco, to establish a Preparatory Committee, open to all States Mem­ Sudan, Togo, USSR, United Kingdom, United States. bers of the United Nations, to facilitate adequate and thorough To serve until 31 December 1976: Belgium, Brazil, Canada, preparation for the special session of the General Assembly Central African Republic, Chad, France, Ghana, Hungary, devoted to development and international economic co­ Kuwait, Lesotho, New Zealand, Norway, Pakistan, Philip­ operation. pines, Somalia, Sweden. By a resolution of 17 December 1974, the Assembly endorsed the recommendations of the Council regarding the special ses­ President: Narciso G. Reyes (Philippines). sion and requested the Council to convene the Preparatory First Vice-President: Horst Moltrecht (Germany, Federal Re­ Committee not later than March 1975. public of). Second Vice-President: Carlos Giambruno (Uruguay). Other related bodies Third Vice-President: Endre Ivan (Hungary). United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Rapporteur: Gregory I. Aruede (Nigeria). Governing Council Budgetary and Finance Committee On 16 May 1974, the Economic and Social Council elected Inter-Agency Consultative Board of UNDP (IACB) the following States for a three-year term starting on 1 January United Nations Fund for Population Activities (UNFPA) 1975 to fill the vacancies occurring on 31 December 1974: United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) Argentina, Bulgaria, China, Dahomey, Finland, Germany (Fed­ United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) eral Republic of), Guyana, Indonesia, Malawi, Malta, Nether­ Executive Board lands, Niger, Peru, Poland, Sri Lanka, Switzerland. Programme Committee Committee on Administration and Finance Members for 1975: Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bul­ Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees garia, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, (UNHCR) Cuba, Dahomey, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany (Fed­ International Narcotics Control Board eral Republic of), Ghana, Guyana, Hungary, India, Indonesia, United Nations/FAO Intergovernmental Committee of the Iran, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kuwait, Lesotho, Malawi, World Food Programme Malaysia, Malta, Morocco, Netherlands, New Zealand, Niger, Preparatory Committee of the World Food Conference Norway, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Somalia, Sri World Food Council Lanka, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Togo, USSR, United United Nations Research Institute for Social Development Kingdom, United States. (UNRISD) Board of Directors Administrator of UNDP: Rudolph A. Peterson. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Deputy Administrator (Administrative): Bert H. Lindstrom. Governing Council of UNEP Deputy Administrator (Programme): Indraprasad G. Patel. United Nations Special Fund Board of Governors BUDGETARY AND FINANCE COMMITTEE Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods The Budgetary and Finance Committee, a committee of the Group of Experts on Explosives whole, held two series of meetings in 1974: the first, at United The structure of the United Nations 1097

Nations Headquarters, New York, between 14 and 29 January; Republic of), India, Norway, Pakistan, Romania, Thailand, and the second, at Manila, Philippines, between 6 and 18 June. Uruguay, Venezuela. To serve until 31 July 1975: Bulgaria, Chile, Congo, Indonesia, Chairman: Horst Moltrecht (Germany, Federal Republic of). Nigeria, Philippines, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Rapporteur: Arun Abhyankar (India) (January meetings), Seifol- Kingdom. lah Sadeghi-Yarandy (Iran) (June meetings). To serve until 31 July 1976: Central African Republic, Egypt, France, Italy, Japan, Peru, Poland, Rwanda, USSR, United INTER-AGENCY CONSULTATIVE BOARD OF UNDP (IACB) States. The Inter-Agency Consultative Board of UNDP consists of the Administrator of UNDP, the Secretary-General of the United Officers (until 31 July 1974): Nations, the executive heads of the specialized agencies Chairman: Narciso G. Reyes (Philippines). —excepting the International Finance Corporation—and of the First Vice-Chairman: M. A. Silva (Nigeria). International Atomic Energy Agency, and the heads of the Second Vice-Chairman: Boguslaw Kozusznik (Poland). United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and the Third Vice-Chairman: Mrs. Leonora Kracht (Chile). United Nations Industrial Development Organization. Fourth Vice-Chairman: Knut Hedemann (Norway). The Executive Directors of the United Nations Children's Fund, the World Food Programme and the United Nations Envi­ On 10 January 1974, the Economic and Social Council ronment Programme, and the United Nations High Commis­ elected the following members forathree-year term starting on sioner for Refugees are invited to participate, as appropriate, in 1 August 1974 to fill the vacancies occurring on 31 July 1974: the meetings of the Board. Canada, Colombia, Cuba, Finland, Germany (Federal Republic The Board, which meets under the chairmanship of the Ad­ of), India, Pakistan, Thailand, Uganda, Yugoslavia. ministrator of UNDP, held two sessions in 1974, both at United Nations Headquarters, New York: its seventeenth, on 19 April; Members: and its eighteenth, on 28 and 29 October. The organizations To serve until 31 July 1975: Bulgaria, Chile, Congo, Indonesia, represented at both sessions were: Nigeria, Philippines, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United United Nations; International LabourOrganisation; Food and Kingdom. Agriculture Organization of the United Nations; United Nations To serve until 31 July 1976: Central African Republic, Egypt, Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; World France, Italy, Japan, Peru, Poland, Rwanda, USSR, United Health Organization; International Bank for Reconstruction States. and Development; International Monetary Fund; International To serve until 31 July 1977: Canada, Colombia, Cuba, Finland, Civil Aviation Organization; Universal Postal Union; Interna­ Germany (Federal Republic of), India, Pakistan, Thailand, tional Telecommunication Union; World Meteorological Or­ Uganda, Yugoslavia. ganization; Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organi­ zation; International Atomic Energy Agency; and United Na­ Officers (from 1 August 1974): tions Conference on Trade and Development, United Nations Chairman: Hans Conzett (Switzerland). Industrial Development Organization, United Nations First Vice-Chairman: M. A. Silva (Nigeria). Children's Fund, Office of the United Nations High Commis­ Second Vice-Chairman: Boguslaw Kozusznik (Poland). sioner for Refugees, World Food Programme, United Nations Third Vice-Chairman: Ricardo Walter Stubbs (Peru). Environment Programme, United Nations Fund for Population Fourth Vice-Chairman: Kamal Mahmoud El-Hasany (Egypt). Activities and UNDP. The Executive Board has established two committees: the UNITED NATIONS FUND FOR POPULATION Programme Committee and the Committee on Administration ACTIVITIES (UNFPA) and Finance. In addition, UNICEF participates in a The United Nations Fund for Population Activities is under UNICEF/WHO Joint Committee on Health Policy, an the authority of the General Assembly. Its governing body is the FAO/UNICEF Joint Policy Committee and the Protein Advisory Governing Council of the United Nations Development Pro­ Group of the United Nations System. gramme, which reports annually to the Economic and Social Council on the activities of the Fund. Executive Director of UNICEF: Henry R. Labouisse. Executive Director of UNFPA: Rafael M. Salas.

PROGRAMME COMMITTEE United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) The Programme Committee is a UNICEF committee of the The United Nations Institute for Training and Research came whole. into existence in 1965. Its Executive Director reports to the Chairman: Hans Conzett (Switzerland) (until 31 July 1974), P. N. General Assembly and, as appropriate, to the Economic and Luthra (India) (from 1 August 1974). Social Council. (See above, under THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY.) COMMITTEE ON ADMINISTRATION AND FINANCE Members (to serve until 31 July 1974): Bulgaria, Canada, United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Chile, France, Germany (Federal Republic of), India, In­ donesia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines, Poland, Sweden, EXECUTIVE BOARD USSR, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay. The Board consists of 30 Members of the United Nations or Ex-officio members: Chairman of the Executive Board, Chair­ members of the specialized agencies or of the International man of the Programme Committee. Atomic Energy Agency, each elected by the Economic and Chairman: Carlos Giambruno (Uruguay). Social Council for a three-year term. In 1974, the Executive Board held a series of meetings be­ Members (to serve from 1 August 1974): Bulgaria, Canada, tween 13 and 24 May, and an organizational meeting (with its Chile, France, Germany (Federal Republic of), India, In­ composition as at 1 August 1974) on 24 May. All meetings were donesia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines, Poland, Sweden, held at United Nations Headquarters, New York. USSR, United Kingdom, United States. Ex-officio members: Chairman of the Executive Board, Chair­ Members: man of the Programme Committee. To serve until 31 July 1974: Algeria, Canada, Germany (Federal Chairman: M. Sriamin (Indonesia). 1098 Appendix III

Office of the United Nations High Commissioner Executive Director of the World Food Programme: Francisco for Refugees (UNHCR) Aquino. The Executive Committee of the Programme of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees reports to the Gen­ eral Assembly through the Economic and Social Council. (See Preparatory Committee of the World Food Conference above, under THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY.) The Preparatory Committee of the World Food Conference held three sessions in 1974: its first session, at United Nations International Narcotics Control Board Headquarters, New York, from 11 to 15 February; its second, at The International Narcotics Control Board was established Geneva, Switzerland, from 4 to 8 June; and its third, and final, under the terms of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, session, at Rome, Italy, from 23 September to 4 October. 1961. The Economic and Social Council elects the Board's 11 Membership in the Preparatory Committee was open to all members, 3 from candidates nominated by the World Health Member States of the United Nations. Organization (WHO) and 8 by Members of the United Nations and parties to the Single Convention, to serve in their indi­ Chairman: Olof Rydbeck (Sweden). vidual capacities for a three-year term. Vice-Chairmen: Santiago Fonseca-Martlnez (Colombia); N. P. The Board held two sessions in 1974, both at Geneva, Swit­ Jain (India) (first session), Brajesh C. Mishra (India) (second zerland: its fourteenth, from 27 May to 11 June; and its fif­ and third sessions); Mrs. Ewa Raszeja-Tobjasz (Poland). teenth, from 21 October to 13 November. Rapporteur: 0. Ojeaga Ojehomon (Nigeria) (first and second sessions), L. M. Mumeka (Zambia) (third session). Members (until 1 March 1977):* Elected from candidates submitted by WHO: Michel A. Attisso, Vice-President (Togo); Dr. Ramon de la Fuente-Muniz World Food Council (Mexico); Dr. Sukru Kaymakcalan (Turkey). The World Food Council, established by the General Assem­ Elected from candidates submitted by Governments: D. P. bly on 17 December 1974 as an organ of the United Nations at Anand (India); Dr. N. K. Barkov (USSR); Ross A. Chapman, the ministerial or plenipotentiary level, reports to the Assembly Vice-President (Canada); Sir Frederick Mason (United King­ through the Economic and Social Council. (See above, under dom); Dr. Victorio V. Olguln (Argentina); Martin R. Pollner THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY.) (United States); Paul Reuter, President (France); Dr. Tsutomu Shimomura (Japan). United Nations Research Institute for "Elected on 17May 1973. Social Development (UNRISO)

United Natlons/FAO Intergovernmental Committee BOARD OF DIRECTORS of the World Food Programme In 1974, the Board of Directors consisted of: The 24-member United Nations/FAO Intergovernmental Committee, the governing body of the World Food Programme, The Chairman, appointed by the Secretary-General: Jan Tin- held two sessions in 1974, both at Rome, Italy: its twenty-fifth, bergen (Netherlands). from 22 to 26 April; and its twenty-sixth, from 24 to 31 October. Six members* nominated by the Commission for Social De­ velopment and confirmed by the Economic and Social Coun­ Members in 1974: cil for a four-year term (to serve until 1 July 1977) as follows: To serve until 31 December 1974: Canada,* Denmark.t Jacques Delors (France), Gunnar Karl Myrdal (Sweden), Hungaryt {Second Vice-Chairman), India,* Togo.t Trinidad Khaleeq Ahmed Naqvi (India), H. M. A. Onitiri (Nigeria), Beri- and Tobago,* Turkey.t United States.* slav Sefer (Yugoslavia), Mrs. Eleanor Bernert Sheldon To serve until 31 December 1975: Argentina,* Indonesia* (United States). {Chairman), Japan.t Netherlands* {First Vice-Chairman), Eight other members as follows: a representative of the Norway,! Pakistani Sudan.t Tunisia.* Secretary-General, the Director of the Latin American Insti­ To serve until 31 December 1976: Chile,t France,* Germany tute for Economic and Social Planning, the Director of the (Federal Republic of),* Ireland, + Malawi,t Senegal,* Asian Institute for Economic Development and Planning, the Switzerland,* United Kingdom.t Director of the African Institute for Economic Development and Planning, the Executive-Secretary of the Economic * Elected by the FAO Council. Commission for Western Asia, the Director of UNRISD (ex t Elected by the Economic and Social Council. officio), and the representatives of two of the following specialized agencies appointed in annual rotation: United On 16 May 1974, the Economic and Social Council elected Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization the following members for a three-year term starting on and World Health Organization (members); International 1 January 1975 to fill four of the eight vacancies occurring on Labour Organisation and Food and Agriculture Organization 31 December 1974: Hungary, Mauritania, Sweden, Turkey. of the United Nations (observers). On 28 November 1974, the FAO Council elected the following members for the same term, to fill the other four vacancies: * At the end of 1974, the seventh member, to replace Vicente Canada, India, Saudi Arabia, United States. Sanchez (Chile), who resigned in January 1974, had not been nominated. Members for 1975: Argentina,* Canada,* Chile,! France,* Ger­ many (Federal Republic of),* Hungary,! India,* Indonesia,* Ireland,t Japan.t Malawi,t Mauritania,t Netherlands,* United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Norway.t Pakistani Saudi Arabia,* Senegal,* Sudan.t Sweden,t Switzerland,* Tunisia,* Turkey.t United Kingdom.t GOVERNING COUNCIL United States.* The Governing Council of the United Nations Environment Programme, established by the General Assembly, reports to * Elected by the FAO Council. the Assembly through the Economic and Social Council. (See t Elected by the Economic and Social Council. above, under THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY.) The structure of the United Nations 1099

United Nations Special Fund * Formerly known as the Group of Rapporteurs on the Pack­ ing of Dangerous Goods, the Group was renamed on BOARD OF GOVERNORS 10 December 1974 by the Committee of Experts on the Trans­ The Board of Governors of the United Nations Special Fund port of Dangerous Goods. reports annually to the General Assembly through the Economic and Social Council. (See above, under THE GEN­ ERAL ASSEMBLY.) The Group of Rapporteurs held two sessions in 1974, both at Geneva, Switzerland: its fifteenth, from 25 February to 8 March; and its sixteenth, from 12 to 16 August. Attending the Committee of Experts on the Transport sessions were: of Dangerous Goods L Andronov (USSR); W. K. Byrd (United States); T. Ellison Members (experts appointed by the following countries): (Canada); F. Goemmel (Germany, Federal Republic of); H. Kem­ Canada, France, Germany (Federal Republic of), Italy, Japan, ler, Vice-Chairman (France); L. Savi, Chairman (Italy); Norway, Poland, USSR, United Kingdom, United States. L Spencer, Vice-Chairman (United Kingdom). The Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization was also represented at both sessions and the World Health The Committee held its eighth session at Geneva, Switzer­ Organization, at the sixteenth session. land, from 2 to 10 December 1974. Attending the session were: Mrs. M. Aarnes (Norway); L. Andronov (USSR); W. K. Byrd, United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names Chairman (United States); T. Ellison (Canada); S. Geryszewski The Group of Experts did not meet in 1974. (Poland); F. Goemmel (Germany, Federal Republic of); H. Kemler (France); L. Savi (Italy); L. Spencer (United Kingdom). Group of Experts on Tax Treaties between Representatives from the World Health Organization and the Developed and Developing Countries* Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization were Members in 1974: Riaz Ahmad (Pakistan), A. N. E. Amissah also present. (Ghana), Helmut F. Debatint (Germany, Federal Republic of), Francisco O. N. Dornelles (Brazil), Simcha Gafny (Israel), GROUP OF EXPERTS ON EXPLOSIVES Nathan Gordon (United States), Derek Hopkins (United King­ Members (experts appointed by the following countries): dom), Adnan Bazer Kafaoglu (Turkey), Pierre Kerlan France, Germany (Federal Republic of), United Kingdom, (France), Ambrosio M. Lina (Philippines), Carlos C. Martinez United States. Molteni (Argentina), Hamzah Merghani (Sudan), Hiroshige Otake (Japan), A. Scheel (Norway), Ramanlal Dahyabbai In 1974, the Group of Experts held a series of informal meet­ Shah (India), Sangrarapillay S. Sittampalam" (Sri Lanka), ings between 18 and 21 February, and its fifteenth session from W. H. van den Berge (Netherlands), Max Widmer (Switzer­ 5 to 9 August, both at Geneva, Switzerland. Attending the in­ land), "Carlos Yacoman Godoy (Chile), Ahmed Zarrouk formal meetings and session were: (Tunisia). W. K. Byrd (United States); G. Chaussard* (France); E. Hein- rich (Germany, Federal Republic of); E. G. Whitbread, Chair­ * Formerly known as the Ad Hoc Group of Experts on Tax man (United Kingdom). Treaties between Developed and Developing Countries. By a The Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization resolution of 18 May 1973, the Economic and Social Council was also represented at the session. requested the Secretary-General to convene the Group at regu­ lar intervals. * Replaced by L. Medard (France) at the informal meetings. t Replaced by Thomas Menk (Germany, Federal Republic of), who was "appointed by the Secretary-General on 20 November GROUP OF RAPPORTEURS OF THE COMMITTEE OF 1974. EXPERTS ON THE TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS' " Replaced by C. Sivaprakasam (Sri Lanka), who was ap­ Members (rapporteurs appointed by the following countries): pointed by the Secretary-General, on 20 November 1974. Canada, France, Germany (Federal Republic of), Italy, USSR, United Kingdom, United States. The Group of Experts did not meet in 1974. The Trusteeship Council

Article 86 of the United Nations Charter lays down that the 31 January 1968, therefore, the parity called for by the same Trusteeship Council shall consist of the following: Article could no longer be maintained.

Members of the United Nations administering Trust Territories; Permanent members of the Security Council which do not MEMBERS IN 1974 administer Trust Territories; Members administering Trust Territories: Australia, United As many other members elected for a three-year term by the States. General Assembly as will ensure that the membership of the Non-administering members: China, France, USSR, United Council is equally divided between United Nations Members Kingdom. which administer Trust Territories and those which do not.* SESSIONS IN 1974 *As from 31 January 1968, there have remained only two The Trusteeship Council held its forty-first session at United Members of the United Nations which administer Trust Ter­ Nations Headquarters, New York, from 3 to 14 June and from 15 ritories; four permanent members of the Security Council have to 23 October 1974. continued as non-administering members of the Trusteeship Council in accordance with Article 86 of the Charter, the term of OFFICERS IN 1974 office of the remaining elected member of the Trusteeship President: Sir Laurence Rupert Mclntyre (Australia). Council having expired on 31 December 1968. Since Vice-President: James Murray (United Kingdom). 1100 Appendix III

The International Court of Justice

Judges of the Court Australia, Austria, Belgium, Botswana, Canada, Colombia, The International Court of Justice consists of 15 Judges Costa Rica, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Egypt, El Salvador, elected for nine-year terms by the General Assembly and the Finland, Gambia, Haiti, Honduras, India, Israel, Japan, Kenya, Security Council, voting independently. Khmer Republic, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malawi, The following were the Judges of the Court serving in 1974, Malta, ' Mauritius, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, listed in the order of precedence: Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Philippines, Portugal, Somalia, Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Country of End of Uganda, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay. Judge nationality term' Manfred Lachs, President Poland 1976 Fouad Ammoun, Vice- Lebanon 1976 President Organs authorized to request advisory Isaac Forster Senegal 1982 opinions from the Court Andre Gros France 1982 Authorized by the United Nations Charter to request opinions Cesar Bengzon Philippines 1976 on any legal question: General Assembly; Security Council. Sture Petren Sweden 1976 Authorized by the General Assembly in accordance with the Charles D. Onyeama Nigeria 1976 Hardy Cross Dillard United States 1979 Charter to request opinions on legal questions arising within Louis Ignacio-Pinto Dahomey 1979 the scope of their activities: Economic and Social Council; Federico de Castro Spain 1979 Trusteeship Council; Interim Committee of the General As­ Platon D. Morozov USSR 1979 sembly; Committee on Applications for Review of Adminis­ Eduardo Jimenez de Uruguay 1979 trative Tribunal Judgements; International Atomic Energy Arechaga Agency; International Labour Organisation; Food and Ag­ Sir Humphrey Waldock United Kingdom 1982 riculture Organization of the United Nations; United Nations Nagendra Singh India 1982 Jose Maria Ruda Argentina 1982 Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; World Health Organization; International Bank for Reconstruction * Term expires on 5 February of year indicated. and Development; International Finance Corporation; Inter­ national Development Association; International Monetary Registrar: Stanislas Aquarone. Fund; International Civil Aviation Organization; International Deputy Registrar: William Tait. Telecommunication Union; World Meteorological Organiza­ tion; Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organiza­ Chamber of Summary Procedure tion; World Intellectual Property Organization. (as constituted by the Court on 25 January 1974) Members: Manfred Lachs, Fouad Ammoun, Charles D. Committees of the Court Onyeama, Federico de Castro, Eduardo Jimenez de The Court has established the following committees, all of Arechaga. which are standing committees except for the Committee for Substitute members: Sir Humphrey Waldock, Jose Maria Ruda. the Revision of the Rules of Court.

Parties to the Court's Statute BUDGETARY AND ADMINISTRATIVE COMMITTEE All Members of the United Nations are ipso facto parties to Members: Manfred Lachs, Fouad Ammoun, Isaac Forster, the Statute of the International Court of Justice. The following Sture Petren, Hardy Cross Dillard. non-members have also become parties to the Court's Statute: Liechtenstein, San Marino, Switzerland. COMMITTEE ON RELATIONS In addition, the Court is open to the Republic of Viet-Nam, Members: Charles D. Onyeama, Platon D. Morozov, Nagendra which has filed with the Registry of the Court a declaration Singh, Jose Maria Ruda. prescribed by the Security Council for that purpose. LIBRARY COMMITTEE States accepting the compulsory jurisdiction Members: Sture Petren, Hardy Cross Dillard, Louis Ignacio- of the Court Pinto. Declarations made by the following States accepting the Court's compulsory jurisdiction (or made under the Statute of COMMITTEE FOR THE REVISION OF THE RULES OF COURT the Permanent Court of International Justice and deemed to be Members: Hardy Cross Dillard, Louis Ignacio-Pinto, Platon D. an acceptance of the jurisdiction of the International Court) Morozov, Eduardo Jimenez de Arechaga, Sir Humphrey Wal­ were in force at the end of 1974: dock, Jose Maria Ruda.

Principal members of the United Nations Secretariat (As at 31 December 1974) Secretariat Office of the Under-Secretary-General for Political and General Assembly Affairs Under-Secretary-General: F. Bradford Morse The Secretary-General: Kurt Waldheim Office of the Assistant Secretary-General Executive Office of the Secretary-General for Special Political Questions Assistant Secretary-General, Executive Assistant to Assistant Secretary-General: Abdulrahim Abby Farah Secretary-General: Ismat T. Kittani Office of Legal Affairs Office of the Under-Secretary-General Under-Secretary-General, the Legal Counsel: Erik Suy for Special Political Affairs Under-Secretary-General: Roberto E. Guyer Office of Inter-Agency Affairs and Co-ordination Under-Secretary-General: Brian E. Urquhart Under-Secretary-General: C. V. Narasimhan The structure of the United Nations 1101

Department of Political and Security Council Affairs Office of the United Nations High Commissioner Uncler-Secretary-General: Arkady N. Shevchenko for Refugees (UNHCR) High Commissioner: Sadruddin Aga Khan Department of Political Affairs, Trusteeship and Decolonization United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Uncler-Secretary-General: Tang Ming-chao Administrator: Rudolph A. Peterson Deputy Administrator, Administrative: Bert H. Lindstrom Department of Economic and Social Affairs Deputy Administrator, Programme: Indraprasad G. Patel Under-Secretary-General: Philippe de Seynes Assistant Administrator, Programme: Sidney Dell Under-Secretary-General, Commissioner for Technical Co­ Executive Director, United Nations Fund for Population Ac­ operation: Issoufou Saidou Djermakoye tivities: Rafael M. Salas Secretary-General of the World Food Conference: Sayed Assistant Administrator and Regional Director, Regional Marei Bureau for Asia and the Far East: Rajendra Coomaras- Assistant Secretary-General for Social and Humanitarian wamy. Matters, Secretary-General of the International Women's Assistant Administrator, Bureau of Administration and Fi­ Year and of the World Conference of the International nance: John A. Olver Women's Year, 1975: Mrs. Helvi Sipila Assistant Administrator and Regional Director, Regional Assistant Secretary-General, Executive Secretary, Economic Bureau for Africa: Michel Doo Kingue Commission for Europe: Janez I. Stanovnik Assistant Administrator and Regional Director, Regional Assistant Secretary-General, Executive Secretary, Economic Bureau for Europe, Mediterranean and Middle East: Ser- and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific: Johan B. gije Makiedo P. Maramis Assistant Administrator and Regional Director, Regional Assistant Secretary-General, Executive Secretary, Economic Bureau for Latin America: Gabriel Valdes-Subercaseaux Commission for Latin America: Enrique V. Iglesias Assistant Secretary-General, Executive Secretary, Economic United Nations Conference on Trade and Commission for Africa: Robert K. A. Gardiner Development (UNCTAD) Assistant Secretary-General, Executive Secretary, Economic Secretary-General of the Conference: Gamani Corea Commission tor Western Asia: Mohamed-Said Al-Attar United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) Under-Secretary-General, Executive Director: Ibrahim Helmi Office of the Under-Secretary-General for Abdel-Rahman (until 20 December 1974) Administration and Management Under-Secretary-General: George F. Davidson United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Executive Director: Maurice F. Strong OFFICE OF FINANCIAL SERVICES Deputy Executive Director: Mostafa Tolba Assistant Secretary-General, Controller: Helmut F. Debatin Assistant Executive Director: Robert A. Frosch

OFFICE OF PERSONNEL SERVICES United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) Assistant Secretary-General: Mohamed Habib Gherab Under-Secretary-General, Executive Director: Davidson S. H. W. Nicol OFFICE OF GENERAL SERVICES Assistant Secretary-General: Robert J. Ryan United Nations Truce Supervision Organization in Palestine (UNTSO) Chief of Staff: Major-General Bengt Liljestrand Department of Conference Services Under-Secretary-General: Bohdan Lewandowski United Nations Peace-keeping Force In Cyprus (UNFICYP) Special Representative of the Secretary-General in Cyprus: Office of Public Information Luis Weckmann-Munoz Assistant Secretary-General: Genichi Akatani Commander: Major-General Dewan Prem Chand

United Nations Office at Geneva United Nations Middle East Mission (UNMEM) Under-Secretary-General, Director-General of the United Na­ Under-Secretary-General, Special Representative: Gunnar V. tions Office at Geneva: Vittorio Winspeare Guicciardi Jarring

Subsidiary organs United Nations Commissioner for Namibia United Nations Commissioner for Namibia: Sean MacBride United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Under-Secretary-General, Executive Director: Henry R. Labouisse Conference of the Committee on Disarmament Assistant Secretary-General, Senior Deputy Executive Direc­ Secretary-General's Special Representative to the Committee tor: Eric J. R. Heyward on Disarmament: llkka Pastinen

United Nations Military Observer Group In India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP) United Nations Zambia Assistance Programme Chief Military Observer: Lieutenant-General Luis Tassara Under-Secretary-General, Co-ordinator: Sir Robert Jackson Gonzalez

United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF) United Nations Emergency Operation Force Commander: Lieutenant-General Ensio P. H. Siilasvuo Special Representative of the Secretary-General: Radl Pre- bisch United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees In the Near East (UNRWA) Latin American Institute for Economic and Social Planning Commissioner-General: Sir John Shaw Rennie Director: Luis Eduardo Rosas 1102 Appendix III

Office of the United Nations Disaster Belief Habitat: United Nations Conference on Human Settlements Co-ordlnator (UNDRO) Secretary-General of the Conference: Enrique Penalosa Disaster Relief Co-ordinator: Faruk N. Berkol United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea Under-Secretary-General, Special Representative of the World Population Conference, 1974 Secretary-General to the Third United Nations Conference Secretary-General of the Conference: Antonio Carillo Flores on the Law of the Sea: Bernardo Zuleta

On 31 December 1974, the total number of staff, other than higher categories and 8,191 in the general service, manual technical assistance experts, employed by the United Nations worker and field service categories. In addition, there were under probationary, permanent and fixed-term appointments 2,356 technical assistance experts employed by the United Na- stood at 12,736. Of these, 4,545 were in the professional and tions as at 31 December 1974. Appendix IV United Nations Information Centres and Offices (As at 1 April 1975)

ACCRA. United Nations Information BOGOTA. Centra de Information de ISLAMABAD. United Nations Informa­ Centre las Naciones Unidas tion Centre Liberia and Maxwell Roads Calle 10 No. 3-61 Bungalow No. 24 (Post Office Box 2339) (Apartado Postal 6567) Ramna-6/3, 88th Street Accra, Ghana Bogota, Colombia (Post Office Box 1107) Islamabad, Pakistan ADDIS ABABA. Information Service, BUCHAREST. United Nations Informa­ United Nations Economic Commis­ tion Centre KABUL. United Nations Information sion for Africa 16 Rue Aurel Vlaicu Centre Africa Hall Bucharest, Romania Shah Mahmoud Ghazi Watt (Post Office Box 3001) (Post Office Box 5) Addis Ababa, Ethiopia BUENOS AIRES. Centra de Informa­ Kabul, Afghanistan tion de las Naciones Unidas ALGIERS. United Nations Information Marcelo T. de Alvear 684 (tercer piso) KATHMANDU. United Nations Informa­ Centre Buenos Aires, Argentina tion Centre 19 Avenue Claude Debussy Lainchaur, Lazimpat (BoTte Postale 823) BUJUMBURA. Centre d'lnformation (Post Office Box 107) Algiers, Algeria des Nations Unies Kathmandu, Nepal Avenue de la Poste et Place Jungers ANKARA. United Nations Information (Boite Postale 1490) KHARTOUM. United Nations Informa­ Office Bujumbura, Burundi tion Centre 197 Ataturk Bulvari House No. 9, Block 6.5 D.E. (P. K. 407) Nejumi Street Ankara, Turkey (Post Office Box 1992) CAIRO. United Nations Information Khartoum, Sudan ASUNCION. Centra de Information Centre de las Naciones Unidas Sh. Osoris KINSHASA. United Nations Informa­ Calle Coronel Bogado 871 Tagher Building (Garden City) tion Centre (Casilla de Correo 1107) (Post Office Box 262) Building Deuxieme Republique Asuncidn, Paraguay Cairo, Egypt Boulevard du 30 juin (Bofte Postale 7248) ATHENS. United Nations Information COLOMBO. United Nations Informa­ Kinshasa, Zaire Centre tion Centre 36 Amalia Avenue 204 Buller's Road Athens 119, Greece (Post Office Box 1505) LAGOS. United Nations Information Colombo 7, Sri Lanka Centre 17 Kingsway Road, Ikoyi COPENHAGEN. United Nations Infor­ (Post Office Box 1068) BAGHDAD. United Nations Informa­ mation Centre Lagos, Nigeria tion Centre 37 H. C. Andersen's Boulevard House No. 167/1 Abu Nouwas Street DK 1553 Copenhagen V, Denmark LA PAZ. Centra de Information de (Post Office Box 2398 Alwiyah) las Naciones Unidas Baghdad, Iraq Avenida Arce No. 2419 (Apartado Postal 686) BANGKOK. Information Service, DAKAR. Centre d'lnformation des La Paz, Bolivia United Nations Economic and Social Nations Unies Commission for Asia and the Pacific 2 Avenue Roume LIMA. Centra de Information de las Sala Santitham (Boite Postale 154) Naciones Unidas Bangkok, Thailand Dakar, Senegal Avenida Arenales 815 (Apartado Postal 4480) BEIRUT. Information Service, United DAR ES SALAAM. United Nations Lima, Peru Nations Economic Commission for Information Centre Western Asia Matasalamat Building LOME. Centre d'lnformation des Na­ Apt. No. 1, Fakhoury Building (Post Office Box 9224) tions Unies Montee Bairn Militaire Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Rue Albert Sarraut (Post Office Box 4656) Tanzania Coin Avenue de Gaulle Beirut, Lebanon (BoTte Postale 911) Lome, Togo BELGRADE. United Nations Informa­ tion Centre GENEVA. Information Service, United LONDON. United Nations Information Svetozara Markovica 58 Nations European Office Centre (Post Office Box 157) Palais des Nations 14/15 Stratford Place Belgrade, Yugoslavia YU-11001 1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland London W1 N9AF, England 1104 Appendix IV

MANILA. United Nations Information PORT OF SPAIN. United Nations In­ SYDNEY. United Nations Information Centre formation Centre Centre Metropolitan Bank Building (ground 15 Keate Street London Assurance Building floor) (Post Office Box 130) 20 Bridge Street 6813 Ayala Avenue, Makati, Rizal Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago (Post Office Box R226) (Post Office Box 2149) Royal Exchange Manila, Philippines PRAGUE. United Nations Information Sydney 2000, Australia Centre MEXICO CITY. Centra de Informa­ Panska 5 TANANARIVE. Centre d'lnformation tion de las Naciones Unidas 110 00 Prague 1, Czechoslovakia des Nations Unies Presidente Mazaryk No. 29 (septimo 26, Rue de Liege piso) (Boite Postale 1348) Colonia Polanco Tananarive, Madagascar Mexico 5, D. F., Mexico RABAT. Centre d'lnformation des Na­ TEHERAN. United Nations Informa­ MONROVIA. United Nations Informa­ tions Unies tion Centre tion Centre Angle Charia Moulay Hassan et Zankat Off Takhte Jamshid Latco Building Assafi 12 Kh. Bandar Pahlavi Borad Street (Casier ONU) (Post Office Box 1555) (Post Office Box 274) Rabat, Morocco Teheran, Iran Monrovia, Liberia RANGOON. United Nations Informa­ TOKYO. United Nations Information MOSCOW. United Nations Informa­ tion Centre Centre tion Centre 132 University Avenue Shin Ohtemachi Building, Room 450 No. 4/16 Ulitsa, Lunacharskogo 1 Rangoon, Burma 2-1 Ohtemachi 2-chome Moscow, USSR Chiyoda-ku RIO DE JANEIRO. United Nations In­ Tokyo, Japan formation Centre Rua Cruz Lima 19, group 201 TUNIS. Centre d'lnformation des Na­ NAIROBI. United Nations Informa­ Flamengo tions Unies tion Centre Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 61, Boulevard Bab Benat (Post Office Box 30218) (Boite Postale 863) Nairobi, Kenya ROME. United Nations Information Tunis, Tunisia Centre NEW DELHI. United Nations Informa­ Palazzetto Venezia VIENNA. Information Service, United tion Centre Piazza San Marco 50 Nations Industrial Development 1 Barakhamba Road Rome, Italy Organization New Delhi 1, India Lerchenfelderstrasse 1 (Post Office Box 707, A-1011 Vienna) A-1070 Vienna, Austria

PARIS. Centre d'lnformation des Na­ SAN SALVADOR. Centra de Informa­ WASHINGTON. United Nations Infor­ tions Unies tion de las Naciones Unidas mation Centre 1, rue Miollis 6a-10a Calle Poniente 1833 Suite 714 75732 Paris Cedex 15 (Apartado Postal 2157) 1028 Connecticut Avenue, N.W. France San Salvador, El Salvador Washington, D.C. 20006, United States

PORT MORESBY. United Nations SANTIAGO. Information Service, YAOUNDE. Centre d'lnformation des Information Centre United Nations Economic Commis­ Nations Unies Granville House (third floor) sion for Latin America Immeuble Kamden Cuthbertson Street Edificio Naciones Unidas Rue Joseph Clere (Post Office Box 472) Avenida Dag Hammarskjold (Botte Postale 836) Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea Santiago, Chile Yaounde, United Republic of Cameroon