The Main Source Material for This Book Has Been the Foreign Office, Cabinet and Chief of Staff Papers, Together with Some S.O.E
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British Clandestine Activities in Romania During the Second World
British Clandestine Activities in Romania during the Second World War This page intentionally left blank British Clandestine Activities in Romania during the Second World War Dennis Deletant Visiting ‘Ion Ra¸tiu’ Professor of Romanian Studies, Georgetown University, USA © Dennis Deletant 2016 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2016 978–1–137–57451–0 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2016 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. -
NATIONAL LIFE STORIES CITY LIVES Hermann Abs Interviewed By
NATIONAL LIFE STORIES CITY LIVES Hermann Abs Interviewed by Cathy Courtney C409/040 © The British Library Board http://sounds.bl.uk This interview and transcript is accessible via http://sounds.bl.uk. © The British Library Board. Please refer to the Oral History curators at the British Library prior to any publication or broadcast from this document. Oral History The British Library 96 Euston Road London NW1 2DB United Kingdom +44 (0)20 7412 7404 [email protected] Every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of this transcript, however no transcript is an exact translation of the spoken word, and this document is intended to be a guide to the original recording, not replace it. Should you find any errors please inform the Oral History curators. © The British Library Board http://sounds.bl.uk BRITISH LIBRARY NATIONAL LIFE STORIES INTERVIEW SUMMARY SHEET _______________________________________________________________ Ref. No.: C409/040 Playback Nos: F529-F530 _______________________________________________________________ Collection title: City Lives _______________________________________________________________ Interviewee's surname: Abs Title: Mr Interviewee's forenames: Hermann Date of birth: 15 October 1901 Sex: Male _______________________________________________________________ Dates of recording: 11 July 1990 Location of interview: Deutsche Bank AG, Germany Name of interviewer: Cathy Courtney Type of recorder: Marantz CP430 Total no. of tapes: 2 Speed: - Type of tape: cassette Noise reduction: dbx Mono or stereo: stereo Original or copy: Original _______________________________________________________________ Additional material: None _______________________________________________________________ Copyright/Clearance: Full clearance _______________________________________________________________ http://sounds.bl.uk HermannAbs C409/040/01 F529A Page 1 F529 Side A n" July 1990. Herr Abs •office at the Deutsche Bank in Frankfurt. Your background. did you comefrom a bankingfamily? I did not come from a banker family. -
Journal of Anglo-Turkish Relations, Volume 2, Number 1, January 2021 Boşcan, Liliana Elena
Journal of Anglo-Turkish Relations, Volume 2, Number 1, January 2021 Boşcan, Liliana Elena. “Activity of the Special Operation Executive in Romania via Turkey, 1943 – 1944”, Journal of Anglo-Turkish Relations, Vol. 2, No. 1, (January 2021), pp. 11-23. Activity of the Special Operation Executive in Romania via Turkey, 1943 - 1944 Liliana Elena Boșcan1 Abstract The Anschluss of March 1938 marks the point at which Hitler’s designs for Europe became clearer to Britain and greater prominence was given to considerations about Romania. Between 1938 and 1941 Britain’s only weapon against German ambitions in countries which fell into Hitler’s orbit were military subversive operations — the destruction of the oilfields and the interdiction of supply routes by the Danube and the rail network — but S.O.E. ((Special Operation Executive) failed. Between 1941 and 1944, the S.O.E. (Special Operation Executive) activity was centred on the revival of wireless contacts with Iuliu Maniu, head of the National Peasant Party, aimed at persuading through him Marshal Ion Antonescu to abandon the Axis and the provision of a channel of communication of armistice terms by the Allies (Autonomous Mission, December 1943). The S.O.E. has taken steps to create a reliable communication channel between S.O.E. residents in Istanbul and Bucharest. A network was made through Turkey legations or through emissaries sent to Istanbul, Ankara and Cairo, or by radio broadcast and by agents launched with parachute. Keywords: S.O.E., Romanian-Turkish Relations, Oil, Balkans, World War II 1. Introduction In April 1938, Admiral Sir Hugh Sinclair, the Head of the British Secret Intelligence Service (S.I.S. -
The Shaping of Bulgarian and Serbian National Identities, 1800S-1900S
The Shaping of Bulgarian and Serbian National Identities, 1800s-1900s February 2003 Katrin Bozeva-Abazi Department of History McGill University, Montreal A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 1 Contents 1. Abstract/Resume 3 2. Note on Transliteration and Spelling of Names 6 3. Acknowledgments 7 4. Introduction 8 How "popular" nationalism was created 5. Chapter One 33 Peasants and intellectuals, 1830-1914 6. Chapter Two 78 The invention of the modern Balkan state: Serbia and Bulgaria, 1830-1914 7. Chapter Three 126 The Church and national indoctrination 8. Chapter Four 171 The national army 8. Chapter Five 219 Education and national indoctrination 9. Conclusions 264 10. Bibliography 273 Abstract The nation-state is now the dominant form of sovereign statehood, however, a century and a half ago the political map of Europe comprised only a handful of sovereign states, very few of them nations in the modern sense. Balkan historiography often tends to minimize the complexity of nation-building, either by referring to the national community as to a monolithic and homogenous unit, or simply by neglecting different social groups whose consciousness varied depending on region, gender and generation. Further, Bulgarian and Serbian historiography pay far more attention to the problem of "how" and "why" certain events have happened than to the emergence of national consciousness of the Balkan peoples as a complex and durable process of mental evolution. This dissertation on the concept of nationality in which most Bulgarians and Serbs were educated and socialized examines how the modern idea of nationhood was disseminated among the ordinary people and it presents the complicated process of national indoctrination carried out by various state institutions. -
YUGOSLAV-SOVIET RELATIONS, 1953- 1957: Normalization, Comradeship, Confrontation
YUGOSLAV-SOVIET RELATIONS, 1953- 1957: Normalization, Comradeship, Confrontation Svetozar Rajak Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy London School of Economics and Political Science University of London February 2004 UMI Number: U615474 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U615474 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 ” OF POUTICAL «, AN0 pi Th ^ s^ s £ £2^>3 ^7&2io 2 ABSTRACT The thesis chronologically presents the slow improvement of relations between Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union, starting with Stalin’s death on 5 March 1953, through their full normalization in 1955 and 1956, to the renewed ideological confrontation at the end of 1956. The normalization of Yugoslav-Soviet relations brought to an end a conflict between Yugoslavia and the Eastern Bloc, in existence since 1948, which threatened the status quo in Europe. The thesis represents the first effort at comprehensively presenting the reconciliation between Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union, between 1953 and 1957. It will also explain the motives that guided the leaderships of the two countries, in particular the two main protagonists, Josip Broz Tito and Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev, throughout this process. -
First Draft of the Paper Was Presented
Center for Liberal-Democratic Studies WORKING PAPERS IN ECONOMIC HISTORY REAL URBAN WAGE IN AN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY WITHOUT LANDLESS FARMERS: SERBIA, 1862-1910 Boško Mijatović and Branko Milanović January 2019 1 January 2019 Real urban wage in an agricultural economy without landless farmers: Serbia, 1862-1910 Boško Mijatović and Branko Milanović1 1. Introduction During the past couple of decades an extensive work has been done on historical real wages. The objective was to assess living standards of the populations before national accounts became available. Since historical wage data are relatively abundant, it was thought that the best approach to study living standards of at least working population would be to collect wage data and contrast them to a basket of essential goods (whose prices as well would be collected). The idea was already present in Colin Clark’s Conditions of Economic Progress. It was more precisely defined by Henry Phelps-Brown and Sheila Hopkins (1962) and named “housewife’s shopping basket” and used by Braudel in The Perspective of the World (vol. 3 Civilization and Capitalism, p. 616) but has been expanded and developed in a number of papers by Robert Allen beginning with his 2001 article “The Great Divergence in European Wages and Prices from the Middle Ages to the First World War”.2 There and in the subsequent work Allen decided to look at wages for two types of laborers: a construction worker and an “ordinary” unskilled worker, and to use two baskets of goods: a “respectability basket” (the term having its origin in Adam Smith’s statement about the goods that every self-respecting person, at a given time and place, would expect to be able consume) and a much more austere the “bare-bones” or subsistence basket. -
British Fleet Fights Italians Off Corfu
Weather Forecast Cloudy and continued cool, lowest to- 'From Press to Home night about 46; tomorrow considerable cloudiness, slightly warmer. Tempera- Within the Hour' tures today—Highest, 50, at 2 p.m.; Most in lowest, 46, at 6 a.m. people Washington have The * Star delivered to their homes From the United States Weather Bureau report. every Full details on Pn*e A-2. evening and Sunday morning. Closing New York Markets, Page 16. (JP) Meant Attoeiated Pratt. 88th YEAR, No. 35,244. WASHINGTON, D. C., MONDAY, OCTOBER 28, 1940 — THIRTY-FOUR PAGES. *** THREE CENTS. BRITISH FLEET FIGHTS ITALIANS OFF CORFU Greeks Fascist and Churchill All Heir ---Invaders; Battling King♦.....—-- Pledge /TIT WOULDNtN f MAKE ANr DIFFERENCE \ Roosevelt Acts Turks Reported Entering Thrace; \^WHAT 1 SAID! L To 6 Alarms in Athens; Airports Hit Safeguard T U. S. Interests Yugoslavs and Positive English Phones Hull in Crisis; Metaxas Regime Declares Fear Assurances Sent Bulgars Crowds Turn Out in of War War After Flatly Rejecting Spread To New Ally and New York By the Associated Press. Jersey SOFIA, Bulgaria, Oct. 28 — By the Associated Press. By JOHN C. HENRY, Ultimatum From Rome Fears that a further of Oct. 28.—Both spreading LONDON, King Star Staff Correspondent. the war through Southeastern George VI and Prime Minister BROOKLYN, N. Oct. 28 — Europe might flame from Italian Y., Churchill have Greece BULLETIN invasion of Greece brought hur- promised Keeping in frequent telephonic con- ried conferences to- every help against the and the dis- LONDON, Oct. 28 (/P).—Reuters, British news government possible tact with Washington day in Bulgaria and Yugoslavia, Italian invaders in personal mes- turbing Balkan crisis, President agency, reported tonight from Athens that Greek Greece's neighbors. -
Introduction
Notes Introduction 1. AJP Taylor, English History, 1914–1945 (Oxford: OUP, 1965), p. 522. 2. For sentiments similar to Taylor’s, expressed in the memoirs of several pro- tagonists and makers of British foreign policy during the Second World War, see Major General Sir Francis de Guingand, Operation Victory (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1947), p. 49; Bernard Fergusson, The Trumpet in the Hall, 1930–1958 (London: Collins, 1970), pp. 81–5; Lord Ismay, The Mem- oirs of General the Lord Ismay (London: Heinemann, 1960), pp. 322, 330–1; Sir Hughe Knatchbull-Hugessen, Diplomat in Peace & War (London: John Murray, 1949), pp. 203–4; Arthur S Gould Lee, Special Duties – Reminis- cences of a Royal Air Force Staff Officer in the Balkans, Turkey and the Middle East (London: S Low, Marston & Co, 1946), p. 28; Sir John Lomax, Diplo- matic Smuggler (London: A Barker, 1965), pp. 245–6; Geoffrey Thompson, Front-Line Diplomat (London: Hutchinson, 1959), p. 167. 3. For a concise account of the nature of this material, and the means by which it was gathered, see Robin Denniston, ‘Diplomatic Eavesdropping, 1922–44: A New Source Discovered,’ Intelligence & National Security 10:3 (1995), 423–48. 4. Robin Denniston, Churchill’s Secret War: Diplomatic Decrypts, the Foreign Office and Turkey, 1942–44 (Stroud: Sutton, 1997). 5. There is a complete run of diplomatic intercepts dating back to the early 1920s, although the period June–December 1938 is missing. 6. John Robertson, Turkey & Allied Strategy, 1941–45 (New York: Garland, 1986). 7. Gabriel Gorodetsky, Grand Delusion – Stalin & the German Invasion of Russia (London: Yale University Press, 1999). -
KBO Template
International Conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION Vol. XXVII No 1 2021 COOPERATION PLANS BETWEEN SOE AND NKVD REGARDING THE ROMANIAN AREA DURING JANUARY-MAY 1944 Marian ZIDARU Black Sea House Association, Constanța, Romania [email protected] Abstract: The main S.O.E aim seems to have been the utilization of political circles in an endeavour to overthrow the government and get Romania out of the war or at least to bring about the removal of its array from the Russians front, and to deny the national resources to Germany. The USSR has been constant in its disinclination to play with Maniu or associates itself with British planes until they are convinced that some concrete contribution at their war aim would results. They would however be ready to discuss unconditional surrender with the emissary of the Romanian government, capable of putting it into effect. The evolution of these SOE plans will be presented in this article. Keywords: SOE, NKVD, Romania, Antonescu, Maniu 1. Introduction V. D. representative said that they saw no SOE and NKVD had an operative base in difference between the policies of Romania made up of agents and Antonescu and Maniu and that in fact what collaborators. At a meeting, S.O.E. – the Romanians want to be a guarantee from Foreign Office in February 1941, the Russia that the latter would give to representatives of S.O.E. informed that after Romania a large slab of Russian territory in the departure of the members of the return for a vague promise that a successful Bucharest diplomatic mission, their coup d’état would be brought about. -
Diplomatic Despatches from a Son to His Mother
DIPLOMATIC DESPATCHES FROM A SON TO HIS MOTHER John Mason DIPLOMATIC DESPATCHES FROM A SON TO HIS MOTHER John Mason With a foreword by the Rt Hon. Sir Ninian Stephen KG, AK National Library of Australia Canberra 1998 Published by the National Library of Australia Canberra ACT 2600 Australia © John Mason and the National Library of Australia 1998 National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Mason, John, Sir, 1927- . Diplomatic despatches: from a son to his mother. ISBN 0 642 10797 1. 1. Mason, John, Sir, 1927- —Correspondence. 2. Soldiers—Great Britain— Correspondence. 3. Diplomats—Great Britain—Correspondence. 4. Korean War, 1950-1953—Personal narratives, British. 5. Diplomatic and consular service, British. 6. Diplomatic and consular service, British—Australia. I. National Library of Australia. II. Title. 327.41092 Editor: Julie Stokes Designer: Beverly Swifte Proofreader: Tony Twining Printed by Lamb Printers, Perth FOREWORD Autobiographies all too often conceal the true essence of their authors, instead depicting them as they see themselves or, perhaps worse, as they would wish to be seen. Collected letters are sometimes little better, concealing from the addressee, and consequently from other readers, as much or more than they reveal. John Mason's remarkable work is neither autobiography nor conventional collection of letters. From it there emerges a fascinating portrait of a man's development from 17-year-old soldier at the end of the Second World War to senior diplomat of some 40 years later; insights, too, into many of the events of the troubled second half of this century. The letters collected here are those John Mason wrote regularly, for over 40 years, to his mother and, after her death, to his sister; recounting his remarkable and very varied career over those years. -
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STONE CENTER ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC INEQUALITY WORKING PAPER SERIES No. 01 Real Urban Wage in an Agricultural Economy Without Landless Farmers: Serbia, 1862-1910 Boško Mijatović Branko Milanović February 2020 February 2020 Real urban wage in an agricultural economy without landless farmers: Serbia, 1862-1910 Boško Mijatović and Branko Milanović1 ABSTRACT The paper presents the first estimate of the welfare ratio for Serbia using the 19th and early 20th century data on wages of skilled and unskilled workers (including the part paid in kind) and prices of goods that enter into "subsistence" and "respectability" consumption baskets. It finds a stagnation of unskilled wage, and a modest increase in skilled wage. The paper introduces several adjustment to conventional methodology in order to make it more relevant for predominantly agricultural societies. 1 Respectively, Center for Liberal and Democratic Studies (CLDS), Belgrade, and Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York. We are grateful to Luka Mrkobrada for contributing to the data collection work. We thank the editor and three referees for very detailed and valuable comments, as well as Mihail Arandarenko,. Miloš Jagodić and Milan Zavadjil and the participants of a seminar held at CLDS in June 2018 where the first draft of the paper was presented. Corresponding author: [email protected]. 1 1. Introduction and the objective of the study The paper presents first estimates of the real urban wage for the 19th century and pre-World War I Serbia, following the work that has been done on historical real wages in a number of countries and using as a starting point the methodology developed by Robert Allen. -
CHG Library Book List
CHG Library Book List (Belgium), M. r. d. a. e. d. h. (1967). Galerie de l'Asie antérieure et de l'Iran anciens [des] Musées royaux d'art et d'histoire, Bruxelles, Musées royaux d'art et dʹhistoire, Parc du Cinquantenaire, 1967. Galerie de l'Asie antérieure et de l'Iran anciens [des] Musées royaux d'art et d'histoire by Musées royaux d'art et d'histoire (Belgium) (1967) (Director), T. P. F. H. (1968). The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin: Volume XXVI, Number 5. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art (January, 1968). The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin: Volume XXVI, Number 5 by Thomas P.F. Hoving (1968) (Director), T. P. F. H. (1973). The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin: Volume XXXI, Number 3. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art (Ed.), A. B. S. (2002). Persephone. U.S.A/ Cambridge, President and Fellows of Harvard College Puritan Press, Inc. (Ed.), A. D. (2005). From Byzantium to Modern Greece: Hellenic Art in Adversity, 1453-1830. /Benaki Museum. Athens, Alexander S. Onassis Public Benefit Foundation. (Ed.), B. B. R. (2000). Christian VIII: The National Museum: Antiquities, Coins, Medals. Copenhagen, The National Museum of Denmark. (Ed.), J. I. (1999). Interviews with Ali Pacha of Joanina; in the autumn of 1812; with some particulars of Epirus, and the Albanians of the present day (Peter Oluf Brondsted). Athens, The Danish Institute at Athens. (Ed.), K. D. (1988). Antalya Museum. İstanbul, T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı Döner Sermaye İşletmeleri Merkez Müdürlüğü/ Ankara. (ed.), M. N. B. (Ocak- Nisan 2010). "Arkeoloji ve sanat. (Journal of Archaeology and Art): Ölümünün 100.Yıldönümünde Osman Hamdi Bey ve Kazıları." Arkeoloji Ve Sanat 133.